Wheat seed dressing agent for waterlogging tolerance based on carbon nanoparticles and melatonin and application thereof

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of agricultural technology and plant growth regulation, and relates to a wheat seed dressing agent based on carbon nanoparticles and melatonin, and its application. It comprises 0.15-15 parts by weight of carbon nanoparticles and 0.6-1.3 parts by weight of melatonin. This invention is the first to functionalize the combination of carbon nanoparticles and melatonin for wheat seed dressing. This is not a simple physical mixture, but a rational design based on the complementary advantages and synergistic effects of the two in terms of physical and physiological functions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural technology and plant growth regulation, and particularly relates to a wheat waterlogging resistant seed dressing agent based on carbon nanoparticles and melatonin and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Wheat is a major grain crop in my country, but in the rainy wheat-growing areas such as the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, it often suffers from waterlogging damage in the middle and late stages of growth, leading to decreased root vitality, impaired photosynthesis, and severe yield reduction. To mitigate these adverse effects, current methods mainly rely on two key measures: agronomic measures and chemical regulation. Chemical regulation measures, through the rational application of plant growth regulators, the spraying of single exogenous substances (such as methyl jasmonate and betaine), and nutrient supplements, alleviate waterlogging damage, effectively regulating the physiological metabolic processes within the crop and enhancing its stress resistance and production potential. However, these measures suffer from limited effectiveness, high costs, and difficulty in determining the timing of application. Therefore, modern grain production must undergo a comprehensive upgrade in terms of improving production efficiency, optimizing resource utilization, and promoting green and sustainable development. In recent years, the application of nanomaterials in agriculture has shown great potential. Studies have shown that carbon nanomaterials (such as carbon dots) can effectively promote seed germination, root growth, and enhance crop stress resistance. Simultaneously, exogenous melatonin has also been proven to improve the antioxidant capacity of wheat under waterlogging stress and reduce membrane lipid peroxidation damage. However, there are no reports on technologies that combine nanocarriers with specific stress-resistant hormones to create efficient and stable seed dressing agents that can systematically improve wheat's waterlogging resistance.

[0003] Currently, wheat seed dressing materials mainly consist of chemical insecticides and fungicides (such as tebuconazole and imidacloprid). Their mechanism is to form a localized pesticide zone around the seed to directly kill soil-borne pests and diseases, but this mainly remains at the level of "passive protection". At the same time, plant growth regulators, nutrients or biological agents are often used to promote strong seedlings or supplement nutrition.

[0004] The research and application of carbon nanomaterials and melatonin as seed treatment agents are now well-established. Melatonin, as a highly efficient endogenous plant regulator, has been extensively studied and used in seed initiation. Carbon nanomaterials, as novel nano-initiators, have also had their mechanisms of action in promoting seed germination, improving seedling growth, and inducing systemic resistance experimentally confirmed. However, there is currently no research on using "carbon nanoparticles + melatonin" as a composite seed dressing agent to achieve precise protection against wheat waterlogging. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned problems by providing a wheat seed dressing agent based on carbon nanoparticles and melatonin.

[0006] Another objective of this invention is to provide an application of a wheat waterlogging-resistant seed dressing agent based on carbon nanoparticles and melatonin in enhancing the waterlogging resistance of wheat seeds.

[0007] A wheat waterlogging resistant seed dressing agent based on carbon nanoparticles and melatonin, comprising 0.15-15 parts by weight of carbon nanoparticles and 0.6-1.3 parts by weight of melatonin.

[0008] The aforementioned wheat waterlogging resistant seed dressing agent based on carbon nanoparticles and melatonin includes 1.5 parts by weight of carbon nanoparticles and 1.0-1.3 parts by weight of melatonin.

[0009] The aforementioned wheat waterlogging resistant seed dressing agent based on carbon nanoparticles and melatonin includes 1.5 parts by weight of carbon nanoparticles and 1.3 parts by weight of melatonin.

[0010] An application of the above-mentioned wheat waterlogging resistant dressing agent based on carbon nanoparticles and melatonin in enhancing the waterlogging resistance of wheat seeds.

[0011] In the above application, a wheat waterlogging resistant dressing agent based on carbon nanoparticles and melatonin was diluted and used for soaking wheat seeds.

[0012] In the above application, the wheat waterlogging resistant seed dressing agent based on carbon nanoparticles and melatonin was diluted with water to a concentration of 1.5 mg / L carbon nanoparticles and 1.3 mg / L melatonin before being used for soaking wheat seeds.

[0013] In the above application, the wheat waterlogging resistant seed dressing agent based on carbon nanoparticles and melatonin was diluted with water to a concentration of 1.5 mg / L carbon nanoparticles and 1.0 mg / L melatonin before being used for soaking wheat seeds.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are: This invention belongs to the category of "active immune-regulating" seed dressing agents. It does not directly kill pathogens, but rather aims to systematically enhance the vitality and stress resistance potential of wheat seeds before stress occurs.

