Intelligent integrated agricultural machine device with straw fast-rotting, seedling transplanting and fertilizing functions

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically disclosing an intelligent integrated agricultural machinery device with functions of rapid straw decomposition, rice transplanting, and fertilization. The device includes a rice transplanting unit and a fertilization unit. The fertilization unit comprises a frame, a fertilizer mixing cylinder, a power unit, and a spraying mechanism. The fertilizer mixing cylinder includes an outer cylinder and a rotating cylinder. A rotary fertilizer applicator is installed on the lower side of the outer cylinder. The rotating cylinder is driven by the power unit, and the rotary fertilizer applicator is driven unidirectionally by the rotating cylinder. The spraying mechanism consists of a fertilizer spraying pipe, a fertilizer inlet pipe, and a jet spraying pipe, utilizing a high-pressure airflow provided by an air pump to spray material particles at high speed. This agricultural machinery device can pre-mix and adjust materials such as fertilizers and straw decomposition agents, improving operational efficiency. During fertilization, the rotating cylinder continuously rotates, ensuring a uniform and stable output ratio. The use of high-pressure airflow to carry material particles at high speed avoids problems such as material particles floating on the surface of paddy fields and insufficient penetration depth, significantly reducing fertilizer loss and improving fertilizer utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery and equipment technology, and in particular to an intelligent integrated agricultural machinery and equipment with functions of rapid straw decomposition, rice transplanting and fertilization. Background Technology

[0002] In current paddy field agricultural production, the technology of simultaneous side-deep fertilization during rice transplanting has good prospects for widespread application due to its advantages such as concentrated fertilization, high nutrient utilization rate, and simplified operation procedures. However, existing integrated equipment for simultaneous side-deep fertilization during rice transplanting still has significant drawbacks in actual field applications.

[0003] Firstly, most rice transplanting and fertilizing machines currently lack automatic material mixing mechanisms. When using straw composting agents for returning to the field or applying multiple fertilizer formulas, external equipment is required to pre-mix the materials, significantly increasing the operational process and preparation time. Furthermore, due to significant differences in particle size, bulk density, and flow characteristics between composting agents and various granular fertilizers, vibrations generated during the equipment's movement in the field can easily cause stratification and segregation of materials within the fertilizer tank, leading to an imbalance in the output ratio. This results in poor uniformity of fertilization in the field, affecting not only the normal growth of seedlings and the effectiveness of fertilization but also hindering the rapid composting of straw.

[0004] Secondly, the working environment in paddy fields is complex, with varying water depths. Conventional gravity-fed fertilizer discharge structures tend to leave fertilizer particles suspended in the water, unable to settle stably into the designated soil layer. This easily leads to fertilizer floating and runoff, significantly reducing fertilizer utilization efficiency and failing to achieve the expected results of side-deep fertilization and rapid straw decomposition. The adaptability and effectiveness of these methods are limited. Furthermore, while pneumatic fertilizer conveying is commonly used in existing technologies, ensuring smooth fertilizer delivery and reducing pipeline blockage, fertilizer particles still primarily rely on gravity to fall at the end of the conveying process. This does not fundamentally solve the problem of fertilizer floating.

[0005] Therefore, developing an intelligent agricultural machinery that can achieve dynamic and uniform mixing of materials, adapt to complex paddy field conditions, and integrate straw decomposition, rice transplanting, and precise soil fertilization has become a practical need in the current large-scale paddy field planting and production. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an intelligent integrated agricultural machinery device with functions of rapid straw decomposition, rice transplanting, and fertilization. It aims to solve the technical pain points of existing agricultural machinery, such as inconvenience in material mixing, low fertilization accuracy, and poor operational adaptability, and to achieve integrated and coordinated operation of rapid straw decomposition, rice transplanting, and precise fertilization, thereby improving the efficiency of paddy field operations and agronomic effects.

