An electromagnetic salvage device, system and method

Abstract

This invention discloses an electromagnetic retrieval device, system, and method. The device includes: an electromagnet assembly, and a cable assembly, a stabilizer, a spear shaft connector, and a spear shaft assembly connected in sequence. One or more of the multiple electromagnet assemblies, under the control of a controller, are energized according to preset retrieval modes to attract and retrieve target objects. The system includes: a controller, a terminal, and the aforementioned retrieval device. The controller sends corresponding control signals to the retrieval device according to the instructions, controlling one or more electromagnet assemblies in the retrieval device to be energized according to the energizing parameters set by the control signals to attract and retrieve target objects. This retrieval device, system, and method can retrieve various types of downhole metal objects according to different well conditions, has a wide range of applications, high operating speed, high overall economic efficiency, faster tripping speed, and effectively saves manpower.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of well repair and retrieval operations, and particularly to an electromagnetic retrieval device, system, and method. Background Technology

[0002] As oilfield development continues, oil wells require a large amount of construction work, such as pulling in and out various downhole tools, inspecting pumps, metal rods, and drilling rigs. During these operations, small items such as metal teeth, small drill bits, and small pipe wrenches may sometimes fall off. These small items are generally made of metal.

[0003] In traditional well workover and fishing operations, a strong magnetic retrieval device is typically used. This method involves lowering the magnetic retrieval device into the well using tubing or drill pipe. While this method works well at shallow wells, it becomes problematic at deeper wells, especially those exceeding 3000 meters. Pulling in and out the tubing wastes significant time, is physically demanding, and generates substantial oil residue, increasing post-workover costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention is proposed to provide an electromagnetic salvage device, system and method that overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an electromagnetic retrieval device, characterized in that it comprises:

[0006] Multiple electromagnet assemblies, and cable assemblies, stabilizers, spear joints and spear assemblies connected in sequence;

[0007] The spear shaft assembly includes a spear shaft; the centering body has a first through hole, and one end of the spear shaft is movably disposed in the first through hole through a spear shaft connector; the spear shaft has a second through hole, and the plurality of electromagnet groups are sequentially disposed in the second through hole;

[0008] One end of the cable assembly is used for electrical connection with an external controller, and the other end is used for electrical connection with the plurality of electromagnet groups;

[0009] One or more of the multiple electromagnet groups, under the control of the controller, are energized according to a variety of preset retrieval modes to attract and retrieve target objects.

[0010] In one embodiment, the electromagnetic retrieval device described above further includes an elastic telescopic component; the upper end of the spear shaft is connected to the elastic telescopic component.

[0011] In one embodiment, the above-described electromagnetic retrieval device includes an elastic telescopic component comprising: a first spring, a second spring, a first telescopic head, and a second telescopic head.

[0012] The straightening body is provided with an axial first slot, and the spear joint is provided with an axial second slot, with the first slot corresponding to the second slot.

[0013] The first spring is disposed in the first slot, and the second spring is disposed in the second slot;

[0014] The first telescopic head and the second telescopic head are positioned abutting against each other, with the ground clamp placed between the first spring and the second spring.

[0015] In one embodiment, the electromagnetic retrieval device described above has outwardly protruding steps at the contact ends of both the first and second telescopic heads to limit the compression stroke of the spring.

[0016] In one embodiment, the upper end of the spear shaft of the above-mentioned electromagnetic retrieval device is further provided with a boss;

[0017] The outwardly protruding steps of the first and second telescopic heads cooperate with each other to form a groove that matches the boss; the boss is engaged in the groove.

[0018] In one embodiment, the electromagnetic retrieval device described above is characterized in that the cable assembly includes a cable and a auger connected to the cable.

[0019] In one embodiment, the electromagnetic retrieval device further includes: a variable-fastening connector and a centering connector, wherein the auger head is connected to the centering body through the variable-fastening connector and the centering connector.

