Display module and display device

Abstract

This disclosure provides a display module and display device, relating to the field of display technology. The display module includes a liquid crystal panel, comprising a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. It also includes a conductive structure, a plurality of conductors, and a current-guiding structure. The conductive structure is located on the side of the liquid crystal layer away from the second substrate. The conductors are located at least between the first substrate and the second substrate, serving to electrically connect the conductive structure to the second substrate. The current-guiding structure is located between the first substrate and the second substrate, corresponding to the conductors, and overlaps with the conductors along the thickness direction of the display module. This effectively controls the diffusion path of the conductive silver paste while ensuring the conductivity between the upper and lower substrates, preventing lateral short circuits between the silver paste particles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display module and display device. Background Technology

[0002] In the manufacturing of LCD panels, it is typically necessary to establish an electrical connection between the upper and lower substrates that are positioned opposite each other, in order to guide signals or voltages from one substrate to the other. This conduction between the upper and lower substrates is usually achieved by arranging a conductive medium in the non-display area (or non-active area) of the substrate. Among these materials, conductive silver paste has become a commonly used material in the industry for achieving this connection function due to its excellent conductivity and mature processing solutions.

[0003] However, in actual manufacturing processes, after the conductive silver paste is dropped, the droplets tend to spread randomly in all directions due to gravity and the wettability of the substrate surface. If the droplets are too large, they can easily cause lateral short circuits between adjacent electrical connection points, resulting in functional failure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this disclosure provides a display module and display device that, while ensuring the conductivity of the upper and lower substrates, effectively controls the diffusion path of the conductive silver paste, preventing lateral short circuits between the silver pastes.

[0005] In a first aspect, this disclosure provides a display module, which includes a liquid crystal panel. The liquid crystal panel includes a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. It also includes a conductive structure, a plurality of conductors, and a current-guiding structure. The conductive structure is located on the side of the liquid crystal layer away from the second substrate. The conductors are located at least between the first substrate and the second substrate for contacting the conductive structure with the second substrate. The current-guiding structure is located between the first substrate and the second substrate and is disposed corresponding to the conductors. Along the thickness direction of the display module, the current-guiding structure overlaps with the conductors.

[0006] Secondly, based on the same inventive concept, this disclosure also provides a display device, including the display module provided in the first aspect of this disclosure.

[0007] The technical solution provided in this disclosure has the following advantages compared with the prior art: This disclosure adds a current-guiding structure between the first and second substrates. This current-guiding structure overlaps with the conductor in the thickness direction of the display module. The current-guiding structure acts like a guide rail, ensuring that the conductor is confined within a predetermined area and directly controlling the adhesion morphology of the conductor. In this disclosure, the current-guiding structure can utilize capillary action to guide the conductor to spread in a specific direction, i.e., guide the conductor to extend along a predetermined path. Compared to naturally formed circular droplets on a flat substrate without a current-guiding structure, the current-guiding structure in this disclosure allows the same volume of conductive material to exhibit a flat, elongated shape or other controlled shapes on the substrate.

[0008] In related technologies, reducing the volume of conductors, such as by reducing the amount of silver paste, to avoid short circuits between adjacent conductors may lead to poor conductivity. If there is too much silver paste, it may overflow laterally (lateral conductivity), causing short circuits between adjacent silver pastes. In this disclosure, the introduction of the current-draining structure can change the shape of the conductor, thus eliminating the need to reduce its volume. This allows the conductor to maintain sufficient conductive contact area while significantly shortening its lateral (i.e., the direction of conductor arrangement) extension distance. Through directional current drainage, the conductors can be strictly confined within their respective physical channels, effectively reducing the risk of short circuits caused by disordered diffusion between adjacent conductors and significantly improving product yield. Attached Figure Description

[0009] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0010] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0011] Figure 1 The figure shown is a plan view of a display module provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 2 As shown Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the display module along the AA direction; Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of one arrangement of some of the drainage structures in the display module; Figure 4 The diagram shows a relative positional relationship between the drainage structure and the conductor. Figure 5 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of a film layer of a display module provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 6The diagram shows one possible arrangement of the first electrode on the second substrate in a display module. Figure 7 The figure shown is a planar schematic diagram of a second electrode plate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 8 As shown Figure 7 A BB-direction cross-sectional view of the central drainage structure; Figure 9 The figure shown is a planar schematic diagram of a single drainage structure provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 10 The diagram shown is another planar schematic of a single drainage structure provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 11 The diagram shown is another planar schematic of a single drainage structure provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 12 The diagram shown is another planar schematic of a single drainage structure provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 13 The diagram shown is another planar schematic of a single drainage structure provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 14 The diagram shown is another planar schematic of a single drainage structure provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 15 The diagram shown illustrates the relative positional relationship between the current-guiding structure and the connecting pads provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 16 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of a display module provided in this embodiment, in which a drainage unit includes multiple drainage units. Figure 17 The diagram shown is another structural schematic of a drainage unit in a display module provided in this embodiment, which includes multiple drainage units. Figure 18 The diagram shown is another structural schematic of a drainage unit in a display module provided in this embodiment, which includes multiple drainage units. Figure 19 The diagram shown is another structural schematic of a drainage unit in a display module provided in this embodiment, which includes multiple drainage units. Figure 20 The diagram shown is another structural schematic of a drainage unit in a display module provided in this embodiment, which includes multiple drainage units. Figure 21 The diagram shown illustrates a correspondence between multiple drainage units and multiple conductors in a display module provided in this embodiment. Figure 22 The diagram shown is another structural schematic of a drainage unit in a display module provided in this embodiment, which includes multiple drainage units. Figure 23 The diagram shown is another structural schematic of a drainage unit in a display module provided in this embodiment, which includes multiple drainage units. Figure 24 The figure shown is another planar schematic diagram of a single drainage structure in the display module provided in the embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 25 As shown Figure 7 A C-axis cross-sectional view of the central drainage structure; Figure 26 As shown Figure 7 Another BB-direction cross-sectional view of the central drainage structure; Figure 27 The figure shown is a planar schematic diagram of a second substrate in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 28 As shown Figure 7 Another BB-direction cross-sectional view of the central drainage structure; Figure 29 The diagram shows a relative positional relationship between the conductor and the drainage structure. Figure 30 The diagram shows another relative positional relationship between the conductor and the drainage structure. Figure 31 The image shown is a planar schematic diagram of a first substrate with a third type of groove. Figure 32 The figure shown is another planar schematic diagram of the display module provided in the embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 33 As shown Figure 32 A DD-direction cross-sectional view of the display module; Figure 34 The diagram shows a relative positional relationship between the conductor and the first and second substrates. Figure 35 The image shown is shown. Figure 32 Another DD-direction cross-sectional view of the display module; Figure 36 The image shown is shown. Figure 32 Another DD-direction cross-sectional view of the display module; Figure 37 The diagram shows another relative positional relationship between the conductor and the first and second substrates. Figure 38 The diagram shown is another structural schematic of the display module provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 39 As shown Figure 38 A cross-sectional view of the display module along the EE direction; Figure 40 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of a touch electrode layer provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 41 The diagram shown is a planar structural schematic of a display device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0012] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this disclosure, the solutions disclosed herein will be further described below. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.

[0013] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this disclosure, but this disclosure may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only some, and not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0014] Figure 1 The figure shown is a plan view of a display module 100 provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 2 As shown Figure 1 The image shows a cross-sectional view of the module along the AA direction. Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of one arrangement of some of the drainage structures 20 in the display module. Figure 4 The diagram shown illustrates the relative positional relationship between the drainage structure 20 and the conductor 10. It should be noted that... Figure 1 The illustration uses only a rectangular display module as an example, but does not limit the actual shape of the display module. In some other embodiments of this disclosure, the display module can also be embodied in any other feasible shape such as a circle or a rounded rectangle. Figure 2 The illustration only shows the liquid crystal panel 00 in the display module and does not represent all the film layer structures in the display module. In some other embodiments of this disclosure, in addition to the liquid crystal panel 00, the display module may also include other film layer structures.

[0015] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 This disclosure provides a display module 100, including a liquid crystal panel 00, wherein the liquid crystal panel 00 includes: A first substrate 01 and a second substrate 02 disposed opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer 000 disposed between the first substrate 01 and the second substrate 02; Conductive structure 03 is located on the side of liquid crystal layer 000 away from the second substrate 02; Multiple conductors 10 are located at least between the first substrate 01 and the second substrate 02 for contacting the conductive structure 03 with the second substrate 02; optionally, the conductive structure 03 is electrically connected to a corresponding conductive structure on the second substrate 02. The current-draining structure 20 is located between the first substrate 01 and the second substrate 02. The current-draining structure 20 is correspondingly disposed with the conductor 10, and the current-draining structure 20 overlaps with the conductor 10 along the thickness direction of the display module 100.

[0016] Optionally, the conductor 10 mentioned in the embodiments of this disclosure is silver paste or other conductive materials with a certain degree of fluidity. This disclosure adds a flow-guiding structure 20 between the first substrate 01 and the second substrate 02. This flow-guiding structure 20 overlaps with the conductor 10 in the thickness direction of the display module. The flow-guiding structure 20 acts like a guide rail, ensuring that the conductor 10 is confined within a preset area, directly controlling the adhesion morphology of the conductor 10. Optionally, in this disclosure, the flow-guiding structure 20 can utilize capillary action to guide the conductor 10 to spread in a specific direction, that is, guide the conductor 10 to extend along a preset path. Compared to naturally formed circular droplets on a flat substrate without the flow-guiding structure 20, the flow-guiding structure 20 in this disclosure can cause the same volume of conductive material to exhibit a flat, elongated shape or other controlled shape on the substrate.

[0017] In related technologies, reducing the volume of conductor 10, such as by reducing the amount of silver paste, to avoid short circuits between adjacent conductors 10 may lead to poor conductivity. If the amount of silver paste is excessive, it may overflow laterally (lateral conductivity), causing short circuits between adjacent conductors. In this disclosure, the introduction of the current-guiding structure 20 alters the shape of the conductor 10, thus eliminating the need to reduce its volume. This significantly shortens the lateral (i.e., the direction of conductor arrangement) extension while maintaining sufficient conductive contact area. Through directional current guidance, the conductors 10 can be strictly confined within their respective physical channels, effectively reducing the risk of short circuits caused by disordered diffusion between adjacent conductors 10 and significantly improving product yield.

