Internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system

Abstract

This invention provides a combined cycle heat pump system based on an internal combustion engine, belonging to the field of heat pump technology. The system includes an external air passage connected to the internal combustion engine, an external fuel passage connected to the internal combustion engine, a cooling medium passage connected to the outside, a gas passage connected to a steam generator and then to the outside, a compressor with a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector, a steam generator with a working steam passage connected to the high-pressure steam inlet of the injector, an injector with a medium-pressure refrigerant vapor passage connected to the heater, a heater with a condensate line connected to the steam generator via a booster pump, a heater with a condensate line connected to the evaporator via a throttling valve, and an evaporator with a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor. The heater also has a heated medium passage connected to the outside, and the evaporator has a low-temperature heat medium passage connected to the outside. The internal combustion engine connects to the compressor and transmits power, forming a combined cycle heat pump system based on an internal combustion engine.

Description

Technical fields:

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of thermodynamics and heat pump technology. Background technology:

[0002] People need cold / heat / steam in their daily lives and production processes. Using heat pump technology to provide cold / heat / steam is an important means to achieve energy efficiency and high-value utilization. In practical applications, the operating parameters, performance index, manufacturing cost, adaptability and utilization level of heat resources of heat pumps need to be comprehensively considered.

[0003] High-quality fuels, typically represented by natural gas, gasoline, and diesel, are high-temperature heat sources with temperatures exceeding several thousand degrees Celsius. Achieving efficient and high-value utilization of these fuels in refrigeration, heating, and gas production presents a significant technical challenge.

[0004] Vapor compression heat pump technology, which operates on the principle of reverse Rankine cycle, has the advantage of being able to achieve constant-temperature heat absorption; however, meeting the demand for high-parameter heating or steam is technically challenging.

[0005] An ejector is a pressure-boosting component that effectively utilizes high-temperature heat resources. It has the advantages of simple structure, reliable operation, low investment and long service life. In addition, compared with compressors, ejectors are more adaptable to the compression of wet steam.

[0006] Based on the fundamental principles of simple, proactive, and efficient use of high-quality fuels for refrigeration / heating / steam production, this invention presents a combined cycle heat pump system for internal combustion engines that integrates technologies, has a reasonable process, a simple structure, and achieves rationalized performance indices. Summary of the Invention:

[0007] The main objective of this invention is to provide a combined cycle heat pump system for internal combustion engines. The specific contents of the invention are described in detail below:

[0008] 1. An internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system mainly consists of an internal combustion engine, compressor, injector, steam generator, heater, booster pump, throttle valve, and evaporator. It has an external air passage connecting to the internal combustion engine, an external fuel passage connecting to the internal combustion engine, a cooling medium passage connecting to the outside, and a gas passage connecting to the steam generator and then to the outside. The compressor has a refrigerant vapor passage connecting to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector. The steam generator has a working steam passage connecting to the high-pressure steam inlet of the injector. The injector also has a medium-pressure refrigerant vapor passage connecting to the heater. The heater has a condensate line connecting to the steam generator via the booster pump, and a condensate line connecting to the evaporator via the throttle valve. The evaporator also has a refrigerant vapor passage connecting to the compressor. The heater also has a heated medium passage connecting to the outside, and the evaporator has a low-temperature heat medium passage connecting to the outside. The internal combustion engine connects to the compressor and transmits power, forming an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0009] 2. An internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system is an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system described in item 1, with the addition of a regenerator. The original system is modified so that the condensate pipe of the heater is connected to the evaporator via a throttling valve, and the condensate pipe of the heater is connected to the evaporator via the regenerator and the throttling valve. The original system is modified so that the refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator is connected to the compressor, and the refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator is connected to the compressor via the regenerator, thus forming an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0010] 3. An internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system is an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system described in item 1, with the addition of a regenerator, an expander, and a second heater. The compressor is modified so that it has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the ejector, and then the compressor has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the second heater, which is then divided into two paths—the first path connects to the low-pressure steam inlet of the ejector and the second path connects to the expander. The expander also has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the regenerator and then connected to the compressor through an intermediate port. The heater has a condensate line connected to the evaporator through a throttling valve, and the heater has a refrigerant medium line (either fully condensed or partially condensed) connected to the evaporator through the regenerator and the throttling valve. The second heater also has a heated medium channel connected to the outside. The expander is connected to the compressor and transmits power, forming an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0011] 4. An internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system, which is an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system described in item 1, with the addition of a regenerator, an expander, a second heater, and a second regenerator. The evaporator is adjusted so that the regenerator vapor passage is connected to the compressor via the second regenerator. The compressor is adjusted so that the regenerator vapor passage is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the ejector, and then splits into two paths after connecting to the second heater—the first path connects to the low-pressure steam inlet of the ejector, and the second path connects to the expander. The expander also has a regenerator vapor passage connected to the regenerator and then connected to the compressor through an intermediate port. The heater has a condensate line connected to the evaporator via a throttling valve, and is adjusted so that the heater has a regenerator medium line (either fully condensed or partially condensed) connected to the evaporator via the regenerator, the second regenerator, and the throttling valve. The second heater also has a heated medium passage connected to the outside. The expander is connected to the compressor and transmits power, forming an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0012] 5. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is formed by adding a two-phase expander to replace the throttle valve in any of the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump systems described in items 1-4. The two-phase expander is connected to the compressor and transmits power to form an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0013] 6. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is formed by adding a nozzle and replacing the throttle valve to any of the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump systems described in items 1-4, and adding a dual-energy compressor and replacing the compressor.

