A method for rapid switching and collaborative control of small power supplies, an edge computing terminal, and a storage medium.

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of distributed power supply control technology, specifically involving a method for rapid coordinated control of small power supply switching, an edge computing terminal, and a storage medium. When a power grid fault occurs, the loss-of-power area is located, and the real-time load power gap caused by the power grid fault within that area is calculated. Based on the switching capacity of all controllable small power supplies to be switched and the real-time load power gap being met, the optimal set of controllable small power supplies to be switched is obtained with the objective of minimizing the weighted sum of the deviation term and the cost term. The deviation term is the absolute value of the difference between the switching capacity and the real-time load power gap, and the cost term is the total switching cost of all controllable small power supplies to be switched, determined according to the switching priority. This invention can prioritize the switching of less important (lower cost) small power supplies while satisfying power balance, maximizing the continued grid connection of critical power supplies, effectively avoiding over-switching while reducing power outage losses.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of distributed power control technology, specifically relating to a method for rapid switching and collaborative control of small power supplies, an edge computing terminal, and a storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] With the large-scale integration of distributed energy sources (such as small hydropower, photovoltaic, and wind power) into the power grid, the potential for backfeeding and asynchronous switching during grid faults poses a serious threat to grid security. One of the key aspects of ensuring the smooth activation of backup power after a fault is the rapid and accurate disconnection of small power sources within the fault area (i.e., "small power source disconnection").

[0003] Currently, mainstream failover control relies on centralized decision-making by the scheduling master station. The typical process is: the plant detects a fault and uploads the information to the master station → the master station analyzes and calculates based on the network-wide model → the master station generates control commands and sends them to the plant for execution. This model inherently suffers from latency bottlenecks. 1) Increased round-trip time: Fault information and instructions need to be transmitted over long distances through multi-level communication networks, with communication delays reaching hundreds of milliseconds to seconds.

[0004] 2) Long decision-making time for the main station: The main station needs to process massive amounts of data from the entire network, and the analysis and decision-making process is complex, usually taking tens of seconds.

[0005] 3) System reliability is limited by communication: once the communication between the master station and the plant is interrupted, the control function will fail.

[0006] 4) Rigid control strategies: mostly based on preset static setpoints and simple logic, unable to adapt to real-time changes in the power grid status, easily leading to "over-cutting" or "under-cutting".

[0007] Chinese invention patent application CN120498104A, published on August 15, 2025, discloses a method for switching small power sources in a network-based self-switching topology when power is lost. This method can monitor changes in node status in real time and use complex mathematical calculations to focus on the precise location of the power loss area. However, it does not provide much detail on how to switch and which small power sources to switch, and there is still a possibility of "over-switching". Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for rapid switching and collaborative control of small power supplies, an edge computing terminal, and a storage medium to solve the problem of over-switching that may exist in existing methods.

[0009] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the first aspect of this invention provides a method for rapid switching and coordinated control of small power supplies, the method comprising: 1) When a power grid fault occurs, locate the power loss area and calculate the real-time load power gap in the power loss area caused by the power grid fault; 2) Based on the real-time switchable capacity of all controllable small power sources and the preset switching priority reflecting the importance of the small power sources, and on the basis of the switching capacity of all controllable small power sources to be switched and the real-time power gap of the load, the optimal set of controllable small power sources to be switched is obtained with the objective of minimizing the weighted sum of the deviation term and the cost term; the deviation term is the absolute value of the difference between the switching capacity and the real-time power gap of the load, and the cost term is the total switching cost of all controllable small power sources to be switched according to the switching priority. 3) Send the obtained optimal set of controllable small power sources to be cut to the corresponding power terminal controller.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the cost term is ΣW i W i The priority for cutting off the i-th controllable small power source.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the real-time load power gap is calculated as follows: identify the set of loads that have lost power due to a fault, and obtain the sum of the historical baseline values ​​of the active power of each load that lost power due to the fault at the instant before the fault occurred; identify the set of remaining loads that are still energized after the fault, and obtain the sum of the current active power of each remaining load; calculate the sum of the historical baseline values ​​of active power minus the sum of the current active power, and the difference obtained is the real-time load power gap.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the method to determine whether a fault has occurred in the power grid under its jurisdiction is to obtain the position change signal of the relay protection output switch and the corresponding protection action signal, and confirm the occurrence of the fault event based on the topology association rules.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the objective function corresponding to the objective is set as: minF=min(|ΣC i -P gap |+α*ΣW i ) In the formula, min represents minimization, and C i ΣC represents the real-time switchable capacity of the i-th controllable small power source to be cut off; i The sum of the cut-off capacities for all controllable small power sources to be cut; P gap α represents the real-time power deficit of the load; α is the adjustable balance coefficient.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the algorithm for finding the optimal set of controllable small power sources to be cut off is a greedy algorithm.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the optimal set of controllable small power sources to be cut off is sent to the corresponding power terminal controller as follows: a specific remote control command sequence is generated based on the optimal set of controllable small power sources to be cut off, and a safety verification is performed on the remote control command sequence; after the safety verification is passed, the command is sent to the corresponding power terminal controller.