[0018] It should be noted that the display module mentioned in the embodiments of this disclosure can be a traditional liquid crystal display module, wherein the liquid crystal panel 00 can be, for example, a conventional liquid crystal panel 00 used for image display in a traditional monitor, mobile phone or television.

[0019] In some other embodiments of this disclosure, the liquid crystal panel 00 in the display module may also specifically refer to the panel corresponding to the liquid crystal prism in a 2D or 3D display device. In this case, the liquid crystal panel 00 is not directly used to display images, but rather serves as an optical modulation component, controlling the orientation of liquid crystal molecules through an electric field to form an equivalent prism effect, thereby achieving the switching between 2D and 3D modes.

[0020] For example, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 5 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of a film layer in a display module provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 6 The diagram shows a schematic arrangement of the first electrode 021 on the second substrate 02 in a display module. The display module in this embodiment can be, for example, a 2D or 3D display module, including a display panel 09 and a liquid crystal panel 00 stacked on the light-emitting surface of the display panel 09. In the liquid crystal panel 00, a common electrode 022 is disposed on the first substrate 01, and a first electrode 021 is disposed on the second electrode plate. When a driving voltage signal is transmitted to the first electrode 021 and a common voltage signal is transmitted to the common electrode 022, an electric field for driving the deflection of liquid crystal molecules can be formed between the first electrode 021 and the common electrode 022, thereby enabling the liquid crystal panel 00 to realize 3D or 2D display. To supply power to the common electrode 022 and the first electrode 021 of the liquid crystal panel 00, an electrical connection between the first substrate 01 and the second substrate 02 must be achieved in an extremely narrow bezel area. Traditional processes directly use conductive silver paste, but due to the flat surface of the substrate, silver paste droplets easily diffuse randomly. Therefore, this disclosure guides the silver paste to flow in a predetermined direction by designing a flow-guiding structure 20 overlapping the conductor 10 (silver paste) on the substrate. The flow-guiding structure 20 transforms the originally circular silver paste droplets into flat elongated shapes, thereby significantly compressing its lateral space without reducing the volume of the silver paste (ensuring conductivity), confining the conductive material within a specific path, and effectively preventing the risk of lateral short circuits caused by silver paste overflow.

[0021] Please continue to refer to this. Figures 1 to 4 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the second substrate 02 includes a first region A1 and a second region A2. Along the thickness direction of the display module, the first region A1 overlaps with the first substrate 01, and the second region A2 does not overlap with the first substrate 01. The conductor 10 is located at least in the second region A2, and the current-draining structure 20 is located at least in the second region A2.

[0022] In this embodiment, the first region A1 can be considered as the overlapping portion of the first substrate 01 and the second substrate 02. The second region A2 can be considered as the portion of the second substrate 02 that extends beyond the first substrate 01. The second region A2 can be, for example, an exposed platform reserved for bonding or electrical connection dispensing of flexible circuit boards / driver chips. The conductor 10 and the drainage structure 20 are located at least in the second region A2. In actual manufacturing processes, the conductor 10 is typically first dropped onto the exposed step of the second substrate 02 (i.e., the second region A2). If this area is flat, the droplet will diffuse randomly in all directions. This disclosure provides a drainage structure 20 in the second region A2, which can utilize capillary force to guide the silver paste from the exposed second region A2 to flow directionally into the gap between the first substrate 01 and the second substrate 02. Since the drainage structure 20 begins to function in the second region A2, the silver paste is already shaped before entering the gap between the first substrate 01 and the second substrate 02, preventing lateral overflow at the step that could cause a short circuit.

[0023] Furthermore, in traditional electrical connection schemes, because the silver paste spreads out in a circular pattern, a relatively wide step must be reserved to prevent it from overflowing the edges. In this disclosure, the drainage structure 20 allows the silver paste to spread along a predetermined path in the second region A2 (e.g., the direction from the second region A2 to the first region A1), which significantly reduces the diffusion area of ​​the same volume of silver paste in the lateral direction, thereby supporting a smaller step design and facilitating narrower bezels. Placing the drainage structure 20 in the second region A2 ensures that the silver paste droplets are already in a controlled state when they come into contact with the second region A2, preventing the silver paste from accumulating or leaking at the junction of the two substrates. In this disclosure, the drainage structure 20 helps the silver paste penetrate more deeply and extensively between the first substrate 01 and the second substrate 02, ensuring sufficient contact area between the upper and lower substrates and achieving better conductivity. At the same time, by physically constraining the silver paste in the second region A2, the possibility of adjacent silver paste droplets contacting each other during diffusion is effectively reduced, significantly lowering the risk of lateral short circuits.

[0024] Optionally, the drainage structure 20 includes a groove. Optionally, the groove can be formed by an insulating film layer 71 on the second substrate 02, specifically by removing a portion of the insulating film layer 71. Optionally, the insulating film layer 71 can be an inorganic layer formed of nitrides or silicides (e.g., silicon dioxide, silicon nitride), or an organic layer formed of polymers or organic molecular materials (e.g., photoresist, polyimide). Optionally, the groove includes at least two first-type grooves 21 and at least one second-type groove 22 disposed on the second substrate 02.

[0025] Specifically, Figure 7 The figure shown is a planar schematic diagram of a second electrode plate provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 8 As shown Figure 7 A BB-direction cross-sectional view of the central drainage structure 20. Figure 9 The diagram shown is a plan view of a single drainage structure 20 provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Please refer to it. Figures 7 to 9 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the drainage structure 20 includes at least two first-type grooves 21 and at least one second-type groove 22 disposed on the second substrate 02. The first-type grooves 21 extend along the direction from the second region A2 to the first region A1 and extend from the second region A2 to the first region A1. The second-type grooves 22 are located on the side of the first-type grooves 21 away from the first region A1 and communicate with at least two of the first-type grooves 21.

[0026] In this disclosure, the first type of groove 21 extends along the direction from the second region A2 towards the first region A1 and crosses the overlapping boundary of the first substrate 01 and the second substrate 02. It can be regarded as the main channel for the flow of silver paste, and the conductor 10 (e.g., silver paste) can be drawn from the exposed step (second region A2) into the space between the two substrates (first region A1) by capillary force, ensuring electrical conductivity. The second type of groove 22 is located at the end of the first type of groove 21 (on the side away from the first region A1) and laterally connects at least two of the first type of grooves 21. The second type of groove 22 serves as a collection area for the silver paste dripping. It is responsible for collecting the silver paste and distributing it to the multiple first type of grooves 21 to ensure uniform silver paste distribution.

[0027] When the silver paste drips into the second type of groove 22 and fills it, it moves rapidly along the first type of groove 21 that is connected to it. Through the parallel flow guidance of multiple first type of grooves 21, the effective contact area between the upper and lower substrates is increased, and the contact resistance is reduced. The grooves themselves form a path restriction, which fixes the silver paste in the preset channel and prevents it from overflowing laterally to the adjacent conductor 10.

[0028] This disclosure utilizes a second type of groove 22 to distribute silver paste into multiple first type of grooves 21. Even with slight misalignment of the dispensing position, the silver paste can still enter the conductive channel through the interconnecting structure, significantly improving production yield and ensuring a constant and uniform amount of silver paste entering the gap between the two substrate layers. Due to the limitations of groove depth and direction, the lateral spread of the silver paste at the step (second region A2) is compressed to the extreme. This structure allows for a sufficient volume of conductive material to be accommodated within a narrower width to ensure conductivity, contributing to ultra-narrow bezel designs.

[0029] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 7 and Figure 9 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the extension direction of the second type of groove 22 is different from the extension direction of the first type of groove 21.

[0030] In this embodiment, the first type of groove 21 extends from the second region A2 (exposed region) to the first region A1 (overlapping region). Its core function is to act as a transport channel, using capillary force to introduce the conductor 10 between the two substrate layers. The second type of groove 22 extends in a different direction than the first type (e.g., laterally or arc-shaped), located on the side away from the overlapping region. Its function is to act as a collection area, receiving the initially dripped conductive droplets.

[0031] Because the extension direction of the second type of groove 22 forms an angle with the extension direction of the first type of groove 21, the conductive droplets will preferentially spread along the extension direction of the second type of groove 22 when spreading, causing the originally circular droplet shape to become flattened along the groove direction. The different extension paths increase the resistance gradient of the fluid flow. The silver paste first fills the second type of groove 22 laterally, and then, guided by capillary force, it is transferred into the first type of groove 21. This process of first horizontal and then vertical ensures that the amount of silver paste entering each first type of channel is more uniform.

[0032] Since the extension direction of the second type of groove 22 is different from that of the first type of groove 21, the second type of groove 22 can guide the silver paste to stretch along the long side direction of the frame (the arrangement direction of the conductors 10), which greatly restricts its overflow to the edge of the substrate along the second direction D2. This allows the step width to be compressed to a smaller size while ensuring the same total conductive volume, which is beneficial for achieving an ultra-narrow frame design.

[0033] Because the extension direction of the second type of groove 22 is different from that of the first type of groove 21, when the silver paste fills the second type of groove 22, its surface tension along its original flow direction (the extension direction of the second type of groove 22) is hindered by the sidewall of the first type of groove 21 at the intersection of the second type of groove 22 and the first type of groove 21. This causes the silver paste to flow further along the extension direction of the first type of groove 21, thus preventing the silver paste from spreading further along the extension direction of the second type of groove 22. Therefore, even if two adjacent electrical connection points are very close, their respective silver pastes will be confined within their own independent channels, effectively reducing the risk of short circuits caused by contact between adjacent silver paste droplets. In addition, the anisotropic groove design reduces the dependence on dispensing accuracy. Even if the dispensing position is slightly deviated in the second area A2 (exposed area), the anisotropically extending grooves can accurately guide the silver paste to the corresponding conductive position through their collection and guiding mechanism.

[0034] Figure 10 The diagram shown is another planar schematic of a single drainage structure 20 provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure. This embodiment illustrates another feasible structure of the drainage structure 20. Please refer to... Figure 1 , Figure 7 and Figure 10 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the orthographic projection of the second type of groove 22 on the second substrate 02 is a straight line segment, and the extension direction of the straight line segment is a first direction D1, which is parallel to the arrangement direction of the conductor 10. At this time, the extension direction of the first type of groove 21 communicating with the second type of groove 22 is from the second region A2 to the first region A1.