[0014] 7. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is formed by adding a nozzle and replacing the throttle valve to any of the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump systems described in items 3-4, adding a dual-energy compressor and replacing the compressor, and adding an expander speed increaser and replacing the expander.

[0015] 8. An internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system is an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system described in item 1, with the addition of a nozzle and a steam distribution chamber. The heating unit is changed from having a condensate line connected to the evaporator via a throttling valve to having a condensate line connected to the steam distribution chamber via a nozzle. The steam distribution chamber also has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor through an intermediate port, and the steam distribution chamber also has a condensate line connected to the evaporator via a throttling valve, thus forming an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0016] 9. An internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system is an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system described in item 1, with the addition of a regenerator, a nozzle, and a steam distribution chamber. The evaporator is modified from having a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor to having a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor via the regenerator. The heater is modified from having a condensate line connected to the evaporator via a throttling valve to having a condensate line connected to the steam distribution chamber via a nozzle. The steam distribution chamber also has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor via an intermediate port, and a condensate line connected to the evaporator via the regenerator and the throttling valve, thus forming an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0017] 10. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is formed by adding a second nozzle and replacing the throttle valve to any of the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump systems described in items 8-9, and adding a dual-energy compressor and replacing the compressor.

[0018] 11. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is any one of the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump systems described in items 1-2 and 8-10, with the addition of a second booster pump and a second injector. An external liquid medium pipeline connects to the steam generator via the second booster pump, and the steam generator then has a steam channel connecting to the high-pressure steam inlet of the second injector. The heating unit is adjusted from having a heated medium channel connected to the outside to having a heated medium channel connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the second injector via the heating unit. The second injector also has a user steam channel connected to the outside, thus forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0019] 12. An internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system is any one of the internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump systems described in items 3-4 and 7, with the addition of a second booster pump and a second injector. An external liquid medium pipeline connects to the steam generator via the second booster pump, and the steam generator then has a steam channel connecting to the high-pressure steam inlet of the second injector. The heating medium channels of the heater and the second heater are adjusted to connect to the outside, so that the external heating medium channel connects to the low-pressure steam inlet of the second injector via the heater and the second heater. The second injector also has a user steam channel connecting to the outside, thus forming an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0020] 13. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is formed by adding a new heater to any of the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump systems described in items 1-12, and adjusting the internal combustion engine to have a gas passage connecting to the steam generator and then connecting to the outside, so that the internal combustion engine has a gas passage connecting to the steam generator and the new heater and then connecting to the outside, thus forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0021] 14. An internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system, comprising, in any one of the internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump systems described in claims 1-13, an air compressor and a high-temperature regenerator are added, the external air passage connecting to the internal combustion engine is adjusted to connect the external air passage to the internal combustion engine via the air compressor and the high-temperature regenerator, and the internal combustion engine gas passage connecting to the steam generator is adjusted to connect the internal combustion engine gas passage to the steam generator after passing through the high-temperature regenerator; the internal combustion engine is connected to the air compressor and transmits power, thus forming an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system. Attached image description:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a first principle thermal system diagram of an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a second principle thermal system diagram of an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a third principle thermal system diagram of an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is the fourth principle thermodynamic system diagram of the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is the fifth principle thermal system diagram of the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system provided by the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is the sixth principle thermodynamic system diagram of the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system provided by the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is the seventh principle thermal system diagram of the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system provided by the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 This is the eighth principle thermal system diagram of the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system provided by the present invention.

