A heat recovery device for aluminum electrolysis residual electrodes

Abstract

This application discloses an aluminum electrolysis residual electrode heat recovery device, solving the technical problem of low residual electrode heat recovery and utilization rate in existing technologies. The aluminum electrolysis residual electrode heat recovery device includes: a housing with a receiving cavity, wherein the housing has a residual electrode position and a new electrode position located at the bottom of the receiving cavity, the residual electrode position and the new electrode position being used to place the aluminum electrolysis residual electrode and the new electrode, respectively; and a heat pipe located below the housing, the evaporation end of the heat pipe being located below the residual electrode position, and the condensation end of the heat pipe being located below the new electrode position. The aluminum electrolysis residual electrode heat recovery device provided by this application has a high residual electrode heat recovery and utilization rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of energy-saving technology for aluminum electrolysis, and specifically relates to a device for recovering residual heat from aluminum electrolysis electrodes. Background Technology

[0002] In aluminum electrolysis, the anode carbon block acts as a conductive medium and is continuously consumed in the electrochemical reaction. When the height of the anode carbon block drops to 10-15 cm, an electrode replacement operation needs to be initiated. In traditional operations, the removed carbon block remains at a high temperature of 800-950℃, carrying a large amount of high-quality waste heat. In traditional processing methods, the remaining electrode is mostly cooled naturally or in a simple cooling box, resulting in a waste heat recovery rate of almost zero.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, the industry has undertaken relevant technological explorations. For example, patent CN202411117331.3 discloses a waste heat recovery device and method for residual electrodes. This device uses a sealed enclosure to house the residual and new electrodes and utilizes a phase change energy storage layer to transfer waste heat while reducing harmful gas emissions. However, due to the long working cycle of heat storage and release, the system experiences significant heat dissipation and has a low heat recovery and utilization rate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the current technical problem of low utilization rate of residual heat from aluminum electrolysis electrodes, this application provides a device for recovering residual heat from aluminum electrolysis electrodes.

[0005] This application provides a device for recovering residual heat from aluminum electrolysis electrodes, comprising: The housing has a receiving cavity, and the housing has a residual electrode position and a new electrode position located at the bottom of the receiving cavity. The residual electrode position and the new electrode position are used to place the residual electrode and the new electrode of aluminum electrolysis, respectively. A heat pipe is located below the housing, with its evaporation end below the residual electrode and its condensation end below the new electrode.

[0006] In some embodiments, the heat pipe extends along the direction from the residual electrode to the new electrode.

[0007] In some embodiments, the height of the condenser end of the heat pipe is higher than the height of the evaporator end; the heat pipe is a straight pipe.

[0008] In some embodiments, multiple heat pipes are provided, and the multiple heat pipes are arranged sequentially along the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting the residual electrode position and the new electrode position.

[0009] In some embodiments, a lifting drive is also included, wherein the lifting end of the lifting drive is connected to the heat pipe to drive the heat pipe to move up and down.

[0010] In some embodiments, the housing is further provided with an electrolyte position for placing a bag containing electrolyte, the electrolyte position being located between the residual electrode position and the new electrode position.

[0011] In some embodiments, the bottom of the housing is provided with a groove for accommodating the heat pipe, and the bottom of the groove is an arc shape that matches the outer periphery of the heat pipe.

[0012] In some embodiments, a heat insulation layer is also included, which is detachably installed on the housing and located between the housing and the heat pipe.

[0013] In some embodiments, the housing includes a top plate, a bottom plate, side plates, and two side doors. The two side plates are arranged opposite each other along a line perpendicular to the line connecting the residual electrode position and the new electrode position. The two side plates are connected to the bottom plate. The two side doors are arranged opposite each other along a line connecting the residual electrode position and the new electrode position. The side doors are slidably connected to the bottom plate. The top plate is connected to the upper end of the side plates. The top plate, the bottom plate, the side plates, and the side doors together form the receiving cavity.

[0014] In some embodiments, the top plate includes two half-plates, each half-plate being connected to one of the two side plates, the two half-plates being arranged at intervals, and the interval between the two half-plates forming a space for the aluminum electrolysis guide rod to run. The enclosure also includes two flexible components, which are respectively installed on the two half-plates and are close to each other to seal the gap.

