A construction method for underground building in which roof construction is completed first and then subsequent work is performed

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for constructing underground buildings by first completing the top slab construction and then proceeding with subsequent operations. The method is characterized by an underground building comprising a top slab, which includes longitudinal beams and a narrow top slab, and a construction device including working shafts. The underground building excavation method includes the following main steps: 1) completing the construction of the two longitudinal working shafts (left and right); 2) completing the construction of the longitudinal beams within the working shafts, with both ends of the beams located within the two working shafts; 3) using the longitudinal beams as a reference, completing the construction of the narrow top slab within the working shafts, with the left and right sides of the narrow top slab laterally embedded in the right side of the adjacent left longitudinal beam and the left side of the adjacent right longitudinal beam, and both longitudinal ends located within the two working shafts; 4) continuing subsequent operations until the entire underground building construction is completed. Its main advantage is that it does not affect traffic and surface facilities above the underground building.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of underground engineering construction technology, specifically a method for underground building construction that involves completing the roof slab construction before proceeding with subsequent operations. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, it is almost impossible to use tunnel boring machines for short underground structures. When the top of an underground structure is shallow, traditional cut-and-cover construction methods are not feasible. Therefore, most underground passages are currently constructed using the open-cut method, which requires the construction area to be closed off on the ground. This method is particularly prone to causing traffic jams, and its main drawback is that it severely impacts traffic for extended periods. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide an underground building construction method that completes the top slab construction first and then carries out subsequent operations, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An underground structure (1) includes a top slab (1A), wherein the length direction of the underground structure 1 is longitudinal, the top slab 1A includes two or more longitudinally arranged longitudinal beams 1A1 and narrow top slabs 1A2 embedded in the longitudinal beams 1A1 on both sides laterally, the construction device 1D of the underground structure 1 includes a working well 1D1, and the underground structure 1's tunneling construction method includes the following main steps: 1) Complete the construction of the two longitudinal working wells 1D1 on the left and right sides; 2) Complete the construction of longitudinal beam 1A1 within working well 1D1, and ensure that both ends of longitudinal beam 1A1 are located within the left and right working wells 1D1 respectively; 3. Using the longitudinal beam 1A1 as a reference, complete the construction of the narrow top plate 1A2 in the working well 1D1, and make the left and right sides of the narrow top plate 1A2 laterally embedded in the right side of the adjacent left longitudinal beam 1A1 and the left side of the right longitudinal beam 1A1, with the two ends in the longitudinal direction located in the left and right working wells 1D1 respectively. 4) Continue subsequent work until the construction of underground structure 1 is completed.

[0005] As a further aspect of the present invention: the construction device 1D includes a jacking device 2 and a chain cutter excavation device 3. Assuming that the underground building 1 is constructed from left to right, the chain cutter excavation device 3 includes a chain cutter 3A for excavating rock and soil. The chain cutter 3A includes a chain 8 and an excavation cutter 9 installed on the chain 8. The chain cutter excavation device 3 includes a front end device 4 located at the front end and a rear end device 5 located at the rear end. The chain cutter excavation device 3 includes a beam excavation device 3A1 for excavating rock and soil in front of the longitudinal beam 1A1 and a top plate excavation device 3A2 for excavating rock and soil in front of the narrow top plate 1A2. The beam excavation device 3A1 includes a beam chain cutter 3A1A, a beam front end device 4A1, and a beam rear end device 5A1. The beam chain cutter 3A1A encloses the longitudinal beam 1A1, and the beam front end device 4A1 and the beam rear end device 5A1 are located at the front and rear ends of the longitudinal beam 1A1. The roof excavation device 3A2 includes a roof chain cutter 3A2A, a front end device 4A2, and a rear end device 5A2. The roof chain cutter 3A2A encloses the narrow roof 1A2, and the front end device 4A2 and the rear end device 5A2 are located at the front and rear ends of the narrow roof 1A2. The jacking device 2 includes a beam jacking device 2A1 of the jacking beam excavation device 3A1 and a slab jacking device 2A2 of the jacking top slab excavation device 3A2.

