Building envelope component based on uhpc and foam concrete

Abstract

This invention relates to a building envelope component based on UHPC and foamed concrete, specifically within the field of composite sound-absorbing building envelope components. The composite envelope component comprises, from top to bottom, a UHPC surface panel, a lightweight foamed concrete core, and a backing reflective module. This UHPC and foamed concrete-based building envelope component utilizes tongue-and-groove joints for drainage, completely solving the structural defects of traditional prefabricated wall joints where water easily accumulates and is difficult to drain. The precise fit of the tenon and groove creates a closed cavity, and a dedicated horizontal drainage channel and water-guiding slope are provided, enabling rainwater seeping into the joints to be quickly guided to the outside of the component for discharge. This avoids freeze-thaw damage and internal corrosion caused by water accumulation, significantly improving the long-term durability and structural safety of the building envelope. Wind pressure-resistant limiting clips and horizontal connecting columns are installed at the tongue-and-groove joints, ensuring that the component forms a continuous load-bearing system after assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of composite sound-absorbing building envelope technology, specifically a building envelope based on UHPC and foamed concrete. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of green building and prefabricated building technologies, building envelopes are evolving towards industrialization and modularization. Traditional masonry or cast-in-place walls, due to their long construction cycles and extensive wet work, have been gradually replaced by prefabricated concrete wall panels. This new type of key building component integrates structural load-bearing, thermal insulation, and external enclosure functions, significantly improving construction efficiency. In particular, in the application of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) and lightweight materials, the use of the high strength characteristics of UHPC combined with the lightweight advantages of foamed concrete to construct composite layered building envelope components has become an industry trend. These components aim to achieve, through material innovation, a wall that provides high-strength structural support while meeting the needs of lightweight transportation and rapid assembly.

[0003] In the practical application of prefabricated building walls, the splicing joints between components are the key to determining the durability of the entire enclosure system. Existing tongue-and-groove connection structures usually only focus on the alignment and initial fixation of the component joints, lacking a scientific internal drainage design. When rainwater flows along the wall surface to the joints, due to the lack of effective drainage channels, water easily accumulates in the tongue-and-groove grooves and cannot be discharged. This water accumulation phenomenon can lead to severe freeze-thaw cycle damage in cold regions, causing concrete cracking and steel corrosion at the joints, thereby weakening the structural integrity of the wall. In hot and humid regions, it can easily cause mold growth and internal hollowing. In addition, traditional connection methods often lack effective wind pressure limiting mechanisms when facing strong wind loads, which can easily lead to component displacement or even detachment under extreme weather conditions, seriously threatening the safety and service life of the building structure.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, while some existing technologies attempt to improve sealing by adding external waterproof coatings or simple overlapping methods, these methods often only treat the symptoms, not the root cause. On the one hand, external coatings are prone to aging and failure, and cannot solve the problem of hidden water accumulation inside the tongue and groove joints. On the other hand, simple overlapping structures are difficult to form a rigid connection, resulting in insufficient overall wall rigidity and inability to effectively transfer horizontal wind loads. More importantly, in pursuing structural strength, existing technologies often neglect the balance between lightweighting and multifunctional integration, leading to excessive component weight, increasing foundation load and transportation and installation costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a building envelope component based on UHPC and foamed concrete, which has advantages such as high sound absorption coefficient, excellent structural strength and acoustic stability, and solves the fundamental problem of low-frequency sound absorption performance of existing building envelope components.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a building envelope component based on UHPC and foamed concrete, comprising a composite envelope component, wherein the composite envelope component comprises a UHPC surface layer, a lightweight foamed concrete core and a backing reflective module arranged sequentially from top to bottom; It also includes tongue-and-groove drainage components set around the perimeter of the composite enclosure component, which include an upper tongue-and-groove tenon, a lower tongue-and-groove groove, a waterproof sealing strip groove, a water guiding slope, a drainage guide groove, a drainage hole, a transverse connecting column, a wind pressure limiting buckle, and a thermal expansion and contraction joint. It also includes tongue-and-groove drainage components located around the perimeter of the composite enclosure component, comprising an upper tongue-and-groove tenon, a lower tongue-and-groove groove, a waterproof sealing strip groove, a water-guiding slope, a drainage channel, a drainage hole, a transverse connecting column, a wind pressure-resistant limiting buckle, and a thermal expansion and contraction joint, as detailed below: Upper tongue and groove tenon: It is located on one edge of the composite enclosure component; Lower tongue and groove: It is located on the other side edge of the composite enclosure component and matches the upper tongue and groove tenon; Waterproof sealing strip groove: It is set inside the lower tongue and groove groove; Water-guiding slope: set on one side of the upper tongue and groove tenon, and inclined outward at 4°; Drainage guide channel: Located on one side of the lower tongue and groove, extending from the water guide slope towards the drainage hole; Drainage hole: It is located at the lowest point of the drainage channel; Horizontal connecting column: It is set between two opposite sides of the composite enclosure components, and has slots on its left and right sides respectively; Wind pressure resistant limiting buckles: There are four of them, and they are fixed to one side of the plate. Thermal expansion joint: It is located between adjacent panels and has a width of 4mm.