[0035] When conductive silver paste is dripped, because the second type of groove 22 is a straight segment, after the silver paste drips into the second type of groove 22, it is limited by the edge of the straight segment of the groove and cannot spread towards the edge of the substrate along the second direction D2. Instead, it can only spread along the direction of the straight segment (lateral, i.e., the first direction D1). By forcibly shaping the silver paste into a straight strip parallel to the edge, the amount of overflow towards the edge of the substrate along the second direction D2 is greatly reduced. While ensuring the conductive area, the step width is significantly reduced. When the silver paste fills the lateral second type of groove 22, it will be drawn by capillary force into the first type of groove 21 that intersects with it. The first type of groove 21 provides a direct path to the gap between the two substrates, ensuring that the silver paste can enter the overlapping area more deeply and extensively, increasing the contact area of ​​the conductor 10 between the first substrate 01 and the second substrate 02. Since the second type of groove 22 is a straight segment extending along the arrangement direction of the conductor 10, even if there is a slight deviation in the lateral direction of the dispensing position, the silver paste can still be collected and guided into the corresponding first type of groove 21.

[0036] When the second type of groove 22 is in the form of a straight line segment, the silver paste will preferentially spread rapidly along this straight line direction (first direction D1), causing the droplets to change from a circle to a controlled narrow and elongated flat shape. The grooves parallel to the arrangement direction of the conductors 10 can ensure that adjacent conductors 10 are spread parallel to each other on their respective predetermined trajectories without interfering with each other. Moreover, the straight line segment structure is simple and has constant resistance, which is conducive to achieving a more uniform flow distribution of silver paste among multiple first type of grooves 21.

[0037] The above embodiments describe a scheme where the second type of groove 22 is a straight line segment, but this disclosure is not limited thereto. Please refer to [the relevant documentation]. Figure 9 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the orthographic projection of the second type of groove 22 on the second substrate 02 is an arc segment, wherein the center of the arc segment is located on the side of the arc segment facing the first region A1, that is, the arc segment protrudes outward relative to the first region A1. At this time, the extension direction of the first type of groove 21 communicating with the second type of groove 22 is from the second region A2 to the first region A1.

[0038] When silver paste drips into the second type of groove 22 of the arc-shaped segment, because the center of the arc points inward (first region A1), capillary force guides the droplet not only to spread along the arc but also to converge towards the center (i.e., towards the first region A1). Within a limited step width, the arc-shaped structure has a longer trajectory than a straight segment, meaning it can hold a larger volume of silver paste without overflowing towards the substrate edge. The arc-shaped segment can simultaneously connect multiple first type of grooves 21. Due to the geometric characteristics of the arc, the silver paste can enter each longitudinal channel (e.g., along the direction from the second region A2 towards the first region A1) with more uniform pressure.

[0039] In this embodiment, the arc-shaped opening faces inward, and this geometric constraint can partially encircle the silver paste droplets. Compared to the straight segment, it can more effectively prevent the silver paste from diffusing to the outermost edge of the second substrate 02. This provides a higher safety margin for products pursuing extremely narrow bezels. Moreover, the layout of the center of the arc-shaped segment in the first region A1 allows the first type of groove 21, which communicates with the second type of groove 22, to present a centripetal converging arrangement. This structure can concentrate capillary pressure, drawing the silver paste more quickly and deeply into the core conductive position between the first substrate 01 and the second substrate 02, ensuring that the contact resistance between the upper and lower substrates is minimized, effectively improving the stability of signal transmission.

[0040] The second type of groove 22, besides being manifested as straight segments and curved segments, can also be manifested as other shapes, for example, please refer to Figure 11 or Figure 12 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 The following are alternative planar schematic diagrams of a single drainage structure 20 provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. In an optional embodiment of this disclosure, the orthographic projection of the second type of groove 22 on the second substrate 02 is a broken line segment, with the opening of the broken line segment facing the first region A1. This means that the apex or protrusion of the broken line segment points away from the first region A1 (i.e., towards the outermost edge of the substrate). At this time, the extension direction of the first type of groove 21 communicating with the second type of groove 22 is from the second region A2 to the first region A1.

[0041] The second type of groove 22 in the zigzag structure forms a physical funnel at the edge of the second substrate 02. When conductive silver paste drips into the zigzag, the edge of the zigzag effectively prevents the droplet from spreading to the outer edge of the substrate and guides the fluid to the converging part of the zigzag using its geometry. The zigzag segment structure increases the total length of the groove and the edge contact surface within a limited width space. This enhances the capillary pull, allowing the silver paste to spread more quickly. The inward-facing opening design of the zigzag segment utilizes the geometric dead angle to lock the flow tendency of the silver paste towards the substrate edge (i.e., the step width direction, or the second direction D2), providing a better encapsulation of the silver paste and making it easier to process precisely under certain processes. This design ensures that even with extremely narrow step widths, the silver paste does not overflow the boundary, guaranteeing the compactness of the module.

[0042] The zigzag shape increases the geometric path complexity between adjacent electrical connection points. Even if the dispensing amount is slightly excessive, the overflowing silver paste will preferentially flow along the zigzag path rather than crossing gaps to contact adjacent droplets, thus significantly reducing the risk of lateral short circuits, especially suitable for LCD products with high pixel density or high electrode density. The connection between the second type of groove 22 in the form of zigzag segments and the first type of groove 21 ensures a smooth transition of silver paste from the collection area to the conduction area. Guided by the zigzag structure, the silver paste can more stably fill the space between the first substrate 01 and the second substrate 02, forming a full conductor, effectively reducing contact resistance and improving the signal driving efficiency of the display module.

[0043] Figure 13 The diagram shown is another planar schematic of a single drainage structure 20 provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure. Please refer to [the original text here]. Figure 10 or Figure 13 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the second type of groove 22 includes a first end 221 and a second end 222 disposed at both ends along its extension direction. The first end 221 communicates with at least one first type of groove 21, and the second end 222 communicates with at least another first type of groove 21.

[0044] Thus, when conductive silver paste drips into the middle or the entire area of ​​the second type of groove 22, it can diffuse simultaneously to both ends and enter different conductive paths through both ends. When the conductive liquid drips in, capillary force not only guides its longitudinal flow (e.g., the direction from the second region A2 to the first region A1), but also, through the connectivity between the first end 221 and the second end 222, causes the liquid to rapidly fill the entire second type of groove 22 laterally. One collection tank corresponds to multiple flow channels, forming a one-to-many mesh connection pattern. If one of the first type of grooves 21 becomes slightly blocked due to manufacturing defects, the liquid can automatically flow to the channel at the other end through the connectivity of the second type of groove 22, ensuring that the electrical connection does not completely fail.

[0045] This disclosure connects different first-type grooves 21 via the first end 221 and the second end 222 of the second-type groove 22, enabling multiple parallel physical paths for electrical conduction between the first substrate 01 and the second substrate 02. This significantly reduces the risk of single-point contact failure. Even with slight deviations in adhesive application or localized contamination of the substrate, stable electrical signal transmission can still be guaranteed through the connectivity of multiple paths.

[0046] In this disclosure, the second type of groove 22 acts as a buffer. Before entering the gap between the two substrates (first region A1), the silver paste achieves lateral pressure and flow balance within the second type of groove 22. This ensures a highly consistent amount of silver paste entering each conductive point, avoiding overflow short circuits due to excessive local silver paste or excessive impedance due to insufficient local silver paste. Moreover, since the liquid can be rapidly diverted at both ends within the second type of groove 22, it does not require a large vertical area on the second region A2 to accommodate the liquid. Under the constraint of extremely narrow step width, this elongated strip design with diversion at both ends can accommodate more conductive material, balancing the contradiction between volume requirements and space constraints.

[0047] It should be noted that, Figure 10 The embodiment shows a scheme in which the first end 221 of a single second-type groove 22 communicates with a first-type groove 21, and the second end 222 communicates with a first-type groove 21. Figure 13 The embodiment shows a scheme in which the first end 221 of a single second-type groove 22 communicates with two first-type grooves 21, and the second end 222 communicates with two first-type grooves 21. However, this disclosure is not limited to this. The number of first-type grooves 21 connected to the first end 221 and the second end 222 can be flexibly set according to the actual situation. The number of first-type grooves 21 connected to both ends can be the same or different. In addition, Figure 10 and Figure 13 This description only uses the second type of groove 22 as an example of a straight line segment shape. The same applies to other shapes of the second type of groove 22.

[0048] Please refer to Figures 9 to 13 In any of the accompanying drawings, in an optional embodiment of this disclosure, the first type of groove 21 connected to the first end 221 and the first type of groove 21 connected to the second end 222 are parallel, and the extending direction of the first type of groove 21 is the second direction D2, which is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the conductor 10.

[0049] After the silver paste is dripped into the second type of groove 22, a set of parallel channels with equal spacing and consistent flow resistance is formed because the first type of groove 21 is perpendicular to the arrangement direction and parallel to each other. Since both ends of the second type of groove 22 are connected to parallel drainage channels, the silver paste, under the action of capillary force, will permeate at the same pressure from the second type of groove 22 as the center to the parallel channels at both ends. The parallel first type of groove 21, like a track, strictly confines the silver paste within a predetermined longitudinal path (such as the direction from the second region A2 to the first region A1), prohibiting any deviation in the lateral direction (i.e., the first direction D1). The first type of groove 21 are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the arrangement direction, which physically forces that the conductive material can only penetrate longitudinally, and there is no possibility of lateral crossing.

[0050] Multiple parallel first-type grooves 21 are connected at both ends of the second-type groove 22 to form a multi-channel parallel conductive pillar. Compared with single-channel current conduction, the parallel multi-channel significantly increases the filling amount and contact area of ​​the conductive medium between the upper and lower substrates, thereby reducing the contact resistance and improving the uniformity of signal transmission in large-size LCD panels.

