A miniature single-node immersion system

Abstract

This invention provides a miniature single-node immersion system, offering a compact and easy-to-operate design applicable to various scenarios such as modular modules and server nodes, exhibiting excellent versatility and reliability. Employing a modular "plug-and-play" design, it supports gradual expansion based on computing power requirements, eliminating the need for pre-planning a complete coolant circulation system like large immersion clusters, significantly reducing initial deployment barriers and overall costs. It enables "independent operation and maintenance of a single node," allowing for direct removal of the faulty node for repair without shutting down the entire cluster or draining the coolant in case of a single node failure, reducing recovery time to less than one hour and significantly improving operational efficiency. The system structure and energy consumption are optimized, simplifying core components, reducing coolant flow resistance, and minimizing circulating pump power consumption; it also solves the leakage problem caused by residual coolant dripping during maintenance, improving the system's overall sealing and maintainability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of immersion liquid cooling technology, and in particular to a miniature single-node immersion system. Background Technology

[0002] In the wave of digitalization, the global data volume is growing exponentially. As the core equipment for data processing and storage, servers are experiencing a continuous increase in operating load, making heat dissipation a more and more severe challenge. Traditional air-cooling methods are inefficient when dealing with high-power-density servers, making it difficult to maintain long-term stable operation and becoming a key bottleneck restricting the development of data centers.

[0003] Immersion liquid cooling technology has emerged to address this need. This technology completely immerses servers in a highly insulating and thermally conductive coolant, allowing heat to be carried away through the circulating flow of the coolant, significantly improving heat dissipation efficiency and effectively overcoming the limitations of traditional air cooling. Simultaneously, with the advancement of global "dual carbon" goals, energy conservation and emission reduction have become core tasks for various industries. my country's "Eastern Data, Western Computing" project explicitly requires that the PUE (Power Usage Effectiveness) of newly built data centers be below 1.25, and some first-tier cities even require that liquid-cooled racks account for more than 50% of newly built intelligent computing centers. Traditional air-cooling systems generally have a PUE higher than 1.5, while immersion liquid cooling technology can reduce the PUE to 1.05-1.10, demonstrating significant energy savings and becoming a core technology direction for high-computing scenarios in data centers. The server tank architecture is the core carrier of immersion liquid cooling technology. Essentially, it is an integrated heat dissipation and equipment support architecture centered on a sealed container (tank), integrating server modules, coolant circulation, heat exchange, and auxiliary management systems. It is currently a key solution for data centers to cope with high-computing scenarios such as AI and big data.

[0004] Current mainstream immersion liquid cooling systems use standardized unit modules as basic units. Each module can independently accommodate 3-4 servers. These modules are spliced ​​together using standardized flange interfaces and sealing strips to construct large-scale cluster tank systems that can accommodate more than 50 servers. This technical solution has the following core defects, which are also the industry pain points that this invention aims to solve:

[0005] 1. High system integration complexity, extremely high deployment threshold and cost: The construction of existing Tank systems requires a large number of specialized equipment such as large Tank containers, high-power circulating pumps, high-efficiency heat exchangers, CDUs (cooling distribution units), cooling towers, and intelligent management and control systems. It requires a professional engineering team for the entire process of design, installation, and commissioning, involving immersion adaptation of multiple servers, complex coolant circulation piping laying, integration of multiple cold source access systems, and collaborative control and commissioning between multiple modules, significantly increasing labor and time costs. Furthermore, cluster deployment requires advance planning of a complete coolant circulation system, making it impossible to gradually expand according to computing power needs. The initial investment and deployment threshold are extremely high, making it difficult to adapt to lightweight scenarios such as edge computing and small to medium-sized computing sites.

[0006] 2. High maintenance difficulty and extremely low fault recovery efficiency: The existing large-scale cluster Tank system has an extremely large full-load weight, with a single unit module exceeding 1.5 tons and a 10-unit cluster exceeding 15 tons. When a single node fails, the coolant in the local area must be drained before maintenance can be carried out, and the entire cluster must be shut down. The maintenance process is extremely complex, the fault recovery cycle is long, and it seriously affects the continuous operation capability of the data center.