[0006] As a further aspect of the present invention: the narrow top plate 1A2 includes a reinforced concrete plate 1A2A, the reinforced concrete plate 1A2A includes several short concrete plates 1A2A1, and the reinforced concrete plate 1A2A is spliced ​​together within the working well 1D1.

[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention: the longitudinal beam 1A1 includes an I-beam 1H; the construction method of the top plate 1 includes the following main steps: 1) Complete the construction of working well 1D1; 2) Complete the installation of beam excavation device 3A1, I-beam 1H and beam jacking device 2A1 in working well 1D1; 3) Complete the construction of the I-beam 1H, and dismantle the beam excavation device 3A1 and the beam jacking device 2A1; 4) Complete the installation of the roof excavation device 3A2, the reinforced concrete slab 1A2A, and the slab jacking device 2A2 within the working shaft 1D1; 5) Complete the construction of reinforced concrete slabs 1A2A; 6) Remove the top slab excavation device 3A2 and the slab jacking device 2A2, thus completing the construction of the top slab 1.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the longitudinal beam 1A1 includes a connecting plate 6 located at the top of the longitudinal beam 1A1. The connecting plate 6 includes an inner connecting plate 6A and a U-shaped connecting plate 6U with its opening facing left. The inner connecting plates 6A, arranged at intervals from right to left, are located within the U-shape of the U-shaped connecting plate 6U. All longitudinal beams 1A1 are connected together at the top by the connecting plate 6. The chain cutter digging device 3 includes a connecting plate digging device 36. The connecting plate digging device 36 includes a connecting plate chain cutter 36A, a connecting plate front end device 46, and a connecting plate rear end device 56. The connecting plate chain cutter 36A encloses the U-shaped connecting plate 6U. The connecting plate front end device 46 and the connecting plate rear end device 56 are located at the front and rear ends of the U-shaped connecting plate 6U. As a further embodiment of the present invention: the underground structure 1 includes an upward-facing U-shaped body 1U, a top transverse beam 1E, and a main beam pile 1G. The U-shaped body 1U includes an outer wall 1B and a bottom plate 1C. The outer wall 1B and the bottom plate 1C together form the U-shape of the U-shaped body 1U. The U-shaped body 1U and the top plate 1A form a closed rectangle. The U-shaped body 1U includes several U-shaped pipe sections 1U1. The longitudinal beam 1A1 includes a main longitudinal beam 7 located at the top of the outer wall 1B. The top heights of all longitudinal beams 1A1 are equal. Let the height difference between the non-main longitudinal beams in the longitudinal beams 1A1 and the main longitudinal beam 7 be H. Then the height of the top transverse beam 1E is less than or equal to H. The two sides of the top transverse beam 1E, which is installed on the bottom plane of the top plate 1A, are fixedly connected to the inner side of the main longitudinal beam 7. The top surface of the main beam pile 1G located on the outer side of the outer wall 1B is at the same height as the bottom surface of the main longitudinal beam 7. The width of the main longitudinal beam 7 is greater than or equal to the sum of the diameter of the main beam pile 1G and the thickness of the outer wall 1B.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention: the construction device 1D includes a rectangular excavation device 1D2 fixed to the right end of the U-shaped body 1U, the rectangular excavation device 1D2 includes a front end excavation device 1D2A located at the right end and a spoil transport pipeline 1D2B located inside the U-shaped pipe section 1U1, the jacking device 2 includes a U-shaped jacking device 2U for jacking the U-shaped body 1U, and the underground structure 1 tunneling construction method includes the following main steps: 1) Complete the construction of working well 1D1 and main beam pile 1G; 2) Complete the construction of the top slab 1A and place the main longitudinal beam 7 on the main beam pile 1G; 3) Complete the construction of the first top crossbeam 1E at the opening of the left working shaft 1D1; 4) Complete the installation of the rectangular excavation device 1D2, the first U-shaped pipe section 1U1, the U-shaped jacking device 2U and the first top crossbeam 1E in the left working shaft 1D1, so that the left end of the rectangular excavation device 1D2 is fixedly connected to the right end of the first U-shaped pipe section 1U1. 5) The U-shaped jacking device 2U jacks the left end of the first U-shaped pipe section 1U1, the front end excavation device 1D2A excavates the rock and soil at the right end of the U-shaped body 1U, and the excavated rock and soil is transported to the left working well 1D1 and discharged by the excavated soil and soil. The U-shaped pipe section 1U1 then moves to the right and forward to the set distance. 6) Complete the construction of the new top crossbeam 1E; separate the U-shaped jacking device 2U and the U-shaped pipe section 1U1, install the new U-shaped pipe section 1U1, and fix the right end of the new U-shaped pipe section 1U1 to the left end of the previous U-shaped pipe section 1U1 to form a whole, and complete the installation of the new top crossbeam 1E on the bottom plane of the top plate 1A. 7) Start the U-shaped jacking device 2U and the rectangular excavation device 1D2 to jack the U-shaped pipe section 1U1 to the set distance; 8) Repeat steps 4) and 5) continuously until all U-shaped pipe sections 1U1 are completed; 9) The top of the inner side of the outer wall 1B is fixedly connected to the bottom plane of the top plate 1A, and the inner side of the outer wall 1B is fixedly connected to both ends of the top beam 1E. 10) Continue subsequent work until the construction of underground structure 1 is completed.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention: the underground structure 1 includes an underground passageway.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention: the underground building 1 includes a subway station 11, and the subway station 11 includes a central slab 1F.

