A coal mine roadway roof supporting truss structure

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of coal mine roadway support structure technology, and discloses a coal mine roadway roof support truss structure, including a truss. A support rod is fixedly connected to the top of the truss, and four hydraulic rods are fixedly connected to the bottom of the truss. When the support rod moves upward, it forces the corresponding contact plate to contact the top of the roadway inner wall. The roadway inner wall restricts the further upward movement of the contact plate, causing some of the contact plates to drive the hydraulic column to slide downward along the inner wall of the square cylinder. This forces the hydraulic oil at the bottom of the hydraulic column to reach the bottom of the remaining hydraulic columns through the through hole, causing the remaining hydraulic columns to drive the corresponding contact plate to adhere upward to the inner wall of the roadway. By setting multiple contact plates, the equipment can effectively adapt to complex working environments, and the smooth implementation of the roadway clearance and siding can be ensured by flexibly adjusting process details.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mine roadway support structure technology, specifically a coal mine roadway roof support truss structure. Background Technology

[0002] Coal-bearing strata roadways are subject to high ground stress and mining-induced bearing pressure, low strength of surrounding rock mass, and numerous geological and hydrological factors. This results in significant deformation of the surrounding rock, making the support system prone to damage such as twisting, tearing, and breakage of steel strips or beams. The effectiveness of the surface support components is greatly reduced, leading to the failure of the combined support structure, a decrease in overall support strength, and ultimately, the risk of collapse accidents, severely impacting safe and efficient mine production. Roadway support and trusses are crucial for maintaining roadway access and surrounding rock stability, as well as for coal mine construction and production. The basic purpose of roadway support is to mitigate and reduce the movement of the surrounding rock, preventing excessive reduction in the roadway cross-section, and preventing the collapse of already separated and damaged surrounding rock. In coal mine roadways, after opening, the inner walls of the roadways will be rugged. When the truss structure lifts upward to complete the foundation support function, the flat truss structure cannot fit tightly with the rugged roadway. This results in some roadway surfaces being suspended in the area supported by the truss structure. If the length of the suspended area is too large, there is a risk of collapse at the center of the suspension. To address the above problems, the following solutions are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a truss structure for roof support in coal mine roadways, including a truss, a support rod fixedly connected to the top of the truss, four hydraulic rods fixedly connected to the bottom of the truss, and a base fixedly connected to the output end of the four hydraulic rods. The structure also includes: Deformation mechanism, which is placed on top of the truss; An adapting mechanism is fixedly mounted on top of the deformation mechanism; The limiting mechanism is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the adapting mechanism; Among them, the support rods are distributed at both ends of the truss, and two adaptation mechanisms are fixedly installed at the top, while the deformation mechanism is fixedly installed at the top with three sets of adaptation mechanisms and a limiting mechanism.

[0004] Preferably, the deformation mechanism includes: The movable component is placed on top of the truss; The push component is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the truss; The equipment can be moved slowly by the regular contraction and extension of the hydraulic rod and the moving component, as well as the pushing component.

[0005] Preferably, the adapting mechanism includes: Piston assembly, the piston assembly is fixedly mounted on the top of support rod one; The contact assembly is fixedly mounted on top of the piston assembly; Two piston assemblies are fixedly installed on the top of the support rod, and three piston assemblies are fixedly installed on the top of the movable assembly.

[0006] Preferably, the limiting mechanism includes: A blocking assembly is fixedly installed on the side wall of the piston assembly; A reserved component is provided, which is installed through the side wall of the piston assembly; After the contact components are fully bonded, the blocking component will block the bottom of the contact components, restricting the flow of hydraulic oil inside the contact components.

[0007] Preferably, the movable component includes three support rods 2 placed on top of the truss, two load-bearing rods fixedly connected to the bottom of the three support rods 2, two hydraulic rods 2 fixedly connected to the bottom of the two load-bearing rods, and bases 2 fixedly connected to the output ends of the four hydraulic rods 2. When the pushing component generates thrust, the second support rod can slide back and forth along the top of the truss.

