A parallel-type cold and hot cycle oxygen-deficient biomass carbonization device and its usage method

Abstract

This invention discloses a parallel-type hot-cold cycle oxygen-deficient biomass carbonization device and its usage method, comprising several kilns, with a minimum of four kilns arranged in parallel. Multiple independent kilns are arranged in an array, each operating independently at different stages. The usage method includes processes such as feeding, drying, pyrolysis, cooling, and discharging, achieving multi-kiln staggered continuous production. This invention eliminates the pretreatment device and simplifies the feeding and discharging devices. Furthermore, the heating and cooling pipelines are shared, eliminating the need for additional cooling equipment. The overall device has a compact structure, high cooling efficiency, shortened production cycle, and significantly reduced overall production costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of biomass recycling, specifically to a parallel cold-heat cycle oxygen-deficient biomass carbonization device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Straw is a common agricultural waste, and the smoke from its burning causes serious environmental pollution. Biomass briquettes, on the other hand, are a new type of clean fuel made from agricultural and forestry waste through processes such as crushing, mixing, extrusion, and drying, resulting in various shapes (such as blocks and pellets) that can be directly burned. Biomass energy, a renewable energy source, represents a new industry that deeply develops and utilizes agricultural resources, turning agricultural by-products, residues, and waste into valuable resources. It also encompasses a complete industrial chain and technological system, including biomass production, processing and conversion, and the production and application of biomass energy products.

[0003] Currently, there is a growing consensus on the industrialized production of renewable energy, especially straw biochar, and the desire to develop it is becoming stronger. The goal is to fully utilize crop straw to produce straw biochar briquettes, realize the industrialized production of straw biochar briquettes, form the straw biochar briquette industry, and eventually move towards a biochar briquette industry cluster.

[0004] Through years of accumulated work experience, the applicant has discovered numerous technical deficiencies in existing straw carbonization equipment and processes: 1. Straw needs to be pre-crushed, which requires a large investment in crushing equipment, consumes a lot of energy, has high labor costs, and involves complicated procedures. For example, Chinese patents CN205933750U "A Straw Carbonization Processing Equipment" and CN223150502U "A Straw Carbonization Device" both utilize the principle of heating to carbonize straw. Both have a pre-treatment device before the carbonization furnace, which is a crushing device. The equipment investment is large and the energy consumption is high, which limits the promotion and application of biomass carbonization technology.

[0005] 2. Traditional carbonization equipment has two separate feeding and discharging mechanisms. Carbonization heating relies heavily on external energy consumption, while the cooling process waits for natural cooling, which is not only time-consuming but also results in the loss of a large amount of heat energy, causing energy waste. Even if a cooling device is used, cooling and heating are still operated by two different devices and systems, resulting in poor operational continuity.

[0006] 3. Traditional carbonization equipment has low thermal energy utilization rate and cannot effectively utilize the heat generated by the pyrolysis of straw itself, resulting in high external heating energy consumption. Referring to the description in Chinese Patent CN223150502U "A Straw Carbonization Device" that "the burner 3 is connected to an external gas supply pipe 12, and in order to make the burner 3 burn more completely, air is supplemented through the gas supply pipe 12 to assist combustion, and the burner 3 is connected to an external gas pipe 4", it is clear that its carbonization process requires the use of gas, and all energy is supplied externally.

[0007] 4. Structurally speaking, traditional carbonization furnaces or kilns are prone to uneven heating, which can easily lead to problems such as local overburning, coking, and carbonization core formation. It is difficult to achieve stable quality in large-scale production. Some companies choose to install stainless steel plates on the inner wall of the carbonization furnace or kiln to overcome this difficulty by utilizing the high heat transfer efficiency and uniform heating characteristics of steel plates. However, steel plates are expensive and have a low cost-performance ratio.

[0008] 5. From the perspective of the production process, the pyrolysis flue gas in the biomass carbonization process is generally emitted directly, which easily causes pollution. There is a lack of integrated design that combines flue gas purification and reuse with energy conservation and environmental protection.

