A short-radius side-drilling guide device

Abstract

This invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas extraction equipment, specifically providing a short-radius side-drilling guide device, including a guide cylinder with a sealed internal space; a power rod coaxially passes through the guide cylinder and is rotatably connected to the guide cylinder via two sealed bearings, one end of the power rod is connected to the drill bit, and the other end is connected to a rotary power mechanism; two sets of support components are mirror-arranged at both ends of the guide cylinder, each set of support components including four support wings, the four support wings being evenly arranged along the circumference of the guide cylinder, and the end of each support wing near the middle of the guide cylinder being rotatably connected to the outer wall of the guide cylinder; multiple drive components are fixed in the sealed space, used to drive the free end of each support wing to rotate towards or away from the guide cylinder. This invention, through the cooperation of two sets of support components and multiple drive components, enables the support wings at both ends and radially sides of the guide cylinder to work together to generate lateral thrust, significantly improving the lateral drilling force and moment, and enhancing the drilling effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of oil and gas extraction equipment, and more specifically, relates to a short-radius side-drilling guide device. Background Technology

[0002] In oil and gas drilling projects, short-radius sidetracking is widely used in various complex drilling scenarios as an efficient and compact drilling method to achieve construction goals such as residual oil extraction and wellbore repair. This is due to its low construction space requirements and controllable operating costs.

[0003] Existing guiding devices typically have support wings installed near the drill bit. When guidance is needed, the corresponding support wing is pushed out by a telescopic cylinder, so that the support wing abuts against the well wall to generate lateral thrust, thereby enabling the drill string to sidetrack. However, in practical applications, the ability to create skew is limited by guiding with a single support wing, making it difficult to achieve short-radius sidetracking. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides a short-radius side-drilling guide device to solve the technical problem that the existing technology has limited ability to generate skew force due to guidance by a single support wing, making it difficult to achieve short-radius side-drilling.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: a short-radius side-drilling guide device is provided, comprising: a guide cylinder with a sealed space between its inner and outer walls; a power rod coaxially passing through the guide cylinder and rotatably connected to the guide cylinder via two spaced-apart sealed bearings, one end of the power rod being fixedly connected to a drill bit and the other end being fixedly connected to a rotary power mechanism; two sets of support assemblies mirror-arranged at both ends of the guide cylinder, each set of support assemblies including four support wings, the four support wings being evenly arranged along the circumference of the guide cylinder, and one end of each support wing near the middle of the guide cylinder being rotatably connected to the outer wall of the guide cylinder; and multiple drive assemblies fixed within the sealed space for driving the free ends of each support wing to rotate toward or away from the guide cylinder.

[0006] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder, a piston, and a hydraulic control unit. The hydraulic cylinder is fixed within the sealed space, and the piston is slidably disposed within the hydraulic cylinder. One end of the piston passes through the side wall of the guide cylinder and is slidably connected to the support wing. The hydraulic control unit provides power to the hydraulic cylinder to drive the piston to slide.

[0007] Furthermore, the two sealed bearings, the inner wall of the guide cylinder, and the outer wall of the power rod together form a receiving space. The inside of the power rod is provided with a drilling fluid flow channel, and the side wall of the power rod is provided with multiple through holes. The receiving space is connected to the drilling fluid flow channel through the multiple through holes. The hydraulic control unit includes an electromagnetic reversing valve. The input end of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the receiving space, and the first output end and the second output end of the electromagnetic reversing valve are respectively connected to the hydraulic cylinder.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer wall of the guide cylinder is fixed with a box body corresponding to each of the support wings. One end of the support wing is rotatably disposed in the box body. The end of the box body rotatably connected to the support wing is provided with a connection hole. The connection hole is connected to the third output end of the electromagnetic reversing valve. The support wing is provided with a jet flow channel inside. The input end of the jet flow channel is connected to the connection hole. The output end of the jet flow channel extends towards the middle of the support wing and then passes through the side wall of the support wing away from the guide cylinder to communicate with the outside.