[0012] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention creatively adopts a clever combination of chain cutter excavation technology and rectangular excavation device, constructing the top slab first and then carrying out subsequent operations below the top slab. The main advantages are: the construction method is safe and reliable, and it can realize the underground excavation construction of subway stations without affecting the traffic of vehicles on the ground of the subway station. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the top slab 1A and the U-shaped body 1U that make up the underground structure 1; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The AA view is also a structural schematic diagram of the longitudinal beam 1A1 and narrow top plate 1A2 that make up the top plate 1A, a structural schematic diagram of the main longitudinal beam 7 that makes up the longitudinal beam 1A1, a structural schematic diagram of the U-shaped body 1U, top cross beam 1E and main beam pile 1G that make up the underground building 1, a structural schematic diagram of the outer wall 1B and bottom plate 1C that make up the U-shaped body 1U, and a structural schematic diagram of the U-shaped pipe section 1U1 that makes up the U-shaped body 1U. Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the jacking device 2 and the chain cutter excavation device 3 that make up the construction device 1D, a structural schematic diagram of the front end device 4 and the rear end device 5 that make up the chain cutter excavation device 3, a structural schematic diagram of the beam chain cutter 3A1A, the beam front end device 4A1 and the beam rear end device 5A1 that make up the beam excavation device 3A1, and a structural schematic diagram of the beam jacking device 2A1 that makes up the jacking device 2. Figure 4 yes Figure 3 AA view; Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the I-beam 1H that makes up the longitudinal beam 1A1, and also a structural schematic diagram of the short I-beam 1H1 that makes up the I-beam 1H; Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the chain cutter 3A that makes up the chain cutter digging device 3, and also a schematic diagram of the chain 8 and digging cutter 9 that make up the chain cutter 3A. Figure 7 yes Figure 6 The C-direction view; Figure 8 yes Figure 6 The D-direction view; Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connecting plate 6 that makes up the longitudinal beam 1A1, a structural schematic diagram of the inner connecting plate 6A and the U-shaped connecting plate 6U that make up the connecting plate 6, a structural schematic diagram of the connecting plate digging device 36 that makes up the chain cutter digging device 3, and a structural schematic diagram of the connecting plate chain cutter 36A, the front end device 46 of the connecting plate and the rear end device 56 of the connecting plate digging device 36. Figure 10 yes Figure 9 BB view; Figures 11 to 12 This is a diagram showing the construction sequence for the I-beam 1H with connecting plate 6. Figure 13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the reinforced concrete slab 1A2A that makes up the narrow top slab 1A2, a structural schematic diagram of the short concrete slab 1A2A1 that makes up the reinforced concrete slab 1A2A, a structural schematic diagram of the slab pushing device 2A2 that makes up the jacking device 2, a structural schematic diagram of the top slab digging device 3A2 that makes up the chain cutter digging device 3, and a structural schematic diagram of the top slab chain cutter 3A2A, the front end device 4A2 and the rear end device 5A2 that make up the top slab digging device 3A2. Figure 14 yes Figure 13 AA view; Figures 14 to 17 This is the work sequence diagram for constructing the narrow roof slab 1A2; Figure 18 This is a structural schematic diagram of the working well 1D1 and the rectangular excavation device 1D2 that make up the construction device 1D, and also a structural schematic diagram of the front face excavation device 1D2A and the spoil transport pipeline 1D2B that make up the rectangular excavation device 1D2. Figures 18 to 22 This is a diagram showing the construction sequence for the U-shaped structure 1U. Figure 20 This is also a schematic diagram of the structure of the U-shaped jacking device 2U that makes up the jacking device 2; Figure 22 This is a structural schematic diagram of the subway station 11 that makes up the underground building 1, and also a structural schematic diagram of the middle slab 1F that makes up the subway station 11.

