Reactive power compensation local closed-loop regulation method based on intelligent fusion terminal

Abstract

The present application relates to power distribution regulation technical field, specifically to a kind of reactive power compensation local closed-loop regulation method based on intelligent fusion terminal, comprising: intelligent fusion terminal reads the fixed configuration parameter of intelligent capacitor, and real-time acquisition multi-dimensional electric parameters of distribution circuit;Calculate reactive power compensation demand, and generate the regulation parameter of intelligent capacitor according to reactive power compensation demand;Intelligent fusion terminal will generated regulation parameter be issued to intelligent capacitor, and receive the state feedback signal of the intelligent capacitor;Determine regulation state according to state feedback signal and execute retry logic;Copy read the multi-dimensional electric parameters of distribution circuit after regulation compensation, based on preset optimal working condition evaluation model, optimal evaluation is carried out to current compensation effect, and iteration regulation is executed according to optimal evaluation result;Enter next round of regulation cycle, and realize uninterrupted closed-loop regulation.Relying on intelligent fusion terminal realizes the edge side local real-time autonomous regulation of reactive power compensation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power distribution control technology, specifically to a local closed-loop control method for reactive power compensation based on an intelligent fusion terminal. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous improvement of the automation level of power distribution networks, reactive power compensation has become a key technical means to ensure power quality, reduce line losses, and improve power supply efficiency. Reactive power compensation refers to the real-time balancing of inductive or capacitive reactive power in the power distribution system through reactive power regulation equipment, so as to keep the system power factor within a reasonable range, stabilize the bus voltage, and avoid power loss and equipment heating caused by long-distance transmission of reactive power.

[0003] While smart capacitors are widely used in current power distribution networks as reactive power compensation devices, their conventional operation mode suffers from the following drawbacks: In conventional operation, smart capacitors often operate independently, issuing adjustment commands based on pre-set logic. Upon receiving commands, they blindly execute corresponding reactive power outputs to complete the compensation action, lacking real-time control and verification mechanisms throughout the process. More critically, the equipment's operating status and command execution results are stored locally, lacking a local real-time verification mechanism from a field-based intelligent fusion terminal. This makes it impossible to promptly detect command execution deviations or equipment failures, leading to a severe disconnect between compensation actions and actual field conditions. Furthermore, the inability to continuously optimize the compensation effect based on the latest field electrical parameters makes it highly susceptible to serious problems such as undercompensation and overcompensation. Undercompensation results in substandard power factor, a surge in line losses, and excessive bus voltage fluctuations, accelerating equipment aging. Overcompensation, on the other hand, causes grid harmonic distortion and voltage increases, potentially burning out distribution equipment and triggering protection devices, leading to line tripping and directly threatening the safe and stable operation of the power distribution network, even causing widespread power outages. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a local closed-loop control method for reactive power compensation based on an intelligent fusion terminal, comprising: S1. The intelligent fusion terminal reads the fixed configuration parameters of the intelligent capacitor and collects multi-dimensional electrical parameters of the power distribution circuit in real time. S2. Based on the acquired fixed configuration parameters of the smart capacitor and the multi-dimensional electrical parameters of the power distribution circuit, calculate the reactive power compensation demand and generate the control parameters of the smart capacitor according to the reactive power compensation demand. S3. The intelligent fusion terminal sends the generated control parameters to the intelligent capacitor and receives the status feedback signal of the intelligent capacitor; it determines the control status based on the status feedback signal and executes the retry logic. S4. Read the multi-dimensional electrical parameters of the distribution circuit after the control and compensation, and perform optimality evaluation on the current compensation effect based on the preset optimal operating condition evaluation model. Then, perform iterative control based on the optimality evaluation result. S5. The intelligent fusion terminal enters the next control cycle, repeating S1-S4 to achieve uninterrupted closed-loop control.

[0005] The fixed configuration parameters include the single-group compensation capacity and the maximum number of adjustment groups.

[0006] The multidimensional electrical parameters include the real-time three-phase total active power P and the measured power factor cos... f 1. Initial value of bus voltage U0.