[0007] To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A smart integrated agricultural machinery device with functions of rapid straw decomposition, rice transplanting, and fertilization includes a rice transplanting device and a fertilization device mounted together on a self-propelled vehicle. The fertilization device includes a frame, a fertilizer mixing cylinder, a power unit, and a spraying mechanism. The fertilizer mixing cylinder includes an outer cylinder and a rotating cylinder. The outer cylinder is horizontally fixed on the frame, and its lower side wall has several discharge ports. A rotary fertilizer applicator is installed below each discharge port. The rotating cylinder includes two conical shells. The large-diameter ends of the two conical shells are rotatably and sealingly connected to the two ends of the outer cylinder, and the small-diameter ends of the two conical shells are rotatably mounted on the frame. The two conical shells are fixedly connected by several fins penetrating from the inside of the outer cylinder. A first transmission wheel and a second transmission wheel are fixedly mounted at the end of the rotating cylinder. The power unit has an output wheel, which is connected to the first... The transmission wheels are connected; all rotary fertilizer applicators are driven synchronously by a drive shaft, and a third transmission wheel is sleeved on the outside of the drive shaft, with a one-way transmission mechanism between them. The second and third transmission wheels are connected. The spraying mechanism corresponds to each rotary fertilizer applicator and includes a vertically placed spraying pipe. The lower end of the spraying pipe is equipped with a conical nozzle, the upper end is sealed by a plug, and a fertilizer inlet is opened on the side. An inlet pipe connected to the fertilizer inlet is fixed on the outside, and the inlet pipe is connected to the discharge end of the corresponding rotary fertilizer applicator through a fertilizer conveying hose. An air jet pipe is fixed on the plug and arranged coaxially with the spraying pipe. The lower end of the air jet pipe extends into the interior of the spraying pipe, and the lower end of the air jet pipe is lower than the fertilizer inlet. The upper end of the air jet pipe of each spraying mechanism is connected to an air pump device through a first air passage.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the number of discharge ports, rotary fertilizer applicators, and spraying mechanisms is consistent with the number of rows in the rice transplanting device, in order to meet the requirements of simultaneous side-deep fertilization during rice transplanting.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, a pressure sensor and a pressure regulating valve are provided in the first air path.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the outer sleeve has a plurality of air holes evenly spaced along its axial direction on its side wall, and a sealing cover for covering all the air holes is fixedly provided on the outer side of the outer sleeve. A first air inlet connector is fixedly provided on the sealing cover, and the first air inlet connector is connected to the output end of the air pump device through a second air passage.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the first drive wheel is fixed to the outer side of the small-diameter end of one of the conical shells, and the power device is arranged below the conical shell; the second drive wheel is fixed to the outer side of the small-diameter end of the other conical shell, and the second drive wheel and the air pump device are arranged below the conical shell.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the end of the fertilizer conveying hose connected to the discharge end of the rotary fertilizer dispenser is provided with an air inlet, which allows the interior of the fertilizer conveying hose to communicate with the atmospheric environment.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the seedling box of the rice transplanting device is provided with a support plate for supporting the seedling blocks. An atomizing box is fixedly installed on the side of the support plate away from the seedling blocks. A liquid tank is provided at the bottom of the atomizing box, and a liquid inlet and a second air inlet are installed on the side wall. An atomizer is fixedly installed inside the liquid tank, and the liquid inlet is sealed and connected to the liquid storage tank through a liquid replenishment pipeline. Several ventilation holes are opened on the support plate to connect the inside of the atomizing box with the space on the seedling-supporting side of the support plate. The second air inlet is connected to the output end of the air pump device through a third air passage.