[0007] Furthermore, the groove for the waterproof sealing strip is used to install an EPDM sealing strip, and the sealing strip fits tightly against the inner wall of the lower tongue and groove.

[0008] Furthermore, the transverse connecting column is a stainless steel column with an anti-corrosion coating on its surface, and the axial direction of the transverse connecting column is parallel to the length direction of the composite enclosure component.

[0009] Furthermore, the wind pressure limiting buckle is an L-shaped stainless steel part, which is set at the four corners of the back of the plate, and the right-angled side of the wind pressure limiting buckle is in close contact with the reflective module of the plate backing.

[0010] Furthermore, the width of the thermal expansion joint is 4mm, and the width direction of the thermal expansion joint is consistent with the length direction of the composite enclosure component.

[0011] Furthermore, the lightweight foamed concrete core integrates a gradient porous sound-absorbing module for noise absorption. This gradient porous sound-absorbing module, from the sound source side to the back of the sound source side, sequentially includes a high-frequency sound-absorbing transition section, a mid-frequency sound-absorbing core section, a low-frequency sound-absorbing base layer, an acoustic impedance matching connection layer, a fiber-reinforced skeleton, moisture-absorbing / releasing regulating particles, and a through-hole microporous channel, as detailed below: High-frequency sound-absorbing transition section: It is located immediately adjacent to the bottom of the acoustic impedance matching connection layer; Mid-frequency sound-absorbing core segment: It is embedded between the high-frequency sound-absorbing transition segment and the low-frequency sound-absorbing base layer; Low-frequency sound-absorbing substrate layer: It is located immediately adjacent to the top of the backing reflector module; Acoustic impedance matching connection layer: It is located between the UHPC surface layer and the high-frequency sound absorption transition section; Fiber-reinforced skeleton: It is embedded in the high-frequency sound absorption transition section, the mid-frequency sound absorption core section and the low-frequency sound absorption base layer; Moisture-absorbing and moisture-releasing regulating particles: These are uniformly incorporated into the core of lightweight foamed concrete. Through-type microporous channel: It sequentially runs through the high-frequency sound absorption transition section, the mid-frequency sound absorption core section and the low-frequency sound absorption base layer.

[0012] Furthermore, the porosity of the high-frequency sound-absorbing transition section is 80%, the porosity of the mid-frequency sound-absorbing core section is 60%, and the porosity of the low-frequency sound-absorbing base layer is 40%.

[0013] Furthermore, the fiber-reinforced skeleton is a basalt fiber mesh with a volume content of 0.1%–0.5%, and each sound-absorbing zone, namely the high-frequency sound-absorbing transition section, the mid-frequency sound-absorbing core section, and the low-frequency sound-absorbing base layer, has two fiber-reinforced skeletons distributed within it.