[0009] Furthermore, the jet channel includes a connecting section, a conveying section, and a jetting section. The connecting section is located at the end where the support wing is hinged to the box body. The first end of the conveying section is connected to the connecting section, and the second end extends towards the center of the support wing. One end of the jetting section is connected to the second end of the conveying section, and the other end extends obliquely away from the drill bit and is connected to the outside.

[0010] Furthermore, the support wing includes a rotating shaft and a push block. One end of the box body is provided with a rotating groove adapted to the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is rotatably disposed in the rotating groove. The push block is fixed on one side of the rotating shaft. A pressure roller is rotatably disposed at the end of the push block away from the rotating shaft. The axial direction of the pressure roller is perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, an arc-shaped groove is recessed on the outer side of the rotating shaft, the input end of the jet channel is located in the arc-shaped groove, and the connecting hole is connected to the arc-shaped groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer surface of the pressure roller is evenly provided with a plurality of spikes, and the tip of each spike is blunted.

[0013] Furthermore, a clearance opening is provided on one side of the rotating groove, and the rotating shaft of the supporting wing passes through the clearance opening and is rotatably connected to the rotating groove.

[0014] Furthermore, a stop block is provided on one side of the clearance opening. The stop block is inserted into the clearance opening and is detachably connected to the box body by bolts.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the short-radius side-drilling guide device provided in this application are: 1. By mirroring two sets of support components at both ends of the guide tube and cooperating with multiple independent drive components, the support wings at both ends and radial sides of the guide tube exert force together to generate lateral thrust, which pushes the two ends of the guide tube to tilt synchronously, greatly improving the lateral tilting force and tilting moment. At the same time, the design of the free end of the support wing extending to the corresponding end of the guide tube further increases the lever arm, so that the lateral thrust of the support wing can be transmitted to the guide tube and the drill bit more efficiently, further enhancing the tilting effect. 2. By setting the connection hole and the internal jet channel of the support wing, the well wall can be cleaned. At the same time, the jet section of the jet channel is set at an angle away from the drill bit, and the reverse thrust generated by the jet can be indirectly transmitted to the drill bit, providing auxiliary drilling power for the drill bit and helping the drill bit to break rocks efficiently. 3. The support wing can be protected by the cooperation between the box and the support wing. At the same time, in terms of installation and maintenance, the pivot of the support wing can be directly put into the rotating groove through the relief opening on one side of the box. The assembly of the support wing can be completed without disassembling the entire box. After assembly, it can be fixed by the stop block, which greatly simplifies the installation process of the support wing and improves the assembly efficiency. 4. By setting an arc-shaped groove to connect with the connection hole on the box, the drilling fluid can be continuously and stably delivered. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a short-radius side-drilling guide device according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a short-radius side-drilling guide device according to the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of part A; Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of the support wing and the box body of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped groove of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Guide cylinder; 11. Sealed space; 12. Receiving space; 2. Power rod; 21. Through hole; 22. Drilling fluid flow channel; 3. Support assembly; 31. Support wing; 311. Rotating shaft; 3111. Arc groove; 312. Push block; 313. Jet channel; 3131. Connecting section; 3132. Conveying section; 3133. Jet section; 314. Pressure roller; 315. Spike; 316. Slide groove; 4. Drive assembly; 41. Hydraulic cylinder; 411. Hydraulic space; 412. Sliding space; 42. Piston; 421. Plug plate; 422. Plug rod; 43. Solenoid directional valve; 5. Sealed bearings; 51. Rotary seals; 6. Box body; 62. Rotating groove; 621. Connecting hole; 63. Clearance opening; 64. Stop block; 7. Drill bit. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0020] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0021] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0022] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" or "several" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0023] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0024] Please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the following describes a short-radius side-drilling guide device provided by an embodiment of this application. The short-radius side-drilling guide device of the present invention includes a guide cylinder 1, a power rod 2, two sets of support assemblies 3, and multiple drive assemblies 4. A sealing space 11 is provided between the inner wall and the outer wall of the guide cylinder 1. Specifically, the guide cylinder 1 includes an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder (not shown in the figure). The inner diameter of the outer cylinder is larger than that of the inner cylinder, and it is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the inner cylinder. The ends of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are sealed together, thereby forming a sealing space 11 to accommodate the drive assemblies 4 (described later) and prevent drilling fluid from damaging the drive assemblies 4 (described later).

