A dredging and drainage mechanism and an urban fire and drainage vehicle

Abstract

This invention discloses a dredging and clearing mechanism in the field of dredging equipment technology, comprising a collection component, a drive mechanism, a solid conveying mechanism, and a sludge pumping mechanism. The collection component includes a guide rail bracket and a collection hopper slidably mounted on the guide rail bracket. The front end of the collection hopper is provided with shovel teeth, and a screening plate is provided inside the collection hopper, which divides the internal space of the collection hopper into an upper solid conveying chamber and a lower sludge conveying chamber. The drive mechanism is mounted on the guide rail bracket. The solid conveying mechanism is located behind the collection hopper. The sludge pumping mechanism is connected to the sludge conveying chamber and is used to extract sludge from the sludge conveying chamber. A city fire drainage vehicle includes a vehicle body and a dredging and clearing mechanism mounted on the vehicle body. This invention solves the problems of low efficiency in peeling off flexible debris close to the ground, easy blockage of the suction structure by large solids, and high post-disposal costs caused by mixed solid and liquid storage and transportation in existing equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dredging equipment technology, and in particular to a dredging and drainage mechanism and an urban fire and drainage vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] After heavy rain and rainfall, cities often accumulate large amounts of mud and silt on the roads, mixed with a lot of solid waste such as fallen leaves, plastic bags, and household garbage. These debris can easily stick to the surface of drainage grates, causing blockages and making it difficult to drain floodwater.

[0003] Existing urban dredging and drainage equipment mainly suffers from the following technical bottlenecks: 1. Low cleaning efficiency: Traditional dredging operations mostly rely on rigid pusher blades or rotary sweeper mechanisms. Under heavy rain conditions, flexible debris such as fallen leaves, plastic films, and packaging bags are tightly adhered to the road surface or drainage grid surface due to the combined effects of surface tension of water and downward pressure of accumulated water. This makes it difficult to be cleaned efficiently by machinery, affecting the rapid unblocking of sewers.

[0004] 2. Prone to clogging: Existing suction-type sludge removal vehicles or fire drainage pump sets mostly use direct negative pressure suction technology, lacking pre-treatment methods such as physical filtration and mechanical pretreatment. After a disaster, the random inclusion of large, heterogeneous solids such as stones, wood blocks, and fabrics in the sludge can easily cause blockages in the suction structure, thus delaying precious rescue opportunities.

[0005] 3. Difficulty in handling mixed solid and liquid materials: Existing equipment usually sucks sludge, water and solid waste into the storage tank without sorting during operation. The mixed storage and transportation of sludge and waste results in high sorting costs later.

[0006] Therefore, those skilled in the art have provided a dredging and drainage mechanism and an urban fire and drainage vehicle to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems of low efficiency in removing flexible debris from the ground, easy blockage of the suction structure caused by large solids, and high post-disposal costs due to the storage and transportation of mixed solids and liquids. This invention proposes a dredging and clearing mechanism and an urban fire and drainage vehicle.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a dredging and unblocking mechanism, comprising: The collection assembly includes a guide rail bracket and a collection hopper slidably mounted on the guide rail bracket. The front end of the collection hopper is provided with shovel teeth, and a screening plate is provided inside the collection hopper. The screening plate divides the internal space of the collection hopper into an upper solid conveying chamber and a lower sludge conveying chamber. A drive mechanism, mounted on a guide rail bracket, is used to drive the collection hopper to slide back and forth along the guide rail bracket; A solid conveying mechanism, located behind the collection hopper, is used to receive and convey solid impurities that have been screened out by the screening plate; A sludge pumping mechanism is connected to the sludge conveying chamber and is used to extract sludge from the sludge conveying chamber.

[0009] As a further description of the aforementioned dredging and clearing mechanism, it also includes: A material feeding assembly is disposed above the screening plate. When the material feeding assembly rotates, it is used to push the material trapped on the screening plate toward the solid conveying mechanism.

