Side draft ventilating dormer with thermal pressure enhancement effect
By combining lateral ventilation with cantilevered protective panels, designing streamlined channels and enhancing the thermal pressure effect, the problems of water leakage and ventilation efficiency in roof ventilation louvers are solved, achieving an efficient and simple ventilation solution.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610309487.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-10
Smart Images
Figure CN122358829A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of building roof ventilation devices, and more particularly to a side-suction ventilation louver with a thermal pressure enhancement effect. Background Technology
[0002] Roof louvers are widely used roof ventilation and lighting components in industrial plants, warehousing and logistics buildings, and large public buildings. Their function is to expel hot indoor air, humid gases, and harmful gases to the outside, thereby improving the indoor thermal environment and air quality.
[0003] In existing technologies, the overall height of the arc-shaped ventilator is relatively large, forming a relatively spacious internal space, which is theoretically beneficial for airflow organization. However, its defects are also very prominent. The top vent is difficult to form an effective rainproof structure, and rainwater can easily flow back into the vent along the wind direction. During long-term use, the water leakage problem is almost impossible to eliminate at the root. Construction units often have to add multiple deflector plates or sealing strips to the top, making the internal structure extremely complex. This not only makes construction and installation difficult, but also increases the cost of later maintenance.
[0004] Therefore, the existing technology still needs further development and improvement. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a side-suction ventilation louver with a thermal pressure enhancement effect. By changing the ventilation method from the top to the side, and in conjunction with the shielding structure of the cantilevered protective plate, the potential for water leakage is eliminated from the structural level.
[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: A side-suction ventilation louver with a thermo-pressure enhancement effect includes end caps at both ends, wherein the louver further includes: truss; The first protective plate structure is arranged laterally outward at the lower part of the truss; A canopy structure covers the top of the truss; the canopy structure includes a light-transmitting panel inclinedly disposed on the top of the truss, and a second panel structure disposed on the lateral outer side of the truss and connected to the edge of the light-transmitting panel; the second panel structure is fixedly connected to the first panel structure by a transverse connector; the canopy structure and the first panel structure enclose a longitudinally or laterally extending ventilation chamber. A drainage guard structure is provided at the bottom of the first guard structure and extends into the projection coverage area of the second guard structure, for collecting and discharging rainwater from the top of the ventilation louver; the drainage guard structure and the first guard structure are arranged in a V-shape. The following are preferred technical solutions of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the technical solutions provided by the present invention. The purpose and beneficial effects of the present invention can be better achieved and realized through the following preferred technical solutions.
[0007] As a preferred technical solution, in the side-suction ventilation louver, the transverse connector is fixed laterally to the first protective plate structure; the second protective plate structure includes an inclined surface and a vertical surface that is bent inward at a certain angle from the inclined surface; the vertical surface is fixedly connected to the transverse connector to form a cantilever structure that shields the exhaust vent.
[0008] As a preferred technical solution, in the side-suction ventilation louver, the ceiling structure, the first protective plate structure, and the drain protective plate structure define a streamlined ventilation channel inside the side-suction ventilation louver; the streamlined ventilation channel includes an air inlet and an air outlet, and the cross-sectional area of the middle section of the streamlined ventilation channel is smaller than the cross-sectional areas of the air inlet and the air outlet.
[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the side-suction ventilation louver is provided with an insect-proof net inside the streamlined ventilation channel. The insect-proof net is arranged in a wave-like undulating pattern to create a pressure difference on both sides of the net surface.
[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the side-suction ventilation louver is provided in which the insect-proof net surface is coated with a heat-absorbing coating. As a preferred technical solution, the side-suction ventilation louver has a heat-absorbing coating that is a black paint layer, and the surface of the truss is also provided with a heat-absorbing coating.
[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the side-suction ventilation louver is further provided with a valve plate for adjusting the air volume inside the side-suction ventilation louver, and the valve plate is located at the air outlet.
[0012] As a preferred technical solution, in the side-suction ventilation louver, the narrowest part of the streamlined channel forms a Venturi throat, and the exhaust port is located in the downstream expansion section of the Venturi throat.
[0013] As a preferred technical solution, in the side-suction ventilation louver, the throat cross-sectional area of the streamlined channel is less than half the cross-sectional area of the ventilation chamber, so as to increase the exhaust velocity through the Venturi effect.