[0025] The power rod 2 is coaxially inserted inside the guide cylinder 1 and rotatably connected to the guide cylinder 1 via two spaced-apart sealed bearings 5. One end of the power rod 2 is fixedly connected to the drill bit 7, and the other end is fixedly connected to the rotary power mechanism (not shown in the figure). It should be noted that the drill bit 7 and the rotary power mechanism are existing technologies. Specifically, the rotary power mechanism includes a motor, a universal joint, a drive shaft, etc. The motor includes a rotor and a stator. During operation, the rotor is driven to rotate by drilling fluid, and the power is then transmitted to the power rod 2 via the universal joint and the drive shaft. In turn, the power rod 2 drives the drill bit 7 to rotate and drill. In addition, the power rod 2 has a drilling fluid channel 22 inside. The drilling fluid flows through the drilling fluid channel 22 to the drill bit 7 and is ejected from the drill bit 7 to cool the drill bit 7 and carry rock cuttings back to the wellhead from the gap between the well wall, the guide cylinder 1, and the rotary power mechanism. Further details are omitted here.

[0026] Two sets of support components 3 are mirror images of each other at both ends of the guide cylinder 1. Each set of support components 3 includes four support wings 31. The axial direction of the four support wings 31 is parallel to the axial direction of the guide cylinder 1, and the four support wings 31 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the guide cylinder 1. One end of each support wing 31 near the middle of the guide cylinder 1 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the guide cylinder 1. Multiple drive components 4 are fixed in the sealed space 11 and are used to drive the free end of each support wing 31 to rotate towards or away from the guide cylinder 1.

[0027] When short-radius sidetracking guidance is required, the drive assembly 4 drives the support wing 31 corresponding to the support assembly 3 in the direction close to the drill bit 7 (the support wing 31 opposite to the sidetracking direction), causing the free end of the support wing 31 to rotate away from the guide tube 1 until the support wing 31 abuts against the well wall, generating lateral thrust and pushing the end of the guide tube 1 close to the drill bit 7 to tilt in the preset drilling direction, thereby achieving lateral deviation build-up capability. Simultaneously, the drive assembly 4 drives the support wing 31 corresponding to the support assembly 3 in the direction away from the drill bit 7 (the support wing 31 in the same direction as the sidetracking direction), causing the support wing 31 to abut against the well wall, generating lateral thrust and pushing the end of the guide tube 1 away from the drill bit 7 to tilt in the drilling direction. This, through the coordinated force of the support wings 31 located at both ends of the guide tube 1 and on both radial sides of the guide tube 1, significantly increases the lateral deviation build-up force, meeting the deviation build-up requirements of short-radius sidetracking. When guidance is not required, the drive assembly 4 drives the free end of the corresponding support wing 31 to rotate towards the guide tube 1, retracting the support wing 31 to avoid affecting normal drilling operations.

[0028] It should be noted that the end of each support wing 31 near the middle of the guide cylinder 1 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the guide cylinder 1, and the free end of each support wing 31 extends to the corresponding end of the guide cylinder 1, so that the force-bearing point of the support wing 31 is closer to both ends of the guide cylinder 1, thereby efficiently transmitting the thrust to the guide cylinder 1 and the drill bit 7, increasing the directional torque, enhancing the directional drilling capability, and adapting to the high strength requirements of short-radius side drilling for directional drilling force.

