Off-grid photovoltaic intelligent integrated irrigation pump station system and control method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of water conservancy irrigation and renewable energy application technology, specifically to an off-grid photovoltaic intelligent integrated irrigation pumping station system and control method. It includes an integrated platform, an energy supply unit, an intelligent control unit, an execution unit, and a remote operation and maintenance platform. This application can predict sunlight and water demand in advance, optimize pump start-up and shutdown combinations, significantly reduce grid power purchase costs, and maximize the local consumption of photovoltaic power through coordinated scheduling of photovoltaics, energy storage batteries, and pumping units, thereby improving the utilization rate of renewable energy. The closed-loop control system continuously optimizes model parameters and control strategies based on actual operating data, enabling the system to have self-learning and adaptive capabilities to cope with complex and changing actual operating conditions, improving the robustness and reliability of the entire system. Finally, it smooths the power extraction curve of the pumping station from the grid, avoiding the impact on the grid caused by photovoltaic fluctuations and high-power pumping unit startup.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy irrigation and renewable energy application technology, and in particular to an off-grid photovoltaic intelligent integrated irrigation pumping station system and control method. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of modern agriculture, the demand for farmland irrigation is increasing, leading to higher requirements for the reliability and economy of pumping stations. Traditional farmland irrigation pumping stations mainly rely on mains electricity or diesel generators, which presents the following significant problems: 1. High energy dependence and cost: Pumping stations relying on mains electricity are difficult to construct in remote areas where the power grid is not covered or the power supply is unstable; relying on diesel generators results in high operating costs and noise and pollution problems. 2. Single function and low efficiency: Traditional pumping stations are designed for a single irrigation function, resulting in low energy utilization. The system is idle during the non-irrigation period, leading to wasted investment. Irrigation methods are extensive, relying heavily on manual experience, making it difficult to achieve precise irrigation on demand, resulting in serious waste of water resources and electricity. 3. Insufficient intelligence and difficult operation and maintenance: Existing pumping stations have a low level of automation, lacking comprehensive perception and intelligent decision-making capabilities for pump status, water source, weather, and crop water requirements. Fault warning and remote management functions are weak, and maintenance costs are high. 4. Inconvenient deployment: Traditional pumping stations involve large amounts of civil engineering, have long construction periods, and require specific site conditions, making them difficult to deploy and move quickly.

[0003] In recent years, although there have been attempts to apply photovoltaic power generation to pumping stations, most of them adopt a simple grid-connected or direct-drive mode of "photovoltaic panels + inverters + traditional pumping stations". They lack in-depth integration and collaborative optimization design for complex off-grid conditions, resulting in poor system stability, low energy utilization, and failure to deeply integrate with intelligent irrigation control, thus failing to fundamentally solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an off-grid photovoltaic intelligent integrated irrigation pumping station system to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an off-grid photovoltaic intelligent integrated irrigation pumping station system, including an integrated platform, an energy supply unit, an intelligent control unit, an execution unit, and a remote operation and maintenance platform; The integrated platform is a standardized box or small station with a protection level, which is pre-installed with equipment mounting racks, cable management system, heat dissipation and ventilation device and safety facilities. The energy supply unit is integrated within or adjacent to the integrated platform and consists of a photovoltaic power generation module, an energy storage module, and an energy conversion and management module. The photovoltaic power generation module converts solar energy into direct current, the energy storage module stores surplus electrical energy and supplies power to the system when sunlight is insufficient, and the energy conversion and management module is the hub for energy exchange within the system. The intelligent control unit is integrated within the integrated platform and consists of a main controller, a data acquisition module, a communication module, and a core algorithm module. The main controller is used for data processing and computation. The data acquisition module is electrically connected to the main controller and external sensors respectively. The communication module supports 4G / 5G, LoRa, or Ethernet communication and is used for data uploading and remote command reception. The core algorithm module stores and runs irrigation intelligent decision-making algorithms and energy management algorithms.

[0006] The execution unit is a high-efficiency and energy-saving water pump unit, whose AC motor is connected to the system AC bus through a dedicated water pump frequency converter to achieve soft start and wide-range stepless speed regulation.