[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the side-suction ventilation louver, wherein the truss includes: a base plate, a first vertical column and staggered diagonal braces disposed on the base plate, a second vertical column, one end of the second vertical column being fixed to the first protective plate structure, and the other end being connected to the end of the staggered diagonal braces; the height of the apex of the vertical column is higher than the height of the apex of the staggered diagonal braces.
[0015] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts a combination of lateral ventilation and cantilevered protective panels, which eliminates the possibility of rainwater backflow from the structural principle; the streamlined channel combined with the Venturi effect significantly reduces airflow resistance and enhances driving force; the light-transmitting protective panel and the heat-absorbing coating work together to construct a greenhouse thermal pressure enhancement mechanism, which can still maintain a high ventilation efficiency under low wind speed conditions; the internal structure is simple, the effective ventilation cross-sectional ratio is high, the construction and installation are convenient, and the overall weight is light. Attached Figure Description
[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0017] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the side-suction ventilation louver provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the side-suction ventilation louver provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0019] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the side-suction ventilation louver provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0020] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
[0021] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0022] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention based on the specific circumstances.
[0023] In embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0024] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.
[0025] The side-suction ventilation louver provided by this invention is installed on the roof of a building and extends longitudinally or laterally along the slope of the roof. For example... Figures 1 to 3As shown, the overall structure of the ventilator can be divided into: end cover 10, truss 20, first protective plate structure 30, roof structure 40, and drainage protective plate structure 50. These five components work together to complete the functions of ventilation, lighting, rain protection, air diversion, and drainage. The truss 20 serves as the load-bearing skeleton of the louver, providing the installation foundation for the other structures and transferring the load borne by the louver to the main roof structure. The first protective panel structure 30 is located on the lower outer side of the truss 20, forming the main part of the louver's side enclosure system, and together with the roof structure 40, defines the external boundary of the ventilation chamber. The roof structure 40 covers the top of the truss 20 and includes a light-transmitting protective panel 401 made of transparent or semi-transparent material, allowing sunlight to enter the louver and providing an energy source for the greenhouse effect. The drainage protective panel structure 50 is located at the bottom of the first protective panel structure 30, extending into the vertical projection range of the second protective panel structure 400, forming a V-shaped cross-section with the first protective panel structure 30. It is responsible for collecting and guiding rainwater dripping from the outside of the louver roof, and also participates in defining the cross-sectional shape of the ventilation channel.
[0026] From an airflow organization perspective, external air enters the ventilation chamber horizontally or obliquely from the air inlets on both sides of the louver. Inside the chamber, it is accelerated by the gradually narrowing channel and driven by thermal pressure buoyancy, and then discharged outward through the exhaust vents on the side of the ceiling, completing the ventilation process. The exhaust vents are covered by a cantilevered portion of the second protective panel structure 400, preventing rainwater from flowing back into the chamber from the exhaust vents. This fundamentally eliminates the leakage problem of traditional roof-mounted ventilation louvers from a structural perspective.
[0027] refer to Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the truss 20 can be made of hot-rolled or cold-formed steel and is arranged at intervals along the longitudinal extension direction of the louver, providing vertical and lateral structural support for the louver. In this embodiment, the truss 20 includes a base plate 200, a first vertical column 201 and staggered diagonal braces 202 set on the base plate 200, and a second vertical column 203. The base plate 200 can be fixed to the purlins or beams of the roof structure by bolts or welding. The first vertical column 201 extends vertically along the base plate 200 and is located on the inner side of the truss 20. The height of its apex is higher than the height of the apex of the staggered diagonal braces 202, forming a staggered skeleton shape, providing differential support for the roof structure 40, thereby allowing the skylight liner 401 to be installed at an inclined angle, which is conducive to the natural drainage of rainwater and the efficient entry of sunlight.
[0028] One end of the second vertical column 203 is fixedly connected to the back of the first protective plate structure 30 (i.e., the inner side of the louver), and the other end is connected to the end of the staggered diagonal brace 202, forming a lateral force-bearing connection node of the truss 20. The staggered diagonal brace 202 is arranged diagonally between the first vertical column 201 and the second vertical column 203, forming a triangular force-bearing unit with a certain rigidity, which can effectively resist the deformation of the louver under lateral loads (such as wind loads and snow loads).