[0016] To address the aforementioned technical problems, a second aspect of the present invention provides an edge computing terminal, including a processor, the processor being configured to execute a computer program to implement the steps of the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect of the present invention.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the edge computing terminal has a 5G communication interface for communicating with the power terminal controller, and is configured with a dedicated network slice to send data to the corresponding power terminal controller.

[0018] To address the aforementioned technical problems, a third aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect of the present invention.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Facing situations where grid faults cause significant load losses, this invention introduces real-time power gap calculation and a multi-objective optimization strategy, employing a selection mechanism based on real-time switchable capacity and priority to perform small power source disconnection. Specifically, considering that not all controllable small power sources can be quickly disconnected or have their output reduced at any time, the invention uses preset switchable priorities to prioritize the disconnection of less important (lower cost) small power sources while maintaining power balance. This maximizes the protection of critical power sources, ensuring their continued grid connection and effectively avoiding over-disconnection while reducing power outage losses. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-layer architecture of the system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the internal functional modules of the edge computing terminal of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an overall flowchart of the small power supply rapid switching and collaborative control method of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a hardware architecture diagram of the edge computing terminal of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] This invention introduces real-time power gap calculation and multi-objective optimization strategies, and performs small power supply switching based on a real-time switchable capacity and priority selection mechanism. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] An implementation method for a fast switching and collaborative control method for small power supplies: The present invention provides a method for rapid switching and coordinated control of small power supplies, the process of which is as follows: Step 1: When a fault occurs in the power grid under its jurisdiction, initiate the decision-making process to execute steps 2 through 4.

[0023] Step 2: Locate the power outage area and calculate the real-time power deficit caused by the power grid fault within the power outage area.

[0024] Step 3: Based on the real-time switchable capacity of all controllable small power sources and the preset cut-off priority reflecting the importance of the small power sources, and on the basis of the cut-off capacity of all controllable small power sources to be cut off and satisfying the above-mentioned real-time power gap of the load, the optimal set of controllable small power sources to be cut off is obtained with the objective of minimizing the weighted sum of the deviation term and the cost term; where the deviation term is the absolute value of the difference between the cut-off capacity and the real-time power gap of the load, and the cost term is the total cost of cutting off all controllable small power sources to be cut off as determined according to the cut-off priority.

[0025] Step four: Send the obtained optimal set of controllable small power sources to be cut to the corresponding power terminal controller, so that the power terminal controller can execute the command.

[0026] This invention aims to address emergency situations where the system experiences overcapacity and drastic frequency changes after a large load loss due to a grid fault. Therefore, this invention introduces real-time power gap calculation and a multi-objective optimization strategy to achieve rapid and accurate supply-demand balance, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the grid. First, the real-time load power gap is accurately calculated, serving as the quantitative basis for all subsequent control actions. The size of the gap directly determines how much generating capacity needs to be cut off to avoid excessive frequency increases. Then, considering that not all controllable small power sources can be quickly cut off or have their output reduced at any time, and that different small power sources have varying importance, economic viability, and regulation capabilities, a preset cutoff priority (e.g., based on power source type, environmental indicators, economic costs, and grid support) allows this invention to prioritize the cutoff of less important (lower-cost) small power sources while maintaining power balance, maximizing the continued grid connection of critical power sources. This achieves a leap from "coarse cutoff" relying on static setpoints to "precise matching and optimization" based on real-time conditions, effectively avoiding over- or under-cutting. This selection mechanism based on real-time cutoff capacity and priority avoids a crude "one-size-fits-all" approach to power generation. For example, when the power outage is small, only some of the flexible, small power sources may be disconnected; when the outage is large, lower-priority units will be disconnected in sequence. This layered and graded optimization strategy ensures both technical feasibility and reduces power outage losses.