[0014] Underground structure 1, top slab 1A, longitudinal beam 1A1, narrow top slab 1A2, reinforced concrete slab 1A2A, short concrete slab 1A2A1, exterior wall 1B, bottom slab 1C, construction equipment 1D, working shaft 1D1, rectangular excavation equipment 1D2, front face excavation equipment 1D2A, spoil transport pipeline 1D2B, top crossbeam 1E, middle slab 1F, main beam pile 1G, I-beam 1H, short I-beam 1H1, U-shaped body 1U, U-shaped pipe section 1U1, subway station 11, jacking device 2, beam jacking device 2A1, slab jacking device 2A2 2U U-shaped jacking device, 3 chain cutter digging device, 3A chain cutter, 3A1 beam digging device, 3A1A beam chain cutter, 3A2 roof digging device, 3A2A roof chain cutter, 36 connecting plate digging device, 36A connecting plate chain cutter, 4 front end device, 4A1 beam front end device, 4A2 plate front end device, 46 connecting plate front end device, 5 rear end device, 5A1 beam rear end device, 5A2 plate rear end device, 56 connecting plate rear end device, 6 connecting plate, 6A inner connecting plate, 6U U-shaped connecting plate, 7 main longitudinal beam, 8 chain, 9 digging cutter. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] Please see Figures 1-22 The underground structure 1 includes a top slab 1A. The length of the underground structure 1 is longitudinal. The top slab 1A includes two or more longitudinally arranged beams 1A1 and narrow top slabs 1A2 embedded in the longitudinal beams 1A1 on both sides laterally. The construction device 1D of the underground structure 1 includes a working shaft 1D1. The underground structure 1's tunneling construction method includes the following main steps: 1) Complete the construction of the two longitudinal working wells 1D1 on the left and right sides; 2) Complete the construction of longitudinal beam 1A1 within working well 1D1, and ensure that both ends of longitudinal beam 1A1 are located within the left and right working wells 1D1 respectively; 3. Using the longitudinal beam 1A1 as a reference, complete the construction of the narrow top plate 1A2 in the working well 1D1, and make the left and right sides of the narrow top plate 1A2 laterally embedded in the right side of the adjacent left longitudinal beam 1A1 and the left side of the right longitudinal beam 1A1, with the two ends in the longitudinal direction located in the left and right working wells 1D1 respectively. 4) Continue subsequent work until the construction of underground structure 1 is completed.

[0017] It should be noted that the longitudinal beam 1A1 can also adopt the same structure as the narrow top plate 1A2.

[0018] It should be noted that the longitudinal beams 1A1 in step 2 can be constructed one by one.

[0019] It should be noted that: Working shaft 1D1 can be equipped with three working shafts: left, middle and right. Underground construction starts from the middle working shaft and proceeds to the left and right sides. More working shafts can also be used.

[0020] It should be noted that step 2 can be completed by using the same principle as horizontal directional drilling to construct the longitudinal beam 1A1.