[0009] 6. After biomass carbonization is completed, the efficiency of natural cooling of the finished product is low, which leads to a longer production cycle.

[0010] In response to the above problems, the applicant, through multiple experiments, has overcome the aforementioned defects relatively completely by integrating the overall equipment and optimizing the production process. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The purpose of this invention is to provide a parallel-type cold and hot cycle oxygen-deficient biomass carbonization device and its usage method, to solve the six problems mentioned in the background art, and to achieve integrated overall device setup, independent operation of each kiln, refined operation, continuous operation, and large-scale production. Each kiln is uniformly connected to a common heating pipeline, a cooling waste heat recovery pipeline, and a main control line. The overall layout is compact and reasonable, facilitating centralized control, inspection, and maintenance. This ensures high efficiency of multiple kilns operating in parallel while retaining the flexibility of independent adjustment and start-up / shutdown of a single kiln, meeting the requirements for continuous and stable industrial production.

[0012] A parallel-type cold and hot cycle oxygen-deficient biomass carbonization device includes several kilns, with at least four kilns arranged in parallel. Multiple independent kilns are arranged in an array, each operating independently and capable of performing different stages of operation, including feeding, drying, pyrolysis, cooling, and discharging processes, thus achieving multi-kiln staggered continuous production.

[0013] The biomass is plant straw, such as reed straw, rice straw, corn straw, or wheat straw, which can be handled as a whole bale without prior crushing.

[0014] The system comprises several kiln bodies controlled by a combination of a heating system, a cooling system, a tail gas utilization system, and a preheating system.

[0015] Preferably, the inner wall of the kiln body in this invention is provided with a high-temperature nano-infrared reflective coating, and the outer surface of the kiln body is provided with a heat insulation layer.

[0016] The heating system comprises a thermal oil furnace, a circulating hot oil pump, and a hot draft fan. Several U-shaped pipes are installed inside the kiln, and these pipes are interconnected and evenly distributed throughout the kiln cavity. Each U-shaped pipe has an oil inlet and an oil outlet at its two ends. The thermal oil furnace is connected to both the inlet and outlet via conveying pipes. A circulating hot oil pump is installed on the conveying pipes, and the pump contains thermal oil. The circulating hot oil pump delivers the thermal oil to the inlet, circulates within the U-shaped heating pipes, and then returns to the thermal oil furnace from the outlet, thus achieving cyclical use of the heating system.

[0017] To achieve efficient use of pipelines, this invention focuses on sharing a single pipeline between the heating and cooling systems, as described below: The cooling system includes a cold oil pump and a cooling oil tank. The cooling system and the heating system share a U-shaped pipeline. The cold oil pump lifts the cooling oil from the cooling oil tank and delivers it to the U-shaped pipeline inside the kiln to achieve cooling within the kiln. After removing heat, the cooling oil enters another kiln cavity to achieve heating within that cavity, and finally returns to the cooling oil tank to cool down and await the next operating instruction.

[0018] To achieve the recovery and utilization of exhaust gas, the present invention is configured as follows: the exhaust gas utilization system includes an exhaust gas channel and a hot induced draft fan, and an exhaust gas purification device is installed between the exhaust gas channel and the hot induced draft fan. The exhaust gas channel consists of a groove opened at the bottom of the kiln body and a metal mesh cover plate installed above the groove. The exhaust gas channel collects exhaust gas in the kiln body. After passing through the exhaust gas purification device, the exhaust gas is sent to the thermal oil furnace by the hot induced draft fan and participates in combustion heating.

[0019] To achieve heat transfer between kilns at different operating stages, the present invention also includes a preheating system: the preheating system is set between adjacent kilns and includes a blower and connecting pipes. The kiln is provided with a preheating air inlet. The connecting pipes connect the preheating air inlets of different kilns with the exhaust chimney of the thermal oil furnace. The blower enables hot air exchange between different kilns.