[0014] Furthermore, a liquid level sensor is fixedly installed inside the liquid tank, and a replenishment valve is installed on the replenishment pipeline. The liquid level sensor, replenishment valve, and control system work together to ensure that the liquid level in the liquid tank is maintained within a preset working range. The vent and the second air inlet are both installed above the liquid surface in the liquid tank to ensure that the airflow can efficiently blow the droplets towards the front of the tray.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, a filter screen is installed at the discharge port to prevent clumps of material from clogging the fertilizer application channel.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the fins are distributed at equal angles along the inner wall of the outer sleeve, serving both stirring and wall-scraping functions.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the agricultural machinery equipment of the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The fertilization device of this agricultural machinery integrates a dynamic material mixing function, which can pre-mix and adjust materials such as fertilizer and straw composting agent before operation, greatly reducing the preparation time and improving the efficiency of operation. During fertilization, the rotary drum rotates continuously, and with the stirring and scraping action of the fins, it can ensure a uniform and stable output ratio, while effectively breaking up lumps of material and removing material adhering to the drum wall, avoiding blockage of the discharge port, reducing material residue, ensuring the continuity and stability of fertilization operation, and providing a uniform supply of composting agent for rapid straw decomposition.

[0018] 2. The high-pressure airflow-entrained spray fertilization structure replaces the traditional gravity-feeding method, giving the material particles sufficient kinetic energy to accurately reach the bottom of the trench pre-dug by the furrow opener. This effectively avoids problems such as material particles floating on the surface of the paddy field and insufficient soil penetration, significantly reducing fertilizer loss and improving fertilizer utilization. At the same time, it ensures that the straw composting agent is accurately deposited into the soil, guaranteeing the rapid composting effect of straw.

[0019] 3. It realizes the integrated and coordinated operation of straw decomposition, rice transplanting and precise side-deep fertilization, adapts to complex paddy field conditions, has a compact structure and smooth linkage of all components, can greatly reduce field operation procedures and save labor input, adapts to the needs of large-scale paddy field planting, and improves the overall farming production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, a brief description is given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the following drawings are only schematic diagrams of some embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the overall structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the agricultural machinery equipment in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the outer sleeve structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary drum in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mating structure between the rotary drum and the outer sleeve in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the fertilization device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the spraying mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fertilizer application device and atomizing box in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure label: 1-Self-propelled vehicle; 101-Lifting mechanism; 2-Fertilizer applicator; 201-Outer sleeve; 202-Fertilizer spray pipe; 203-Rotating drum; 204-Power unit; 205-Rotating fertilizer dispenser; 206-Fertilizer delivery hose; 207-Fertilizer inlet pipe; 208-Air jet pipe; 209-Pressure sensor; 210-Pressure regulating valve; 211-First air path; 212-Air pump device; 213-Second air path; 214-Electrically controlled valve; 215-First air inlet connector; 216-Feeding port; 217-Sealing cover; 218-Air inlet; 219-Discharge port; 220-Air blowing hole; 221-End shaft; 222-First transmission 223-Driving wheel; 224-Conical shell; 225-Fin; 226-Second transmission wheel; 227-Output wheel; 228-Frame; 229-Drive shaft; 230-Third transmission wheel; 231-One-way transmission mechanism; 232-Fertilizer inlet; 233-Plug; 233-Conical nozzle; 3-Transplanting device; 301-Seedling box; 302-Pattern; 303-Ventilation hole; 4-Atomizing box; 401-Liquid tank; 402-Atomizer; 403-Liquid inlet; 404-Liquid level sensor; 405-Second air inlet connector; 406-Liquid replenishment valve; 407-Liquid replenishment pipeline; 408-Third air passage; 5-Furrow opener; 6-Liquid storage tank. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer and more complete, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all equivalent implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0024] Reference Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an intelligent integrated agricultural machinery equipment with functions of rapid straw decomposition, rice transplanting and fertilization, including a self-propelled vehicle 1, a rice transplanting device 3, a fertilization device 2, and a control system for comprehensively regulating the operating status of the agricultural machinery equipment.

[0025] The self-propelled vehicle 1 uses agricultural power machinery such as tractors as the supporting base for the rice transplanting device 3 and the fertilizing device 2, so as to realize mobile operation in the field.