[0014] Furthermore, the acoustic impedance matching connection layer is a polymer-modified cement slurry with a thickness of 2 mm, and the thickness direction of the acoustic impedance matching connection layer is perpendicular to the sound wave propagation direction.

[0015] Furthermore, the moisture-absorbing and moisture-releasing regulating particles are zeolite microparticles with a particle size of 0.5 mm, and the dosage is 2% of the mass of the foamed concrete, and they are uniformly dispersed in the pores of the through-type microporous channels.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. This building envelope component based on UHPC and foamed concrete utilizes tongue-and-groove joints for drainage, completely solving the structural defects of traditional prefabricated wall joints that are prone to water accumulation and difficult to drain. The precise fit of the tenon and groove creates a closed cavity, and a dedicated horizontal drainage channel and water-guiding slope are set up to quickly guide rainwater that seeps into the joints to the outside of the component for discharge, effectively avoiding freeze-thaw damage and internal corrosion caused by water accumulation, significantly improving the long-term durability and structural safety of the building envelope. Wind pressure limiting buckles and horizontal connecting columns are set at the tongue-and-groove joints, so that multiple building envelope components can form a continuous force-bearing system with overall rigidity after assembly. This not only effectively resists the overturning moment caused by wind loads and prevents the components from shifting or falling off under strong winds, but also greatly simplifies the on-site construction process and improves the construction efficiency and installation accuracy of prefabricated buildings.

[0017] 2. This building envelope component based on UHPC and foamed concrete adopts a composite structure design of UHPC high-strength surface layer and gradient pore core layer. While ensuring that the wall has excellent compressive strength, flexural strength and lightweight characteristics, it utilizes the porous sound absorption mechanism of gradient pore core layer. The dense UHPC surface layer provides high-strength support, while the internal gradient distribution of foamed concrete pores can effectively dissipate sound wave energy. When this component is used as an independent load-bearing or non-load-bearing building wall, it can achieve a significant environmental noise blocking effect without the need to add an additional sound insulation layer. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tongue-and-groove connection drainage component of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the gradient porous sound-absorbing module of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the fiber-reinforced skeleton and the sound-absorbing zone of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1 Composite enclosure component, 11 UHPC surface panel, 12 Lightweight foamed concrete core, 13 Backing reflective module, 2 Gradient porous sound absorption module, 21 High-frequency sound absorption transition section, 22 Mid-frequency sound absorption core section, 23 Low-frequency sound absorption base layer, 24 Acoustic impedance matching connection layer, 25 Fiber reinforced skeleton, 26 Moisture absorption-release regulating particles, 27 Through-type microporous channel, 3 Tongue and groove connection drainage component, 31 Upper tongue and groove tenon, 32 Lower tongue and groove groove, 33 Waterproof sealing strip groove, 34 Water guiding slope, 35 Drainage guide channel, 36 Drainage hole, 37 Horizontal connection column, 38 Wind pressure resistant limiting buckle, 39 Thermal expansion and contraction expansion joint. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Please see Figure 1-3 This embodiment of a building envelope component based on UHPC and foamed concrete includes a composite envelope component 1, which consists of a UHPC surface plate 11, a lightweight foamed concrete core 12 and a backing reflective module 13 arranged sequentially from top to bottom.