[0008] Preferably, the pushing assembly includes an electric actuator rotatably connected to the inner wall of the truss, the other end of the electric actuator being rotatably connected to a rotating frame, and the tops of the two load-bearing rods having grooves. The side wall of the rotating frame is fixedly connected to the side wall of the load-bearing rod. When the hydraulic rod one is in the extended state, the support rod one does not contact the inner wall of the groove. When the hydraulic rod one is retracted, the support rod one will move down and fit against the top of the groove. Similarly, when the hydraulic rod two is extended, the support rod two does not contact the top of the truss. When the hydraulic rod two is retracted, the support rod two falls down and contacts and fits against the top of the truss.

[0009] Preferably, the piston assembly includes a push frame fixedly connected to the top of a support rod, a piston plate fixedly connected to the top of the push frame, and a hydraulic housing slidably connected to the outer wall of the piston plate. The inner wall of the hydraulic housing is filled with hydraulic oil.

[0010] Preferably, the contact assembly includes a square cylinder fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hydraulic housing through hole, a hydraulic column slidably connected to the inner wall of the square cylinder, and a contact plate fixedly connected to the top of the hydraulic column. Under normal conditions, the contact plates are in an outward-extending state due to the influence of the hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic housing. When multiple contact plates are pressed on top, the hydraulic column will squeeze the hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic housing and force multiple contact plates to stick tightly to the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0011] Preferably, the blocking component includes a rubber column fixedly connected to the top of the piston plate, a spring plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston plate, and several through holes opened on the top of the piston plate. When the contact component is pressed and causes the hydraulic housing to slide downward, the hydraulic oil at the top of the piston plate will be transmitted to the bottom of the piston plate through the through hole. As the piston plate moves upward, the spring plate will be compressed and deformed, accumulating potential energy.

[0012] Preferably, the reserved component includes a storage shell fixedly connected to the side wall of the hydraulic shell, a piston plate two slidably connected to the inner wall of the storage shell, and a spring fixedly connected to the side wall of the piston plate two. The piston plate has a sealing ring on its outer wall, and the spring is in an extended state under normal conditions. The end of the piston plate does not exceed the inner wall of the hydraulic housing.

[0013] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) This invention utilizes the feature that the support rod 1 and support rod 2 move upward, causing the corresponding adaptation mechanism and restriction mechanism to be tightly attached to the inner wall of the roadway. When support rod 1 or support rod 2 moves upward, it will force the corresponding contact plate to contact the top of the inner wall of the roadway, and the inner wall of the roadway will restrict the contact plate from moving upward further, so that some contact plates drive the hydraulic column to slide downward along the inner wall of the square cylinder, forcing the hydraulic oil at the bottom of the hydraulic column to reach the bottom of the other hydraulic column through the through hole, so that the other hydraulic column drives the corresponding contact plate to be attached to the inner wall of the roadway. By setting multiple contact plates, the equipment can effectively adapt to complex working environments, and can ensure the smooth implementation of the removal channel along the roadway by flexibly adjusting the process details.

[0014] (2) The present invention utilizes the feature of the contact plate adhering to the inner wall of the tunnel and sets up an adaptation mechanism inside the equipment. When the support rod is pushed upward continuously and the hydraulic shell is restricted from moving upward, the piston plate will move upward slowly and drive the rubber column to move upward slowly and block the inner wall of the square cylinder, so that the hydraulic oil inside the square cylinder no longer flows with the hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic shell. When the contact plate is pressed again in this process, the contact plate will not be able to move downward due to the inability of the hydraulic oil to flow. Through the application of the above components, after the equipment is supported, each contact plate will form an independent hydraulic state. The other contact plates will not change due to the displacement of one of the contact plates. After the contact plates are supported, multiple contact plates will not loosen due to pressure changes. (3) This invention utilizes the limitation of the hydraulic shell that prevents it from moving upwards and provides a through hole. Due to the small diameter of the through hole, the hydraulic oil flow rate is slow. When the bottom hydraulic rod one or hydraulic rod two continuously applies pressure upwards, the pressure of the piston plate moving upwards will be directly transmitted to the bottom of the hydraulic column through the hydraulic oil due to the slow flow rate of the through hole. The hydraulic column will drive the contact plate to stick tightly to the inner wall of the tunnel, preventing the contact plate from only slightly sticking to the inner wall of the tunnel and failing to provide effective support. In addition, after the rubber column blocks the inner wall of the square cylinder, the hydraulic oil inside the square cylinder cannot flow. At this time, the upward thrust of the piston plate will be directly transmitted to the contact plate position through the hydraulic oil inside the square cylinder, increasing the support force of the contact plate on the inner wall of the tunnel before complete support. Through the application of the above components, it is effectively prevented that the contact plate only slightly sticks to the inner wall of the tunnel and fails to provide effective support.

