Equipment and methods for excavating deep-buried water trenches in tunnels

Abstract

This application provides a method and equipment for excavating deep-buried water trenches in tunnels, relating to the field of tunnel construction technology. The equipment includes a tunnel boring machine (TBM), comprising a cutterhead, a front support device, a traveling chassis, a rear support device, a cutting boom, a sliding frame, a first drive component, and a second drive component. The front and rear support devices are respectively connected to the traveling chassis. The cutterhead is connected to the cutting boom. The cutting boom is hinged to the sliding frame. The first drive component is connected to the cutting boom and is used to drive the cutting boom to rotate relative to the sliding frame. The second drive component is connected to the sliding frame and is used to drive the sliding frame to move relative to the traveling chassis. An excavator is used to remove the excavated soil from the TBM. A muck truck is used to transport the excavated soil to a predetermined location. This excavation equipment can solve the problems of low efficiency and quality in existing hard rock excavation of deep-buried water trenches.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and in particular to a device and method for excavating deep-buried water trenches in tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] During tunnel construction, deeply buried drainage ditches are crucial for ensuring tunnel structural stability and unimpeded drainage. They primarily collect and drain groundwater, construction seepage, and accumulated water from within and around the tunnel, preventing water from freezing and causing blockages in cold, high-altitude regions, thus ensuring tunnel structural safety and a stable operating environment. Traditional methods for constructing deeply buried drainage ditches rely heavily on manual drilling and blasting, especially in hard rock excavations. However, this method has revealed numerous insurmountable drawbacks in long-term practical application. Existing manual drilling and blasting methods struggle to precisely control the excavation profile, leading to widespread over-excavation that necessitates concrete backfilling, increasing construction costs. With the continuous development of tunnel engineering, higher demands are placed on construction efficiency, safety, and quality. Traditional manual drilling and blasting methods can no longer meet the needs of modern tunnel construction. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device and method for excavating deep-buried water trenches in tunnels, which can solve the problem that existing manual drilling and blasting construction methods are difficult to accurately control the excavation outline and have over-excavation and under-excavation phenomena. It is beneficial to solve the problem of low construction efficiency of existing deep-buried water trenches in hard rock.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a tunnel deep-buried trench excavation device, comprising: The tunneling machine includes a cutterhead, a front support device, a traveling chassis, a rear support device, a cutting boom, a sliding frame, a first drive component, and a second drive component. The front support device and the rear support device are respectively connected to the walking chassis; The rotary cutter head is connected to the cutting arm; the end of the cutting arm away from the rotary cutter head is hinged to the sliding frame. The first driving component is connected to the cutting arm and is used to drive the cutting arm to rotate relative to the sliding frame; The second drive component is connected to the sliding frame and is used to drive the sliding frame to move relative to the chassis. An excavator, used to remove the excavated soil and debris from the tunneling machine; A muck truck is used to transport the excavated soil from the excavator to a preset location.

[0005] In an optional embodiment, two front support devices are provided, respectively located on the left and right sides of the chassis; two rear support devices are provided, respectively located on the left and right sides of the chassis.

[0006] In an optional embodiment, a third drive unit is also included, wherein the chassis is provided with tracks, and the third drive unit is connected to the tracks via a drive system.

[0007] In an optional embodiment, the third drive unit is connected to a speed reducer, and the speed reducer is connected to the track.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, a fourth driving member is further included, which is connected to the front support device and the rear support device respectively, so as to drive the front support device and the rear support device to move in the left and right directions respectively.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the first driving member is a pitch cylinder, and the second driving member is a sliding cylinder.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the cutting arm is provided with a first ear plate, the sliding frame is provided with a second ear plate, one end of the pitch cylinder is hinged to the first ear plate, and the other end is hinged to the second ear plate.

[0011] In an optional implementation, a trestle is also included, which is located above the working area of ​​the tunneling machine, and the excavator and the muck truck travel and operate on the trestle.