[0022] The maintenance components also include tongue-and-groove drainage components 3 set around the perimeter of the composite enclosure component 1, which include an upper tongue-and-groove tenon 31, a lower tongue-and-groove groove 32, a waterproof sealing strip groove 33, a water-guiding slope 34, a drainage channel 35, a drainage hole 36, a transverse connecting column 37, a wind pressure-resistant limiting buckle 38, and a thermal expansion and contraction joint 39, as detailed below: Upper tongue and groove tenon 31: It is located on one edge of the composite enclosure component 1; Lower tongue and groove 32: It is located on the other side edge of the composite enclosure component 1 and matches the upper tongue and groove tenon 31; Waterproof sealing strip groove 33: It is set inside the lower tongue and groove groove 32; Water guiding slope 34: set on one side of the upper tongue and groove tenon 31 and inclined outward at 4°; Drainage guide channel 35: Located on one side of the lower tongue groove 32, it extends from the water guide slope 34 to the drainage hole 36; Drain hole 36: It is located at the lowest point of the drainage guide channel 35; Horizontal connecting column 37: It is set between two opposite sides of the two composite enclosure components 1, and slots are opened on its left and right sides respectively; Wind pressure resistance limiting buckle 38: There are four of them, and they are fixed to one side of the plate; Thermal expansion joint 39: It is located between adjacent panels and has a width of 4mm.

[0023] It should be noted that the tongue-and-groove connection drainage component 3 on the four sides of the composite enclosure component 1 integrates nine major components, including the upper tongue-and-groove protrusion 31 and the lower tongue-and-groove groove 32. The upper tongue-and-groove protrusion 31 and the lower tongue-and-groove groove 32 match to achieve quick splicing. The water-guiding slope surface 34, the drainage guide channel 35 and the drainage hole 36 form a closed-loop drainage path. The horizontal connecting column 37, the wind pressure limiting buckle 38 and the thermal expansion and contraction expansion joint 39 respectively ensure the connection firmness, wind vibration resistance and thermal expansion and contraction resistance. The overall mechanism realizes the integration of multiple functions such as splicing, drainage, wind vibration resistance and thermal compensation, and solves the problems of inconvenient connection and poor drainage in the existing technology.

[0024] Furthermore, slots are provided on both the left and right sides of the horizontal connecting column 37, which are used to fix two adjacent enclosure components. Therefore, the two enclosure components are locked and limited by the slots on the horizontal connecting column 37.

[0025] The waterproof sealing strip groove 33 is used to install an EPDM sealing strip, and the sealing strip fits tightly against the inner wall of the lower tongue and groove 32.

[0026] It should be noted that an EPDM sealing strip is installed in the waterproof sealing strip groove 33 and fits tightly against the inner wall of the lower tongue and groove groove 32. The EPDM sealing strip has excellent waterproof and aging resistance. The tight fit installation method can effectively prevent rainwater from seeping in from the joint of the plate. Combined with the drainage path of the tongue and groove connection drainage component 3, it further reduces the structural failure rate caused by rainwater, while extending the service life of the sealing components and reducing the frequency of maintenance.

[0027] Among them, the transverse connecting column 37 is a stainless steel column with an anti-corrosion coating on its surface, and the axial direction of the transverse connecting column 37 is parallel to the length direction of the composite enclosure component 1.

[0028] It should be noted that the horizontal connecting column 37 uses a stainless steel sleeve with a surface coating of anti-corrosion coating, and the axial direction is perpendicular to the length direction of the composite enclosure component 1. The stainless steel material combined with the anti-corrosion coating greatly improves the corrosion resistance of the sleeve, making it suitable for complex outdoor environments. The vertical axial direction design makes the horizontal connection more stable, ensuring the connection strength between the panels, reducing loosening caused by external forces after installation, and improving the overall stability of the sound barrier structure.

[0029] Among them, the wind pressure limiting buckle 38 is an L-shaped stainless steel part, which is set at the four corners of the back of the plate, and the right-angled side of the wind pressure limiting buckle 38 is closely attached to the reflective module 13 of the plate backing.

[0030] It should be noted that the wind pressure limiting buckle 38 is an L-shaped stainless steel part, which is set at the four corners of the back of the panel and the right-angled edge is close to the backing reflective module 13. The L-shaped structure can limit and fix the panel from two directions. The distribution at the four corners makes the limiting more balanced. The stainless steel material ensures the strength and durability of the buckle. The installation method of being close to the backing reflective module 13 enhances the fixation reliability and effectively suppresses the vibration of the panel under the action of wind, avoiding secondary noise or structural damage caused by vibration. The width of the thermal expansion and contraction expansion joint 39 is 4mm, and the width direction of the thermal expansion and contraction expansion joint 39 is consistent with the length direction of the composite enclosure component 1.