[0029] The drive assembly 4 includes a hydraulic cylinder 41, a piston 42, and a hydraulic control unit. The hydraulic cylinder 41 is fixedly disposed within the sealed space 11, and the piston 42 is slidably disposed within the hydraulic cylinder 41. One end of the piston 42 passes through the side wall of the guide cylinder 1 and is slidably connected to the support wing 31. The hydraulic control unit provides power to the hydraulic cylinder 41 to drive the piston 42 to slide. Specifically, the piston 42 includes a stop plate 421 and a stop rod 422. The stop plate 421 divides the interior of the hydraulic cylinder 41 into a hydraulic space 411 and a sliding space 412. One end of the stop rod 422 is fixedly connected to the stop plate 421, and the other end of the stop rod 422 extends through the side wall of the guide cylinder 1 toward the support wing 31 and is slidably connected to the side wall of the support wing 31. That is, the side wall of the support wing 31 is provided with a groove, and the free end of the stop rod is slidably disposed in the groove, thereby pulling the free end of the support wing 31 toward or away from the guide cylinder 1. The output end of the hydraulic control unit is connected to both the hydraulic space 411 and the sliding space 412. During implementation, the hydraulic control unit provides hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic space 411 or the sliding space 412, so as to push the plug plate 421 to slide towards or away from the sliding space 412, thereby driving the plug rod 422 to push the support wing 31 to rotate.

[0030] In this embodiment, the two sealed bearings 5, the inner wall of the guide cylinder 1, and the outer wall of the power rod 2 together form a receiving space 12. Multiple through holes 21 are provided on the side wall of the power rod 2, and the receiving space 12 is connected to the drilling fluid flow channel 22 through these through holes 21. Preferably, existing rotary seals 51 are provided between the guide cylinder and the power rod, at both ends of each sealed bearing 5, so that the sealed bearings 5 ​​are in a normal pressure environment and only bear the rotational support function, thus avoiding damage to the sealed bearings 5. It can be understood that at this time, the receiving space 12 is formed by the inner wall of the guide cylinder 1, the power rod 2, and the two adjacent rotary seals 51. The hydraulic control unit includes an electromagnetic directional valve 43. The input end of the electromagnetic directional valve 43 is connected to the receiving space 12, the first output end of the electromagnetic directional valve 43 is connected to the hydraulic space 411, and the second output end is connected to the sliding space 412.

[0031] During drilling operations, drilling fluid is delivered to the drill bit 7 through the drilling fluid channel 22 inside the power rod 2, which cools the drill bit 7 and carries rock cuttings back to the wellhead. At the same time, some drilling fluid enters the receiving space 12 through the through hole 21 on the side wall of the power rod 2, forming a stable hydraulic power. When it is necessary to drive the support wing 31 to extend, the electromagnetic reversing valve 43 opens the first output end, delivering the drilling fluid (hydraulic medium) in the receiving space 12 to the hydraulic space 411, pushing the piston 42 to slide, thereby driving the support wing 31 to extend. When it is necessary to retract the support wing 31, the electromagnetic reversing valve 43 cuts off the connection between the receiving space 12 and the hydraulic space 411, and discharges the drilling fluid in the hydraulic space 411. At the same time, the second output end is opened to connect with the sliding space 412, and the support wing 31 retracts.

[0032] It should be noted that the sealed space 11 is equipped with a drilling measurement unit (not shown in the figure) that is in the prior art. It can measure borehole trajectory parameters (including dip angle and azimuth angle), formation parameters (including but not limited to azimuth resistivity and azimuth gamma), drill bit 7 build-up direction and other parameters. Specifically, the measurement data can be sent to the wellhead by wired, mud pulse or electromagnetic wave transmission methods, which will not be described in detail here.

[0033] In this embodiment, a housing 6 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the guide cylinder 1 for each support wing 31. One end of the support wing 31 is rotatably disposed inside the housing 6 to protect the support wing 31 and prevent drilling fluid and cuttings from abrading the rotating structure. The end of the housing 6 rotatably connected to the support wing 31 is provided with a connection hole 621, which is connected to the third output end of the electromagnetic reversing valve 43. The support wing 31 is provided with a jet channel 313 inside. The input end of the jet channel 313 is connected to the connection hole 621, and the output end of the jet channel 313 extends towards the middle of the support wing 31 and then passes through the side wall of the support wing 31 away from the guide cylinder 1 to communicate with the outside.

