A probe for nuclear magnetic resonance techniques and a quantum computer

Abstract

This invention discloses a probe and a quantum computer for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology. The probe includes a frame, an adjustment mechanism, a resonant cavity assembly, and an antenna assembly. The resonant cavity assembly is fixed to the frame and includes a resonant cavity body and at least one capacitor. The resonant cavity body is a hollow structure with slotted structures on its sidewalls, and the capacitor is disposed within the slotted structures. The adjustment mechanism includes a fixed component and a movable component. The fixed component is fixedly mounted to the frame, and the movable component is movably connected to the frame. The antenna assembly is connected to the movable component, and the antenna in the antenna assembly extends at least partially into the resonant cavity of the resonant cavity body. This allows for free adjustment of the resonant frequency, improving signal quality and stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of quantum computing technology, and in particular to a probe and a quantum computer for nuclear magnetic resonance technology. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of quantum computing, the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) quantum computer approach is a very user-friendly and easily implemented technical route, and is gradually becoming a key means of studying microscopic quantum states and quantum information processing. With the deepening development of quantum computing research, the demand for precise detection and analysis of quantum systems is increasing, making the performance and functionality of NMR quantum computers crucial, and also placing higher demands on qubit signals.

[0003] From a physics perspective, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) quantum computers are based on the spin properties of atomic nuclei in a magnetic field. By applying radio frequency pulses of a specific frequency, they excite the resonance of atomic nuclei in NMR samples, thereby obtaining information about the structure and dynamics of matter. In this process, the NMR probe plays a crucial role in connecting the sample and the detection equipment, and its performance directly affects the quality and reliability of the experimental data.

[0004] In recent years, with the continuous advancements in materials science, electronic technology, and microfabrication processes, the design and manufacturing of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) probes have also made some progress. Currently, common NMR probes typically consist of a resonant circuit, a radio frequency (RF) coil, a basic clamping structure, and a simple signal transmission line. They employ a relatively fixed mounting method, using traditional resonant circuits to transmit and receive RF signals from the receiving and transmitting plate, introducing the RF signals into the NMR sample, and receiving and transmitting the returned signals. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The inventors of this application have discovered the following problems with existing nuclear magnetic resonance probes:

[0006] 1) The resonant cavity is large in size and occupies a lot of space.

[0007] To improve signal strength, existing nuclear magnetic resonance probes have introduced resonant cavities. In the field of nuclear magnetic resonance quantum computing, the commonly used resonant frequencies are 20-400MHz. To meet the resonance requirements of commonly used resonant frequency bands, a large resonant cavity is usually required. For example, the dimensions of a cylindrical resonant cavity are generally 62-330mm in radius and 124-660mm in height. The large size and large space occupied make it inconvenient to use in compact experimental equipment.

[0008] 2) The signal attenuation is severe and the resonance effect is poor.

[0009] During radio frequency signal transmission, signal attenuation and transmission loss occur, leading to a reduction in the effective signal strength reaching the sample. After sample feedback, the received NMR qubit signal becomes extremely weak. This weak effective signal is difficult to accurately capture and analyze, significantly reducing the quality of experimental data and compromising reliability, severely impacting the sensitivity and accuracy of detection. Furthermore, existing resonant cavity signal enhancement methods have limited effectiveness and cannot meet the signal enhancement requirements of quantum computers, greatly hindering the in-depth research and expansion of NMR quantum computing.

[0010] 3) The resonant frequency is not adjustable.

[0011] Because the size of the resonant cavity of existing nuclear magnetic resonance probes is fixed, their resonant frequency is generally not adjustable. In quantum computing experiments, it is often necessary to flexibly adjust the resonant frequency according to different sample characteristics and experimental conditions. Existing probes cannot meet the diverse experimental needs.

[0012] 4) The unreasonable internal circuit layout of the probe leads to electromagnetic interference and noise, resulting in poor signal quality, low stability, and large experimental errors.

[0013] In view of the above problems, the present invention is proposed to provide a probe and quantum computer for nuclear magnetic resonance technology that overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems.

