A SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material based on PS microsphere template and its preparation method
By constructing a three-dimensional photonic crystal material of SnO2/NiO and utilizing PS microsphere templates and pn heterojunctions, the problems of slow response speed and insufficient selectivity of pure SnO2-based gas-sensitive materials were solved, achieving rapid response and high-sensitivity detection of acetone gas.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NORTHEASTERN UNIV AT QINHUANGDAO
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-30
AI Technical Summary
Existing pure SnO2-based gas-sensitive materials have a slow response speed and insufficient selectivity when rapidly detecting acetone gas, making it difficult to meet the needs of rapid detection.
By constructing a three-dimensional photonic crystal material of SnO2/NiO, a three-dimensional ordered structure was built using PS microsphere templates, and NiO was introduced into SnO2 to form a pn heterojunction. The molar ratio of Sn to Ni was controlled to optimize the gas response performance of the material.
It significantly shortens the gas response/recovery time and improves the sensitivity and selectivity to acetone gas, making it suitable for rapid detection scenarios.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of gas sensing materials and devices, specifically relating to a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material based on polystyrene (PS) microsphere templates, its preparation method, and its application in acetone gas detection. Background Technology
[0002] Acetone, a common volatile organic gas, is of great significance for rapid and accurate detection in industrial process control, environmental monitoring, and disease diagnosis. While existing pure SnO2-based gas-sensitive materials can respond to acetone, their response speed remains insufficient, especially in rapid detection scenarios, and further optimization is needed.
[0003] Metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors are widely used in gas detection due to their high sensitivity and simple fabrication process. SnO2 is a typical n-type MOS material, possessing advantages such as relatively simple fabrication process, low cost, and chemical stability. Due to its advantages such as good performance, SnO2-based gas-sensitive materials are widely used in the field of gas sensing. However, traditional SnO2-based gas-sensitive materials generally suffer from problems such as slow response / recovery speed and insufficient selectivity.
[0004] Constructing three-dimensional ordered structures (such as photonic crystal structures) and introducing heterojunctions (such as pn junctions) have proven to be effective means of improving gas-sensing performance. Among them, the PS microsphere template method can construct three-dimensional ordered materials with periodic porous structures, while NiO, as a p-type semiconductor, forms a heterojunction with n-type SnO2, which helps to regulate carrier transport behavior and improve gas-sensing performance, providing a new approach for the preparation of novel acetone gas sensors. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material and its preparation method. By adjusting the molar ratio of Sn to Ni, the gas response time is effectively shortened, and the detection performance of acetone gas is improved. This invention also provides a gas-sensitive element based on this material and its application in rapid acetone detection. The SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal composite material with a Sn:Ni molar ratio of 3:1 exhibits a response value of 9.60 and a response time of 176 s for 100 ppm acetone, while the pure SnO2 sample shows a response value of 7.84 and a response time of 207 s. This indicates that the introduction of NiO not only improves the rapid response capability of SnO2 to acetone but also enhances the sensitivity. Furthermore, combined with concentration tests, selectivity tests, and tests at different operating temperatures, it is evident that the SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal material has good application potential in acetone detection, especially suitable for rapid detection scenarios requiring high response speeds.
[0006] Technical solution
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A method for preparing a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material based on a PS microsphere template includes the following steps: ① Pre-treatment of the glass slides. The glass slides are ultrasonically cleaned, and then cleaned with water and ethanol respectively to remove surface impurities.
[0008] ② Add PS microsphere dispersion to the surface of the pretreated glass slide, and construct a PS microsphere template layer on the surface of the glass slide by natural air drying or low temperature drying. The diameter of the PS microspheres is 50~500 nm, and the mass fraction of the PS microsphere dispersion is 1%~18%.
[0009] ③ Weigh and dispense SnCl2·2H2O and NiCl2·6H2O according to a set ratio, dissolve them in ethanol, and use ultrasound-assisted dissolution to obtain precursor solutions with different Sn-Ni ratios. The molar ratio of Sn to Ni is 1:0 to 10:1.
[0010] ④ The precursor solution is dropped onto the surface of the PS microsphere template layer and allowed to stand and dry naturally or at low temperature to evaporate the solvent and form a precursor composite layer; ⑤ Further, the precursor composite layer is calcined to remove the PS template and form a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal structure; Preferably, the calcination temperature is 300~800 °C and the calcination time is 0.5~24 h.