[0015] (4) The present invention utilizes the alternating contraction of the hydraulic rod 2 and the hydraulic rod 1. Under normal conditions, the support rod 2 does not contact the outer wall of the truss, and the outer wall of the support rod 1 does not contact the outer wall of the groove. Therefore, when the hydraulic rod 1 contracts, the support rod 1 will drive the corresponding adaptation mechanism and the restriction mechanism downward away from the inner wall of the roadway. Then, by pushing the component to move, when the hydraulic rod 2 contracts, the support rod 2 will drive the corresponding adaptation mechanism and the restriction mechanism away from the outer wall of the roadway. Through the application of the above components, the deformation adaptation mechanism can preferentially detach from the inner wall of the roadway and then move laterally, preventing the friction of the inner wall of the roadway from affecting the moving speed of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rear side of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the deformation mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the deformation mechanism component of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the adapting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the adapting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8This is a partial schematic diagram of the blocking component of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the reserved components of the present invention; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged diagram of point A in the middle.

[0018] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: In the diagram: 1. Deformation mechanism; 11. Moving component; 12. Pushing component; 13. Truss; 14. Support rod one; 15. Hydraulic rod one; 16. Base one; 111. Support rod two; 112. Load-bearing rod; 113. Hydraulic rod two; 114. Base two; 121. Electric actuator; 122. Rotating frame; 123. Groove; 2. Adaptation mechanism; 21. Piston assembly; 22. Contact assembly; 211. Pushing frame; 212. Piston plate one; 213. Hydraulic housing; 221. Square cylinder; 222. Hydraulic column; 223. Contact plate; 3. Restriction mechanism; 31. Blocking assembly; 32. Reserved assembly; 311. Rubber column; 312. Spring plate; 313. Through hole; 321. Storage housing; 322. Piston plate two; 323. Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1, please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 6 This invention relates to a truss structure for roof support in coal mine roadways, comprising a truss 13, a support rod 14 fixedly connected to the top of the truss 13, four hydraulic rods 15 fixedly connected to the bottom of the truss 13, and a base 16 fixedly connected to the output ends of the four hydraulic rods 15. The invention also includes: Deformation mechanism 1 is placed on top of truss 13; Adaptation mechanism 2 is fixedly installed on top of deformation mechanism 1; The limiting mechanism 3 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the adapting mechanism 2; Among them, the support rod 14 is distributed at both ends of the truss 13, and two adaptation mechanisms 2 are fixedly installed at the top, while the deformation mechanism 1 is fixedly installed with three sets of adaptation mechanisms 2 and a limiting mechanism 3.

[0021] Deformation mechanism 1 includes: Movable component 11 is placed on top of truss 13; Push component 12 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of truss 13; The equipment can be moved slowly by the regular contraction of the hydraulic rod 15 and the moving component 11, and by the pushing component 12.

[0022] Adaptive mechanism 2 includes: Piston assembly 21 is fixedly mounted on the top of support rod 14; Contact component 22 is fixedly disposed on the top of piston assembly 21; Two piston assemblies 21 are fixedly installed on the top of the support rod 14, and three piston assemblies 21 are fixedly installed on the top of the moving assembly 11.