[0012] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for excavating a deep-buried drainage ditch in a tunnel, comprising: Drive the tunneling machine into the work area, adjust the centerline of the tunneling machine to align with the design centerline of the ditch, and then adjust the pitch angle of the cutterhead. Adjust the front and rear support devices of the tunneling machine to support the tunnel wall respectively; The rotary cutter head is rotated to perform the cutting operation; The excavator removes the excavated soil and debris from the tunneling machine. The dump truck transports the excavated soil from the excavator to a preset location.

[0013] In an optional implementation, the step of removing the excavator from the excavated soil after it has been cut by the tunneling machine includes: Control the tunneling machine to retreat a preset distance; Control the excavator to remove the excavated soil.

[0014] The equipment and method for excavating deep-buried drainage ditches in tunnels provided by this invention have the following beneficial effects: The tunneling machine uses a roller cutterhead, which can directly excavate deep-buried trenches with a rectangular cross-section. The width of the roller cutterhead is the width of the excavated trench, making the dimensions easy to control. By controlling the pitch angle of the cutting boom, the depth of the deep-buried trench can be precisely controlled. This allows for precise control of the excavation outline of the deep-buried trench, avoiding over-excavation and under-excavation phenomena that occur in existing drill-and-blast methods. Furthermore, the construction process is simple, and the excavation efficiency is high, which is beneficial for improving the efficiency of deep-buried trench excavation under hard rock conditions, thereby improving the overall construction efficiency of tunnel or roadway excavation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the overall application scenario of the tunnel deep-buried water ditch excavation equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tunnel boring machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention for a deep-buried water ditch excavation equipment; Figure 3 A front view of the tunnel boring machine for deep-buried water ditch excavation equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a scenario where the centerline of the tunnel deep-buried ditch excavation equipment is aligned with the design centerline of the ditch, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Icons: 1-Tunneling machine; 2-Excavator; 4-Muck truck; 3-Trestle; 1.1-Rolling cutterhead; 1.2-First drive unit; 1.3-Second drive unit; 1.4-Front support device; 1.5-Traveling chassis; 1.6-Rear support device; 1.7-Cutting boom; 1.8-Skipping frame; 1.9-First lug; 1.10-Boom hinge point; 1.11-Second lug; 151-Crawler. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0019] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0020] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] The following detailed description of some embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0025] The present invention provides a deep-buried ditch excavation equipment and method, which can precisely control the excavation outline of the deep-buried ditch, avoid the over-excavation and under-excavation phenomena that occur in the existing drill and blast method, and has a simple construction process and high excavation efficiency.

[0026] Please combine Figures 1 to 3 The equipment for excavating deep-buried water trenches in tunnels includes a tunneling machine 1, an excavator 2, and a muck truck 4. The tunneling machine 1 includes a cutterhead 1.1, a front support device 1.4, a traveling chassis 1.5, a rear support device 1.6, a cutting boom 1.7, a sliding frame 1.8, a first drive component 1.2, and a second drive component 1.3. The front support device 1.4 and the rear support device 1.6 are respectively connected to the traveling chassis 1.5; the cutter head 1.1 is connected to the cutting boom 1.7; the end of the cutting boom 1.7 away from the cutter head 1.1 is hinged to the sliding frame 1.8; the first drive component 1.2 is connected to the cutting boom 1.7 and is used to drive the cutting boom 1.7 to rotate relative to the sliding frame 1.8; the second drive component 1.3 is connected to the sliding frame 1.8 and is used to drive the sliding frame 1.8 to move relative to the traveling chassis 1.5; the excavator 2 is used to remove the excavated soil from the tunneling machine 1; the muck truck 4 is used to transport the excavated soil removed by the excavator 2 to a preset location. This excavation equipment can solve the problems of low efficiency and low quality in existing hard rock excavation of deep buried water trenches.