[0031] It should be noted that the width of the thermal expansion joint 39 is 4mm and its width direction is consistent with the length direction of the composite enclosure component 1. The reasonable gap width can fully accommodate the expansion and contraction of the panel when the temperature changes, and avoid the stress concentration caused by thermal expansion and contraction that leads to cracking. The design that is consistent with the length direction of the composite enclosure component 1 can accurately match the main expansion and contraction direction of the panel, ensuring the thermal compensation effect and further improving the structural stability and service life of the enclosure component under different temperature environments.

[0032] In this application, during panel splicing, the upper tongue-and-groove protrusion 31 is precisely matched with the lower tongue-and-groove groove 32 of the adjacent panel. The EPDM sealing strip in the waterproof sealing strip groove 33 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the groove, forming the first waterproof barrier. After rainwater falls to the edge of the panel, it is guided by the 4° outward-sloping water guide surface 34 on one side of the upper tongue-and-groove protrusion 31 to the drainage guide channel 35, and then flows along the guide channel to the drainage hole 36 at the lowest point to be discharged, forming a closed-loop drainage path to prevent rainwater from accumulating and seeping down. The horizontal connecting column 37 ensures the horizontal connection of the panel. The four L-shaped wind pressure limiting buckles 38 at the four corners of the back of the panel suppress the vibration caused by the wind. The 4mm wide thermal expansion and contraction expansion joint 39 between adjacent panels adapts to the expansion and contraction caused by temperature changes. The whole panel achieves the synergistic functions of stable connection, efficient drainage, wind vibration resistance and thermal compensation.

[0033] The lightweight foamed concrete core 12 integrates a gradient porous sound-absorbing module 2 for noise absorption. The gradient porous sound-absorbing module 2, from the sound source side to the back of the sound source side, sequentially includes a high-frequency sound-absorbing transition section 21, a mid-frequency sound-absorbing core section 22, a low-frequency sound-absorbing base layer 23, an acoustic impedance matching connection layer 24, a fiber-reinforced skeleton 25, moisture-absorbing and moisture-releasing regulating particles 26, and a through-type microporous channel 27, as detailed below: High-frequency sound-absorbing transition section 21: It is adjacent to the bottom of the acoustic impedance matching connection layer 24; Mid-frequency sound-absorbing core segment 22: It is embedded between the high-frequency sound-absorbing transition segment 21 and the low-frequency sound-absorbing base layer 23; Low-frequency sound-absorbing substrate 23: It is adjacent to the top of the backing reflector module 13; Acoustic impedance matching connection layer 24: It is located between the UHPC surface plate 11 and the high-frequency sound absorption transition section 21; Fiber-reinforced skeleton 25: It is embedded in the high-frequency sound absorption transition section 21, the mid-frequency sound absorption core section 22 and the low-frequency sound absorption base layer 23; Moisture-absorbing and moisture-releasing regulating particles 26: These are uniformly incorporated into the lightweight foamed concrete core 12; Through-type microporous channel 27: It sequentially passes through the high-frequency sound absorption transition section 21, the mid-frequency sound absorption core section 22 and the low-frequency sound absorption base layer 23.

[0034] It should be noted that the composite enclosure component 1 adopts a top-down composite structure consisting of UHPC surface panel 11, lightweight foamed concrete core 12, and backing reflective module 13. The lightweight foamed concrete core 12 integrates a gradient porous sound-absorbing module 2 containing components such as the first to low frequency sound-absorbing substrate layer 21-23 and the acoustic impedance matching connection layer 24. The components are arranged in a reasonable positional relationship, and the through-type microporous channel 27 runs through the three sound-absorbing zones. This integrated design not only ensures the synergistic performance of acoustic functions but also makes the structure more compact, laying the foundation for subsequent improvement of sound absorption performance and structural stability.