[0011] The obtained material was loaded as a sensitive layer onto the substrate of a gas-sensitive device for acetone gas detection.
[0012] This invention provides a method for preparing SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive materials and their application in acetone sensing.
[0013] Beneficial effects
[0014] Compared with existing pure Sn-based gas-sensitive materials, this invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The construction of a three-dimensional photonic crystal structure using PS microsphere templates significantly increases the specific surface area and gas diffusion channels; the formation of a pn heterojunction between SnO2 (n-type) and NiO (p-type) enhances the interfacial charge regulation capability; and the gas response / recovery time is effectively shortened by controlling the Sn / Ni molar ratio. Specifically, the Sn:Ni molar ratio of 3:1 sample showed a recovery time of 176 s at 200°C and 100 ppm acetone, significantly shorter than the 207 s of the pure SnO2 sample, indicating that the combination with NiO is beneficial for improving the rapid response / recovery capability of SnO2-based materials to acetone. Within a certain concentration range, the material exhibits a response to acetone that increases with increasing concentration, demonstrating good concentration dependence. Furthermore, the material exhibits a certain selectivity for acetone, showing potential for rapid acetone detection and possessing good application value and development prospects. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a scanning electron microscope image of a pure SnO2 sample.
[0017] Figure 2 The response-recovery curve of a pure SnO2 sample to 100 ppm acetone is shown.
[0018] Figure 3 The response-recovery curves of a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal structure with a Sn:Ni molar ratio of 1:1 to 100 ppm acetone are shown.
[0019] Figure 4 The response-recovery curves of a three-dimensional photonic crystal structure of SnO2 / NiO with a Sn:Ni molar ratio of 3:1 to 100 ppm acetone are shown.
[0020] Figure 5 The figure shows the selective response of the SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal structure with a Sn:Ni molar ratio of 3:1 to different gases.
[0021] Figure 6 The graph shows the response of a three-dimensional photonic crystal structure of SnO2 / NiO with a Sn:Ni molar ratio of 3:1 to different concentrations of acetone.
[0022] Figure 7 The graph shows the continuous cyclic test curves of the SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal structure with a Sn:Ni molar ratio of 3:1 under the conditions of 200°C and 100 ppm acetone.
[0023] Figure 8 The response-recovery curves of a three-dimensional photonic crystal structure of SnO2 / NiO with a Sn:Ni molar ratio of 4:1 to 100 ppm acetone are shown.
[0024] Figure 9 The graph shows the relationship between the recovery time of different concentrations of acetone and the SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal structure.
[0025] Figure 10 The graph shows the response time relationship of the SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal structure to different concentrations of acetone. Detailed Implementation
[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
[0028] Example 1: The purpose of this invention is to provide a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material and its preparation method. In this embodiment, the Sn:Ni molar ratio is 1:0, and the specific steps include the following: A method for preparing a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material based on a PS microsphere template includes the following steps: ① Pre-treatment of the glass slides. The glass slides are ultrasonically cleaned, and then cleaned with water and ethanol respectively to remove surface impurities.
[0029] ② PS microsphere dispersion was dropped onto the surface of the pretreated glass slide, and a PS microsphere template layer was constructed on the surface of the glass slide by natural air drying or low temperature drying. The diameter of the PS microspheres was 100 nm and the mass fraction of the PS microsphere dispersion was 2.5%.
[0030] ③ Weigh and dispense SnCl2·2H2O and NiCl2·6H2O at a set molar ratio of 1:0, add 30 mL of ethanol to dissolve, and use ultrasound to assist dissolution to obtain precursor solutions with different Sn-Ni ratios.
[0031] ④ The precursor solution is dropped onto the surface of the PS microsphere template layer and allowed to stand and dry naturally or at low temperature to evaporate the solvent and form a precursor composite layer; ⑤ Further, the precursor composite layer is calcined in a muffle furnace at 600 °C for 4 h to remove the PS template and form a SnO2 three-dimensional photonic crystal structure; The obtained material was loaded as a sensitive layer onto the substrate of a gas-sensitive device for acetone gas detection.
[0032] The scanning electron microscope image of the SnO2 three-dimensional photonic crystal structure is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the SnO2 three-dimensional photonic crystal structure prepared in this embodiment is an ordered porous structure with a large specific surface area, which is beneficial for the diffusion and adsorption of gas molecules. The response-recovery curve of the SnO2 three-dimensional photonic crystal to 100 ppm acetone is shown in the figure. Figure 2 As shown.