[0020] To enable each kiln to start and stop independently, and to control temperature and pressure, without interfering with each other, multiple independent valves are installed between the parallel kilns and the heating system, cooling system, exhaust gas utilization system, and preheating system.

[0021] Furthermore, a further preferred embodiment of the present invention is: a direct-push feeding and discharging structure is provided on the kiln body, the direct-push feeding and discharging structure being able to support a whole bundle of straw.

[0022] Furthermore, another preferred embodiment of the present invention is that a 310S stainless steel reflector plate is provided on the inner wall of the kiln body.

[0023] Furthermore, a further preferred embodiment of the present invention is: an air inlet is provided on the kiln body, and the air inlet is connected to an inert gas source.

[0024] To monitor the temperature and pressure inside the kiln in real time, the present invention further provides several temperature measuring components on the kiln body to monitor the temperature at various points inside the kiln in real time, and several pressure measuring components on the kiln body to monitor the pressure inside the kiln in real time.

[0025] To control the air pressure inside the kiln in real time, the hot induced draft fan and the forced draft fan adopt an intelligent frequency conversion control system, which switches and stabilizes the air pressure in the kiln sections by adjusting the wind speed.

[0026] The exhaust gas purification device is a cyclone dust collector tank. Several inclined main baffles are installed inside the tank. The tank is equipped with an air inlet pipe interface and an air outlet pipe interface. The air inlet pipe interface is lower than the air outlet pipe interface. The air outlet pipe interface is located at the upper end of the tank. A cooling coil is installed on the tank. The cooling coil is coiled around the tank and circulating cooling water flows through the cooling coil. An impurity collection port is provided at the bottom of the exhaust gas purification device. The bottom of the impurity collection port can be opened outward.

[0027] A method for using an array-type cold-heat cycle oxygen-deficient biomass carbonization device is as follows: A. Feeding: Through the direct-push feeding and discharging structure, the whole clump of straw is directly pushed into the array kiln body. After the straw is in place, the kiln door is closed and locked to complete the full sealing of the kiln body. B. Negative pressure pre-drying: Start the thermal oil furnace to preheat the kiln body. At the same time, adjust the wind speed of the hot air blower through the intelligent frequency conversion control system to form a stable negative pressure state in the kiln body. Utilize the negative pressure to quickly and thoroughly remove free moisture and volatile gases from inside the straw, thus completing the pre-drying process. C. Micro-positive pressure pyrolysis carbonization: After pre-drying, adjust the speed of the hot air blower again, regulate the pressure inside the kiln, maintain a stable positive pressure state, and isolate the outside air from entering; continue to raise the temperature until the straw enters the pyrolysis and fission stage, triggering the self-heating mechanism. The straw itself releases heat through pyrolysis, maintaining a constant temperature inside the kiln. At the same time, the thermal oil furnace also provides some external heat. D. Flue gas purification and constant temperature thermal circulation: The combustible flue gas and volatile gas generated by pyrolysis in step C are collected through the tail gas channel at the bottom of the kiln and transported to the tail gas purification device for purification treatment. After removing impurities and pollutants, they are transported to the thermal oil furnace and mixed with the heat from the heating tube of the thermal oil furnace to form clean hot gas, which participates in the thermal circulation of the kiln and improves the thermal energy utilization rate. E. Closed-loop cooling of thermal oil: After the carbonization process is completed, the thermal oil furnace is stopped, the cooling system is switched, the cooling device is started, and cooling oil is introduced into the U-shaped pipe shared by the kiln. The heat in the kiln is evenly absorbed through the U-shaped pipe, and the kiln and carbonized products are cooled to room temperature. During the cooling process, inert gas is added to the kiln through the air inlet on the kiln to maintain a positive pressure state in the kiln and prevent oxygen from entering. F. After the carbonized product cools to room temperature, it is pushed out of the kiln body through a direct-push feeding and discharging structure to complete the carbonization process.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) In this invention, the pretreatment device is eliminated and the feeding and discharging device is simplified. The heating and cooling pipelines are shared, so there is no need to add additional cooling equipment. The overall device structure is compact, the cooling efficiency is high, the production cycle is shortened, and the overall production cost is greatly reduced. (2) The single-fan intelligent wind pressure control in this invention simplifies equipment configuration, provides precise and stable segmented wind pressure, and makes the carbonization environment more controllable; (3) Flue gas purification + internal heat circulation not only achieves the treatment of waste gas to meet standards, but also maximizes the recovery of heat energy, which is both energy-saving and environmentally friendly; (4) This device adopts an array kiln design, which can be started and stopped as needed, and operates flexibly. The individual device is heated evenly, reducing energy waste. The biochar quality is stable and the product qualification rate is high. (5) This invention is suitable for centralized processing of straw in rural areas, and can be quickly implemented for pilot-scale and large-scale production, with a high straw resource utilization rate. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall array structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the single kiln structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exhaust gas purification device in this invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Kiln body; 2. Cold oil pump; 3. Cooling oil tank; 4. Insulation layer; 5. Hot air blower; 6. Thermal oil furnace; 7. Circulating hot oil pump; 8. Tail gas purification device; 9. Air blower; 10. Tail gas passage; 11. Temperature measuring component; 12. U-shaped pipe; 13. Direct push feeding and discharging structure; 14. Preheating air inlet; 801 Main baffle; 802 Cooling coil; 803 Impurity collection port. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0033] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0034] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a parallel cold and hot cycle oxygen-deficient biomass carbonization device, comprising a plurality of kilns 1, with at least two kilns 1 arranged in parallel. The kilns 1 are controlled by a combination of a heating system, a cooling system, a tail gas utilization system, and a preheating system. The inner wall of each kiln 1 is coated with a high-temperature nano-infrared reflective coating, and the outer surface of each kiln 1 is coated with a heat insulation layer 4.