[0051] In this embodiment, since all the first-type grooves 21 are neatly and vertically aligned with the first area A1, the silver paste is efficiently drawn from the second area A2 into the first area A1 without accumulating at the edges. This allows the step width to be designed to the limits of the manufacturing process, helping to achieve a visual effect of extremely narrow bezels. As long as the silver paste droplets cover any part of the second-type grooves 22, due to the design of its two ends connecting parallel channels, the liquid can automatically balance and enter all parallel drainage paths, thus effectively reducing the requirements for the positioning accuracy of the dispensing machine and maintaining a very high yield even on high-speed production lines.

[0052] Figure 14 The diagram shown is another planar schematic of a single drainage structure 20 provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Please refer to [the diagram]. Figure 14 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the extension directions of the first type of groove 21 connected to the first end 221 and the first type of groove 21 connected to the second end 222 intersect. The second type of groove 22 has a center line L0 extending along the second direction D2. Along the direction of the second type of groove 22 pointing to the first region A1, the distance between the first type of groove 21 and the center line L0 gradually increases. The second direction D2 is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the conductor 10.

[0053] In this embodiment, the first type of grooves 21 connected to both ends of the second type of groove 22 are no longer arranged in parallel, but rather at a certain angle. As it extends from the second region A2 to the first region A1, the distance between the first type of groove 21 and the center line L0 gradually increases, presenting an overall radial layout in the shape of a figure eight or a trumpet, with the opening facing the first region A1.

[0054] As the first type of groove 21, connected to the same second type of groove 22, gradually spreads out towards the first region A1, the fluid experiences resistance and changes in surface tension during flow. This expansion structure generates an outward pulling force, assisting the silver paste to cover the conductive parts of the first region A1 more broadly. By gradually increasing the spacing, the silver paste is forcibly guided to spread appropriately to both sides when entering the gap between the double-layer substrates, thereby increasing the lateral width of the electrical connection rather than the longitudinal thickness. Capillary force not only drives the silver paste forward (to the first region A1) but also generates an outward component, ensuring that the silver paste fills the entire edge of the conductive window.

[0055] When the silver paste enters the first region A1 (the overlapping area of ​​the two substrates), the expanding first-type grooves 21 guide it to spread outwards. Compared to parallel grooves, this radial design allows the conductive medium to form a larger contact area in the first region A1, thereby significantly reducing contact resistance and improving signal transmission power. In the second region A2, the two first-type grooves 21 connected to the same second-type groove 22 are closer together (closer to the centerline), which tightly locks the initial droplet in the narrow central area, preventing it from overflowing to the outer edge. It compresses the space occupied at the dispensing point while freeing up area at the conductive position, perfectly resolving the contradiction between small initial space and large contact area.

[0056] Figure 15 The diagram shown illustrates the relative positional relationship between the current-guiding structure 20 and the connecting pad P0 provided in this embodiment. Please refer to the diagram. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 15 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, a connection pad P0 is provided on the second substrate 02 facing the first substrate 01 on the first side. The connection pad P0 is located at least in the first region A1, and the conductor 10 is electrically connected to the connection pad P0. In the first region A1, the distance between the first type of groove 21 connected to the first end 221 and the first type of groove 21 connected to the second end 222 is a first distance S1, and the width of a single connection pad P0 is greater than or equal to the first distance S1.

[0057] The first distance S1 can be understood as the lateral span between the two first-type grooves 21 extending from both ends of the second-type groove 22 in the first region A1. When the width of a single connection pad P0 is greater than or equal to the first distance S1, the distribution range of all the guide channels corresponding to the first-type grooves 21 extending from the same second-type groove 22 after entering the first region A1 is limited to the width range of the same connection pad P0.

[0058] The second type of groove 22 serves as a collection area, diverting the silver paste to both ends, and then guiding it to the first area A1 through the first type of groove 21. Since the spacing of the first type of groove 21 is less than or equal to the width of the connecting pad P0, the silver paste precisely covers the same pad after entering the first area A1. Multiple guide grooves simultaneously deliver conductive material to a single pad, utilizing the capillary action of the microstructure to allow the silver paste to more quickly wet and cover the entire pad surface, displacing tiny air bubbles at the contact surface. By introducing the silver paste into the same pad through multiple parallel or intersecting grooves, it ensures that even if one groove becomes clogged or the dispensing is misaligned, the connecting pad P0 still receives sufficient conductive material support.

[0059] In this embodiment, the silver paste is precisely guided and confined within the width of the pads, ensuring maximum effective contact area between the conductor and the connecting pad P0, reducing impedance at the electrical connection, which significantly reduces signal attenuation and improves signal response speed. This disclosure, by limiting the distribution span (first distance S1) of the first type of grooves 21, physically forces the silver paste to follow its designated path, strictly preventing it from overflowing into the gap area outside the pads. Even in extremely high-density wiring environments (with very small spacing between adjacent pads), it ensures that the conductive material does not undergo lateral diffusion across electrodes, greatly improving production yield.

[0060] Because the distribution of the silver paste in the first region A1 is confined within the width of the pad, it is more controlled in both the thickness and lateral directions (first direction D1). This allows designers to further reduce the spacing between the pads, thereby reducing the overall bezel size without sacrificing the stability of the electrical connections.

[0061] In 3D displays, when the conductor 10 is used to connect electrodes controlling the deflection of the liquid crystal, inconsistent conduction states of the electrodes can lead to uneven phase differences generated by the prism, resulting in ghosting or dark lines. This disclosure sets the width of each connection pad P0 to be greater than or equal to the first distance S1. This precise dimensional matching design ensures that the amount of conductive silver paste obtained by each connection pad P0 is uniform and full, improving the uniformity of the liquid crystal prism's optical function and optimizing the 3D viewing experience.

[0062] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the drainage structure 20 includes a plurality of drainage units 201, the arrangement direction of the drainage units 201 is the same as the arrangement direction of the conductors 10, and the drainage units 201 are correspondingly arranged with the conductors 10.

[0063] This embodiment physically severs the fluid pathways between different electrical connection points by unitizing the drainage structure 20. The conductive material is strictly confined to its corresponding unit. Due to the perfectly corresponding arrangement and position, the silver paste immediately enters its dedicated drainage path after being dropped, reducing the free flow time of the liquid before entering the groove. Moreover, the capillary pressure within each unit acts only on the corresponding conductor 10, avoiding the uneven flow distribution problem that may occur in long-distance grooves.

[0064] In this disclosure, there is a physical spacing between the current-draining units 201. Even if the conductive silver paste diffuses sufficiently within the unit, it cannot cross the unit boundary to contact adjacent silver paste. For 3D liquid crystal prisms with thousands of electrodes (with extremely small electrode spacing), this design provides a robust safety barrier, ensuring the independence of signals in each channel.

[0065] By assigning a conductor 10 to each flow-guiding unit 201, the shape of each drop of silver paste is independently reshaped (from round to flat). Compared to a flat substrate, this significantly reduces the risk of silver paste overflow in the step width direction at a single point. Because each point is controlled, the overall bezel consistency of the module is significantly improved, supporting narrower visual bezels. The flow channel geometry faced by each electrical connection point (conductor 10) is identical. This ensures that the contact resistance of all electrodes remains highly consistent across the entire screen or bezel. During 3D display switching, this consistency guarantees the accuracy of prism phase modulation and eliminates ghosting.

[0066] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 3 and Figure 7 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the drainage unit 201 includes at least two nested drainage units 30. Each drainage unit 30 includes a second type of groove 22 and at least two first type of grooves 21 communicating with the second type of groove 22. Nesting, as referred to in this disclosure, means that one drainage unit 30 extends along the periphery of another drainage unit 30 (at a certain distance) and surrounds the other drainage unit 30. The inner drainage unit 30 may, for example, be located in the core region of the drainage unit 201, directly receiving the initial droplets of the conductor 10 (such as silver paste). The outer drainage unit 30 extends along the periphery of the inner drainage unit 30, maintaining a certain distance, forming one or more layers of physical surrounding structure. Thus, each layer of drainage unit 30 has an independent second type of groove 22 as a collection area and at least two first type of grooves 21 as a drainage area, and these channels ultimately point to the first region A1.

[0067] During the dripping or diffusion of silver paste, if the volume of the inner layer of guiding monomers 30 is insufficient or the dispensing pressure is too high, excess silver paste may overflow. In this case, the outer layer of guiding monomers 30 acts like a moat, precisely capturing the overflowing liquid with its surrounding groove structure, preventing it from spreading uncontrollably to adjacent electrodes. Although the outer layer of guiding monomers 30 is positioned outwards, its first type of groove 21 still points towards the first region A1. This means that regardless of whether the silver paste falls on the inner or outer layer of guiding monomers 30, it will ultimately be drawn to the correct conductive position by capillary force. The multi-layer nesting increases the contact perimeter of the liquid. As the amount of liquid increases, the contact area increases linearly with the number of layers, thereby maintaining stable capillary pressure and ensuring the fullness of the silver paste filling.

[0068] Because the outer layer of the flow-guiding monomer 30 completely surrounds the inner layer of the flow-guiding monomer 30, it forms a semi-enclosed isolation zone. In scenarios with extremely dense electrodes, such as 3D liquid crystal prisms, this structure completely cuts off potential fluid pathways between adjacent electrical connection points, minimizing the risk of lateral short circuits. The surround design expands the effective capture area for droplets; even if the dispensing needle alignment deviates by a micrometer, as long as the droplet falls within the nested structure, it can be effectively guided to the first zone A1. This significantly improves the yield of automated production lines. Multiple flow-guiding monomers 30 in the nested structure can share the flow pressure, rather than simply increasing the lateral width. This allows for the safe handling of larger volumes of conductive material within an extremely narrow step (second zone A2) space, contributing to a truly ultra-narrow bezel display effect.

[0069] If there are at least two nested 30-channel flow guides, it means that there are at least four independent first-class flow guide channels. Multi-path flow guides ensure that the silver paste distribution on the connection pad P0 is more uniform, reducing the fluctuation of contact resistance and ensuring voltage stability and optical consistency during 3D display switching.

[0070] It should be noted that, Figure 3 and Figure 7 This description uses only one drainage unit 201 comprising two nested drainage units 30 as an example, but this disclosure is not limited thereto. In some other embodiments of this disclosure, a drainage unit 201 may also include three or more drainage units 30, for example, please refer to Figure 16 ,in, Figure 16 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of a display module provided in this embodiment, in which a drainage unit 201 includes a plurality of drainage units 30.