[0010] As a further description of the aforementioned dredging and clearing organization: The feeding assembly includes a support frame fixedly mounted on a guide rail bracket. At least two sets of rotating shafts are rotatably mounted on the support frame via bearing seats. A conveyor belt is sleeved between the two sets of rotating shafts. Several evenly arranged levers are provided on the outer surface of the conveyor belt.

[0011] As a further description of the aforementioned dredging and clearing organization: The top surface of the screening plate is integrally formed with several sets of equally spaced baffles. The top surface of the baffles is arranged in a slope that is inclined backward and upward, which is used to assist the material feeding assembly in guiding solid impurities to the solid conveying mechanism.

[0012] As a further description of the aforementioned dredging and clearing organization: The drive mechanism includes a first motor and a slide rail mounted on a guide rail bracket. Two sets of rotating rods are rotatably mounted on the top of the slide rail via bearing seats. The two sets of rotating rods are connected by a transmission assembly. The output end of the first motor is connected to one set of rotating rods via the transmission assembly, and the other set of rotating rods is connected to one set of rotating shafts via the transmission assembly. A turntable is fixedly installed at the end of the rotating rod, and a sliding bracket is slidably installed inside the slide rail. A guide post for pushing the sliding bracket to slide within the slide rail is fixedly provided on the turntable. The sliding bracket is connected to the side of the collection hopper through a hinged connecting rod.

[0013] As a further description of the aforementioned dredging and clearing organization: The guide rail bracket includes a retainer that is fixedly connected to the slide rail, the first motor, and the support frame. Multiple sets of equally spaced round rods are fixedly installed on the retainer. The round rods pass through the sludge conveying chamber and slide in cooperation with the collection bucket.

[0014] As a further description of the aforementioned dredging and clearing organization: The solid conveying mechanism includes a lifting frame and a chain conveyor belt disposed on the lifting frame. Several evenly arranged lifting buckets are detachably installed on the outer periphery of the chain conveyor belt.

[0015] As a further description of the aforementioned dredging and clearing organization: The sludge pumping mechanism includes a sludge suction pump, one end of which is connected to the sludge conveying chamber via an input pipe, and the other end of which is connected to an output pipe.

[0016] As a further description of the aforementioned dredging and clearing organization: The front end of the collection hopper is integrally formed with a collection cover in the shape of the number eight, and the bottom opening of the collection cover is provided with several outwardly extending shovel teeth.

[0017] A city fire and drainage vehicle includes a vehicle body and a dredging and clearing mechanism installed on the vehicle body. The front end of the vehicle body is connected to a guide rail bracket and a solid conveying mechanism. The sludge pumping mechanism is located at the bottom of the vehicle body. The vehicle body is equipped with a solid collection tank and a liquid collection tank. The solid collection tank is used to receive materials dumped by the solid conveying mechanism, and the liquid collection tank is used to store sludge conveyed by the sludge pumping mechanism.

[0018] In summary, due to the adoption of the above-mentioned dredging and clearing mechanism and urban fire and drainage vehicle, the beneficial effects of this invention are: The system features a screening plate inside the collection hopper, with shovel teeth at its front end, enabling highly efficient integration of dredging and solid-liquid separation, significantly improving the overall efficiency of urban emergency response. Firstly, the outward-extending shovel teeth at the front end, combined with their periodic lateral sliding motion, effectively solve the problem of traditional equipment struggling to remove flexible impurities (such as fallen leaves and plastic bags), facilitating rapid unblocking of drainage outlets clogged by silt and impurities on roads. Secondly, the built-in screening plate completes solid-liquid separation at the collection source, allowing the sludge pumping mechanism to handle only the filtered fine sludge, fundamentally eliminating impeller jamming, blade breakage, and pipeline blockage caused by large foreign objects, greatly reducing equipment maintenance costs and extending the service life of the core pump body. Finally, the integrated dual collection box system and chassis-type closed conveying layout optimize vehicle axle load distribution and operating center of gravity, achieving classified loading and zero-pollution transportation of waste, providing a highly safe and environmentally friendly functional vehicle for fire fighting and flood drainage in complex urban conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a first schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a second schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collecting components, guide rail bracket, and drive mechanism of the present invention. Figure 7 for Figure 6 The structure is shown in the first sectional view; Figure 8 for Figure 6 The structure is shown in the second sectional view.