[0023] Restricted agency 3 includes: The blocking component 31 is fixedly disposed on the side wall of the piston assembly 21; A reserved component 32 is provided through the side wall of the piston assembly 21; A double-layer metal mesh is used in conjunction with the adaptation mechanism 2 and the restriction mechanism 3 to support the inner wall of the roadway. Old steel wire ropes and metal mesh are used as protective materials. The metal mesh is folded along the steel wire rope and the mesh and steel wire rope are pressed down by a single unit with a cross-hinged top beam.

[0024] Example 2, please refer to Figure 4 - Figure 10 The present invention is a truss structure for roof support in coal mine roadways. Based on Example 1, the movable component 11 includes three support rods 111 placed on top of the truss 13. The bottom of the three support rods 111 is fixedly connected to two load-bearing rods 112. The bottom of the two load-bearing rods 112 is fixedly connected to two hydraulic rods 113. The output ends of the four hydraulic rods 113 are fixedly connected to bases 114. Before use, a double-layer metal mesh needs to be fixed on the outside of the equipment. Then, the equipment is opened inside the coal mine roadway. During this process, hydraulic rod 113 and hydraulic rod 15 will extend. Hydraulic rod 15 will drive the two top support rods 14 to move upward, while hydraulic rod 113 will drive the three support rods 111 to move upward. The adaptation mechanism 2 and the limiting mechanism 3 at the top of support rods 14 and support rods 111 will be tightly attached to the inner wall of the coal mine roadway, completing the basic support process.

[0025] The pushing assembly 12 includes an electric push rod 121 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the truss 13, and a rotating frame 122 rotatably connected to the other end of the electric push rod 121. The top of the two load-bearing rods 112 are provided with grooves 123. When the four hydraulic rods 113 retract or extend simultaneously, the four bases 16 will be in an extended support state. Subsequently, the electric actuator 121 extends, driving the moving component 11 to move forward along the top of the truss 13. After the electric actuator 121 is fully extended, the four hydraulic rods 113 extend, driving the four bases 114 to fit against the ground of the coal mine roadway. After the support is completed, the hydraulic rod 15 retracts, driving the four bases 16 away from the ground. Subsequently, the electric actuator 121 retracts and drives the support rod 14 to move forward along the outer wall of the groove 123, completing the foundation moving process.

[0026] The piston assembly 21 includes a pusher frame 211 fixedly connected to the top of the support rod 14, a piston plate 212 fixedly connected to the top of the pusher frame 211, and a hydraulic housing 213 slidably connected to the outer wall of the piston plate 212. The initial support force of support rod 14 and hydraulic rod 213 shall not be less than 140kN. The single unit must be retracted and erected in a timely manner in close succession with support rod 14 or support rod 211, and the lag shall not exceed 1 meter.

[0027] The contact assembly 22 includes a square cylinder 221 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through hole of the hydraulic housing 213, a hydraulic column 222 slidably connected to the inner wall of the square cylinder 221, and a contact plate 223 fixedly connected to the top of the hydraulic column 222. Taking advantage of the contact plate 223's conformity to the inner wall of the tunnel, an adaptation mechanism 2 is installed inside the equipment. As the support rod 14 pushes upwards, and the hydraulic housing 213 is restricted from moving upwards, the piston plate 212 slowly moves upwards. The piston plate 212 also drives the rubber column 311 to slowly move upwards and seal against the inner wall of the square cylinder 221. This prevents the hydraulic oil inside the square cylinder 221 from flowing with the hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic housing 213. When the contact plate 223 is pressed again during this process, it cannot move downwards due to the inability of the hydraulic oil to flow. Through the application of these components, after the equipment completes its support, each contact plate 223 will form an independent hydraulic state. The remaining contact plates 223 will not change due to the displacement of one contact plate 223, ensuring that multiple contact plates 223 will not loosen due to pressure changes after support is provided.