[0007] S2, based on the acquired fixed configuration parameters of the smart capacitor and the multi-dimensional electrical parameters of the power distribution circuit, calculates the reactive power compensation demand and generates the control parameters of the smart capacitor according to the reactive power compensation demand; its specific operations include: S201. Calculate the reactive power compensation requirement by combining the real-time three-phase total active power and measured power factor with the preset target power factor. The calculation formula is as follows: Q 理论 = P× [ tan(arccosφ 1 ) - tan(arccosφ 2 ) ] Where P is the real-time total three-phase active power; Q 理论 This indicates the amount of reactive power compensation required. f 1 represents the measured power factor phase angle, derived from the measured power factor cos... f 1. Calculated in reverse; f 2 represents the target power factor phase angle; cos f 2 represents the target power factor; tan(arccos f 1) represents the tangent value obtained by converting the measured power factor, used to calculate the reactive power component under the current operating condition; tan(arccos f 2) Represents the tangent value obtained from the target power factor, used to calculate the reactive power component under the target operating condition; S202. Based on the reactive power compensation demand, make judgments on compensation control. Q 理论 If ≤0, no compensation is performed, and the control parameters for starting capacitor group 0 are generated; if Q 理论 If the value is greater than 0, then compensation control will be initiated to match the control parameters; S203. Based on the reactive power compensation demand, calculate the number of capacitor banks that need to be started using an up-rounding function: n=ceil( Q 理论 / S) Where n represents the number of capacitor banks that need to be started; Q 理论 S represents the reactive power compensation demand; S is the single-group compensation capacity.

[0008] The calculation of the number of capacitor banks to be activated also includes execution boundary constraints. If n > N, then n = N; if n < 0, then n = 0. No control parameters need to be generated, and proceed to S5.

[0009] The process described in S3 involves determining the control status based on the status feedback signal and executing the retry logic. Specifically, if the status feedback signal is 0, the control is successful, the retry logic is terminated, and the process proceeds to S4. If the status feedback signal is 1, the control fails, the retry logic is restarted, and a retry operation is performed.

[0010] The retry logic is specifically as follows: Retry initialization: Initialize the retry counter count=0, preset the maximum number of retries to 3, and the retry interval to 1 minute; Retry loop execution: count increments by 1, timer starts counting, when the count reaches 1 minute, trigger the re-issuance of control parameters, send the same control parameters generated in S2 to the smart capacitor again, and receive the status feedback signal of the smart capacitor again; if the control is successful after retry, proceed to step S4; if count < 3, repeat the retry loop; if count = 3, and the control is still unsuccessful, record the failure information, including the exception type, number of retries, failure time, and device status, and jump to step S5; Retry exception handling: If the communication link is interrupted during the retry process, resulting in the inability to receive the status feedback signal of the smart capacitor, it is automatically determined that the retry has failed, the count is incremented by 1, and the communication link reconnection mechanism is triggered. The number of reconnections is ≤3. If the reconnection is successful, the retry loop continues to be executed; if the reconnection fails, the retry is terminated, the communication exception information is recorded, and the next round of control cycle begins.

[0011] The optimal evaluation of the current compensation effect based on the preset optimal working condition evaluation model described in S4 is specifically performed as follows: The core evaluation indicators are calculated based on the compensated bus voltage and real-time reactive power, including: bus voltage fluctuation = [(U-380V) / 380V]×100%, reactive power deviation = [| Q - Q 理论 | / Q 理论 ×100%; The calculated bus voltage fluctuation and reactive power deviation, along with the compensated real-time power factor, are compared with the preset optimal thresholds. If all three indicators meet the threshold requirements, the condition is determined to be the optimal operating condition. If any one indicator fails to meet the requirements, the condition is determined to be the non-optimal operating condition, and the process jumps to S1 to re-execute the electrical parameter acquisition and control compensation.

[0012] The preset optimal threshold includes the target power factor cos f 2 0.93-0.98, Bus voltage fluctuation: ≤±5%, Reactive power deviation: ≤±5%.