[0015] The aluminum electrolysis residual electrode heat recovery device provided in this application uses a heat pipe to achieve heat transfer from the residual electrode to the new electrode. The heat pipe is a heat transfer element that utilizes a liquid-vapor phase change cycle to achieve efficient heat conduction. Its interior is a closed cavity; after being evacuated, a low-boiling-point liquid is injected. The liquid at the evaporation end vaporizes and absorbs heat from the residual electrode, while the gas at the condensation end liquefies and releases heat to the new electrode, thus achieving heat conduction. The liquid then flows back through capillary action to complete the cycle. Its thermal conductivity exceeds that of any single metal. Therefore, the heat pipe has a fast heat transfer rate, enabling the transfer of heat from the residual electrode to the new electrode in a short time, reducing the self-dissipation of heat from the residual electrode, and thus improving the utilization rate of residual electrode heat. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the aluminum electrolysis residual electrode heat recovery device of this application in one recovery state is shown.

[0017] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another recovery state of the aluminum electrolysis residual electrode heat recovery device of this application is shown.

[0018] Figure 3 It shows Figure 1 Side view.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100-Recovery device, 110-Box body, 111-Containing cavity, 112-Base plate, 120-Heat pipe, 121-Condensing end, 122-Evaporating end, 130-Lifting drive component, 201-New electrode, 202-Residual electrode, 203-Lifting bag, 204-Guide rod. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] This application provides a heat recovery device for aluminum electrolysis residual electrode, which realizes the recovery of residual electrode heat, and has high heat exchange efficiency and high heat recovery utilization rate.

[0022] This application is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: Please see Figure 1 as well as Figure 3 The heat recovery device 100 for aluminum electrolysis residual electrode 202 of this application includes a housing 110 and a heat pipe 120. The housing 110 is provided with a receiving cavity 111. The housing 110 is provided with a residual electrode position and a new electrode position located at the bottom of the receiving cavity 111 for placing the residual electrode 202 and the new electrode 201, respectively. The heat pipe 120 is located below the housing 110. The evaporation end 122 of the heat pipe 120 is located below the residual electrode position, and the condensation end 121 of the heat pipe 120 is located below the new electrode position.

[0023] The housing 110 is a structure that houses the residual electrode 202 and the new electrode 201. This structure can insulate the residual electrode 202, reduce its self-heating heat loss, and improve the heat recovery and utilization rate. The housing 110 has a residual electrode position and a new electrode position. The high-temperature residual electrode 202 can be placed in the residual electrode position, and the new electrode 201 can be placed in the new electrode position. Since the high-temperature residual electrode 202 and the room-temperature new electrode 201 are both located in the housing cavity 111 of the housing 110, they are close to each other. Heat can be transferred between the residual electrode 202 and the new electrode 201 through thermal radiation, thereby preheating the new electrode 201.

[0024] The heat pipe 120 is a heat transfer element that utilizes a liquid-vapor phase change cycle to achieve efficient heat conduction; it can also be called a heat pipe. The heat pipe 120 is a closed cavity. After being evacuated, a low-boiling-point liquid is injected. At the evaporation end 122, the liquid vaporizes and absorbs heat from the residual electrode 202. At the condensation end 121, the gas liquefies and releases heat to the new electrode 201, thus achieving heat conduction. The liquid then flows back through capillary action to complete the cycle. The heat pipe 120 achieves long-distance heat transfer without external force through the phase change cycle of the internal working fluid—liquid evaporation absorbing heat and vapor condensation releasing heat. This results in rapid heat transfer with a thermal conductivity exceeding that of any single metal. The heat pipe 120 can be made of copper, carbon steel, or stainless steel, and its diameter can range from 10mm to 150mm. This technology is existing and widely used in the heat dissipation industry. Further details about the heat pipe 120 can be found in existing technological publications and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0025] Because the heat pipe 120 has a fast heat transfer rate, it can complete the transfer of heat from the residual electrode 202 to the new electrode 201 in a short time, reduce the heat dissipation of the residual electrode 202, and thus improve the utilization rate of the heat of the residual electrode 202.

[0026] For ease of explanation, in this application, the direction of the line connecting the residual pole and the new pole is the length direction of the housing 110, and the direction perpendicular to the line connecting the residual pole and the new pole is the width direction of the housing 110.

