A mine tunnel sealing device and method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of mine safety technology, specifically to a mine sealing device and method. The mine sealing device includes: a guiding unit fixedly disposed in at least a portion of the mine shaft to be sealed; and a sealing assembly including a spraying unit and a spiral unit. The spiral unit is spirally wound around the outer peripheral wall of the spraying unit along a first sealing direction. The mine sealing device includes a sealing state. In the sealing state, the spraying unit is disposed in the guiding unit along the first sealing direction; a filling assembly moves along the first sealing direction within the spraying unit to a target position, and at least a portion of the filling assembly overflows from the spraying unit at the target position and moves along the spiral unit along a second sealing direction to fill the space between the guiding unit and the spraying unit. This solves the problem of incomplete sealing in mine sealing devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine safety technology, and more specifically, to a mine sealing device and method. Background Technology

[0002] In coal mining operations, the goaf is the underground space left after all the ore has been extracted. Over time, the surrounding rock strata collapse naturally under gravity, exposing the ore and surrounding rock to the air, causing oxidation and generating a series of harmful gases. Simultaneously, groundwater is typically present in the mining roadways. When this groundwater comes into contact with and combines with the harmful gases in the goaf, it easily forms polluting fluids, posing a serious threat to the underground environment. To ensure operational safety, groundwater needs to be drained. The conventional practice is to drill holes in the goaf walls and install pipes for drainage. However, the holes left after pipe installation (i.e., the unsealed mine shafts) become leakage channels for oxygen and harmful gases, potentially leading to the escape of harmful gases and harming human health, as well as causing fires in the goaf, posing a significant safety hazard. Therefore, effectively sealing the unsealed mine shafts is a crucial aspect of coal mine safety management.

[0003] In existing technologies, sealing devices for mine shafts typically employ perforated steel pipes. These pipes are fixed inside the mine shaft via flanges, and a power unit delivers malathion (or similar chemical compound) into the pipes. The malathion overflows through the perforations in the pipe wall, solidifies, and forms a sealing structure to achieve the seal. However, in practical applications, due to gravity, the malathion settles and accumulates at the bottom of the pipe, resulting in voids or gaps at the top. This makes it difficult to form a uniform and dense sealing layer, leading to incomplete sealing of the mine shaft. Oxygen and harmful gases can still seep into the goaf, affecting the sealing effect and posing a risk of gas leaks causing poisoning and fires. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problem of inadequate sealing in mine tunnel sealing devices, this invention provides a mine tunnel sealing device and method, comprising: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a mine shaft sealing device, comprising: The guiding unit is fixedly installed in at least part of the mine shaft to be sealed; The sealing assembly includes an injection unit and a spiral unit; the spiral unit is spirally wound around the outer peripheral wall of the injection unit along a first sealing direction; the mine sealing device includes a sealing state; in the sealing state, the injection unit is disposed in the guide unit along the first sealing direction; the filling component moves in the injection unit to the target position along the first sealing direction, and at least part of the filling component overflows from the injection unit at the target position and moves along the spiral unit along the second sealing direction to fill the space between the guide unit and the injection unit.

[0005] Optionally, the sealing assembly further includes a locking unit and a stirring unit; the stirring unit is spiral-shaped; the stirring unit is located inside the spraying unit; one end of the stirring unit is connected to the locking unit, and the other end extends from the locking unit into the spraying unit along the first sealing direction; in the sealing state, the locking unit seals the mine shaft to be sealed and abuts against the end face of the ore layer with the mine shaft to be sealed, and the filling assembly moves in the spraying unit along the first sealing direction and fills the inner peripheral wall of the spraying unit along the spiral direction of the stirring unit.

[0006] Optionally, the stirring unit includes a first stirring part and a second stirring part arranged sequentially along the first sealing direction; the second stirring part includes a first branch and a second branch in a spiral shape; the first branch and the second branch are arranged parallel to each other in the radial direction of the guiding unit; one end of the first branch and the second branch are connected to the first stirring part, and the other end extends away from the first stirring part; in the sealing state, the filling component moves along the first sealing direction in the first stirring part and fills the inner peripheral wall of the spraying unit along the spiral direction of the first branch and the second branch.

[0007] Optionally, the minimum gap between the first branch and / or the second branch and the inner peripheral wall of the spray unit is smaller than the minimum gap between the first stirring part and the inner peripheral wall of the spray unit.