[0007] The remote operation and maintenance platform is deployed in the cloud or monitoring center, receives data from the intelligent control unit, and provides a visual human-machine interface for system status monitoring, historical data analysis, remote configuration of irrigation strategies, fault alarms and diagnosis.

[0008] The energy conversion and management module consists of a photovoltaic inverter, an energy storage bidirectional converter, and a dedicated frequency converter for the water pump. The photovoltaic inverter converts the DC power output from the photovoltaic power generation module into AC power that matches the AC bus voltage and frequency. The energy storage bidirectional converter enables bidirectional energy management of the energy storage module. The dedicated frequency converter for the water pump is connected to the AC bus and provides the execution unit with adjustable frequency and voltage AC power.

[0009] One method for controlling an off-grid photovoltaic intelligent integrated irrigation pumping station, applicable to the off-grid photovoltaic intelligent integrated irrigation pumping station system, includes the following steps: System initialization, loading irrigation plan, crop parameters and safe operating thresholds; Real-time data acquisition and forecasting: Collects meteorological, soil, water level, photovoltaic DC / AC power, and battery SOC data; calls meteorological forecast data to predict short-term photovoltaic output. Irrigation decision: Based on real-time soil moisture, crop water requirement model and weather forecast, determine whether irrigation needs to be started. If so, calculate the total water requirement and the optimal irrigation period for this irrigation. Energy Management and Coordinated Control: During irrigation periods, an optimization algorithm is used to dynamically determine the energy allocation strategy based on real-time photovoltaic AC side output power, AC bus voltage frequency, and battery SOC. The core of the strategy is to prioritize the use of photovoltaic power to directly drive the water pump. When photovoltaic power is insufficient, the energy storage bidirectional converter is switched to inverter mode to share power with the photovoltaic system. When photovoltaic power is excessive, some surplus power is controlled to charge the battery through the energy storage bidirectional converter. At the same time, the pump speed is adjusted through the frequency converter driver to dynamically match its power with available energy, maintaining AC bus stability and battery operation within a healthy range while meeting irrigation needs. Energy dispatch during non-irrigation periods: When irrigation is not required and there is a surplus of photovoltaic power, control the charging of energy storage; if the energy storage is full, it can supply power to predefined priority external loads through the AC bus. Fault diagnosis and protection: Continuously monitor parameters such as AC bus voltage / frequency, status of each converter, water pump current, and temperature; classify and alarm for abnormalities such as overvoltage, undervoltage, overfrequency, underfrequency, overcurrent, water shortage, and equipment overheating, and execute protective shutdown. Data reporting and remote interaction: The system uploads operational data, status, and alarm information to the remote operation and maintenance platform via the communication module, and can also receive policy updates or manual commands from the platform.

[0010] This invention discloses an off-grid photovoltaic intelligent integrated irrigation pumping station system. Through a prediction module, it can anticipate sunlight and water demand in advance. Combined with an optimization module, it can store energy in advance during periods of low electricity prices or when photovoltaic output is expected to be insufficient, and prioritize the use of green electricity during periods of high electricity prices or when photovoltaic output is sufficient. It also optimizes the pump start-up and shutdown combinations, significantly reducing the cost of purchasing electricity from the grid. Through a scheduling module, it coordinates the scheduling of photovoltaic power, energy storage batteries, and pumps, maximizing the local consumption of photovoltaic power, reducing "curtailment," and improving the utilization rate of renewable energy. An evaluation module forms a closed-loop control system, continuously optimizing model parameters and control strategies based on actual operating data, enabling the system to have self-learning and adaptive capabilities to cope with complex and changing actual operating conditions, improving the robustness and reliability of the entire system. Finally, it smooths the power extraction curve from the grid by the pumping station, avoiding the impact on the grid caused by photovoltaic fluctuations and high-power pump startup, thus playing a positive role as a "virtual power plant." Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a hardware schematic diagram of the off-grid photovoltaic intelligent integrated irrigation pumping station system of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2This is a hardware schematic diagram of the energy supply unit of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a hardware schematic diagram of the intelligent control unit of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a control method for an off-grid photovoltaic intelligent integrated irrigation pumping station according to the present invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 100-Pumping station system, 101-Integrated platform, 102-Energy supply unit, 103-Intelligent control unit, 104-Execution unit, 105-Remote operation and maintenance platform. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0018] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention provides an off-grid photovoltaic intelligent integrated irrigation pumping station system, including an integrated platform 101, an energy supply unit 102, an intelligent control unit 103, an execution unit 104, and a remote operation and maintenance platform 105.