[0027] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 as well as Figure 3 The heat pipe 120 can extend along the direction from the residual electrode 202 to the new electrode 201, which makes the vapor passage smoother, the liquid reflux more reliable, and the temperature uniformity higher. In other embodiments, the heat pipe 120 can also be set at an angle to the line connecting the residual electrode and the new electrode, that is, the axial direction of the heat pipe 120 is set at an angle to its length direction. For example, the angle between the axial direction of the heat pipe and the connecting line is an acute angle, such as 10° or 15°, which can also achieve heat transfer from the residual electrode 202 to the new electrode 201.

[0028] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 The condenser end 121 of the heat pipe 120 is higher than the evaporator end 122, meaning the heat pipe 120 is tilted. The lower end of the heat pipe 120, the evaporator end 122, is close to the residual electrode 202, while the upper end, the condenser end 121, is close to the new electrode 201. This allows gravity and capillary force to jointly drive the liquid reflux, improving heat exchange efficiency. The tilt angle of the heat pipe 120 can be 0~45°. In other embodiments, the heat pipe 120 can also be horizontally positioned, with the height of the condenser end 121 the same as the height of the evaporator end 122, which also allows liquid reflux under capillary force.

[0029] In some embodiments, the heat pipe 120 can be a straight pipe, resulting in low steam channel resistance, minimal pressure drop, and high temperature uniformity at all locations, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency. Furthermore, the wick within the heat pipe 120 is less prone to breakage, ensuring continuous capillary force and smoother liquid return. Of course, the heat pipe 120 can also be bent, still achieving steam flow and liquid return; the bend location can be determined based on space, and this application does not impose any limitations. It should be noted that when the heat pipe 120 is bent, the bending radius should not be too small to reduce performance degradation caused by bending.

[0030] Water can be used as the working fluid in the heat pipe 120, as it is inexpensive and readily available. Of course, ammonia or acetone, sodium or potassium, etc., can also be used as the working fluid in the heat pipe 120, and heat transfer can still be achieved.

[0031] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 3 Multiple heat pipes 120 are provided, and these multiple heat pipes 120 are arranged sequentially along the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting the residual electrode position and the new electrode position, that is, multiple heat pipes 120 are arranged sequentially along the width direction of the housing 110. Multiple heat pipes 120 can be provided, for example, two, three, ten, or thirty. Providing multiple heat pipes 120 arranged sequentially along a continuous perpendicular bisector can increase the heat transfer area, further improve heat exchange efficiency, and thus increase the heat recovery rate of the residual electrode 202.

[0032] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1The recovery device 100 may also include a lifting drive 130, the lifting end of which is connected to the heat pipe 120 to drive the heat pipe 120 to move up and down. The lifting drive 130 allows for position adjustment of the heat pipe 120 along its height, enabling it to move closer to or further away from the bottom of the housing 110. When the high-temperature residual electrode 202 is just placed in its residual electrode position, a large amount of heat is transferred from the residual electrode 202 to the area below the housing 110, which may cause the temperature of the heat pipe 120 to become too high, resulting in excessively rapid evaporation of the internal working fluid. If the liquid return rate cannot keep up with the evaporation rate, the heat pipe 120 may fail; it may also reduce the strength of the pipe, leading to creep or deformation. In this situation, the lifting drive 130 can be used to lower the heat pipe 120, i.e., the heat pipe 120 is spaced apart from the housing 110, reducing the ambient temperature of the heat pipe 120 and ensuring its thermal conductivity and strength. After the residual electrode 202 has released heat for a period of time, and the temperature under the housing 110 is not particularly high, the heat pipe 120 can be raised by the lifting drive component 130 to reduce the distance between the heat pipe 120 and the housing 110, or even to make the heat pipe 120 fit against the housing 110, thereby reducing heat loss and improving the heat utilization rate of the residual electrode 202. The lifting drive component 130 can be a pneumatic cylinder, electric cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, or ball screw. The lifting section of the lifting drive component 130 can be fixedly connected to the heat pipe 120 by high-temperature resistant bolts. The lifting stroke can be 0~150mm, and the lifting speed can be 1 mm / s~10mm / s.