[0008] Optionally, the stirring unit further includes a third stirring section; one end of the third stirring section is connected to the first branch and the second branch along the first sealing direction, and the other end extends away from the first branch and the second branch.

[0009] Optionally, the sealing assembly further includes a sealing unit; the sealing unit is connected to the end of the injection unit away from the locking unit; in the sealing state, the sealing unit is located inside the guide unit and abuts against the inner peripheral wall of the guide unit to form a sealed cavity, and the filling assembly moves within the sealed cavity along the first sealing direction and / or the second sealing direction.

[0010] Optionally, the spraying unit includes a spraying body and a plurality of spraying holes; one end of the spraying body is connected to a sealing unit and the other end is connected to a locking unit; the plurality of spraying holes are opened through the spraying body along the circumference of the spraying body; in the blocking state, the filling component moves in the spraying body to the plurality of spraying holes along the first blocking direction, and at least part of the filling component overflows from the spraying body.

[0011] Optionally, it also includes: A fixing component is located at one end of the guiding unit; wherein, in the blocking state, the fixing component is connected to the locking unit along the first blocking direction.

[0012] Optionally, it also includes: The connecting component includes a first channel, a second channel, a third channel, a first filling tube, and a second filling tube that are interconnected; one end of the third channel is connected to the injection unit through a locking unit, and the other end is connected to the first channel and the second channel; the first filling tube is connected to the first channel; and the second filling tube is connected to the second channel.

[0013] Optionally, the filling component includes a first filler and a second filler; in the blocking state, the first filler drawn by the first filling tube is transported to the injection unit through the first channel, while the second filler drawn by the second filling tube is transported to the injection unit through the second channel, and the first filler and the second filler are mixed in the injection unit.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a mine tunnel sealing method, applicable to any of the mine tunnel sealing devices selected in the first aspect, the mine tunnel sealing method comprising: Based on the obtained location parameters of the mine shaft to be sealed, the guiding unit is placed in the mine shaft to be sealed along the first sealing direction; The sealing assembly is positioned within the guide unit along the first sealing direction; Based on the provided filling component, the filling component is filled into the injection unit of the sealing component; Based on the filling component moving to the target position within the injection unit, at least a portion of the filling component overflows from the injection unit at the target position and moves along the second sealing direction on the spiral unit to fill between the guide unit and the injection unit.

[0015] Optionally, filling the injection unit of the sealing assembly with the provided filling component includes: The first and second fillers based on the filling component are filled into the spraying unit, and the first and second fillers are mixed evenly by the first stirring part of the stirring unit; wherein, the sealing component includes the spraying unit and the stirring unit, and the stirring unit includes the first stirring part and the second stirring part arranged sequentially along the first sealing direction; The uniformly mixed first and second fillers move to the second stirring section, and the uniformly mixed first and second fillers fill the inner peripheral wall of the spraying unit along the spiral direction of the first and second branches of the second stirring section; wherein, the second stirring section includes a spiral first branch and a second branch, and the first and second branches are arranged parallel to each other along the radial direction of the guide unit.

[0016] To solve the problem of inadequate sealing in mine sealing devices, this invention has the following advantages: By introducing a spiral unit, the flow path of the filling component is altered, changing from traditional vertical descent to guided flow along a spiral channel. This allows for a more uniform distribution of the filling component within the annular gap between the guide unit and the injection unit, preventing the accumulation of filling material at the bottom due to gravity. Consequently, a continuous and dense filling layer is formed between the guide unit and the injection unit, significantly improving the sealing effect of the mine shaft to be sealed, effectively blocking the leakage channels of oxygen and harmful gases, thereby reducing the risk of personnel poisoning and goaf fires. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of a mine tunnel sealing device according to one embodiment is shown. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a mine tunnel sealing device according to one embodiment is shown; Figure 3 An explosion diagram of a mine sealing device according to one embodiment is shown; Figure 4 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a mine tunnel sealing device according to one embodiment is shown; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the sealing components of a mine sealing device according to one embodiment is shown; Figure 6 It shows Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a spiral unit of a mine tunnel sealing device according to one embodiment is shown; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the stirring unit of a mine tunnel sealing device according to one embodiment is shown; Figure 9 A partial schematic diagram of the stirring unit of a mine tunnel sealing device according to one embodiment is shown; Figure 10 A partial schematic diagram of the stirring unit of a mine tunnel sealing device according to one embodiment is shown; Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the connecting components of a mine sealing device according to one embodiment is shown.