[0027] The tunnel boring machine 1 uses a roller cutterhead 1.1, which can directly excavate deep-buried trenches with a rectangular cross-section. The width of the roller cutterhead 1.1 is the width of the excavated trench. By controlling the pitch angle of the cutting boom 1.7, the depth of the deep-buried trench can be precisely controlled. In this way, the excavation outline of the deep-buried trench can be precisely controlled, avoiding the over-excavation and under-excavation phenomena that occur in existing drill-and-blast methods. Moreover, the construction process is simple and the excavation efficiency is high, thereby improving the overall construction efficiency of tunnel or roadway excavation.

[0028] Optionally, two front support devices 1.4 are provided, respectively located on the left and right sides of the traveling chassis 1.5; two rear support devices 1.6 are provided, respectively located on the left and right sides of the traveling chassis 1.5. In this embodiment, the fourth driving component is connected to the front support device 1.4 and the rear support device 1.6, respectively, and is configured to drive the front support device 1.4 and the rear support device 1.6 to move in the left and right directions. When the tunneling machine 1 is operating, the front support device 1.4 and the rear support device 1.6 need to be extended to support the tunnel wall, so that the tunneling machine 1 is stabilized and the operational stability is improved. The fourth driving component can be a hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, push rod, motor, or electric motor, etc., and is not specifically limited here.

[0029] Optionally, the tunnel deep-buried trench excavation equipment also includes a third drive unit. The traveling chassis 1.5 is equipped with tracks 151, and the third drive unit and tracks 151 are connected by a transmission. The third drive unit is used to realize the movement of the traveling chassis 1.5, that is, to realize the forward and backward movement of the tunneling machine 1. Optionally, the third drive unit is connected to a reducer, and the reducer is connected to tracks 151. In this embodiment, the third drive unit adopts a high-torque hydraulic motor to improve the stability and movement efficiency of the travel.

[0030] In other embodiments, the third driving component may be a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, a push rod, or a motor, etc., without specific limitations.

[0031] Optionally, the first drive component 1.2 is a pitch cylinder, and the second drive component 1.3 is a sliding cylinder. The pitch cylinder is connected to the cutting boom 1.7 to control the pitch angle of the cutting boom 1.7, thereby controlling the excavation depth of the deep-buried trench and improving the accuracy of the excavation dimensions. The construction process is simple, and operation and adjustment are convenient. The sliding cylinder is used to drive the sliding frame 1.8 to move back and forth relative to the traveling chassis 1.5, thereby realizing different strokes of the cutting head excavation operation.

[0032] Optionally, the cutting boom 1.7 is equipped with a first ear plate 1.9, and the sliding frame 1.8 is equipped with a second ear plate 1.11. One end of the pitch cylinder is hinged to the first ear plate 1.9, and the other end is hinged to the second ear plate 1.11. This facilitates control of the rotation angle of the cutting boom 1.7 via the pitch cylinder. The roller cutter head 1.1 is bolted to the cutting boom 1.7, and the cutting boom 1.7 is connected to the sliding frame 1.8 via the boom hinge point 1.10. Rotation of the cutting boom 1.7 relative to the sliding frame 1.8 adjusts the excavation angle of the roller cutter head 1.1, thereby controlling the excavation depth of the deep-buried trench.

[0033] Optionally, the deep-buried trench excavation in the tunnel also includes a trestle bridge 3, which is located above the working area of ​​the tunnel boring machine 1. The excavator 2 and the muck truck 4 travel and operate on the trestle bridge 3. It can be understood that the tunnel boring machine 1 is located below the trestle bridge 3, excavating the working area to form a deep trench with a roughly rectangular cross-section. The excavated soil produced by the tunnel boring machine 1 is excavated by the excavator 2 and moved to the trestle bridge 3, and then the muck truck 4 transports the soil from the trestle bridge 3 to the designated location.