[0029] The surface of the truss 20 is coated with a heat-absorbing coating. In this embodiment, the heat-absorbing coating is a black paint layer, applied to all exposed surfaces of the truss 20. After sunlight enters the air chamber through the light-transmitting panel 401, it shines on the surface of the truss 20. The high absorption rate of the black coating enables the truss 20 to convert a large amount of solar radiation energy into heat, which heats the air inside the air chamber through radiation and convection, effectively increasing the air temperature inside the chamber, thereby enhancing the thermo-pressure effect and increasing the ventilation driving force.
[0030] In this embodiment, the first protective plate structure 30 is disposed on the lower part of the lateral outer side of the truss 20, extending longitudinally along the louver, forming the external enclosure surface of the louver side. The first protective plate structure 30 is usually made of thick profiled steel plate, which has a certain structural rigidity and also serves as a wind and rain protection.
[0031] The upper edge of the first guard plate structure 30 is connected to the transverse connector 60. The transverse connector 60 is fixed horizontally on the outside of the first guard plate structure 30, serving as an intermediate component connecting the first guard plate structure 30 and the second guard plate structure 400. The transverse connector 60 can be angle steel, channel steel, or a special connecting clamp, and its cross-sectional shape should meet the connection strength requirements and facilitate on-site installation.
[0032] The lower edge of the first guard plate structure 30 is connected to the drain guard plate structure 50, and the connection between the two is sealed to prevent water from seeping in from the connection gap.
[0033] In this embodiment, the canopy structure 40 covers the top of the truss 20 and is composed of two parts: a light-transmitting panel 401 and a second panel structure 400. The light-transmitting panel 401 is inclined at the top of the truss 20, and its inclination angle corresponds to the height difference between the high and low columns inside the truss 20. It is typically at an angle similar to or the same as the roof slope to facilitate rainwater flow towards the second panel structure 400. The light-transmitting panel 401 is made of transparent or semi-transparent fiberglass board, polycarbonate board (PC board), or other materials with good light transmission. After sunlight passes through the light-transmitting panel 401 into the interior of the ventilator, a greenhouse effect is created in the enclosed interior space, causing the internal air temperature to rise continuously and strengthening the driving force of thermo-pressure ventilation. The light-transmitting panel 401 itself has a certain structural rigidity and can withstand snow loads and construction and maintenance loads. Its connection with the truss 20 uses special fixing clips or bolts, and sealing strips are installed at the connection points to ensure the waterproof performance of the roof surface.
[0034] The upper section of the second protective panel structure 400 is located on the outer side of the truss 20, with its upper edge connecting to the lower edge of the skylight protective panel 401, forming a continuous roof enclosure system. The second protective panel structure 400 includes an inclined surface 410 and a vertical surface 411 that bends inward at a certain angle from the inclined surface 410. The slope of the inclined surface 410 is close to that of the skylight protective panel 401, allowing rainwater to flow smoothly from the skylight protective panel 401 to the inclined surface 410, and then flow downward along the inclined surface 410, finally being discharged outside the louver through the drainage protective panel structure 50, without flowing into the ventilation chamber of the louver. The vertical surface 411 is formed by bending inward from the lower edge of the inclined surface 410 and is fixedly connected to the transverse connector 60, thereby connecting the second protective panel structure 400 and the first protective panel structure 30 into one unit. The vertical surface 411 forms a cantilevered shielding structure on the outer side of the louver, and an exhaust vent is formed between its cantilevered end and the upper edge of the first protective plate structure 30. Because the vertical surface 411 bends inward, the exhaust vent actually faces the inside of the louver, preventing external wind and rain from blowing directly into the exhaust vent. Even in the event of rainfall, rainwater cannot directly enter the exhaust vent due to the shielding effect of the upper inclined surface 410 and the cantilevered structure of the vertical surface 411. This structural principle solves the long-standing problem of water leakage in top-ventilated louvers.
[0035] The transverse connector 60 is fixed to the outer side of the first guard plate structure 30, so that a certain distance is maintained between the vertical surface 411 of the second guard plate structure 400 and the first guard plate structure 30. This distance is the opening size of the exhaust port. The size of the exhaust port can be determined in the design stage according to the ventilation requirements.
[0036] The ceiling structure 40 and the first protective panel structure 30 together enclose a ventilation chamber that extends longitudinally or laterally along the louver. The ventilation chamber is a connected internal space. Indoor hot air enters the ventilation chamber through the air inlet, is accelerated and heated within the chamber, and is finally discharged outdoors through the air outlet.
