A drilling tool for drilling a rail washer

Abstract

This application relates to the field of rail washer processing technology, specifically disclosing a drilling fixture for drilling rail washers, including a main body and a drilling mechanism. The drilling mechanism includes a cylinder, a limit rod, a lifting plate, a first motor, and a drill bit. A second motor is installed inside the main body, and a feeding assembly is also installed inside the main body. This invention can promptly clean debris through the feeding assembly, ensuring the positioning accuracy of the fixture and the drilling quality. In addition, it has a positioning mechanism to ensure the accuracy of each drilling operation, and it can promptly issue an alarm when the fixture deforms, facilitating subsequent maintenance and ensuring that the produced rail washers meet assembly requirements. The clamping assembly can stably clamp the rail washer workpiece, and it can issue an alarm when the rail washer workpiece shifts during the drilling process, facilitating equipment maintenance and ensuring drilling accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of rail washer processing technology, and in particular to a drilling tool for drilling rail washers. Background Technology

[0002] Rail washers are key components of railway track fastening systems, mainly used in rail joints, elastic clip fasteners, and other parts. They work with bolts and nuts to achieve fastening and protection, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the track. The drilling accuracy of rail washers directly affects assembly reliability and train safety. With the rapid development of high-speed rail and urban rail, the mass production of rail washers places higher demands on hole accuracy and production efficiency. The shortcomings of traditional drilling processes and existing tooling are becoming increasingly apparent. Developing a drilling tool for rail washers has become an urgent need to improve the quality and efficiency of railway line construction.

[0003] The existing technology still has the following problems:

[0004] 1. Existing drilling fixtures cannot effectively clean up the debris generated during drilling. The debris reduces the positioning accuracy of the fixture, and the attached dust changes the fit between the fixture and the workpiece, causing the rail washer to shift in position, have a hole diameter deviation, or even scrap the product. In addition, the rail washer lacks a positioning mechanism during drilling, and the fixture is prone to deformation during long-term processing, resulting in inaccurate workpiece positioning and affecting the subsequent fastener assembly accuracy.

[0005] 2. Existing drilling fixtures lack stable clamping mechanisms, and it is difficult to detect when workpieces shift in the fixture. This results in unqualified workpieces entering the market. If unqualified washers enter the field, the bolts will be subjected to eccentric force after installation, making them prone to loosening and stripping, reducing the rigidity of the rail connection. In severe cases, it will change the stress distribution of the rail, causing the rail to bear additional loads locally, which may lead to major safety accidents such as derailment, resulting in personal injury and property damage. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the difficulties in timely cleaning of debris generated during drilling, which reduces the positioning accuracy of the tooling and alters the fit between the tooling and the workpiece due to dust, causing displacement of the rail washer drilling position, deviation of the hole diameter, and even product scrapping, this invention provides a drilling tooling for drilling rail washers to address these shortcomings. The tooling is prone to deformation during prolonged processing, leading to inaccurate workpiece positioning and affecting the subsequent fastener assembly accuracy. Furthermore, the drilling tooling lacks a stable clamping mechanism, making it difficult to detect workpiece displacement within the fixture, resulting in substandard workpieces entering the market. If substandard washers reach the field, the bolts will be misaligned after installation, easily loosening and stripping, reducing the rigidity of the rail connection. In severe cases, it can alter the stress distribution on the rail, causing localized additional loads and potentially leading to derailment and other major safety accidents, resulting in personal injury and property damage.

[0007] This application provides a drilling fixture for drilling rail washers, including a main body and a drilling mechanism. The drilling mechanism includes a cylinder, a limit rod, a lifting plate, a first motor, and a drill bit. A second motor is installed inside the main body, and a feeding assembly is installed inside the main body. A clamping assembly is installed on the outer surface of the feeding assembly. The feeding assembly includes a dust collection box, and a rotating frame is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the dust collection box. A connecting ring is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the dust collection box, and a protrusion is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the connecting ring. A support plate is installed on the upper surface of the rotating frame. A cleaning mechanism and a debris removal mechanism are installed on the outer surface of the main body. A shaking mechanism is installed on the lower surface of the support plate, and a positioning mechanism is installed inside the support plate. A shielding net is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the dust collection box, and gaps are evenly distributed between the shielding nets. A positioning block is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the lifting plate, and a positioning rod is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the positioning block.

[0008] Furthermore, the cylinder and the main body of the equipment are fixedly connected, and a piston rod is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the cylinder. The bottom end of the piston rod is fixedly connected to the lifting plate, the upper surface of the lifting plate is fixedly connected to the limiting rod, and the limiting rod is slidably connected to the top wall of the main body of the equipment. The first motor is located in the middle of the lifting plate, and the output end of the first motor is sleeved with the drill bit. The output end of the second motor is sleeved with the rotating frame. The dust collection box is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the main body of the equipment. The bottom end of the dust collection box is fitted with a bottom cover. The shielding net is located below the connecting ring, and the protrusion is located on the side away from the drilling mechanism. There are four support plates and two cleaning mechanisms, which are symmetrically distributed about the debris removal mechanism.