[0034] This invention provides a method for excavating a deep-buried drainage ditch in a tunnel, comprising: Please combine Figure 4 The tunneling machine 1 is driven into the work area, and its centerline is aligned with the design centerline of the ditch. After alignment, the pitch angle of the cutterhead 1.1 is adjusted. The front support device 1.4 and the rear support device 1.6 of the tunneling machine 1 are adjusted to support the tunnel wall. The cutterhead 1.1 is rotated to perform cutting operations, and the excavator 2 removes the excavated soil from the tunneling machine 1. The muck truck 4 transports the excavated soil removed by the excavator 2 to the preset location.

[0035] In the step of removing the excavated soil from the tunneling machine 1 by excavator 2, tunneling machine 1 is first controlled to retreat a preset distance to create working space for excavator 2 and avoid interference between them. Then, excavator 2 is controlled to remove the excavated soil.

[0036] In this embodiment, the tunneling machine 1 is a rotary cutter rock tunneling machine. First, the rotary cutter rock tunneling machine 1 is driven into the working area, and its centerline is aligned with the design centerline of the ditch. After alignment, the pitch angle of the cutterhead is adjusted to achieve the required ditch excavation depth. Then, all front support devices 1.4 and all rear support devices 1.6 of the tunneling machine 1 are extended to support the tunnel wall, and cutting is initiated. The cutterhead is rotated to cut a deep trench with a roughly rectangular cross-section. An excavator 2 is used for muck removal. During muck removal, the tunneling machine 1 is first moved back a certain distance. A mining dump truck 4 is used to transport the muck to the designated location.

[0037] The rotary cutter rock tunnel boring machine 1 drives into the designated work area via its traveling chassis 1.5. The tracks 151 on both sides of the traveling chassis 1.5 adopt an "outward octagonal" structure to increase the contact area between the track 151 chassis and the tunnel surface. The traveling chassis 1.5 is driven by a high-torque hydraulic motor and a reducer. Front support devices 1.4 and rear support devices 1.6 are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the traveling chassis 1.5. After adjusting the centerline position of the tunnel boring machine 1, the front support devices 1.4 and rear support devices 1.6 extend to support the tunnel wall, stabilizing the rotary cutter rock tunnel boring machine 1. The cutter head 1.1 is bolted to the cutting boom 1.7. The cutting boom 1.7 is connected to the sliding frame 1.8 via the boom hinge point 1.10. The cutting boom 1.7 is connected to one end of the pitch cylinder via the first lug 1.9. The extension and retraction of the pitch cylinder rotates the cutting boom 1.7, thereby adjusting the angle between the cutting boom 1.7 and the cutter head and controlling the depth of the excavated trench. The second lug 1.11 on the sliding frame 1.8 is connected to the end of the pitch cylinder furthest from the cutting boom 1.7, ensuring the normal extension and retraction of the cutter head and the cutting boom 1.7. The extension and retraction of the sliding cylinder causes the sliding frame 1.8 to move back and forth on the chassis 1.5, ultimately achieving different strokes of the cutting boom.

[0038] The tunnel deep-buried trench excavation equipment and method provided in this invention have the following beneficial effects, including: The tunnel boring machine 1 uses a roller cutterhead 1.1, which can directly excavate deep-buried water trenches with a rectangular cross-section. The width of the roller cutterhead 1.1 is the width of the excavated water trench, and the dimensions are easy to control. By controlling the pitch angle of the cutting boom 1.7, the depth of the deep-buried water trench can be precisely controlled. In this way, the excavation outline of the deep-buried water trench can be precisely controlled, avoiding the over-excavation and under-excavation phenomena that occur in existing drill-and-blast methods. Moreover, the construction process is simple and the excavation efficiency is high, which is conducive to improving the efficiency of deep-buried water trench excavation under hard rock conditions, thereby improving the overall construction efficiency of tunnel or roadway excavation.