[0037] In this embodiment, the drainage guard structure 50 is disposed at the bottom of the first guard structure 30, extending longitudinally along the louver, with its outer edge extending into the vertical projection coverage area of the second guard structure 400. The cross-section of the drainage guard structure 50 is an inclined plate shape, forming a V-shape with the first guard structure 30. The V-shape allows rainwater to concentrate on the drainage guard structure 50 and flow towards the lowest point along the inclined direction, draining into the roof drainage system through the drainage outlet. It does not accumulate at the bottom of the louver, nor does it flow into the room. At the same time, the upper surface of the drainage guard structure 50 participates in the formation of the bottom interface of the ventilation channel, together with the lower surface of the ceiling structure 40 and the inner surface of the first guard structure 30, defining the overall outline of the streamlined ventilation channel, which will be described in detail below.
[0038] The V-shaped structure between the drainage guard plate structure 50 and the first guard plate structure 30 also has certain structural significance: the V-shaped section has good rigidity in the lateral direction, which can resist the lateral load at the bottom of the louver, reduce the loss of drainage slope due to deformation, and ensure the stability of drainage function during long-term use.
[0039] The side-suction ventilation louver of this embodiment, through the organic combination of the above basic structures, realizes the overall construction logic of lateral air intake, cantilevered and shielded exhaust vents, and V-shaped water collection and rain drainage. It completely solves the water leakage problem of traditional top-mounted ventilation louvers from the perspective of structural principle, while ensuring sufficient cross-sectional area of the ventilation chamber, providing a foundation for the introduction of various enhanced functional features in the future.
[0040] In another embodiment of the present invention, the lower surface contour of the canopy structure 40, the inner side contour of the first protective plate structure 30, and the upper surface contour of the drain protective plate structure 50 together define a streamlined ventilation channel inside the air vent, the cross-sectional area of which first contracts and then expands along the airflow direction. This ventilation channel includes three sections (not shown) from bottom to top: an air inlet, a middle throat, and an air outlet. The cross-sectional area of the middle section (throat section) is significantly smaller than the cross-sectional areas of the air inlet and the air outlet.
[0041] Specifically, the air inlet is located at the bottom of the louver, formed by an opening between the lower edge of the first protective plate structure 30 and the outer end of the drain protective plate structure 50. The opening height is typically between 80mm and 150mm, and it runs continuously along the longitudinal direction of the louver. External indoor air enters the ventilation channel from the air inlet at a relatively low velocity, resulting in a larger airflow cross-section, lower velocity, and higher pressure. After the air inlet, the cross-sectional area of the ventilation channel gradually contracts along the airflow direction. This contraction effect is jointly controlled by the relative shapes of the inclined upper surface of the drain protective plate structure 50, the inner side of the first protective plate structure 30, and the lower surface of the ceiling structure 40. The channel cross-section gradually decreases before entering the throat, and the airflow is continuously accelerated within the contracting channel. The Venturi throat is the section with the smallest cross-sectional area in the streamlined ventilation channel, forming the core acceleration zone with the highest airflow velocity and lowest static pressure. The design value of the throat cross-sectional area should be less than half of the overall cross-sectional area of the ventilation chamber. According to the fluid continuity equation, when the cross-sectional area of the throat is half that of the cross-sectional area of the air inlet, the airflow velocity through the throat will reach about twice that of the airflow velocity at the air inlet. The resulting Bernoulli low-pressure zone creates a significant suction drive on the airflow at the air inlet, greatly improving the ventilation efficiency under low external wind speed conditions.
[0042] Downstream of the throat, the cross-sectional area of the ventilation channel gradually increases, entering the expansion section. The exhaust vent is located in the downstream expansion section of the Venturi throat. The gradual expansion of the expansion section allows the high-speed airflow to partially slow down before reaching the exhaust vent, resulting in a slight increase in pressure. This reduces energy loss caused by the sudden expansion at the exhaust vent, maintaining a high overall ventilation flow rate. The exhaust vent is located between the cantilevered vertical surface 411 of the second protective plate structure 400 and the upper edge of the first protective plate structure 30. Protected by the cantilevered vertical surface 411, external wind and rain cannot directly blow in, ensuring both ventilation and rain protection.