[0019] In this embodiment, the integrated platform 101 is a standardized enclosure or small station with a protection level, which is pre-installed with equipment mounting racks, cable management system, heat dissipation and ventilation device and safety facilities. It should be noted that the protection level of the integrated platform 101 can be IP54 or IP55. The platform provides physical carrier and environmental protection for all functional units, realizing overall transportation and rapid deployment.

[0020] The energy supply unit 102 is integrated within or adjacent to the integrated platform 101, and consists of a photovoltaic power generation module, an energy storage module, and an energy conversion and management module. The photovoltaic power generation module converts solar energy into direct current, the energy storage module stores surplus electrical energy and supplies power to the system when sunlight is insufficient, and the energy conversion and management module serves as the hub for energy exchange within the system. It should be noted that the photovoltaic power generation module is composed of a high-efficiency photovoltaic module array and is fixed by a bracket, the energy storage module consists of a lithium-ion battery pack or a flow battery pack and its battery management system, and the core of the energy conversion and management module is to construct a stable AC bus, thereby serving as the hub for energy exchange within the system.

[0021] The intelligent control unit 103 is integrated within the integrated platform 101 and consists of a main controller, a data acquisition module, a communication module, and a core algorithm module. The main controller is used for data processing and computation. The data acquisition module is electrically connected to the main controller and external sensors. The communication module supports 4G / 5G, LoRa, or Ethernet communication for data uploading and remote command reception. The core algorithm module stores and runs irrigation intelligent decision-making algorithms and energy management algorithms. The intelligent control unit 103 is the "brain" of the system. The main controller adopts an industrial-grade embedded system or a programmable logic controller. The data acquisition module connects to and collects real-time data from meteorological sensors (sunlight, temperature, humidity, rainfall), soil moisture sensors, water level sensors, photovoltaic array output monitoring points, energy storage module status points, and water pump operating parameters.

[0022] Preferably, the execution unit 104 is a high-efficiency energy-saving water pump unit, whose AC motor is connected to the system AC bus via a dedicated water pump frequency converter to achieve soft start and wide-range stepless speed regulation. It should be noted that the water pump unit can be a submersible pump or a centrifugal pump.

[0023] Preferably, the remote operation and maintenance platform 105 is deployed in the cloud or a monitoring center, receives data from the intelligent control unit 103, and provides a visual human-machine interface for system status monitoring, historical data analysis, remote configuration of irrigation strategies, fault alarms and diagnosis.

[0024] Preferably, the photovoltaic inverter converts the DC power output from the photovoltaic power generation module into AC power that matches the AC bus voltage and frequency; the energy storage bidirectional converter enables bidirectional energy management of the energy storage module; the dedicated frequency converter for the water pump is connected to the AC bus to provide the execution unit 104 with adjustable frequency and voltage AC power. The energy storage bidirectional converter is a device that integrates rectification and inversion functions, enabling bidirectional energy management of the energy storage module. When there is surplus power on the AC bus, it acts as a rectifier to charge the energy storage module (AC→DC); when energy storage and discharge are required, it acts as an inverter to convert DC power into AC power and feed it into the bus (DC→AC).