[0030] Figure 9 This is the ninth principle thermal system diagram of the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system provided by the present invention.

[0031] Figure 10 This is the tenth principle thermal system diagram of an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system provided by the present invention.

[0032] Figure 11 This is the 11th principle thermal system diagram of the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system provided by the present invention.

[0033] Figure 12 This is the 12th principle thermal system diagram of the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system provided by the present invention.

[0034] Figure 13 This is the 13th principle thermal system diagram of an internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system provided by the present invention.

[0035] In the diagram, 1-internal combustion engine, 2-compressor, 3-injector, 4-steam generator, 5-heater, 6-boost pump, 7-throttle valve, 8-evaporator, 9-regenerator, 10-expander, 11-secondary heater, 12-secondary regenerator, 13-two-phase expander, 14-nozzle, 15-dual-energy compressor, 16-expander speed increaser, 17-steam distribution chamber, 18-secondary nozzle, 19-secondary boost pump, 20-secondary injector, A-additional heater, B-air compressor, C-high-temperature regenerator. Detailed implementation method:

[0036] First, it should be noted that the structure and process are not repeated unless necessary, and obvious processes are not described. The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0037] Figure 1 The combined cycle heat pump system shown is implemented as follows:

[0038] (1) Structurally, it is mainly composed of an internal combustion engine, a compressor, an injector, a steam generator, a heater, a booster pump, a throttle valve, and an evaporator. There is an air passage connected to the internal combustion engine 1, a fuel passage connected to the internal combustion engine 1, a cooling medium passage connected to the outside, a gas passage connected to the steam generator 4 and then connected to the outside. The compressor 2 has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector 3. The steam generator 4 has a working steam passage connected to the high-pressure steam inlet of the injector 3. The injector 3 has a medium-pressure refrigerant vapor passage connected to the heater 5. The heater 5 also has a condensate pipeline connected to the steam generator 4 via the booster pump 6. The heater 5 also has a condensate pipeline connected to the evaporator 8 via the throttle valve 7. The evaporator 8 also has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor 2. The heater 5 also has a heated medium passage connected to the outside. The evaporator 8 also has a low-temperature heat medium passage connected to the outside. The internal combustion engine 1 is connected to the compressor 2 and transmits power.

[0039] (2) In terms of process, external fuel and air enter the internal combustion engine 1, where a series of processes, including combustion and expansion, are completed in the cylinder of the internal combustion engine 1. After the internal combustion engine 1 completes its work, the gas flows through the steam generator 4 to release heat and cool down before being discharged to the outside. The cooling medium flows through the cooling cylinder liner of the internal combustion engine 1 to carry away the discharged cooling heat load. The refrigerant vapor discharged by the compressor 2 is supplied to the injector 3. The steam generated by the steam generator 4 enters the injector 3 through the high-pressure steam inlet. The working steam flows through the nozzle to reduce pressure and increase speed to form a low pressure. The refrigerant vapor discharged by the compressor 2 is drawn into the low-pressure zone of the injector 3. After the two steams are mixed, they flow through the diffuser to reduce speed and increase pressure to form medium-pressure refrigerant vapor and are supplied to the heater 5. The refrigerant vapor enters the heater 5 to release heat and condense, and then is divided into Two paths: the first path flows through the booster pump 6 for pressurization and then enters the steam generator 4 for heat absorption and vaporization; the second path flows through the throttling valve 7 for depressurization and cooling and then enters the evaporator 8 for heat absorption and vaporization, and then enters the compressor 2 for pressurization and heating. The fuel provides the driving heat load through combustion, the heated medium obtains the medium-temperature heat load through the heater 5, the low-temperature heat medium provides the low-temperature heat load through the evaporator 8, the air and gas carry away the exhaust heat load through the inlet and outlet process, and the cooling medium carries away the exhaust cooling heat load through the inlet and outlet of the internal combustion engine 1. The mechanical energy output by the internal combustion engine 1 provides power to the compressor 2, or the mechanical energy output by the internal combustion engine 1 provides power to the compressor 2 and the external environment, or the internal combustion engine 1 and the external environment jointly provide power to the compressor 2, forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0040] Figure 2 The combined cycle heat pump system shown is implemented as follows:

[0041] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system shown, a regenerator 9 is added. The condensate pipe of the heater 5 is connected to the evaporator 8 through the throttle valve 7. The condensate pipe of the heater 5 is connected to the evaporator 8 through the regenerator 9 and the throttle valve 7. The refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator 8 is connected to the compressor 2. The refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator 8 is connected to the compressor 2 through the regenerator 9.

[0042] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system shown, the difference is that: the condensate discharged from the heater 5 flows through the regenerator 9 to release heat and cool down, flows through the throttling valve 7 to reduce pressure and cool down, flows through the evaporator 8 to absorb heat and evaporate, flows through the regenerator 9 to absorb heat and increase temperature, and then enters the compressor 2 to increase pressure and temperature, forming the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0043] Figure 3 The combined cycle heat pump system shown is implemented as follows:

[0044] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1In the internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system shown, a regenerator, an expander, and a second heater are added. The compressor 2 is adjusted so that the refrigerant vapor channel connecting to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector 3 is connected to the second heater 11, and then splits into two paths—the first path connects to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector 3 and the second path connects to the expander 10. The expander 10 also has a refrigerant vapor channel connecting to the regenerator 9 and then connecting to the compressor 2 through an intermediate port. The heater 5 is adjusted so that the condensate pipeline connects to the evaporator 8 through the throttle valve 7, and the heater 5 has a refrigerant medium pipeline that is either fully condensed or partially condensed, which connects to the evaporator 8 through the regenerator 9 and the throttle valve 7. The second heater 11 also has a heated medium channel that connects to the outside. The expander 10 is connected to the compressor 2 and transmits power.

[0045] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system shown, the difference lies in the following: the refrigerant vapor discharged from the compressor 2 flows through the second heater 11 to release heat and cool down, and then splits into two paths—the first path is supplied to the ejector 3, and the second path flows through the expander 10 to reduce pressure and do work, flows through the regenerator 9 to absorb heat and heat up, and enters the compressor 2 through the intermediate air intake port to increase pressure and temperature; the medium-pressure refrigerant vapor discharged from the ejector 3 enters the heater 5 to release heat and condense completely or partially, and then splits into two paths—the first path flows through the booster pump 6 to increase pressure and enters the steam generator 4 to absorb heat and vaporize, and the second path flows through the regenerator 9 to release heat, flows through the throttle valve 7 to reduce pressure and cool down, flows through the evaporator 8 to absorb heat and vaporize, and then enters the compressor 2 to increase pressure and temperature; the heated medium obtains a medium-temperature heat load through the second heater 11, and the mechanical energy output by the expander 10 is provided to the compressor 2 to provide power, forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0046] Figure 4 The combined cycle heat pump system shown is implemented as follows:

[0047] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1In the internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system shown, a regenerator, an expander, a second heater, and a second regenerator are added. The evaporator 8, which has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor 2, is adjusted so that the evaporator 8 has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor 2 via the second regenerator 12. The compressor 2, which has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the ejector 3, is adjusted so that the compressor 2 has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the second heater 11, which then splits into two paths—the first path connects to the low-pressure steam inlet of the ejector 3, and the second path connects to the expander 10. The expander 10 also has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the regenerator 9, which is then connected to the compressor 2 through an intermediate port. The heater 5, which has a condensate line connected to the evaporator 8 via a throttle valve 7, is adjusted so that the heater 5 has a refrigerant medium line, which can be either fully condensed or partially condensed, connected to the evaporator 8 via the regenerator 9, the second regenerator 12, and the throttle valve 7. The second heater 11 also has a heated medium passage connected to the outside. The expander 10 is connected to the compressor 2 and transmits power.