[0043] Traditional roof-mounted ventilation louvers typically have internal channels with uniform rectangular or trapezoidal cross-sections. Airflow encounters significant resistance when passing through insect screens. Under conditions of low wind speeds (e.g., below 1 m / s) or small indoor-outdoor temperature differences (e.g., below 5°C), ventilation efficiency drops significantly, with actual air changes often falling short of design values, leading to a deterioration of the indoor thermal and humidity environment. In contrast, this embodiment utilizes a tapered-expanding streamlined channel. Through the Venturi effect, it amplifies the airflow velocity at the inlet, increasing the throat airflow velocity to 1.5 to 2.5 times that of traditional solutions under the same external conditions, resulting in a 40% to 100% increase in ventilation. In practical engineering, even with external natural wind speeds as low as 0.3 m / s, the louver maintains effective exhaust, significantly improving its practicality in light or calm weather. In addition, the tapering section of the streamlined channel has a rectifying effect on the incoming airflow, so that the airflow has a relatively uniform velocity distribution before reaching the insect net 70, reducing local blockage and energy loss caused by uneven airflow distribution, and further improving the effective ventilation area utilization rate of the insect net 70.
[0044] In a variation of this embodiment, a valve plate (not shown) is provided at the air outlet of the streamlined ventilation duct. The valve plate is mounted on the frame of the air outlet via a rotating shaft, and its rotation angle can be adjusted manually or by an electric actuator, thereby changing the effective opening area of the air outlet and achieving continuous adjustment of the air volume. In winter when the temperature is low, the valve plate can be adjusted to a small opening to reduce the exhaust volume and lower indoor heating energy consumption; in summer when the temperature is high or the indoor heat generation is large, the valve plate can be fully opened to maximize the exhaust volume and improve the indoor thermal environment. This design gives the air duct the flexibility to adapt to different climatic conditions throughout the year, avoiding the problems of excessive or insufficient ventilation caused by a fixed opening.
[0045] The valve plate should be made of a material with good weather resistance and a certain degree of rigidity to resist deformation during long-term use. After the valve plate is closed, it should form a reliable seal with the air outlet frame to prevent cold air from seeping in during winter.
[0046] In one implementation of this invention, the insect net 70 is an essential functional component of the ventilation louver, used to prevent insects, birds, fluff, and other debris from entering the building interior through the air inlet or outlet. Traditional insect nets 70 are typically installed in a planar form perpendicular to the airflow direction, creating uniform resistance to the airflow. This results in a short path for the airflow around the netting, limiting the rectification effect. In this invention, the insect net 70 is installed within a streamlined ventilation channel and is arranged in a wavy, undulating pattern. Specifically, the mounting surface of the insect net 70 forms periodic undulations in the airflow direction, with alternating raised and recessed sections. The height difference between the crests and troughs is typically 10% to 30% of the net width. The wavy arrangement of the insect net 70 improves ventilation performance in the following ways: First, compared to the flat insect net 70, the wavy arrangement increases the actual unfolded area of the insect net 70. Under the same installation width, the effective air passage area increases accordingly, the airflow resistance per unit area of the net surface decreases, and the overall ventilation resistance decreases.
[0047] Secondly, the wavy mesh surface causes a directional deflection of airflow when passing through the insect-proof netting. As airflow passes through the raised sections of the mesh, it is deflected, creating a local high-pressure zone upstream of the raised sections and a local low-pressure zone downstream; the opposite occurs in the recessed sections. This local pressure difference, alternating on both sides of the mesh surface, creates an active pressure-driven effect that guides airflow. In other words, the pressure difference changes on both sides of the mesh surface actively "pull" the airflow through the mesh openings in localized areas, reducing the overall obstruction effect of the mesh and improving ventilation efficiency at low wind speeds.
[0048] Third, the wavy mesh surface creates a certain amount of turbulence in the airflow, making the airflow mixing more uniform after passing through the insect-proof net 70. This is beneficial for the rectification of the subsequent airflow in the streamlined channel and reduces noise problems caused by excessive local flow velocity.
[0049] The mesh size of the insect net 70 should be determined based on the body size of common insects in the local area, typically using square mesh sizes of 1.0mm to 2.0mm, with wire diameters between 0.3mm and 0.6mm, to minimize the resistance coefficient of the mesh to airflow while ensuring insect control effectiveness. The insect net 70 is made of corrosion-resistant and weather-resistant stainless steel or aluminum alloy wire mesh, ensuring a long service life in humid outdoor environments. The insect net 70 is laid continuously along the longitudinal direction of the ventilation duct, with its edges fixed to the inner wall of the ventilation channel using a special clamping frame, ensuring a taut and flat mesh surface (the wavy undulation is achieved through the pre-forming of the installation frame), while also facilitating regular disassembly, cleaning, or replacement.