[0033] In some embodiments, the recovery device 100 may further include a heat insulation layer, which is detachably installed on the housing 110 and located between the housing 110 and the heat pipe 120. By providing the heat insulation layer, the residual electrode 202 inside the housing 110 can be kept warm, reducing the heat dissipation of the residual electrode 202 and allowing heat to be transferred to the new electrode 201 through the heat pipe 120 as much as possible. Simultaneously, the heat insulation layer can lower the temperature of the heat pipe 120, ensuring its thermal conductivity and strength even when the residual electrode 202 is at a high temperature. Since the heat insulation layer is detachably connected to the housing 110, it can be removed when the temperature of the residual electrode 202 inside the housing 110 is not particularly high, thus improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0034] For the insulation layer, insulation boards or heat-insulating refractory layers can be selected, and this application is not limited to any particular material. In some embodiments, the insulation layer can be connected to the housing 110 via threaded connectors to achieve a detachable connection between the insulation layer and the housing 110. In other embodiments, the insulation layer can also be slidably connected to the housing 110 to achieve a detachable connection between the insulation layer and the housing 110. For example, the housing 110 is provided with a through groove running along its length, and the insulation layer is provided with a sliding protrusion that cooperates with the groove. The sliding protrusion is slidably disposed within the groove to achieve a slidable connection between the insulation layer and the housing 110. In the case of a slidable connection, the recycling device 100 can be equipped with a linear drive component, the drive end of which is connected to the insulation layer to achieve automatic sliding of the insulation layer. The linear drive component can be a pneumatic cylinder, an electric cylinder, or a hydraulic cylinder, etc.

[0035] In some embodiments, the recovery device 100 may also include both a lifting drive 130 and a heat insulation layer. When the temperature of the residual electrode 202 is higher than a first set value, the heat insulation layer can be placed between the heat pipe 120 and the housing 110. Simultaneously, the heat pipe 120 and the heat insulation layer can be spaced apart, with the air layer and the heat insulation layer working together to ensure the heat conduction function and strength of the heat pipe 120. When the temperature of the residual electrode 202 is higher than a second set value but not higher than the first set value, the housing 110, the heat insulation layer, and the heat pipe 120 can be sequentially attached, ensuring the heat conduction function of the heat pipe 120 and improving the heat utilization rate of the residual electrode 202. When the temperature of the residual electrode 202 is higher than a third set value but not higher than the second set value, the heat insulation layer can be removed, and the heat pipe 120 and the housing 110 can be spaced apart, ensuring the heat conduction function of the heat pipe 120 and improving the heat utilization rate of the residual electrode 202. When the temperature of the residual electrode 202 does not exceed the third set value, the heat pipe 120 is fitted to the housing 110 to improve the heat utilization rate of the residual electrode 202. The first, second, and third set values ​​decrease sequentially. The first, second, and third set values ​​can be determined based on the actual conditions such as the temperature resistance of the heat pipe 120 and the insulation capacity of the insulation layer, and this application does not impose any restrictions.

[0036] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 Multiple lifting drive components 130 can be provided. The lifting ends of multiple lifting drive components 130 are connected to the heat pipe 120. Multiple lifting drive components 130 are arranged at intervals to improve the stability of the heat pipe 120 during the lifting process.

[0037] For housing 110, please refer to some embodiments. Figure 2The housing 110 also has an electrolyte position for placing the electrolyte in a lifting bag 203, located between the residual electrode position and the new electrode position. In aluminum electrolysis, the electrolyte is at a high temperature and contains residual heat. Generally, the high-temperature electrolyte is poured into the lifting bag 203, which is then placed in the electrolyte position. Since the electrolyte position is located between the residual electrode position and the new electrode position, the middle part of the heat pipe 120 is located below the electrolyte position. The residual heat of the electrolyte can be transferred to the new electrode 201 through the heat pipe 120, achieving waste heat recovery. Because the temperature of the electrolyte is lower than the temperature of the residual electrode 202, the residual heat of the electrolyte is less than that of the residual electrode 202. Placing the electrolyte between the residual electrode 202 and the new electrode 201 allows the heat pipe 120 to preferentially transfer heat from the residual electrode 202, achieving waste heat recovery and utilization, thereby improving heat utilization efficiency. In other embodiments, the residual electrode position is located between the electrolyte position and the new electrode position, also achieving waste heat recovery of the residual electrode 202 and the electrolyte.

[0038] In some embodiments, multiple residual electrode positions may be provided, such as two or three, with the multiple residual electrode positions close to each other, so that multiple residual electrodes 202 can preheat a new electrode 201. In other embodiments, please refer to... Figure 1 Multiple new electrode positions can be provided, such as two or three. These multiple new electrode positions are close to each other, so that one residual electrode 202 can preheat multiple new electrodes 201 simultaneously. In some other embodiments, multiple new electrode positions and multiple residual electrode positions can be provided, so that multiple residual electrodes 202 can preheat multiple new electrodes 201 simultaneously, thereby improving preheating efficiency.