[0014] This invention provides a probe for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology, comprising: a frame, an adjustment mechanism, a resonant cavity assembly, and an antenna assembly;

[0015] The resonant cavity assembly is fixed on the frame. The resonant cavity assembly includes a resonant cavity body and at least one capacitor. The resonant cavity body is a hollow structure with a slotted structure on its side wall. The capacitor is disposed in the slotted structure.

[0016] The adjustment mechanism includes a fixed component and a movable component. The fixed component is fixedly installed on the frame, and the movable component is movably connected to the frame.

[0017] The antenna assembly is connected to the movable assembly, and the antenna in the antenna assembly extends at least partially into the resonant cavity of the resonant cavity body.

[0018] In some alternative embodiments, the fixing component includes a fixing rod, and the moving component includes an adjusting screw and a moving plate;

[0019] The fixing rod is fixedly installed on the frame;

[0020] The movable plate is fixedly connected to the adjusting screw and slidably connected to the fixed rod;

[0021] The adjusting screw engages with the threaded hole on the frame to adjust the height of the moving plate.

[0022] In some alternative embodiments, the frame includes a top plate, side plates, and a support plate extending from the side plates, the top plate having a first fixing hole and an adjusting threaded hole, and the support plate having a second fixing hole;

[0023] The fixing rod is fixedly connected to the frame through the first fixing mounting hole and the second fixing mounting hole; the adjusting screw is installed on the frame through the adjusting threaded hole.

[0024] In some alternative embodiments, the antenna assembly includes an antenna and an antenna cable passing through a cable hole on the movable plate, the antenna being connected to the end of the antenna cable and extending at least partially into the resonant cavity of the resonant cavity body.

[0025] In some alternative embodiments, the resonant cavity assembly further includes a connecting post, which is fixedly mounted on the frame, and one end of the resonant cavity body is fixedly connected to the connecting post.

[0026] In some alternative embodiments, the resonant cavity body is a hollow cylinder, which is a round cylinder, a square cylinder, or a polygonal prism. The hollow cylinder is not sealed at the top and bottom, and the sidewalls of the hollow cylinder are provided with a slotted structure.

[0027] In some alternative embodiments, the slotted structure of the resonant cavity body is an arc-shaped notch on the side wall of a hollow cylinder, and the slotting angle of the arc-shaped notch is in the range of 5° to 60°.

[0028] The slotting angle refers to the angle between the lines connecting the center of the hollow cylinder to the two ends of the slotted structure on the cross-section of the cylinder.

[0029] In some alternative embodiments, the grooving angle of the arc-shaped notch ranges from 5° to 15°.

[0030] In some alternative embodiments, the resonant cavity body is made of a metallic material with a conductivity greater than a set conductivity threshold.

[0031] In some alternative embodiments, the capacitors are arranged side by side from top to bottom in the slotted structure, and the capacitance and mounting position of the capacitors are designed according to the required resonant frequency range.

[0032] In some alternative embodiments, the moving component includes an adjustment device and a moving plate;

[0033] The movable plate is connected to the adjusting device, which is fixedly installed on the frame. The adjusting device is one of the following: threaded telescopic device, electric telescopic device, pneumatic telescopic device, hydraulic telescopic device, lever telescopic device, spring telescopic device, and worm gear telescopic device.

[0034] The adjusting device moves the movable plate up and down to change the height of the movable plate.

[0035] In some alternative embodiments, the effective cavity size of the resonant cavity is changed by adjusting the length of the antenna extending into the resonant cavity body in the antenna assembly through a movable component.

[0036] This invention provides a quantum computer, characterized in that it includes: the probe described above for nuclear magnetic resonance technology;

[0037] The probe is used to excite electromagnetic waves in a resonant cavity based on the received radio frequency transmission signal, and to return a radio frequency feedback signal based on the electromagnetic waves excited by the nuclear magnetic sample in the resonant cavity.

[0038] In some optional embodiments, the probe is specifically used for: receiving a radio frequency transmission signal sent by a transmitter, transmitting the radio frequency transmission signal to an antenna, and exciting electromagnetic waves in the resonant cavity of the resonant cavity body through the antenna; receiving the nuclear magnetic signal excited by the nuclear magnetic sample in the resonant cavity through the antenna, obtaining a radio frequency feedback signal, and sending it to a receiver; wherein, the electromagnetic waves excited by the radio frequency signal and the nuclear magnetic signal generated by the nuclear magnetic sample after being excited by the electromagnetic waves will oscillate and enhance in the resonant cavity.