[0007] 3. Poor versatility and weak scenario adaptability: Servers in different industries and application scenarios vary significantly in terms of power distribution, internal structure, and computing power requirements. Existing Tank systems require customized coolant flow channels, flow distribution schemes, and heat dissipation strategies for different types of servers, which cannot achieve universal adaptation for multiple scenarios, further increasing application costs.

[0008] 4. Insufficient energy consumption and structural optimization: Existing cluster systems have long coolant circulation channels and high flow resistance, resulting in high power consumption of the circulation pumps. At the same time, space needs to be reserved for the installation of secondary side pipelines and independent coolant distribution components, resulting in bulky equipment, low space utilization, and insufficient structural compactness.

[0009] 5. There is a risk of leakage during operation and maintenance, and the maintainability is insufficient: After the server is hoisted out of the tank, residual coolant will continue to drip during the movement, which poses a safety hazard of polluting the data center environment and causing circuit failure. There is no specific solution in the existing technology, and the operation and maintenance maintainability is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0010] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0011] A miniature single-node immersion system includes a fan, a heat exchanger, a tank housing, and a liquid circuit system. The refrigerant side of the heat exchanger is connected to the tank housing via the liquid circuit system, forming an independent closed-loop coolant circulation loop. The fan is installed in conjunction with the heat exchanger to cool the coolant inside the heat exchanger. The tank housing is a single-server node housing for accommodating a single server node completely immersed in the coolant. The tank housing integrates a coolant distribution assembly, which is an integral structure with the tank housing.

[0012] Preferably, the liquid circuit system includes a fixed-frequency circulating pump, an automatic vent valve, a liquid supply line, and a liquid return line; the fixed-frequency circulating pump is installed in series in the coolant circulation loop, the automatic vent valve is installed at the highest point of the coolant circulation loop, the liquid-side inlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the liquid return port of the Tank housing through the liquid return line, and the liquid-side outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the liquid supply port of the Tank housing through the liquid supply line.

[0013] Preferably, the fixed-frequency circulating pump operates at a fixed speed, and the rated flow rate matches the heat dissipation requirements of a single server node; the fan is a variable-frequency fan, and the operating frequency of the variable-frequency fan is linked to the coolant supply temperature for controlling the coolant supply temperature.

[0014] Preferably, the Tank enclosure is provided with an adapter plate sealing structure, which includes a cabinet, a sealing gasket, an adapter plate, and a fixing frame. The adapter plate passes through the side wall of the cabinet and is used to connect the internal and external circuit boards of the Tank enclosure. The sealing gasket is disposed between the adapter plate and the side wall of the cabinet, and the fixing frame is pressed against the outside of the adapter plate and fixed to the side wall of the cabinet to achieve sealing of the adapter plate's penetration part.

[0015] Preferably, the top cover of the Tank enclosure is provided with a sealing strip to seal the opening and closing parts of the enclosure; all external wiring harnesses of the Tank enclosure are sealed using gland heads.

[0016] Preferably, it also includes a leak collector, which is a movable structure that can be connected to the server node by hooking or magnetic attraction, and is used to collect residual coolant dripping during the process of removing the server node from the Tank enclosure.

[0017] Preferably, the liquid circuit system further includes a leakage detection component, which includes a drip tray and a leakage sensor. The drip tray is located at the bottom of the cabinet, and the leakage sensor is installed inside the drip tray for real-time detection of system leakage.

[0018] Preferably, the tank housing is equipped with a liquid level detection module for real-time monitoring of the coolant level inside the tank housing; the liquid system also includes a drainage system, which is connected to the drain port at the bottom of the tank housing for discharging impurities and waste coolant from the tank housing.

[0019] Preferably, the Tank enclosure has a drawer-type structure with an internal guide rail tray. The server node is fixed on the guide rail tray, and the guide rail tray slides in conjunction with the Tank enclosure. The server node can be inserted into or removed from the Tank enclosure along with the guide rail tray, enabling plug-and-play installation.

[0020] Preferably, the system is an independent closed-loop unit that can be clustered and expanded by assembling multiple units. There is no need for each individual node system to share a coolant circulation pipeline. Each node can be operated and maintained independently, and the entire cluster can be shut down in case of failure.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following:

[0022] 1. Significantly reduce deployment barriers and costs, enabling flexible on-demand scaling.