[0018] Figure label: 10 Ore layer; 11 Ore body; 12 Mine shaft to be sealed; 13 Goaf; 20 Stabilizing component; 22 Guiding unit; 30 Fixing component; 40 Sealing component; 41 Locking unit; 42 Spraying unit; 421 Spraying body; 422 Spraying hole; 43 Mixing unit; 431 First mixing section; 432 Second mixing section; 4321 First branch; 4322 Second branch; 433 Third mixing section; 44 Spiral unit; 45 Sealing unit; 50 Connecting component; 51 First channel; 52 Second channel; 53 Third channel. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The invention will now be discussed with reference to several exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are described merely to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and thus implement the invention, and are not intended to imply any limitation on the scope of the invention.

[0020] As used herein, the term "comprising" and its variations are to be interpreted as open-ended terms meaning "including but not limited to". The term "based on" is to be interpreted as "at least partially based on". The terms "one embodiment" and "an embodiment" are to be interpreted as "at least one embodiment". The term "another embodiment" is to be interpreted as "at least one other embodiment". The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing the invention and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements, or components to having a specific orientation or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Furthermore, some of the above terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides orientations or positional relationships; for example, the term "upper" may in some cases indicate a dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances. In addition, the terms "installed", "set", "equipped with", "connected", and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, elements, or components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are mainly used to distinguish different devices, elements, or components (the specific types and structures may be the same or different), and are not used to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, elements, or components. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0021] like Figure 1As shown, during the mining operations of coal mine ore body 11, the formation of goaf 13 is often accompanied by water exploration and drainage projects and subsequent drainage operations. The holes left after the operations, such as water exploration holes and drainage holes (i.e., the mine shaft 12 to be sealed), become the gas exchange channels between goaf 13 and external roadways. If the sealing is not tight, harmful gases and oxygen in goaf 13 will escape through these holes, which will not only endanger the health of underground workers, but may also cause serious fire hazards due to oxygen entering goaf 13. Existing technology often uses perforated steel pipes with flanges for fixing to seal the mine shaft 12. By conveying malathion into the steel pipe, it overflows from the holes in the pipe wall and solidifies to form a sealing structure. However, in practical applications, due to gravity, malathion is very easy to settle and accumulate at the bottom during the transportation and filling process, resulting in filling voids or gaps in the upper part of the sealing structure, making it difficult to form a uniform and dense sealing layer. This problem directly leads to inadequate sealing of the holes, allowing oxygen and harmful gases to still seep into the goaf13, failing to meet the requirements for hole sealing in mine safety management.

[0022] Example 1: This embodiment discloses a mine tunnel sealing device, such as... Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the mine sealing device includes: a guide unit 22, which is fixedly installed in at least part of the mine 12 to be sealed; a sealing assembly 40, including an injection unit 42 and a spiral unit 44; the spiral unit 44 is spirally wound around the outer peripheral wall of the injection unit 42 along a first sealing direction; the mine sealing device includes a sealing state; in the sealing state, the injection unit 42 is installed in the guide unit 22 along the first sealing direction; the filling assembly moves in the injection unit 42 along the first sealing direction to the target position, and at least part of the filling assembly overflows from the injection unit 42 at the target position and moves along the spiral unit 44 along the second sealing direction to fill between the guide unit 22 and the injection unit 42.

[0023] In this embodiment, the mine shaft to be sealed 12 refers to the borehole or hole left after the completion of the water exploration and drainage project in the goaf area 13 of the coal mine, which needs to be sealed; the first sealing direction is the direction from the mine shaft entrance to the inside of the mine shaft, and the second sealing direction is the opposite of the first sealing direction, which is the direction from the inside of the mine shaft to the mine shaft entrance.

