A well sealing automatic switch device and well repairing equipment

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of oilfield well workover, and discloses an automatic well sealing switch device and well workover operation equipment. The automatic well sealing switch device includes a height adjustment mechanism, a rotation mechanism, a telescopic mechanism, and an automatic switching mechanism; the height adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment cylinder, an adjustment cylinder, and a support rod; the rotation mechanism is connected to the upper end of the adjustment cylinder; the telescopic mechanism is arranged laterally; the automatic switching mechanism includes a fixed outer sleeve, a lifting cylinder, a lifting outer sleeve, an outer cylinder, an outer cylinder end cap, a well sealing end cap, a guide rod, a suspension blowout preventer short connector, a variable-strut short connector, a lower section short connector, an upper spring sealing sleeve, an upper spring, a bearing, a short connector connecting sleeve, and a lower spring. This invention replaces the traditional rotary valve with an automatic well sealing switch device, achieving rapid well control and emergency blowout control in automated operations, ensuring operational safety; through the reasonable layout and coordinated actions of each mechanism, efficient automatic well sealing is achieved, saving manpower and time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oilfield well workover, specifically to an automatic well sealing switch and workover equipment. Background Technology

[0002] During well workover operations in oilfields, whether manual, mechanized, or automated, problems such as lengthy installation of plug valves, high labor costs, and rushed installation all exist during blowouts. This delays the optimal time for blowout prevention and hinders effective emergency blowout control. This is especially true during automated equipment operations, where fewer personnel per shift further complicates well control and emergency blowout control efforts. Therefore, achieving automated well sealing is a pressing technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an automatic well sealing switch and well workover equipment, the technical solution of which is as follows: An automatic well-sealing switch device includes a height adjustment mechanism, a rotation mechanism, a telescopic mechanism, and an automatic switching mechanism. The height adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment cylinder, an adjustment cylinder, and a support rod. The upper end of the piston rod of the adjustment cylinder is connected to the outside of the adjustment cylinder. The adjustment cylinder is fitted around the support rod, and the lower part of the support rod is connected to the cylinder barrel of the adjustment cylinder. The rotation mechanism is connected to the upper end of the adjustment cylinder. The telescopic mechanism is arranged laterally, with its rear end connected to the upper part of the rotation mechanism. The automatic switching mechanism includes a fixed outer sleeve, a lifting cylinder, a lifting outer sleeve, an outer cylinder, an outer cylinder end cap, a well-sealing end cap, a guide rod, a suspension blowout preventer short connector, a variable-strut short connector, a lower section short connector, an upper spring sealing sleeve, an upper spring, a bearing, a short connector connecting sleeve, and a lower spring. One side of the outer wall of the fixed outer sleeve is connected to the front end of the telescopic mechanism, and the other side is connected to the cylinder barrel of the lifting cylinder. The upper end of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder is connected to the upper part of the outer cylinder. The outer cylinder end cap is fixed to the top of the outer cylinder. The outer wall of the lifting sleeve is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed sleeve. The inner wall of the lifting sleeve is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer cylinder. The well sealing end cap and the guide rod are connected as one piece and are both located on the same axis as the outer cylinder end cap and the outer cylinder. The outer conical surface of the well sealing end cap and the inner conical surface of the outer cylinder end cap can achieve a sealing fit. The upper end of the suspension blowout preventer short joint is suspended at the lower end of the guide rod. The variable buckle short joint connects the lower end of the suspension blowout preventer short joint and the upper end of the lower section short joint. The upper spring sealing sleeve is installed on the periphery of the guide rod, and its upper end is sealed to the bottom of the outer cylinder end cap and its lower end is sealed to the top of the suspension blowout preventer short joint. The upper spring is fitted on the periphery of the upper spring sealing sleeve. The bearing is fitted on the upper part of the suspension blowout preventer short joint. The short joint connecting sleeve is installed on the periphery and bottom of the bearing. The lower spring is fitted on the periphery of the middle part of the suspension blowout preventer short joint and is located between the bottom of the short joint connecting sleeve and the bottom of the outer cylinder.