[0015] This invention is the first to functionalize carbon nanoparticles and melatonin for use in wheat seed dressing. This is not a simple physical mixture, but a rational design based on the complementary advantages and synergistic effects of the two in terms of physical and physiological functions. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. Example

[0017] This embodiment provides a wheat waterlogging resistant dressing agent based on carbon nanoparticles and melatonin, comprising 0.15 parts of carbon nanoparticles and 0.6 parts of melatonin, which are mixed evenly.

[0018] Carbon nanoparticles (FCN), also known as carbon nanoparticle powder, are commercially available products. Melatonin (MLT) is also a commercially available product, and the same applies to the following examples. Example

[0019] This embodiment provides a wheat waterlogging resistant dressing agent based on carbon nanoparticles and melatonin, comprising 15 parts by weight of carbon nanoparticles and 302.0 parts by weight of melatonin. Example

[0020] This embodiment provides a wheat waterlogging resistant dressing agent based on carbon nanoparticles and melatonin, comprising 1.5 parts by weight of carbon nanoparticles and 185.5 parts by weight of melatonin. Example

[0021] This embodiment provides a wheat waterlogging resistant dressing agent based on carbon nanoparticles and melatonin, comprising 1.5 parts by weight of carbon nanoparticles and 302.0 parts by weight of melatonin.

[0022] Application Example 1 The test materials were Yangmai 28 and Fanmai 8. Plump and uniform seeds were selected, soaked in 5% sodium hypochlorite for 15 minutes, rinsed with distilled water and then dried for later use.

[0023] Yangmai 28 is a wheat variety bred and produced by Zhejiang Wuwang Agricultural Science and Seed Industry Co., Ltd., with the approval number Guoshenmai 20180010 (involving three parents: Shanhongmai, Yangmai 162, and Yangmai 18). Through "recrossing" and "backcrossing," the superior genes (such as high yield, disease resistance, and high quality) of multiple parents were combined. After multiple generations of selection, Yangmai 28 was finally bred as a new variety with outstanding comprehensive performance.

[0024] Fanmai No. 8 is a wheat variety bred and produced by Henan Huangfan District Dishen Seed Industry Co., Ltd., with the approval number Yu Shenmai 2008007. Its core parents are Fanai No. 2 and Yuanfan No. 3.

[0025] The experiment used three plant growth regulators: carbon nanoparticles (FCN-c1, FCN-c2, and FCN-c3), melatonin (MLT-c1, MLT-c2, MLT-c3, and MLT-c1), and a combination of carbon nanoparticles and melatonin (FM-c1, FM-c2, FM-c3, and FM-c4). Different concentration gradients and component formulations were used for seed soaking. Soaking in plain water (W1 and W2) served as a control. After soaking for 6 hours, the seeds were rinsed with distilled water and air-dried. The soaked wheat seeds were then neatly arranged on the surface of river sand in seedling trays, covered with 1-2 cm of river sand, leveled, and sown with 15 seeds per tray, with 4 replicates.

[0026] Waterlogging test: The seedling pots of FCN-c1, FCN-c2, FCN-c3, MLT-c1, MLT-c2, MLT-c3, MLT-c1, and W1 mentioned above should be immersed in water until the water level is level with the sand. This waterlogging treatment is then performed. The plants are placed at a temperature of 25℃, a light intensity of 4000 lx, a humidity of 60%, and a photoperiod of 12 h·d. -1 The culture is carried out in a light-incubated incubator. The water level is observed daily, and water is added as needed based on the weight.

[0027] Non-waterlogging control test (W2): The above W2 is controlled at 70% of the field water holding capacity, that is, 70% of the water volume in the waterlogging test. The waterlogging situation is observed at regular intervals every day, and water is added by weighing.

[0028] Measurement items Germination rate: The percentage of seedlings that germinate from the experimental seeds out of the total number of seeds sown.

[0029] Plant height and longest root length: Measured with a ruler.

[0030] Fresh weight: The fresh weight is measured by separating the seedlings, roots, and remaining seeds of wheat after 14 days of cultivation.

[0031] The results are shown in the table below.

[0032] Table 1. Growth of Yangmai 28 wheat variety

[0033] Table 1 shows that the FM-c1 treatment achieved the highest plant height and longest root length without sacrificing germination rate, directly confirming the advantage of "synergistic promotion of robust seedlings," which is more comprehensive compared to treatments that simply promote germination or root growth. Root length was significantly impaired when the FCN concentration reached 15 mg / L; germination rate was low at MLT concentrations of 0.6-1.0 mg / L. A unique mechanism of action was revealed: MLT alone inhibits root weight gain, but root length was maintained when mixed with FCN (such as FM-c1). This indirectly reflects that FCN, as a carrier, may improve the delivery and action mode of MLT, embodying a "carrier-delivery-synergistic" mechanism.