[0048] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system shown, the difference lies in the following: the refrigerant vapor discharged from the compressor 2 flows through the second heater 11 to release heat and cool down, and then splits into two paths—the first path is supplied to the injector 3, and the second path flows through the expander 10 to reduce pressure and do work, flows through the regenerator 9 to absorb heat and heat up, and enters the compressor 2 through the intermediate air intake port to increase pressure and temperature; the medium-pressure refrigerant vapor discharged from the injector 3 enters the heater 5 to release heat and condense completely or partially, and then splits into two paths—the first path flows through the booster pump 6 to increase pressure and enters the steam generator 4 to absorb heat and vaporize, and the second path flows through the regenerator 9 and the second regenerator 12 and gradually releases heat, flows through the throttle valve 7 to reduce pressure and cool down, flows through the evaporator 8 to absorb heat and vaporize, flows through the second regenerator 12 to absorb heat and heat up, and then enters the compressor 2 to increase pressure and temperature; the heated medium obtains a medium-temperature heat load through the second heater 11, and the mechanical energy output by the expander 10 is provided to the compressor 2 to provide power, forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0049] Figure 5 The combined cycle heat pump system shown is implemented as follows:

[0050] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system shown, a two-phase expander 13 is added and replaces the throttle valve 7. The two-phase expander 13 is connected to the compressor 2 and transmits power.

[0051] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system shown, the difference is that the condensate discharged from the heater 5 flows through the two-phase expander 13 to reduce pressure and do work, and then enters the evaporator 8 to absorb heat and vaporize; the mechanical energy output by the two-phase expander 13 provides power to the compressor 2 to form an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0052] Figure 6 The combined cycle heat pump system shown is implemented as follows:

[0053] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system shown, a nozzle 14 is added and replaces the throttle valve 7, and a dual-energy compressor 15 is added and replaces the compressor 2.

[0054] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system shown, the difference is that the condensate discharged from the heater 5 flows through the nozzle 14 to reduce pressure and increase speed, flows through the evaporator 8 to absorb heat and vaporize, and then enters the dual-energy compressor 15 to increase pressure and temperature and reduce speed, forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0055] Figure 7 The combined cycle heat pump system shown is implemented as follows:

[0056] (1) Structurally, in Figure 4 In the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system shown, a nozzle 14 is added and replaces the throttle valve 7, a dual-energy compressor 15 is added and replaces the compressor 2, and an expander accelerator 16 is added and replaces the expander 10.

[0057] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 4 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system shown, the difference is that: the condensate discharged from the second regenerator 12 flows through the nozzle 14 to reduce pressure and increase speed, flows through the evaporator 8 to absorb heat and vaporize, flows through the second regenerator 12 to absorb heat and increase temperature, and then enters the dual-energy compressor 15 to increase pressure and temperature and decrease speed; the refrigerant vapor discharged from the second heater 11 is divided into two paths - the first path is provided to the injector 3, and the second path flows through the expander speed increaser 16 to reduce pressure and do work and increase speed, flows through the regenerator 9 to absorb heat and increase temperature, and enters the dual-energy compressor 15 to increase pressure and temperature and decrease speed, forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0058] Figure 8 The combined cycle heat pump system shown is implemented as follows:

[0059] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system shown, a nozzle and a steam distribution chamber are added. The condensate pipe of the heater 5 is connected to the evaporator 8 through the throttle valve 7. The heater 5 is adjusted to have a condensate pipe connected to the steam distribution chamber 17 through the nozzle 14. The steam distribution chamber 17 also has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor 2 through the intermediate port. The steam distribution chamber 17 also has a condensate pipe connected to the evaporator 8 through the throttle valve 7.

[0060] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system shown, the difference is that: the condensate discharged from the heater 5 flows through the nozzle 14 to reduce pressure and increase speed, and then enters the steam distribution chamber 17 for gas-liquid separation; the refrigerant vapor discharged from the steam distribution chamber 17 enters the compressor 2 through the intermediate port to increase pressure and temperature, and the condensate discharged from the steam distribution chamber 17 flows through the throttle valve 7 to reduce pressure and temperature and then enters the evaporator 8 to absorb heat and vaporize, forming the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0061] Figure 9 The combined cycle heat pump system shown is implemented as follows:

[0062] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system shown, a regenerator, nozzle, and steam distribution chamber are added. The refrigerant vapor passage of evaporator 8 connected to compressor 2 is adjusted to connect evaporator 8 to compressor 2 via regenerator 9. The condensate line of heater 5 connected to evaporator 8 via throttle valve 7 is adjusted to connect heater 5 to steam distribution chamber 17 via nozzle 14. Steam distribution chamber 17 also has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to compressor 2 via an intermediate port. Steam distribution chamber 17 also has a condensate line connected to evaporator 8 via regenerator 9 and throttle valve 7.