[0024] In the sealed state, the filling component moves to the target position in the injection unit 42 along the first sealing direction and overflows from the injection unit 42. Since the spiral unit 44 is spirally arranged around the outer peripheral wall of the injection unit 42 along the first sealing direction, the overflowing filling component will move along the spiral path of the spiral unit 44 in the second sealing direction. This spiral guiding structure changes the flow path of the filling component from the traditional vertical falling or direct diffusion to guided flow along the spiral channel. Based on this structure, the filling component can achieve a more uniform distribution in the annular gap between the guide unit 22 and the injection unit 42, avoiding the problem of filling material settling and accumulating at the bottom due to gravity. As a result, a continuous and dense filling layer can be formed between the guide unit 22 and the injection unit 42, significantly improving the sealing effect of the mine shaft 12 to be sealed, effectively blocking the leakage channels of oxygen and harmful gases, thereby reducing the risk of personnel poisoning and fire accidents in the goaf 13.

[0025] In this embodiment, the mine sealing device further includes a stabilizing component 20, which comprises a guiding unit 22, a protective unit, and a stabilizing unit. The protective unit covers the outer surface of the guiding unit 22, and the stabilizing unit covers the outer surface of the protective unit. Specifically, the guiding unit 22 may be a drainage pipe, whose outer surface has a high degree of smoothness. When it directly contacts the wall of the mine 12 to be sealed, the friction is insufficient, and it is prone to displacement during installation or use. Therefore, the protective unit is made of hemp rope wrapped or covered on the outer surface of the drainage pipe. By increasing the surface roughness, the frictional resistance between the guiding unit 22 and the inner wall of the mine 12 to be sealed is improved, ensuring the positioning stability of the device during insertion. The stabilizing unit is a cement layer formed by casting, which covers the outside of the protective unit and fills the gaps between the walls of the mine 12 to be sealed. Because there are rock strata and residual coal seams above the mine shaft 12 to be sealed, they will exert great pressure on the guide unit 22. By setting a cement layer, the external load can be effectively dispersed, and the guide unit 22 can be firmly anchored in the mine shaft 12 to be sealed, preventing the guide unit 22 from deforming or shifting due to pressure, thereby ensuring the long-term stability and sealing reliability of the entire sealing structure.

[0026] like Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the gap between the stirring unit 43 and the inner wall of the guiding unit 22 gradually decreases along the first sealing direction. That is, the gap between the stirring unit 43 and the inner wall of the guiding unit 22 is smaller in the deep part of the mine than in the shallow part. This is because a denser and fuller sealing structure is required at the key position in the deep part of the mine, while the shallow area only needs to maintain a normal filling thickness to meet the sealing requirements. Based on this structure, materials and costs can be greatly saved.

[0027] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the sealing assembly 40 also includes a locking unit 41 and a stirring unit 43; the stirring unit 43 is spiral-shaped; the stirring unit 43 is located inside the spraying unit 42; one end of the stirring unit 43 is connected to the locking unit 41, and the other end extends from the locking unit 41 into the spraying unit 42 along the first sealing direction; in the sealing state, the locking unit 41 seals the mine shaft 12 to be sealed and abuts against the end face of the ore layer 10 where the mine shaft 12 to be sealed is located, and the filling assembly moves in the spraying unit 42 along the first sealing direction and fills the inner peripheral wall of the spraying unit 42 along the spiral direction of the stirring unit 43.

[0028] In this embodiment, by setting a spiral stirring unit 43, with one end connected to the locking unit 41 and extending into the spraying unit 42, the filling component must flow along the spiral path of the stirring unit 43 when moving along the first sealing direction. First, the spiral path forces the filling component to continuously change its flow direction during its forward movement, achieving thorough mixing and ensuring the uniformity of the filling component and the sealing effect. Second, the spiral guiding effect allows the filling component to uniformly adhere to and fill the entire inner circumferential wall of the spraying unit 42, rather than simply accumulating at the bottom by gravity, thereby forming a uniformly circumferential filling layer inside the spraying unit 42, ensuring compactness along the depth direction of the mine tunnel. Finally, the locking unit 41 abuts against the opening to achieve a sealing effect.

[0029] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the stirring unit 43 includes a first stirring section 431 and a second stirring section 432 arranged sequentially along the first sealing direction; the second stirring section 432 includes a first branch 4321 and a second branch 4322 in a spiral shape; the first branch 4321 and the second branch 4322 are arranged parallel to each other in the radial direction of the guide unit 22; one end of the first branch 4321 and the second branch 4322 are connected to the first stirring section 431, and the other end extends away from the first stirring section 431; in the sealing state, the filling component moves along the first sealing direction in the first stirring section 431 and fills the inner peripheral wall of the spraying unit 42 along the spiral direction of the first branch 4321 and the second branch 4322.