[0013] The optimal operating condition evaluation model also includes adaptive adjustment of the optimal threshold; active power fluctuation is calculated based on the real-time three-phase active power of the distribution circuit; when the active power fluctuation exceeds the fluctuation standard threshold, the upper limit of the bus voltage fluctuation threshold and the reactive power deviation fluctuation threshold are adjusted respectively; until the active power fluctuation does not exceed the fluctuation standard threshold, the preset optimal threshold is restored.

[0014] Beneficial Effects: This invention achieves real-time autonomous control of reactive power compensation on the edge side by relying on an intelligent fusion terminal, eliminating the dependence of existing technologies on preset fixed logic of intelligent capacitors. Through the intelligent fusion terminal, multi-dimensional electrical parameters of the power distribution circuit are collected in real time, and the fixed configuration parameters of the intelligent capacitors are read synchronously. Compensation demand calculations and control parameter generation are completed directly locally, without manual intervention or remote commands from the main station. The control response speed is significantly improved, and it can accurately adapt to the dynamic and rapid fluctuations of the on-site load, solving the problems of delayed response and disconnect between compensation and operating conditions in existing technologies.

[0015] This invention constructs a closed-loop control system encompassing acquisition, regulation, feedback, verification, and iteration, while also designing a limited-retry mechanism to significantly improve the reliability and fault tolerance of reactive power compensation. Real-time feedback of regulation results is achieved through execution information returned by intelligent capacitors. When regulation fails, a retry with fixed parameters is performed to ensure effective command execution. Upon successful regulation, the optimality of the compensation effect is verified; if the optimal effect is not achieved, a new round of iterative regulation is immediately triggered. This addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as lack of verification of compensation effects, lack of anomaly handling, and inability to adapt to changes in operating conditions with a single regulation. Furthermore, this invention achieves continuous iterative optimization of reactive power compensation effects. An optimal operating condition evaluation model is constructed using multi-dimensional indicators, and a threshold adaptive adjustment mechanism is designed. While ensuring the stability of regulation, this ensures that reactive power compensation in the distribution network always aligns with actual field needs, effectively reducing line losses and stabilizing bus voltage. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The solutions and advantages of this application will become clear to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0017] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a local closed-loop control method for reactive power compensation based on an intelligent fusion terminal. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Exemplary embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Example This embodiment provides a local closed-loop control method for reactive power compensation based on an intelligent fusion terminal. (See also...) Figure 1 The specific implementation steps of the method are as follows: S1. The intelligent fusion terminal reads the fixed configuration parameters of the intelligent capacitor and collects multi-dimensional electrical parameters of the power distribution circuit in real time. The intelligent fusion terminal reads and locally caches the fixed configuration parameters of the intelligent capacitor, including the single-group compensation capacity and the maximum number of adjustment groups. In this embodiment, the fixed configuration parameters of the intelligent capacitor are: single-group compensation capacity S = 10 kvar, and maximum number of adjustment groups N = 6 groups.

[0020] This fixed configuration parameter is read only once during the initialization phase and stored in the local cache. It will not be read again during subsequent adjustment cycles to avoid repeated reading and resource consumption.

[0021] The intelligent fusion terminal initiates real-time electrical parameter acquisition, employing a 16-bit high-precision analog signal acquisition chip. At a 100ms acquisition cycle, it collects multi-dimensional electrical parameters of the power distribution circuit, including real-time three-phase total active power P and measured power factor cos... f 1. Initial value of bus voltage U0. The acquired data is filtered by a low-pass filter unit to remove high-frequency noise, and outliers of each parameter that exceed the threshold range are also removed.

[0022] S2. Based on the acquired fixed configuration parameters of the smart capacitor and the multi-dimensional electrical parameters of the power distribution circuit, calculate the reactive power compensation demand, and generate the control parameters of the smart capacitor according to the reactive power compensation demand; the specific operations include: S201. Calculate the reactive power compensation requirement by combining the real-time three-phase total active power and measured power factor with the preset target power factor. The calculation formula is as follows: Q 理论 = P× [ tan(arccosφ 1 ) - tan(arccosφ 2 ) ] Where P is the real-time total three-phase active power; Q 理论 This indicates the amount of reactive power compensation required. f 1 represents the measured power factor phase angle, derived from the measured power factor cos... f 1. Calculated in reverse; f 2 represents the target power factor phase angle; cos f 2 represents the target power factor; tan(arccos f 1) represents the tangent value obtained by converting the measured power factor, used to calculate the reactive power component under the current operating condition; tan(arccos f 2) Represents the tangent value obtained by converting the target power factor, used to calculate the reactive power component under the target operating condition.