[0035] The heating system comprises a thermal oil furnace 6, a circulating hot oil pump 7, and a hot draft fan 5. Several U-shaped pipes 12 are arranged inside the kiln body 1. The U-shaped pipes 12 are interconnected and evenly distributed inside the kiln body 1. The first and last ends of each U-shaped pipe 12 are respectively provided with an oil inlet and an oil outlet. The thermal oil furnace 6 is connected to the oil inlet and the oil outlet through a conveying pipe. The circulating hot oil pump 7 is installed on the conveying pipe. The circulating hot oil pump 7 contains thermal oil. The circulating hot oil pump 7 delivers the thermal oil to the oil inlet. After circulating in the U-shaped heating pipes 12, it returns to the thermal oil furnace 6 from the oil outlet, realizing the cyclic use of the heating system.

[0036] The cooling system includes a cold oil pump 2 and a cooling oil tank 3. The cooling system and the heating system share a U-shaped pipe 12. The cold oil pump 2 lifts the cooling oil in the cooling oil tank 3 and sends it to the U-shaped pipe 12 inside the kiln body 1 to achieve cooling inside the kiln body 1. After taking away the heat, the cooling oil enters another kiln body 1 cavity to achieve heating inside the cavity. Finally, it returns to the cooling oil tank 3 to cool down and wait for the next operation instruction.

[0037] The exhaust gas utilization system includes an exhaust gas channel 10 and a hot draft fan 5. An exhaust gas purification device 8 is installed between the exhaust gas channel 10 and the hot draft fan 5. The exhaust gas channel 10 consists of a groove opened at the bottom of the kiln body 1 and a metal mesh cover plate installed above the groove. The exhaust gas channel 10 collects the exhaust gas in the kiln body 1. After passing through the exhaust gas purification device 8, the exhaust gas is sent to the thermal oil furnace 6 by the hot draft fan 5 and participates in combustion heating.