[0026] The transplanting device 3 is mounted on the lifting mechanism 101 at the rear end of the self-propelled vehicle 1 and its operation is controlled by the control system. It mainly consists of core components such as a seedling box 301, a seedling separating mechanism, and a seedling delivery device, and can utilize existing conventional structures. During transplanting, a blanket-like seedling block is laid flat on the seedling box 301; the seedling box 301 moves laterally to deliver the seedling block to the seedling gate, and the longitudinal seedling delivery mechanism periodically pushes the lower end of the seedling block to fit tightly against the seedling collection port; the seedling separating mechanism is equipped with a planting arm that reciprocates along a specific trajectory, and the seedling needles installed at the front end of the planting arm pick up a set number of seedlings from the seedling block at the seedling collection port and insert them downwards into the field to complete the transplanting operation; the device's working position status, lateral seedling collection volume, and longitudinal seedling collection volume, among other operating parameters, are intelligently controlled by the control system.

[0027] Among them, reference Figures 1-7As shown, the fertilization device 2 includes a frame 227, a fertilizer mixing cylinder, a power unit 204, an air pump 212, several rotary fertilizer dispensers 205, and several spraying mechanisms. The frame 227 is mounted and fixed on the self-propelled vehicle 1, providing stable support for the fertilization device 2. The fertilizer mixing cylinder is used to store fertilizer, straw composting agent, and other materials, and undertakes the task of mixing the materials. It is composed of an outer cylinder 201 and a rotary cylinder 203 coaxially nested. The outer cylinder 201 is cylindrical and fixed to the frame 227 horizontally along its axis. Both ends of the axial direction are open. The upper side is provided with a feeding port 216 for feeding fertilizer, straw composting agent, and other materials. The lower side wall has several discharge ports 219 evenly distributed along the axial direction. Filter screens can be installed at the discharge ports 219 to prevent clumps of materials from clogging the fertilization channel. The rotary drum 203 includes two coaxially symmetrically arranged conical shells 223. The large-diameter ends of the two conical shells 223 are rotatably and sealed to both ends of the outer sleeve 201. The two conical shells 223 are fixedly connected by several fins 224 that pass through the inside of the outer sleeve 201, forming an integral structure. The fins 224 are distributed at equal angles along the inner wall of the outer sleeve 201, so that the fins 224 have both stirring and wall scraping functions, which can remove the material adhering to the inner wall of the outer sleeve 201. The small-diameter ends of the two conical shells 223 are rotatably mounted on the frame 227 through bearings, so that the rotary drum 203 can rotate around its own axis. The first transmission wheel 222 and the second transmission wheel 225 are coaxially fixedly arranged at the end of the rotary drum 203. The power unit 204 preferably uses a low-speed motor, which is fixedly mounted on the frame 227. The power unit 204 is equipped with an output wheel 226 capable of bidirectional output. The output wheel 226 is connected to the first transmission wheel 222 via a flexible transmission component, and is used to drive the rotary drum 203 to rotate. The start and stop of the power unit 204, the direction of rotation of the output wheel 226, and the speed are controlled by the control system. The rotary fertilizer applicator 205 is installed and fixed on the underside of each discharge port 219 of the outer sleeve 201. All rotary fertilizer applicators 205 are arranged coaxially and driven synchronously by a through-type drive shaft 228. A third transmission wheel 229 is coaxially arranged on the outside of the drive shaft 228. A one-way transmission mechanism 230, such as a one-way bearing or a ratchet transmission mechanism, is provided between the drive shaft 228 and the third transmission wheel 229. The second transmission wheel 225 and the third transmission wheel 229 are connected via a flexible transmission component. The flexible transmission component can be a synchronous belt, a transmission chain, or a toothed belt, or other commonly used transmission components.

[0028] When the power unit 204 outputs in the reverse direction, the output wheel 226 rotates in the first direction, driving the rotary drum 203 to rotate. At this time, the one-way transmission mechanism 230 is in the overrun state, the drive shaft 228 is stationary, and the rotary fertilizer discharger 205 does not work. During the rotation of the rotary drum 203, the material inside the fertilizer mixing drum can be efficiently mixed through the stirring action of the rolling and fins 224, thus allowing the material to be fully premixed before the equipment is operated.