[0033] Example 2: The purpose of this invention is to provide a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material and its preparation method. In this embodiment, the Sn:Ni molar ratio is 1:1, and the specific steps include the following: A method for preparing a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material based on a PS microsphere template includes the following steps: ① Pre-treatment of the glass slides. The glass slides are ultrasonically cleaned, and then cleaned with water and ethanol respectively to remove surface impurities.
[0034] ② PS microsphere dispersion was dropped onto the surface of the pretreated glass slide, and a PS microsphere template layer was constructed on the surface of the glass slide by natural air drying or low temperature drying. The diameter of the PS microspheres was 100 nm and the mass fraction of the PS microsphere dispersion was 2.5%.
[0035] ③ Weigh and dispense SnCl2·2H2O and NiCl2·6H2O in a 1:1 molar ratio, add 30 mL of ethanol to dissolve, and use ultrasound to assist dissolution to obtain precursor solutions with different Sn-Ni ratios.
[0036] ④ The precursor solution is dropped onto the surface of the PS microsphere template layer and allowed to stand and dry naturally or at low temperature to evaporate the solvent and form a precursor composite layer; ⑤ Further, the precursor composite layer is calcined in a muffle furnace at 600 °C for 2 h to remove the PS template and form a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal structure; The obtained material was loaded as a sensitive layer onto the substrate of a gas-sensitive device for acetone gas detection.
[0037] The response-recovery curve of the flower-like SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal structure to 100 ppm acetone is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.
[0038] Example 3: The purpose of this invention is to provide a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material and its preparation method. In this embodiment, the Sn:Ni molar ratio is 3:1, and the specific steps include the following: A method for preparing a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material based on a PS microsphere template includes the following steps: ① Pre-treatment of the glass slides. The glass slides are ultrasonically cleaned, and then cleaned with water and ethanol respectively to remove surface impurities.
[0039] ② PS microsphere dispersion was dropped onto the surface of the pretreated glass slide, and a PS microsphere template layer was constructed on the surface of the glass slide by natural air drying or low temperature drying. The diameter of the PS microspheres was 100 nm and the mass fraction of the PS microsphere dispersion was 2.5%.
[0040] ③ Weigh and dispense SnCl2·2H2O and NiCl2·6H2O in a set molar ratio of 3:1, add 30 mL of ethanol to dissolve, and use ultrasound to assist dissolution to obtain precursor solutions with different Sn-Ni ratios.
[0041] ④ The precursor solution is dropped onto the surface of the PS microsphere template layer and allowed to stand and dry naturally or at low temperature to evaporate the solvent and form a precursor composite layer; ⑤ Further, the precursor composite layer is calcined in a muffle furnace at 600 °C for 3 h to remove the PS template and form a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal structure; The obtained material was loaded as a sensitive layer onto the substrate of a gas-sensitive device for acetone gas detection.
[0042] The response-recovery curve of the flower-like SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal structure to 100 ppm acetone is as follows: Figure 4 As shown. Figure 5 The diagram shows the selective response of the SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal structure with a Sn:Ni molar ratio of 3:1 to different gases, indicating that the SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal structure disclosed in this invention has good selectivity for acetone. Figure 6 The graph shows the response of the SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal structure with a Sn:Ni molar ratio of 3:1 to different concentrations of acetone, indicating that the SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal structure disclosed in this invention can have good linearity in response to acetone. Figure 7 The figure shows the continuous cyclic test curves of the SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal structure with a Sn:Ni molar ratio of 3:1 under the conditions of 200°C and 100 ppm acetone, indicating that the SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal structure disclosed in this invention has good reproducibility in response to acetone.
[0043] Example 4: The purpose of this invention is to provide a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material and its preparation method. In this embodiment, the Sn:Ni molar ratio is 4:1, and the specific steps include the following: A method for preparing a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material based on a PS microsphere template includes the following steps: ① Pre-treatment of the glass slides. The glass slides are ultrasonically cleaned, and then cleaned with water and ethanol respectively to remove surface impurities.
[0044] ② PS microsphere dispersion was dropped onto the surface of the pretreated glass slide, and a PS microsphere template layer was constructed on the surface of the glass slide by natural air drying or low temperature drying. The diameter of the PS microspheres was 100 nm and the mass fraction of the PS microsphere dispersion was 2.5%.
[0045] ③ Weigh and dispense SnCl2·2H2O and NiCl2·6H2O in a set molar ratio of 4:1, add 30 mL of ethanol to dissolve, and use ultrasound to assist dissolution to obtain precursor solutions with different Sn-Ni ratios.