[0027] Specifically, the timeline for determining whether a fault has occurred in the power grid under its jurisdiction in step one is as follows: t=0ms: A permanent fault has occurred on a certain line; t=t1ms: The line protection device operates, the relay protection output switch trips, and the protection operation signal is issued at the same time; t=t2ms: Through its local monitoring module, it collects the "position" change signal of the output switch and the corresponding protection action signal in real time, and confirms the "fault in a certain line" event based on the built-in topology association rules, and immediately starts the rapid decision-making process.

[0028] As can be seen from the above process, the use of multi-source information citation when confirming a fault requires that the protection action signal and the switch position change signal occur simultaneously, mutually corroborating each other. This effectively eliminates false alarms caused by a single abnormal signal source or false alarm. Simultaneously, topology association rules are introduced to further confirm the fault area, ensuring logical consistency in the electrical connection between switch position change and protection action (e.g., a line protection action occurs and both switches on both sides of that line change position). This avoids misjudgments caused by timing discrepancies or cross-regional signal interference, significantly improving the reliability of fault event identification.

[0029] Specifically, the calculation method for the real-time power deficit of the load in step two is as follows: 21) Identify the set A of loads that lost power due to a fault, and obtain the sum of the historical baseline values ​​of the active power of each load that lost power due to a fault at the instant before the fault occurred, denoted as ΣP. A_historical .

[0030] 22) Identify the set B of remaining loads that are still energized after the fault, and obtain the sum of the current active power of each remaining load, denoted as ΣP. B_current .

[0031] 23) Calculate ΣP A_historical Subtract ΣP B_current The difference obtained is the real-time power deficit P of the load. gap : P gap =ΣP A_historical -ΣP B_current The core contribution of the above formula used in steps 21) to 23) is that by subtracting the "real-time power of the remaining load", the power gap is dynamically corrected, which fundamentally avoids the "over-cutting" problem caused by the natural decrease in load power after ignoring the fault.

[0032] Specifically, step three, obtaining the optimal set of controllable small power sources to be removed, includes the following steps: 31) Obtain the real-time switchable capacity C of all controllable small power sources. i and the preset resection weight Wi .

[0033] 32) Construct and solve a constrained optimization problem: find a set G of small power sources to be cut off. cut , such that when Σ(C) is satisfied i ,i∈G cut )≥P gap Under the constraint of sufficient capacity, the objective function F is minimized. The objective function F is defined as: F=|ΣC i -P gap |+α*ΣW i In the formula, the first term |ΣC i -P gap |The goal is to achieve a precise match between the resection volume and the nick, the second term ΣW i The goal is to minimize the total cost of power cuts (prioritizing the cuts of less important power sources). α is an adjustable balance coefficient that can be adjusted according to the actual situation.

[0034] 33) An efficient algorithm is used to solve the problem in milliseconds to obtain the optimal cut-off set G. cut The most efficient algorithm here is a greedy algorithm.

[0035] Step four involves sending the obtained optimal set of controllable small power sources to be cut to the corresponding power terminal controller. The specific process includes: 41) Generate a specific remote control command sequence based on the optimal set of controllable small power sources to be cut off.

[0036] 42) Perform local security verification on the generated remote control command sequence, and send it to the target small power terminal controller only after the security verification is passed.