[0034] Table 2. Growth of Fanmai No. 8 wheat variety

[0035] Table 2 shows that, in terms of the most important seedling growth indicators (plant height and seedling fresh weight), the FM-c1 treatment consistently and significantly improved in both different varieties. This strongly demonstrates the cross-varietal stability of the compound seed dressing agent's effect on promoting aboveground growth, which is its greatest advantage.

[0036] Advantages and features of this invention.

[0037] 1. Core Innovation and Positioning Innovative Concept: Unlike traditional seed dressing agents that primarily rely on chemical protection (insecticides and fungicides), this invention is an "active immune-regulating" seed dressing agent. It does not directly kill pathogens, but rather aims to systematically enhance the vitality and stress resistance potential of wheat seeds before stress occurs. This invention is the first to functionalize carbon nanoparticles and melatonin for wheat seed dressing. This is not a simple physical mixture, but a rational design based on the complementary advantages and synergistic effects of both in terms of physical and physiological functions.

[0038] 2. Unique advantages of its mechanism of action Triple synergistic mechanism: A unique and efficient "carrier-penetration-activation" synergistic chain is formed. Nanocarrier and promoter: Carbon nanoparticles, as highly efficient carriers, significantly enhance the adhesion, stability, and inward transport efficiency of hydrophobic melatonin on the seed surface; they also improve seed coat permeability, promote water and nutrient absorption, and enhance seed basal metabolism. Systemic stress activator: Melatonin, as a core signaling molecule, is efficiently delivered, constructing a "firewall" against waterlogging-induced oxidative damage at the physiological level. Dual antioxidant defense line: The antioxidant activity of carbon nanomaterials combined with the powerful free radical scavenging ability of melatonin forms a dual "physical-chemical" antioxidant defense line, which can more efficiently remove excess reactive oxygen species caused by waterlogging and protect cell structure.

[0039] 3. Application and Effect Advantages Highly targeted, addressing production pain points: It directly tackles the critical abiotic stress problem of waterlogging in major wheat-producing areas (such as the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River), filling the functional gap of traditional chemical seed dressing agents in this regard.

[0040] Long-lasting and forward-looking effects: By treating seeds, stress resistance is established in the initial stage of seed germination, and the effect lasts through the early seedling stage. This is more proactive and longer-lasting than "remedial" measures such as foliar spraying after stress has occurred.

[0041] Safe and convenient to use, easy to promote: The ingredients used are environmentally friendly at the recommended dosage, and the seed dressing operation is completely in line with existing agronomic processes. Farmers do not need to change their habits, making it easy to accept and apply on a large scale.

[0042] In summary, the core advantage of this invention lies in the fact that, through the innovative combination of nanotechnology and plant hormones, it achieves a comprehensive enhancement of wheat seeds from physical penetration and metabolic promotion to systemic resistance induction, providing a novel and potentially disruptive technical solution for efficiently and environmentally addressing wheat waterlogging problems.

[0043] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative examples of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A wheat waterlogging tolerance seed dressing agent based on carbon nanoparticles and melatonin, characterized in that, It includes 0.15-15 parts by weight of carbon nanoparticles and 0.6-1.3 parts by weight of melatonin.

2. The carbon nanoparticle and melatonin based wheat water stress seed dressing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes 1.5 parts by weight of carbon nanoparticles and 1.0-1.3 parts by weight of melatonin.

3. The carbon nanoparticle and melatonin based wheat water stress dressing agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein, It includes 1.5 parts by weight of carbon nanoparticles and 1.3 parts by weight of melatonin.

4. The application of the wheat waterlogging-resistant seed dressing agent based on carbon nanoparticles and melatonin according to any one of claims 1-3 in enhancing the waterlogging resistance of wheat seeds.

5. Use according to claim 4, characterized in that, A wheat seed treatment agent based on carbon nanoparticles and melatonin was diluted and used for soaking wheat seeds.

6. According to claim 4, the wheat waterlogging resistant seed dressing agent based on carbon nanoparticles and melatonin is diluted with water to a concentration of 1.5 mg / L carbon nanoparticles and 1.3 mg / L melatonin before being used for soaking wheat seeds.

7. According to claim 4, the wheat waterlogging resistant seed dressing agent based on carbon nanoparticles and melatonin is diluted with water to a concentration of 1.5 mg / L carbon nanoparticles and 1.0 mg / L melatonin before being used for soaking wheat seeds.

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