[0035] Among them, the porosity of the high-frequency sound-absorbing transition section 21 is 80%, the porosity of the mid-frequency sound-absorbing core section 22 is 60%, and the porosity of the low-frequency sound-absorbing base layer 23 is 40%.

[0036] It should be noted that the porosities of the high-frequency sound-absorbing transition section 21, the mid-frequency sound-absorbing core section 22, and the low-frequency sound-absorbing base layer 23 are 80%, 60%, and 40%, respectively, forming a gradient pore structure. This structure can specifically absorb noise in different frequency bands in layers, especially enhancing the absorption effect of low-frequency noise. This effectively makes up for the shortcomings of existing technologies in low-frequency sound absorption and significantly improves the attenuation efficiency of the enclosure components for the core frequency band of traffic noise.

[0037] Among them, the fiber-reinforced skeleton 25 is a basalt fiber mesh with a volume content of 0.1%–0.5%, and two fiber-reinforced skeletons 25 are distributed in each layer of sound absorption zone, namely the high-frequency sound absorption transition section 21, the mid-frequency sound absorption core section 22 and the low-frequency sound absorption base layer 23.

[0038] It should be noted that the fiber-reinforced skeleton 25 is made of basalt fiber mesh, with the volume content controlled at 0.1%-0.5%, and two fibers are distributed in each layer of the first to low-frequency sound-absorbing substrate 23. Basalt fiber itself has high strength and good stability. This distribution method can uniformly enhance the structural strength of each sound-absorbing area, prevent the sound-absorbing area from becoming loose due to high porosity, and at the same time ensure the stability of acoustic performance and extend the service life of the product.

[0039] The acoustic impedance matching connection layer 24 is a polymer-modified cement slurry with a thickness of 2 mm, and the thickness direction of the acoustic impedance matching connection layer 24 is perpendicular to the sound wave propagation direction.

[0040] It should be noted that the acoustic impedance matching connection layer 24 is specified to be a 2mm thick polymer-modified cement grout, and the thickness direction is perpendicular to the sound wave propagation direction. The polymer-modified cement grout has both good adhesion and suitable acoustic impedance characteristics. This design can reduce the reflection loss of sound waves between the UHPC surface plate 11 and the high-frequency sound absorption transition section 21, allowing more sound waves to enter the gradient porous sound absorption module 2 and be absorbed, thereby improving the overall sound absorption efficiency and enhancing the connection stability of the two-layer structure.

[0041] Among them, the moisture-absorbing and moisture-releasing regulating particles 26 are zeolite microparticles with a particle size of 0.5 mm, and the dosage is 2% of the mass of foamed concrete. They are uniformly dispersed in the pores of the through-type microporous channels 27.

[0042] It should be noted that the moisture-absorbing and moisture-releasing regulating particles 26 are zeolite microparticles with a particle size of 0.5 mm and an admixture amount of 2% of the mass of the foamed concrete. They are uniformly dispersed in the pores of the through-hole micro-channel 27. The zeolite microparticles have excellent moisture-absorbing and moisture-releasing properties, which can regulate the humidity of the lightweight foamed concrete core 12 and avoid the sound absorption effect and structural stability being affected by abnormal humidity. At the same time, their dispersion distribution does not affect the conduction and absorption of sound waves by the through-hole micro-channel 27, ensuring the stable functioning of the gradient porous sound absorption module 2.