[0071] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 3 and Figure 16 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, at least two drainage monomers 30 in a drainage unit 201 have the same shape. Thus, within the same drainage unit 201, the outer drainage monomers 30 and the inner drainage monomers 30 are geometrically scaled or translated proportionally to each other. For example, the first type of grooves 21 in all drainage monomers 30 are parallel to each other and are all perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the conductive monomers. Alternatively, please refer to... Figure 17 All individual units employ a radial / expanding design, forming a multi-nested horn-shaped array. Among them, Figure 17 The diagram shown is another structural schematic of a drainage unit 201 in the display module provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure, which includes a plurality of drainage units 30.

[0072] Because the inner and outer layer current-guiding monomers 30 have the same shape, the capillary force vector direction experienced by the conductor 10 in different layer grooves is consistent. This avoids fluid turbulence or local bubble retention caused by shape differences. The same geometry means that each level of the current-guiding path has similar flow resistance characteristics. When the silver paste overflows to the outer layer, it can perform secondary current guiding with the exact same efficiency as the inner layer, ensuring consistent response speed. Moreover, the identical geometric design can maximize the use of substrate space, and the current-guiding monomers 30 of the same shape can be nested with minimal spacing, thereby increasing the density of current-guiding channels without increasing the step width.

[0073] When at least two flow-guiding units 30 in the same flow-guiding unit 201 have the same shape, the control logic for the fluid by all flow-guiding units 30 is repetitive and consistent. Due to the uniform shape, the setting of process parameters (such as etching depth and width) is more standardized, reducing manufacturing deviations.

[0074] When two identical current-guiding units are nested together, it effectively doubles the number of conductive paths (e.g., from two to four or more), with each path having comparable conductivity. For devices like 3D liquid crystal prisms, which are extremely sensitive to impedance, this design ensures a linear decrease in total resistance at the electrical connection and extremely uniform current distribution, avoiding localized overheating or signal delay.

[0075] When using vertically parallel isomorphic nesting, all the flow forces are concentrated in the longitudinal direction (e.g., the direction from the second zone A2 to the first zone A1). This makes the lateral diffusion of the silver paste in the step (second zone A2) locked by multiple identical physical boundaries, which helps to further avoid short circuit problems between adjacent conductors 10.

[0076] If all layers are trumpet-shaped, the multi-layered nesting forms a progressively expanding flow-guiding array. This structure can generate a wider coverage area in the first region A1, while maintaining extremely high inward converging force in the second region A2, achieving an ideal conduction morphology with a narrow inlet and a wide outlet.

[0077] Of course, in some other embodiments of this disclosure, the shapes of different drainage units 30 in the same drainage unit 201 can also be designed differently, for example, please refer to Figure 18 or Figure 19 , Figure 18 and Figure 19 The following are schematic diagrams illustrating another structure of a drainage unit 201 comprising multiple drainage units 30 in the display module provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 18 In the illustrated embodiment, the first type of groove 21 in one drainage unit 30 is vertically arranged, while the other is flared. Alternatively, Figure 19In the embodiment shown, the second type of groove 22 in one drainage unit 30 is arc-shaped, while the second type of groove 22 in the other drainage unit 30 is straight-shaped.

[0078] For details, please refer to Figure 18 The extension direction of the first type of groove 21 in the inner layer current-guiding monomer 30 can be perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the conductor 10, while the extension direction of the first type of groove 21 in the outer layer current-guiding monomer 30 is trumpet-shaped. The inner layer current-guiding monomer 30 is responsible for introducing the central part of the silver paste into the conductive area at the fastest speed; the outer trumpet-shaped current-guiding monomer 30 is responsible for stretching the silver paste overflowing from the edge to the outside, ensuring that the edge of the pad can also be fully wetted, thereby maximizing the contact area.

[0079] Alternatively, please refer to Figure 19 In the inner layer of the draining monomer 30, the second type of groove 22 adopts an arc-shaped structure, while the second type of groove 22 in the outer layer of the draining monomer 30 is a straight line segment. The arc-shaped structure provides a stronger sense of enclosure and cohesion for the dispensing point, which is suitable for initial capture of droplets; the straight line structure of the outer layer provides extremely strong lateral boundary control, ensuring that even if a large-scale overflow occurs, the silver paste will extend along a straight line parallel to the edge and will never leak to the outer edge of the substrate.

[0080] Of course, in some other embodiments of this disclosure, the second groove in the inner drainage monomer 30 may be set as a straight line segment, and the second type of groove 22 in the outer drainage monomer 30 may be set as an arc structure, for example, please refer to Figure 20 , Figure 20 The diagram shown is another structural schematic of a drainage unit 201 in the display module provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure, which includes a plurality of drainage units 30.

[0081] Figure 21 The diagram shown illustrates a correspondence between multiple current-draining units 201 and multiple conductors 10 in a display module provided in this embodiment. Please refer to the diagram. Figure 21 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, along the arrangement direction of the conductors 10, i.e., along the first direction D1, the maximum width S01 of a drainage unit 201 is greater than or equal to the width S02 of a single conductor 10. The maximum width of the drainage unit 201 refers to the span of a single drainage structure 20 (including all first-type and second-type grooves within it) along the arrangement direction of the conductors 10.

[0082] When conductive silver paste is dropped, because the width of the guiding unit 201 is larger than the droplet, all the edges of the droplet fall within the control range of the groove structure. This eliminates the possibility of the droplet overflowing from the guiding structure 20 onto the flat substrate area. The larger width of the guiding unit 201 provides ample initial lateral flow space for the droplet, and the lateral grooves (second type grooves 22) within the unit distribute the droplet energy evenly, preventing it from splashing or spreading too quickly to the substrate edges. This ensures that every part of the surface of the conductor 10 can contact the capillary channel, thereby achieving synchronous reshaping of the overall morphology. Thus, even if there is a slight misalignment in the dispensing machine, as long as the droplet falls within the width range of the guiding unit 201, the grooves in the guiding unit 201 can function, thereby reducing the reliance on high-precision dispensing equipment. On high-speed production lines, this width design can significantly reduce poor conductivity or overflow short circuits caused by dispensing misalignment.

[0083] In this embodiment, because the lateral width of the flow-guiding unit 201 is sufficient, it can guide the silver paste to stretch preferentially along the arrangement direction (i.e., the first direction D1), thereby achieving contraction in the vertical direction (i.e., the second direction D2), effectively compressing the step width and facilitating the narrow bezel design. With this width design, the flow-guiding unit 201 not only surrounds the droplet but also provides a wider flow channel inlet than the droplet itself. This allows the silver paste to be drawn into the first region A1 from a wider cross-section, ensuring the formation of a large-area and uniformly thick conductive structure on the connecting pad P0, and reducing the contact resistance of the conductor 10.

[0084] Figure 22 The diagram shown is another structural schematic of a drainage unit 201 comprising multiple drainage units 30 in a display module provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 22 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the first type of groove 21 and the second type of groove 22 in the same drainage monomer 30 have the same width. In microfluidic dynamics, the width of the channel directly determines the magnitude of the capillary pressure. When the widths of the two types of grooves are the same, the adsorption force experienced by the conductive liquid during lateral diffusion and longitudinal penetration is consistent. At the junction of the two types of grooves, since there is no abrupt change in width, the fluid will not experience a sudden drop in flow rate or bubble retention due to the change in cross-sectional area, ensuring the continuity of the conductive material flow.

[0085] During photolithography or etching processes, because all groove lines have the same width, the development and etching rates will also remain highly consistent. This simplifies the parameter settings of the production line and ensures a high degree of uniformity in the morphology of the microstructure array in the flow-guiding unit 201.

[0086] Furthermore, the equal width design of the first type of groove 21 and the second type of groove 22 avoids the bottleneck effect. That is, when the silver paste enters the first type of groove 21 from the second type of groove 22, it does not need to overcome the additional resistance caused by the width contraction. This reduces the time for the silver paste to reach the conductive area from the dispensing point, prevents the viscosity of the silver paste from increasing sharply due to excessive solvent evaporation during the delivery process, and ensures that the final conductive pillar is full and has a stable resistance. Moreover, the equal width design of the first type of groove 21 and the second type of groove 22 facilitates geometric arrangement within an extremely narrow step space. There is no need to reserve additional safety gaps for grooves of different widths, which can make the most efficient use of the edge area of ​​the second substrate, providing strong support for achieving an extremely narrow bezel.

[0087] Of course, in some other embodiments of this disclosure, the widths of the first type of groove 21 and the second type of groove 22 can be designed differently, for example, please refer to Figure 23 , Figure 23 The diagram shown is another structural schematic of a drainage unit 201 in the display module provided in this embodiment, which includes multiple drainage units 30. In an optional embodiment of this disclosure, the width of the second type of groove 22 in the same drainage unit 30 is greater than the width of the first type of groove 21.

[0088] Considering that the capillary pressure of the fluid within the groove is inversely proportional to the characteristic width of the channel, when the width of the second type of groove 22 is greater than the width of the first type of groove 21, the absolute value of the capillary negative pressure generated inside the first type of groove 21 is larger. This width difference creates a significant pressure difference at the interface. The resultant force generated by this pressure difference points in the direction of the narrowing width (i.e., towards the inside of the liquid crystal cell), thereby generating a spontaneous suction force that forcibly guides the conductive silver paste to flow faster. Thus, the non-uniform width design greatly improves the migration rate of the silver paste. The silver paste can reach the predetermined connection pad position in a shorter time. This not only improves production efficiency but also shortens the exposure time of the silver paste in the open environment, preventing viscosity increases due to solvent evaporation and ensuring consistent conductivity.

[0089] Furthermore, by setting a larger width in the landing area (second type of groove 22), a larger initial volume can be provided to accommodate the silver paste droplets; and the rapid suction force at the connection can quickly clear the accumulated liquid in the landing area. This reduces the risk of droplets overflowing towards the substrate edge in the second region A2, allowing the step width to be further compressed to support an extremely narrow bezel. This active pulling force helps the silver paste overcome frictional resistance and venting resistance in the narrow gaps, allowing the silver paste to fill the tiny electrode gaps in the first region A1 more fully. This eliminates voids and poor contact at the electrical connections, ensuring the conductivity of the conductor.