[0023] S202. Based on the reactive power compensation demand, make judgments on compensation control. Q 理论 If ≤0, no compensation is performed, and the control parameters for starting capacitor group 0 are generated; if Q 理论 If the value is greater than 0, then compensation control will be initiated to match the control parameters.

[0024] S203. Based on the reactive power compensation demand, calculate the number of capacitor banks that need to be started using an up-rounding function: n=ceil( Q 理论 / S) Where n represents the number of capacitor banks that need to be started; Q 理论 S represents the reactive power compensation demand; S is the single-group compensation capacity.

[0025] Rounding up ensures that the compensation amount is not less than the theoretical requirement, avoiding insufficient compensation; at the same time, boundary limits are implemented: if n > N, then n = N is set to avoid exceeding the maximum adjustment capacity of the intelligent capacitor and preventing equipment failure; if n < 0, then n = 0 is set, no compensation is required, and the process proceeds to S5. The control parameters are finally generated based on the number of capacitor banks n to be activated.

[0026] S3. The intelligent fusion terminal sends the generated control parameters to the intelligent capacitor and receives the status feedback signal of the intelligent capacitor; it determines the control status based on the status feedback signal and executes the retry logic. The specific operation of determining the control status and executing the retry logic based on the status feedback signal is as follows: if the status feedback signal is 0, the control is successful, the retry logic is terminated, and the process proceeds to S4; if the status feedback signal is 1, the control fails, the retry logic is restarted, and the retry operation is performed.

[0027] The retry logic is specifically as follows: Retry initialization: Initialize the retry counter count=0, preset the maximum number of retries to 3 and the retry interval to 1 minute; Retry loop execution: count increments by 1, the timer starts counting, and when the count reaches 1 minute, the control parameter is re-issued, and the same control parameter generated in S2 is re-issued to the smart capacitor, and the status feedback signal of the smart capacitor is received again; if the control is successful after the retry, proceed to step S4; if count < 3, repeat the retry loop; if count = 3 and the control is still unsuccessful, record the failure information, including the exception type, number of retries, failure time, and device status, and jump to step S5.

[0028] Retry exception handling: If the communication link is interrupted during the retry process, resulting in the inability to receive the status feedback signal of the smart capacitor, it is automatically determined that the retry has failed, the count is incremented by 1, and the communication link reconnection mechanism is triggered. The number of reconnections is ≤3. If the reconnection is successful, the retry loop continues to be executed; if the reconnection fails, the retry is terminated, the communication exception information is recorded, and the next round of control cycle is entered to avoid the algorithm from being stuck due to communication exceptions.

[0029] S4. Read the multi-dimensional electrical parameters of the distribution circuit after the control and compensation, and perform optimality evaluation on the current compensation effect based on the preset optimal operating condition evaluation model. Then, perform iterative control based on the optimality evaluation result. After successful control, the intelligent fusion terminal immediately triggers electrical parameter reading, with the reading cycle and preprocessing logic consistent with step S1. It reads the multi-dimensional electrical parameters of the distribution circuit after compensation in real time, including the real-time power factor cos... f Bus voltage U, actual reactive power Q after compensation.

[0030] After the data is preprocessed, the optimal operating condition evaluation model is invoked, and a preset optimal threshold is substituted into the optimal operating condition evaluation model. The preset optimal threshold includes the target power factor cos f 2 0.93-0.98; Bus voltage fluctuation: ≤±5%; Reactive power deviation: ≤5%. The calculation basis for bus voltage fluctuation is the standard voltage of 380V on the low-voltage side of the distribution network, and the calculation basis for reactive power deviation is the reactive power compensation requirement obtained in step S2. Q 理论 The evaluation operation is performed with an evaluation delay of ≤20ms.