[0021] The construction device 1D includes a jacking device 2 and a chain cutter excavation device 3. Assuming that the underground structure 1 is constructed from left to right, the chain cutter excavation device 3 includes a chain cutter 3A for excavating rock and soil. The chain cutter 3A includes a chain 8 and an excavation cutter 9 installed on the chain 8. The chain cutter excavation device 3 includes a front end device 4 located at the front end and a rear end device 5 located at the rear end. The chain cutter excavation device 3 includes a beam excavation device 3A1 for excavating rock and soil in front of the longitudinal beam 1A1 and a top slab excavation device 3A2 for excavating rock and soil in front of the narrow top slab 1A2. The beam excavation device 3A1 includes a beam chain cutter 3A1A, a beam front end device 4A1, and a beam rear end device 5A1. The beam chain cutter 3A1A encloses the longitudinal beam 1A1, and the beam front end device 4A1 and the beam rear end device 5A1 are located at the front and rear ends of the longitudinal beam 1A1. The roof excavation device 3A2 includes a roof chain cutter 3A2A, a front end device 4A2, and a rear end device 5A2. The roof chain cutter 3A2A encloses the narrow roof 1A2, and the front end device 4A2 and the rear end device 5A2 are located at the front and rear ends of the narrow roof 1A2. The jacking device 2 includes a beam jacking device 2A1 of the jacking beam excavation device 3A1 and a slab jacking device 2A2 of the jacking top slab excavation device 3A2.

[0022] The narrow top plate 1A2 includes a reinforced concrete plate 1A2A, which includes several short concrete plates 1A2A1. The reinforced concrete plate 1A2A is spliced ​​together within the working well 1D1.

[0023] The longitudinal beam 1A1 includes an I-beam 1H; the construction method of the top plate 1 includes the following main steps: 1) Complete the construction of working well 1D1; 2) Complete the installation of beam excavation device 3A1, I-beam 1H and beam jacking device 2A1 in working well 1D1; 3) Complete the construction of the I-beam 1H, and dismantle the beam excavation device 3A1 and the beam jacking device 2A1; 4) Complete the installation of the roof excavation device 3A2, the reinforced concrete slab 1A2A, and the slab jacking device 2A2 within the working shaft 1D1; 5) Complete the construction of reinforced concrete slabs 1A2A; 6) Remove the top slab excavation device 3A2 and the slab jacking device 2A2, thus completing the construction of the top slab 1.

[0024] It should be noted that the two sides of the I-shaped steel 1H can be the chain cutter cover of beam chain cutter 3A1A when constructing longitudinal beam 1A1, and the chain cutter cover of plate chain cutter 3A2A when constructing narrow top plate 1A2.

[0025] It should be noted that: I-beam 1H can also be made by splicing together several short I-beams 1H1.

[0026] The longitudinal beam 1A1 includes a connecting plate 6 located at the top of the longitudinal beam 1A1. The connecting plate 6 includes an inner connecting plate 6A and a U-shaped connecting plate 6U with its opening facing left. The inner connecting plates 6A, arranged at intervals from right to left, are located within the U-shape of the U-shaped connecting plate 6U. All longitudinal beams 1A1 are connected together at the top by the connecting plates 6. The chain cutter digging device 3 includes a connecting plate digging device 36. The connecting plate digging device 36 includes a connecting plate chain cutter 36A, a connecting plate front end device 46, and a connecting plate rear end device 56. The connecting plate chain cutter 36A encloses the U-shaped connecting plate 6U. The connecting plate front end device 46 and the connecting plate rear end device 56 are located at the front and rear ends of the U-shaped connecting plate 6U. It should be noted that when the connecting plate 6 is made of thin steel plate, the excavation device 36 can be used without the connecting plate.

[0027] It should be noted that chain cutter covers can be provided on both sides of the U-shaped connecting plate 6U, and the chain cutters 36A on both sides of the connecting plate run inside the chain cutter covers.