[0063] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system shown, the difference is that: the condensate discharged from the heater 5 flows through the nozzle 14 to reduce pressure and increase speed, and then enters the steam distribution chamber 17 for gas-liquid separation; the refrigerant vapor discharged from the steam distribution chamber 17 enters the compressor 2 through the intermediate port to increase pressure and temperature; the condensate discharged from the steam distribution chamber 17 flows through the regenerator 9 to release heat and reduce temperature, flows through the throttle valve 7 to reduce pressure and reduce temperature, flows through the evaporator 8 to absorb heat and vaporize, flows through the regenerator 9 to absorb heat and increase temperature, and then enters the compressor 2 to increase pressure and increase temperature, thus forming the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0064] Figure 10 The combined cycle heat pump system shown is implemented as follows:

[0065] (1) Structurally, in Figure 9 In the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system shown, a second nozzle 18 is added and replaces the throttle valve 7, and a dual-energy compressor 15 is added and replaces the compressor 2.

[0066] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 9 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system shown, the difference is that: the condensate discharged from the regenerator 9 flows through the second nozzle 18 to reduce pressure and increase speed, flows through the evaporator 8 to absorb heat and vaporize, flows through the regenerator 9 to absorb heat and increase temperature, and then enters the dual-energy compressor 15 to increase pressure and temperature and reduce speed, forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0067] Figure 11The combined cycle heat pump system shown is implemented as follows:

[0068] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system shown, a second booster pump and a second injector are added. An external liquid medium pipeline connects to the steam generator 4 via the second booster pump 19. The steam generator 4 then has a steam channel connecting to the high-pressure steam inlet of the second injector 20. The heating unit 5 is adjusted so that the heated medium channel connects to the outside via the heating unit 5 and then to the low-pressure steam inlet of the second injector 20. The second injector 20 also has a user steam channel connecting to the outside.

[0069] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system shown, the difference lies in the following: the external liquid medium flows through the second booster pump 19 to increase its pressure, flows through the steam generator 4 to absorb heat and vaporize, and then enters the second ejector 20 through the high-pressure steam inlet. The heated medium flows through the heater 5 to absorb heat and vaporize, and then enters the second ejector 20 through the low-pressure steam inlet. The high-pressure steam flows through the nozzle to decrease its pressure and increase its speed to form a low pressure. The steam discharged from the heater 5 is drawn into the low-pressure zone of the second ejector 20. After the two steam streams are mixed, they flow through the diffuser to decrease their speed and increase their pressure to form medium-pressure steam, which is then supplied to the steam user, thus forming the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0070] Figure 12 The combined cycle heat pump system shown is implemented as follows:

[0071] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system shown, a new heater A is added. The internal combustion engine 1 is changed from having a gas passage connected to the steam generator 4 and then connected to the outside to having a gas passage connected to the steam generator 4 and the new heater A and then connected to the outside. The new heater A also has a heated medium passage connected to the outside.

[0072] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system shown, the difference is that the gas emitted by the internal combustion engine 1 flows through the steam generator 4 and the newly added heater A to gradually release heat and cool down before being discharged to the outside; the heated medium obtains a medium-temperature heat load through the newly added heater A, forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0073] Figure 13 The combined cycle heat pump system shown is implemented as follows:

[0074] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1In the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system shown, an air compressor and a high-temperature regenerator are added. The external air passage connecting to the internal combustion engine 1 is adjusted to connect the external air passage to the internal combustion engine 1 via the air compressor B and the high-temperature regenerator C. The internal combustion engine 1 gas passage connecting to the steam generator 4 is adjusted to connect the internal combustion engine 1 gas passage to the steam generator 4 after passing through the high-temperature regenerator C. The internal combustion engine 1 is connected to the air compressor B and transmits power.

[0075] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system shown, the difference is that: the outside air flows through the air compressor B to increase its pressure and temperature, then flows through the high-temperature regenerator C to absorb heat and increase its temperature, and then enters the internal combustion engine 1; the gas emitted by the internal combustion engine 1 flows through the high-temperature regenerator C and the steam generator 4 to gradually release heat and decrease its temperature, and then is discharged to the outside; the internal combustion engine 1 provides power to the air compressor B, forming the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0076] The effects achievable by this invention—the internal combustion engine-based combined cycle heat pump system proposed in this invention has the following effects and advantages:

[0077] (1) New ideas and technologies for utilizing temperature difference are presented.