[0090] The above embodiments illustrate a scheme with a uniform width design for a single first-type groove 21, but this disclosure is not limited thereto. Please refer to [the relevant documentation]. Figure 24, Figure 24 The diagram shown is another planar schematic of a single drainage structure 20 in a display module provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. In an optional embodiment of this disclosure, the width of the first type of groove 21 decreases along the direction from the second region A2 to the first region A1.

[0091] According to capillary action, the smaller the groove width, the greater the inward capillary suction force. As the width of the first type of groove 21 continuously decreases, the fluid experiences a continuously increasing inward pull throughout its flow from the second region A2 to the first region A1. Due to the gradually decreasing cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel, according to the continuity equation, the flow rate of the conductive silver paste spontaneously increases as it penetrates inward (first region A1). The gradually changing width design of the first type of groove 21 ensures that the silver paste can be smoothly and continuously filled, greatly reducing contact resistance fluctuations after conduction. The first type of groove 21 becomes narrowest near the first region A1 (overlapping conduction area). This structure allows for the large-scale intake and output of silver paste at the entrance (wider area) of the first type of groove 21, while providing precise convergence at the exit (narrowest area). This ensures that the silver paste is forcibly confined to the core area of ​​the pad, effectively preventing the possibility of diffusion to adjacent electrodes.

[0092] In this embodiment, the first type of groove 21 generates extremely strong capillary force at the narrow end of the first region A1. This forcefully draws the silver paste into a deeper and narrower gap between the two substrate layers. This increases the length and stability of the effective conductive path, ensuring that the electrical connection does not detach or fail even under harsh reliability tests (such as high temperature and high humidity). Moreover, the gradually narrowing flow channel formed by the first type of groove 21 naturally has self-guiding properties. If the dispensing droplet deviates from the central axis, the gradually narrowing sidewalls will use surface tension to gradually guide the droplet to the predetermined position in the first region A1, which helps to improve the yield during mass production.

[0093] Figure 25 As shown Figure 7 Please refer to a CC-direction cross-sectional view of the central drainage structure 20. Figure 7 and Figure 25 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the first cross section of the second type of groove 22 is an inverted trapezoidal structure, the first cross section is perpendicular to the second substrate 02 and perpendicular to the extension direction of the second type of groove 22.

[0094] The inverted trapezoidal cross-section acts like a funnel on a macroscopic scale. As the conductive silver paste drips, the sloping sidewalls buffer and guide the droplet smoothly to the bottom of the groove. Compared to vertical sidewalls, this structure reduces the probability of splashing or trapping air bubbles when the droplet impacts the bottom, ensuring the compact filling of the conductor within the groove and thus guaranteeing impedance consistency. Moreover, in the manufacturing process, the inverted trapezoidal shape (with sloping sidewalls) is easier to achieve than completely vertical sidewalls.

[0095] When the first cross-section of the second type of groove 22 has an inverted trapezoidal structure, the silver paste is forcibly constricted after entering the groove due to its large opening and narrow bottom. This allows the silver paste to occupy a large collection area on the substrate surface while maintaining an extremely narrow shape deep within the substrate, further compressing the lateral space occupied by the stepped area and supporting an ultra-narrow bezel design. The beveled surface increases the surface area of ​​the groove, thereby increasing the contact interface between the silver paste and the substrate, enhancing the adhesion of the conductor within the micron-level groove, preventing conductor peeling when the module is heated or stressed, and improving product reliability.

[0096] It should be noted that in some other embodiments of this disclosure, for example, please refer to... Figure 26 The second cross-section of the first type of groove 21 can also be an inverted trapezoidal structure, with the second cross-section perpendicular to the second substrate 02 and perpendicular to the extending direction of the first type of groove 21. Figure 26 As shown Figure 7 Another BB-direction cross-sectional view of the drainage structure 20. When the cross-section of the first type of groove 21 is set as an inverted trapezoidal structure, it has the same technical effect as setting the cross-section of the second type of groove 22 as an inverted trapezoidal structure, which will not be described in detail here.

[0097] Figure 27 The diagram shown is a planar schematic of the second substrate 02 in an embodiment of this disclosure. Please refer to it. Figure 27 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, a bonding pad group PZ is further provided on the side of the second substrate 02 facing the first substrate 01. The bonding pad group PZ includes a plurality of bonding pads P1 and is used to bond with the first functional module 90. The distance D0 between the conductor 10 and the bonding pad group PZ is greater than or equal to 100 μm. The first functional module 90 is, for example, a driver chip or a flexible circuit board. The distance between the conductor 10 and the bonding pad group PZ refers to the minimum physical distance between the edge of the silver paste after diffusion and the edge of the nearest bonding pad P1.

[0098] Conductive silver paste typically contains solvents and releases trace amounts of gas during curing; while bonding pads (PZs) generate extremely high pressure and heat during thermo-pressing. The 100μm span forms an effective heat-affected zone buffer and stress isolation band, preventing solvent overflow from the silver paste from contaminating the pads and causing poor bonding, and also preventing the pressure during thermo-pressing from squeezing incompletely cured silver paste and causing silver paste displacement.

[0099] As a bulk fluid, silver paste exhibits a degree of randomness in its diffusion. 100μm is a validated safety threshold. Even with slight over-dispensing or extreme overflow of the drainage structure 20, this 100μm distance ensures that the conductive silver paste will not touch the bonding pad P1, thus preventing short circuits between the conductor 10 and the bonding pad P1. Optionally, 100μm ≤ D0 ≤ 200μm.

[0100] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 27 and refer to Figure 28 and Figure 29 , Figure 28 As shown Figure 7 Another BB-direction cross-sectional view of the central drainage structure 20. Figure 29 The diagram shown illustrates the relative positional relationship between the conductor 10 and the current-draining structure 20. Please refer to it. Figure 15 , Figures 27 to 29 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, a connection pad P0 is provided on the second substrate 02 facing the first substrate 01. The connection pad P0 is located at least in the first region A1. The connection pad P0 is electrically connected to the bonding pad P1. For example, the connection pad P0 and the bonding pad P1 can be electrically connected via a connection line on the second substrate 02. The conductor 10 is electrically connected to the connection pad P0, and then to the bonding pad P1. The display module also includes a conductive layer 40, which is located on the side of the first type of groove 21 and the second type of groove 22 facing the first substrate 01. The conductive layer 40 includes a plurality of conductive portions 41, which are electrically connected to the connection pad P0 and the conductor 10, respectively. The conductive layer 40 is a metal layer or a transparent conductive layer 40, such as ITO, covering the side of the first type of groove 21 and the second type of groove 22 away from the second substrate 02. Optionally, the conductive layer 40 is connected to the first electrode 021 on the second substrate 02 (e.g., Figure 2 As shown, the conductive film layers on the second substrate 02 are arranged in the same layer, which reduces the number of conductive film layers on the second substrate 02 and simplifies the film layer structure of the display module.

[0101] By pre-setting a conductive layer 40 above the groove, the conductor 10 (silver paste) no longer relies solely on its own volume for conduction, but forms a large-area parallel contact with the conductive layer 40 on the surface of the groove. This is equivalent to increasing the cross-sectional area for current flow, significantly reducing the total impedance from the bonding pad P1 to the connecting pad P0, which helps to reduce signal voltage drop.

[0102] The conductive layer 40 (such as metal) typically has better hydrophilicity or wettability for silver paste than the bare substrate (such as glass or polyimide). When the conductive layer 40 is placed in the groove, it can induce the silver paste to spread more evenly on the bottom and sidewalls (inverted trapezoidal sidewalls) of the groove, forming an extremely stable electrical contact and avoiding the risk of open circuit due to filling voids.

[0103] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 28 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the drainage structure 20 includes a first surface M1 facing the first substrate 01, specifically the surface of the insulating film layer 71 on the second substrate 02 facing the first substrate 01. The first type of groove 21 and the second type of groove 22 are formed by recessing from the first surface M1 in a direction away from the first substrate 01, for example, by removing a portion of the insulating film layer 71. Please refer to... Figure 28 and Figure 29 Along a direction perpendicular to the second substrate 02, the conductive portion 41 overlaps with the first surface M1, the first type of groove 21, and the second type of groove 22. Alternatively, please refer to... Figure 30 The conductive part 41 overlaps with the first surface M1, but does not overlap with the first type of groove 21 and the second type of groove 22. Figure 30 The diagram shows another relative positional relationship between the conductor 10 and the drainage structure 20.

[0104] Please refer to Figure 30 When the conductive portion 41 overlaps with the first surface M1 but not with the first type of groove 21 or the second type of groove 22, the conductive layer 40 (such as a metal trace) is only laid on the flat surface that has not been excavated. When it encounters the first type of groove 21 or the second type of groove 22, the conductive layer 40 is broken or bypassed, exposing the original substrate material inside the groove. Since there is no conductive layer 40 inside the groove, after the silver paste enters the groove, the current is mainly transmitted through the conductive portion 41 on the first surface M1. This can force the current to flow to specific contact points, achieving more precise resistance control. It is suitable for areas that are extremely sensitive to electromagnetic interference, or for scenarios where grooves need to be used as insulating boundaries to prevent short circuits in a specific direction.

[0105] Please refer to Figure 29When the conductive portion 41 overlaps with the first surface M1, the first type of groove 21, and the second type of groove 22, the conductive layer 40 continuously covers the first surface M1, the sidewalls of the grooves, and the bottom of the grooves. This is a three-dimensional continuous conductive network. This ensures that the conductor 10 (silver paste) maintains an electrical connection with the circuit on the substrate, whether it is inside or outside the groove. Since the conductive layer 40 enters the groove, it greatly increases the contact area between the conductive portion 41 and the silver paste, significantly reducing the overall contact resistance. The conductive layer 40 engages with the undulating substrate morphology, enhancing the bonding force between the conductive layer 40 and the substrate and preventing peeling under bonding pressure. When the conductive portion 41 overlaps with the first surface M1, the first type of groove 21, and the second type of groove 22, the conductive portion 41 extends in accordance with the morphology of the first type of groove 21 and the second type of groove 22, thereby forming a continuous conductive path with height differences in the direction perpendicular to the second substrate 02.