[0039] When multiple new electrode positions and residual electrode positions are provided, the heating temperature of the new electrode 201 at each new electrode position may be different. Once the heating temperature of the new electrode 201 reaches the preheating target, that new electrode 201 can be removed, and the remaining new electrodes 201 can continue to be preheated. Alternatively, after the new electrode 201 is removed, room temperature new electrodes 201 can be added to the chamber 110 for preheating. The specific preheating of the new electrodes 201 can be adjusted according to actual needs, and this application does not impose any restrictions. In some embodiments, the bottom of the housing 110 may be provided with a groove (not shown in the figure) for accommodating the heat pipe 120, the bottom of which is arc-shaped to fit the outer periphery of the heat pipe 120. After the heat pipe 120 rises, the groove can accommodate it, at least partially covering it, reducing heat loss within the heat pipe 120 and increasing the heat transferred to the new electrode 201. The groove's fit with the outer periphery of the heat pipe 120 increases the contact area between the heat pipe 120 and the housing 110, improving heat transfer efficiency. In other embodiments, the bottom of the housing 110 may not have a groove, yet heat recovery from the residual electrode 202 can still be achieved.

[0040] In some embodiments, the housing 110 may include a top plate, a bottom plate 112, side plates, and a side door (not shown in the figure). There are two side plates and two side doors. The two side plates are arranged opposite each other along the line connecting the residual electrode position and the new electrode position, that is, the two side plates are arranged opposite each other along the width direction of the housing 110. The two side plates are connected to the bottom plate 112. The two side doors are arranged opposite each other along the line connecting the residual electrode position and the new electrode position. The side doors are slidably connected to the bottom plate 112. The top plate is connected to the upper end of the side plates. The top plate, bottom plate 112, side plates, and side doors together form a receiving cavity 111.

[0041] The new electrode 201 is rectangular, for example, its dimensions are (18cm × 166cm × 66cm). Therefore, the housing 110 is designed as a rectangular structure, with a shape basically consistent with the new electrode 201, which can improve space utilization. The external dimensions of the housing 110 are adapted to the specifications of the commonly used residual electrode 202 and new electrode 201 in aluminum electrolysis cells. A single housing can accommodate 1-6 sets of residual electrode 202 and new electrode 201, meeting the needs of different production scales. The housing 110 is equipped with two side doors, which are arranged opposite each other along the length direction. This facilitates the overhead crane to enter the residual electrode 202 or the new electrode 201 through one side door and remove it through the other side door, with one side in and one side out, and the hoisting process does not interfere with each other. Of course, in other embodiments, one of the two side doors can be used to allow the new electrode 201 to enter and exit, and the other side door can be used to allow the residual electrode 202 to enter and exit. The side door is slidably connected to the base plate 112, adopting a horizontal push-pull structure. It can be manually controlled or automatically controlled by an electric push rod, facilitating the opening and closing of the side door. The side door frame can be a steel structure. A horizontal sealing groove is provided at the contact point between the side door and the base plate 112, with a built-in high-temperature resistant sealing gasket. When the door is closed, the sealing gasket fits tightly against the side plate to achieve a side seal.

[0042] In other embodiments, the side door may also be hinged to the side panel to enable the opening and closing of the side door, which is not limited in this application.

[0043] In some embodiments, the side panels and side doors can be covered with an insulation layer, such as an aerogel layer, an aluminum silicate layer, or a rock wool layer, which can effectively reduce the loss of residual heat from the enclosure 110 to the outside and ensure the stability of the heat exchange environment inside the enclosure. In other embodiments, the side doors and side panels can also be made of insulation material, which can also improve the insulation effect of the enclosure 110. In some embodiments, the bottom plate 112 can be made of thickened steel plate to improve the strength of the bottom plate 112, thereby ensuring the support strength for the residual electrode 202 and the new electrode 201. The bottom plate 112 can be made of high-temperature resistant metal material, and the upper surface is flat to ensure that the upper surface is fully in contact with the lower surface of the residual electrode 202 and the new electrode 201.