[0028] The underground structure 1 includes an upward-facing U-shaped body 1U, a top transverse beam 1E, and a main beam pile 1G. The U-shaped body 1U includes an outer wall 1B and a bottom plate 1C. The outer wall 1B and the bottom plate 1C together form the U-shape of the U-shaped body 1U. The U-shaped body 1U and the top plate 1A form a closed rectangle. The U-shaped body 1U includes several U-shaped pipe sections 1U1. The longitudinal beam 1A1 includes a main longitudinal beam 7 located at the top of the outer wall 1B. All longitudinal beams 1A1 have the same top height. If the height difference between the non-main longitudinal beams in the longitudinal beams 1A1 and the main longitudinal beam 7 is H, then the height of the top transverse beam 1E is less than or equal to H. The two sides of the top transverse beam 1E, which is installed on the bottom plane of the top plate 1A, are fixedly connected to the inner side of the main longitudinal beam 7. The top surface of the main beam pile 1G located on the outer side of the outer wall 1B is at the same height as the bottom surface of the main longitudinal beam 7. The width of the main longitudinal beam 7 is greater than or equal to the sum of the diameter of the main beam pile 1G and the thickness of the outer wall 1B.

[0029] The construction device 1D includes a rectangular excavation device 1D2 fixed to the right end of the U-shaped body 1U. The rectangular excavation device 1D2 includes a front end excavation device 1D2A located at the right end and a spoil transport pipeline 1D2B located inside the U-shaped pipe section 1U1. The jacking device 2 includes a U-shaped jacking device 2U for jacking the U-shaped body 1U. The underground structure 1 tunneling construction method includes the following main steps: 1) Complete the construction of working well 1D1 and main beam pile 1G; 2) Complete the construction of the top slab 1A and place the main longitudinal beam 7 on the main beam pile 1G; 3) Complete the construction of the first top crossbeam 1E at the opening of the left working shaft 1D1; 4) Complete the installation of the rectangular excavation device 1D2, the first U-shaped pipe section 1U1, the U-shaped jacking device 2U and the first top crossbeam 1E in the left working shaft 1D1, so that the left end of the rectangular excavation device 1D2 is fixedly connected to the right end of the first U-shaped pipe section 1U1. 5) The U-shaped jacking device 2U jacks the left end of the first U-shaped pipe section 1U1, the front end excavation device 1D2A excavates the rock and soil at the right end of the U-shaped body 1U, and the excavated rock and soil is transported to the left working well 1D1 and discharged by the excavated soil and soil. The U-shaped pipe section 1U1 then moves to the right and forward to the set distance. 6) Complete the construction of the new top crossbeam 1E; separate the U-shaped jacking device 2U and the U-shaped pipe section 1U1, install the new U-shaped pipe section 1U1, and fix the right end of the new U-shaped pipe section 1U1 to the left end of the previous U-shaped pipe section 1U1 to form a whole, and complete the installation of the new top crossbeam 1E on the bottom plane of the top plate 1A. 7) Start the U-shaped jacking device 2U and the rectangular excavation device 1D2 to jack the U-shaped pipe section 1U1 to the set distance; 8) Repeat steps 4) and 5) continuously until all U-shaped pipe sections 1U1 are completed; 9) The top of the inner side of the outer wall 1B is fixedly connected to the bottom plane of the top plate 1A, and the inner side of the outer wall 1B is fixedly connected to both ends of the top beam 1E. 10) Continue subsequent work until the construction of underground structure 1 is completed.

[0030] It should be noted that the front-end excavation device 1D2A can be a chain excavation device.

[0031] The underground structure 1 includes an underground passageway.

[0032] The underground structure 1 includes a subway station 11, and the subway station 11 includes a central slab 1F.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "front," and "rear," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. In this invention, it should also be noted that the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integrally formed connection, a mechanical connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the terms in this invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A construction method for underground buildings that involves completing the roof slab construction before proceeding with subsequent operations, characterized by the underground... The building (1) includes a top slab (1A). The length direction of the underground building (1) is longitudinal. The top slab (1A) includes two or more longitudinally arranged beams (1A1) and narrow top slabs (1A2) embedded in the longitudinal beams (1A1) on both sides. The construction device (1D) of the underground building (1) includes a working shaft (1D1). The underground building (1) is constructed by tunneling and excavation, which includes the following main steps: 1) Complete the construction of the two longitudinal working wells (1D1) on the left and right sides; 2) Complete the construction of the longitudinal beam (1A1) within the working area (1D1), and ensure that both ends of the longitudinal beam (1A1) are located in the left and right working wells (1D1) respectively; 3. Using the longitudinal beam (1A1) as a reference, complete the construction of the narrow top plate (1A2) in the working well (1D1), and make the left and right sides of the narrow top plate (1A2) embed into the right side of the adjacent left longitudinal beam (1A1) and the left side of the right longitudinal beam (1A1) on the transverse side, with the two ends in the longitudinal direction located in the left and right working wells (1D1) respectively. 4) Continue subsequent work until the construction of the underground building (1) is completed.