[0106] Figure 31 The image shown is a planar schematic diagram of a first substrate 01 with a third type of groove 23. Figure 32 The diagram shown is another planar schematic of the display module 100 provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 33 As shown Figure 32 A DD-direction cross-sectional view of the display module is shown in the image. Figure 34 The diagram shows a relative positional relationship between the conductor 10, the first substrate 01, and the second substrate 02. Please refer to it. Figures 31 to 34 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the drainage structure 20 includes a plurality of third-type grooves 23 disposed on the side of the first substrate 01 facing the second substrate 02. The third-type grooves 23 extend along the direction from the second region A2 to the first region A1. Along the direction perpendicular to the second substrate 02, the third-type grooves 23 overlap with the first-type grooves 21.

[0107] When the upper and lower substrates are pressed together, the overlapping first-type groove 21 and third-type groove 23 spatially form a tubular closed or semi-closed channel. Compared to single-sided grooves, this double-sided structure exhibits a geometrically increasing binding force on the conductive silver paste, greatly enhancing the directionality of flow. According to microfluidic principles, the conductive silver paste is simultaneously subjected to capillary attraction from the grooves on both the upper and lower substrates. This symmetrical surface tension ensures that the silver paste remains centered in the channel during flow, preventing displacement caused by differences in wettability on one side. The silver paste fills not only the lower groove but also the upper groove, increasing the volume and contact area of ​​the conductor 10 in the vertical direction (Z-axis). In single-sided grooves, insufficient dispensing or the presence of air bubbles can easily lead to open circuits. The double-sided groove design provides multi-path venting channels; even if tiny air bubbles appear on one side, the symmetrical grooves on the other side ensure continuous flow of the silver paste. Through the double-sided groove design, the conductive silver paste is firmly locked within the overlapping area. With a minimal gap between the first substrate 01 and the second substrate 02, the double-sided groove increases the overall volume of conductive silver paste. This means that more silver paste can be accommodated without increasing the width of the lateral border (step width), meeting the requirements of high-current drive.

[0108] Please refer to Figure 33 and Figure 34 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, a third type of groove 23 is correspondingly disposed to a first type of groove 21, and the extending direction of the third type of groove 23 is the same as the extending direction of its corresponding first type of groove 21. Above each first type of groove 21 on the second substrate 02, there is a corresponding third type of groove 23. The two are highly coincident on the vertical projection plane. The central axes of the upper and lower grooves are completely parallel and extend in the same direction (both from the exposed second region A2 to the internal first region A1). When conductive silver paste is drawn into the channel composed of the two corresponding grooves, the fluid is subjected to symmetrical shear forces from the upper and lower walls. Because the paths are completely consistent, the fluid will not be split or twisted in the vertical direction, thereby minimizing fluid resistance. This ensures that the conductive silver paste can penetrate into the target conductive area at the fastest speed. When the target silver paste enters the symmetrical double-sided groove, air is symmetrically squeezed to the sides or front of the channel. Compared to an asymmetrical structure, a symmetrical channel is less prone to generating rotating eddies, thus significantly reducing the probability of encapsulating air bubbles. The fewer air bubbles, the larger the effective conductive cross-sectional area, and the purer the signal transmission.

[0109] Figure 35 and Figure 36 The following are shown respectively. Figure 32 Another DD-direction cross-sectional view of the display module is shown in the image. Figure 37 The diagram shown illustrates another relative positional relationship between the conductor 10, the first substrate 01, and the second substrate 02. Please refer to the diagram. Figures 35 to 37The first substrate 01 includes an insulating layer 72 on the side facing the second substrate 02. The insulating layer 72 includes a second surface M2, and a third type of groove 23 is formed by recessing from the second surface M2 in a direction away from the second substrate 02. A conductive layer 40 is also provided on the side of the third type of groove 23 facing the second substrate 02. The conductive layer 40 may only cover the second surface M2, or it may cover both the second surface M2 and the third type of groove 23. In this case, the conductive layer 40 may also be provided on the side of the first type of groove 21 and the second type of groove 22 facing the first substrate 01.

[0110] Because both the upper and lower substrates have conductive layers 40 within their grooves, the conductive silver paste forms symmetrical conductive paths between the grooves. This electrical contact mode minimizes the overall on-resistance, effectively solving the voltage drop problem during signal transmission.

[0111] When the silver paste cures within the two grooves with conductive layers 40, it forms a microscopic locking structure, which greatly improves the performance of the display module in reliability tests such as vibration and thermal shock. Even if micron-level deformation occurs between the substrates, the conductive layers 40 on both sides can still tightly wrap the silver paste, ensuring that the electrical signal is not interrupted.

[0112] Figure 38 The diagram shown is another structural schematic of the display module provided in this embodiment. Figure 39 As shown Figure 38 Please refer to the EE-direction cross-sectional view of the display module. Figure 2 , Figure 38 and Figure 39 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the display module further includes a frame adhesive 80 disposed between the first substrate 01 and the second substrate 02, the frame adhesive 80 surrounding the liquid crystal layer 000; on the side where the conductor 10 is located, the frame adhesive 80 includes a main body portion 81 and a plurality of extension portions 82 connected to the main body portion 81, the extension direction of the main body portion 81 is parallel to the arrangement direction of the conductor 10, the extension direction of the extension portions 82 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the main body portion 81, the conductor 10 is located between adjacent extension portions 82, and adjacent conductors 10 are isolated by the extension portions 82.

[0113] The main body 81 in the frame adhesive 80 serves as the core barrier for sealing the liquid crystal layer 000 and extends along the frame direction. The extension 82 extends vertically outward from the main body 81, forming a series of parallel partitions. The extension 82, the main body 81, and the substrate together form a plurality of side-opening grooves, and the conductor 10 (silver paste) is precisely placed between two extensions 82.

[0114] Traditional frame adhesive 80 has straight edges, making it easy for silver paste to come into contact with each other if it spreads laterally during lamination. This solution utilizes the extension 82 as a physical barrier, forcibly altering the diffusion path of the silver paste, ensuring it flows only along the direction of the extension 82 and cannot cross it to contact adjacent conductors 10. The extension 82, together with the first type of groove 21 and the second type of groove 22 on the substrate, forms a collector, providing a clear physical target area for the automated dispensing equipment. Even with slight displacement of the dispensing position, the oblique guiding effect of the extension 82 can confine the droplets within a predetermined area. When the upper and lower substrates are laminated, the pressure exerted on the silver paste diffuses outwards. The extension 82 provides a restricted expansion space, making the morphology of the silver paste more predictable and avoiding deformation of the adhesive material due to uneven pressure. Even if the spacing between the conductors 10 is reduced to the micrometer level, the risk of short circuits is locked within the physical structure as long as the extension 82 exists. Furthermore, the extension 82 increases the total contact area between the frame adhesive 80 and the substrate. This not only provides electrical isolation but also enhances the bonding strength of the bezel area, preventing moisture from seeping into the LCD cell from gaps in the electrical connections and improving overall reliability.

[0115] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 39 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the drainage structure 20 includes a first surface M1 facing the first substrate 01, a first type of groove 21 and a second type of groove 22 formed by recessing from the first surface M1 in a direction away from the first substrate 01; along a direction perpendicular to the second substrate 02, the extension 82 and the first surface M1 between the drainage structure 20 corresponding to the adjacent conductor 10 overlap.

[0116] Because the extension 82 presses against the flat first surface M1, the sealant 80 forms the largest possible tight contact with the substrate. Compared to pressing against the edge of the groove, this surface-to-surface contact produces better sealing force. When the upper and lower substrates are pressed together, the extension 82 applies pressure to the first surface M1. Even if the silver paste tries to overflow laterally under pressure, it will hit the solid physical boundary formed by the extension 82 and the first surface M1 and be forced to remain within the linear flow channel. The first surface M1 itself is an insulating substrate, and pressing another layer of insulating sealant 80 onto the first surface M1 is equivalent to adding a double insulating moat between the two conductive units, greatly improving the withstand voltage.

[0117] The extension 82 transforms each flow-guiding unit 201 into a sealed structure. This design ensures that silver paste cannot migrate across units under high and low temperature cycling or mechanical extrusion, guaranteeing electrical safety during long-term operation. Furthermore, by utilizing the space occupied by the extension 82 on the first surface M1, the physical spacing between adjacent recesses can be maximized. This allows the display module to have a higher density of electrical connection points while maintaining a constant bezel width.

[0118] Please refer to Figure 5 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the display module further includes a display panel 09, with a liquid crystal panel 00 located on the light-emitting side of the display panel 09. The display panel 09 serves as the basic image source, responsible for displaying the original color image information. It can be a self-emissive organic electroluminescent display panel 09 or a backlit liquid crystal display panel 09. The liquid crystal panel 00, located on the light-emitting side of the display panel 09, does not display color images but acts as an active optical element (such as a liquid crystal grating or a 3D prism layer) to perform secondary modulation of the light emitted from the underlying panel.

[0119] The lower display panel 09 displays alternating left and right eye images, while the upper liquid crystal panel 00 forms a dynamic grating or switchable prism through the deflection of liquid crystal molecules. By controlling the electric field of the upper liquid crystal panel 00, free switching between 2D and 3D displays can be achieved. When no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal panel 00, light passes directly; when voltage is applied to form a grating, light is diverted to both eyes.

[0120] Through the current-guiding structure 20 and conductor 10 mentioned in this disclosure, an electrical path can be established from the first substrate 01 of the liquid crystal panel 00 across space and precisely connected to the second substrate 02, solving the problems of limited electrical connection space in the frame area and easy short circuit of conductor 10 after the two substrates are stacked.

[0121] Figure 40 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of a touch electrode layer provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Please refer to it. Figure 2 and Figure 40 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the conductive structure 03 on the first substrate 01 includes a touch electrode layer 60. In this case, the transmission path of the electrical signal can be, for example, that the touch signal passes through the first substrate 01 (or inside the first substrate 01), through the conductor 10 (such as silver paste dots) whose shape is strictly constrained by the current-guiding structure 20, and reaches the second substrate 02, and then is electrically connected to the driver chip or flexible circuit board.