[0034] When the guide tube is in a hard formation with good cementation, the third output end of each electromagnetic reversing valve 43 is in the conducting state. The drilling fluid in the containment space 12 enters the jet channel 313 inside the support wing 31 through the connection hole 621, and is sprayed onto the well wall surface through the output end of the jet channel 313 to remove rock cuttings and impurities from the well wall surface.

[0035] In this embodiment, the jet channel 313 includes a connecting section 3131, a conveying section 3132, and a jetting section 3133. The connecting section 3131 is located at the end where the support wing 31 is hinged to the housing 6. The first end of the conveying section 3132 is connected to the connecting section 3131, and the second end extends towards the middle of the support wing 31. One end of the jetting section 3133 is connected to the second end of the conveying section 3132, and the other end extends obliquely away from the drill bit 7 and is connected to the outside. In practice, the drilling fluid enters the connecting section 3131 through the connecting hole 621, is then conveyed to the middle of the support wing 31 through the conveying section 3132, and finally is jetted away from the drill bit 7 through the jetting section 3133, continuously cleaning the surface of the well wall (well wall of hard formations with good cementation) to remove rock cuttings and impurities. At the same time, the jetting direction of the drilling fluid forms an angle with the drilling direction of the drill string, and the resulting reverse thrust can directly act on the directional drilling direction, further improving the directional drilling efficiency and accuracy, and avoiding waste of jetting force. In addition, the reverse thrust generated by the inclined jet can be indirectly transmitted to the drill bit 7, applying an auxiliary drilling thrust to the drill bit 7, helping the drill bit 7 to break rocks efficiently and improve the overall drilling efficiency. This reverse thrust works in conjunction with the lateral thrust of the support wing 31 and the rotary power mechanism to push the drill string to the target direction for side drilling, achieving more efficient and accurate short-radius directional drilling.

[0036] The support wing 31 includes a rotating shaft 311 and a push block 312. One end of the box body 6 is provided with a rotating groove 62 that is adapted to the rotating shaft 311. The rotating shaft 311 is rotatably disposed in the rotating groove 62. The push block 312 is fixed on one side of the rotating shaft 311. A pressure roller 314 is rotatably disposed at the end of the push block 312 away from the rotating shaft 311. The axial direction of the pressure roller 314 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide cylinder 1. Under normal conditions, drilling fluid is injected at high speed through the jet channel 313. Its reverse force constrains the support wing 31, keeping the support wing 31 stably within the housing 6. When it is necessary to drive the support wing 31 to extend, the piston 42 of the drive assembly 4 pushes the push block 312. The push block 312 drives the rotating shaft 311 to rotate within the rotating groove 62 of the housing 6, thereby driving the pressure roller 314 to move away from the guide cylinder 1 until the pressure roller 314 comes into contact with the well wall. During drilling and side-drilling, the guide cylinder 1 moves synchronously with the drill string, and the pressure roller 314 contacts the well wall and rolls (because the pressure roller 314 can rotate and its axis is perpendicular to the axis of the guide cylinder 1), reducing friction with the well wall while maintaining a stable lateral thrust.

[0037] By setting the pressure roller 314, the sliding friction between the support wing 31 and the well wall is converted into rolling friction, which significantly reduces contact resistance, reduces wear on the support wing 31 and the well wall, extends the service life of the device and the integrity of the well wall, and avoids insufficient thrust of the support wing 31 due to wear. The axial direction of the pressure roller 314 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide cylinder 1, ensuring that the rolling direction of the pressure roller 314 is consistent with the moving direction of the drill string, making the rolling smoother. At the same time, it can ensure the stability of the contact area between the pressure roller 314 and the well wall, thereby ensuring the stability of the lateral thrust.

