Integrated power distribution cabinet fire monitoring and extinguishing system and method

Abstract

This invention discloses an integrated fire monitoring and extinguishing system and method for power distribution cabinets, comprising: an intelligent data acquisition controller deployed inside the power distribution cabinet to be monitored, the intelligent data acquisition controller being equipped with multiple sensors; a visualization host deployed in the duty room / central control room, communicatively connected to the intelligent data acquisition controller, used to acquire and display data from the sensors; and a fire extinguishing device installed inside the power distribution cabinet, equipped with a feedback line connected to a switch input / output interface for monitoring whether the fire extinguishing device is triggered; the fire extinguishing device is triggered to extinguish the fire when a second preset condition is met. This invention integrates multiple sensors into a single unit, simplifying the hardware; sets multiple trigger conditions for fast fire extinguishing response; and incorporates dual-band switching to improve reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the monitoring and fire suppression of power distribution cabinets, specifically an integrated power distribution cabinet fire monitoring and fire suppression system and method. Background Technology

[0002] Existing fire protection schemes for distribution cabinets (switch cabinets) are mainly divided into two categories: (1) Independent sensing and passive fire suppression solution: Install independent heat and smoke detectors inside the cabinet, and equip it with suspended or placed fire extinguishing balls / aerosol fire extinguishing devices. This type of solution usually has the following disadvantages: Delayed response: Most fire extinguishing devices are temperature-triggered (e.g., ≥180℃), lacking early warning and multi-level response mechanisms. They often only activate when the fire is already large, which may have already caused serious damage to the equipment.

[0003] Lack of intelligent linkage and monitoring: The sensors and fire extinguishing devices are isolated and cannot transmit real-time data to the central platform, making it impossible to achieve remote monitoring, historical data tracing and centralized management.

[0004] Reliability depends on a single sensor: It usually relies on only a single parameter such as temperature or smoke, and is susceptible to environmental interference, resulting in false alarms or missed alarms.

[0005] Installation and maintenance are complex: there are many cables, low system integration, and poor scalability.

[0006] (2) Centralized monitoring but separate fire suppression scheme: Some high-end systems use industrial computers or PLCs to centrally monitor the environment inside the cabinet (temperature, humidity, partial discharge, etc.), but the fire suppression system is still independently designed, and the linkage with the control system is mostly a simple switch signal. Its disadvantages are: The system architecture is complex and costly: it requires the deployment of controllers, various sensors, communication modules and fire extinguishing devices, with many components and complex installation and debugging.

[0007] Insufficient communication reliability: In power distribution room environments with strong electromagnetic interference, traditional wireless communication (such as Wi-Fi) has poor stability, while wired cabling is costly and inflexible.

[0008] Rigid control logic: The polling strategy is fixed and cannot be dynamically optimized according to the number of devices or operating conditions, which may lead to data delays or waste of system resources. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, this invention provides an integrated power distribution cabinet fire monitoring and extinguishing system and method. This invention integrates multiple sensors, simplifying the hardware; sets multiple trigger conditions for fast fire extinguishing response; and sets dual-band switching to improve reliability.

[0010] To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an integrated distribution cabinet fire monitoring and extinguishing system, comprising: An intelligent data acquisition controller is deployed inside the power distribution cabinet to be monitored. The intelligent data acquisition controller is equipped with multiple sensors. Each sensor node includes a first wireless communication module and a second wireless communication module. Both the first and second wireless communication modules are electrically connected to the processor of the multiple sensors. The processor is configured to: under normal conditions, control the first wireless communication module to transmit data using a first frequency band; and when a first preset condition is met, control the second wireless communication module to transmit data using a second frequency band. The controller also includes a digital input / output interface. A visualization host, deployed in the duty room / central control room, is communicatively connected to the intelligent data acquisition controller and is used to acquire and display the data from the sensor from the intelligent data acquisition controller; The fire extinguishing device is installed in the power distribution cabinet and is equipped with a feedback line. The feedback line is connected to the switch input / output interface to monitor whether the fire extinguishing device is triggered. It also includes a relay and a switching power supply. The relay is connected to the intelligent acquisition controller and is used to control the closing of the relay when a second preset condition is met. The contacts of the relay are connected to the input circuit of the switching power supply to control the switching power supply to turn on and off. When the switching power supply is turned on, the fire extinguishing device is triggered.