[0038] The preheating system is set between adjacent kiln bodies 1 and includes a blower 9 and connecting pipes. A preheating air inlet 14 is provided on the kiln body 1. The connecting pipes connect the preheating air inlets 14 of different kiln bodies 1 with the exhaust chimney of the thermal oil furnace 6. Hot air exchange between different kiln bodies 1 is realized through the blower 9.

[0039] The parallel kiln bodies 1 are connected to the heating system, cooling system, exhaust gas utilization system and preheating system by multiple independent valves. Each kiln body 1 can be started, stopped, temperature controlled and pressure controlled independently, and the kiln bodies 1 do not interfere with each other.

[0040] The kiln body 1 is equipped with a direct-push feeding and discharging structure 13, which can support whole bundles of straw.

[0041] The inner wall of the kiln body 1 is equipped with a 310S stainless steel reflector.

[0042] The kiln body 1 is provided with an air supply port, which is connected to an inert gas source, and the inert gas is nitrogen.

[0043] Several temperature measuring components 11 are installed on the kiln body 1 to monitor the temperature at various points inside the kiln body 1 in real time. Several pressure measuring components are installed on the kiln body 1 to monitor the air pressure inside the kiln body 1 in real time.

[0044] Several observation ports are also provided on the kiln body 1, which can be used to directly observe changes in the material morphology.

[0045] The hot induced draft fan 5 and the forced draft fan 9 adopt an intelligent frequency conversion control system, which switches and stabilizes the segmented air pressure in the kiln by adjusting the wind speed.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, the exhaust gas purification device 8 is a cyclone dust collector tank. Several inclined main baffles 801 are provided inside the tank. The tank is provided with an air inlet pipe interface and an air outlet pipe interface. The air inlet pipe interface is lower than the air outlet pipe interface. The air outlet pipe interface is located at the upper end of the tank. A cooling coil 802 is provided on the tank. The cooling coil 802 is coiled around the tank. Circulating cooling water flows through the cooling coil 802. An impurity collection port 803 is provided at the bottom of the exhaust gas purification device 8. The bottom of the impurity collection port 803 can be opened outward.

[0047] The U-shaped pipe is made of DN25 seamless steel pipe.

[0048] The method of using an array-type cold-heat cycle oxygen-deficient biomass carbonization device is as follows: A. Feeding: The whole clump of straw is directly pushed into the array kiln body 1 through the direct push feeding and discharging structure 13. After the straw is in place, the kiln door is closed and locked to complete the full sealing of the kiln body. B. Negative pressure pre-drying: Start the thermal oil furnace 6 to preheat the kiln body 1. At the same time, adjust the wind speed of the hot air blower 5 through the intelligent frequency conversion control system to form a stable negative pressure state in the kiln body 1. Use the negative pressure to quickly and thoroughly remove the free moisture and volatile gases inside the straw to complete the pre-drying. C. Micro-positive pressure pyrolysis carbonization: After pre-drying, adjust the wind speed of the hot blower 5 again, regulate the pressure inside the kiln, maintain a stable positive pressure state, and isolate the outside air from entering; continue to raise the temperature until the straw enters the pyrolysis and fission stage, triggering the self-heating mechanism. The straw itself pyrolyzes and releases heat to maintain a constant temperature inside the kiln. At the same time, the thermal oil furnace 6 also provides some external heat. D. Flue gas purification and constant temperature thermal circulation: The combustible flue gas and volatile gas generated by pyrolysis in step C are collected through the tail gas channel 10 at the bottom of the kiln body 1 and transported to the tail gas purification device 8 for purification treatment. After removing impurities and pollutants, they are transported to the thermal oil furnace 6 and mixed with the heat from the heating tube of the thermal oil furnace 6 to form clean hot gas, which participates in the thermal circulation of the kiln body 1 and improves the thermal energy utilization rate. E. Closed-loop cooling of heat transfer oil: After the carbonization process is completed, the heat transfer oil furnace 6 is stopped, the cooling system is switched, the cooling device is started, and cooling oil is introduced into the U-shaped pipe 12 shared in the kiln body 1. The heat in the kiln body 1 is evenly absorbed through the U-shaped pipe 12, and the kiln body 1 and the carbonized finished product are cooled to room temperature. During the cooling process, inert gas is added to the kiln body 1 through the air inlet on the kiln body 1 to maintain a positive pressure state in the kiln body 1 and prevent oxygen from entering. F. After the carbonized product cools to room temperature, it is pushed out of the kiln body 1 through the direct-push feeding and discharging structure 13 to complete the carbonization process.