[0020] In one embodiment, the electromagnetic retrieval device described above further includes an upper plug and a frame; the frame is fitted inside the upper end of the spear shaft and abuts against the electromagnet assembly; the upper plug is fitted inside the upper end of the spear shaft and disposed outside the frame to limit the frame.

[0021] In one embodiment, the electromagnetic retrieval device described above further includes an electrode seal and a locking cap;

[0022] The upper plug has a stepped through hole, one end of the electrode seal is disposed in the stepped through hole, and the locking cap is disposed at the step of the stepped through hole to limit the electrode seal.

[0023] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide an electromagnetic salvage system, the system comprising: a controller, a terminal, and an electromagnetic salvage device as described above;

[0024] The controller is electrically connected to both the terminal and the salvage device.

[0025] The terminal is used to respond to the salvage mode selected by the user and transmit the instruction corresponding to the salvage mode to the controller;

[0026] The controller is used to send a corresponding control signal to the retrieval device according to the instruction, and control one or more electromagnet groups in the retrieval device to be energized according to the energizing parameters set by the control signal, so as to attract and retrieve the target object.

[0027] In one embodiment, the electromagnetic salvage system described above further includes: a plurality of sensors; the plurality of sensors are used to collect environmental parameters of the salvage device;

[0028] The controller is also used to determine whether the working status of the salvage device is normal based on the environmental parameters collected by several sensors, and to return the working status determination result and environmental parameters to the terminal for display.

[0029] In one embodiment, in the electromagnetic retrieval system described above, when the retrieval mode is a power-off unloading mode, the controller is specifically used to send a first control signal to the retrieval device according to the instruction corresponding to the power-off unloading mode, thereby controlling all electromagnet groups in the retrieval device to lose power.

[0030] In one embodiment, in the electromagnetic retrieval system described above, when the retrieval mode is the overall adsorption mode, the controller is specifically used to send a second control signal to the retrieval device according to the instruction corresponding to the received overall adsorption mode, so as to control all electromagnet groups in the retrieval device to be energized, so as to retrieve and adsorb target objects with a weight higher than the set weight.

[0031] In one embodiment, in the electromagnetic retrieval system described above, when the retrieval mode is bottom adsorption mode, the controller is specifically used to send a third control signal to the retrieval device according to the received bottom adsorption mode instruction, to control a set number of electromagnet groups at the bottom of the retrieval device to be energized, so that the retrieval device adsorbs target objects less than or equal to a set weight.

[0032] In one embodiment, in the electromagnetic retrieval system described above, when the retrieval mode is a transport and adsorption mode, the controller is specifically used to send a fourth control signal to the retrieval device according to the received transport and adsorption mode instruction, to control a preset number of electromagnet groups located at the top of the retrieval device to be constantly energized, and the remaining electromagnet groups to be intermittently energized according to a preset pattern, forming a magnetic conveyor belt to adsorb and transport the target object to the top of the retrieval device.

[0033] In one embodiment, in the electromagnetic retrieval system described above, when the retrieval mode is an independent mode, the controller is specifically used to send a fifth control signal to the retrieval device according to the received independent mode parameters, and control at least one electromagnet group specified by the fifth control signal to be energized.

[0034] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide an electromagnetic cone-type salvage method, which is implemented by using an electromagnetic salvage system as described above.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the above-described technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following:

[0036] The electromagnetic retrieval device provided in this invention can be set with multiple retrieval modes according to different well conditions. Under the control of the controller, the electromagnet assembly is controlled to retrieve various types of downhole metal objects, such as wrenches, steel balls, bolts and nuts, packer teeth, tubing short sections, etc. The same electromagnetic retrieval device can retrieve a variety of different target objects, with a wide range of applications, fast operation speed, low operation cost, high overall economic benefits, faster retrieval speed, and saving manpower.