[0011] The intelligent data acquisition controller is also equipped with: a display screen, function buttons, multiple indicator lights, and a buzzer; The intelligent data acquisition controller is also equipped with a circuit board, which integrates a main control MCU, an RS485 communication interface, and the multiple sensors.

[0012] The visualization host is also equipped with: a touch screen, an Ethernet interface, a USB interface and an RS485 interface; The visualization host is also configured to generate icons and historical curves based on sensor data, and is also configured to record fire events.

[0013] The fire extinguishing device activates within 300ms to extinguish the fire.

[0014] An integrated method for fire monitoring and extinguishing of electrical distribution cabinets includes the following steps: The first wireless communication module polls data from each sensor. Under normal conditions, each sensor transmits data through the first frequency band. When the first preset condition is met, each sensor transmits data through the second frequency band. When any sensor malfunction is detected, the malfunctioning sensor immediately and autonomously switches from the first frequency band to the second frequency band to transmit data and generates an alarm message, which is then proactively reported with the highest priority. When the second preset condition is met, the control relay closes, which turns on the switching power supply, thereby triggering the fire extinguishing device to extinguish the fire. The event of a fire extinguishing device being triggered is displayed on the visualization host.

[0015] The steps for polling data are as follows: The sensors are sequentially processed through the first frequency band. The sensors acquire external data in the order of smoke detection, temperature and humidity detection, and infrared temperature detection, and store the data in the form of data packets. When a data acquisition instruction is received from the visualization host, the external data is uploaded to the host in the form of data packets. The host then parses the external data and displays it.

[0016] The formula for calculating the polling data period is:

[0017] in, For the polling cycle, The total number of sensors, Minimum communication time for each sensor, A user-defined extension time after all sensors have been polled.

[0018] The first preset condition refers to the data detected by the sensor exceeding a threshold.

[0019] The highest priority means that the priority of alarm information is higher than that of polling data.

[0020] The sensors include smoke sensors, temperature and humidity sensors, and infrared temperature sensors; Seven trigger combinations are set based on the sensor: Combination 1: Infrared sensing, setting the infrared temperature threshold of the infrared temperature sensor to temperature 1; Combination 2: Ambient temperature sensing, setting the ambient temperature threshold of the temperature and humidity sensor to temperature 2; Combination 3: Smoke detection, setting the smoke concentration threshold of the smoke sensor to concentration 1; Combination 4: Combined infrared and smoke sensing; Combination 5: Joint infrared-ambient temperature sensing; Combination Six: Combined Ambient Temperature and Smoke Sensing; Combination 7: Joint sensing of infrared, ambient temperature, and smoke; Meeting the second preset condition means that all sensors in any combination simultaneously meet the first preset condition. include: The second preset condition of Combination 1: If and only if the temperature detected by the infrared temperature sensor exceeds temperature 1, the control relay is closed, the switching power supply is turned on, thereby triggering the fire extinguishing device to start fire extinguishing within 300ms; The second preset condition of Combination 2: If and only if the ambient temperature detected by the temperature and humidity sensor exceeds temperature 2, the control relay is closed, so that the switching power supply is turned on, thereby triggering the fire extinguishing device to start fire extinguishing within 300ms; The second preset condition of Combination 3: If and only if the smoke concentration detected by the smoke sensor exceeds concentration 1, the control relay closes, the switching power supply is turned on, thereby triggering the fire extinguishing device to start fire extinguishing within 300ms; The second preset condition of Combination 4: If and only if the temperature detected by the infrared temperature sensor exceeds temperature one, and at the same time the smoke concentration detected by the smoke sensor exceeds concentration one, the control relay is closed, so that the switching power supply is turned on, thereby triggering the fire extinguishing device to start fire extinguishing within 300ms; The second preset condition of Combination 5: If and only if the temperature detected by the infrared temperature sensor exceeds temperature one, and at the same time, the ambient temperature detected by the temperature and humidity sensor exceeds temperature two, the control relay is closed, so that the switching power supply is turned on, thereby triggering the fire extinguishing device to start fire extinguishing within 300ms; The second preset condition of Combination 6: If and only if the ambient temperature detected by the temperature and humidity sensor exceeds temperature 2, and at the same time the smoke concentration detected by the smoke sensor exceeds concentration 1, the control relay is closed, so that the switching power supply is turned on, thereby triggering the fire extinguishing device to start fire extinguishing within 300ms; The second preset condition of Combination 7: If and only if the temperature detected by the infrared temperature sensor exceeds temperature one, and at the same time, the ambient temperature detected by the temperature and humidity sensor exceeds temperature two, and the smoke concentration detected by the smoke sensor exceeds concentration one, the control relay closes, so that the switching power supply is turned on, thereby triggering the fire extinguishing device to start fire extinguishing within 300ms.