[0046] ④ The precursor solution is dropped onto the surface of the PS microsphere template layer and allowed to stand and dry naturally or at low temperature to evaporate the solvent and form a precursor composite layer; ⑤ Further, the precursor composite layer is calcined in a muffle furnace at 600 °C for 4 h to remove the PS template and form a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal structure; The obtained material was loaded as a sensitive layer onto the substrate of a gas-sensitive device for acetone gas detection.
[0047] The response-recovery curve of the flower-like SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal structure to 100 ppm acetone is as follows: Figure 5 As shown.
[0048] Example 5: The purpose of this invention is to provide a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material and its preparation method. In this embodiment, the Sn:Ni molar ratio is 8:1, and the specific steps include the following: A method for preparing a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material based on a PS microsphere template includes the following steps: ① Pre-treatment of the glass slides. The glass slides are ultrasonically cleaned, and then cleaned with water and ethanol respectively to remove surface impurities.
[0049] ② PS microsphere dispersion was dropped onto the surface of the pretreated glass slide, and a PS microsphere template layer was constructed on the surface of the glass slide by natural air drying or low temperature drying. The diameter of the PS microspheres was 100 nm and the mass fraction of the PS microsphere dispersion was 2.5%.
[0050] ③ Weigh and dispense SnCl2·2H2O and NiCl2·6H2O at a set molar ratio of 8:1, add 30 mL of ethanol to dissolve, and use ultrasound to assist dissolution to obtain precursor solutions with different Sn-Ni ratios.
[0051] ④ The precursor solution is dropped onto the surface of the PS microsphere template layer and allowed to stand and dry naturally or at low temperature to evaporate the solvent and form a precursor composite layer; ⑤ Further, the precursor composite layer is calcined in a muffle furnace at 600 °C for 5 h to remove the PS template and form a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal structure; The obtained material was loaded as a sensitive layer onto the substrate of a gas-sensitive device for acetone gas detection.
[0052] Example 6: The purpose of this invention is to provide a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material and its preparation method. In this embodiment, the Sn:Ni molar ratio is 10:1, and the specific steps include the following: A method for preparing a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material based on a PS microsphere template includes the following steps: ① Pre-treatment of the glass slides. The glass slides are ultrasonically cleaned, and then cleaned with water and ethanol respectively to remove surface impurities.
[0053] ② PS microsphere dispersion was dropped onto the surface of the pretreated glass slide, and a PS microsphere template layer was constructed on the surface of the glass slide by natural air drying or low temperature drying. The diameter of the PS microspheres was 100 nm and the mass fraction of the PS microsphere dispersion was 2.5%.
[0054] ③ Weigh and dispense SnCl2·2H2O and NiCl2·6H2O at a set molar ratio of 10:1, add 30 mL of ethanol to dissolve, and use ultrasound to assist dissolution to obtain precursor solutions with different Sn-Ni ratios.
[0055] ④ The precursor solution is dropped onto the surface of the PS microsphere template layer and allowed to stand and dry naturally or at low temperature to evaporate the solvent and form a precursor composite layer; ⑤ Further, the precursor composite layer is calcined in a muffle furnace at 600 °C for 6 h to remove the PS template and form a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal structure; The obtained material was loaded as a sensitive layer onto the substrate of a gas-sensitive device for acetone gas detection.
[0056] Example 7: The purpose of this invention is to provide a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material and its preparation method. In this embodiment, the diameter of the PS microspheres is 180 nm, and the specific steps include the following: A method for preparing a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material based on a PS microsphere template includes the following steps: ① Pre-treatment of the glass slides. The glass slides are ultrasonically cleaned, and then cleaned with water and ethanol respectively to remove surface impurities.
[0057] ② PS microsphere dispersion was dropped onto the surface of the pretreated glass slide, and a PS microsphere template layer was constructed on the surface of the glass slide by natural air drying or low temperature drying. The diameter of the PS microspheres was 180 nm and the mass fraction of the PS microsphere dispersion was 2.5%.
[0058] ③ Weigh and dispense SnCl2·2H2O and NiCl2·6H2O at a set molar ratio of 8:1, add 30 mL of ethanol to dissolve, and use ultrasound to assist dissolution to obtain precursor solutions with different Sn-Ni ratios.