[0037] Furthermore, the elastic telescopic component in this embodiment of the invention can effectively prevent the retrieval device from getting stuck during the lifting or lowering process in the well: the elastic telescopic component allows the spear rod to move within a certain range of stroke in the vertical direction in the well; at the same time, the protrusion of the spear rod is engaged in the groove formed by the cooperation of the first telescopic head and the second telescopic head. Since the diameter of the hole of the spear rod joint is larger than the outer diameter of the spear rod, this structural cooperation allows the spear rod to swing slightly in the well. Therefore, by shaking the spear rod up and down and left and right, the retrieval device can be effectively prevented from getting stuck.

[0038] Furthermore, the electromagnetic retrieval system and method provided in this embodiment of the invention are simple to operate and have low labor intensity. The retrieval system can efficiently complete the retrieval task through the operating terminal. Therefore, the retrieval system can effectively save a lot of human resources and high-intensity labor, and achieve automated and intelligent construction. At the same time, the retrieval system can also respond to user-defined retrieval needs. Therefore, the retrieval system can be flexibly used to retrieve various target objects.

[0039] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings.

[0040] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0041] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic salvage device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic salvage system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the terminal interaction interface of the electromagnetic salvage system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the state of the electromagnetic retrieval device after it has entered the well but has not retrieved the target object in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the state of the electromagnetic retrieval device retrieving a small target object in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the energized and de-energized states of each electromagnet group in the transport and adsorption mode of this invention.

[0048] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic retrieval device retrieving a single oil pipe section in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0050] 1-Cable; 2-Headpiece; 3-Variable buckle connector; 4-Center connector; 5-Center; 6-First spring; 7-Electrode seal; 8-Sealing ring; 9-First telescopic head; 10-Second telescopic head; 11-Upper plug; 12-Locking cap; 13-Spear rod connector; 14-Second spring; 15-Frame; 16-Coil; 17-Iron core; 18-Spear rod; 19-Lower plug. Detailed Implementation

[0051] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0052] The urgent problem to be solved is how to quickly retrieve small objects or short sections of single oil pipes that have fallen into the well, while requiring low labor intensity and simple operation.

[0053] To address the aforementioned problems, embodiments of the present invention provide an electromagnetic salvage device, system, and method.

[0054] First, a detailed description of an electromagnetic retrieval device provided in an embodiment of the present invention will be given, referring to... Figure 1 As shown, the device specifically includes:

[0055] Multiple electromagnet assemblies, and a cable assembly, a stabilizer 5, a spear joint 13, and a spear 18 assembly connected in sequence; the spear 18 assembly includes a spear 18; the stabilizer 5 has a first through hole, and one end of the spear 18 is movably disposed in the first through hole of the stabilizer 5 through the spear joint 13; the spear 18 has a second through hole, and multiple electromagnet assemblies are sequentially disposed in the second through hole of the spear 18;

[0056] One end of the aforementioned cable assembly is used for electrical connection to an external controller, and the other end is used for electrical connection to multiple electromagnet groups; one or more of the multiple electromagnet groups are energized under the control of the controller according to a variety of preset retrieval modes to attract and retrieve the target object.

[0057] The electromagnetic retrieval device provided in this invention can retrieve various types of downhole metal objects, such as wrenches, steel balls, bolts and nuts, packer teeth, and tubing short sections, depending on the well conditions. Therefore, it has a wide range of applications, fast operating speed, low operating cost, and high overall economic benefits. It also has a faster tripping speed and saves manpower.

[0058] In one embodiment, an electromagnet assembly includes at least one electromagnet, and each electromagnet assembly can be independently energized or de-energized. The on / off state and magnitude of the current in each electromagnet assembly can be adjusted by an external controller, thereby regulating the magnetic force generated by each electromagnet assembly. Each electromagnet consists of a coil 16 and an iron core 17.

[0059] In one embodiment, the aforementioned electromagnetic retrieval device further includes an elastic telescopic component; the upper end of the spear 18 is connected to the elastic telescopic component. This elastic telescopic component allows the spear 18 to move up and down within a certain stroke range, and also allows the spear 18 to sway slightly within the well when retrieving the target object.