[0039] This deep-buried drainage ditch excavation equipment can directly excavate drainage ditches with a rectangular cross-section. Even in hard rock conditions, it eliminates the need for drill-and-blast methods, enabling continuous cold excavation of deep-buried drainage ditches. This solves the problems of existing manual drill-and-blast methods, such as difficulty in precisely controlling the excavation outline, widespread over-excavation, and the need for concrete backfilling, which increases construction costs. The equipment used in this excavation method is mature, the construction process is simple, and it enables continuous "breaking, loading, and transporting" construction in hard rock with minimal impact on other processes. It offers high efficiency in hard rock excavation, improving the overall efficiency of deep-buried drainage ditch operations. Furthermore, it is adaptable to various surrounding rock conditions, suitable for both soft and hard rock, making it applicable to a wider range of scenarios and applications.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel deep-buried trench excavation device, characterized in that, include: The tunneling machine (1) includes a cutterhead (1.1), a front support device (1.4), a traveling chassis (1.5), a rear support device (1.6), a cutting boom (1.7), a sliding frame (1.8), a first drive unit (1.2), and a second drive unit (1.3). The front support device (1.4) and the rear support device (1.6) are respectively connected to the walking chassis (1.5). The rotary cutter head (1.1) is connected to the cutting arm (1.7); the end of the cutting arm (1.7) away from the rotary cutter head (1.1) is hinged to the sliding frame (1.8); The first driving component (1.2) is connected to the cutting arm (1.7) and is used to drive the cutting arm (1.7) to rotate relative to the sliding frame (1.8); The second drive unit (1.3) is connected to the sliding frame (1.8) and is used to drive the sliding frame (1.8) to move relative to the walking chassis (1.5); Excavator (2) is used to remove the excavated soil from the tunneling machine (1); The dump truck (4) is used to transport the excavated soil removed by the excavator (2) to a preset location.

2. The tunnel deep-buried water ditch excavation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two front support devices (1.4) are provided, respectively located on the left and right sides of the walking chassis (1.5); two rear support devices (1.6) are provided, respectively located on the left and right sides of the walking chassis (1.5).

3. The tunnel deep-buried water ditch excavation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a third drive unit, the walking chassis (1.5) is provided with tracks, and the third drive unit is connected to the tracks in a transmission.

4. The tunnel deep-buried water ditch excavation equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The third drive component is connected to the reducer, and the reducer is connected to the track.

5. The tunnel deep-buried water ditch excavation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a fourth driving component, which is connected to the front support device (1.4) and the rear support device (1.6) respectively, so as to drive the front support device (1.4) and the rear support device (1.6) to move in the left and right directions respectively.

6. The tunnel deep-buried water ditch excavation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first driving component (1.2) is a pitch cylinder, and the second driving component (1.3) is a sliding cylinder.

7. The tunnel deep-buried water ditch excavation equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cutting arm (1.7) is provided with a first ear plate (1.9), the sliding frame (1.8) is provided with a second ear plate (1.11), one end of the pitch cylinder is hinged to the first ear plate (1.9), and the other end is hinged to the second ear plate (1.11).

8. The tunnel deep-buried water ditch excavation equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, It also includes a trestle bridge (3), which is located above the working area of ​​the tunneling machine (1), and the excavator (2) and the muck truck (4) travel and operate on the trestle bridge (3).

9. A method for excavating a deep-buried drainage ditch in a tunnel, characterized in that, include: Drive the tunneling machine (1) into the work area, adjust the center line of the tunneling machine (1) to align with the design center line of the ditch, and adjust the pitch angle of the cutter head (1.1) after alignment. Adjust the front support device (1.4) and rear support device (1.6) of the tunneling machine (1) to support the tunnel wall respectively; Rotate the roller cutter head (1.1) to perform the cutting operation; The excavator (2) removes the excavated soil from the tunneling machine (1); The dump truck (4) transports the excavated soil removed by the excavator (2) to a preset location.

10. The method for excavating a deep-buried drainage ditch in a tunnel according to claim 9, characterized in that, The steps for the excavator (2) to remove the excavated soil after the tunneling machine (1) has cut it include: Control the tunneling machine (1) to retreat a preset distance; Control the excavator (2) to remove the slag.

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