[0122] Touch signals are extremely weak and highly sensitive to fluctuations in the resistance and capacitance of the transmission link. If the conductor 10 (silver paste) has an inconsistent shape or uncontrolled diffusion, it can lead to uneven impedance across touch channels, resulting in touch dead zones or false touches. The current-guiding structure 20 ensures that the cross-sectional area and contact area of ​​the conductor 10 at each touch signal transfer point are highly consistent through physical limiting and capillary pumping. This significantly improves the uniformity of touch sensitivity, resulting in better touch linearity for large-size or narrow-bezel displays. To electrically connect the touch electrode layer to the underlying substrate, a large number of silver paste dots typically need to be reserved in the bezel area. Due to the strong constraint of the conductor 10 by the current-guiding structure 20 (including the first type of groove 21 and the second type of groove 22), the safe distance between conductors 10 can be greatly reduced. This allows for the arrangement of more touch pins within an extremely narrow bezel, supporting touchscreens with a higher channel count, thereby achieving more precise multi-touch.

[0123] It should be noted that, Figure 40 This explanation uses only the touch electrode layer, including the mutual capacitance touch electrode, as an example. Alternatively, please refer to [the relevant documentation / reference]. Figure 40 The touch electrode layer 60 includes a sensing electrode 61 and a driving electrode 62, which are insulated from each other. Optionally, the sensing electrode 61 is arranged along a second direction D2, and the driving electrode 62 is arranged along a first direction D1. During the touch detection phase, a driving signal is applied to the driving electrode 62. When a pointing object (generally a finger) touches the surface of the display module, a portion of the current flows into the finger, reducing the capacitance value of the mutual capacitance between the sensing electrode 61 and the driving electrode 62. The sensing electrode 61 then detects the slight change in current caused by the change in mutual capacitance, thereby determining the location of the touch operation. In some other embodiments of this disclosure, the touch electrodes included in the touch electrode layer may also be self-capacitive touch electrodes.

[0124] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 40 In one optional embodiment of this disclosure, the liquid crystal panel 00 includes a first electrode 021 and a common electrode 022 disposed opposite to each other. The common electrode 022 is located on the side of the first substrate 01 facing the liquid crystal layer 000, and the first electrode 021 is located on the side of the second substrate 02 facing the liquid crystal layer 000. The touch electrode layer 60 reuses the common electrode 022.

[0125] For conventional 3D / 2D display products, if an embedded touch structure is set in the display panel 09, the touch function will be shielded by the liquid crystal panel 00 because there are a large number of electrodes inside the liquid crystal prism. Therefore, only an external touch panel can be used. External touch panels usually contain additional substrates and adhesive layers, which will significantly increase the total thickness of the display screen.

[0126] This disclosure eliminates the need for a separate external touch substrate by reusing the common electrode 022 as the touch electrode layer 60. The touch function is integrated into the LCD panel 00, eliminating the need for an additional touch panel and effectively reducing the overall thickness of the display module. Although the touch electrode reuses the common electrode 022, its signal still needs to be led out across the substrate. The current-guiding structure 20 directly guides the signal from the multiplexed layer to the second substrate 02 for unified processing, saving the space required for flexible circuit board bonding of an external touch panel. At this point, the current-guiding structure 20 and the conductor 10 play a crucial role. The current-guiding structure 20 ensures stable transmission of high-frequency touch signals in the narrow bezel area, avoiding impedance fluctuations.

[0127] Based on the same inventive concept, this disclosure also provides a display device 200. Figure 41 The diagram shown is a planar structural schematic of a display device 200 provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Please refer to it. Figure 41 The display device 200 includes the display module 100 provided in any of the foregoing embodiments of this disclosure.

[0128] The display device 200 provided in this embodiment can be any electronic device with display function, such as a touch screen, mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, e-reader, or television. It can also be a large-size splicing display device, such as a command center screen. The display device 200 provided in this embodiment has the beneficial effects of the display module 100 provided in this embodiment. For details, please refer to the specific descriptions of the display module in the above embodiments. These descriptions will not be repeated here.

[0129] Understandably, attached Figure 41 The rectangular structure is used as an example to illustrate one shape of the display device 200. In some other embodiments of this disclosure, the display device 200 may also be circular, elliptical, fan-shaped or any other feasible shape, and this disclosure does not specifically limit it.

[0130] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0131] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this disclosure, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement it. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not to be limited to the embodiments described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A display module, characterized in that, Includes a liquid crystal panel, wherein the liquid crystal panel includes: A first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; A conductive structure is located on the side of the liquid crystal layer away from the second substrate; Multiple conductors are located at least between the first substrate and the second substrate for contacting the conductive structure with the second substrate; A current-guiding structure is located between the first substrate and the second substrate. The current-guiding structure is disposed corresponding to the conductor and overlaps with the conductor along the thickness direction of the display module.

2. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second substrate includes a first region and a second region. Along the thickness direction of the display module, the first region overlaps with the first substrate, and the second region does not overlap with the first substrate. The conductor is located at least in the second region, and the current-draining structure is located at least in the second region.

3. The display module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drainage structure includes at least two first-type grooves and at least one second-type groove disposed on the second substrate. The first-type grooves extend along the direction from the second region to the first region and extend from the second region to the first region. The second-type grooves are located on the side of the first-type grooves away from the first region and connect at least two of the first-type grooves.

4. The display module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The extension direction of the second type of groove is different from that of the first type of groove.

5. The display module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The orthographic projection of the second type of groove on the second substrate is a straight line segment, and the extension direction of the straight line segment is a first direction, which is parallel to the arrangement direction of the conductor.

6. The display module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The orthographic projection of the second type of groove on the second substrate is an arc segment, wherein the center of the arc segment is located on the side of the arc segment facing the first region.

7. The display module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The orthographic projection of the second type of groove on the second substrate is a broken line segment, and the opening of the broken line segment faces the first region.

8. The display module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second type of groove includes a first end and a second end disposed at both ends along its extension direction, the first end communicating with at least one first type of groove, and the second end communicating with at least one other first type of groove.

9. The display module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first type of groove connected to the first end and the first type of groove connected to the second end are parallel, and the extension direction of the first type of groove is the second direction, which is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the conductor.

10. The display module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first type of groove connected to the first end and the first type of groove connected to the second end intersect in their extending directions. The second type of groove has a center line extending along a second direction. Along the direction of the second type of groove pointing towards the first area, the distance between the first type of groove and the center line gradually increases. The second direction is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the conductor.

11. The display module according to claim 10, characterized in that, A connection pad is provided on the second substrate facing the first substrate on the first side. The connection pad is located at least in the first region. The conductor is electrically connected to the connection pad. In the first region, the distance between the first type of groove connected to the first end and the first type of groove connected to the second end is a first distance. The width of a single connection pad is greater than or equal to the first distance.

12. The display module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drainage structure includes multiple drainage units, the drainage units are arranged in the same direction as the conductors, and the drainage units are arranged correspondingly to the conductors.

13. The display module according to claim 12, characterized in that, The drainage unit includes at least two nested drainage units, and each drainage unit includes a second type of groove and at least two first type of grooves communicating with the second type of groove.

14. The display module according to claim 13, characterized in that, In one of the drainage units, at least two of the drainage units have the same shape.

15. The display module according to claim 12, characterized in that, Along the arrangement direction of the conductors, the maximum width of one of the current-draining units is greater than or equal to the width of a single conductor.

16. The display module according to claim 13, characterized in that, In the same drainage unit, the first type of groove and the second type of groove have the same width.

17. The display module according to claim 13, characterized in that, In the same drainage unit, the width of the second type of groove is greater than the width of the first type of groove.

18. The display module according to claim 12, characterized in that, Along the direction from the second region to the first region, the width of the first type of groove tends to decrease.

19. The display module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first cross-section of the second type of groove has an inverted trapezoidal structure, and the first cross-section is perpendicular to the second substrate and perpendicular to the extension direction of the second type of groove.

20. The display module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second substrate is further provided with a bonding pad group on the side facing the first substrate. The bonding pad group includes multiple bonding pads and is used to bond with the first functional module. The distance between the conductor and the bonding pad group is greater than or equal to 100 μm.

21. The display module according to claim 20, characterized in that, A connection pad is provided on the second substrate facing the first substrate on the first side, the connection pad is located at least in the first area, and the connection pad is electrically connected to the bonding pad; the conductor is electrically connected to the connection pad. The display module further includes a conductive layer located on the side of the first type of groove and the second type of groove facing the first substrate; the conductive layer includes a plurality of conductive portions, which are electrically connected to the connecting pads and the conductors, respectively.

22. The display module according to claim 21, characterized in that, The drainage structure includes a first surface facing the first substrate, and the first type of groove and the second type of groove are formed by recessing from the first surface in a direction away from the first substrate; along a direction perpendicular to the second substrate, the conductive portion overlaps with the first surface and does not overlap with the first type of groove and the second type of groove; or, the conductive portion overlaps with the first surface, the first type of groove and the second type of groove.

23. The display module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drainage structure includes a plurality of third-type grooves disposed on the side of the first substrate facing the second substrate, the third-type grooves extending along the direction from the second region to the first region; and the third-type grooves overlapping the first-type grooves along the direction perpendicular to the second substrate.

24. The display module according to claim 23, characterized in that, The third type of groove is provided corresponding to the first type of groove, and the extension direction of the third type of groove is the same as the extension direction of the corresponding first type of groove.

25. The display module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The display module further includes a frame adhesive disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, the frame adhesive surrounding the liquid crystal layer; on the side where the conductor is located, the frame adhesive includes a main body and a plurality of extensions connected to the main body, the extension direction of the main body is parallel to the arrangement direction of the conductor, the extension direction of the extensions is perpendicular to the extension direction of the main body, the conductor is located between adjacent extensions, and adjacent conductors are isolated by the extensions.

26. The display module according to claim 25, characterized in that, The drainage structure includes a first surface facing the first substrate, and a first type of groove and a second type of groove are formed by recessing the first surface away from the first substrate; along a direction perpendicular to the second substrate, the first surface between the extension and the drainage structure corresponding to the adjacent conductor overlaps.

27. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive structure includes a touch electrode layer.

28. The display module according to claim 27, characterized in that, The liquid crystal panel includes a first electrode and a common electrode disposed opposite to each other. The common electrode is located on the side of the first substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, and the first electrode is located on the side of the second substrate facing the liquid crystal layer. The touch electrode layer reuses the common electrode.

29. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display module also includes a display panel, and the liquid crystal panel is located on the light-emitting side of the display panel.

30. A display device, characterized in that, Includes the display module described in any one of claims 1 to 29.

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