[0020] Legend: 10. Collection assembly; 101. Collection hopper; 102. Shovel teeth; 103. Screening plate; 104. Collection cover; 11. Solid conveying chamber; 12. Sludge conveying chamber; 13. Baffle bar; 14. Vehicle body; 15. Solid collection box; 16. Liquid collection box; 20. Guide rail bracket; 201. Cage; 202. Round rod; 30. Drive mechanism; 301. First motor; 302. Slide rail; 303. Rotating rod; 304. Transmission assembly; 305. Turntable; 306. Guide post; 307. Sliding bracket; 308. Connecting rod; 40. Solid conveying mechanism; 401. Lifting frame; 402. Chain conveyor belt; 403. Lifting bucket; 50. Sludge pumping mechanism; 501. Sewage suction pump; 502. Inlet pipe; 503. Outlet pipe; 60. Material feeding assembly; 601. Support frame; 602. Rotating shaft; 603. Conveyor belt; 604. Lever. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The following will describe, with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, a dredging and clearing mechanism and an urban fire and drainage vehicle of the present invention in a clear and complete manner. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] like Figures 1-8As shown, the present invention provides a dredging and clearing mechanism, including a collection component 10, a drive mechanism 30, a solid conveying mechanism 40, and a sludge pumping mechanism 50. The collection component 10 includes a guide rail support 20 and a collection bucket 101 slidably mounted on the guide rail support 20. The front end of the collection bucket 101 is provided with shovel teeth 102, and a screening plate 103 is provided inside the collection bucket 101. The screening plate 103 divides the internal space of the collection bucket 101 into a solid conveying chamber 11 located above and a sludge conveying chamber 12 located below. The drive mechanism 30 is mounted on the guide rail support 20 and is used to drive the collection bucket 101 to slide back and forth along the guide rail support 20. The solid conveying mechanism 40 is located behind the collection bucket 101 and is used to receive and convey solid impurities screened by the screening plate 103. The sludge pumping mechanism 50 is connected to the sludge conveying chamber 12 and is used to extract sludge from the sludge conveying chamber 12.

[0023] At the start of the operation, the drive mechanism 30 drives the collection component 10 to reciprocate laterally along the guide rail support 20. The shovel teeth 102 at the front end of the collection bucket 101 are forced to cut into the debris accumulated on the road. Because the shovel teeth 102 are set close to the ground, during the process of the collection bucket 101 sliding laterally along the guide rail support 20, the shovel teeth 102 at the front end not only generate cutting and peeling force on the hardened silt at the bottom, but also generate a strong turbulent disturbance effect on the water and shallow silt around the working surface due to its high-frequency mechanical motion. This disturbance effect causes light impurities (such as fallen leaves, plastic garbage bags, and fibrous fabrics) that were originally attached to the bottom or submerged in the mud layer to be suspended and detached by the fluid shear force, and are efficiently drawn into the collection bucket 101 with the flow of water and mud.