[0031] Based on the preset optimal working condition evaluation model, the current compensation effect is evaluated for optimality. The specific operation is as follows: The core evaluation indicators are calculated based on the compensated bus voltage and real-time reactive power, including: bus voltage fluctuation = [(U-380V) / 380V]×100%, reactive power deviation = [| Q - Q 理论 | / Q 理论 ]×100%.

[0032] The calculated bus voltage fluctuation and reactive power deviation, along with the compensated real-time power factor, are compared with preset optimal thresholds. If all three indicators meet the threshold requirements, the condition is determined to be optimal. If any one indicator fails to meet the requirements, the condition is determined to be non-optimal, and the process jumps to S1 to re-execute electrical parameter acquisition and control compensation, achieving real-time iterative control until the optimal condition is reached.

[0033] In addition, the optimal operating condition evaluation model also includes adaptive adjustment of the optimal threshold. Specifically, when the distribution network load fluctuates significantly, i.e., the active power fluctuation exceeds 20%, the bus voltage fluctuation threshold is adjusted to ≤±6%, and the reactive power deviation threshold is adjusted to ≤6%, to avoid frequent judgment of non-optimal operating conditions due to load fluctuations and improve the stability of regulation. When the load returns to stability, i.e., the active power fluctuation is ≤20%, the preset threshold is restored.

[0034] S5. The intelligent fusion terminal enters the next control cycle, repeating S1-S4 to achieve uninterrupted closed-loop control.

[0035] Regardless of whether step S2 determines that no compensation is needed, or step S4 determines that the optimal operating condition is met, the system proceeds to the next control cycle in S5. The intelligent fusion terminal triggers step S1 to restart electrical parameter acquisition, repeating steps S1 to S4 with a 100ms acquisition cycle to achieve 24-hour uninterrupted closed-loop iterative control. This continuously adapts to the real-time dynamic changes in industrial and residential loads in the distribution network, ensuring that reactive power compensation is always in the optimal state. At the same time, it records key data for each round of control in real time, including acquired data, calculation results, control status, and equipment health information, for later data analysis and fault tracing.

Claims

1. A reactive power compensation local closed-loop regulation method based on intelligent fusion terminal, characterized in that, include: S1. The intelligent fusion terminal reads the fixed configuration parameters of the intelligent capacitor and collects multi-dimensional electrical parameters of the power distribution circuit in real time. S2. Based on the acquired fixed configuration parameters of the smart capacitor and the multi-dimensional electrical parameters of the power distribution circuit, calculate the reactive power compensation demand and generate the control parameters of the smart capacitor according to the reactive power compensation demand. S3. The intelligent fusion terminal sends the generated control parameters to the intelligent capacitor and receives the status feedback signal of the intelligent capacitor. The control status is determined based on the status feedback signal, and the retry logic is executed. S4. Read the multi-dimensional electrical parameters of the distribution circuit after the control and compensation, and perform optimality evaluation on the current compensation effect based on the preset optimal operating condition evaluation model. Then, perform iterative control based on the optimality evaluation result. S5. The intelligent fusion terminal enters the next control cycle, repeating S1-S4 to achieve uninterrupted closed-loop control.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The fixed configuration parameters include the single-group compensation capacity and the maximum number of adjustment groups.