[0023] Addressing the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as the need for advance planning of large-scale circulating systems, high deployment costs, and inflexible scalability, this invention adopts a single-node modular design, omitting large-scale dedicated equipment such as cooling towers and CDUs from traditional systems. This significantly simplifies the structure, eliminating the need for complex on-site design and installation by a professional engineering team, enabling "plug and play." Simultaneously, it allows for gradual expansion by adding nodes according to computing power requirements, eliminating the need for a one-time investment in a large cluster system. This significantly reduces the initial deployment threshold and labor and time costs, making it suitable for various lightweight scenarios such as edge computing, small and medium-sized intelligent computing sites, and enterprise data centers.

[0024] 2. Enables independent operation and maintenance of a single node, significantly improving fault recovery efficiency.

[0025] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies where single-node failures require cluster shutdown, coolant draining, complex maintenance, and long recovery cycles, this invention provides an independent closed-loop system for each node. When a single node fails, it can be directly removed from the coolant module for repair without shutting down the entire cluster or draining the coolant. This reduces the fault recovery time to less than one hour, completely solving the pain point of high maintenance difficulty in large clusters and ensuring the continuous operation capability of the computing system.

[0026] 3. Enhance general adaptability to cover application needs across multiple scenarios.

[0027] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies that require customized design for different servers and have poor versatility, this invention adopts a compact single-node design that can be directly adapted to various application scenarios such as modular modules and standard server nodes of different specifications. It does not require customized flow channels and heat dissipation strategies, has excellent versatility and reliability, and significantly reduces the application adaptation cost for different scenarios.

[0028] 4. Optimize system energy consumption and improve energy-saving effect.

[0029] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as long circulation channels, high flow resistance, and high pump power consumption, this invention's single-node design significantly shortens the coolant circulation path and reduces flow resistance, thereby reducing the operating power of the circulation pump by 15%-20%. Simultaneously, the precise temperature control scheme employing a fixed-frequency pump and a variable-frequency fan ensures effective heat dissipation while further reducing system energy consumption, maintaining a stable PUE within the range of 1.05-1.10, fully meeting the energy-saving requirements of the "East Data West Computing" project.

[0030] 5. Optimize sealing and leakage protection design to improve system reliability and maintainability.

[0031] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as easy seal failure and coolant dripping during operation and maintenance, this invention achieves reliable sealing of the Tank enclosure in all scenarios through a composite sealing design of adapter plate + sealing gasket + fixing frame, combined with gland head wiring harness sealing and top cover sealing strip, effectively preventing coolant leakage during long-term operation; at the same time, through a movable leak collector, the problem of residual coolant dripping during server node operation and maintenance is completely solved, greatly improving the system's operational reliability and maintainability.

[0032] 6. The highly integrated and compact structure improves space utilization.

[0033] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies that require ample space for piping and distribution components and result in bulky designs, this invention integrates the coolant distribution components with the Tank enclosure, eliminating the need for separate external distribution units, omitting numerous complex piping systems, and achieving a highly compact structure. This significantly improves the utilization rate of data center space and enables higher-density computing power deployment within the same rack space. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a miniature single-node immersion system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a miniature single-node immersion tank provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a Tank sealing design structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a single-node leakage collector provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] In embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily," "for example," etc., are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" in the present invention should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word "exemplary" is intended to present the concept in a concrete manner. Furthermore, in embodiments of the present invention, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or either one.

[0041] In the embodiments of this invention, the terms "image" and "picture" may sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that, without emphasizing the distinction between them, they convey the same meaning. Similarly, the terms "of," "corresponding (relevant)," and "corresponding" may sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that, without emphasizing the distinction between them, they convey the same meaning.

[0042] In this embodiment of the invention, sometimes a subscript such as W1 may be mistakenly written as a non-subscript form such as W1. When the difference is not emphasized, the meaning they express is the same.

[0043] To make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0044] I. System Composition Introduction

[0045] The miniature single-node immersion system of this invention consists of four core components: a fan, a heat exchanger, a tank housing, and a liquid distribution system. The liquid distribution system integrates a constant-frequency circulating pump, an automatic air vent, a leak detection component, supply pipelines, return pipelines, and a drainage system. The tank housing also integrates a liquid level detection module. The system as a whole features a single-node independent closed-loop design, eliminating the need for large components such as cooling towers and CDUs required in traditional immersion systems, resulting in a highly integrated and compact structure.