2. The underground building construction method according to claim 1, which involves completing the roof slab construction first and then carrying out subsequent operations, is characterized in that... The construction device (1D) includes a jacking device (2) and a chain cutter excavation device (3). Assuming that the underground building (1) is constructed from left to right, the chain cutter excavation device (3) includes a chain cutter (3A) for excavating soil and rock. The chain cutter (3A) includes a chain (8) and an excavation cutter (9) installed on the chain (8). The chain cutter excavation device (3) includes a front end device (4) located at the front end and a rear end device (5) located at the rear end. The chain cutter excavation device (3) includes a beam excavation device (3A1) for excavating soil and rock in front of the longitudinal beam (1A1) and a top plate excavation device (3A2) for excavating soil and rock in front of the narrow top plate (1A2). The beam excavation device (3A1) includes a beam cutter chain (3A1A), a beam front end device (4A1), and a beam rear end device (5A1). The beam cutter chain (3A1A) encloses the longitudinal beam (1A1), and the beam front end device (4A1) and the beam rear end device (5A1) are located at the front and rear ends of the longitudinal beam (1A1). The roof excavation device (3A2) includes a roof cutter chain (3A2A), a front end device (4A2), and a rear end device (5A2). The roof cutter chain (3A2A) encloses the narrow roof (1A2), and the front end device (4A2) and the rear end device (5A2) are located at the front and rear ends of the narrow roof (1A2). The jacking device (2) includes a beam jacking device (2A1) of the jacking beam excavation device (3A1) and a slab jacking device (2A2) of the jacking slab excavation device (3A2).

3. The underground building construction method according to claim 2, which involves completing the top slab construction first and then carrying out subsequent operations, is characterized in that the narrow top slab (1A2) includes a reinforced concrete slab (1A2A), the reinforced concrete slab (1A2A) includes several short concrete slabs (1A2A1), and the reinforced concrete slabs (1A2A) are spliced ​​together in the working shaft (1D1).

4. The underground building construction method according to claim 2, which involves completing the roof slab construction first and then carrying out subsequent operations, is characterized in that... The longitudinal beam (1A1) includes I-beams (1H); the construction method of the top plate (1) includes the following main steps: 1) Complete the construction of the working well (1D1); 2) Complete the installation of the beam excavation device (3A1), I-beam (1H), and beam jacking device (2A1) within the working shaft (1D1); 3) Complete the construction of the I-beam (1H), and dismantle the beam excavation device (3A1) and beam jacking device (2A1). 4) Complete the installation of the roof excavation device (3A2), reinforced concrete slab (1A2A), and slab jacking device (2A2) in the working shaft (1D1); 5) Complete the construction of the reinforced concrete slabs (1A2A); 6) Remove the top slab excavation device (3A2) and the slab jacking device (2A2), thus completing the construction of the top slab (1).

5. The underground building construction method according to claim 4, which involves completing the roof slab construction first and then carrying out subsequent operations, is characterized in that... The longitudinal beam (1A1) includes a connecting plate (6) located at the top of the longitudinal beam (1A1). The connecting plate (6) includes an inner connecting plate (6A) and a U-shaped connecting plate (6U) with its opening facing left. The inner connecting plates (6A) arranged from right to left are located within the U-shape of the U-shaped connecting plate (6U). All longitudinal beams (1A1) are connected together at the top by the connecting plate (6). The chain cutter digging device (3) includes a connecting plate digging device (36). The connecting plate digging device (36) includes a connecting plate chain cutter (36A), a connecting plate front end device (46), and a connecting plate rear end device (56). The connecting plate chain cutter (36A) encloses the U-shaped connecting plate (6U). The connecting plate front end device (46) and the connecting plate rear end device (56) are located at the front and rear ends of the U-shaped connecting plate (6U).