3. The reactive power compensation local closed-loop control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-dimensional electric parameters include real-time three-phase total active power P, measured power factor cos φ 1. Bus voltage initial value U0.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, S2, based on the acquired fixed configuration parameters of the smart capacitor and the multi-dimensional electrical parameters of the power distribution circuit, calculates the reactive power compensation demand and generates the control parameters of the smart capacitor according to the reactive power compensation demand; its specific operations include: S201. Calculate the reactive power compensation requirement by combining the real-time three-phase total active power and measured power factor with the preset target power factor. The calculation formula is as follows: Q 理论 = P× [ tan(arccosφ 1 ) - tan(arccosφ 2 ) ] Where P is the real-time total three-phase active power; Q 理论 This indicates the amount of reactive power compensation required. φ 1 represents the measured power factor phase angle, derived from the measured power factor cos... φ 1. Calculated in reverse; φ 2 represents the target power factor phase angle; cos φ 2 represents the target power factor; tan(arccos φ 1) represents the tangent value obtained by converting the measured power factor, used to calculate the reactive power component under the current operating condition; tan(arccos φ 2) Represents the tangent value obtained from the target power factor, used to calculate the reactive power component under the target operating condition; S202. Based on the reactive power compensation demand, make judgments on compensation control. Q 理论 If ≤0, no compensation is performed, and the control parameters for starting capacitor group 0 are generated; if Q 理论 If the value is greater than 0, then compensation control will be initiated to match the control parameters; S203. Based on the reactive power compensation demand, calculate the number of capacitor banks that need to be started using an up-rounding function: n=hidden( Q 理论 / S) Where n represents the number of capacitor banks that need to be started; Q 理论 S represents the reactive power compensation demand; S is the single-group compensation capacity.

5. The reactive power compensation local closed-loop control method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The calculation of the number of capacitor banks to be activated also includes execution boundary constraints. If n > N, then n = N; if n < 0, then n = 0. No control parameters need to be generated, and proceed to S5.

6. The reactive power compensation local closed-loop control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process described in S3 involves determining the control status based on the status feedback signal and executing the retry logic. Specifically, if the status feedback signal is 0, the control is successful, the retry logic is terminated, and the process proceeds to S4. If the status feedback signal is 1, the control fails, the retry logic is restarted, and a retry operation is performed.

7. The reactive power compensation local closed-loop control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The retry logic is specifically as follows: Retry initialization: Initialize the retry counter count=0, preset the maximum number of retries to 3 and the retry interval to 1 minute; Retry loop execution: count increments by 1, the timer starts counting, and when the count reaches 1 minute, the control parameter is re-issued, the same control parameter generated by S2 is re-issued to the smart capacitor, and the status feedback signal of the smart capacitor is received again. If the adjustment is successful after retry, proceed to step S4; if count < 3, repeat the retry loop; if count = 3, and the adjustment is still unsuccessful, record the failure information, including the exception type, number of retries, failure time, and device status, and jump to step S5. Retry exception handling: If the communication link is interrupted during the retry process, resulting in the inability to receive the status feedback signal of the smart capacitor, it is automatically determined that the retry has failed, the count is incremented by 1, and the communication link reconnection mechanism is triggered. The number of reconnections is ≤3. If the reconnection is successful, the retry loop continues to be executed; if the reconnection fails, the retry is terminated, the communication exception information is recorded, and the next round of control cycle begins.

8. The reactive power compensation local closed-loop control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optimal evaluation of the current compensation effect based on the preset optimal working condition evaluation model described in S4 is specifically performed as follows: The core evaluation indicators are calculated based on the compensated bus voltage and real-time reactive power, including: bus voltage fluctuation = [(U-380V) / 380V]×100%, reactive power deviation = [| Q - Q 理论 | / Q 理论 ×100%; The calculated bus voltage fluctuation and reactive power deviation, along with the compensated real-time power factor, are compared with the preset optimal thresholds. If all three indicators meet the threshold requirements, the condition is determined to be the optimal operating condition. If any one indicator fails to meet the requirements, the condition is determined to be the non-optimal operating condition, and the process jumps to S1 to re-execute the electrical parameter acquisition and control compensation.

9. The reactive power compensation local closed-loop control method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The preset optimal threshold includes the target power factor cos φ 2 0.93-0.98, Bus voltage fluctuation: ≤±5%, Reactive power deviation: ≤±5%.

10. The reactive power compensation local closed-loop control method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The optimal operating condition evaluation model also includes adaptive adjustment of the optimal threshold; active power fluctuation is calculated based on the real-time three-phase active power of the distribution circuit, and when the active power fluctuation exceeds the fluctuation standard threshold, the upper limit of the threshold for increasing the bus voltage fluctuation threshold and the reactive power deviation fluctuation threshold are adjusted respectively. The preset optimal threshold is restored until the active power fluctuation does not exceed the fluctuation standard threshold.

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