[0037] The processes described in steps 41) to 42) directly map the optimal cut-off set to a sequence of instructions, shortening the time from decision-making to execution and meeting the speed requirements of power grid emergency control. Furthermore, before issuing the instruction sequence, real-time verification is performed using locally stored error-prevention logic rules (such as "five-prevention" interlocking, equipment status mutual exclusion, and operation sequence constraints) to ensure that each operation complies with power safety regulations. This eliminates reliance on a remote master station; the system can independently complete verification and execute instructions locally, improving the survivability of the control system. This solution integrates automatic generation and safety verification of control instructions, significantly improving the speed, accuracy, and reliability of power grid emergency control while ensuring absolute operational safety. It is a crucial component of intelligent power system control.

[0038] To achieve closed-loop control of the entire process, step five can be added based on steps one through four above.

[0039] Step 5: Receive the execution results from the power terminal controller and combine them with the grid status monitoring results to determine whether a new decision is needed. If no new decision is needed, i.e., it is confirmed that the real-time power shortage of the load has been eliminated, execute the preset power restoration logic and report the entire process information summary to the main station.

[0040] If there is only a transmission record without feedback, dispatchers cannot distinguish whether it is a communication interruption, terminal refusal to operate, or successful execution. Feedback information eliminates this uncertainty, avoiding duplicate instruction transmission or delays in fault handling due to misjudgment. Step five above receives execution feedback from the terminal, clearly indicating whether the instruction was successfully executed. This solves the open-loop problem of "instruction sent, but result unknown," providing a deterministic basis for subsequent operations. Combined with step five, the entire process of "fault perception - decision-making - disconnection - recovery" is completed, achieving information closure.

[0041] The aforementioned method for rapid switching and collaborative control of small power supplies can be deployed in the edge computing layer of a three-level collaborative control architecture system of "master station-edge-terminal". The following section combines... Figure 1 Introduce the system.

[0042] 1. Main Station Layer: Deployed in the scheduling center, used for global policy management and coordination. Specifically includes: ① The global strategy management module is used to formulate and distribute the rule base of interconnection and disconnection strategies under different fault scenarios to each edge computing layer. The power grid operation modes here include: grid-connected operation mode, islanded operation mode, and standby automatic transfer (SALT) mode. The interconnection and disconnection strategy rules differ under different operation modes: Under grid-connected operation mode, the goal of interconnection and disconnection is to accurately match the power gap and prioritize disconnecting smaller power sources with lower weights to minimize power outage losses; Under islanded operation mode, the goal of interconnection and disconnection is to maintain the power balance within the island, and a higher weight threshold needs to be set according to the importance level of the loads within the island to prioritize ensuring the power supply of critical loads; Under standby automatic transfer (SALT) mode, interconnection and disconnection must be completed before the SALT operation, with stricter time constraints (such as requiring disconnection to be completed within 350ms), and the disconnection capacity must be coordinated with the power balance after the SALT is put into operation.

[0043] ② Edge node coordination module, used for configuration and overall coordination when the system starts up, the topology changes, or multiple edge nodes need to coordinate across regions.

[0044] 2. Edge Computing Layer: Composed of edge computing nodes deployed in key substations, used for real-time monitoring of the local power grid status, rapid fault decision-making, and generation of control commands. Each node is the core of local control, including: ① Local monitoring module: Real-time collection of electrical quantities, switch status, protection signals and topology information of this station and the downstream power grid.

[0045] ② Fast Decision Engine: This is the core module of the invention, used to autonomously generate small power source switching control commands within 500 milliseconds based on local real-time information after a power grid fault is detected. Its decision-making process employs the accurate power gap calculation model and optimized decision-making model proposed in this invention.

[0046] ③ Security Verification Module: Performs local anti-misoperation interlocking logic verification on the instruction sequence generated by the fast decision engine. Only after the verification is passed can the instruction be issued.

[0047] ④ 5G Communication Gateway: Through a 5G network with network slicing capabilities, it communicates with the terminal control layer with ultra-low latency (<20ms) and high reliability for command issuance and status feedback, ensuring ultra-low latency and high reliability of control command transmission.

[0048] 3. Terminal control layer: This includes various types of terminals such as small hydropower terminals, photovoltaic station terminals, and wind power terminals. Each terminal consists of an intelligent terminal controller deployed at each small power grid connection point and has a built-in 5G communication module for receiving and executing remote control commands from edge computing nodes.