[0028] The blocking assembly 31 includes a rubber column 311 fixedly connected to the top of the piston plate 212, a spring sheet 312 fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston plate 212, and a plurality of through holes 313 opened on the top of the piston plate 212. Utilizing the upward movement of the aforementioned support rod 14 and support rod 111, which causes the corresponding adaptation mechanism 2 and limiting mechanism 3 to adhere tightly to the inner wall of the tunnel, when either support rod 14 or support rod 111 moves upward, it forces the corresponding contact plate 223 to contact the top of the inner wall of the tunnel. The inner wall of the tunnel will then restrict the continued upward movement of the contact plate 223, causing some of the contact plates 223 to drive the hydraulic column 222 to slide downward along the inner wall of the square cylinder 221. This forces the hydraulic oil at the bottom of the hydraulic column 222 to reach the bottom of the remaining hydraulic columns 222 through the through hole 313. Consequently, the remaining hydraulic columns 222 drive the corresponding contact plate 223 to move upward and adhere to the inner wall of the tunnel. Through the application of the above components, multiple contact plates 223 can adapt to changes in the top of the inner wall of the tunnel, preventing the inner wall of the tunnel from being too rugged, resulting in a small contact area between the equipment and the inner wall of the tunnel, which would affect the support effect.

[0029] The reserved component 32 includes a storage shell 321 fixedly connected to the side wall of the hydraulic shell 213, a piston plate 322 slidably connected to the inner wall of the storage shell 321, and a spring 323 fixedly connected to the side wall of the piston plate 322. As the piston plate 212 moves upward and part of the contact plate 223 moves downward, excess hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic housing 213 will enter the storage housing 321 and press the piston plate 322 to slide along the inner wall of the storage housing 321. At the same time, the spring 323 is squeezed to deform and accumulate potential energy.

[0030] A specific application of this embodiment is as follows: Before use, a double-layer metal mesh needs to be fixedly installed on the outside of the equipment. Then, the equipment is opened inside the coal mine roadway. During this process, hydraulic rod 2 113 and hydraulic rod 15 will extend. Hydraulic rod 15 will drive the two top support rods 14 to move upward, while hydraulic rod 2 113 will drive the three support rods 2 111 to move upward. The adaptation mechanism 2 and the limiting mechanism 3 at the top of support rods 14 and support rods 2 111 will be tightly attached to the inner wall of the coal mine roadway, completing the basic support process. When the four hydraulic rods 113 retract or extend simultaneously, the four bases 16 will be in an extended support state. Subsequently, the electric actuator 121 extends, driving the moving component 11 forward along the top of the truss 13. After the electric actuator 121 is fully extended, the four hydraulic rods 113 extend, driving the four bases 114 to fit against the ground of the coal mine roadway. After the support is completed, the hydraulic rod 15 retracts, driving the four bases 16 away from the ground. Subsequently, the electric actuator 121 retracts and drives the support rod 14 forward along the outer wall of the groove 123, completing the foundation moving process. Utilizing the upward movement of the aforementioned support rod 14 and support rod 211, which causes the corresponding adaptation mechanism 2 and limiting mechanism 3 to adhere tightly to the inner wall of the tunnel, when support rod 14 or support rod 211 moves upward, it forces the corresponding contact plate 223 to contact the top of the inner wall of the tunnel. The inner wall of the tunnel will restrict the continued upward movement of the contact plate 223, causing some contact plates 223 to drive the hydraulic column 222 to slide downward along the inner wall of the square cylinder 221. This forces the hydraulic oil at the bottom of the hydraulic column 222 to reach the bottom of the remaining hydraulic columns 222 through the through hole 313. This causes the remaining hydraulic columns 222 to drive the corresponding contact plate 223 to adhere upward to the inner wall of the tunnel. Through the application of the above components, multiple contact plates 223 can adapt to changes in the top of the inner wall of the tunnel, preventing the inner wall of the tunnel from being too rugged, resulting in a small contact area between the equipment and the inner wall of the tunnel, which would affect the support effect. Taking advantage of the contact plate 223's fit against the inner wall of the tunnel, an adaptation mechanism 2 is installed inside the equipment. As the support rod 14 pushes upward, and the hydraulic housing 213 is restricted from moving upward, the piston plate 212 will slowly move upward. The piston plate 212 will also drive the rubber column 311 to slowly move upward and block the inner wall of the square cylinder 221. This prevents the hydraulic oil inside the square cylinder 221 from flowing with the hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic housing 213. When the contact plate 223 is pressed again during this process, it will be unable to move downward due to the inability of the hydraulic oil to flow. Through the application of the above components, after the equipment is supported, each contact plate 223 will form an independent hydraulic state. The other contact plates 223 will not change due to the displacement of one of the contact plates 223. This ensures that after the contact plates 223 are supported, multiple contact plates 223 will not loosen due to pressure changes. Taking advantage of the limitation that the hydraulic housing 213 cannot move upward, a through hole 313 is provided. Due to the small diameter of the through hole 313, the hydraulic oil flow rate is slow. When the bottom hydraulic rod 15 or hydraulic rod 213 continuously applies upward pressure, the pressure of the piston plate 212 moving upward will be directly transmitted to the bottom of the hydraulic column 222 through the hydraulic oil due to the slow flow rate of the through hole 313. The hydraulic column 222 will drive the contact plate 223 to stick tightly to the inner wall of the tunnel, preventing the contact plate 223 from only slightly sticking to the inner wall of the tunnel and failing to provide effective support. In addition, after the rubber column 311 blocks the inner wall of the square cylinder 221, the hydraulic oil inside the square cylinder 221 cannot flow. At this time, the upward thrust of the piston plate 212 will be directly transmitted to the position of the contact plate 223 through the hydraulic oil inside the square cylinder 221, increasing the supporting force of the contact plate 223 on the inner wall of the tunnel before complete support. Through the application of the above components, it is effectively prevented that the contact plate 223 only slightly sticks to the inner wall of the tunnel and fails to provide effective support.