[0009] Furthermore, the cleaning mechanism includes a first connecting block, which is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the main body of the equipment. A first fixing block is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the first connecting block. A first threaded rod is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the first fixing block. A slider is slidably connected to the lower surface of the first fixing block. A drive rod is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the slider. Storage rods are fixedly installed at the four corners of the lower surface of the first fixing block. A lifting rod is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the storage rod. A lifting block is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the lifting rod. A lifting block is provided on the outer surface of the lifting block. A cleaning brush is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the lifting block. The slider and the first threaded rod are connected by threads. The drive rod and the drive groove are slidably connected. The lower surface of the cleaning brush is provided with bristles. When the rotating frame rotates, the upper surface of the clamping component and the bristles on the cleaning brush are in close contact.

[0010] Furthermore, the debris removal mechanism includes a second connecting block, which is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the main body of the equipment. A connecting frame is fixedly installed at one end of the second connecting block. A third motor is provided on the outer surface of the connecting frame. A gear frame is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the connecting frame. A gear is rotatably connected to the middle part of the connecting frame. The output end of the third motor is sleeved with the gear. Half of the gear is hollowed out. The gear and the gear frame mesh. Fans are provided at both ends of the gear frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the shaking mechanism includes a connecting plate, a movable ball is movably connected to the middle part of the lower surface of the connecting plate, a spring rod is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the connecting plate, a first spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the spring rod, the spring rod and the rotating frame are slidably connected, the lower surface of the support plate and the upper surface of the rotating frame are in close contact, the first spring is located between the upper surface of the connecting plate and the lower surface of the rotating frame, and when the rotating frame rotates, the movable ball and the protrusion contact and generate compression.

[0012] Furthermore, the positioning mechanism includes a fixed ring, a groove is provided on the outer surface of the fixed ring, a detection rod is provided in the middle part of the fixed ring, a first slide rod is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the detection rod, a second spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the first slide rod, a washer is slidably connected to the outer surface of the first slide rod, a first button is provided on the upper surface of the support plate, and a first alarm is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the support plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the fixed ring and the support plate are fixedly connected, the first slide rod and the slide groove are slidably connected, the two ends of the detection rod are connected and both ends are chamfered, the bottom end of the detection rod is in contact with the first button and the top end of the first button is rounded, the first button and the first alarm are electrically connected, and pressing the first button controls the first alarm to sound an alarm, the second spring is located between the washer ring and the first threaded rod, the washer ring and the inner cavity of the fixed ring are slidably connected, when the support plate is located directly below the drilling mechanism, the positioning rod and the detection rod are on the same axis, and the bottom end of the positioning rod is rounded.

[0014] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes a carrying plate, a support rod fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the carrying plate, the bottom end of the support rod being fixedly connected to the upper surface of the support plate, a movable plate slidably connected to both ends of the carrying plate, a second threaded rod rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the carrying plate, a fourth motor provided on the outer surface of the carrying plate, the output end of the fourth motor being sleeved with the second threaded rod, the movable plate and the second threaded rod being threadedly connected, and the thread directions at both ends of the second threaded rod being opposite, clamping blocks symmetrically distributed on the outer surface of the movable plate, and a clamping mechanism fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the movable plate, the clamping mechanism being located between the two clamping blocks.

[0015] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism includes a second fixed block, a floating block slidably connected to the inner cavity of the second fixed block, a third spring provided in the inner cavity of the floating block, a clamping block slidably connected to the inner cavity of the floating block, second slide rods fixedly installed at both ends of the floating block, a fourth spring sleeved on the outer surface of the second slide rods, a pressing rod fixedly installed on the outer surface of the floating block, a second button provided on the outer surface of the second fixed block, and a second alarm fixedly installed on the outer surface of the second fixed block.

[0016] Furthermore, the outer surfaces of the second fixed block and the moving plate are fixedly connected, the outer surfaces of the second fixed block and the carrying plate are slidably connected, the second slide rod and the second fixed block are slidably connected, the third spring is located between the inner wall of the floating block and the clamping block, the fourth spring is located between the floating block and the second fixed block, the extrusion rod and the second button are flush, and there is a gap between the extrusion rod and the second button, the second button and the second alarm are electrically connected, and pressing the second button controls the second alarm to sound an alarm, and the second slide rod and the clamping block are slidably connected.