[0043] In this application, the sound wave first contacts the UHPC surface plate 11. After the sound wave reflection loss is reduced by the polymer-modified cement slurry in the acoustic impedance matching connection layer 24, it smoothly enters the gradient porous sound absorption module 2 in the lightweight foamed concrete core 12. Relying on the gradient porous structure of the high-frequency sound absorption transition section 21 with a porosity of 80%, the mid-frequency sound absorption core section 22 with a porosity of 60%, and the low-frequency sound absorption base layer 23 with a porosity of 40%, the sound wave is conducted in layers in the through-hole microporous channel 27 that runs through each sound absorption zone. Noise of different frequency bands is efficiently dissipated by the sound absorption zone with the corresponding porosity. The basalt fiber reinforced skeleton 25 embedded in each sound absorption zone ensures the stability of the sound absorption structure. The uniformly dispersed moisture absorption-release regulating particles 26 and zeolite microparticles regulate the humidity of the core layer to avoid the effect of humidity changes on the sound absorption effect. Finally, the unabsorbed sound wave is reflected back to the sound absorption zone by the backing reflection module 13 for secondary attenuation, thus achieving efficient absorption of traffic noise, especially mid- and low-frequency noise.

[0044] The working principle of the above embodiment is as follows: The component uses the UHPC surface plate 11 as a high-strength shell to directly resist external loads. When sound waves are incident, they enter the interior after the acoustic impedance matching connection layer 24 reduces reflection loss. Relying on the gradient pore structure in the lightweight foamed concrete core 12, which consists of a high-frequency sound-absorbing transition section 21, a mid-frequency sound-absorbing core section 22, and a low-frequency sound-absorbing base layer 23, the sound waves are guided to conduct in layers within the through-type microporous channels 27 and dissipate noise of different frequency bands. At the same time, the basalt fiber reinforced skeleton 25 ensures the stability of the internal structure of the component, and the moisture-absorbing and moisture-releasing regulating particles 26 maintain a constant humidity of the core layer to ensure the long-term acoustic performance of the component. The unabsorbed sound waves are reflected by the backing reflection module 1. 3. Secondary reflection attenuation enables the building envelope component to also have a high-efficiency noise reduction function; in splicing applications, the component achieves a stable connection through the precise interlocking of the upper tongue and groove 31 and the lower tongue and groove 32, the lateral connecting column 37 strengthens the overall rigidity of the component, four wind pressure limiting buckles 38 suppress wind vibration, thermal expansion and contraction expansion joints 39 adapt to temperature expansion and contraction, and the water guiding slope 34 guides the infiltrated rainwater to the drainage channel 35 and discharges it through the drainage hole 36. Together with the waterproof sealing strip groove 33, a double waterproof barrier is formed to ensure that the building envelope component can achieve stable connection, efficient drainage, wind vibration resistance and thermal compensation in harsh environments, truly achieving the unity of structural safety and multi-functional integration.

[0045] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0046] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A building envelope element based on UHPC and foam concrete, comprising a composite envelope element (1), characterized in that: The composite enclosure component (1) consists of a UHPC surface panel (11), a lightweight foamed concrete core (12), and a backing reflective module (13) arranged sequentially from top to bottom. It also includes tongue-and-groove drainage components (3) set around the perimeter of the composite enclosure component (1), which include an upper tongue-and-groove tenon (31), a lower tongue-and-groove groove (32), a waterproof sealing strip groove (33), a water-guiding slope (34), a drainage channel (35), a drainage hole (36), a transverse connecting column (37), a wind pressure limiting buckle (38), and a thermal expansion and contraction joint (39), as detailed below: Upper tongue and groove tenon (31): It is located on one side edge of the composite enclosure component (1); Lower tongue and groove (32): It is located on the other side edge of the composite enclosure member (1) and matches the upper tongue and groove tenon (31). Waterproof sealing strip groove (33): It is set inside the lower tongue and groove groove (32); Water guiding slope (34): set on one side of the upper tongue and groove tenon (31) and inclined outward at 4°; Drainage guide channel (35): Located on one side of the lower tongue groove (32), extending from the water guide slope (34) to the drainage hole (36); Drain hole (36): It is located at the lowest point of the drainage guide channel (35); Horizontal connecting column (37): It is set between the opposite sides of the two composite enclosure components (1), and slots are opened on its left and right sides respectively; Wind pressure limiting buckle (38): There are four of them, and they are fixed to one side of the plate; Thermal expansion joint (39): It is located between adjacent panels and has a width of 4mm.