[0049] The aforementioned edge computing layer and the main station layer establish a communication channel via a dedicated fiber optic / power communication network to complete policy distribution and status reporting. The edge computing layer and the terminal control layer establish a direct control channel via a 5G communication network, forming a control closed loop with millisecond-level response.

[0050] The following section applies the above method to a millisecond-level rapid switching control scenario in the 220kV Wengle line of the Shennongjia power grid to illustrate the complete process of the method of the present invention. Specifically, the complete workflow of the system of the present invention is described using an actual permanent line fault that occurred in the power grid. The initial operation mode of the power grid is as follows: Figure 1 As shown: The 220kV Leyi substation is connected to the main grid through the Wengle line. Its 110kV busbar supplies power to multiple downstream substations (such as Songluo substation and Tangfang substation), and the Le111 switch of the 110kV Lema line is in hot standby mode.

[0051] In the traditional centralized control mode of the main station, the handling process for this fault is as follows: A fault occurs on the Weng Le line → the relay protection trips the Le 226 switch (approximately 50ms) → the fault information is transmitted via the substation and communication network to the dispatching main station tens of kilometers away (total delay approximately 200-500ms) → the main station's D5000 system analyzes the fault impact based on the whole network model and matches preset strategies (analysis and decision-making time approximately 30-60 seconds) → generates joint switching and automatic backup transfer commands and sends them to the relevant substations (approximately 200-500ms) → each station executes the commands (approximately 200ms). The entire process takes 2 to 5 minutes, resulting in slow fault recovery and significant safety risks to the power grid during this period.

[0052] After adopting the system of this invention, the control process undergoes a fundamental change. The specific steps are as follows, and the entire process is as follows: Figure 3 As shown: S1: Policy pre-configuration and synchronization: The master station layer distributes the connection switching policy rule base to the edge computing layer, and the edge computing layer establishes a 5G communication connection with the terminal control layer.

[0053] S2: Local real-time monitoring and fault detection, and execute S3 when a fault is confirmed to be detected; otherwise, re-execute S1.

[0054] t=0ms: A permanent fault has occurred on the 220kV Wengle line.

[0055] t=30ms: The line protection device activates, the Le226 switch trips, and the protection activation signal is issued simultaneously.

[0056] At t=50ms: The edge computing node deployed at the 220kV Leyi substation collects the "position change" signal of the Le226 switch and the corresponding "high-frequency protection grounding distance I-stage exit" protection action signal in real time through its local monitoring module. Based on the built-in topology association rules, the node instantly confirms the "220kV Wengle line fault" event and immediately initiates a rapid decision-making process.

[0057] S3: Edge computing nodes make fault decisions.

[0058] Step S3 involves real-time data acquisition at the edge and accurate calculation of the power gap (50 ms to 120 ms) and generation and solution of the optimal shunting strategy (120 ms to 180 ms).

[0059] S31: Fault Area Identification: Based on the tripping event of the Le226 switch and the power grid topology, the fast decision engine automatically determines that the 110kV bus and its feeders supplying power to its downstream are de-energized. All affected load points (e.g., some loads of Songluo Substation, Tangfang Substation, Yangri Substation, etc.) are defined as the de-energized load set A, and the loads still supplied by other power sources are defined as the remaining load set B.

[0060] S32: Power Reference Acquisition: Read the average active power value of all loads in set A within 1 second before the fault from the local cache, denoted as P. A_historical For example, ΣP is obtained by summation. A_historical =50MW.

[0061] Real-time power calculation: Obtain the current real-time active power value of all loads in set B, denoted as P. B_current Real-time monitoring revealed that due to a voltage dip caused by the fault, the load power of some motors decreased. Summing these values ​​yielded ΣP. B_current =38MW.

[0062] Power deficit calculation: Substitute the above data into the core calculation formula: P gap =ΣP A_historical -ΣP B_current =50MW-38MW=12MW At this point (t=120ms), the system has completed the accurate calculation of the 12 MW real-time power gap in the power grid. Compared with traditional methods that use static setpoints (such as 50MW), this method avoids the risk of over-cutting due to ignoring the decline in residual load power.