[0031] As piston plate 212 moves upward and part of contact plate 223 moves downward, excess hydraulic oil inside hydraulic housing 213 enters storage housing 321 and forces piston plate 322 to slide along the inner wall of storage housing 321. At the same time, it compresses spring 323 to deform and accumulate potential energy. Utilizing the alternating contraction of hydraulic rods 113 and 15, under normal conditions, support rod 111 does not contact the outer wall of truss 13, and the outer wall of support rod 14 does not contact the outer wall of groove 123. Therefore, when hydraulic rod 15 contracts, support rod 14 will drive the corresponding adaptation mechanism 2 and restriction mechanism 3 downward away from the inner wall of the tunnel. Then, by pushing component 12, it moves. Subsequently, when hydraulic rod 113 contracts, support rod 111 will drive the corresponding adaptation mechanism 2 and restriction mechanism 3 away from the outer wall of the tunnel. Through the application of the above components, the deformation-generating adaptation mechanism 2 can preferentially detach from the inner wall of the tunnel before lateral movement, preventing the friction of the inner wall of the tunnel from affecting the moving speed of the equipment.

[0032] When the pressure on the top of the contact plate 223 disappears, the spring plate 312 will drive the piston plate 212 to slide downwards. At the same time, the spring 323 releases potential energy and pushes the hydraulic oil inside the piston plate 322 towards the inner wall of the hydraulic housing 213. As the hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic housing 213 slowly increases, all the contact plates 223 will return to their original positions.

[0033] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A truss structure for roof support in a coal mine roadway, comprising a truss (13), wherein a support rod (14) is fixedly connected to the top of the truss (13), and four hydraulic rods (15) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the truss (13), and a base (16) is fixedly connected to the output end of the four hydraulic rods (15), characterized in that, Also includes: Deformation mechanism (1), which is placed on top of truss (13); An adaptation mechanism (2) is fixedly mounted on top of the deformation mechanism (1); A limiting mechanism (3) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the adapting mechanism (2); Among them, the support rod (14) is distributed at both ends of the truss (13), and two adaptation mechanisms (2) are fixedly installed at the top, while the deformation mechanism (1) is fixedly installed with three sets of adaptation mechanisms (2) and a limiting mechanism (3).