[0039] The beneficial effects of the above-described technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following:

[0040] The probe for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology provided in this invention features a slotted structure in the resonant cavity assembly, with a capacitor placed at the slot. This slotted structure provides more space and paths for the electromagnetic field distribution and interaction within the resonant cavity, enabling more efficient energy storage and transfer, thus significantly improving electromagnetic coupling efficiency and greatly increasing the energy storage capacity of the resonant cavity. By adjusting the length of the antenna extending into the resonant cavity through the antenna assembly, the effective cavity size can be altered. Changing the antenna height allows for flexible adjustment of the internal structure and electromagnetic field distribution of the resonant cavity, enabling continuous and precise adjustment of the resonant frequency. This enhances the probe's adaptability and flexibility, allowing for adjustments based on different sample characteristics and experimental conditions. This provides more accurate and reliable signal processing support for various complex experiments, significantly improving the sensitivity and accuracy of probe signal detection. Furthermore, the improved resonant cavity structure allows for reduction in size to a fraction of its original dimensions, even a fraction of its original size.

[0041] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings.

[0042] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0043] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0044] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a probe used for nuclear magnetic resonance technology in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a front view of the probe used for nuclear magnetic resonance technology in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a front view of the resonant cavity assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the resonant cavity assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the slotting angle of the resonant cavity in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 This is one of the example diagrams showing the capacitor configuration in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 This is a second example diagram showing the capacitor configuration in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the quantum computer in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0053] 1. Probe;

[0054] 11. Frame; 12. Adjustment mechanism; 13. Resonant cavity assembly; 14. Antenna assembly;

[0055] 111. Top plate; 112. Side plate; 113. Support plate;

[0056] 121. Fixed component; 122. Moving component; 1211. Fixed rod; 1221. Adjusting screw; 1222. Moving plate;

[0057] 131. Resonant cavity body; 132. Capacitor; 133. Connecting post; 1311. Slotted structure;

[0058] 141. Antenna; 142. Cable. Detailed Implementation

[0059] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0060] While significant progress has been made in the design and fabrication of existing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) probes, numerous challenges remain. For instance, in complex quantum computing experiments, probes need to adapt to varying magnetic field strengths, spatial conditions, and sample characteristics. Furthermore, as the scale and complexity of quantum computing systems continue to increase, higher demands are being placed on the spatial resolution, sensitivity, and frequency response range of the probes.

[0061] Existing nuclear magnetic resonance probes suffer from problems such as large resonant cavity size, large space occupation, severe signal attenuation and poor resonance effect, non-adjustable resonant frequency, and unreasonable circuit layout leading to severe electromagnetic interference and noise. Therefore, they cannot meet the needs of complex quantum computing experimental scenarios and complex quantum computer systems.

[0062] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a probe 1 for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology, which can be used in NMR quantum computers and related fields. An optional structure of the probe 1 for NMR technology is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes: frame 11, adjustment mechanism 12, resonant cavity assembly 13 and antenna assembly 14;

[0063] The resonant cavity assembly 13 is fixed on the frame 11. The resonant cavity assembly 13 includes a resonant cavity body 131 and at least one capacitor 132. The resonant cavity body 131 is a hollow structure with a slotted structure 1311 on its side wall. The capacitor 132 is disposed in the slotted structure 1311.

[0064] The adjustment mechanism 12 includes a fixed component 121 and a movable component 122. The fixed component 121 is fixedly installed on the frame 11, and the movable component 122 is movably connected to the frame 11.

[0065] Antenna assembly 14 is connected to movable assembly 122, and antenna 141 in antenna assembly 14 extends at least partially into resonant cavity of resonant cavity body 131.