[0029] When the power unit 204 outputs in the positive direction, the output wheel 226 rotates in the second direction, and the rotary drum 203 continues to rotate. At this time, the one-way transmission mechanism 230 is in the transmission state, and the drive shaft 228 drives all rotary fertilizer applicators 205 to operate synchronously and quantitatively. While achieving precise fertilization, the continuous rotation of the rotary drum 203 can maintain dynamic stirring and mixing of the materials in the fertilizer mixing drum, ensuring that the output ratio is uniform and stable.

[0030] It should be noted that during storage and placement, fertilizers and straw composting agents are prone to clumping due to factors such as humidity and pressure, which is difficult to avoid. The continuous rotation of the fertilizer mixing drum during fertilization can prevent clumped materials from accumulating at the discharge port 219 and causing poor discharge. At the same time, the rotating and stirring action of the fertilizer mixing drum, combined with the shearing and impact action of the fins 224, can effectively break up the clumped materials, reduce the residue of clumped materials in the fertilizer mixing drum, and ensure the continuity and stability of fertilization operations.

[0031] The spraying mechanism and the rotary fertilizer applicator 205 are provided in equal numbers and correspond one-to-one. It includes a vertically positioned fertilizer spraying pipe 202. The lower end of the fertilizer spraying pipe 202 has a tapered nozzle 233 with a gradually decreasing inner diameter. The upper end is sealed by a plug 232, and a fertilizer inlet 231 is opened on the side. A fertilizer inlet pipe 207 is fixedly connected to the outside of the fertilizer spraying pipe 202 and is sealed and communicates with the fertilizer inlet 231. A vertically extending jet pipe 208, coaxially arranged with the fertilizer spraying pipe 202, is fixed at the center of the plug 232. The lower end of the jet pipe 208 extends to... The lower end of the spray pipe 202 is lower than the fertilizer inlet 231, and the upper end of the spray pipe 208 is located above the plug 232. The fertilizer inlet pipe 207 of each spraying mechanism is sealed and connected to the discharge end of the corresponding rotary fertilizer discharger 205 through the fertilizer conveying hose 206. The air pump device 212 is fixedly installed on the frame 227 and its operation is regulated by the control system. The air pump device 212 is sealed and connected to the upper end of the spray pipe 208 of each spraying mechanism through the first air passage 211, and provides spray airflow to each spraying mechanism.

[0032] During installation, the spraying mechanism is fixedly installed on the lifting mechanism 101 of the self-propelled vehicle 1 in conjunction with the furrow opener 5, and the lower end of the conical nozzle 233 is ensured to be higher than the lower end face of the furrow opener 5, so as to avoid the nozzle from directly contacting the field soil and debris during operation and causing the conical nozzle 233 to become clogged.

[0033] During fertilization, the high-pressure airflow output by the air pump device 212 is ejected at high speed through the lower end of the jet pipe 208; the material particles output quantitatively by the rotary fertilizer dispenser 205 enter the fertilizer spraying pipe 202 through the fertilizer inlet pipe 207 and fertilizer outlet 231, and are ejected at high speed by the conical nozzle 233 under the pressure of the high-pressure airflow. Because the granular fertilizer used for side-deep fertilization has a regular particle size, high hardness and density, the particles gain sufficient kinetic energy and can be accurately injected into the bottom of the trench opened by the trench opener 5, effectively avoiding the material particles from floating on the surface of the paddy field or not penetrating the soil deeply enough, thereby preventing fertilizer loss and improving fertilizer utilization.

[0034] In the above design of this agricultural machinery, the number of discharge port 219, rotary fertilizer applicator 205 and spraying mechanism is consistent with the number of working rows of rice transplanting device 3; the installation position of the spraying mechanism matches the fertilization depth with the rice transplanting operation parameters, and meets the requirements of simultaneous side-deep fertilization during rice transplanting.