2. The coal mine roadway roof support truss structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deformation mechanism (1) includes: A movable component (11) is placed on top of the truss (13); A pushing component (12) is fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the truss (13); The equipment can be moved slowly by the regular contraction of the hydraulic rod (15) and the moving component (11) and the pushing component (12).

3. The coal mine roadway roof support truss structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adaptation mechanism (2) includes: Piston assembly (21), which is fixedly mounted on the top of support rod (14); Contact assembly (22), which is fixedly disposed on top of piston assembly (21); Two piston assemblies (21) are fixedly installed on the top of the support rod (14), and three piston assemblies (21) are fixedly installed on the top of the moving assembly (11).

4. The coal mine roadway roof support truss structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (3) includes: A blocking assembly (31) is fixedly disposed on the side wall of the piston assembly (21); A reserved component (32) is provided through the side wall of the piston assembly (21); After the contact assembly (22) is fully bonded, the blocking assembly (31) will block the bottom of the contact assembly (22) and restrict the flow of hydraulic oil inside the contact assembly (22).

5. A coal mine roadway roof support truss structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The moving component (11) includes three support rods (111) placed on top of the truss (13), two load-bearing rods (112) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the three support rods (111), two hydraulic rods (113) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the two load-bearing rods (112), and bases (114) are fixedly connected to the output ends of the four hydraulic rods (113). When the pushing component (12) generates thrust, the second support rod (111) can slide back and forth along the top of the truss (13).

6. A coal mine roadway roof support truss structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pushing assembly (12) includes an electric push rod (121) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the truss (13), and a rotating frame (122) rotatably connected to the other end of the electric push rod (121). The tops of the two load-bearing rods (112) are provided with grooves (123). The side wall of the rotating frame (122) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the load-bearing rod (112). When the hydraulic rod (15) is in the extended state, the support rod (14) does not contact the inner wall of the groove (123). When the hydraulic rod (15) is retracted, the support rod (14) will move down and fit against the top of the groove (123). Similarly, when the hydraulic rod (113) is extended, the support rod (111) does not contact the top of the truss (13). When the hydraulic rod (113) is retracted, the support rod (111) falls to the top of the truss (13) and fits against it.

7. A coal mine roadway roof support truss structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The piston assembly (21) includes a pusher frame (211) fixedly connected to the top of the support rod (14), a piston plate (212) fixedly connected to the top of the pusher frame (211), and a hydraulic shell (213) slidably connected to the outer wall of the piston plate (212). The inner wall of the hydraulic housing (213) is filled with hydraulic oil.

8. A coal mine roadway roof support truss structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The contact assembly (22) includes a square tube (221) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through hole of the hydraulic housing (213), a hydraulic column (222) slidably connected to the inner wall of the square tube (221), and a contact plate (223) fixedly connected to the top of the hydraulic column (222). Under normal conditions, the contact plate (223) is in an outward-extending state due to the influence of the hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic housing (213). When the top of multiple contact plates (223) is under pressure, the hydraulic column (222) will squeeze the hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic housing (213) and force multiple contact plates (223) to stick tightly to the inner wall of the tunnel.

9. A coal mine roadway roof support truss structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The blocking assembly (31) includes a rubber column (311) fixedly connected to the top of the piston plate (212), a spring plate (312) fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston plate (212), and a plurality of through holes (313) opened on the top of the piston plate (212). When the contact component (22) is pressed and drives the hydraulic housing (213) to slide downward, the hydraulic oil at the top of the piston plate (212) will be transmitted to the bottom of the piston plate (212) through the through hole (313); When the piston plate (212) moves upward, the spring plate (312) will be compressed and deformed, accumulating potential energy.

10. A coal mine roadway roof support truss structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The reserved component (32) includes a storage shell (321) fixedly connected to the side wall of the hydraulic shell (213), a piston plate (322) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the storage shell (321), and a spring (323) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the piston plate (322). Among them, a sealing ring is provided on the outer wall of piston plate two (322), and the spring (323) is in an extended state under normal conditions, and the end of piston plate two (322) does not exceed the inner wall of hydraulic shell (213).

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