[0030] In this embodiment, a first stirring section 431 and a second stirring section 432 are sequentially connected along the first sealing direction, and a first branch 4321 and a second branch 4322 are arranged radially parallel within the second stirring section 432. Based on this structure, after the filling component enters the spraying unit 42, it first undergoes preliminary stirring and mixing in the first stirring section 431 to achieve preliminary homogenization of the filling components. Subsequently, the pre-stirred filling component enters the second stirring section 432 and is diverted to the parallel first branch 4321 and the second branch 4322. Since the first branch 4321 and the second branch 4322 are radially parallel, they respectively guide the filling component to different radial positions on the inner peripheral wall of the spraying unit 42—specifically, the first branch 4321 and the second branch 4322 guide the filling component to the upper and lower regions of the spraying unit 42, respectively. Thus, the filling component is uniformly distributed inside the spraying unit 42, avoiding local accumulation or dead-angle gaps that may be caused by a single spiral structure.

[0031] Furthermore, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the minimum gap between the first branch 4321 and / or the second branch 4322 and the inner peripheral wall of the spray unit 42 is smaller than the minimum gap between the first stirring part 431 and the inner peripheral wall of the spray unit 42.

[0032] In this embodiment, the second stirring section 432 fits more closely to the inner wall of the spraying unit 42 than the first stirring section 431. Based on this structure, when the filling component moves along the first sealing direction, it first passes through the first stirring section 431 with a larger gap. At this time, the flow resistance is small and the channel is wide, which is conducive to the rapid and smooth delivery of the filling component to the deep area. When the filling component enters the second stirring section 432, due to the significant reduction in gap, the filling component is forced to fit more tightly to the inner peripheral wall of the spraying unit 42. Thus, in the deep critical area, the filling component can fill the inner wall of the spraying unit 42 with a higher density and be evenly distributed on the upper wall, lower wall and side wall positions along the spiral path of the first branch 4321 and the second branch 4322.

[0033] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the stirring unit 43 also includes a third stirring section 433; one end of the third stirring section 433 is connected to the first branch 4321 and the second branch 4322 along the first sealing direction, and the other end extends away from the first branch 4321 and the second branch 4322.

[0034] In this embodiment, a third stirring section 433 is added to deeply transport and guide the filling component. Since the third stirring section 433 extends deep into the mine, it can directly guide the filling component to the target position of the spraying unit 42, making the filling material at the target position more substantial. At the same time, during long-distance transportation, the third stirring section 433 continuously applies a stirring action to the filling component to prevent the filling components from segregating due to gravity settling or flow stratification, and maintain the uniformity and flowability of the filling material before reaching the final outlet.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the sealing assembly 40 also includes a sealing unit 45; the sealing unit 45 is connected to the end of the injection unit 42 away from the locking unit 41; in the sealing state, the sealing unit 45 is located inside the guide unit 22 and abuts against the inner peripheral wall of the guide unit 22 to form a sealed cavity, and the filling assembly moves in the sealed cavity along the first sealing direction and / or the second sealing direction.

[0036] In this embodiment, a remotely enclosed filling space is constructed by setting a sealing unit 45 connected to the distal end of the injection unit 42. Based on this structure, when the filling component is conveyed to the end of the injection unit 42 along the first sealing direction, it is blocked by the sealing unit 45 and cannot continue to flow deeper into the mine. It is forced to accumulate in the sealed cavity and flow to fill along the first sealing direction and / or the second sealing direction. This effectively prevents the filling material from ineffectively flowing into the depths of the mine, ensuring that all filling material is confined within the sealed cavity inside the guide unit 22, reducing material waste. In this embodiment, the sealing unit 45 can be a disc.

[0037] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the spraying unit 42 includes a spraying body 421 and a plurality of spraying holes 422; one end of the spraying body 421 is connected to the sealing unit 45 and the other end is connected to the locking unit 41; the plurality of spraying holes 422 are opened through the spraying body 421 along the circumference; in the blocking state, the filling component moves in the spraying body 421 to the plurality of spraying holes 422 along the first blocking direction, and at least part of the filling component overflows from the spraying body 421.