[0035] When this agricultural machinery is used in the field, the transplanting device 3 completes the transplanting operation, and the fertilization device 2 can mix fertilizer, straw composting agent and other materials and apply them to the field according to the side-deep fertilization technology requirements. Thus, the functions of straw rapid decomposition, transplanting and fertilization are integrated into one, so as to improve efficiency, save labor and improve fertilizer utilization.

[0036] like Figures 3-5 As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, in the rotary drum 203, the small-diameter ends of the two conical shells 223 are respectively coaxially fixed with end shafts 221, and the end shafts 221 are rotatably mounted on the frame 227; the first transmission wheel 222 and the second transmission wheel 225 are fixed on the end shafts 221.

[0037] like Figure 7 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, the first air path 211 is equipped with a pressure sensor 209 and a pressure regulating valve 210; the pressure sensor 209 collects the air pressure of the air path in real time and feeds it back to the control system; the pressure regulating valve 210 can adjust the air pressure of the air path in real time according to the feedback air pressure data, so that the air pressure of the air path is stable within the preset working range, thereby ensuring the stable supply of high-pressure airflow of the spraying mechanism, ensuring that the material particles can be effectively entrained and accurately delivered to the bottom of the trench, avoiding problems such as material splashing due to excessive air pressure and material conveying obstruction due to insufficient air pressure, and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the spraying mechanism.

[0038] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 7As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, the outer sleeve 201 has a plurality of air holes 220 evenly spaced along its axial direction on its side wall. A sealing cover 217 for covering all the air holes 220 is fixedly provided on the outer side of the outer sleeve 201. A first air inlet connector 215 is fixedly provided on the sealing cover 217. The first air inlet connector 215 is connected to the output end of the air pump device 212 through a second air passage 213. An electrically controlled valve 214 whose working state is regulated by the control system is installed on the second air passage 213. During the fertilization process, the fins 224 rotate with the rotary drum 203, which can effectively prevent material from adhering to the inner wall of the outer sleeve 201. When the fertilization operation is about to end, the second air passage 213 sends the high-pressure air output by the air pump device 212 into the sealed cover 217. The airflow is sprayed into the inner sleeve 201 through the air blowing hole 220, which can thoroughly blow and clean the rotating fins 224, further reducing the amount of material residue in the fertilizer mixing drum, preventing the residual material from getting damp and hardening to form stubborn dirt, and ensuring the stability and cleanliness of the fertilizer mixing drum in subsequent operations.

[0039] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, the first transmission wheel 222 is fixed to the outer side of the small-diameter end of one of the conical shells 223, and the power device 204 is arranged below the conical shell 223 and adapted to the installation position of the first transmission wheel 222; the second transmission wheel 225 is fixed to the outer side of the small-diameter end of the other conical shell 223, and the second transmission wheel 225 is arranged below the conical shell 223 and adapted to the installation position of the second transmission wheel 225; at the same time, the air pump device 212 is also located on the lower side of the conical shell 223. Through the above symmetrical layout design, the movement interference between the components can be effectively avoided, the space utilization rate of the frame 227 can be optimized, and the structural layout of the entire fertilization device 2 is more reasonable and compact, adapting to the space constraints of agricultural machinery in field operations.

[0040] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 7As shown in this embodiment of the invention, the end of the fertilizer delivery hose 206 connected to the discharge end of the rotary fertilizer applicator 205 is provided with an air inlet 218. This air inlet 218 connects the inside of the fertilizer delivery hose 206 with the atmospheric environment. The air inlet 218 can be equipped with a dustproof net or a branching structure to prevent field debris from entering the fertilizer delivery hose 206 and causing blockage. During fertilization, the lower port of the jet pipe 208 ejects a high-pressure airflow at high speed, and a stable negative pressure environment is formed in the area above the lower port. Under the negative pressure adsorption, the atmosphere enters the fertilizer delivery hose 206 through the air inlet 218 and is sucked into the spray pipe 202, thereby forming a driving airflow that propels the material particles output by the rotary fertilizer applicator 205 to be transported smoothly, effectively avoiding the problem of pipeline blockage caused by the accumulation and adhesion of material particles in the fertilizer delivery hose 206, and ensuring the continuity of fertilizer delivery operation.