[0066] The probe 1 for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology provided in this embodiment of the invention features a slotted structure 1311 in the resonant cavity assembly 13, with a capacitor 132 placed at the slot. This slotted structure 1311 provides more space and pathways for the electromagnetic field distribution and interaction within the resonant cavity, enabling more efficient energy storage and transfer, thus significantly improving its electromagnetic coupling efficiency and greatly increasing the energy storage capacity of the resonant cavity. The effective cavity size is altered by changing the length of the antenna extending into the resonant cavity body 131 in the antenna assembly 14 via the adjustment mechanism 12. Changing the antenna height allows for flexible adjustment of the internal structure and electromagnetic field distribution of the resonant cavity, enabling continuous and precise adjustment of the resonant frequency. This enhances the probe's adaptability and flexibility, allowing for flexible adjustments based on different sample characteristics and experimental conditions. This provides more accurate and reliable signal processing support for various complex experiments, significantly improving the sensitivity and accuracy of probe signal detection. Furthermore, the improved design of the resonant cavity structure allows it to be reduced to a fraction of its original size, or even a fraction of its original dimensions, greatly minimizing the overall size of the resonant cavity.

[0067] In some alternative embodiments, the structure of the resonant cavity assembly 13 is as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the resonant cavity assembly 13 includes a resonant cavity body 131 and a capacitor 132, and the resonant cavity body 131 is provided with a resonant cavity. Optionally, the resonant cavity assembly 13 may also include a connecting post 133, which is fixedly installed on the frame 11, and one end of the resonant cavity body 131 is fixedly connected to the connecting post 133.

[0068] Optionally, the resonant cavity body 131 is a hollow cylinder, which may be, but is not limited to, a cylindrical, square, or polygonal prism. It can also be other hollow cylindrical structures. The hollow cylinder is not sealed at the top and bottom, and its sidewalls have slotted structures 1311. The resonant cavity in this application innovatively adopts a multi-level combined structure, presenting an overall cylindrical slotted design, with the top and bottom surfaces remaining open. This multi-level combined, cylindrically slotted, and open structure not only effectively confines the electromagnetic field within the resonant cavity, significantly reducing energy leakage and ensuring efficient signal transmission and reception, but also provides more space and paths for the distribution and interaction of the electromagnetic field, optimizing the energy storage and transfer mechanism. This allows for more efficient energy storage and transfer, significantly improving its electromagnetic coupling efficiency. This unique structural design greatly increases the energy storage capacity of the resonant cavity, laying the foundation for high-intensity signal transmission and reception. This addresses the problem that, in situations where resonant cavities are not applicable or large-sized resonant cavities are used, signal transmission suffers from attenuation and weak signal strength, ultimately resulting in insufficient quantum bit signal strength, low signal-to-noise ratio, and an inability to fully meet the signal requirements of complex experiments.

[0069] The slotting angle of the resonant cavity in the resonant cavity body 131 is crucial for the distribution and interaction of the electromagnetic field. Figure 3 and Figure 4 Taking the cylindrical resonant cavity body 131 shown as an example, its slotted structure 1311 can be a long, narrow slot running from top to bottom. That is, the slotted structure 1311 of the resonant cavity body 131 is an arc-shaped notch on the side wall of the hollow cylinder, and the slotting angle of the arc-shaped notch ranges from 5° to 60°. The slotting angle refers to the angle between the lines connecting the center of the hollow cylinder to the two ends of the slotted structure on the cross-section of the hollow cylinder. (See also...) Figure 5 The hollow cylindrical cross-section shown has a center O connected to the two ends of the slotted structure by lines OA and OB, respectively, and the slotting angle α is the included angle between OA and OB.

[0070] Optionally, the slot angle of the arc-shaped notch can range from 5° to 15°. Within this narrow but efficient range, the slot size can achieve better resonance. This setting ensures that the performance of the resonant cavity is fully utilized, achieving optimal resonance efficiency.

[0071] Optionally, the resonant cavity body 131 is made of a metallic material with a conductivity greater than a set conductivity threshold. The entire resonant cavity is meticulously crafted from a high-quality metallic material with high conductivity. This material selection effectively confines the electromagnetic field and minimizes energy leakage. The metallic material may be, for example, copper or copper alloys. Alternatively, the resonant cavity body 131 may not use a high-conductivity metallic material, but may be constructed using composite materials. While this may result in slightly inferior performance in electromagnetic field confinement and energy leakage control compared to high-conductivity metallic materials, it is still better than the resonance effect of existing resonant cavities.