[0046] System composition such as Figure 1 As shown, its overall structure is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the system mainly consists of a fan, heat exchanger, tank, and liquid system. The liquid system includes a pump, automatic vent valve, leak detection components, supply pipeline, return pipeline, and drainage system. The refrigerant side of the heat exchanger is connected to the supply and return ports of the tank via the supply and return pipelines, forming a complete coolant circulation loop. A fixed-frequency circulation pump is installed in series in the circulation loop to provide stable power for coolant circulation. The automatic vent valve is installed at the highest point of the circulation loop to discharge accumulated gas and ensure stable circulation. Considering that there is only one server and the load is relatively fixed, the miniature single-node immersion system uses a combination of a fixed-frequency pump and a variable-frequency fan. The pump is selected according to the required flow rate, and the fan is frequency-controlled to regulate the supply temperature. The fan is installed in conjunction with the heat exchanger to form an air-cooled heat exchange unit, used to cool the coolant inside the heat exchanger and dissipate heat externally. The drainage system is connected to the bottom drain port of the Tank housing to periodically discharge impurities and waste coolant from the tank; the liquid level detection module is installed inside the Tank housing to monitor the coolant level in real time.

[0047] The bottom of the cabinet is equipped with a drip tray and a leakage sensor to monitor leakage in real time during the static operation of the system.

[0048] The miniature single-node immersion system has a liquid level detector installed inside the tank to detect the liquid level.

[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, the Tank includes internal and external boards, which are connected and sealed via an adapter plate 3. The adapter plate 3 passes through the cabinet 1 and is sealed (a sealing gasket 2 is placed between the adapter plate 3 and the cabinet 1) to prevent leakage at the protruding parts. The adapter plate structure uses a sealing gasket for sealing, and a fixing frame 4 is used to fix it to the side of the cabinet 1. Other wiring harnesses use gland connectors for sealing. The Tank enclosure is a single-server node housing with a fully sealed design. Internal and external boards are connected across the enclosure via the adapter plate. The coolant distribution assembly is integrated with the Tank enclosure, eliminating the need for a separate external coolant distribution assembly and reserving space for secondary piping installation.

[0050] The miniature single-node immersion system integrates the coolant distribution component with the tank, eliminating the need for secondary piping space as required by traditional solutions. Its drawer-style design allows direct insertion of the coolant module without disassembling the entire cabinet.

[0051] The micro single-node immersion system, due to its single-node design, reduces coolant flow resistance and can reduce the operating power of the circulating pump by 15%-20%, thus reducing pump power consumption.

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, the miniature single-node immersion system, due to its single-node design, incorporates a leakage collector 5 at the bottom of the node. When the node is hoisted out of the TANK, the collector is attached to the node handle (or designed as a magnetic type) and moves with the server, collecting any residual liquid during the process. This solves the problem of continuous liquid leakage during the movement of the server after it has been hoisted out of the TANK.

[0053] II. Core Working Principle of the System

[0054] 1. Temperature control and circulation working principle

[0055] The system adopts a combined control scheme of fixed-frequency circulating pump and variable-frequency fan to address the fixed load characteristics of a single server node: the fixed-frequency circulating pump is selected according to the rated flow required for heat dissipation of a single node and operates at a fixed speed to provide stable circulation power for the coolant, avoiding the control complexity and cost increase brought by the variable-frequency pump; the variable-frequency fan adjusts the operating frequency in real time according to the coolant supply temperature, precisely controlling the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger, thereby achieving stable regulation of the supply temperature, ensuring heat dissipation effect while minimizing system operating energy consumption.

[0056] Meanwhile, the single-node design significantly shortens the coolant circulation path and reduces loop flow resistance, which can reduce the operating power of the circulation pump by 15%-20%, further reducing system energy consumption and maintaining the system PUE in the range of 1.05-1.10, fully meeting the national data center energy-saving standards.

[0057] 2. Tank enclosure sealing structure

[0058] The Tank enclosure's sealing design consists of three parts, achieving leak-free protection in all scenarios:

[0059] Board bridging seal: Internal and external boards are connected for signal and data communication via an adapter board. The adapter board passes through the side wall of the cabinet, and a sealing gasket is placed between the adapter board and the side wall of the cabinet. The outer side of the adapter board is pressed and fixed to the side of the cabinet by a fixing frame. The static seal of the adapter board through the cabinet is achieved by the compression deformation of the sealing gasket, which effectively resists the risk of seal failure caused by thermal expansion and contraction during long-term operation.