[0024] The mixture entering the collection hopper 101 falls onto the screening plate 103. Utilizing the inertial vibration generated by the reciprocating sliding of the collection hopper 101 or the material's own accumulation pressure, smaller-sized fluid sludge particles fall through the mesh of the screening plate 103 and collect in the bottom sludge conveying chamber 12. Larger solid impurities are intercepted in the solid conveying chamber 11, achieving preliminary solid-liquid separation (dry at the top, wet at the bottom). As the collection hopper 101 continues to slide, the front shovel teeth 102 continuously push in new material, forcing impurities in the solid conveying chamber 11 to move backward, eventually falling onto the solid conveying mechanism 40 and being transported to a designated location. Simultaneously, the sludge pumping mechanism 50 is activated, using negative pressure suction to continuously extract the filtered fine sludge from the bottom sludge conveying chamber 12 through pipelines, completing the entire sludge removal cycle.

[0025] Traditional dredging methods often extract the entire mud-water mixture, leading to significant challenges in later processing. This device, with its built-in screening plate 103, achieves solid-liquid separation immediately upon collection. Solid impurities directly enter the conveyor line, bypassing the pumping system and greatly reducing the load on downstream sludge treatment equipment. The sludge pumping mechanism 50 is solely responsible for extracting the screened fine sludge, effectively preventing large stones or fibrous debris from entering the pump body. This solves common problems in traditional dredging pumps, such as impeller jamming, blade breakage, and pump pipe blockage, significantly reducing equipment maintenance costs and downtime. Furthermore, the combination of the transverse reciprocating drive mechanism 30 and the shovel teeth 102 enhances adaptability to complex working conditions. This allows the device to handle not only loose sludge but also compacted layers of a certain strength. The lateral sliding of the guide rails expands the coverage width of a single operation, avoiding dredging dead zones and facilitating efficient cleaning of flaky debris at the bottom of flooded or sludge deposits.

[0026] The front end of the collection hopper 101 is integrally formed with a collection cover 104 in the shape of an "eight" (V). Several outwardly extending shovel teeth 102 are provided at the bottom opening of the collection cover 104. The collection cover 104 adopts an flared design with an "eight" (V) cross-section, making its front opening width significantly larger than the main body width of the collection hopper 101. When the mechanism slides on the transverse guide rail, the inclined surface of the "eight" shape can force the silt and impurities in the two sides towards the central axis, guiding the loose sediment into the narrow collection opening. The shovel teeth 102, located at the bottom opening, are arranged in an outward-extending manner. During the forward movement or lateral sliding of the collection hopper 101, the shovel teeth 102 act as leading cutting tools, preferentially contacting and penetrating the hardened sediment layer and ground-level impurities, efficiently stripping the garbage attached to the riverbed like a comb.

[0027] Furthermore, the dredging and clearing mechanism also includes a material-pushing component 60, which is positioned above the screening plate 103. When the material-pushing component 60 rotates, it pushes the material intercepted on the screening plate 103 toward the solid conveying mechanism 40. As the front end of the collection hopper 101 continuously shovels in mixed sludge, large-sized solid impurities are intercepted by the screening plate 103 and accumulate in the solid conveying chamber 11. At this time, the material-pushing component 60 above starts to rotate, and its pushing structure penetrates deep into the accumulated material layer to assist in the rearward conveying of solid impurities. During rotation, the material-pushing component 60 not only conveys impurities longitudinally, but also exerts a certain downward squeezing force on the sludge below. This dynamic pressure helps to accelerate the semi-fluid sludge to penetrate the mesh of the screening plate 103 and enter the bottom sludge conveying chamber 12, achieving a combination of physical interception and active auxiliary filtration.

[0028] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 and Figure 8As shown, specifically, the feeding assembly 60 includes a support frame 601 fixedly mounted on the guide rail bracket 20. At least two sets of rotating shafts 602 are rotatably mounted on the support frame 601 via bearing seats. A conveyor belt 603 is sleeved between the two sets of rotating shafts 602. The outer surface of the conveyor belt 603 is provided with a number of evenly arranged levers 604. One set of rotating shafts 602 is connected to a power source that drives it to rotate. Through friction, the conveyor belt 603 is driven to form a closed-loop cyclic motion between the two sets of rotating shafts 602. The levers 604 on the outer surface of the conveyor belt 603 circulate synchronously with the belt. When the levers 604 move to the lower stroke near the screening plate 103, each set of levers 604 cuts into the accumulated solid impurity layer in sequence like a brush. Through physical collision and pushing, the levers 604 force the intercepted material to move from front to back at equal intervals and at equal speeds, ensuring that the material can be uniformly fed to the solid conveying mechanism 40.