[0021] In summary, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects: This invention integrates multiple sensors and two wireless communication devices into a single controller, and together with the visualization host and fire extinguishing device, forms the minimum necessary system unit, which greatly simplifies the monitoring device and makes installation more convenient and simple. This invention uses multiple sensors to set seven combined fire extinguishing conditions, enabling rapid response and high monitoring accuracy. This invention uses different physical frequency bands for normal polling and emergency alarms, achieving bandwidth separation and reliability redundancy. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of an integrated power distribution cabinet fire monitoring and extinguishing system. Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the internal module connections of the intelligent data acquisition controller; Figure 3 This is a communication diagram between the intelligent data acquisition controller and the visualization host; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical wiring for fire suppression control and feedback. Figure 5 It is a system software logic flowchart. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0025] Example: Figure 1 This invention presents a block diagram of an integrated power distribution cabinet fire monitoring and extinguishing system, comprising an intelligent data acquisition controller, a visualization host, and fire extinguishing devices. The invention employs an integrated closed-loop design of perception-decision-execution-feedback to improve the linkage between monitoring and fire extinguishing, as well as to increase the speed of fire suppression.

[0026] in, Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the internal module connections of the intelligent data acquisition controller. Figure 3 This is a communication diagram between the intelligent data acquisition controller and the visualization host. The intelligent data acquisition controller is deployed inside the power distribution cabinet to be monitored and is equipped with multiple sensors. The sensor nodes include a first wireless communication module and a second wireless communication module. Both the first wireless communication module and the second wireless communication module are electrically connected to the processor of the multiple sensors. The processor is configured to: under normal conditions, control the first wireless communication module to transmit data using a first frequency band, and when a first preset condition is met, control the second wireless communication module to transmit data using a second frequency band. Specifically, multiple sensors are pre-integrated into the intelligent data acquisition controller. During on-site installation, only the intelligent data acquisition controller needs to be installed to collect environmental parameters inside the cabinet in real time. The first and second wireless communication modules adopt a first LoRa module and a second LoRa module, respectively. The first LoRa module uses the first frequency band to transmit data, and the second LoRa module uses the second frequency band to transmit data. Under normal conditions, the sensors transmit data using the first frequency band. When the sensors detect abnormal data, they switch to the second frequency band to transmit data. This achieves information polling using the first frequency band and alarm reporting using the second frequency band. This invention adopts a dual LoRa frequency band division mechanism to ensure that key alarm information can be uploaded 100% reliably and in real time even in environments with strong electromagnetic interference, solving the problem of data loss due to interference in traditional single-channel wireless communication.

[0027] The intelligent data acquisition controller is also equipped with: a display screen, function buttons, multiple indicator lights, and a buzzer; the display screen is used to display sensor data, the indicator lights are used to indicate power on / off and alarm indicators, and the buzzer is used to sound an alarm in case of abnormality.

[0028] The intelligent data acquisition controller also includes a circuit board that integrates a main control MCU, an RS485 communication interface, and multiple sensors. It also includes digital input / output interfaces; these interfaces have at least four DI channels and four DO channels.

[0029] The intelligent data acquisition controller has 7 built-in fire extinguishing linkage trigger combinations: infrared, ambient temperature, smoke, infrared-smoke, infrared-ambient temperature, ambient temperature-smoke, and infrared-ambient temperature-smoke.

[0030] Here, we take infrared-smoke triggering as an example: The fire extinguishing device will only be triggered when the data collected by the intelligent data acquisition controller exceeds the threshold of the infrared and smoke sensors. The triggering process is as follows: the relay K1 of the intelligent data acquisition controller closes, causing the switching power supply to be turned on, converting 220V to 12V. The voltage and current signals are transmitted to the fire extinguisher, triggering the fire extinguisher to extinguish the fire.