[0041] In addition, referring to existing mature technologies in the agricultural machinery field, a sensor alarm device with blockage detection function can be configured on the fertilizer conveying hose 206 to monitor the material conveying status in the fertilizer conveying hose 206 in real time. When the pipeline is blocked, an alarm signal will be issued in time, which will facilitate operators to quickly check and deal with the problem, and further improve the stability and reliability of the operation of this agricultural machinery equipment.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 7 As shown in this embodiment of the invention, the seedling box 301 of the rice transplanting device 3 is provided with a support plate 302 for supporting the seedling blocks. An atomizing box 4 is fixedly mounted on the side of the support plate 302 away from the seedling blocks. A liquid tank 401 for storing liquid is provided at the lower part of the atomizing box 4. An atomizer 402 is fixedly installed inside the liquid tank 401. A liquid inlet 403 and a second air inlet 405 are installed on the side wall of the atomizing box 4. The liquid inlet 403 is sealed to a liquid storage tank 6 via a replenishment pipe 407. The liquid storage tank 6 is used to store liquid and is fixedly mounted on the self-propelled vehicle 1. Liquid is replenished to the liquid tank 401 through the replenishment pipe 407 using methods such as pumping or siphoning. The tray 302 has several ventilation holes 303 evenly distributed in its transverse direction. The ventilation holes 303 penetrate the tray 302, connecting the interior of the atomizing box 4 with the space on the seedling receiving side of the tray 302. The second air inlet connector 405 is sealed to the output end of the air pump device 212 through the third air passage 408 to achieve a stable airflow supply.

[0043] During operation, clean water or functional pesticide solution is added to the storage tank 6 according to the agronomical needs of seedling moisture retention and root growth. Under the control of the control system, the atomizer 402 continuously atomizes the liquid in the liquid tank 401, forming fine and uniform droplets in the atomization box 4. The air pump device 212 delivers air at a suitable pressure to the second air inlet 405 through the third air passage 408. After the air enters the atomization box 4, it forms a positive airflow, blowing the droplets in the atomization box 4 through the vent 303 onto the seedling block, acting on the roots of the seedlings. During the transplanting operation, the seedling block moves intermittently longitudinally along the support plate 302, so that the droplets evenly cover the entire area of ​​the seedling block, thereby achieving uniform moisture retention or balanced spraying of pesticide solution on the roots of the seedlings.

[0044] Compared to traditional spraying methods, this design uses atomized spraying, with droplets acting directly on the roots of the seedlings. This not only improves liquid utilization and saves on pesticide consumption, but also effectively avoids problems such as component jamming and corrosion caused by water accumulation in the seedling box 301, ensuring the operational stability of the transplanting device. At the same time, the droplets are easily diffused by the airflow, allowing them to penetrate deep into the intricate root system within the seedling block, significantly improving the uniformity and efficiency of moisturizing or spraying pesticides, further ensuring the survival rate of transplanted seedlings.

[0045] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 As shown, a liquid level sensor 404 is fixedly installed inside the liquid tank 401, and a liquid replenishment valve 406 is provided on the liquid replenishment pipeline 407. With the coordinated cooperation of the liquid level sensor 404, the liquid replenishment valve 406 and the control system, the liquid volume in the liquid tank 401 can be controlled and adjusted to ensure that the liquid level in the liquid tank 401 is always maintained within the preset working range. At the same time, the installation positions of the vent 303 and the second air inlet connector 405 are both higher than the liquid surface in the liquid tank 401 to ensure that the airflow can efficiently blow the droplets toward the front of the tray 302.