[0060] Wiring harness sealing: All other power and signal external wiring harnesses inside the enclosure are sealed with gland heads to ensure long-term reliable sealing at the wiring harness penetration points.

[0061] Enclosure opening and closing sealing: The Tank enclosure cover is equipped with a sealing strip, which is tightened with bolts to achieve a compression seal at the opening and closing points, ensuring an overall leakage rate of ≤1×10⁻ 9 Pa・m³ / s, meeting the single-cabinet level sealing standard.

[0062] 3. Integrated design and drawer-type installation;

[0063] The coolant distribution unit is integrated with the Tank enclosure, eliminating the need for a separate external coolant distribution unit and the need to reserve space for secondary piping installation, thus significantly reducing the system size. At the same time, the Tank enclosure adopts a drawer-type design, allowing server nodes to be directly inserted into the coolant module without disassembling the entire rack, achieving "plug and play". The installation and disassembly process is greatly simplified and can be completed without professional personnel.

[0064] 4. Two-stage leakage protection and collection

[0065] The system is configured with a two-tiered leakage protection scheme, combining static operation and dynamic maintenance, to achieve end-to-end leakage control.

[0066] Static leakage detection: A drip tray with a leakage sensor is installed at the bottom of the cabinet to monitor leakage in real time. Once leakage is detected, an alarm and protection mechanism can be triggered immediately to ensure the safe operation of the system.

[0067] Maintenance and maintenance leakage collection: To address the issue of residual coolant dripping during server node hoisting and removal, a movable leakage collector is installed at the bottom / tail of the node. The collector can be hooked to the node handle or magnetically attached to the node housing. It can move synchronously with the server node, collecting residual coolant dripping during the entire process of node removal and relocation, completely solving the problem of coolant dripping during maintenance and improving system maintainability.

[0068] III. Application Examples

[0069] Example 1: Basic Micro Single-Node Immersion System

[0070] This embodiment is a basic implementation of the present invention, fully realizing all the core functions of the present invention. The specific solution is as follows:

[0071] The miniature single-node immersion system of this embodiment consists of a variable frequency fan, a plate heat exchanger, a single-node sealed tank housing, and a liquid circuit system. The liquid circuit system includes a fixed frequency circulating pump, an automatic air vent valve, a leakage detection component, a liquid supply pipeline, a liquid return pipeline, and a manual drainage system.

[0072] In this embodiment, the Tank enclosure is made of 304 stainless steel, and its internal cavity size is adapted to standard 1U / 2U server nodes, capable of accommodating one standard server completely immersed in fluorinated insulating coolant. The liquid-side inlet of the plate heat exchanger is connected to the top return port of the Tank enclosure via a return pipe, and the liquid-side outlet is connected to the bottom supply port of the Tank enclosure via a supply pipe, forming a complete coolant circulation loop. A fixed-frequency circulation pump is installed in series on the supply pipe, with a rated flow rate matching the heat dissipation requirements of a single server and a head adapted to the resistance loss of the circulation loop, operating at a fixed speed to provide stable power for coolant circulation. An automatic exhaust valve is installed at the highest point of the circulation loop, i.e., at the end of the upper section of the supply pipe, to automatically discharge accumulated gas in the loop, preventing cavitation from affecting the operation of the circulation pump and heat exchange efficiency.

[0073] The variable frequency fan is installed on the windward side of the plate heat exchanger. The fan's operating frequency is linked to the temperature of the coolant in the supply pipeline. When the supply temperature is higher than the set threshold, the fan's operating frequency is increased to enhance heat exchange efficiency; when the supply temperature is lower than the set threshold, the fan's operating frequency is reduced to reduce energy consumption and achieve precise control of the supply temperature.

[0074] The internal server boards of the Tank enclosure connect to external devices via an adapter board. This adapter board passes through the side wall of the Tank enclosure, with a fluororubber gasket between it and the side wall. The adapter board is then secured to the outside of the enclosure using a stainless steel frame and bolts. The compression deformation of the gasket achieves a static seal at the enclosure penetration point. A silicone rubber sealing strip is installed between the enclosure's top cover and the enclosure itself, and bolts are used to seal the opening and closing points. All other power and signal harnesses use waterproof glands for enclosure sealing, ensuring an overall leakage rate of ≤1×10⁻⁶. -9 Pa・m 3 / s, achieving single-cabinet level sealing standards.