[0059] ④ The precursor solution is dropped onto the surface of the PS microsphere template layer and allowed to stand and dry naturally or at low temperature to evaporate the solvent and form a precursor composite layer; ⑤ Further, the precursor composite layer is calcined in a muffle furnace at 750 °C for 7 h to remove the PS template and form a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal structure; The obtained material was loaded as a sensitive layer onto the substrate of a gas-sensitive device for acetone gas detection.
[0060] Example 8: The purpose of this invention is to provide a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material and its preparation method. In this embodiment, the diameter of the PS microspheres is 350 nm, and the specific steps include the following: A method for preparing a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material based on a PS microsphere template includes the following steps: ① Pre-treatment of the glass slides. The glass slides are ultrasonically cleaned, and then cleaned with water and ethanol respectively to remove surface impurities.
[0061] ② PS microsphere dispersion was dropped onto the surface of the pretreated glass slide, and a PS microsphere template layer was constructed on the surface of the glass slide by natural air drying or low temperature drying. The diameter of the PS microspheres was 350 nm and the mass fraction of the PS microsphere dispersion was 2.5%.
[0062] ③ Weigh and dispense SnCl2·2H2O and NiCl2·6H2O at a set molar ratio of 8:1, add 30 mL of ethanol to dissolve, and use ultrasound to assist dissolution to obtain precursor solutions with different Sn-Ni ratios.
[0063] ④ The precursor solution is dropped onto the surface of the PS microsphere template layer and allowed to stand and dry naturally or at low temperature to evaporate the solvent and form a precursor composite layer; ⑤ Further, the precursor composite layer is calcined in a muffle furnace at 400 °C for 10 h to remove the PS template and form a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal structure; The obtained material was loaded as a sensitive layer onto the substrate of a gas-sensitive device for acetone gas detection.
[0064] Example 9: The purpose of this invention is to provide a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material and its preparation method. In this embodiment, the diameter of the PS microspheres is 400 nm, and the specific steps include the following: A method for preparing a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material based on a PS microsphere template includes the following steps: ① Pre-treatment of the glass slides. The glass slides are ultrasonically cleaned, and then cleaned with water and ethanol respectively to remove surface impurities.
[0065] ② PS microsphere dispersion was dropped onto the surface of the pretreated glass slide, and a PS microsphere template layer was constructed on the surface of the glass slide by natural air drying or low temperature drying. The diameter of the PS microspheres was 400 nm and the mass fraction of the PS microsphere dispersion was 2.5%.
[0066] ③ Weigh and dispense SnCl2·2H2O and NiCl2·6H2O at a set molar ratio of 8:1, add 30 mL of ethanol to dissolve, and use ultrasound to assist dissolution to obtain precursor solutions with different Sn-Ni ratios.
[0067] ④ The precursor solution is dropped onto the surface of the PS microsphere template layer and allowed to stand and dry naturally or at low temperature to evaporate the solvent and form a precursor composite layer; ⑤ Further, the precursor composite layer is calcined in a muffle furnace at 600 °C for 14 h to remove the PS template and form a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal structure; The obtained material was loaded as a sensitive layer onto the substrate of a gas-sensitive device for acetone gas detection.
[0068] Example 10: The purpose of this invention is to provide a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material and its preparation method. In this embodiment, the mass fraction of the PS microsphere dispersion is 3%, and the specific steps include the following: A method for preparing a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material based on a PS microsphere template includes the following steps: ① Pre-treatment of the glass slides. The glass slides are ultrasonically cleaned, and then cleaned with water and ethanol respectively to remove surface impurities.
[0069] ② PS microsphere dispersion was dropped onto the surface of the pretreated glass slide, and a PS microsphere template layer was constructed on the surface of the glass slide by natural air drying or low temperature drying. The diameter of the PS microspheres was 180 nm and the mass fraction of the PS microsphere dispersion was 3%.
[0070] ③ Weigh and dispense SnCl2·2H2O and NiCl2·6H2O at a set molar ratio of 8:1, add 30 mL of ethanol to dissolve, and use ultrasound to assist dissolution to obtain precursor solutions with different Sn-Ni ratios.
[0071] ④ The precursor solution is dropped onto the surface of the PS microsphere template layer and allowed to stand and dry naturally or at low temperature to evaporate the solvent and form a precursor composite layer; ⑤ Further, the precursor composite layer is calcined in a muffle furnace at 650 °C for 4 h to remove the PS template and form a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal structure; The obtained material was loaded as a sensitive layer onto the substrate of a gas-sensitive device for acetone gas detection.