[0044] In some embodiments, the top plate may include two half-plates, each connected to one of two side plates, spaced apart, forming a space for the aluminum electrolysis guide rod 204 to travel. Guide rods 204 are connected above both the new electrode 201 and the residual electrode 202; for example, a cathode guide rod 204 is connected above the cathode, and an anode guide rod 204 is connected above the anode. During preheating of the new electrode 201 and heat recovery of the residual electrode 202, the guide rod 204 and the new electrode 201 are hoisted as a single unit, and the guide rod 204 and the residual electrode 202 are hoisted as a single unit. The gap between the two half-plates allows the guide rod 204 to pass through, preventing interference between the guide rod 204 and the top plate. The width of the gap is slightly larger than the radial dimension of the guide rod 204 to facilitate its smooth passage. The edges of the gap may be reinforced with stainless steel frames to prevent deformation over long-term use. In other embodiments, the guide rod 204 can also be placed inside the housing 110 for preheating or residual heat recovery, but this will increase the volume of the housing 110 to some extent and increase the cost of waste heat recovery.

[0045] In some embodiments, the enclosure 110 may further include two flexible elements, each mounted on one of the two half-plates, positioned close to each other to seal the gap. By providing these flexible elements, the guide rod 204 can forcibly separate the two flexible elements as it passes through, allowing the guide rod 204 to pass smoothly. After the guide rod 204 passes, the two flexible elements will move closer together under the action of restoring force, thereby sealing the gap and improving the thermal insulation and sealing effect of the enclosure 110. The flexible element can be a rubber-graphite sealing strip or a flexible sealing brush; this application is not limited to these two types.

[0046] In some embodiments, the recycling device 100 further includes a detection component and a controller. The detection component includes temperature sensors for monitoring the surface temperatures of the residual electrode 202, the new electrode 201, the heat pipe 120, and the ambient temperature inside the housing 110. The temperature sensors are electrically connected to the controller, such as high-temperature thermocouples (temperature range 0-900℃, measurement accuracy ±1℃), and respectively feed back temperature data to the controller in real time. Each temperature sensor can collect temperature data once at a set time interval, for example, once every 0.5 seconds.

[0047] In some embodiments, the detection component further includes an audible and visual alarm, which is installed outside the housing 110 and electrically connected to the controller. When the temperature of the heat pipe 120 exceeds a first set threshold (e.g., 300°C), it indicates that the heat pipe 120 has reached the heat exchange limit and automatically stops rising. When the temperature of the new electrode 201 inside the housing 110 exceeds a second set threshold (e.g., 150°C) or the temperature of the residual electrode 202 is lower than a third set threshold (e.g., 150°C), or the ambient temperature inside the housing 110 is higher than the second set threshold, it indicates that the preheating of the residual electrode 202 is complete, and an audible and visual alarm is automatically triggered to remind the operator to proceed with the next step, such as replacing the residual electrode 202 or removing the preheated new electrode 201.

[0048] The aluminum electrolysis residual electrode 202 heat recovery device 100 provided in this application is suitable for the residual electrode 202 heat recovery of electrolytic cells with a capacity of 200kA~600kA. It can complete the recovery of one set of residual electrode 202 heat and the preheating of one set of new electrode 201 in a single operation.

[0049] The usage process of the heat recovery device 100 for aluminum electrolysis residual electrode 202 provided in this application is as follows: Step 1: Initial state, place the new electrode 201 inside the housing 110, separate the heat pipe 120 from the groove of the bottom plate 112 of the housing 110, the gap between the heat pipe 120 and the bottom surface of the bottom plate 112 of the housing 110 can be 15mm~25mm, for example 20mm, close the side door, the top flexible part closes naturally, and the housing 110 remains sealed.

[0050] Step 2: Open the side door near the residual electrode position, and hoist the hot residual electrode 202 (temperature 800℃~950℃) using an overhead crane. The residual electrode 202 enters the housing 110 through the side door, and the guide rod 204 connected to the residual electrode 202 enters the gap between the two half-plates in the middle. Place the residual electrode 202 in the residual electrode position, ensuring that the lower surface of the residual electrode 202 is fully in contact with the bottom plate 112 of the housing 110; after the movement is completed, the flexible part springs back to seal the gap between the two half-plates, and the side door is closed by the electric push rod.

[0051] Step 3: Start the lifting drive 130 to drive the heat pipe 120 to rise until the upper surface of the heat pipe 120 is tightly fitted with the groove on the lower surface of the base plate 112, and the recovery device 100 enters the operating state; the heat of the residual electrode 202 is conducted to the heat pipe 120 through the base, and then directionally transferred to the new electrode 201 by the heat pipe 120, so as to realize the gradual preheating of the new electrode 201 from bottom to top.