[0031] It also includes a visualization host, deployed in the duty room / central control room, which communicates with the intelligent acquisition controller to acquire and display sensor data from the intelligent acquisition controller; The visualization host is also equipped with: a touch screen, an Ethernet interface, a USB interface, and an RS485 interface; The visualization host is also configured to generate icons and historical curves based on sensor data, and to record fire events.

[0032] This invention uses a Linux system. Under normal conditions, the visualization host polls data from each intelligent acquisition controller via its first frequency band using an intelligent polling mechanism. The essence of the intelligent polling mechanism is an intelligent upgrade of the traditional polling mechanism. The core is to solve the resource waste and real-time contradiction of fixed-period polling through dynamic strategies. The data polling process is as follows: First, at the acquisition end, each sensor acquires external data in the order of smoke detection-temperature and humidity-infrared temperature. After acquiring the data, it is stored in the form of data packets and waits for the host to issue an acquisition instruction. Then, it is uploaded to the host in the form of data packets, and the host then parses and displays it on the screen.

[0033] When any sensor detects an anomaly, it immediately and autonomously switches to the second LoRa module (second frequency band) to proactively report alarm information to the host with the highest priority. This achieves redundant communication through dual wireless channels, ensuring real-time and reliable transmission of alarm information. The frequency band switching rule is as follows: when there is no anomaly, the first frequency band is used by default; when any anomaly occurs, the second frequency band will be used immediately and periodically to report the anomaly until the anomaly is resolved. Furthermore, alarm priority > polling priority, thus enabling immediate reporting of alarm information.

[0034] It also includes fire extinguishing equipment, which is installed inside the distribution cabinet and has a feedback circuit. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical wiring for fire extinguishing control and feedback. The feedback line is connected to the switch input / output interface to monitor whether the fire extinguishing device has been triggered. Figure 4 In the middle, the data collector is an intelligent data acquisition controller, and the perfluorohexanone shown in the upper right corner is an example of a fire extinguishing device.

[0035] Specifically, the fire extinguishing device is typically an aerosol or gaseous fire extinguishing device. In this embodiment, perfluorohexanone gaseous fire extinguishing agent is used and installed in the protected area within the electrical distribution cabinet. The power supply for its solenoid valve or trigger is provided by the 12VDC output of the switching power supply. Simultaneously, the fire extinguishing device is equipped with feedback lines (F1, F2) connected to the third switch input (IN3) of the intelligent data acquisition controller.

[0036] In this embodiment, the feedback quantity of the fire extinguisher is normally closed. After the fire extinguisher is triggered, the feedback quantity will switch to normally open, and the intelligent acquisition controller will receive a set of input switching quantities ( Figure 2 IN3 in the system can collect this feedback quantity to monitor whether the fire extinguisher is triggered and display it on the host.

[0037] In this embodiment, the fire extinguishing device is set to activate within 300ms to extinguish the fire quickly.

[0038] It also includes a relay K1 and a switching power supply. The relay K1 is connected to the intelligent acquisition controller and is used to control the closing of the relay K1 when the second preset condition is met. The contacts of the relay K1 are connected to the input circuit of the switching power supply to control the switching power supply to turn on and off. When the switching power supply is turned on, the fire extinguishing device is triggered.

[0039] The intelligent data acquisition controller of this invention has reserved RS485 and Zigbee interfaces, and the visualization host has reserved an energy management interface, which enables the system to be seamlessly expanded to connect to sulfur hexafluoride sensors, smart meters, leakage current monitoring modules, etc., realizing a smooth upgrade from single fire protection to comprehensive management and control, and protecting the user's investment.

[0040] Figure 5 This is a system software logic flowchart. The present invention also provides an integrated method for fire monitoring and extinguishing of power distribution cabinets, including steps S100-S400: S100. The first wireless communication module polls data from each sensor. Under normal conditions, each sensor transmits data through the first frequency band. When the first preset condition is met, each sensor transmits data through the second frequency band. The steps for polling the data are as follows: The sensors are sequentially processed through the first frequency band. The sensors acquire external data in the order of smoke detection, temperature and humidity detection, and infrared temperature detection, and store the data in the form of data packets. When a data acquisition command is received from the visualization host, the external data is uploaded to the host in the form of data packets. The host then parses the external data and displays it.