[0004] Further optimization is achieved by including a telescopic cylinder, a front beam, a rear beam, and a sleeve. The front end of the front beam is fixedly connected to the fixed outer sleeve, and the rear end is inserted into the sleeve. The front end of the rear beam is fixed to the rear end of the cylinder of the telescopic cylinder. The lower part of the rear beam and the lower part of the cylinder of the telescopic cylinder are connected to the rotating mechanism. The rear end of the sleeve is fixed to the front end of the cylinder of the telescopic cylinder, and the front end of the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder is fixed to the rear end of the front beam.

[0005] For further optimization, the rotating mechanism can be a rotary reducer or a swing cylinder.

[0006] Further optimization involves hinged connection between the upper end of the piston rod of the regulating cylinder and the outside of the regulating cylinder.

[0007] Further optimization involves hinged connection between the upper end of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder and the upper side of the outer cylinder.

[0008] Further optimization involves fixing the outer cylinder end cap to the outer cylinder with bolts.

[0009] A well workover operation device, comprising the aforementioned automatic well sealing switch.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following main advantages: 1. This invention replaces the traditional plug valve with an automatic well sealing switch device, achieving rapid well control and emergency spraying in automated operations and ensuring operational safety.

[0011] 2. This invention achieves efficient automatic well sealing by rationally arranging and coordinating the height adjustment mechanism, rotation mechanism, telescopic mechanism, and automatic switching mechanism, thus saving manpower and time.

[0012] 3. The lower section of the short connector of the present invention can be adapted to different short connectors according to the type of working tubing in the well, so as to meet the requirements of different working tubing strings. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural layout of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of the automatic switching mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA section view diagram; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the invention installed at the well site; In the diagram: 1-Lifting cylinder, 2-Sealing end cap, 3-Outer cylinder end cap, 4-Front beam, 5-Sleeve, 6-Telescopic cylinder, 7-Rear beam, 8-Rotating mechanism, 9-Adjusting cylinder, 10-Support rod, 11-Adjusting cylinder, 12-Fixed outer sleeve, 13-Variable coupling short connector, 14-Lower section short connector, 15-Bolt, 16-Lifting outer sleeve, 17-Outer cylinder, 18-Upper spring sealing sleeve, 19-Guide rod, 20-Upper spring, 21-Short connector connecting sleeve, 22-Bearing, 23-Lower spring, 24-Suspension blowout preventer short connector, 25-Workover equipment, 26-Height adjustment mechanism, 27-Telescopic mechanism, 28-Automatic switch mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. Example 1

[0015] See Figures 1 to 4An automatic well-sealing switch device includes a height adjustment mechanism 26, a rotating mechanism 8, a telescopic mechanism 27, and an automatic switching mechanism 28. The height adjustment mechanism 26 includes an adjusting cylinder 9, an adjusting cylinder 11, and a support rod 10. The upper end of the piston rod of the adjusting cylinder 9 is connected to the outside of the adjusting cylinder 11. The adjusting cylinder 11 is mounted on the periphery of the support rod 10, and the lower part of the support rod 10 is connected to the cylinder barrel of the adjusting cylinder 9. The rotating mechanism 8 is connected to the upper end of the adjusting cylinder 11. The telescopic mechanism 27 is arranged laterally, and its rear end is connected to the upper part of the rotating mechanism 8. The automatic switching mechanism... 28 includes a fixed outer sleeve 12, a lifting cylinder 1, a lifting outer sleeve 16, an outer cylinder 17, an outer cylinder end cap 3, a well sealing end cap 2, a guide rod 19, a suspension blowout preventer short connector 24, a variable coupling short connector 13, a lower section short connector 14, an upper spring sealing sleeve 18, an upper spring 20, a bearing 22, a short connector connecting sleeve 21, and a lower spring 23. One side of the outer wall of the fixed outer sleeve 12 is connected to the front end of the telescopic mechanism 27, and the other side is connected to the cylinder of the lifting cylinder 1. The upper end of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 1 is connected to the upper side of the outer cylinder 17. The outer cylinder end cap 3 is fixed above the outer cylinder 17. The outer wall of the lowering jacket 16 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed jacket 12, and the inner wall of the lowering jacket 16 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer cylinder 17. The lowering jacket 16 is designed to protect the outer cylinder 17 and prevent wear caused by direct contact with the fixed jacket 12. The well-sealing end cap 2 and the guide rod 19 are integrated vertically and horizontally and are both located on the same axis as the outer cylinder end cap 3 and the outer cylinder 17. The outer conical surface of the well-sealing end cap 2 and the inner conical surface of the outer cylinder end cap 3 can achieve a sealing fit. The upper end of the suspension blowout preventer stub 24 is suspended at the lower end of the guide rod 19. Connect 13 to the lower end of the suspension blowout preventer short connector 24 and the upper end of the lower section short connector 14. The upper spring sealing sleeve 18 is installed around the guide rod 19, with its upper end sealed to the bottom of the outer cylinder end cap 3 and its lower end sealed to the top of the suspension blowout preventer short connector 24. The upper spring 20 is fitted around the upper spring sealing sleeve 18. The bearing 22 is fitted on the upper part of the suspension blowout preventer short connector 24. The short connector connecting sleeve 21 is installed around and at the bottom of the bearing 22. The lower spring 23 is fitted around the middle part of the suspension blowout preventer short connector 24 and is located between the bottom of the short connector connecting sleeve 21 and the bottom of the outer cylinder 17. Example 2