[0063] S33: Generation and Solution of Optimal Joint Cutting Strategy: Fast Decision Engine Based on P gap With a result of 12MW, the optimization decision-making process is initiated: S331: Obtain the list of controllable resources: Query the local database to obtain a list of all distributed small power sources within the current jurisdiction that are in a "remotely controllable, non-interlocked" state. Assume there are 5 available power sources, and their attributes are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1 S332: Solving the optimization model: The goal is to satisfy C sum Given a power supply capacity of ≥12MW, select one combination G from the five power sources. cut This makes the objective function F=|C sum -12|+α*ΣW i Minimum. In this example, the adjustable balance coefficient α is set to 0.1.

[0064] A greedy algorithm is used, prioritizing the power source with the smallest weight.

[0065] Iteration 1: Select power source 1 (C1=10MW, W1=1), C sum =10MW, F1=|10-12|+0.1*1=2.1, which does not meet the capacity constraint.

[0066] Iteration 2: Add power source 2 (C2=5MW, W2=1), C sum =15MW, F2=|15-12|+0.1*(1+1)=3.2, which satisfies the capacity constraint.

[0067] Iteration 3 (Comparison): Try replacing power source 2 with power source 3 (C3=2MW, W3=2). Combine {1,3} with C... sum =12MW, F3=|12-12|+0.1*(1+2)=0.3. This scheme has a perfect capacity match (deviation is 0), and the total weight cost (0.3) is lower than the 3.2 of scheme {1,2}.

[0068] Decision output: After rapid calculation, the optimal solution is G.cut ={Power source 1, Power source 3}, that is, cutting off small hydropower A (10MW) and distributed photovoltaic C (2MW), with a total cut-off capacity of 12MW, which perfectly matches the power gap and avoids the high-weight power sources 4 and 5.

[0069] S333: Generate control sequence: according to G cut Generate a specific remote control command sequence: [Control the small hydropower A switch, control the distributed photovoltaic C switch].

[0070] S4: Security verification and 5G ultra-low latency command issuance (180 milliseconds to 200 milliseconds).

[0071] The generated instruction sequence is first checked by the local security verification module to prevent errors, and is confirmed to be error-free.

[0072] After successful verification, the command is received by the 5G communication gateway at the edge node. The gateway simultaneously packages and sends out the two "control distribution" commands through a dedicated 5G network slice channel allocated for power control services. Thanks to the uRLLC (ultra-reliable low-latency communication) characteristics of 5G, the end-to-end latency from the command being sent by the gateway to its arrival at the two small power supply-side terminal controllers is controlled within 20 milliseconds.

[0073] S5: Terminal parallel execution and status feedback (200ms to 350ms). If the power gap is eliminated, execute S6; otherwise, execute S3.

[0074] Around t=220ms: The terminal controllers of the small hydropower station A and the distributed photovoltaic power station C receive the "control and distribution" command almost simultaneously through their built-in 5G communication modules.

[0075] Before t=350ms: The two terminal controllers successfully drove the local circuit breakers to complete the tripping operation. Small hydropower A (10MW) and photovoltaic C (2MW) were precisely disconnected, with a total disconnection of 12MW. After the operation was completed, the terminal controllers immediately fed back the "switch has been tripped" confirmation signal to the Leyi substation edge node through the 5G network.

[0076] S6: Power balance recovery and system closed loop (350 ms to 500 ms).

[0077] After receiving the success feedback, the edge computing node confirms the real-time power gap P. gap The issue has been resolved. Subsequently (or after confirmation by the dispatcher in semi-closed-loop mode), the preset power restoration logic is automatically executed: the 110kV Lema Line Le111 switch is closed, and power is restored to the de-energized 110kV busbar by the backup line.

[0078] t=500ms: Power restoration operation completed, and power supply restored to loads in non-faulty areas. At the same time, the edge computing node uploads summary information such as action events, waveform data, and final status of the entire "fault perception-decision-connection-restore" process to the dispatch master station, completing the information loop.

[0079] The timing of the entire process described above is shown in Table 2.

[0080] Table 2 Table 3 below quantifies the fundamental improvements brought about by this invention compared to traditional methods.