[0029] The top surface of the screening plate 103 is integrally formed with several sets of equally spaced baffles 13. The top surface of the baffles 13 is arranged in an upward and backward inclined plane to assist the material feeding assembly 60 in guiding solid impurities to the solid conveying mechanism 40. During dredging operations, damp garbage bags or fallen leaves are easily adsorbed onto the flat screen surface. The integrally formed equally spaced baffles 13 reduce the direct contact area between the material and the plate surface. When the material feeding assembly 60 is activated, the edges of the baffles 13 can break the vacuum adsorption force between the impurities and the bottom surface, making it easier for the material to be pried up and conveyed backward. Moreover, the stepped arrangement of the baffles 13 forms a series of anti-backflow structures. After the material is pushed past a baffle 13, it is limited by the drop of the inclined plane and is extremely difficult to be affected by the inertia of the reciprocating sliding of the collection hopper 101 and flow backward, ensuring the unidirectional stability of the material conveying.

[0030] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, specifically, the drive mechanism 30 includes a first motor 301 and a slide rail 302 mounted on the guide rail bracket 20. Two sets of rotating rods 303 are rotatably mounted on the top of the slide rail 302 via bearing seats. The two sets of rotating rods 303 are connected by a transmission assembly 304. The output end of the first motor 301 is connected to one set of rotating rods 303 via the transmission assembly 304, and the other set of rotating rods 303 is connected to one set of rotating shafts 602 via the transmission assembly 304. A turntable 305 is fixedly mounted on the end of the rotating rod 303. A sliding bracket 307 is slidably mounted inside the slide rail 302. A guide post 306 for pushing the sliding bracket 307 to slide within the slide rail 302 is fixedly provided on the turntable 305. The sliding bracket 307 is connected to the side of the collection hopper 101 via a hinged connecting rod 308.

[0031] The transmission assembly 304 can be a common conveyor wheel and belt or sprocket and chain in the prior art. After the first motor 301 starts, it can control the rotation of the two sets of rotating rods 303 through the transmission assembly 304. Since the two sets of rotating rods 303 are physically coupled through the transmission assembly 304, the power pace of the whole machine is kept consistent. At the same time, one set of rotating rods 303 is directly connected to the rotating shaft 602 of the feeding assembly 60 through the transmission assembly 304, realizing the synchronous operation of the rotation of the feeding assembly 60 and the shaking of the collecting assembly 10. When the rotating rod 303 drives the turntable 305 at the end to rotate, the eccentric guide post 306 on the turntable 305 will make a circular motion and be embedded in the groove of the sliding bracket 307. As the guide post 306 rotates cyclically, it continuously pushes the sliding bracket 307 to make a periodic linear reciprocating motion in the slide rail 302. The longitudinal displacement of the sliding bracket 307 can drive the collection bucket 101 to move laterally in a periodic motion through the hinged connecting rod 308, thereby realizing the smooth and regular reciprocating sliding and sludge removal of the collection bucket 101 on the guide rail bracket 20.

[0032] Correspondingly, the guide rail bracket 20 includes a retainer 201 fixedly connected to the slide rail 302, the first motor 301, and the support frame 601. Multiple sets of equally spaced round rods 202 are fixedly installed on the retainer 201. The round rods 202 penetrate the sludge conveying chamber 12 and slide in cooperation with the collection hopper 101. The multiple sets of equally spaced round rods 202 span the retainer 201, forming the physical track for the movement of the collection hopper 101. Because there are multiple sets of round rods 202 distributed at equal intervals, the cutting reaction force experienced by the collection hopper 101 during sliding is evenly distributed across the multiple round rods 202, avoiding excessive stress on a single track and resulting in deflection deformation.