[0016] See Figures 1 to 4 An automatic well sealing switch device, based on the technical solution described in Embodiment 1, includes a telescopic mechanism 27 comprising a telescopic cylinder 6, a front beam 4, a rear beam 7, and a sleeve 5. The front end of the front beam 4 is fixedly connected to the fixed outer sleeve 12, and the rear end is inserted into the sleeve 5. The front end of the rear beam 7 is fixed to the rear end of the cylinder of the telescopic cylinder 6. The lower part of the rear beam 7 and the lower part of the cylinder of the telescopic cylinder 6 are connected to a rotating mechanism 8. The rear end of the sleeve 5 is fixed to the front end of the cylinder of the telescopic cylinder 6, and the front end of the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 6 is fixed to the rear end of the front beam 4. Example 3

[0017] See Figures 1 to 4An automatic well sealing switch device, based on the technical solution described in Embodiment 1, uses a rotary reducer or a swing cylinder for the rotating mechanism 8. The rotary reducer is a mechanical transmission product that integrates load-bearing and deceleration functions, enabling circumferential rotation and deceleration, and can withstand large axial forces, radial forces, and overturning forces. Example 4

[0018] See Figures 1 to 4 An automatic well sealing switch device, based on the technical solution described in Embodiment 1, wherein the upper end of the piston rod of the adjusting cylinder 9 is hinged to the outside of the adjusting cylinder 11; and the upper end of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 1 is hinged to the upper side of the outer cylinder 17. Example 5

[0019] See Figures 1 to 4 An automatic well sealing switch device, based on the technical solution described in Embodiment 1, wherein the outer cylinder end cap 3 and the outer cylinder 17 are fixedly connected by bolts 15.

[0020] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, its basic working principle and process are briefly described below: The height adjustment mechanism 26, rotation mechanism 8, and telescopic mechanism 27 of this device are fixed to the body of the workover equipment 25. After being positioned at the well site, the height and rotation angle of the device are first adjusted using the height adjustment mechanism 26 and rotation mechanism 8 according to the wellhead position requirements. When temporary well sealing or emergency blowout work is required, the coupling device of the small-scale workover automation device is positioned at the wellhead. At this time, the lower spring 23 ensures that the internal channel of the short circuit is always open, and the suspension blowout preventer short circuit 24 and above form a pressure relief channel. By retracting the lifting cylinder 1, the lower short circuit 14 is coupled with the coupling inside the well. The lifting cylinder 1 continues to retract, the outer cylinder 17 continues to press down, and the upper spring 20 is compressed, causing the well sealing end cap 2 and the outer cylinder end cap 3 to separate by a certain distance. The oil in the well will gush out through the gap created by the suspension blowout preventer short circuit 24 and the well sealing end cap 2 and the outer cylinder end cap 3, releasing the pressure inside the well. After the coupling is completed, the hydraulic tongs reach the wellhead position to perform the coupling operation. During the top connection, the portion below the suspended blowout preventer short connector 24 rotates with the main clamp. The bearing 22 ensures smooth rotation during the top connection. After full connection, the lifting cylinder 1 extends, moving the outer cylinder end cap 3 and outer cylinder 17 upwards until they contact the well-sealing end cap 2. The conical contact achieves a sealing effect. At this point, the upper spring 20 remains compressed to ensure a tight seal, achieving rapid well control and blowout prevention. During assembly, after the outer cylinder end cap 3 contacts the well-sealing end cap 2, the upper spring 20 has a certain amount of compression, ensuring it has a certain compressive force (directed upwards), pushing the outer cylinder end cap 3 upwards and ensuring a sealing effect. The lower short connector 14 can be adapted to different short connectors according to the type of working tubing in the well, meeting the requirements of different well tubing strings. When the temporary well seal is lifted or the well spraying is controlled, the lifting cylinder 1 retracts, the hydraulic tongs move to the center of the wellhead for uncoupling, and after uncoupling is completed, the lifting cylinder 1 rises, driving the automatic switch mechanism 28 to disengage from the well coupling and rotate to open the wellhead.