[0017] The technical solution provided in this application has at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0018] 1. By employing a feeding assembly, this invention effectively solves the problem of existing drilling fixtures failing to promptly clean up debris generated during drilling. Debris reduces the positioning accuracy of the fixture, and attached dust alters the fit between the fixture and the workpiece, causing misalignment of the rail washer's drilling position, diameter deviation, and even product scrapping. Furthermore, the lack of a positioning mechanism during rail washer drilling makes the fixture prone to deformation during prolonged processing, leading to inaccurate workpiece positioning and affecting the subsequent fastener assembly accuracy. This invention, through its feeding assembly, effectively... Debris is cleaned promptly, and vibration combined with a brush cleaning tool breaks the adhesion between dust and metal surfaces, allowing stubborn dust to detach from the substrate and quickly peeling off and expelling loosened dust. This not only efficiently removes surface dust but also cleans chips and stubborn dirt generated during drilling, significantly improving cleanliness and ensuring the positioning accuracy of the tool and the quality of drilling. In addition, it has a positioning mechanism to ensure the accuracy of each drilling operation and to issue an alarm in time when the tool deforms, facilitating subsequent maintenance and ensuring that the produced rail washers meet assembly requirements.

[0019] 2. By employing a clamping assembly, this invention effectively solves the problem of existing drilling fixtures lacking a stable clamping mechanism, and the difficulty in detecting workpiece displacement within the fixture. This leads to substandard workpieces entering the market. If substandard washers reach the site, the bolts will be misaligned after installation, easily loosening and stripping, reducing the rigidity of the rail connection. In severe cases, it can alter the stress distribution of the rail, causing localized additional loads on the rails, potentially leading to derailment and other major safety accidents, resulting in personal injury and property damage. This invention uses a clamping assembly to stably clamp the rail washer workpiece. When the rail washer workpiece shifts during drilling, an alarm is triggered, facilitating equipment maintenance, ensuring drilling accuracy, and preventing substandard products from entering the market, thereby guaranteeing the construction quality of the rails and the safety of personnel and property. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating frame structure in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the dust collection box structure in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning mechanism structure in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting block structure in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the gear structure in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting frame structure in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating frame structure in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the shaking mechanism structure in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the support plate in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0030] Figure 11 This is Example 1 of the present application. Figure 10 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0031] Figure 12This is a schematic diagram of the clamping component structure in Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0032] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the second threaded rod structure in Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0033] Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the clamping mechanism in Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Main body of the equipment; 2. Drilling mechanism; 3. Second motor; 4. Feeding assembly; 41. Dust collection box; 42. Rotating frame; 43. Connecting ring; 44. Protrusion; 45. Support plate; 46. Cleaning mechanism; 461. First connecting block; 462. First fixing block; 463. First threaded rod; 464. Sliding block; 465. Drive rod; 466. Storage rod; 467. Lifting rod; 468. Lifting block; 469. Drive groove; 4610. Cleaning brush; 47. Debris removal mechanism; 471. Second connecting block; 472. Connecting frame; 473. Third motor; 474. Gear frame; 475. Gear; 476. Fan; 48. Vibration mechanism; 481. Connecting plate; 482. Movable ball; 483. Elastic rod ; 484, First Spring; 49, Positioning Mechanism; 491, Fixing Ring; 492, Slide Groove; 493, Detection Rod; 494, First Slide Rod; 495, Second Spring; 496, Washer Ring; 497, First Button; 498, First Alarm; 410, Shielding Net; 411, Positioning Block; 412, Positioning Rod; 5, Clamping Assembly; 51, Carrying Plate; 52, Support Rod; 53, Moving Plate; 54, Second Threaded Rod; 55, Fourth Motor; 56, Clamping Block; 57, Clamping Mechanism; 571, Second Fixing Block; 572, Floating Block; 573, Third Spring; 574, Clamping Block; 575, Second Slide Rod; 576, Fourth Spring; 577, Pressing Rod; 578, Second Button; 579, Second Alarm. Detailed Implementation

[0035] For applications where it is difficult to promptly clean debris generated during drilling, this invention utilizes a feeding assembly to clean debris in a timely manner. Furthermore, vibration combined with a brush cleaning tool breaks the adhesion between dust and the metal surface, allowing stubborn dust to detach from the substrate and quickly peeling off and discharging loosened dust. This efficiently removes surface dust and cleans drilling chips and stubborn dirt, significantly improving cleanliness. For drilling fixtures lacking stable clamping mechanisms, this invention uses a clamping assembly to stably clamp the rail washer workpiece, and an alarm is triggered when the rail washer workpiece shifts during drilling.