[0041] The formula for calculating the polling data period is:

[0042] in, For the polling cycle, The total number of sensors, Minimum communication time for each sensor, A user-defined extension time after all sensors have been polled.

[0043] The intelligent polling mechanism dynamically optimizes the host polling cycle based on the actual number of connected devices, avoiding wasted polling. When 30 devices are connected, the system's polling efficiency is improved by approximately 25% compared to a fixed-cycle polling scheme.

[0044] This application also includes a noise sensor for monitoring noise before the smoke detector, enabling real-time observation of the sounds of fire and firefighting.

[0045] In this step, the first preset condition is that the data detected by the sensor exceeds a threshold. That is, when the temperature detected by the sensor is greater than the threshold set internally, it is determined to be abnormal, and the sensor reports its abnormal data to the host via the second frequency band.

[0046] S200. When any sensor malfunction is detected, the malfunctioning sensor immediately and autonomously switches from the first frequency band to the second frequency band to transmit data and generates alarm information, and actively reports the alarm information with the highest priority. In this step, the highest priority means that the alarm information takes precedence over the polling data. This ensures that the alarm is treated as a first-time emergency and can be reported immediately to prevent delays in responding to the fire.

[0047] S300. When the second preset condition is met, control relay K1 closes, so that the switching power supply is turned on, thereby triggering the fire extinguishing device to extinguish the fire. The sensors include smoke sensors, temperature and humidity sensors, and infrared temperature sensors. Seven trigger combinations are set based on the sensor: Combination 1: Infrared sensing, setting the infrared temperature threshold of the infrared temperature sensor to temperature 1; for example, temperature 1 is 80℃, and this temperature threshold can be customized by the user. Combination 2: Ambient temperature sensing, setting the ambient temperature threshold of the temperature and humidity sensor to temperature 2; for example, temperature 2 is 80℃, and this temperature threshold can be customized by the user; Combination 3: Smoke detection, setting the smoke concentration threshold of the smoke sensor to concentration 1; for example, concentration 1 is 1000ppm, and this concentration threshold can be customized by the user; Combination 4: Combined infrared and smoke sensing; Combination 5: Joint infrared-ambient temperature sensing; Combination Six: Combined Ambient Temperature and Smoke Sensing; Combination 7: Joint sensing of infrared, ambient temperature, and smoke; Meeting the second preset condition means that all sensors in any combination simultaneously meet the first preset condition. include: The second preset condition of Combination 1: If and only if the temperature detected by the infrared temperature sensor exceeds temperature 1, the control relay K1 is closed, so that the switching power supply is turned on, thereby triggering the fire extinguishing device to start fire extinguishing within 300ms; The second preset condition of Combination 2: If and only if the ambient temperature detected by the temperature and humidity sensor exceeds temperature 2, the control relay K1 is closed, so that the switching power supply is turned on, thereby triggering the fire extinguishing device to start fire extinguishing within 300ms; The second preset condition of Combination 3: If and only if the smoke concentration detected by the smoke sensor exceeds concentration 1, the control relay K1 is closed, the switching power supply is turned on, thereby triggering the fire extinguishing device to start fire extinguishing within 300ms; The second preset condition of Combination 4: If and only if the temperature detected by the infrared temperature sensor exceeds temperature one, and at the same time the smoke concentration detected by the smoke sensor exceeds concentration one, the control relay K1 is closed, so that the switching power supply is turned on, thereby triggering the fire extinguishing device to start fire extinguishing within 300ms; The second preset condition of Combination 5: If and only if the temperature detected by the infrared temperature sensor exceeds temperature one, and at the same time, the ambient temperature detected by the temperature and humidity sensor exceeds temperature two, the control relay K1 is closed, so that the switching power supply is turned on, thereby triggering the fire extinguishing device to start fire extinguishing within 300ms; The second preset condition of Combination 6: If and only if the ambient temperature detected by the temperature and humidity sensor exceeds temperature 2, and at the same time the smoke concentration detected by the smoke sensor exceeds concentration 1, the control relay K1 is closed, so that the switching power supply is turned on, thereby triggering the fire extinguishing device to start fire extinguishing within 300ms; The second preset condition of Combination 7: If and only if the temperature detected by the infrared temperature sensor exceeds temperature one, and at the same time, the ambient temperature detected by the temperature and humidity sensor exceeds temperature two, and the smoke concentration detected by the smoke sensor exceeds concentration one, the control relay K1 is closed, so that the switching power supply is turned on, thereby triggering the fire extinguishing device to start fire extinguishing within 300ms.