[0038] Preferably, the outer surface of the pressure roller 314 is evenly provided with a plurality of spikes 315, and the tip of each spike 315 is blunted. The spikes 315 can significantly increase the friction between the pressure roller 314 and the well wall, so as to effectively limit the rotation of the guide cylinder 1 and cause deviation of the skew angle. At the same time, the blunting treatment of the tips of the spikes 315 retains the functions of anti-slip and rock cutting, while avoiding the spikes 315 from scratching the well wall and protecting the integrity of the well wall.

[0039] In this embodiment, an arc-shaped groove 3111 is recessed on the outer side of the rotating shaft 311. The input end of the jet channel 313 is located inside the arc-shaped groove 3111. The connecting hole 621 is connected to the arc-shaped groove 3111. When the rotating shaft 311 drives the arc-shaped groove 3111 to rotate synchronously, the arc-shaped groove 3111 always corresponds to the connecting hole 621 on the housing 6. This ensures that drilling fluid can continuously enter the arc-shaped groove 3111 through the connecting hole 621, and then enter the jet channel 313 through the input end of the jet channel 313, and finally be ejected from the jet section 3133. Specifically, a sealing ring (not shown in the figure) can be provided on the outer side of the arc-shaped groove 3111 to achieve a seal at the connection between the arc-shaped groove 3111 and the connecting hole 621. This better prevents drilling fluid from leaking from the connection gap, reduces power medium loss, and ensures that the jet channel 313 has sufficient drilling fluid impact force.

[0040] In this embodiment, a clearance opening 63 is provided on one side of the rotating groove 62. The rotating shaft 311 of the support wing 31 passes through the clearance opening 63 and is rotatably connected to the rotating groove 62. During assembly, the rotating shaft 311 is inserted into the rotating groove 62 through the clearance opening 63, and the position of the rotating shaft 311 is adjusted so that the arc-shaped groove 3111 on the outer side of the rotating shaft 311 is aligned with the connecting hole 621 of the box body 6, thus completing the rotatable connection between the support wing 31 and the box body 6. During maintenance, the rotating shaft 311 can be quickly removed through the clearance opening 63, facilitating the inspection and replacement of the support wing 31 without affecting the overall operation of the device. By setting the clearance opening 63, the assembly and disassembly process of the support wing 31 and the box body 6 is simplified. The installation and removal of the rotating shaft 311 can be completed without disassembling the entire box body 6, improving the assembly efficiency and maintenance convenience of the device and reducing maintenance costs.

[0041] Preferably, a stop 64 is provided on one side of the relief opening 63. The stop 64 is inserted into the relief opening 63 and is detachably connected to the box body 6 by bolts. After the support wing 31 is assembled, the stop 64 is inserted into the relief opening 63, and then the bolts are tightened to fix the stop 64 in the relief opening 63, blocking the rotating shaft 311 and preventing the rotating shaft 311 from coming out of the relief opening 63, thus ensuring a stable rotational connection between the support wing 31 and the box body 6.

[0042] In a specific implementation of this invention, during normal drilling, the rotary power mechanism drives the power rod 2 and drill bit 7 to rotate and break rocks. Drilling fluid is delivered to the drill bit 7 through the flow channel of the power rod 2 to cool the drill bit 7, and then flows back to the wellhead from the gap between the well wall, the guide tube 1, and the rotary power mechanism. When the guide tube is located in a hard formation with good cementation, the third output end of the solenoid valve is in conduction mode, and the drilling fluid enters the jet flow channel 313 through the connection hole 621 to clean the well wall. At the same time, the jet direction of the drilling fluid forms an angle with the drilling direction of the drill string, which can be indirectly transmitted to the drill bit 7, applying an auxiliary drilling thrust to the drill bit 7 to help the drill bit 7 break rocks efficiently and improve the overall drilling efficiency. During side-drilling guidance, the drive assembly 4 drives the corresponding support wings 31 at both ends of the guide cylinder 1 to rotate, causing the pressure roller 314 to abut against the well wall and generate lateral thrust, pushing the two ends of the guide cylinder 1 to tilt, thus achieving directional drilling. After the guidance is completed, the solenoid valve reversing valve 43 closes the first output end and simultaneously opens the second output end to reset the support wings 31.