[0036] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. Example 1:

[0037] Please see Figure 1 As shown, a drilling fixture for drilling rail washers includes a main body 1 and a drilling mechanism 2. The drilling mechanism 2 includes a cylinder, a limit rod, a lifting plate, a first motor, and a drill bit. The cylinder is fixedly connected to the main body 1, and a piston rod is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the cylinder. The bottom end of the piston rod is fixedly connected to the lifting plate, and the upper surface of the lifting plate is fixedly connected to the limit rod. The limit rod is slidably connected to the top wall of the main body 1. The limit rod is used to ensure the stability of the lifting plate. The first motor is located in the middle of the lifting plate, and the output end of the first motor is sleeved with the drill bit. A second motor 3 is provided in the inner cavity of the main body 1. The second motor 3 is a stepper motor, which facilitates control of the rotation cycle. A feeding assembly 4 is provided in the inner cavity of the main body 1. The outer surface of the feeding assembly 4 is equipped with a clamping assembly 5. When drilling the rail washer, the rail washer is placed in the clamping assembly 5 for clamping and fixing. The operation of the second motor 3 drives the feeding assembly 4 to transport the rail washer to the bottom of the drilling mechanism 2. At this time, the cylinder drives the piston rod to move down, and the first motor drives the drill bit to drill the rail washer. In addition, the feeding assembly 4 adopts a multi-station operation when conveying workpieces. The alternating operation of multiple stations can significantly reduce waiting time. When one station is working, other stations can prepare for the next work cycle, thereby reducing the overall production cycle. At the same time, the feeding assembly 4 can clean dust during operation, thereby ensuring the accuracy of workpiece drilling.

[0038] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 9As shown, the feeding assembly 4 includes a dust collection box 41, a rotating frame 42 rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the dust collection box 41, a connecting ring 43 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the dust collection box 41, a protrusion 44 fixedly installed on the upper surface of the connecting ring 43, a support plate 45 provided on the upper surface of the rotating frame 42, a cleaning mechanism 46 and a debris removal mechanism 47 provided on the outer surface of the equipment body 1, a shaking mechanism 48 provided on the lower surface of the support plate 45, a positioning mechanism 49 provided in the inner cavity of the support plate 45, and a shielding net 410 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the dust collection box 41. The shielding nets 410 have evenly spaced gaps to allow debris to fall through the gaps. The bottom of the dust collection box 41 can also shield the debris at the bottom of the dust collection box 41. The upper surface of the lifting plate is fixedly installed with a positioning block 411, and the lower surface of the positioning block 411 is fixedly installed with a positioning rod 412. The output end of the second motor 3 is sleeved with the rotating frame 42. The dust collection box 41 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the equipment body 1. The bottom end of the dust collection box 41 is snapped with a bottom cover, which is detachably connected to the dust collection box 41 to facilitate the processing of debris collected inside the dust collection box 41. The shielding net 410 is located below the connecting ring 43. The protrusion 44 is located on the side away from the drilling mechanism 2. There are four support plates 45 and two cleaning mechanisms 46. Regarding the debris removal mechanism 4... 7. Symmetrically distributed, when the feeding assembly 4 is conveying the workpiece, the second motor 3 drives the rotating frame 42 to rotate within the dust collection box 41. The rotation of the rotating frame 42 drives the support plate 45 to rotate, and the rotation of the support plate 45 drives the clamping assembly 5 to feed the workpiece. After drilling is completed, the second motor 3 rotates, causing the shaking mechanism 48 to pass through the protrusion 44 on the connecting ring 43. The protrusion 44 squeezes the shaking mechanism 48, causing the support plate 45 to sway up and down within the rotating frame 42. When passing through the cleaning mechanism 46, the cleaning mechanism 46 cleans the outer surface of the clamping assembly 5. When passing through the chip removal mechanism 47, the clamping assembly 5 is cleaned. The outer surface of the holding component 5 is cleaned to remove debris. After the debris is removed, it is cleaned again by the cleaning mechanism 46 to keep the outer surface of the support plate 45 clean. The debris generated during drilling falls to the bottom of the dust collection box 41. The positioning mechanism 49 is used to ensure the accuracy of the clamping component 5 during the feeding process. When the support plate 45 is conveyed to the bottom of the drilling mechanism 2, the cylinder drives the lifting plate to move down. At this time, the positioning block 411 moves down and drives the positioning rod 412 to engage with the positioning mechanism 49 to detect the accuracy of the feeding of the support plate 45. The shielding net 410 is used to prevent dust from being raised again. The bottom cover of the dust collection box 41 is opened periodically to process the collected debris.