[0038] In this embodiment, a multi-point, multi-directional filling material overflow structure is constructed by setting multiple injection holes 422 that penetrate circumferentially along the injection body 421. Based on this structure, when the filling component is conveyed inside the injection body 421 along the first sealing direction, it can reach the positions of each injection hole 422 distributed circumferentially and overflow from these holes to the outside of the injection body 421, thus achieving a uniform circumferential distribution of the filling component within the annular gap between the guide unit 22 and the injection unit 42.

[0039] In this embodiment, multiple injection holes 422 are disposed at one end of the injection unit 42 near the sealing unit 45. The flow path of the filling component is as follows: it first moves along the first sealing direction within the injection unit 42 to the multiple injection holes 422 (i.e., the target position), and then moves along the second sealing direction in the annular gap between the injection unit 42 and the guide unit 22. On the one hand, this ensures that the filling component is fully mixed by the stirring unit 43 inside the injection unit 42 before overflowing between the injection unit 42 and the guide unit 22. On the other hand, it ensures that the target position is filled and sealed first and most fully.

[0040] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the mine sealing device also includes a fixing component 30, which is located at one end of the guiding unit 22; wherein, in the sealing state, the fixing component 30 is connected to the locking unit 41 along the first sealing direction.

[0041] In this embodiment, the fixing component 30 can be a flange. By setting the fixing component 30 and connecting it to the locking unit 41 along the first sealing direction, the fixing component 30 serves as an outer anchor point, providing an additional installation positioning reference for the entire sealing device, facilitating precise positioning and fixing of the device at the opening by construction personnel. In this embodiment, the fixing component 30 has at least one vent hole along the first sealing direction. Since the filling component will generate some gas after mixing, a vent hole is needed to provide a channel for gas to escape.

[0042] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 11 As shown, the mine sealing device also includes: a connecting component 50, including a first channel 51, a second channel 52, a third channel 53, a first filling pipe and a second filling pipe that are interconnected; one end of the third channel 53 is connected to the injection unit 42 through the locking unit 41, and the other end is connected to the first channel 51 and the second channel 52; the first filling pipe is connected to the first channel 51; and the second filling pipe is connected to the second channel 52.

[0043] In this embodiment, through the three-way connecting component 50, different components of the filling component can be independently transported through the first filling tube, the first channel 51, the second filling tube, and the second channel 52. They are initially combined when entering the third channel 53, and then enter the spraying unit 42 through the locking unit 41 to achieve mixing of the filling component inside the spraying unit 42. By adopting the method of independent transport through multiple channels and mixing inside the device, the expansion and solidification of the filling components due to chemical reactions or changes in physical properties after pre-mixing outside are effectively avoided, thereby eliminating material waste caused by pre-mixing.

[0044] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 and Figure 11 As shown, the filling assembly includes a first filler and a second filler; in the blocking state, the first filler drawn by the first filling tube is transported to the spraying unit 42 via the first channel 51, while the second filler drawn by the second filling tube is transported to the spraying unit 42 via the second channel 52, and the first filler and the second filler are mixed in the spraying unit 42.

[0045] In this embodiment, the filling component can be malese. Through independent delivery via separate pipelines, the first and second fillers are independently delivered via the first filling pipe, first channel 51, and second filling pipe and second channel 52, respectively, driven by an external drive component (such as a blower), until they enter the spray unit 42 for mixing. This effectively avoids the problems of expansion blockage and material waste caused by pre-mixing in external pipelines.

[0046] Example 2: This embodiment provides a mine tunnel sealing method, applicable to any of the mine tunnel sealing devices in Embodiment 1. The mine tunnel sealing method includes the following steps: Based on the obtained location parameters of the mine shaft 12 to be sealed, the guide unit 22 is placed in the mine shaft 12 to be sealed along the first sealing direction; the sealing component 40 is placed in the guide unit 22 along the first sealing direction; based on the provided filling component, the filling component is filled into the injection unit 42 of the sealing component 40; based on the filling component moving to the target position in the injection unit 42, at least part of the filling component overflows from the injection unit 42 at the target position and moves along the second sealing direction on the spiral unit 44 and fills between the guide unit 22 and the injection unit 42.