[0049] Contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art. Standard parts used in this invention can be purchased commercially, and irregularly shaped parts can be custom-made according to the description and drawings. The specific connection methods for each part all employ conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, and welding, which are already mature technologies. The machinery, parts, and equipment all use conventional models from the prior art, and the circuit connections also employ conventional connection methods from the prior art, which will not be detailed here.

[0050] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A parallel-type cold and hot cycle oxygen-deficient biomass carbonization device, comprising a plurality of kilns (1), wherein the number of kilns (1) is at least two, and the plurality of kilns (1) are arranged in parallel, characterized in that: The kiln body (1) is controlled by a combination of a heating system, a cooling system, a tail gas utilization system and a preheating system; The inner wall of the kiln body (1) is provided with a high-temperature nano infrared reflective coating, and the outer surface of the kiln body (1) is provided with a heat insulation layer. The heating system comprises a thermal oil furnace (6), a circulating hot oil pump (7), and a hot draft fan (5). Several U-shaped pipes (12) are installed inside the kiln body (1). The U-shaped pipes (12) are connected to each other and evenly distributed in the inner cavity of the kiln body (1). The first and last ends of the U-shaped pipes (12) are respectively provided with oil inlets and oil outlets. The thermal oil furnace (6) is connected to the oil inlets and oil outlets through conveying pipes. A circulating hot oil pump (7) is installed on the conveying pipes. Thermal oil is installed inside the circulating hot oil pump (7). The circulating hot oil pump (7) delivers the thermal oil to the oil inlet. After circulating in the U-shaped heating pipes (12), it returns to the thermal oil furnace (6) from the oil outlet, realizing the cyclic use of the heating system. The cooling system includes a cold oil pump (2) and a cooling oil tank (3). The cooling system and the heating system share a U-shaped pipe (12). The cold oil pump (2) lifts the cooling oil in the cooling oil tank (3) into the U-shaped pipe (12) inside the kiln body (1) to achieve cooling inside the kiln body (1). After taking away the heat, the cooling oil enters another kiln body (1) cavity to achieve heating inside the cavity. Finally, it returns to the cooling oil tank (3) to cool down and waits for the next operation instruction. The exhaust gas utilization system includes an exhaust gas channel (10) and a hot draft fan (5). An exhaust gas purification device (8) is installed between the exhaust gas channel (10) and the hot draft fan (5). The exhaust gas channel (10) consists of a groove opened at the bottom of the kiln body (1) and a metal mesh cover plate installed above the groove. The exhaust gas channel (10) collects the exhaust gas in the kiln body (1). After passing through the exhaust gas purification device (8), the exhaust gas is sent to the thermal oil furnace (6) by the hot draft fan (5) and participates in combustion heating. The preheating system is set between adjacent kiln bodies (1) and includes a blower (9) and connecting pipes. A preheating air inlet (14) is provided on the kiln body (1). The connecting pipe connects the preheating air inlet (14) of different kiln bodies (1) with the end of the exhaust gas channel (10). The blower (9) enables the exchange of hot air between different kiln bodies (1). The parallel kiln bodies (1) are equipped with multiple independent valves between the heating system, cooling system, exhaust gas utilization system and preheating system. Each kiln body (1) can independently start and stop, control temperature and pressure, and the kiln bodies (1) do not interfere with each other.

2. The parallel-type cold and hot cycle oxygen-deficient biomass carbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The kiln body (1) is provided with a direct-push feeding and discharging structure (13), which can carry a whole bundle of straw.