[0039] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the cleaning mechanism 46 includes a first connecting block 461, which is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the device body 1. A first fixing block 462 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the first connecting block 461. A first threaded rod 463 is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the first fixing block 462. A slider 464 is slidably connected to the lower surface of the first fixing block 462. A drive rod 465 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the slider 464. A storage rod 466 is fixedly installed at the four corners of the lower surface of the first fixing block 462. A lifting rod 467 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the storage rod 466. A lifting block 468 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the lifting rod 467. A lifting block 468 is formed on the outer surface of the lifting block 468. A lifting block 468 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the lifting block 468. The device includes a cleaning brush 4610, a slider 464, and a first threaded rod 463 connected by threads. A drive rod 465 and a drive groove 469 are slidably connected. The lower surface of the cleaning brush 4610 is provided with bristles. When the rotating frame 42 rotates, the upper surface of the clamping assembly 5 and the bristles on the cleaning brush 4610 are in close contact. The debris removal mechanism 47 includes a second connecting block 471, which is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the device body 1. A connecting frame 472 is fixedly installed at one end of the second connecting block 471. A third motor 473 is provided on the outer surface of the connecting frame 472. A gear frame 474 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the connecting frame 472. A gear 475 is rotatably connected to the middle part of the connecting frame 472. The output end of the third motor 473 and the gear 475 are fitted together. Next, half of the gear 475 is hollowed out, and the gear 475 meshes with the gear frame 474. Fans 476 are provided at both ends of the gear frame 474. The vibration mechanism 48 includes a connecting plate 481. A movable ball 482 is movably connected to the middle part of the lower surface of the connecting plate 481. A spring rod 483 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the connecting plate 481. A first spring 484 is sleeved on the outer surface of the spring rod 483. The spring rod 483 is slidably connected to the rotating frame 42. The lower surface of the support plate 45 is in close contact with the upper surface of the rotating frame 42. The first spring 484 is located between the upper surface of the connecting plate 481 and the lower surface of the rotating frame 42. When the rotating frame 42 rotates, the movable ball 482 contacts the protrusion 44 and generates compression. The outer surface of the clamping assembly 5 is cleaned. At this time, rotating the first threaded rod 463 causes the slider 464 to slide on the lower surface of the first fixed block 462. The sliding of the slider 464 causes the drive rod 465 to slide in the inner cavity of the drive groove 469. At this time, the lifting rod 467 slides in the inner cavity of the receiving rod 466, causing the distance between the lifting block 468 and the first fixed block 462 to change. At this time, the position of the cleaning brush 4610 on the first connecting block 461 changes. By adjusting the position of the cleaning brush 4610, the bristles on the cleaning brush 4610 can brush and clean the clamping component 5 when it passes by. At the same time, four stations are used for drilling the workpiece. The sequence is a cycle of loading, drilling, removal, cleaning, and reloading. After drilling, the workpiece is taken out.At this time, the clamping assembly 5 passes the protrusion 44 on the connecting ring 43 under the rotation of the rotating frame 42. The movable ball 482 contacts the protrusion 44 and squeezes the movable ball 482, thereby driving the elastic rod 483 to slide in the inner cavity of the rotating frame 42 and squeeze the first spring 484, causing the support plate 45 to slide up and down on the rotating frame 42. That is, the clamping assembly 5 produces an up and down shaking effect, and is cleaned at the cleaning brush 4610. When drilling other workpieces, the clamping assembly 5 that needs to be cleaned passes directly below the chip removal mechanism 47. At this time, the operation of the third motor 473 drives the gear 475 to rotate. The rotation of the gear 475 drives the gear frame 474 to move back and forth in the inner cavity of the connecting frame 472, so that the fan 476 blows back and forth on the upper surface of the clamping assembly 5. The kinetic energy of the fan 476 allows it to cover a larger area, distributing airflow evenly to every corner. This effectively blows away debris hidden in equipment gaps, corners, and other hard-to-reach locations, significantly improving the overall comprehensiveness of debris removal. It also facilitates the removal of debris adhering to the outer surface of the clamping component 5. The clamping component 5 then undergoes a secondary cleaning via the cleaning mechanism 46, ensuring a clean outer surface during the material unloading process. Vibration, combined with the cleaning brush 4610, cleans debris from the tooling's outer surface, breaking the adhesion between dust and the metal surface. This allows stubborn dust to detach from the substrate, quickly peeling off and expelling loosened dust. Combined with the blowing action of the fan 476, this efficiently removes surface dust and cleans chips and stubborn dirt generated during drilling, significantly improving cleanliness and ensuring tooling positioning accuracy and drilling quality.

[0040] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the positioning mechanism 49 includes a fixed ring 491, with a groove 492 on its outer surface. A detection rod 493 is located in the middle of the fixed ring 491. A first sliding rod 494 is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the detection rod 493. A second spring 495 is sleeved on the outer surface of the first sliding rod 494. A washer 496 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the first sliding rod 494 to prevent the second spring 495 from rubbing against the fixed ring 491. A first pressing... A first alarm 498 is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of a support plate 45, a fixing ring 491 is fixedly connected to the support plate 45, a first sliding rod 494 is slidably connected to a sliding groove 492, the two ends of a detection rod 493 are connected and both ends are chamfered, the bottom end of the detection rod 493 is in contact with the first button 497, and the top end of the first button 497 is rounded, the first button 497 is electrically connected to the first alarm 498, and pressing the first button 497 controls the first alarm 498 to sound. Alarm! The second spring 495 is located between the washer 496 and the first threaded rod 463. The inner cavities of the washer 496 and the fixed ring 491 are slidably connected. When the support plate 45 is directly below the drilling mechanism 2, the positioning rod 412 and the detection rod 493 are on the same axis. The bottom end of the positioning rod 412 is rounded. When drilling the workpiece, the cylinder drives the lifting plate to move down. At this time, the positioning block 411 drives the positioning rod 412 to move down, so that the positioning rod 412 and the detection rod 493 are engaged. When the clamping assembly... When the positioning of the drill bit and the positioning rod 412 deviates, the positioning rod 412 presses against the chamfer of the detection rod 493. At this time, the detection rod 493 deviates in the inner cavity of the fixing ring 491, causing the first slide rod 494 to slide in the inner cavity of the slide groove 492 and press against the second spring 495. The deviation of the detection rod 493 causes the bottom end of the detection rod 493 to press against the first button 497, causing the first alarm 498 to sound an alarm to facilitate subsequent maintenance and ensure that the produced rail washers meet the assembly requirements. Example 2:

[0041] Please see Figure 12 and Figure 13As shown, the clamping assembly 5 includes a carrying plate 51. A support rod 52 is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the carrying plate 51. The bottom end of the support rod 52 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the support plate 45. Moving plates 53 are slidably connected to both ends of the carrying plate 51. A second threaded rod 54 is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the carrying plate 51. A fourth motor 55 is provided on the outer surface of the carrying plate 51. The output end of the fourth motor 55 is sleeved with the second threaded rod 54. The moving plate 53 and the second threaded rod 54 are connected by threads, and the thread directions at both ends of the second threaded rod 54 are opposite. The outer surface of the moving plate 53 is symmetrical. The moving plate 53 is fixedly mounted with a clamping mechanism 57 on its outer surface, which is located between the two clamping blocks 56. When clamping the rail washer, the rail washer is placed in the middle of the carrying plate 51. The operation of the fourth motor 55 drives the second threaded rod 54 to rotate in the inner cavity of the carrying plate 51, so that the moving plate 53 slides on the carrying plate 51. At this time, the clamping blocks 56 and the clamping mechanism 57 clamp and fix the rail washer. The clamping mechanism 57 can immediately issue an alarm when the rail washer deviates, so as to prevent unqualified products from entering the market.

[0042] Please see Figure 12 and Figure 14As shown, the clamping mechanism 57 includes a second fixed block 571, a floating block 572 slidably connected to the inner cavity of the second fixed block 571, a third spring 573 disposed in the inner cavity of the floating block 572, a clamping block 574 slidably connected to the inner cavity of the floating block 572, second slide rods 575 fixedly mounted at both ends of the floating block 572, a fourth spring 576 sleeved on the outer surface of the second slide rods 575, a pressing rod 577 fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the floating block 572, a second button 578 disposed on the outer surface of the second fixed block 571, and a second alarm fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the second fixed block 571. 579, wherein the alarm sounds of the second alarm 579 and the first alarm 498 are different, making it easier to distinguish problems and perform quick maintenance; the outer surface of the second fixed block 571 and the moving plate 53 are fixedly connected; the outer surface of the second fixed block 571 and the carrying plate 51 are slidably connected; the second slide rod 575 and the second fixed block 571 are slidably connected; the third spring 573 is located between the inner wall of the floating block 572 and the clamping block 574; the fourth spring 576 is located between the floating block 572 and the second fixed block 571; the pressing rod 577 and the second button 578 are at the same height, and the pressing rod 577 and the second button 578 are at the same height. Button 578 has a gap. The second button 578 and the second alarm 579 are electrically connected, and pressing the second button 578 controls the second alarm 579 to sound an alarm. The second slide bar 575 and the clamping block 56 are slidably connected. The rail washer is double-clamped by the clamping block 56 and the clamping mechanism 57. During the clamping process, the clamping block 574 first contacts the rail washer workpiece. As the moving plates 53 continue to move closer to each other, the clamping block 574 slides in the inner cavity of the floating block 572 and compresses the third spring 573 until the clamping block 56 and the rail washer are in tight contact. When the rail washer is in the drill hole... When a deviation occurs, due to the flexible clamping of the clamping mechanism 57, the rail washer shifts, causing the clamping block 574 to move. At this time, the floating block 572 slides in the inner cavity of the second fixed block 571, causing the second slide rod 575 to slide in the inner cavity of the second fixed block 571 and compress the fourth spring 576. Simultaneously, the movement of the floating block 572 causes the compression rod 577 to compress the second button 578, causing the second alarm 579 to sound an alarm. This facilitates equipment maintenance, ensures drilling accuracy, and prevents substandard products from entering the market, thereby ensuring the construction quality of the track and the safety of personnel and property.