[0047] In this embodiment, the flow path of the filling component is changed by the spiral unit 44, transforming it from the traditional vertical falling or direct diffusion to guided flow along the spiral channel. This allows the filling component to be more evenly distributed in the annular gap between the guiding unit 22 and the injection unit 42, avoiding the problem of filling material settling and accumulating at the bottom due to gravity.

[0048] Further, based on the provided filling component, filling the filling component into the spraying unit 42 of the sealing component 40 includes: filling the spraying unit 42 with a first filler and a second filler based on the filling component, and mixing the first filler and the second filler uniformly through the first stirring part 431 of the stirring unit 43; wherein, the sealing component 40 includes the spraying unit 42 and the stirring unit 43, and the stirring unit 43 includes a first stirring part 431 and a second stirring part 432 arranged sequentially along the first sealing direction; the uniformly mixed first filler and the second filler move to the second stirring part 432, and the uniformly mixed first filler and the second filler fill the inner peripheral wall of the spraying unit 42 along the spiral direction of the first branch 4321 and the second branch 4322 of the second stirring part 432; wherein, the second stirring part 432 includes a spiral first branch 4321 and a second branch 4322, and the first branch 4321 and the second branch 4322 are arranged parallel to each other radially along the guide unit 22.

[0049] In this embodiment, a first stirring section 431 and a second stirring section 432, along with a first branch 4321 and a second branch 4322 of the second stirring section 432, are used. This ensures that the filling component, upon entering the spraying unit 42, undergoes initial stirring and mixing in the first stirring section 431, achieving initial homogenization of the filling components. Subsequently, the initially stirred filling component enters the second stirring section 432 and is diverted into the parallel first branch 4321 and the second branch 4322. Since the first branch 4321 and the second branch 4322 are radially parallel, they guide the filling component to different radial positions on the inner peripheral wall of the spraying unit 42—specifically, the first branch 4321 and the second branch 4322 guide the filling component to the upper and lower regions of the spraying unit 42, respectively. Thus, the filling component achieves uniform distribution within the spraying unit 42.

[0050] After entering the sealing state, the external drive component (such as a blower) delivers the first filler and the second filler respectively, so that the two components are transported through their respective independent first filling pipe, first channel 51 and second filling pipe, second channel 52 to the third channel 53 for initial merging, and then enter the interior of the spraying unit 42, thereby avoiding material waste caused by external premixing. Inside the spraying unit 42, the filling component flows sequentially through the first stirring section 431, the second stirring section 432 and the third stirring section 433: the first stirring section 431 achieves initial uniform mixing of the components, the second stirring section 432 guides the mixture to the upper and lower walls of the spraying unit 42 respectively through the radially parallel first branch 4321 and second branch 4322, and the third stirring section 433 continues to extend deeper and deliver and continuously stir. Subsequently, the filling component moves along the injection body 421 to the multiple injection holes 422 opened circumferentially. It simultaneously overflows from these holes to the outside of the injection body 421 and moves along the spiral path of the spiral unit 44 in the second sealing direction, uniformly filling the annular gap between the guide unit 22 and the injection unit 42. Finally, the two-component margarine undergoes a chemical reaction and expands and solidifies inside the injection unit 42 and after overflowing, forming a continuous, dense seal from the proximal locking unit 41 to the distal sealing unit 45, completely blocking the leakage channels of oxygen and harmful gases, and achieving a long-term reliable seal for the mine shaft 12 to be sealed.

[0051] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments are specific examples of implementing the present invention, and in practical applications, various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mine shaft sealing device, configured to seal a mine shaft to be sealed, characterized in that, The mine shaft sealing device includes: The guiding unit is fixedly installed in at least part of the mine shaft to be sealed; A sealing assembly includes an injection unit and a spiral unit; the spiral unit is spirally wound around the outer peripheral wall of the injection unit along a first sealing direction; the mine sealing device includes a sealing state; in the sealing state, the injection unit is disposed in the guide unit along the first sealing direction; a filling assembly moves in the injection unit along the first sealing direction to a target position, at least a portion of the filling assembly overflows from the injection unit at the target position and moves along the spiral unit along a second sealing direction to fill the space between the guide unit and the injection unit.