[0081] Table 3 As illustrated by the example above, this invention reduces the entire process of small power source disconnection and power restoration after a grid fault from the traditional "minute level" to the "500 millisecond level." This not only significantly shortens the power outage time for users, but more importantly, through precise real-time power control, it provides a fast and reliable "surgical" safety and stability control method for modern power grids containing a high proportion of distributed power sources, effectively suppressing the risk of fault escalation. Its technological advancement and practical value are significant.

[0082] An implementation method for an edge computing terminal: From a hardware perspective, the edge computing terminal of this invention is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the edge computing terminal includes a memory, a processor, a system bus, and a computer program stored in the memory. The processor and memory communicate and interact with each other via the system bus. The processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method described in an embodiment of the small power supply fast switching and cooperative control method of the present invention. The processor can be a microprocessor (MCU) or other processing device; the memory can be any type of memory that stores information using electrical energy, such as… Figure 4 Non-volatile form storage media.

[0083] From the perspective of the software's functional modules, the architecture of this edge computing terminal is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it includes a local monitoring module, a rapid decision-making module, a security verification module, and a 5G communication gateway.

[0084] The local monitoring module is used to collect electrical quantities, switch status, protection signals and topology information of the local station and the downstream power grid in real time.

[0085] The fast decision engine is the core module for implementing the method of this invention. It is used to autonomously generate small power source tripping control commands within 500 milliseconds based on local real-time information after a power grid fault is detected. Its decision-making process employs the accurate power gap calculation model and optimized decision model proposed in this invention.

[0086] The security verification module is used to perform local anti-misoperation interlocking logic verification on the instruction sequence generated by the fast decision engine. Only after the verification is passed can the instruction be issued.

[0087] Specifically, the 5G communication gateway uses a 5G network with network slicing capabilities to communicate with small power supply terminals with ultra-low latency (<20ms) and high reliability for command issuance and status feedback, ensuring ultra-low latency and high reliability of control command transmission.

[0088] The core steps are: 1) When a power grid fault occurs, locate the power loss area and calculate the real-time load power gap in the power loss area caused by the power grid fault; 2) Based on the real-time switchable capacity of all controllable small power sources and the preset switching priority reflecting the importance of the small power sources, and on the basis of the switching capacity of all controllable small power sources to be switched and the real-time power gap of the load, the optimal set of controllable small power sources to be switched is obtained with the objective of minimizing the weighted sum of the deviation term and the cost term; the deviation term is the absolute value of the difference between the switching capacity and the real-time power gap of the load, and the cost term is the total switching cost of all controllable small power sources to be switched according to the switching priority. 3) Send the obtained optimal set of controllable small power sources to be cut to the corresponding power terminal controller.

[0089] For more detailed information about this method (including its implementation process, principles, and effects), please refer to the description of this method in an implementation plan of a fast switching and coordinated control method for small power supplies.

[0090] One embodiment of a computer-readable storage medium: This invention discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program internally. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps of the small power supply rapid switching and cooperative control method described above. Specifically, this computer-readable storage medium can be a computer-readable storage medium in an edge computing terminal.

[0091] The core steps of this method are: 1) When a power grid fault occurs, locate the power loss area and calculate the real-time load power gap in the power loss area caused by the power grid fault; 2) Based on the real-time switchable capacity of all controllable small power sources and the preset switching priority reflecting the importance of the small power sources, and on the basis of the switching capacity of all controllable small power sources to be switched and the real-time power gap of the load, the optimal set of controllable small power sources to be switched is obtained with the objective of minimizing the weighted sum of the deviation term and the cost term; the deviation term is the absolute value of the difference between the switching capacity and the real-time power gap of the load, and the cost term is the total switching cost of all controllable small power sources to be switched according to the switching priority. 3) Send the obtained optimal set of controllable small power sources to be cut to the corresponding power terminal controller.

[0092] For more detailed information about this method (including its implementation process, principles, and effects), please refer to the description of this method in an implementation plan of a fast switching and coordinated control method for small power supplies.

[0093] In summary, the present invention has the following characteristics: (1) Millisecond-level ultra-fast response: By combining edge-based on-site decision-making with 5G ultra-low latency communication, the time taken for the entire process of small power supply switching is revolutionaryly shortened from the traditional minute level (2-5 minutes) to less than 500 milliseconds, achieving near-instantaneous fault isolation and recovery.