[0060] In one embodiment, the above-mentioned elastic telescopic component includes: a first spring 6, a second spring 14, a first telescopic head 9, and a second telescopic head 10; the straightening body 5 has an axial first slot, and the spear joint 13 has an axial second slot, with the first slot corresponding to the second slot;

[0061] The first spring 6 is disposed in the first slot, and the second spring 14 is disposed in the second slot; the first telescopic head 9 and the second telescopic head 10 are abutted and placed between the first spring 6 and the second spring 14.

[0062] In one embodiment, the abutting ends of both the first telescopic head 9 and the second telescopic head 10 have outwardly protruding steps to limit the compression stroke of the spring.

[0063] In one embodiment, the upper end of the spear shank 18 is further provided with a boss; the outwardly protruding steps of the first telescopic head 9 and the second telescopic head 10 cooperate with each other to form a groove that matches the boss; the boss is engaged in the groove.

[0064] In one embodiment, the diameter of the bore in the spear shaft connector 13 is larger than the outer diameter of the spear shaft 18.

[0065] The aforementioned elastic telescopic component can effectively prevent the retrieval device from getting stuck during the lifting or lowering process in the well: the elastic telescopic component allows the spear rod 18 to move within a certain range of stroke in the vertical direction in the well; at the same time, the protrusion of the spear rod 18 is engaged in the groove formed by the cooperation of the first telescopic head 9 and the second telescopic head 10. Since the diameter of the hole of the spear rod joint 13 is larger than the outer diameter of the spear rod 18, this structural cooperation allows the spear rod 18 to swing slightly in the well. Therefore, by shaking the spear rod 18 up and down and left and right, the retrieval device can be effectively prevented from getting stuck.

[0066] In one embodiment, the cable assembly includes a cable 1 and a headgear 2 connected to the cable 1.

[0067] Cable 1 and headgear 2 are used to transmit tension to the spear shaft 18 assembly, thereby enabling the lifting and lowering of the retrieval device; and to supply power to multiple electromagnet groups so that one or more of the multiple electromagnet groups are energized.

[0068] In one embodiment, the electromagnetic retrieval device further includes: a variable buckle connector 3 and a centering connector 4, wherein the variable buckle connector 3 is sleeved on the centering connector 4, and the head 2 is connected to the centering body 5 through the variable buckle connector 3 and the centering connector 4.

[0069] In one embodiment, the spear shaft 18 assembly further includes an upper plug 11 and a frame 15; the frame 15 is fitted inside the upper end of the spear shaft 18 and abuts against the electromagnet assembly; the upper plug 11 is fitted inside the upper end of the spear shaft 18 and is disposed outside the frame 15 to limit the position of the frame 15.

[0070] In one embodiment, the spear shaft 18 assembly further includes an electrode seal 7 and a locking cap 12; the upper plug 11 has a stepped through hole, one end of the electrode seal 7 is disposed within the stepped through hole, and the locking cap 12 is disposed at the step of the stepped through hole to limit the electrode seal 7. By providing the electrode seal, the multiple electromagnet assemblies inside the spear shaft are sealed to prevent external materials from entering the spear shaft.

[0071] In one embodiment, a sealing ring 8 is installed between the electrode seal 7 and the stepped through hole of the upper plug 11.

[0072] In one embodiment, the spear shaft 18 assembly further includes a lower plug 19 connected to the bottom of the spear shaft 18.

[0073] In one embodiment, the connection between the variable thread connector 3 and the straightening body connector 4 can be, for example, a threaded connection; the connection between the straightening body connector 4 and the straightening body 5 can be, for example, a threaded connection; the connection between the straightening body 5 and the spear rod connector 13 can be, for example, a threaded connection; the connection between the upper plug 11 and the spear rod 18 can be, for example, a threaded connection; and the connection between the lower plug 19 and the spear rod 18 can be, for example, a threaded connection.