[0072] Optionally, a capacitor 132 can be provided at the slotted structure 1311 of the resonant cavity body 131. One or more capacitors 132 can be provided, for example... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, capacitors 132 are arranged side-by-side from top to bottom in the slotted structure 1311. The capacitance and installation position of the capacitors 132 are designed according to the required resonant frequency range. The arrangement of capacitors 132 can further enhance the resonance effect, and the resonance effect can be further improved by using capacitors 132 with different capacitance values. These capacitors 132 are precisely configured according to the characteristics of the electromagnetic field and frequency requirements, which can optimize the resonance performance under different operating frequency bands and conditions. By using different combinations of capacitors 132, the resonant frequency in the resonant cavity can be adjusted to a specific range, ensuring signal stability and enhancement.

[0073] The following examples illustrate two different resonant cavity schemes for different testing phases. Different cylindrical resonant cavity sizes, combined with different capacitance values ​​and spatial positions of capacitor 132, can produce different resonant frequencies. It is foreseeable that there will be many other schemes with resonant cavity sizes and capacitor 132 combinations.

[0074] Example Solution 1:

[0075] The number of capacitors 132 in this scheme is 2 or 3, see [link / reference]. Figure 6 The following are examples of different combinations of capacitor values, including C1 and C2, or C1, C2, and C3, as well as the resonant frequency and return loss under different combinations, as shown in Table 1.

[0076] Table 1

[0077]

[0078] Example 2:

[0079] The scheme uses 2, 3, or 4 capacitors; see [link / reference]. Figure 7 As shown, different combinations of capacitor values, including capacitors C1 and C4, or capacitors C1, C2 and C4, or capacitors C1, C2, C3 and C4, and the resonant frequency and return loss under different combinations, are shown in Table 2.

[0080] Table 2

[0081]

[0082]

[0083] Through the above schemes 1 and 2, it can be seen that different combinations of the number of capacitors 132 and different capacitor values ​​can achieve different resonant frequencies, thereby further realizing flexible adjustment and free control of resonance.

[0084] In the above resonant cavity design, the resonant cavity body 131 can be designed to be relatively small to meet the resonance requirements. It is understood that the size of the resonant cavity body is designed according to needs and is not limited to the sizes listed below. The sizes listed below are to illustrate that the probe in this application can be made much smaller than probes in the prior art to achieve good imaging results. For example... Figure 6 The resonant cavity shown can be 10mm high and 6.5mm in diameter. Figure 7 As shown, the overall dimensions of the resonant cavity are 30mm in height and 7mm in diameter. In general, the overall size of the resonant cavity body 131 in this application is relatively small, with a height of 10-30mm and a radius of 3-10mm, which is sufficient to achieve a good resonance effect.

[0085] Regarding the shape design of the resonant cavity, in addition to designing from... Figure 3 and Figure 4 Besides the hollow cylindrical structure shown, other hollow cylindrical structures can also be designed, such as square or elliptical hollow cylindrical structures, with slotted structures 1311 provided on the hollow cylindrical structure. This may require re-optimization of the electromagnetic field distribution and energy storage mechanism, and may be slightly inferior to the cylindrical slotted structure in practical performance.

[0086] In summary, the resonant cavity structure design described above allows for a very small size, significantly saving space and adapting to more complex experimental environments. It also delivers excellent resonance performance, achieving signal enhancement of 20 dB or even higher, thus significantly improving detection sensitivity and accuracy. Furthermore, because its resonant cavity frequency is adjustable, it can be flexibly adjusted according to different sample characteristics and experimental conditions, providing more precise and reliable signal processing support for various complex experiments.

[0087] In some alternative embodiments, the frame 11 serves a supporting and protective function, and it may be configured as an open structure at the bottom, for example, but not limited to, [missing information]. Figure 1The hollow three-dimensional structure shown can also be a hollow three-dimensional structure of other shapes. The frame 11 includes a top plate 111, side plates 112, and a support plate 113 extending from the side plates. The top plate 111 and support plate 113 can be used to fix and install the moving and fixed components in the adjustment mechanism 12, and also to fix and install the resonant cavity assembly 13 and the antenna assembly 14. Optionally, such as... Figure 1 As shown, frame 11 can be a single-layer structure or an inner and outer double-layer structure.