[0052] Step 4: The detection component monitors the temperature of the residual electrode 202 and the new electrode 201 in real time. When the temperature of the new electrode 201 reaches the set preheating target, such as 150-200℃, the audible and visual alarm is triggered. The operator opens the side door and uses an overhead crane to lift out the preheated new electrode 201 and move it into the electrolytic cell for use. At the same time, a new hot residual electrode 202 can be replaced to enter the next round of waste heat recovery preheating cycle.

[0053] Step 5: In the shutdown state, when no operation is required, control the lifting drive 130 to lower the heat pipe 120 to the lowest point, the heat pipe 120 separates from the base plate 112, the side door is closed, and the recycling device 100 is in standby mode.

[0054] The heat recovery device 100 for aluminum electrolysis residual electrode 202 provided in this application has at least the following advantages: (1) The recovery device 100 provided in this application uses heat pipe 120 as a heat conduction structure to realize the preheating of the new electrode 201 by the residual heat of the residual electrode 202. The heat transfer efficiency is high, the preheating cycle of the new electrode 201 is short, the self-heating of the residual electrode 202 is small, and the utilization rate of the residual heat of the residual electrode 202 is high.

[0055] (2) The heat pipe 120 can be raised and lowered according to the temperature under the action of the lifting drive 130, thereby ensuring the heat transfer function and strength of the heat pipe 120.

[0056] (3) The recovery device 100 provided in this application can be set with an electrolyte position to realize the recovery of the waste heat of the electrolyte; the recovery device 100 is provided with multiple new electrode positions and multiple residual electrode positions to realize the preheating of multiple new electrodes 201 and realize continuous waste heat recovery.

[0057] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0058] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", and "counterclockwise" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0059] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0060] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this application is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0061] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A heat recovery device for aluminum electrolysis residual electrodes, characterized in that, include: The housing has a receiving cavity, and the housing has a residual electrode position and a new electrode position located at the bottom of the receiving cavity. The residual electrode position and the new electrode position are used to place the residual electrode and the new electrode of aluminum electrolysis, respectively. A heat pipe is located below the housing, with its evaporation end below the residual electrode and its condensation end below the new electrode.

2. The aluminum electrolysis residual electrode heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat pipe extends along the direction from the residual electrode position to the new electrode position.

3. The aluminum electrolysis residual electrode heat recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The height of the condenser end of the heat pipe is higher than the height of the evaporator end; the heat pipe is a straight pipe.

4. The aluminum electrolysis residual electrode heat recovery device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The heat pipes are provided in multiple ways, and the multiple heat pipes are arranged sequentially along the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting the residual pole position and the new pole position.

5. The aluminum electrolysis residual electrode heat recovery device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, It also includes a lifting drive component, the lifting end of which is connected to the heat pipe to drive the heat pipe to rise and fall.

6. The aluminum electrolysis residual electrode heat recovery device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The housing is also provided with an electrolyte position for placing a bag containing electrolytes, the electrolyte position being located between the residual electrode position and the new electrode position.

7. The aluminum electrolysis residual electrode heat recovery device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The bottom of the housing is provided with a groove for accommodating the heat pipe, and the bottom of the groove is an arc shape that matches the outer periphery of the heat pipe.

8. The aluminum electrolysis residual electrode heat recovery device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, It also includes a heat insulation layer, which is detachably installed on the housing and is located between the housing and the heat pipe.

9. The aluminum electrolysis residual electrode heat recovery device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The housing includes a top plate, a bottom plate, side plates, and side doors. There are two side plates and two side doors. The two side plates are arranged opposite each other along a line perpendicular to the line connecting the residual electrode position and the new electrode position. The two side plates are connected to the bottom plate. The two side doors are arranged opposite each other along a line connecting the residual electrode position and the new electrode position. The side doors are slidably connected to the bottom plate. The top plate is connected to the upper end of the side plates. The top plate, the bottom plate, the side plates, and the side doors together form the receiving cavity.

10. The aluminum electrolysis residual electrode heat recovery device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The top plate includes two half plates, which are respectively connected to the two side plates. The two half plates are arranged at intervals, and the interval between the two half plates forms a space for the aluminum electrolysis guide rod to run. The enclosure also includes two flexible components, which are respectively installed on the two half-plates and are close to each other to seal the gap.

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