[0050] In a further design of this embodiment, the insect-proof net 70 is coated with a heat-absorbing coating (not shown), which is a black paint layer. After solar radiation enters the air tower through the light-transmitting panel 401, in addition to irradiating the surface of the truss 20, a considerable portion of the radiant energy also irradiates the surface of the insect-proof net 70. If the insect-proof net 70 is made of metallic original color (silver), its surface has a high reflectivity to visible light and near-infrared radiation, resulting in limited heat absorption. After coating the surface of the insect-proof net 70 with a black coating, the absorption rate is greatly improved, and the insect-proof net 70 can convert more solar radiation energy into heat, further heating the airflow flowing over the net surface. The temperature of the airflow heated by the heat-absorbing coating of the insect-proof net 70 is further increased, the difference between the airflow and the outdoor temperature increases, and the thermal pressure effect is enhanced accordingly. Under sunny conditions, the contribution of the heat-absorbing coating of the insect-proof net 70 to the temperature rise of the air inside the air tower can reach 5°C to 15°C. The corresponding increase in thermal pressure is equivalent to adding an additional driving force on the basis of the original thermal pressure, enabling the air tower to maintain a high ventilation rate even on windless sunny days. The weather resistance of the black coating should meet the requirements of the entire life cycle of the louver. Outdoor epoxy paint or acrylic paint is usually selected. The service life under normal atmospheric conditions is not less than 10 years. If necessary, it can be recoated periodically during use.
[0051] In this embodiment, the truss 20 consists of a base plate 200, a first vertical column 201, staggered diagonal web members 202, and a second vertical column 203. These components are connected as a whole by welding or bolting. The base plate 200 is the fundamental component of the truss 20, with a horizontal plate-shaped cross-section along the longitudinal direction of the truss. The lower surface of the base plate 200 rests on or is fixed to the roof purlins, while the upper surface serves as the mounting base for the columns and web members. The thickness of the base plate 200 is typically between 3mm and 6mm, and its width covers the entire lateral dimension of the truss 20.
[0052] The first vertical column 201 extends upward from the upper surface of the base plate 200, located near the inner side of the truss 20 near the ventilator. Its apex is the highest point among all the apexes of the components within the truss 20. The upper end of the first vertical column 201 serves as a support point for the higher side of the skylight panel 401, where the upper end of the skylight panel 401 rests and is fixed. The first vertical column 201 is typically a square or round tube, with the cross-sectional dimensions determined by load calculations; commonly used specifications are 40×40×3mm to 60×60×4mm square tubes. Interlaced diagonal braces 202 are arranged diagonally between the base plate 200 and the first and second vertical columns 201, forming several triangular load-bearing units. The angle between the diagonal braces and the horizontal plane is typically between 30° and 60° to ensure the load-bearing efficiency of the diagonal braces. Adjacent diagonal braces are interlaced, avoiding mutual interference between braces and increasing the overall lateral stiffness of the truss 20. The cross-section of diagonal web members is usually made of angle steel or flat steel to reduce their weight.
[0053] One end of the second vertical column 203 is fixed to the back (inner side) of the first protective panel structure 30, and the other end is connected to the end of the staggered diagonal brace 202. This structure enables the first protective panel structure 30 to form a rigid connection with the main structure of the truss 20 through the second vertical column 203, ensuring the stability of the first protective panel structure 30 under wind loads and avoiding vibration and deformation caused by the weak connection between the outer protective panel and the truss 20. The height of the apex of the second vertical column 203 is lower than the height of the apex of the first vertical column 201, and the height difference between the two is the installation tilt height difference of the skylight 401.
[0054] In this embodiment, the design of the first vertical column 201 having its apex higher than the apex of the staggered diagonal bracing 202 allows the skylight liner 401, installed on top of the truss 20, to be arranged at a certain angle, with the tilt direction facing outwards and downwards. This tilt angle serves a dual function: on the one hand, the tilted skylight liner 401 allows rainwater to flow naturally outwards, converging into the tilted surface 410 of the second liner structure 400, and then flowing into the drainage liner structure 50 for discharge; on the other hand, the tilted skylight liner 401 increases the angle of sunlight received, ensuring sufficient light intake even in winter when the solar altitude angle is low, allowing the greenhouse effect to function year-round.