[0033] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, specifically, the solid conveying mechanism 40 includes a lifting frame 401 and a chain conveyor belt 402 mounted on the lifting frame 401. Several evenly arranged lifting buckets 403 are detachably mounted on the outer periphery of the chain conveyor belt 402. The chain conveyor belt 402 can be constructed from commonly used servo motors, sprockets, and chains. When the material feeding assembly 60 discharges solid impurities from the collection hopper 101, the material falls directly into the lifting buckets 403 at the lower end of the chain conveyor belt 402 under gravity or thrust. The chain conveyor belt 402 circulates around the lifting frame 401 under power drive. The lifting buckets 403 move upwards with the chain, lifting the solid impurities from the lower working position to a preset height before directly dumping them into the corresponding collection structure.

[0034] Specifically, the sludge pumping mechanism 50 includes a suction pump 501. One end of the suction pump 501 is connected to the sludge conveying chamber 12 via an input pipe 502, and the other end of the suction pump 501 is connected to an output pipe 503. After the suction pump 501 starts, a strong negative pressure is generated in the input pipe 502. Since the input pipe 502 is directly connected to the sludge conveying chamber 12, the filtered fine sludge is rapidly sucked into the pump body from inside the chamber under the action of pressure difference. The sludge entering the pump body is accelerated by the impeller and converted into a high-pressure fluid, which is then transported over a long distance through the output pipe 503.

[0035] A city fire and drainage vehicle includes a vehicle body 14 and a dredging and clearing mechanism installed on the vehicle body 14. The front end of the vehicle body 14 is connected to a guide rail bracket 20 and a solid conveying mechanism 40. A sludge pumping mechanism 50 is located at the bottom of the vehicle body 14. A solid collection box 15 and a liquid collection box 16 are provided on the vehicle body 14. The solid collection box 15 is used to receive the material dumped by the solid conveying mechanism 40, and the liquid collection box 16 is used to store the sludge conveyed by the sludge pumping mechanism 50.

[0036] The front end of the vehicle body 14 serves as the core operating area, equipped with a guide rail bracket 20. The drive mechanism 30 moves the collection bucket 101 laterally at the front of the vehicle, removing sludge and performing in-situ screening. The screened solid impurities are captured by the solid conveying mechanism 40 and transported to the solid collection box 15 located in the middle and rear of the vehicle body. The filtered liquid sludge is handled by the sludge pumping mechanism 50 located at the bottom of the vehicle body 14. The sludge pumping mechanism 50 generates negative pressure through pipes laid on the chassis, sucking the sludge from the front collection bucket 101 and using pressure to push it to the liquid collection box 16.

[0037] Traditional flood drainage trucks often only have drainage capabilities and are easily rendered inoperable when faced with silt mixed with large amounts of garbage. This fire-fighting flood drainage truck integrates a silt-clearing mechanism, enabling it to clear blockages while draining water and perform solid-liquid separation and storage directly on-board. This avoids secondary pollution and eliminates the tedious process of manual debris removal on-site, greatly improving the efficiency of emergency response. This architecture provides a higher safety factor for fire-fighting flood drainage, ensuring efficient operation of the equipment in harsh environments.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who makes equivalent substitutions or modifications to the dredging and drainage mechanism and urban fire drainage vehicle and their inventive concept based on the present invention within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dredging and unblocking mechanism, characterized in that, include: The collection assembly (10) includes a guide rail bracket (20) and a collection bucket (101) slidably mounted on the guide rail bracket (20). The front end of the collection bucket (101) is provided with shovel teeth (102). The collection bucket (101) is provided with a screening plate (103). The screening plate (103) divides the internal space of the collection bucket (101) into a solid conveying chamber (11) located above and a sludge conveying chamber (12) located below. The drive mechanism (30) is mounted on the guide rail bracket (20) and is used to drive the collection bucket (101) to slide back and forth along the guide rail bracket (20); A solid conveying mechanism (40) is located behind the collection hopper (101) and is used to receive and convey solid impurities that have been screened out by the screening plate (103); The sludge pumping mechanism (50) is connected to the sludge conveying chamber (12) and is used to extract sludge from the sludge conveying chamber (12).