[0048] When the infrared-smoke fire suppression triggering method of combination four is selected, fire suppression will only be triggered if both the infrared or smoke sensors exceed the threshold. Otherwise, regardless of how many sensors exceed the threshold, only the corresponding alarm will be issued and the alarm information will be uploaded to the host via the second frequency band. After the host analyzes the alarm, it will be displayed on the interface. For example, if it is an infrared alarm, the host will sound an alarm and highlight the infrared data in red.

[0049] Once the fire has been triggered and extinguished, the remaining sensors continue to trigger conditions and send extinguishing signals.

[0050] This invention utilizes seven different triggering conditions to effectively adapt to most application scenarios. Experiments show that compared to traditional single triggering schemes, the system reliability is enhanced, the response time is reduced by an average of 2-5 minutes, and it can effectively prevent the spread of fire.

[0051] S400 Displays the fire extinguishing device being triggered and the fire extinguishing event on the visualization host.

[0052] This invention highly integrates multiple sensors, a main controller, and dual wireless modules into a single intelligent data acquisition controller. On-site installation requires only three main components: the controller, a visualization host, and a fire suppression device. This significantly reduces wiring complexity and installation time, lowering deployment costs by approximately 40%. The host system polls via the first frequency band, displaying all data visually on the host screen, supporting charts and historical curves, and enabling continuous polling. If the temperature of a cabinet exceeds a set threshold, its local indicator flashes, and the host receives an alert. Maintenance personnel can then intervene. When the fire suppression conditions of the data acquisition device are met, the device instantly activates relay K1, turning on the power supply, and the fire suppression device initiates fire suppression within 300ms. Simultaneously, IN3 receives a feedback signal, and the host records "Fire Event: Fire suppression device in cabinet X activated at XX time." Users can access all historical data and event records on the host's "Data Statistics Interface" for accident analysis and post-event traceability.

[0053] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated power distribution cabinet fire monitoring and extinguishing system, characterized in that, include: An intelligent data acquisition controller is deployed inside the power distribution cabinet to be monitored. The intelligent data acquisition controller is equipped with multiple sensors. Each sensor node includes a first wireless communication module and a second wireless communication module. Both the first and second wireless communication modules are electrically connected to the processor of the multiple sensors. The processor is configured to: under normal conditions, control the first wireless communication module to transmit data using a first frequency band; and when a first preset condition is met, control the second wireless communication module to transmit data using a second frequency band. The controller also includes a digital input / output interface. A visualization host, deployed in the duty room / central control room, is communicatively connected to the intelligent data acquisition controller and is used to acquire and display the data from the sensor from the intelligent data acquisition controller; The fire extinguishing device is installed in the power distribution cabinet and is equipped with a feedback line. The feedback line is connected to the switch input / output interface to monitor whether the fire extinguishing device is triggered. It also includes a relay and a switching power supply. The relay is connected to the intelligent acquisition controller and is used to control the closing of the relay when a second preset condition is met. The contacts of the relay are connected to the input circuit of the switching power supply to control the switching power supply to turn on and off. When the switching power supply is turned on, the fire extinguishing device is triggered.

2. The integrated power distribution cabinet fire monitoring and extinguishing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent data acquisition controller is also equipped with: a display screen, function buttons, multiple indicator lights, and a buzzer; The intelligent data acquisition controller is also equipped with a circuit board, which integrates a main control MCU, an RS485 communication interface, and the multiple sensors.

3. The integrated power distribution cabinet fire monitoring and extinguishing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The visualization host is also equipped with: a touch screen, an Ethernet interface, a USB interface and an RS485 interface; The visualization host is also configured to generate icons and historical curves based on sensor data, and is also configured to record fire events.

4. The integrated distribution cabinet fire monitoring and extinguishing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing device activates within 300ms to extinguish the fire.