[0043] In summary, when drilling the rail washer, the rail washer is placed in the clamping assembly 5 for clamping and fixing. The second motor 3 drives the feeding assembly 4 to transport the rail washer directly below the drilling mechanism 2. While the feeding assembly 4 is transporting the workpiece, the second motor 3 drives the rotating frame 42 to rotate within the dust collection box 41. The rotation of the rotating frame 42 drives the support plate 45 to rotate, and the rotation of the support plate 45 drives the clamping assembly 5 to feed the workpiece. After drilling is completed, the second motor 3 rotates, causing the shaking mechanism 48 to pass over the protrusion 44 on the connecting ring 43. The protrusion 44 squeezes the shaking mechanism 48, causing the support plate 45 to sway up and down within the rotating frame 42. When passing the cleaning mechanism 46, the cleaning mechanism 46 cleans the outer surface of the clamping assembly 5. When passing the desiccant mechanism 47, the outer surface of the clamping assembly 5 is desiccant. After desiccant removal, it passes through the cleaning mechanism 46 again for secondary cleaning, making the process smoother and more efficient. The outer surface of the support plate 45 is kept clean, allowing drilling debris to fall to the bottom of the dust collection box 41. The positioning mechanism 49 ensures the accuracy of the clamping assembly 5 during feeding. When the support plate 45 is conveyed directly below the drilling mechanism 2, the cylinder drives the lifting plate to move downwards. At this time, the positioning block 411 moves downwards and drives the positioning rod 412 to engage with the positioning mechanism 49, which is used to detect the accuracy of feeding the support plate 45. The shielding net 410 is used to prevent dust from being stirred up again and to periodically empty the dust collection box 41. The bottom cover of 1 is opened to process the collected debris. When clamping the rail washer, the rail washer is placed in the middle of the carrying plate 51. The operation of the fourth motor 55 drives the second threaded rod 54 to rotate in the inner cavity of the carrying plate 51, so that the moving plate 53 slides on the carrying plate 51. At this time, the clamping block 56 and the clamping mechanism 57 clamp and fix the rail washer. The clamping mechanism 57 can immediately issue an alarm when the rail washer deviates, to prevent unqualified products from entering the market.

[0044] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

[0045] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present application, based on the technical solution and concept of the present application, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A drilling tool for drilling a rail washer, comprising a device body (1) and a drilling mechanism (2), the drilling mechanism (2) comprising a pneumatic cylinder, a limiting rod, a lifting plate, a first motor and a drill bit, characterized in that, The inner cavity of the main body (1) of the equipment is provided with a second motor (3), the inner cavity of the main body (1) of the equipment is provided with a feeding assembly (4), and the outer surface of the feeding assembly (4) is provided with a clamping assembly (5). The feeding assembly (4) includes a dust collection box (41), a rotating frame (42) is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the dust collection box (41), a connecting ring (43) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the dust collection box (41), a protrusion (44) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the connecting ring (43), a support plate (45) is provided on the upper surface of the rotating frame (42), a cleaning mechanism (46) is provided on the outer surface of the equipment body (1), a debris removal mechanism (47) is provided on the outer surface of the equipment body (1), a shaking mechanism (48) is provided on the lower surface of the support plate (45), a positioning mechanism (49) is provided in the inner cavity of the support plate (45), a shielding net (410) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the dust collection box (41), gaps are evenly provided between the shielding nets (410), a positioning block (411) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the lifting plate, and a positioning rod (412) is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the positioning block (411).

2. The drilling fixture for drilling rail washers as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cylinder and the main body of the equipment (1) are fixedly connected. The piston rod is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the cylinder. The bottom end of the piston rod is fixedly connected to the lifting plate. The upper surface of the lifting plate is fixedly connected to the limiting rod. The limiting rod is slidably connected to the top wall of the main body of the equipment (1). The first motor is located in the middle part of the lifting plate. The output end of the first motor is sleeved with the drill bit. The output end of the second motor (3) is sleeved with the rotating frame (42). The dust collection box (41) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the main body of the equipment (1). The bottom end of the dust collection box (41) is fitted with a bottom cover. The shielding net (410) is located below the connecting ring (43). The protrusion (44) is located on the side away from the drilling mechanism (2). There are four support plates (45). There are two cleaning mechanisms (46), which are symmetrically distributed about the debris removal mechanism (47).

3. The drilling fixture for drilling rail washers as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning mechanism (46) includes a first connecting block (461), which is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the device body (1). A first fixing block (462) is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the first connecting block (461). A first threaded rod (463) is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the first fixing block (462). A slider (464) is slidably connected to the lower surface of the first fixing block (462). A drive rod (465) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the slider (464). Storage rods (466) are fixedly installed at the four corners of the lower surface of the first fixing block (462). 6) The inner cavity is slidably connected to a lifting rod (467), and a lifting block (468) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the lifting rod (467). The outer surface of the lifting block (468) is provided with a lifting block (468), and a cleaning brush (4610) is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the lifting block (468). The slider (464) and the first threaded rod (463) are connected by threads. The drive rod (465) and the drive groove (469) are slidably connected. The lower surface of the cleaning brush (4610) is provided with bristles. When the rotating frame (42) rotates, the upper surface of the clamping component (5) and the bristles on the cleaning brush (4610) are in close contact.