3. The parallel-type cold and hot cycle oxygen-deficient biomass carbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the kiln body (1) is provided with a 310S stainless steel reflector plate.

4. The array-type cold and hot cycle oxygen-deficient biomass carbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The kiln body (1) is provided with an air supply port, which is connected to an inert gas source.

5. The array-type cold and hot cycle oxygen-deficient biomass carbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several temperature measuring components (11) are installed on the kiln body (1) to monitor the temperature at various points inside the kiln body (1) in real time. Several pressure measuring components are installed on the kiln body (1) to monitor the air pressure inside the kiln body (1) in real time.

6. The array-type cold and hot cycle oxygen-deficient biomass carbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot induced draft fan (5) and the forced draft fan (9) adopt an intelligent frequency conversion control system, which switches and stabilizes the segmented air pressure in the kiln by adjusting the wind speed.

7. The array-type cold and hot cycle oxygen-deficient biomass carbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust gas purification device (8) is a cyclone dust collector tank. Several inclined main baffles (801) are provided inside the tank. The tank is provided with an air inlet pipe interface and an air outlet pipe interface. The air inlet pipe interface is lower than the air outlet pipe interface. The air outlet pipe interface is located at the upper end of the tank. A cooling coil (802) is provided on the tank. The cooling coil (802) is coiled around the tank. Circulating cooling water flows through the cooling coil (802). An impurity collection port (803) is provided at the bottom of the exhaust gas purification device (8). The bottom of the impurity collection port (803) can be opened outward.

8. A method of using an array-type cold-heat cycle oxygen-deficient biomass carbonization device, characterized in that: The usage method is as follows: A. Feeding: Through the direct-push feeding and discharging structure (13), the whole clump of straw is directly pushed into the array-type kiln body (1) by the direct-push method. After the straw is in place, the kiln door is closed and locked to complete the full sealing of the kiln body. B. Negative pressure pre-drying: Start the heat transfer oil furnace (6) to preheat the kiln body (1). At the same time, adjust the wind speed of the hot air blower (5) through the intelligent frequency conversion control system to form a stable negative pressure state in the kiln body (1). Use the negative pressure to quickly and thoroughly discharge the free moisture and volatile gases inside the straw to complete the pre-drying. C. Micro-positive pressure pyrolysis carbonization: After the pre-drying is completed, the wind speed of the hot blower (5) is adjusted again to regulate the pressure inside the kiln and maintain a stable positive pressure state to prevent outside air from entering; continue to raise the temperature until the straw enters the pyrolysis and fission stage, triggering the self-heating mechanism. The straw itself releases heat through pyrolysis to maintain a constant temperature inside the kiln. At the same time, the thermal oil furnace (6) also provides some external heat. D. Flue gas purification and constant temperature heat circulation: The combustible flue gas and volatile gas generated by pyrolysis in step C are collected through the tail gas channel (10) at the bottom of the kiln body (1) and transported to the tail gas purification device (8) for purification treatment. After removing impurities and pollutants, they are transported to the thermal oil furnace (6) and mixed with the heat of the heating tube of the thermal oil furnace (6) to form clean hot gas, which participates in the heat circulation of the kiln body (1) and improves the heat energy utilization rate. E. Closed-loop cooling of heat transfer oil: After the carbonization process is completed, the heat transfer oil furnace (6) is stopped, the cooling system is switched, the cooling device is started, and cooling oil is introduced into the U-shaped pipe (12) shared in the kiln body (1). The heat inside the kiln body (1) is evenly absorbed through the U-shaped pipe (12), and the kiln body (1) and the carbonized finished product are cooled to room temperature. During the cooling process, inert gas is added to the kiln body (1) through the air inlet on the kiln body (1) to maintain a positive pressure state inside the kiln body (1) and prevent oxygen from entering. F. After the carbonized product cools to room temperature, the carbonized product is pushed out of the kiln body (1) through the direct push feeding and discharging structure (13) to complete the carbonization process.

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