[0094] (2) Precise optimization intelligent decision-making: Introducing a real-time power gap accurate calculation model and multi-objective optimization strategy to achieve a leap from "coarse cutting" based on static fixed values ​​to "precise matching and optimization" based on real-time status, effectively avoiding over-cutting or under-cutting.

[0095] (3) Ultra-high reliability and autonomy: The system adopts a distributed collaborative architecture of "cloud-edge-device", with core control functions pushed down to the edge. Even in the extreme case of communication interruption with the upper-level master station, the edge nodes can still independently complete the rapid connection and disconnection based on local information, making the system extremely robust.

[0096] (4) Resource optimization and cost saving: Distribute the massive real-time computing tasks to edge nodes, greatly reducing the computing and data throughput pressure on the main station. Utilize the widely covered 5G public network / power private network to reduce the construction and maintenance costs of dedicated communication channels.

[0097] (5) Flexible Adaptability and Easy Expansion: Edge nodes have local topology and state adaptation capabilities, which can flexibly respond to changes in grid operation mode and random commissioning and decommissioning of distributed power sources. The system adopts a standardized and modular design, which supports rapid deployment and smooth expansion in power grids at all levels.

[0098] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-described technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapid switching and coordinated control of small power supplies, characterized in that, The method includes: 1) When a power grid fault occurs, locate the power loss area and calculate the real-time load power gap in the power loss area caused by the power grid fault; 2) Based on the real-time switchable capacity of all controllable small power sources and the preset switching priority reflecting the importance of the small power sources, and on the basis of the switching capacity of all controllable small power sources to be switched and the real-time power gap of the load, the optimal set of controllable small power sources to be switched is obtained with the objective of minimizing the weighted sum of the deviation term and the cost term; the deviation term is the absolute value of the difference between the switching capacity and the real-time power gap of the load, and the cost term is the total switching cost of all controllable small power sources to be switched according to the switching priority. 3) Send the obtained optimal set of controllable small power sources to be cut to the corresponding power terminal controller.

2. The method for rapid switching and coordinated control of small power supplies according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cost term is ΣW i W i The priority for cutting off the i-th controllable small power source.

3. The small power supply rapid switching and coordinated control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation method for the real-time load power deficit is as follows: Identify the set of loads that have lost power due to a fault, and obtain the sum of the historical baseline values ​​of the active power of each load that lost power due to a fault at the instant before the fault occurred. Identify the set of remaining loads that are still energized after a fault, and obtain the sum of the current active power of each remaining load; The difference between the sum of the historical active power baseline values ​​and the sum of the current active power is the real-time power gap of the load.

4. The method for rapid switching and coordinated control of small power supplies according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for determining whether a fault has occurred in the power grid under its jurisdiction is as follows: obtain the position change signal of the relay protection output switch and the corresponding protection action signal, and confirm the occurrence of the fault event based on the topology association rules.

5. The small power supply rapid switching and coordinated control method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The objective function corresponding to the objective is set as follows: minF=min(|ΣC i -P gap |+a*ΣW i ) In the formula, min represents minimization, and C i ΣC represents the real-time switchable capacity of the i-th controllable small power source to be cut off; i The sum of the cut-off capacities for all controllable small power sources to be cut; P gap α represents the real-time power deficit of the load; α is the adjustable balance coefficient.

6. The small power supply rapid switching and coordinated control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The algorithm for finding the optimal set of controllable small power sources to be cut off is a greedy algorithm.

7. The small power supply rapid switching and coordinated control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The optimal set of controllable small power sources to be cut off is sent to the corresponding power terminal controller as follows: a specific remote control command sequence is generated based on the optimal set of controllable small power sources to be cut off, and the remote control command sequence is subjected to safety verification; after the safety verification is passed, it is sent to the corresponding power terminal controller.

8. An edge computing terminal, comprising a processor, characterized in that, The processor executes a computer program to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The edge computing terminal according to claim 8, characterized in that, The edge computing terminal has a 5G communication interface for communicating with the power terminal controller, and is equipped with a dedicated network slice to send data to the corresponding power terminal controller.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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