[0075] The tank is equipped with a float-type liquid level detection module that monitors the coolant level in real time. When the level falls below the set lower limit, it triggers an audible and visual alarm. A stainless steel drip tray is installed at the bottom of the cabinet, with a point-type leak sensor inside. Once a coolant leak is detected, it immediately triggers an audible and visual alarm and a shutdown protection signal. A drain port is located at the bottom of the tank, which is connected to a manual drain valve to form a drainage system for periodically removing impurities and waste coolant from the tank.

[0076] The system in this embodiment is a complete independent closed-loop unit. It does not require external CDU, cooling tower or other equipment. It can be put into use directly after being powered on and filled with liquid, achieving "plug and play". In the event of a single node failure, the server node can be removed from the box for maintenance after power is cut off without affecting the operation of other nodes. The fault recovery time can be controlled within 1 hour. At the same time, the single node has a short circulation path and low flow resistance. The power consumption of the circulation pump is reduced by 18% compared with the traditional cluster system, resulting in significant energy saving.

[0077] Example 2: Miniature single-node submersible system with magnetic leakage collector

[0078] Based on Example 1, this embodiment optimizes the leak collection scheme to address the issue of residual coolant dripping during operation and maintenance. The specific scheme is as follows:

[0079] The overall system structure of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1. The difference is that a magnetic leakage collector is provided. The collector is made of food-grade PP material and has a top-opening trough structure. The volume of the trough is adapted to the amount of residual coolant carried by a single server node. A strong magnet is embedded in the top edge of the trough, which can be directly magnetically fixed to the bottom metal shell of the server node and move synchronously with the server node.

[0080] When a server node requires maintenance, first power off the node, then hoist it to the opening of the Tank enclosure. Attach the magnetic coolant collector to the bottom of the node, completely covering its lower surface. Then, completely lift the node out of the enclosure. Throughout the node's transport and maintenance, any residual coolant dripping from the node is collected in the collector's tank, preventing it from dripping onto the server room floor or other equipment. After maintenance, simply pour the coolant back into the Tank enclosure and remove the collector. This convenient operation completely solves the problem of coolant dripping during maintenance.

[0081] Meanwhile, in this embodiment, the leakage sensor is a cable-type leakage sensor, which is laid in a ring along the edge of the liquid receiving tray, enabling leakage detection in the entire area. This results in higher detection sensitivity and further enhances the system's leakage protection capability.

[0082] Example 3: Drawer-mounted miniature single-node immersion system

[0083] This embodiment optimizes the server node installation method based on embodiment 1, further improving the convenience of installation and maintenance. The specific solution is as follows:

[0084] The overall system structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1. The difference is that the Tank enclosure adopts a drawer-type structure design, and a guide rail is set inside the enclosure. The server node is fixed on the guide rail tray, and the tray is sealed to the open end of the Tank enclosure. The coolant distribution component is integrated with the guide rail tray. After the tray is inserted into the enclosure, the coolant flow channel is automatically connected without the need for additional pipe connections.

[0085] During server node installation, simply push the tray with the fixed node into the Tank enclosure, tighten the sealing bolts, and the node installation and flow channel connection are completed. There is no need to disassemble the cabinet or manually connect the pipeline, truly achieving "plug and play". When the node is disassembled for maintenance, simply loosen the locking bolts and pull out the tray to remove the server node from the coolant. No hoisting operation is required, further simplifying the maintenance process and reducing the fault recovery time to within 30 minutes.

[0086] In this embodiment, the coolant distribution component is fully integrated with the Tank housing and guide rail tray, without any external distribution unit, and there is no need to reserve space for secondary side pipelines. The overall system volume is further reduced by 20% compared with Embodiment 1, the structure is more compact, and the space utilization rate is higher.

[0087] Example 4: Cluster-based expansion of a micro single-node immersion system

[0088] This embodiment is a clustered application implementation of the present invention, adapted to the expansion needs of medium and large computing power sites. The specific solution is as follows:

[0089] This embodiment uses multiple miniature single-node immersion systems described in Embodiment 1, which are assembled using standard racks to form a server cluster that can be flexibly expanded. Each single-node system is an independent closed-loop heat dissipation unit with its own fan, heat exchanger, circulation pump and control system. There is no need for nodes to share coolant circulation pipelines and cold source systems.