4. The drilling fixture for drilling rail washers as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The debris removal mechanism (47) includes a second connecting block (471), which is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the main body (1). A connecting frame (472) is fixedly installed at one end of the second connecting block (471). A third motor (473) is provided on the outer surface of the connecting frame (472). A gear frame (474) is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the connecting frame (472). A gear (475) is rotatably connected to the middle part of the connecting frame (472). The output end of the third motor (473) is sleeved with the gear (475). Half of the gear (475) is hollowed out. The gear (475) meshes with the gear frame (474). Fans (476) are provided at both ends of the gear frame (474).

5. A drilling fixture for drilling rail washers as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The shaking mechanism (48) includes a connecting plate (481), a movable ball (482) is movably connected to the middle part of the lower surface of the connecting plate (481), a spring rod (483) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the connecting plate (481), a first spring (484) is sleeved on the outer surface of the spring rod (483), the spring rod (483) and the rotating frame (42) are slidably connected, the lower surface of the support plate (45) and the upper surface of the rotating frame (42) are in close contact, the first spring (484) is located between the upper surface of the connecting plate (481) and the lower surface of the rotating frame (42), when the rotating frame (42) rotates, the movable ball (482) and the protrusion (44) contact and generate compression.

6. The drilling fixture for drilling rail washers as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning mechanism (49) includes a fixed ring (491), a groove (492) is provided on the outer surface of the fixed ring (491), a detection rod (493) is provided in the middle part of the fixed ring (491), a first slide rod (494) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the detection rod (493), a second spring (495) is sleeved on the outer surface of the first slide rod (494), a washer ring (496) is slidably connected on the outer surface of the first slide rod (494), a first button (497) is provided on the upper surface of the support plate (45), and a first alarm (498) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the support plate (45).

7. A drilling fixture for drilling rail washers as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The fixed ring (491) and the support plate (45) are fixedly connected. The first slide rod (494) and the slide groove (492) are slidably connected. The two ends of the detection rod (493) are connected and both ends are chamfered. The bottom end of the detection rod (493) is in contact with the first button (497) and the top end of the first button (497) is rounded. The first button (497) and the first alarm (498) are electrically connected. Pressing the first button (497) controls the first alarm (498) to sound an alarm. The second spring (495) is located between the washer ring (496) and the first threaded rod (463). The washer ring (496) and the inner cavity of the fixed ring (491) are slidably connected. When the support plate (45) is located directly below the drilling mechanism (2), the positioning rod (412) and the detection rod (493) are located on the same axis. The bottom end of the positioning rod (412) is rounded.

8. A drilling fixture for drilling rail washers as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping assembly (5) includes a carrying plate (51), a support rod (52) is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the carrying plate (51), the bottom end of the support rod (52) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the support plate (45), a moving plate (53) is slidably connected to both ends of the carrying plate (51), a second threaded rod (54) is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the carrying plate (51), a fourth motor (55) is provided on the outer surface of the carrying plate (51), the output end of the fourth motor (55) is sleeved with the second threaded rod (54), the moving plate (53) and the second threaded rod (54) are connected by threads, and the thread directions at both ends of the second threaded rod (54) are opposite, clamping blocks (56) are symmetrically distributed on the outer surface of the moving plate (53), and a clamping mechanism (57) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the moving plate (53), the clamping mechanism (57) is located between the two clamping blocks (56).

9. A drilling fixture for drilling rail washers as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism (57) includes a second fixed block (571), a floating block (572) is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the second fixed block (571), a third spring (573) is provided in the inner cavity of the floating block (572), a clamping block (574) is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the floating block (572), a second slide rod (575) is fixedly installed at both ends of the floating block (572), a fourth spring (576) is sleeved on the outer surface of the second slide rod (575), a pressing rod (577) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the floating block (572), a second button (578) is provided on the outer surface of the second fixed block (571), and a second alarm (579) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the second fixed block (571).

10. A drilling fixture for drilling rail washers as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The outer surfaces of the second fixed block (571) and the moving plate (53) are fixedly connected, the outer surfaces of the second fixed block (571) and the carrying plate (51) are slidably connected, the second slide rod (575) and the second fixed block (571) are slidably connected, the third spring (573) is located between the inner wall of the floating block (572) and the clamping block (574), the fourth spring (576) is located between the floating block (572) and the second fixed block (571), the extrusion rod (577) and the second button (578) are flush, and there is a gap between the extrusion rod (577) and the second button (578), the second button (578) and the second alarm (579) are electrically connected, and pressing the second button (578) controls the second alarm (579) to sound an alarm, and the second slide rod (575) and the clamping block (56) are slidably connected.

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