6. The underground building construction method according to claim 5, which involves completing the roof slab construction first and then carrying out subsequent operations, is characterized in that... The underground structure (1) includes an upward-facing U-shaped body (1U), a top crossbeam (1E), and main beam piles (1G). The U-shaped body (1U) includes an outer wall (1B) and a bottom slab (1C). The outer wall (1B) and bottom slab (1C) together form the U-shape of the U-shaped body (1U). The U-shaped body (1U) and the top slab (1A) together form a closed rectangle. The U-shaped body (1U) includes several U-shaped pipe sections (1U1). The longitudinal beam (1A1) includes a main longitudinal beam (7) located at the top of the outer wall (1B). All longitudinal beams... The top heights of beams (1A1) are equal. Let H be the height difference between the non-main longitudinal beams and the main longitudinal beams (7) in the longitudinal beams (1A1). Then the height of the top transverse beam (1E) is less than or equal to H. The two sides of the top transverse beam (1E) installed on the bottom plane of the top plate (1A) are fixedly connected to the inner side of the main longitudinal beam (7). The top surface of the main beam pile (1G) located outside the outer wall (1B) is at the same height as the bottom surface of the main longitudinal beam (7). The width of the main longitudinal beam (7) is greater than or equal to the sum of the diameter of the main beam pile (1G) and the thickness of the outer wall (1B).

7. The underground building construction method according to claim 6, which involves completing the roof slab construction first and then carrying out subsequent operations, is characterized in that... The construction device (1D) includes a rectangular excavation device (1D2) fixed to the right end of the U-shaped body (1U). The rectangular excavation device (1D2) includes a front end excavation device (1D2A) located at the right end and a spoil transport pipeline (1D2B) located inside the U-shaped pipe section (1U1). The jacking device (2) includes a U-shaped jacking device (2U) for jacking the U-shaped body (1U). The underground structure (1) tunneling construction method includes the following main steps: 1) Complete the construction of the working well (1D1) and the main beam piles (1G); 2) Complete the construction of the top slab (1A) and place the main longitudinal beam (7) on the main beam pile (1G); 3) Complete the construction of the first top crossbeam (1E) at the opening of the left working shaft (1D1); 4) Complete the installation of the rectangular excavation device (1D2), the first U-shaped pipe section (1U1), the U-shaped jacking device (2U) and the first top crossbeam (1E) in the left working shaft (1D1), so that the left end of the rectangular excavation device (1D2) is fixedly connected to the right end of the first U-shaped pipe section (1U1) into one piece. 5) The U-shaped jacking device (2U) jacks the left end of the first U-shaped pipe section (1U1), the front end excavation device (1D2A) excavates the rock and soil at the right end of the U-shaped body (1U), and the excavated soil conveying pipeline (1D2B) transports the excavated rock and soil to the left working well (1D1) and then discharges it. The U-shaped pipe section (1U1) then moves forward to the right to the set distance. 6) Complete the construction of the new top crossbeam (1E); separate the U-shaped jacking device (2U) and the U-shaped pipe section (1U1), install the new U-shaped pipe section (1U1), and fix the right end of the new U-shaped pipe section (1U1) to the left end of the previous U-shaped pipe section (1U1) to form a whole, and complete the installation of the new top crossbeam (1E) on the bottom plane of the top plate (1A); 7) Start the U-shaped jacking device (2U) and the rectangular excavation device (1D2) to jack the U-shaped pipe section (1U1) to the set distance; 8) Repeat steps 4) and 5) continuously until all U-shaped pipe sections (1U1) are completed; 9) The top of the inner side of the exterior wall (1B) is fixedly connected to the bottom plane of the top plate (1A) and the inner side of the exterior wall (1B) is fixedly connected to both ends of the top beam (1E). 10) Continue subsequent work until the construction of the underground building (1) is completed.

8. The underground building construction method according to claim 7, which involves completing the roof slab construction first and then carrying out subsequent operations, is characterized in that... The underground structure (1) includes underground passageways.

9. The underground building construction method according to claim 7, which involves completing the roof slab construction first and then carrying out subsequent operations, is characterized in that... The underground structure (1) includes a subway station (11), which includes a central slab (1F).

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