5. A method for integrated fire monitoring and extinguishing of power distribution cabinets, characterized in that, The integrated distribution cabinet fire monitoring and extinguishing system as described in any one of claims 1-4 includes the following steps: The first wireless communication module polls data from each sensor. Under normal conditions, each sensor transmits data through the first frequency band. When the first preset condition is met, each sensor transmits data through the second frequency band. When any sensor malfunction is detected, the malfunctioning sensor immediately and autonomously switches from the first frequency band to the second frequency band to transmit data and generates an alarm message, which is then proactively reported with the highest priority. When the second preset condition is met, the control relay closes, which turns on the switching power supply, thereby triggering the fire extinguishing device to extinguish the fire. The event of a fire extinguishing device being triggered is displayed on the visualization host.

6. The integrated power distribution cabinet fire monitoring and extinguishing method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The steps for polling data are as follows: The sensors are sequentially processed through the first frequency band. The sensors acquire external data in the order of smoke detection, temperature and humidity detection, and infrared temperature detection, and store the data in the form of data packets. When a data acquisition instruction is received from the visualization host, the external data is uploaded to the host in the form of data packets. The host then parses the external data and displays it.

7. The integrated power distribution cabinet fire monitoring and extinguishing method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the polling data period is: in, For the polling cycle, The total number of sensors, Minimum communication time for each sensor, A user-defined extension time after all sensors have been polled.

8. The integrated power distribution cabinet fire monitoring and extinguishing method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first preset condition refers to the data detected by the sensor exceeding a threshold.

9. The integrated power distribution cabinet fire monitoring and extinguishing method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The highest priority means that the priority of alarm information is higher than that of polling data.

10. A method for fire monitoring and extinguishing of an integrated power distribution cabinet according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sensors include smoke sensors, temperature and humidity sensors, and infrared temperature sensors; Seven trigger combinations are set based on the sensor: Combination 1: Infrared sensing, setting the infrared temperature threshold of the infrared temperature sensor to temperature 1; Combination 2: Ambient temperature sensing, setting the ambient temperature threshold of the temperature and humidity sensor to temperature 2; Combination 3: Smoke detection, setting the smoke concentration threshold of the smoke sensor to concentration 1; Combination 4: Combined infrared and smoke sensing; Combination 5: Joint infrared-ambient temperature sensing; Combination Six: Combined Ambient Temperature and Smoke Sensing; Combination 7: Joint sensing of infrared, ambient temperature, and smoke; Meeting the second preset condition means that all sensors in any combination simultaneously meet the first preset condition. include: The second preset condition of Combination 1: If and only if the temperature detected by the infrared temperature sensor exceeds temperature 1, the control relay is closed, the switching power supply is turned on, thereby triggering the fire extinguishing device to start fire extinguishing within 300ms; The second preset condition of Combination 2: If and only if the ambient temperature detected by the temperature and humidity sensor exceeds temperature 2, the control relay is closed, so that the switching power supply is turned on, thereby triggering the fire extinguishing device to start fire extinguishing within 300ms; The second preset condition of Combination 3: If and only if the smoke concentration detected by the smoke sensor exceeds concentration 1, the control relay closes, the switching power supply is turned on, thereby triggering the fire extinguishing device to start fire extinguishing within 300ms; The second preset condition of Combination 4: If and only if the temperature detected by the infrared temperature sensor exceeds temperature one, and at the same time the smoke concentration detected by the smoke sensor exceeds concentration one, the control relay is closed, so that the switching power supply is turned on, thereby triggering the fire extinguishing device to start fire extinguishing within 300ms; The second preset condition of Combination 5: If and only if the temperature detected by the infrared temperature sensor exceeds temperature one, and at the same time, the ambient temperature detected by the temperature and humidity sensor exceeds temperature two, the control relay is closed, so that the switching power supply is turned on, thereby triggering the fire extinguishing device to start fire extinguishing within 300ms; The second preset condition of Combination 6: If and only if the ambient temperature detected by the temperature and humidity sensor exceeds temperature 2, and at the same time the smoke concentration detected by the smoke sensor exceeds concentration 1, the control relay is closed, so that the switching power supply is turned on, thereby triggering the fire extinguishing device to start fire extinguishing within 300ms; The second preset condition of Combination 7: If and only if the temperature detected by the infrared temperature sensor exceeds temperature one, and at the same time, the ambient temperature detected by the temperature and humidity sensor exceeds temperature two, and the smoke concentration detected by the smoke sensor exceeds concentration one, the control relay closes, so that the switching power supply is turned on, thereby triggering the fire extinguishing device to start fire extinguishing within 300ms.

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