Claims

1. An automatic well sealing switch device, characterized in that, The system includes a height adjustment mechanism, a rotation mechanism, a telescopic mechanism, and an automatic switching mechanism. The height adjustment mechanism comprises an adjustment cylinder, an adjustment cylinder, and a support rod. The upper end of the piston rod of the adjustment cylinder is connected to the outside of the adjustment cylinder. The adjustment cylinder is fitted around the support rod, and the lower part of the support rod is connected to the cylinder barrel of the adjustment cylinder. The rotation mechanism is connected to the upper end of the adjustment cylinder. The telescopic mechanism is arranged laterally, with its rear end connected to the upper part of the rotation mechanism. The automatic switching mechanism includes a fixed outer sleeve, a lifting cylinder, a lifting outer sleeve, an outer cylinder, an outer cylinder end cap, a well sealing end cap, a guide rod, a suspension blowout preventer short connector, a variable-latch short connector, a lower section short connector, an upper spring sealing sleeve, an upper spring, a bearing, a short connector connecting sleeve, and a lower spring. One side of the outer wall of the fixed outer sleeve is connected to the front end of the telescopic mechanism, and the other side is connected to the cylinder barrel of the lifting cylinder. The upper end of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder is connected to the upper side of the outer cylinder. The outer cylinder end cap is fixed above the outer cylinder. The outer wall of the lifting jacket is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed jacket. The inner wall of the lifting jacket is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer cylinder. The well sealing end cap and the guide rod are connected as one piece and are both located on the same axis as the outer cylinder end cap and the outer cylinder. The outer conical surface of the well sealing end cap and the inner conical surface of the outer cylinder end cap can achieve a sealing fit. The upper end of the suspension blowout preventer short joint is suspended at the lower end of the guide rod. The variable buckle short joint connects the lower end of the suspension blowout preventer short joint and the upper end of the lower section short joint. The upper spring sealing sleeve is installed on the periphery of the guide rod, and its upper end is sealed to the bottom of the outer cylinder end cap and its lower end is sealed to the top of the suspension blowout preventer short joint. The upper spring is fitted on the periphery of the upper spring sealing sleeve. The bearing is fitted on the upper part of the suspension blowout preventer short joint. The short joint connecting sleeve is installed on the periphery and bottom of the bearing. The lower spring is fitted on the periphery of the middle part of the suspension blowout preventer short joint and is located between the bottom of the short joint connecting sleeve and the bottom of the outer cylinder.

2. The automatic well sealing switch device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic mechanism includes a telescopic cylinder, a front beam, a rear beam, and a sleeve. The front end of the front beam is fixedly connected to the fixed outer sleeve, and the rear end is inserted into the sleeve. The front end of the rear beam is fixed to the rear end of the cylinder of the telescopic cylinder. The lower part of the rear beam and the lower part of the cylinder of the telescopic cylinder are connected to the rotating mechanism. The rear end of the sleeve is fixed to the front end of the cylinder of the telescopic cylinder, and the front end of the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder is fixed to the rear end of the front beam.

3. The automatic well sealing switch device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating mechanism employs a rotary reducer or a swing cylinder.

4. The automatic well sealing switch device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the piston rod of the regulating cylinder is hinged to the outside of the regulating cylinder.

5. The automatic well sealing switch device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder is hinged to the upper side of the outer cylinder.

6. The automatic well sealing switch device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer cylinder end cap is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder by bolts.

7. A well workover operation device, characterized in that, Includes an automatic well sealing switch device as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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