[0088] In some alternative embodiments, the moving component 122 includes an adjustment device and a moving plate 1222;

[0089] The movable plate 1222 is connected to the adjusting device, which is fixedly installed on the frame 11. The adjusting device is one of the following: threaded telescopic device, electric telescopic device, pneumatic telescopic device, hydraulic telescopic device, lever telescopic device, spring telescopic device, and worm gear telescopic device. The adjusting device drives the movable plate 1222 to move up and down to change the height of the movable plate 1222. Figure 1 The example used here is a threaded telescopic device as the adjusting device, in which case the adjusting device is the adjusting screw 1221.

[0090] Optionally, the fixing component 121 includes a fixing rod 1211, and the moving component 122 includes an adjusting screw 1221 and a moving plate 1222; the fixing rod 1211 is fixedly installed on the frame 11; the moving plate 1222 is fixedly connected to the adjusting screw 1221 and slidably connected to the fixing rod 1211; the adjusting screw 1221 engages with a threaded hole on the frame 11 to adjust the height of the moving plate 1222.

[0091] When the adjusting mechanism 12 adopts a threaded telescopic device, see Figure 1 As shown, the top plate 111 is provided with a first fixed mounting hole and an adjusting threaded hole, and the support plate 113 is provided with a second fixed mounting hole; the fixing rod 1211 is fixedly connected to the frame 11 through the first fixed mounting hole and the second fixed mounting hole; the adjusting screw 1221 is installed on the frame 11 through the adjusting threaded hole, and the threaded hole and mounting hole are not shown in the figure.

[0092] In terms of resonant frequency adjustment mechanisms for resonant cavities, existing technologies may rely on relatively fixed or limited adjustment methods, failing to achieve continuous and precise adjustment of the resonant frequency and making it difficult to adapt to diverse experimental scenarios and sample characteristics. The probe of this application, with its adjustment structure including an adjustment screw and a moving plate, allows for extremely precise and flexible adjustment over a wide frequency range according to specific experimental needs, adjusting the resonant frequency to the ideal value. This ensures optimal matching between the resonant cavity and various complex and changing experimental conditions and different types of samples, greatly expanding the applicability and practical application value of this invention. In smaller application spaces, screw adjustment can precisely control the vertical position of the antenna 141 within the resonant cavity, achieving better adjustment results. Alternatively, different adjustment mechanisms 12 can be designed according to the specific space requirements, such as one or a combination of the adjustment mechanisms 12 listed above, as long as they can achieve vertical position adjustment of the antenna 141.

[0093] Optionally, the antenna assembly 14 includes an antenna 141 and an antenna cable 142, the antenna cable 142 passing through a cable hole on the movable plate 1222, the antenna 141 being connected to the end of the antenna cable 142 and extending at least partially into the resonant cavity of the resonant cavity body 131.

[0094] Optionally, the length of the antenna 141 in the antenna assembly 14 extending into the resonant cavity body can be adjusted by the moving component 122 to change the effective cavity size of the resonant cavity.

[0095] The aforementioned probe for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology can be applied to NMR quantum computers to improve signal strength. By rationally arranging the resonant cavity body 131, antenna cable 142, and antenna 141, the electromagnetic interference and noise problems caused by the unreasonable internal circuit layout of existing probes are solved. The optimized circuit layout and shielding measures effectively reduce interference and noise, further improving signal quality and stability, reducing experimental errors, and enhancing the repeatability and reliability of experimental data.

[0096] Particularly in the crucial area of ​​signal processing, a major breakthrough has been achieved through the introduction of advanced and unique resonant cavity technology. The ingeniously designed resonant cavity structure is not only easy to implement but also allows for stable operation in various complex experimental environments. Its resonant frequency offers high flexibility, allowing adjustment according to specific experimental needs, thus perfectly adapting to various types of samples and complex, diverse experimental conditions. Whether due to variations in sample characteristics or differences in the experimental environment, adjusting the resonant frequency effectively enhances the transmission of radio frequency signals and the reception of nuclear magnetic resonance quantum bit signals, thereby providing high-quality, highly stable signal support for experiments.