2. The mine tunnel sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing assembly further includes a locking unit and a stirring unit; the stirring unit is spiral-shaped; the stirring unit is located inside the spraying unit; one end of the stirring unit is connected to the locking unit, and the other end extends from the locking unit inside the spraying unit along the first sealing direction; in the sealing state, the locking unit seals the mine shaft to be sealed and abuts against the end face of the ore layer containing the mine shaft to be sealed, and the filling assembly moves in the spraying unit along the first sealing direction and fills the inner peripheral wall of the spraying unit along the spiral direction of the stirring unit.

3. A mine tunnel sealing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The stirring unit includes a first stirring section and a second stirring section arranged sequentially along the first sealing direction; the second stirring section includes a first branch and a second branch in a spiral shape; the first branch and the second branch are arranged parallel to each other radially along the guiding unit; one end of the first branch and the second branch is connected to the first stirring section, and the other end extends away from the first stirring section; in the sealing state, the filling component moves along the first sealing direction in the first stirring section and fills the inner peripheral wall of the spraying unit along the spiral direction of the first branch and the second branch.

4. A mine tunnel sealing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The minimum gap between the first branch and / or the second branch and the inner peripheral wall of the spray unit is less than the minimum gap between the first stirring part and the inner peripheral wall of the spray unit.

5. A mine tunnel sealing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The stirring unit further includes a third stirring section; one end of the third stirring section is connected to the first branch and the second branch along the first sealing direction, and the other end extends away from the first branch and the second branch.

6. A mine tunnel sealing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sealing assembly further includes a sealing unit; the sealing unit is connected to the end of the injection unit away from the locking unit; in the sealing state, the sealing unit is located inside the guide unit and abuts against the inner peripheral wall of the guide unit to form a sealed cavity, and the filling assembly moves within the sealed cavity along the first sealing direction and / or the second sealing direction.

7. A mine tunnel sealing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The spraying unit includes a spraying body and a plurality of spraying holes; one end of the spraying body is connected to the sealing unit, and the other end is connected to the locking unit; the plurality of spraying holes are opened through the spraying body along the circumference of the spraying body; in the blocking state, the filling component moves in the spraying body to the plurality of spraying holes along the first blocking direction, and at least a portion of the filling component overflows from the spraying body.

8. A mine tunnel sealing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: A fixing component is disposed at one end of the guiding unit; wherein, in the blocking state, the fixing component is connected to the locking unit along the first blocking direction.

9. A mine tunnel sealing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: The connecting component includes a first channel, a second channel, a third channel, a first filling tube, and a second filling tube that are interconnected. One end of the third channel is connected to the injection unit through the locking unit, and the other end is connected to the first channel and the second channel; the first filling tube is connected to the first channel; and the second filling tube is connected to the second channel.

10. A mine tunnel sealing device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The filling component includes a first filler and a second filler; in the blocked state, the first filler drawn by the first filling tube is transported to the spraying unit via the first channel, while the second filler drawn by the second filling tube is transported to the spraying unit via the second channel, and the first filler and the second filler are mixed in the spraying unit.

11. A method for sealing a mine shaft, applied to the mine shaft sealing device according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The mine sealing method includes: Based on the obtained location parameters of the mine shaft to be sealed, the guiding unit is placed in the mine shaft to be sealed along the first sealing direction; The sealing component is disposed in the guiding unit along the first sealing direction; Based on the provided filling component, the filling component is filled into the injection unit of the sealing component; Based on the filling component moving to the target position within the injection unit, at least a portion of the filling component overflows from the injection unit at the target position and moves along the second sealing direction on the spiral unit to fill between the guide unit and the injection unit.

12. A method for sealing a mine shaft according to claim 11, characterized in that, Filling the injection unit of the sealing assembly with the provided filling component includes: The first and second fillers of the filling component are filled into the spraying unit, and the first and second fillers are mixed evenly by the first stirring part of the stirring unit; wherein, the sealing component includes a spraying unit and a stirring unit, and the stirring unit includes a first stirring part and a second stirring part arranged sequentially along the first sealing direction; The uniformly mixed first and second fillers move to the second stirring section, and the uniformly mixed first and second fillers fill the inner peripheral wall of the spraying unit along the spiral direction of the first and second branches of the second stirring section; wherein, the second stirring section includes the first and second branches in a spiral shape, and the first and second branches are arranged parallel to each other along the radial direction of the guide unit.

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