[0072] Example 11: The purpose of this invention is to provide a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material and its preparation method. In this embodiment, the mass fraction of the PS microsphere dispersion is 6%, and the specific steps include the following: A method for preparing a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material based on a PS microsphere template includes the following steps: ① Pre-treatment of the glass slides. The glass slides are ultrasonically cleaned, and then cleaned with water and ethanol respectively to remove surface impurities.
[0073] ② PS microsphere dispersion was dropped onto the surface of the pretreated glass slide, and a PS microsphere template layer was constructed on the surface of the glass slide by natural air drying or low temperature drying. The diameter of the PS microspheres was 180 nm and the mass fraction of the PS microsphere dispersion was 6%.
[0074] ③ Weigh and dispense SnCl2·2H2O and NiCl2·6H2O at a set molar ratio of 8:1, add 30 mL of ethanol to dissolve, and use ultrasound to assist dissolution to obtain precursor solutions with different Sn-Ni ratios.
[0075] ④ The precursor solution is dropped onto the surface of the PS microsphere template layer and allowed to stand and dry naturally or at low temperature to evaporate the solvent and form a precursor composite layer; ⑤ Further, the precursor composite layer is calcined in a muffle furnace at 700 °C for 16 h to remove the PS template and form a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal structure; The obtained material was loaded as a sensitive layer onto the substrate of a gas-sensitive device for acetone gas detection.
[0076] Example 12: The purpose of this invention is to provide a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material and its preparation method. In this embodiment, the mass fraction of the PS microsphere dispersion is 12%, and the specific steps include the following: A method for preparing a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material based on a PS microsphere template includes the following steps: ① Pre-treatment of the glass slides. The glass slides are ultrasonically cleaned, and then cleaned with water and ethanol respectively to remove surface impurities.
[0077] ② PS microsphere dispersion was dropped onto the surface of the pretreated glass slide, and a PS microsphere template layer was constructed on the surface of the glass slide by natural air drying or low temperature drying. The diameter of the PS microspheres was 180 nm and the mass fraction of the PS microsphere dispersion was 12%.
[0078] ③ Weigh and dispense SnCl2·2H2O and NiCl2·6H2O at a set molar ratio of 8:1, add 30 mL of ethanol to dissolve, and use ultrasound to assist dissolution to obtain precursor solutions with different Sn-Ni ratios.
[0079] ④ The precursor solution is dropped onto the surface of the PS microsphere template layer and allowed to stand and dry naturally or at low temperature to evaporate the solvent and form a precursor composite layer; ⑤ Further, the precursor composite layer is calcined in a muffle furnace at 800 °C for 20 h to remove the PS template and form a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal structure; The obtained material was loaded as a sensitive layer onto the substrate of a gas-sensitive device for acetone gas detection.
Claims
1. A method for preparing a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material based on a PS microsphere template, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) The glass slide was ultrasonically cleaned, and then washed with water and ethanol in sequence and dried. (2) A PS microsphere dispersion is dropped onto the surface of the glass slide and then air-dried or dried at low temperature to form a PS microsphere template layer; (3) SnCl2·2H2O and NiCl2·6H2O were added to ethanol at a set molar ratio and dissolved by ultrasonic treatment to obtain Sn-Ni precursor solution; (4) The precursor solution is dropped onto the surface of the PS microsphere template layer and dried to form a precursor composite layer; (5) The precursor composite layer is calcined to remove the PS microsphere template and form a SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal structure.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The molar ratio of Sn to Ni is 1:0 to 10:
1.
3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The molar ratio of Sn to Ni is 3:
1.
4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PS microspheres have a particle size of 50–500 nm.
5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass fraction of the PS microsphere dispersion is 1% to 18%.
6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calcination temperature is 300–800 °C, and the calcination time is 0.5–24 h.
7. A SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material, characterized in that, The material is prepared by the method described in any one of claims 1 to 6, and has a three-dimensional ordered porous structure and forms a pn heterojunction of SnO2 and NiO.
8. A gas-sensitive element, characterized in that, It includes a substrate and a sensitive layer disposed on the surface of the substrate, wherein the sensitive layer is the SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material as described in claim 7.
9. The application of the SnO2 / NiO three-dimensional photonic crystal gas-sensitive material according to claim 7 in acetone gas detection.
10. The application according to claim 9, characterized in that, The gas response time and recovery time can be shortened by adjusting the molar ratio of Sn to Ni.