[0074] This invention also provides an electromagnetic salvage system, see reference. Figure 2 As shown, the system specifically includes: a controller, a terminal, and an electromagnetic retrieval device as described above; the controller is electrically connected to both the terminal and the retrieval device; the terminal is used to respond to a retrieval mode selected by the user and transmit the command corresponding to the retrieval mode to the controller;

[0075] The controller is used to send a corresponding control signal to the retrieval device according to the instruction, and control one or more electromagnet groups in the retrieval device to be energized according to the energizing parameters set by the control signal, so as to attract and retrieve the target object.

[0076] In practice, the computer control software receives the salvage mode selected by the user; the controller can be, for example, a ground control cabinet.

[0077] The electromagnetic retrieval system provided in this invention is simple to operate and requires low labor intensity. The retrieval system can efficiently complete the retrieval task through the operating terminal. Therefore, the retrieval system can effectively save a lot of human resources and high-intensity labor, achieving automated and intelligent construction. At the same time, the retrieval system can also respond to user-defined retrieval needs, so the retrieval system can be flexibly used to retrieve various target objects.

[0078] In one embodiment, the electromagnetic retrieval system further includes: a plurality of sensors; the plurality of sensors are used to collect environmental parameters of the retrieval device; and a controller is used to determine whether the working status of the retrieval device is normal based on the environmental parameters collected by the plurality of sensors, and to return the working status determination result and environmental parameters to the terminal for display.

[0079] Reference Figure 3 The diagram shows the terminal interface in this embodiment of the invention. Specific retrieval modes include bottom adsorption mode, transport adsorption mode, overall adsorption mode, power-off unloading mode, and independent control mode. The terminal displays environmental parameters of the retrieval device collected by several sensors, such as cable head voltage, cable head current, downhole temperature, downhole pressure, cable head tension, equipment self-test status, and the voltage and current curves of the retrieval device.

[0080] In one embodiment, when the above-mentioned retrieval mode is a power-off unloading mode, the controller is specifically used to send a first control signal to the retrieval device according to the instruction corresponding to the power-off unloading mode, to control all electromagnet groups in the retrieval device to lose power, so that the retrieval device is in a state of losing magnetic force, so that the retrieval device can be quickly and sequentially lowered into the well, instead of being sucked onto the inner wall of the casing.

[0081] In one embodiment, when the retrieval mode is a whole-body adsorption mode, the controller is specifically used to send a second control signal to the retrieval device according to the received instruction corresponding to the whole-body adsorption mode, controlling all electromagnet groups in the retrieval device to be energized, so as to retrieve and adsorb target objects with a weight higher than the set value. This whole-body adsorption mode is suitable for adsorbing and retrieving slightly heavier target objects, such as retrieving a single oil pipe section.

[0082] In one embodiment, when the above-mentioned retrieval mode is the bottom adsorption mode, the controller is specifically used to send a third control signal to the retrieval device according to the received bottom adsorption mode instruction, and control the lower part of the retrieval device to energize a set number of electromagnet groups so that the retrieval device adsorbs target objects less than or equal to a set weight, such as retrieving a small number of bolts or nuts.

[0083] In one embodiment, when the above-mentioned retrieval mode is a transport and adsorption mode, the controller is specifically used to send a fourth control signal to the retrieval device according to the received transport and adsorption mode instruction, to control the preset number of electromagnet groups located at the top of the retrieval device to be constantly energized, and the remaining electromagnet groups to be intermittently energized according to a preset pattern, forming a magnetic conveyor belt to adsorb and transport the target object to the top of the retrieval device.

[0084] In practical implementation, for example, the upper three electromagnet groups in the salvage device are constantly energized, while the lower seven electromagnet groups are intermittently energized according to a preset pattern to form a magnetic conveyor belt.