[0025] When using the off-grid photovoltaic intelligent integrated irrigation pumping station system of the present invention, the working principle of the system is as follows: the DC power output by the photovoltaic power generation module is converted into AC power by the photovoltaic inverter and then fed into the AC bus. The energy storage module is connected to the AC bus through the energy storage bidirectional converter to realize charging and discharging. The execution unit 104 obtains power by connecting to the AC bus through the water pump dedicated frequency converter. The intelligent control unit 103 obtains all status information inside and outside the system through the data acquisition module. Its core algorithm module calculates and outputs control commands to the energy conversion and management module in real time based on the preset irrigation logic (combined with meteorological forecasts, soil moisture and crop water requirement models) and real-time energy status (photovoltaic output, energy storage state of charge). Specifically, by dynamically adjusting the output power of the photovoltaic inverter, the charging and discharging power and direction of the energy storage bidirectional converter, and the output frequency of the water pump dedicated frequency converter, the system intelligently coordinates energy supply (photovoltaic, energy storage) and energy demand (water pump, optional external load) to achieve stable, efficient and adaptive operation. During irrigation, energy is prioritized to ensure the operation of the water pumps; surplus electrical energy can be stored in batteries or directly supplied to other AC loads connected to the system via the AC bus.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: Significantly improved economic efficiency: By predicting solar and water demand in advance, energy storage can be carried out in advance during periods of low electricity prices or insufficient photovoltaic output, and green electricity can be used preferentially during periods of high electricity prices or sufficient photovoltaic output. In addition, the start-up and shutdown combination of pump sets can be optimized, significantly reducing the cost of purchasing electricity from the grid.

[0027] High energy efficiency: Photovoltaic power, energy storage batteries and pump sets are coordinated and dispatched to maximize the local consumption of photovoltaic power, reduce the phenomenon of "curtailment" and improve the utilization rate of renewable energy.

[0028] Stable and reliable operation: Closed-loop control is formed based on actual operating data, and the model parameters and control strategies are continuously optimized, enabling the system to have self-learning and self-adaptive capabilities, cope with complex and ever-changing actual working conditions, and improve the stability and reliability of the entire system.

[0029] Grid-friendly: It smooths the power extraction curve from the grid by the pumping station, avoiding grid impacts caused by photovoltaic fluctuations and high-power pump startup, thus leveraging the positive role of a "virtual power plant." For example... Figure 4 As shown, where Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a control method for an off-grid photovoltaic intelligent integrated irrigation pumping station according to the present invention. The control method for the off-grid photovoltaic intelligent integrated irrigation pumping station provided by the present invention is applicable to the off-grid photovoltaic intelligent integrated irrigation pumping station system and includes the following steps: S1: System initialization, loading irrigation plan, crop parameters and safe operation thresholds; S2: Real-time data acquisition and forecasting: Collects meteorological, soil, water level, photovoltaic DC / AC power, and battery SOC data; calls meteorological forecast data to predict short-term photovoltaic output. S3: Irrigation Decision: Based on real-time soil moisture, crop water requirement model and weather forecast, determine whether irrigation needs to be started. If so, calculate the total water requirement and the optimal irrigation period for this irrigation. S4: Energy Management and Coordinated Control: During irrigation periods, an optimization algorithm is used to dynamically determine the energy allocation strategy based on the real-time output power of the photovoltaic AC side, the AC bus voltage frequency, and the battery SOC. The core of the strategy is to prioritize the use of photovoltaic power to directly drive the water pump. When the photovoltaic power is insufficient, the energy storage bidirectional converter is controlled to switch to inverter mode to share power supply with the photovoltaic system. When the photovoltaic power is excessive, some of the surplus power is controlled to charge the battery through the energy storage bidirectional converter. At the same time, the pump speed is adjusted through the frequency converter driver to dynamically match its power with the available energy, thereby maintaining the stability of the AC bus and keeping the battery within its healthy operating range while meeting irrigation needs. S5: Energy dispatch during non-irrigation periods: When irrigation is not required and there is a surplus of photovoltaic power, control the charging of energy storage; if the energy storage is full, it can supply power to predefined priority external loads through the AC bus. S6: Fault Diagnosis and Protection: Continuously monitor parameters such as AC bus voltage / frequency, status of each converter, water pump current, and temperature; classify and alarm for abnormalities such as overvoltage, undervoltage, overfrequency, underfrequency, overcurrent, water shortage, and equipment overheating, and execute protective shutdown. S7: Data reporting and remote interaction: Uploads operational data, status, and alarm information to the remote operation and maintenance platform 105 via the communication module, and can receive policy updates or manual commands from the platform.