[0090] When expanding the cluster, simply install the new single-node system in a standard rack and connect the power supply to put it into use. There is no need to modify the original cluster's circulation system or cooling system. It can expand the cluster one node at a time according to computing power requirements, and can support the deployment of clusters with more than 50 nodes. It is fully adaptable to the computing power expansion needs of various scenarios such as small and medium-sized data centers, edge computing nodes, and intelligent computing workstations.

[0091] In this embodiment, each single-node system is equipped with an independent leakage detection, liquid level detection and overheat protection system. When a single node fails, only that node needs to be shut down for maintenance, and the other nodes can operate normally. This avoids the problem of the entire cluster shutting down due to a single node failure, which is common in traditional clusters. The reliability and stability of the cluster operation are greatly improved.

[0092] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A micro single-node submersion system, characterized by, It includes a fan, a heat exchanger, a tank enclosure, and a liquid circuit system; the refrigerant side of the heat exchanger is connected to the tank enclosure through the liquid circuit system to form an independent closed-loop coolant circulation loop; the fan is installed in conjunction with the heat exchanger to cool the coolant inside the heat exchanger; the tank enclosure is a single server node housing cavity used to accommodate a single server node completely immersed in coolant, and the tank enclosure integrates a coolant distribution component, which is an integral structure with the tank enclosure.

2. The micro single-node submersion system of claim 1, wherein, The liquid circuit system includes a fixed-frequency circulating pump, an automatic vent valve, a supply pipe, and a return pipe. The fixed-frequency circulating pump is installed in series in the coolant circulation loop. The automatic vent valve is installed at the highest point of the coolant circulation loop. The liquid-side inlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the return port of the Tank housing through the return pipe. The liquid-side outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the supply port of the Tank housing through the supply pipe.

3. The micro single-node immersion system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixed-frequency circulating pump operates at a fixed speed, and its rated flow rate matches the heat dissipation requirements of a single server node; the fan is a variable-frequency fan, and the operating frequency of the variable-frequency fan is linked to the coolant supply temperature for controlling the coolant supply temperature.

4. The micro single-node immersion system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Tank enclosure is equipped with a transition plate sealing structure, which includes a cabinet, a sealing gasket, a transition plate, and a fixing frame. The transition plate passes through the side wall of the cabinet and is used to connect the internal and external circuit boards of the Tank enclosure. The sealing gasket is placed between the transition plate and the side wall of the cabinet, and the fixing frame is pressed against the outside of the transition plate and fixed to the side wall of the cabinet to achieve sealing of the part of the transition plate that passes through the enclosure.

5. The micro single-node immersion system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top cover of the Tank enclosure is equipped with a sealing strip to seal the opening and closing parts of the enclosure; all external wiring harnesses of the Tank enclosure are sealed using gland connectors.

6. The micro single-node immersion system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a leak collector, which is a movable structure that can be connected to the server node by hooking or magnetic attraction, and is used to collect residual coolant dripping from the server node during the removal of the Tank enclosure.

7. The micro single-node immersion system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid circuit system also includes a leakage detection component, which includes a drip tray and a leakage sensor. The drip tray is located at the bottom of the cabinet, and the leakage sensor is installed inside the drip tray to detect system leakage in real time.

8. The micro single-node immersion system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tank housing is equipped with a liquid level detection module for real-time monitoring of the coolant level inside the tank housing; the liquid system also includes a drainage system, which is connected to the drain port at the bottom of the tank housing for discharging impurities and waste coolant from the tank housing.

9. The micro single-node immersion system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Tank enclosure has a drawer-type structure with an internal guide rail tray. The server node is fixed on the guide rail tray, and the guide rail tray slides with the Tank enclosure. The server node can be inserted into or removed from the Tank enclosure along with the guide rail tray, enabling plug-and-play installation.

10. The micro single-node immersion system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system is an independent closed-loop unit that can be clustered and expanded by assembling multiple units. There is no need for each individual node system to share a coolant circulation pipeline. Each node can be operated and maintained independently, and the entire cluster can be shut down in case of failure.

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