[0085] In one embodiment, when the above-mentioned salvage mode is an independent mode, the controller is specifically used to send a fifth control signal to the salvage device according to the received independent mode parameters, and control at least one electromagnet group specified by the fifth control signal to be energized.

[0086] This invention also provides an electromagnetic cone-type salvage method, which is implemented by using the aforementioned electromagnetic salvage system.

[0087] The electromagnetic salvage device, system, and method provided in the embodiments of the present invention will be illustrated below with a specific example.

[0088] The salvage device in this example is equipped with 20 electromagnets. Two adjacent electromagnets form an electromagnet group. These 10 electromagnet groups are connected to cable 1 via a circuit board and can be independently energized or de-energized. That is, the controller can independently control the energization and current magnitude of each electromagnet group.

[0089] Before lowering the retrieval device into the well, the environmental parameters and self-test status of the device were observed via a terminal. With all environmental parameters and self-test status normal, the retrieval device was slowly lowered into the well to the predetermined position using a cable car. Figure 2 The diagram shows the cable car lowering the salvage device into the well via cable 1.

[0090] Taking the retrieval of small target objects as an example:

[0091] When the retrieval device is lowered, the power-off unloading mode is selected at the terminal. All the electromagnets of the retrieval device are de-energized, thus ensuring that the retrieval device can be smoothly and quickly lowered into the well and will not be attracted to the inner wall of the casing.

[0092] Lower the salvage device to the bottom of the well to contact the fallen object, referring to... Figure 4 The image shows the state of the target object after the salvage device was inserted into the well;

[0093] During retrieval, select the bottom adsorption mode at the terminal to adsorb small objects to the bottom of the retrieval device, as per the instructions. Figure 5 The image shows the state of the small target object being retrieved and adsorbed by the bottom adsorption mode after the retrieval device has entered the well; the transport adsorption mode is selected, referring to... Figure 6As shown, the electromagnet groups are energized and de-energized when the retrieval device moves the target object. In this example, the three upper electromagnet groups are always energized, and the seven lower electromagnet groups are energized and de-energized according to a set intermittent pattern, forming a magnetic conveyor belt to transfer small target objects adsorbed at the bottom to the upper part.

[0094] When lifting the retrieval device, keep it powered on. Initially, cable 1 will bring out the small target object.

[0095] It should be noted that the appropriate retrieval mode should be selected based on the actual shape of the target object in the well, using electrostatic adsorption for retrieval. For example, when using this retrieval device to retrieve a single tubing section, the overall adsorption mode can be selected. See the specific details for further information. Figure 7 The image shows the state of a single oil pipe section being retrieved by the retrieval device using an overall adsorption mode.

[0096] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic fishing device, characterized in that include: Multiple electromagnet assemblies, and cable assemblies, stabilizers, spear joints and spear assemblies connected in sequence; The spear shaft assembly includes a spear shaft; the centering body has a first through hole, and one end of the spear shaft is movably disposed in the first through hole through a spear shaft connector; the spear shaft has a second through hole, and the plurality of electromagnet groups are sequentially disposed in the second through hole; One end of the cable assembly is used for electrical connection with an external controller, and the other end is used for electrical connection with the plurality of electromagnet groups; One or more of the multiple electromagnet groups, under the control of the controller, are energized according to a variety of preset retrieval modes to attract and retrieve the target object.

2. The electromagnetic fishing device of claim 1, wherein, It also includes an elastic telescopic component; the upper end of the spear shaft is connected to the elastic telescopic component.

3. The electromagnetic fishing device of claim 1, wherein, The elastic telescopic component includes: a first spring, a second spring, a first telescopic head, and a second telescopic head; The straightening body is provided with an axial first slot, and the spear joint is provided with an axial second slot, with the first slot corresponding to the second slot. The first spring is disposed in the first slot, and the second spring is disposed in the second slot; The first telescopic head and the second telescopic head are positioned abutting against each other, with the ground clamp placed between the first spring and the second spring.