Claims

1. An intelligent integrated agricultural machinery equipment with functions of rapid straw decomposition, rice transplanting, and fertilization, comprising a rice transplanting device and a fertilization device mounted together on a self-propelled vehicle; characterized in that: The fertilization device includes a frame, a fertilizer mixing cylinder, a power unit, and a spraying mechanism. The fertilizer mixing cylinder includes an outer cylinder and a rotary cylinder. The outer cylinder is horizontally fixed on the frame, and its lower side wall has a discharge port with a rotary fertilizer applicator installed thereon. The rotary cylinder includes two conical shells. The large-diameter ends of the two conical shells are rotatably and sealingly connected to both ends of the outer cylinder, and the small-diameter ends are rotatably mounted on the frame. The two conical shells are fixedly connected by several fins penetrating from the inside of the outer cylinder. A first drive wheel and a second drive wheel are fixedly mounted at the end of the rotary cylinder. The first drive wheel is connected to the power unit. All rotary fertilizer applicators are driven by a drive shaft. A third drive wheel is sleeved on the outside of the drive shaft, and there is a gap between the two. A one-way transmission mechanism is provided, with the second and third transmission wheels connected in a transmission connection. The spraying mechanism includes a vertically positioned fertilizer spraying pipe with a conical nozzle at the lower end, a sealed upper end with a plug, a fertilizer inlet on the side, and an externally fixed fertilizer inlet pipe. The fertilizer inlet pipe is connected to the discharge end of a rotary fertilizer discharger via a fertilizer conveying hose. An air jet pipe is fixed to the plug, with its lower end extending into the fertilizer spraying pipe and its lower end lower than the fertilizer inlet. The upper ends of the air jet pipes of each spraying mechanism are connected to the output end of an air pump device via a first air passage. The end of the fertilizer conveying hose connected to the discharge end of the rotary fertilizer discharger has an air inlet, which allows the interior of the fertilizer conveying hose to communicate with the atmospheric environment.

2. The intelligent integrated agricultural machinery equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of discharge ports, rotary fertilizer applicators, and spraying mechanisms is consistent with the number of rows operated by the rice transplanting device.

3. The intelligent integrated agricultural machinery equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure sensor and a pressure regulating valve are installed in the first air line.

4. The intelligent integrated agricultural machinery equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer sleeve has several air holes evenly spaced along its axial direction on its side wall. A sealing cover for covering all the air holes is fixedly installed on the outer side of the outer sleeve. A first air inlet connector is fixedly installed on the sealing cover. The first air inlet connector is connected to the output end of the air pump device through a second air passage.

5. The intelligent integrated agricultural machinery equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first drive wheel is fixed to the outer side of the small diameter end of one of the cone shells, and the power device is arranged below the cone shell; the second drive wheel is fixed to the outer side of the small diameter end of the other cone shell, and the second drive wheel and the air pump device are arranged below the cone shell.

6. The intelligent integrated agricultural machinery equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fins are distributed at equal angles along the inner wall of the outer sleeve, serving both stirring and wall-scraping functions.

7. The intelligent integrated agricultural machinery equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rice transplanter's seedling box has a support plate for supporting the seedling blocks. An atomizing box is fixedly installed on the side of the support plate away from the seedling blocks. The lower part of the atomizing box has a liquid tank, and the side wall is equipped with a liquid inlet and a second air inlet connector. An atomizer is fixedly installed inside the liquid tank, and the liquid inlet is sealed and connected to the liquid storage tank through a liquid replenishment pipe. The support plate has several ventilation holes that connect the inside of the atomizing box with the space on the seedling-supporting side of the support plate. The second air inlet connector is connected to the output end of the air pump device through a third air passage.

8. The intelligent integrated agricultural machinery equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: A liquid level sensor is fixedly installed inside the liquid tank, and a liquid replenishment valve is installed on the liquid replenishment pipeline. The liquid level sensor, the liquid replenishment valve, and the control system work together to maintain the liquid level in the liquid tank at a preset value.

9. The intelligent integrated agricultural machinery equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The vent and the second air inlet are both installed at positions higher than the liquid level in the tank.

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