[0043] It is understood that the parts in the above embodiments can be freely combined or deleted to form different combined embodiments. The specific contents of each combined embodiment will not be repeated here. After this description, it can be considered that the present invention specification has recorded each combined embodiment and can support different combined embodiments.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A short radius side tracking guide characterized by, include: The guide cylinder has a sealed space between its inner and outer walls; A power rod is coaxially inserted inside the guide cylinder and rotatably connected to the guide cylinder through two spaced-apart sealed bearings. One end of the power rod is fixedly connected to the drill bit, and the other end is fixedly connected to the rotary power mechanism. Two sets of support components are mirror images of each other at both ends of the guide cylinder. Each set of support components includes four support wings. The four support wings are evenly arranged along the circumference of the guide cylinder. One end of each support wing near the middle of the guide cylinder is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the guide cylinder. Multiple drive components are fixed within the sealed space to drive the free end of each support wing to rotate toward or away from the guide cylinder.

2. The short-radius side-tracking guide of claim 1, wherein, The drive assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder, a piston, and a hydraulic control unit. The hydraulic cylinder is fixed within the sealed space, and the piston is slidably disposed within the hydraulic cylinder. One end of the piston passes through the side wall of the guide cylinder and is slidably connected to the support wing. The hydraulic control unit provides power to the hydraulic cylinder to drive the piston to slide.

3. The short-radius side-tracking guide of claim 2, wherein, The two sealed bearings, the inner wall of the guide cylinder, and the outer wall of the power rod together form a receiving space. The inside of the power rod is provided with a drilling fluid flow channel, and the side wall of the power rod is provided with multiple through holes. The receiving space is connected to the drilling fluid flow channel through the multiple through holes. The hydraulic control unit includes an electromagnetic reversing valve. The input end of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the receiving space, and the first and second output ends of the electromagnetic reversing valve are respectively connected to the hydraulic cylinder.

4. The short-radius side-drilling guide device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer wall of the guide cylinder is fixed with a box body corresponding to each of the support wings. One end of the support wing is rotatably disposed in the box body. The end of the box body rotatably connected to the support wing is provided with a connection hole. The connection hole is connected to the third output end of the electromagnetic reversing valve. The support wing is provided with a jet flow channel inside. The input end of the jet flow channel is connected to the connection hole. The output end of the jet flow channel extends towards the middle of the support wing and then passes through the side wall of the support wing away from the guide cylinder to communicate with the outside.

5. The short-radius side-drilling guide device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The jet channel includes a connecting section, a conveying section, and a jetting section. The connecting section is located at the end where the support wing is hinged to the box body. The first end of the conveying section is connected to the connecting section, and the second end extends towards the middle of the support wing. One end of the jetting section is connected to the second end of the conveying section, and the other end extends obliquely away from the drill bit and is connected to the outside.

6. The short-radius side-drilling guide device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The support wing includes a rotating shaft and a push block. One end of the box body is provided with a rotating groove adapted to the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is rotatably disposed in the rotating groove. The push block is fixed on one side of the rotating shaft. A pressure roller is rotatably disposed at the end of the push block away from the rotating shaft. The axial direction of the pressure roller is perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide cylinder.

7. The short-radius side-drilling guide device according to claim 6, characterized in that, An arc-shaped groove is recessed on the outer side of the rotating shaft, the input end of the jet channel is located in the arc-shaped groove, and the connecting hole is connected to the arc-shaped groove.

8. The short-radius side-drilling guide device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The outer surface of the pressure roller is evenly distributed with multiple spikes, and the tip of each spike is blunted.

9. The short-radius side-drilling guide device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A clearance opening is provided on one side of the rotating groove, and the rotating shaft of the supporting wing passes through the clearance opening and is rotatably connected to the rotating groove.

10. The short-radius side-drilling guide device according to claim 9, characterized in that, A stop block is provided on one side of the clearance opening. The stop block is inserted into the clearance opening and is detachably connected to the box body by bolts.

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