2. The dredging and unblocking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The material feeding assembly (60) is located above the screening plate (103). When the material feeding assembly (60) rotates, it is used to push the material trapped on the screening plate (103) toward the solid conveying mechanism (40).

3. The dredging and unblocking mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feeding assembly (60) includes a support frame (601) fixedly mounted on the guide rail bracket (20). At least two sets of rotating shafts (602) are rotatably mounted on the support frame (601) via bearing seats. A conveyor belt (603) is sleeved between the two sets of rotating shafts (602). A number of evenly arranged levers (604) are provided on the outer surface of the conveyor belt (603).

4. The dredging and unblocking mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top surface of the screening plate (103) is integrally formed with several sets of equally spaced baffles (13). The top surface of the baffles (13) is arranged in a slope that is inclined backward and upward, in order to assist the feeding assembly (60) in guiding solid impurities to the solid conveying mechanism (40).

5. The dredging and unblocking mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drive mechanism (30) includes a first motor (301) and a slide rail (302) mounted on a guide rail bracket (20). Two sets of rotating rods (303) are rotatably mounted on the top of the slide rail (302) via bearing seats. The two sets of rotating rods (303) are connected by a transmission assembly (304). The output end of the first motor (301) is connected to one set of rotating rods (303) via the transmission assembly (304). The other set of rotating rods (303) is connected to one set of rotating shafts (602) via the transmission assembly (304). A turntable (305) is fixedly installed at the end of the rotating rod (303), and a sliding bracket (307) is slidably installed inside the slide rail (302). A guide post (306) for pushing the sliding bracket (307) to slide within the slide rail (302) is fixedly provided on the turntable (305). The sliding bracket (307) is connected to the side of the collection hopper (101) through a hinged connecting rod (308).

6. The dredging and unblocking mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The guide rail bracket (20) includes a retainer (201) which is fixedly connected to the slide rail (302), the first motor (301) and the support frame (601). Multiple sets of equally spaced round rods (202) are fixedly installed on the retainer (201). The round rods (202) penetrate the sludge conveying chamber (12) and slide in cooperation with the collection bucket (101).

7. The dredging and unblocking mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The solid conveying mechanism (40) includes a lifting frame (401) and a chain conveyor belt (402) disposed on the lifting frame (401). A plurality of evenly arranged lifting buckets (403) are detachably installed on the outer periphery of the chain conveyor belt (402).

8. The dredging and unblocking mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sludge pumping mechanism (50) includes a sludge suction pump (501), one end of which is connected to the sludge conveying chamber (12) through an input pipe (502), and the other end of which is connected to an output pipe (503).

9. The dredging and unblocking mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front end of the collection hopper (101) is integrally formed with a collection cover (104) with a cross-section in the shape of the number eight. The bottom opening of the collection cover (104) is provided with several outwardly extending shovel teeth (102).

10. A city fire-fighting and drainage vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle includes a vehicle body (14) and a dredging and clearing mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, which is mounted on the vehicle body (14). The front end of the vehicle body (14) is connected to a guide rail bracket (20) and a solid conveying mechanism (40). The sludge pumping mechanism (50) is located at the bottom of the vehicle body (14). The vehicle body (14) is provided with a solid collection box (15) and a liquid collection box (16). The solid collection box (15) is used to receive the material poured out by the solid conveying mechanism (40), and the liquid collection box (16) is used to store the sludge conveyed by the sludge pumping mechanism (50).

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