[0078] (2) The fuel forms a high-grade heat source, which is utilized step by step and in depth, significantly improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0079] (3) New technologies for the efficient and high-value utilization of high-quality fuels in refrigeration / heating / steam production and combined cooling / heating / steam / power supply are presented.

[0080] (4) When necessary, external power can be used to raise the temperature of thermal energy, which is flexible and adaptable.

[0081] (5) The compressor and the ejector jointly obtain the low temperature heat load, which significantly improves the heating parameters or reduces the compressor's pressure boosting share.

[0082] (6) Provide reasonable regeneration technology to effectively improve the coordination of the device in terms of load, performance index, and pressure ratio.

[0083] (7) The injector enables efficient utilization of gas emission heat load and temperature increase of low temperature heat load, which relatively reduces the size of the compressor and effectively reduces the manufacturing cost of the device.

[0084] (8) The process is reasonable, the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the system economy is effectively improved.

[0085] (9) Provides a variety of specific technical solutions that can cope with many different actual situations, which is conducive to expanding the application scope and value of internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system technology.

Claims

1. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system mainly consists of an internal combustion engine, compressor, injector, steam generator, heater, booster pump, throttle valve and evaporator; it has an external air passage connected to the internal combustion engine (1), an external fuel passage connected to the internal combustion engine (1), a cooling medium passage connected to the outside, a gas passage connected to the steam generator (4) and then connected to the outside, the compressor (2) has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector (3), and the steam generator (4) has a working steam passage connected to the high-pressure steam inlet of the injector (3). The steam inlet, ejector (3), and medium-pressure refrigerant steam channel are connected to the heater (5). The heater (5) is also connected to the steam generator (4) via the booster pump (6). The heater (5) is also connected to the evaporator (8) via the throttle valve (7). The evaporator (8) is also connected to the compressor (2) via the refrigerant steam channel. The heater (5) is also connected to the outside via the heated medium channel. The evaporator (8) is also connected to the outside via the low-temperature heat medium channel. The internal combustion engine (1) is connected to the compressor (2) and transmits power, forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

2. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system as described in claim 1, wherein a regenerator (9) is added, the condensate pipe of the heater (5) is connected to the evaporator (8) through the throttle valve (7) and adjusted to the condensate pipe of the heater (5) being connected to the evaporator (8) through the regenerator (9) and the throttle valve (7), and the refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator (8) being connected to the compressor (2) is adjusted to the refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator (8) being connected to the compressor (2) through the regenerator (9), thereby forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

3. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system as described in claim 1, with the addition of a regenerator, an expander, and a second heater. The compressor (2) is adjusted so that the refrigerant vapor passage connecting the compressor (2) to the low-pressure steam inlet of the ejector (3) is connected to the second heater (11), and then split into two paths—the first path connects to the low-pressure steam inlet of the ejector (3) and the second path connects to the expander (10). The expander (10) also has a refrigerant vapor passage. After connecting the regenerator (9), it is connected to the compressor (2) through the intermediate port. The condensate pipeline of the heater (5) is connected to the evaporator (8) through the throttle valve (7). The heater (5) is adjusted to have a refrigerant medium pipeline that is fully condensed or not fully condensed, which is connected to the evaporator (8) through the regenerator (9) and the throttle valve (7). The second heater (11) also has a heated medium channel connected to the outside. The expander (10) is connected to the compressor (2) and transmits power to form an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

4. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system as described in claim 1, with the addition of a regenerator, an expander, a second heater, and a second regenerator. The refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator (8) is connected to the compressor (2) and adjusted so that the refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator (8) is connected to the compressor (2) via the second regenerator (12). The refrigerant vapor passage of the compressor (2) is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the ejector (3) and adjusted so that the refrigerant vapor passage of the compressor (2) is connected to the second heater (11) and then split into two paths—the first path is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the ejector (3) and... The second circuit connects to the expander (10), which also has a refrigerant vapor channel that connects to the regenerator (9) and then to the compressor (2) via an intermediate port. The condensate pipeline of the heater (5) is connected to the evaporator (8) via the throttle valve (7) and adjusted so that the heater (5) has a refrigerant medium pipeline that is either fully condensed or not fully condensed, which is connected to the evaporator (8) via the regenerator (9), the second regenerator (12) and the throttle valve (7). The second heater (11) also has a heated medium channel that is connected to the outside. The expander (10) is connected to the compressor (2) and transmits power to form an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

5. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is formed by adding a two-phase expander (13) and replacing the throttle valve (7) to any of the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump systems described in claims 1-4. The two-phase expander (13) is connected to the compressor (2) and transmits power to form an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

6. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is formed by adding a nozzle (14) and replacing the throttle valve (7) to any of the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump systems described in claims 1-4, and adding a dual-energy compressor (15) and replacing the compressor (2).

7. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is formed by adding a nozzle (14) to replace the throttle valve (7), adding a dual-energy compressor (15) to replace the compressor (2), and adding an expander speed increaser (16) to replace the expander (10) in any of the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump systems described in claims 3-4, thereby forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

8. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system as described in claim 1, with the addition of a nozzle and a steam distribution chamber. The condensate pipe of the heater (5) is connected to the evaporator (8) through a throttle valve (7), and the heater (5) is connected to the steam distribution chamber (17) through a nozzle (14). The steam distribution chamber (17) also has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor (2) through an intermediate port. The steam distribution chamber (17) also has a condensate pipe connected to the evaporator (8) through a throttle valve (7), thus forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

9. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system as described in claim 1, with the addition of a regenerator, a nozzle and a steam distribution chamber. The evaporator (8) is adjusted to have a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor (2) via the regenerator (9) and the refrigerant vapor passage is adjusted to be connected to the compressor (2). The heater (5) is adjusted to have a condensate pipe connected to the evaporator (8) via the throttle valve (7) and the condensate pipe is adjusted to be connected to the steam distribution chamber (17) via the nozzle (14). The steam distribution chamber (17) also has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor (2) through an intermediate port. The steam distribution chamber (17) also has a condensate pipe connected to the evaporator (8) via the regenerator (9) and the throttle valve (7), thus forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

10. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is formed by adding a second nozzle (18) to replace the throttle valve (7) and adding a dual-energy compressor (15) to replace the compressor (2) in any of the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump systems described in claims 8-9, thereby forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

11. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system according to any one of claims 1-2 and 8-10, with the addition of a second booster pump and a second injector. An external liquid medium pipeline is connected to the steam generator (4) through the second booster pump (19), and the steam generator (4) is connected to the high-pressure steam inlet of the second injector (20) through a steam channel. The heating unit (5) is adjusted to have a heated medium channel connected to the outside, so that the heated medium channel is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the second injector (20) through the heating unit (5). The second injector (20) is also connected to the outside through a user steam channel, thus forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

12. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system according to any one of claims 3-4 and 7, with the addition of a second booster pump and a second injector. An external liquid medium pipeline is connected to the steam generator (4) via the second booster pump (19), and the steam generator (4) is connected to the high-pressure steam inlet of the second injector (20) via a steam channel. The heating element (5) and the second heating element (11) are respectively connected to the outside via heated medium channels, and the external heated medium channels are adjusted so that they are connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the second injector (20) via the heating element (5) and the second heating element (11). The second injector (20) is also connected to the outside via a user steam channel, thus forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

13. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is formed by adding a new heater (A) to any of the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump systems described in claims 1-12, adjusting the internal combustion engine (1) to have a gas passage connecting to the steam generator (4) and then to have the internal combustion engine (1) connected to the steam generator (4) and the new heater (A) and then to have the new heater (A) connected to the outside, and the new heater (A) also has a heated medium passage connected to the outside, thus forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

14. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system according to any one of claims 1-13, wherein an air compressor and a high-temperature regenerator are added, the external air passage connecting the internal combustion engine (1) is adjusted to the external air passage connecting the internal combustion engine (1) through the air compressor (B) and the high-temperature regenerator (C) and the internal combustion engine (1) gas passage connecting the internal combustion engine (1) to the steam generator (4) is adjusted to the internal combustion engine (1) gas passage connecting the internal combustion engine (1) through the high-temperature regenerator (C) and then connecting the steam generator (4); the internal combustion engine (1) is connected to the air compressor (B) and transmits power, forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

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