2. A building envelope component based on UHPC and foam concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof sealing strip groove (33) is used to install EPDM sealing strips, and the sealing strips are tightly fitted to the inner wall of the lower tongue and groove groove (32).

3. A building envelope component based on UHPC and foam concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse connecting column (37) is a stainless steel column with an anti-corrosion coating on its surface, and the axial direction of the transverse connecting column (37) is parallel to the length direction of the composite enclosure component (1).

4. A building envelope component based on UHPC and foamed concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind pressure limiting buckle (38) is an L-shaped stainless steel part, which is set at the four corners of the back of the plate, and the right angle side of the wind pressure limiting buckle (38) is closely attached to the back reflective module (13) of the plate.

5. A building envelope component based on UHPC and foamed concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the thermal expansion joint (39) is 4 mm, and the width direction of the thermal expansion joint (39) is consistent with the length direction of the composite enclosure component (1).

6. A building envelope component based on UHPC and foamed concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lightweight foamed concrete core (12) integrates a gradient porous sound-absorbing module (2) for absorbing noise. The gradient porous sound-absorbing module (2) includes, from the sound source side to the back of the sound source side, a high-frequency sound-absorbing transition section (21), a mid-frequency sound-absorbing core section (22), a low-frequency sound-absorbing base layer (23), an acoustic impedance matching connection layer (24), a fiber-reinforced skeleton (25), moisture-absorbing and moisture-releasing regulating particles (26), and a through-type microporous channel (27), as detailed below: High-frequency sound-absorbing transition section (21): It is adjacent to the bottom of the acoustic impedance matching connection layer (24); Mid-frequency sound-absorbing core segment (22): It is embedded between the high-frequency sound-absorbing transition segment (21) and the low-frequency sound-absorbing base layer (23); Low-frequency sound-absorbing substrate (23): It is adjacent to the top of the backing reflective module (13); Acoustic impedance matching connection layer (24): It is located between the UHPC surface plate (11) and the high-frequency sound absorption transition section (21); Fiber-reinforced skeleton (25): It is embedded in the high-frequency sound absorption transition section (21), the mid-frequency sound absorption core section (22) and the low-frequency sound absorption base layer (23); Moisture-absorbing and moisture-releasing regulating particles (26): These are uniformly incorporated into the lightweight foamed concrete core (12). Through-type microporous channel (27): It passes through the high-frequency sound absorption transition section (21), the mid-frequency sound absorption core section (22) and the low-frequency sound absorption base layer (23) in sequence.

7. A building envelope component based on UHPC and foamed concrete according to claim 6, characterized in that: The porosity of the high-frequency sound-absorbing transition section (21) is 80%, the porosity of the mid-frequency sound-absorbing core section (22) is 60%, and the porosity of the low-frequency sound-absorbing base layer (23) is 40%.

8. A building envelope component based on UHPC and foamed concrete according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fiber-reinforced skeleton (25) is a basalt fiber mesh with a volume content of 0.1%–0.5%, and each layer of sound absorption zone, namely the high-frequency sound absorption transition section (21), the mid-frequency sound absorption core section (22) and the low-frequency sound absorption base layer (23), has two fiber-reinforced skeletons (25).

9. A building envelope component based on UHPC and foamed concrete according to claim 6, characterized in that: The acoustic impedance matching connection layer (24) is a polymer-modified cement slurry with a thickness of 2 mm, and the thickness direction of the acoustic impedance matching connection layer (24) is perpendicular to the sound wave propagation direction.

10. A building envelope component based on UHPC and foamed concrete according to claim 6, characterized in that: The moisture-absorbing and moisture-releasing regulating particles (26) are zeolite microparticles with a particle size of 0.5 mm. The dosage is 2% of the mass of the foamed concrete and they are uniformly dispersed in the pores of the through-type microporous channels (27).

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