[0030] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely one or more preferred embodiments of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. Those skilled in the art can understand that implementing all or part of the above embodiments and making equivalent changes in accordance with the claims of this application still fall within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. An off-grid photovoltaic intelligent integrated irrigation pumping station system, characterized in that, It includes an integrated platform, energy supply unit, intelligent control unit, execution unit, and remote operation and maintenance platform; The integrated platform is a standardized box or small station with a protection level, which is pre-installed with equipment mounting racks, cable management system, heat dissipation and ventilation device and safety facilities. The energy supply unit is integrated within or adjacent to the integrated platform and consists of a photovoltaic power generation module, an energy storage module, and an energy conversion and management module. The photovoltaic power generation module converts solar energy into direct current, the energy storage module stores surplus electrical energy and supplies power to the system when sunlight is insufficient, and the energy conversion and management module is the hub for energy exchange within the system. The intelligent control unit is integrated within the integrated platform and consists of a main controller, a data acquisition module, a communication module, and a core algorithm module. The main controller is used for data processing and computation. The data acquisition module is electrically connected to the main controller and external sensors respectively. The communication module supports 4G / 5G, LoRa, or Ethernet communication and is used for data uploading and remote command reception. The core algorithm module stores and runs irrigation intelligent decision-making algorithms and energy management algorithms.

2. The off-grid photovoltaic intelligent integrated irrigation pumping station system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The execution unit is a high-efficiency and energy-saving water pump unit. Its AC motor is connected to the system AC bus through a water pump-specific frequency converter to achieve soft start and wide-range stepless speed regulation.

3. The off-grid photovoltaic intelligent integrated irrigation pumping station system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The remote operation and maintenance platform is deployed in the cloud or monitoring center, receives data from the intelligent control unit, and provides a visual human-machine interface for system status monitoring, historical data analysis, remote configuration of irrigation strategies, fault alarms, and diagnosis.

4. The off-grid photovoltaic intelligent integrated irrigation pumping station system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The energy conversion and management module consists of a photovoltaic inverter, an energy storage bidirectional converter, and a dedicated frequency converter for the water pump. The photovoltaic inverter converts the DC power output from the photovoltaic power generation module into AC power that matches the AC bus voltage and frequency. The energy storage bidirectional converter enables bidirectional energy management of the energy storage module. The dedicated frequency converter for the water pump is connected to the AC bus and provides the execution unit with adjustable frequency and voltage AC power.

5. A control method for an off-grid photovoltaic intelligent integrated irrigation pumping station, applicable to the off-grid photovoltaic intelligent integrated irrigation pumping station system as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: System initialization, loading irrigation plan, crop parameters and safe operating thresholds; Real-time data acquisition and forecasting: Collects meteorological, soil, water level, photovoltaic DC / AC power, and battery SOC data; calls meteorological forecast data to predict short-term photovoltaic output. Irrigation decision: Based on real-time soil moisture, crop water requirement model and weather forecast, determine whether irrigation needs to be started. If so, calculate the total water requirement and the optimal irrigation period for this irrigation. Energy Management and Coordinated Control: During irrigation periods, an optimization algorithm is used to dynamically determine the energy allocation strategy based on real-time photovoltaic AC side output power, AC bus voltage frequency, and battery SOC. The core of the strategy is to prioritize the use of photovoltaic power to directly drive the water pump. When photovoltaic power is insufficient, the energy storage bidirectional converter is switched to inverter mode to share power with the photovoltaic system. When photovoltaic power is excessive, some surplus power is controlled to charge the battery through the energy storage bidirectional converter. At the same time, the pump speed is adjusted through the frequency converter driver to dynamically match its power with available energy, maintaining AC bus stability and battery operation within a healthy range while meeting irrigation needs. Energy dispatch during non-irrigation periods: When irrigation is not required and there is a surplus of photovoltaic power, control the charging of energy storage; if the energy storage is full, it can supply power to predefined priority external loads through the AC bus. Fault diagnosis and protection: Continuously monitor parameters such as AC bus voltage / frequency, status of each converter, water pump current, and temperature; classify and alarm for abnormalities such as overvoltage, undervoltage, overfrequency, underfrequency, overcurrent, water shortage, and equipment overheating, and execute protective shutdown. Data reporting and remote interaction: The system uploads operational data, status, and alarm information to the remote operation and maintenance platform via the communication module, and can also receive policy updates or manual commands from the platform.

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