[0097] Furthermore, the resonance effect is exceptionally strong, significantly enhancing the transmission strength of radio frequency signals and greatly improving the reception quality of nuclear magnetic resonance quantum bit signals, thereby significantly increasing the signal-to-noise ratio. This remarkable performance improvement provides highly accurate, stable, and reliable data support for in-depth research in the field of quantum computing, powerfully promoting the development and progress of related research.

[0098] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present invention also provide a quantum computer, such as... Figure 8 As shown, it includes: the probe 1 used for nuclear magnetic resonance technology as described above.

[0099] Probe 1 is used to excite electromagnetic waves in the resonant cavity based on the received radio frequency transmission signal, and to return a radio frequency feedback signal based on the electromagnetic waves excited by the NMR sample in the resonant cavity.

[0100] Optionally, probe 1 is specifically used for: receiving the radio frequency transmission signal sent by the transmitter, transmitting the radio frequency transmission signal to antenna 141, and exciting electromagnetic waves in the resonant cavity of resonant cavity body 131 through antenna 141; the nuclear magnetic resonance signal generated by the nuclear magnetic resonance sample in the resonant cavity after being excited by the electromagnetic waves oscillates in the resonant cavity, and the nuclear magnetic resonance signal excited by the nuclear magnetic resonance sample in the resonant cavity is received by antenna 141 to obtain a radio frequency feedback signal and send it to the receiver; wherein, the electromagnetic waves excited by the radio frequency signal and the nuclear magnetic resonance signal generated by the nuclear magnetic resonance sample after being excited by the electromagnetic waves will oscillate and enhance in the resonant cavity based on the antenna 141.

[0101] Unless otherwise specifically stated, terms such as processing, calculation, operation, determination, display, etc., may refer to the actions and / or processes of one or more processing or computing systems or similar devices that represent the manipulation and conversion of data representing physical (e.g., electronic) quantities within the registers or memory of the processing system into other data similarly representing physical quantities within the memory, registers, or other such information storage, transmission, or display devices of the processing system. Information and signals can be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and methods. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips mentioned throughout the above description can be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, light fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0102] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the disclosed process is an example of an exemplary method. Based on design preferences, it should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the process may be rearranged without departing from the scope of this disclosure. The appended method claims provide elements of various steps in an exemplary order and are not intended to limit the scope to the specific order or hierarchy described.

[0103] In the detailed description above, various features are combined together in a single embodiment to simplify this disclosure. This approach to disclosure should not be construed as reflecting an intention that embodiments of the claimed subject matter require more features than are explicitly stated in each claim. Rather, as reflected in the appended claims, the invention is presented with fewer features than all of the features in a single disclosed embodiment. Therefore, the appended claims are hereby explicitly incorporated into the detailed description, with each claim representing a separate preferred embodiment of the invention.

[0104] Those skilled in the art will also understand that the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in conjunction with the embodiments herein can be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination thereof. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability between hardware and software, the various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps described above are generally described in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system. Those skilled in the art can implement the described functionality in alternative ways for each specific application; however, such implementation decisions should not be construed as departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0105] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments herein can be directly embodied in hardware, software modules executed by a processor, or a combination thereof. The software modules can reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disks, removable disks, CD-ROMs, or any other form of storage medium well known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is connected to the processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and storage medium can reside in an ASIC. The ASIC can reside in a user terminal. Alternatively, the processor and storage medium can exist as discrete components in the user terminal.

[0106] For software implementation, the techniques described in this application can be implemented using modules (e.g., procedures, functions, etc.) that perform the functions described in this application. This software code can be stored in memory units and executed by a processor. The memory units can be implemented within the processor or outside the processor; in the latter case, they are communicatively coupled to the processor via various means, as is well known in the art.

[0107] The foregoing description includes examples of one or more embodiments. It is certainly impossible to describe all possible combinations of components or methods in order to describe the above embodiments, but those skilled in the art will recognize that further combinations and arrangements of the various embodiments are possible. Therefore, the embodiments described herein are intended to cover all such changes, modifications, and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, the term "comprising" as used in the specification or claims is interpreted in a manner similar to the term "including," as interpreted when used as a conjunction in the claims. Additionally, the use of any term "or" in the specification of the claims is intended to mean "non-exclusive or."