4. The electromagnetic fishing device of claim 3, wherein Both the first telescopic head and the second telescopic head have outwardly protruding steps at their contact ends to limit the compression stroke of the spring.

5. The electromagnetic fishing device of claim 4, wherein, The upper end of the spear shaft is also provided with a boss; The outwardly protruding steps of the first and second telescopic heads cooperate with each other to form a groove that matches the boss; the boss is engaged in the groove.

6. An electromagnetic fishing device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterised in that The cable assembly includes a cable and a headgear connected to the cable.

7. The electromagnetic fishing device of claim 6, wherein Also includes: The head of the horse is connected to the straightener via the variable-thread connector and the straightener connector.

8. An electromagnetic fishing device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterised in that The spear shaft assembly also includes an upper plug and a skeleton; the skeleton is fitted inside the upper end of the spear shaft and abuts against the electromagnet assembly; the upper plug is fitted inside the upper end of the spear shaft and is located outside the skeleton to limit the movement of the skeleton.

9. An electromagnetic fishing device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterised in that The spear assembly also includes: an electrode seal and a locking cap; The upper plug has a stepped through hole, one end of the electrode seal is disposed in the stepped through hole, and the locking cap is disposed at the step of the stepped through hole to limit the electrode seal.

10. An electromagnetic fishing system, characterized in that The system includes: a controller, a terminal, and an electromagnetic retrieval device as described in any one of claims 1-9; The controller is electrically connected to both the terminal and the salvage device. The terminal is used to respond to the salvage mode selected by the user and transmit the instruction corresponding to the salvage mode to the controller; The controller is used to send a corresponding control signal to the retrieval device according to the instruction, and control one or more electromagnet groups in the retrieval device to be energized according to the energizing parameters set by the control signal, so as to attract and retrieve the target object.

11. The electromagnetic fishing system of claim 10, wherein, Also includes: Several sensors; the several sensors are used to collect environmental parameters of the salvage device; The controller is also used to determine whether the working status of the salvage device is normal based on the environmental parameters collected by several sensors, and to return the working status determination result and environmental parameters to the terminal for display.

12. The electromagnetic fishing system of claim 10, wherein, When the salvage mode is the power-off unloading mode, the controller is specifically used to send a first control signal to the salvage device according to the instruction corresponding to the power-off unloading mode, so as to control all electromagnet groups in the salvage device to lose power.

13. The electromagnetic fishing system of claim 10, wherein, When the retrieval mode is the overall adsorption mode, the controller is specifically used to send a second control signal to the retrieval device according to the instruction corresponding to the overall adsorption mode, so as to control all the electromagnet groups in the retrieval device to be energized, so as to retrieve and adsorb target objects with a weight higher than the set weight.

14. The electromagnetic fishing system of claim 10, wherein, When the retrieval mode is the bottom adsorption mode, the controller is specifically used to send a third control signal to the retrieval device according to the received bottom adsorption mode instruction, and control the lower part of the retrieval device to energize a set number of electromagnet groups so that the retrieval device adsorbs target objects with a weight less than or equal to a set weight.

15. The electromagnetic fishing system of claim 10, wherein, When the salvage mode is the transport and adsorption mode, the controller is specifically used to send a fourth control signal to the salvage device according to the received transport and adsorption mode instruction, to control the upper preset number of electromagnet groups in the salvage device to be constantly energized, and the remaining electromagnet groups to be intermittently energized according to a preset pattern, forming a magnetic conveyor belt to adsorb and transport the target object to the upper part of the salvage device.

16. The electromagnetic fishing system of claim 10, wherein, When the salvage mode is an independent mode, the controller is specifically used to send a fifth control signal to the salvage device according to the received independent mode parameters, and control at least one electromagnet group specified by the fifth control signal to be energized.

17. An electromagnetic cone-type fishing method, characterized by, The method is achieved by using an electromagnetic salvage system as described in any one of claims 10-16.

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