Claims

1. A probe for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology, characterized in that, include: Frame, adjustment mechanism, resonant cavity assembly, and antenna assembly; The resonant cavity assembly is fixed on the frame. The resonant cavity assembly includes a resonant cavity body and at least one capacitor. The resonant cavity body is a hollow structure with a slotted structure on its side wall. The capacitor is disposed in the slotted structure. The adjustment mechanism includes a fixed component and a movable component. The fixed component is fixedly installed on the frame, and the movable component is movably connected to the frame. The antenna assembly is connected to the movable assembly, and the antenna in the antenna assembly extends at least partially into the resonant cavity of the resonant cavity body.

2. The probe as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing component includes a fixing rod, and the moving component includes an adjusting screw and a moving plate; The fixing rod is fixedly installed on the frame; The movable plate is fixedly connected to the adjusting screw and slidably connected to the fixed rod; The adjusting screw engages with the threaded hole on the frame to adjust the height of the moving plate.

3. The probe as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The frame includes a top plate, side plates, and a support plate extending from the side plates. The top plate is provided with a first fixing hole and an adjusting threaded hole, and the support plate is provided with a second fixing hole. The fixing rod is fixedly connected to the frame through the first fixing mounting hole and the second fixing mounting hole; the adjusting screw is installed on the frame through the adjusting threaded hole.

4. The probe as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The antenna assembly includes an antenna and an antenna cable, the antenna cable passing through a cable hole on the movable plate, the antenna being connected to the end of the antenna cable and extending at least partially into the resonant cavity of the resonant cavity body.

5. The probe as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The resonant cavity assembly also includes a connecting post, which is fixedly installed on the frame, and one end of the resonant cavity body is fixedly connected to the connecting post.

6. The probe as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The resonant cavity body is a hollow cylinder, which can be a round cylinder, a square cylinder, or a polygonal prism. The hollow cylinder is not sealed at the top and bottom, and the side walls of the hollow cylinder are provided with a slotted structure.

7. The probe as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The slotted structure of the resonant cavity body is an arc-shaped notch on the side wall of a hollow cylinder, and the slotting angle of the arc-shaped notch is in the range of 5° to 60°. The slotting angle refers to the angle between the lines connecting the center of the hollow cylinder to the two ends of the slotted structure on the cross-section of the cylinder.

8. The probe as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The grooving angle of the arc-shaped notch ranges from 5° to 15°.

9. The probe as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The resonant cavity body is made of a metal material with a conductivity greater than a set conductivity threshold.

10. The probe as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The capacitors are arranged side by side from top to bottom in the slotted structure, and the capacitance and installation position of the capacitors are designed according to the resonant frequency range required.

11. The probe as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The movable component includes an adjustment device and a movable plate; The movable plate is connected to the adjusting device, which is fixedly installed on the frame. The adjusting device is one of the following: threaded telescopic device, electric telescopic device, pneumatic telescopic device, hydraulic telescopic device, lever telescopic device, spring telescopic device, and worm gear telescopic device. The adjusting device moves the movable plate up and down to change the height of the movable plate.

12. The probe as described in any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The effective cavity size of the resonant cavity can be changed by adjusting the length of the antenna extending into the resonant cavity body in the antenna assembly through the moving component.

13. A quantum computer, characterized in that, include: The probe for nuclear magnetic resonance technology as described in any one of claims 1-11; The probe is used to excite electromagnetic waves in a resonant cavity based on the received radio frequency transmission signal, and to return a radio frequency feedback signal based on the electromagnetic waves excited by the nuclear magnetic sample in the resonant cavity.

14. The quantum computer as described in claim 13, characterized in that, The probe is specifically used for: receiving radio frequency transmission signals sent by the transmitter, transmitting the radio frequency transmission signals to the antenna, and exciting electromagnetic waves in the resonant cavity of the resonant cavity body through the antenna; receiving the nuclear magnetic signal excited by the nuclear magnetic sample in the resonant cavity through the antenna, obtaining a radio frequency feedback signal, and sending it to the receiver; wherein, the electromagnetic waves excited by the radio frequency signal and the nuclear magnetic signal generated by the nuclear magnetic sample after being excited by the electromagnetic waves will oscillate and be enhanced in the resonant cavity.

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