[0055] The external loads (including wind load, snow load, and self-weight) borne by the louver are transferred through the following path: the loads borne by the skylight panel 401 and the first panel structure 30 are transferred to the first vertical column 201 or the second vertical column 203, respectively. The columns then converge the loads to the base plate 200 through the staggered diagonal braces 202. The base plate 200 then transfers the loads to the roof purlins or the main structural beams. This clear load transfer path makes the structural behavior of the louver clear when it bears loads, and the cross-sectional design of each component can be reasonably determined based on stress calculations, avoiding design redundancy or safety hazards caused by unclear structural systems.
[0056] The entire surface of truss 20 is coated with a black heat-absorbing coating. As mentioned above, this treatment, without affecting the structural performance of truss 20, enables truss 20 to participate in the enhancement of greenhouse thermo-pressure effect as a heat absorber inside the vent, maximizing the composite functional value of the structural components.
[0057] In this invention, under clear, windy conditions, the ventilation drive of the air louver is provided by both external wind pressure and internal thermal pressure. External wind creates positive pressure on the windward side and negative pressure on the leeward side at the air inlets on both sides of the air louver. The airflow enters the ventilation channel from the windward side air inlet, accelerates through the streamlined channel, and then flows out from the exhaust outlet. The acceleration effect of the Venturi throat makes the airflow velocity inside the air louver significantly higher than the external ambient wind speed, resulting in a continuous suction of indoor air.
[0058] Meanwhile, the light-transmitting panel 401 allows sunlight to pass through, raising the internal temperature of the louver. The black truss 20 and the black insect-proof net 70 heat-absorbing coating further enhance the accumulation of internal heat, making the air temperature inside the louver 10°C to 30°C higher than the outdoor temperature. The resulting thermal pressure provides additional buoyancy for the upward movement of airflow, which, combined with the external wind pressure, significantly increases the ventilation volume compared to traditional louvers that rely solely on wind pressure.
[0059] The wavy insect net 70 effectively reduces the resistance of airflow through the net surface under windy conditions, minimizing the impact of the insect net 70 on ventilation flow and achieving a better balance between insect prevention function and ventilation efficiency.
[0060] Under clear, windless conditions, the external wind pressure approaches zero, and the sole driving force for ventilation comes from thermal pressure. Traditional louvers almost fail under these conditions, while the louver of this invention maintains effective ventilation through the following triple thermal pressure enhancement mechanism: The first mechanism is the greenhouse effect: the light-transmitting panel 401 introduces solar radiation into the interior of the louver, forming a greenhouse within the enclosed space, causing the internal air temperature to rise rapidly. The second mechanism is the enhanced heat absorption of the light-transmitting panel 401 and its coating: the black truss 20 and the black insect-proof net 70 coating absorb solar radiation passing through the light-transmitting panel 401 a second time, converting more radiation energy into heat inside the louver, further increasing the internal temperature. The third mechanism is the thermal pressure amplification effect of the streamlined channel: the higher the temperature of the hot air inside the louver, the greater the difference in density between it and the cold air outside, resulting in stronger thermal pressure. The streamlined channel also accelerates the airflow driven by thermal pressure, further amplifying the speed of the hot airflow at the Venturi throat, maintaining a considerable ventilation flow rate.
[0061] Under typical summer sunny conditions, with an outdoor temperature of 35℃ and no wind, the internal temperature of the air louver can reach 55℃ to 65℃. The air exchange rate of the air louver driven by thermal pressure can achieve the ventilation effect equivalent to a pure wind pressure ventilation scheme with an external wind speed of 0.5m / s to 1.0m / s.
[0062] In cloudy or rainy weather, solar radiation is significantly reduced, and the greenhouse effect's amplifying effect on thermal pressure is weakened. At this time, the main driving force for ventilation comes from the natural thermal pressure formed by the heat generated by indoor production activities, as well as the wind pressure from external natural winds.
[0063] Under these conditions, the V-shaped drainage shield structure 50 fully utilizes its drainage function. After a large amount of rainfall collects on the top surface of the louver, it flows into the drainage shield structure 50 through the inclined surface 410 of the second shield structure 400, and is quickly guided to the roof drainage system along the V-shaped slope. It does not accumulate at the bottom of the louver, nor does it allow water to backflow into the louver's interior. The cantilevered vertical surface 411 completely covers the exhaust vent, preventing lateral rainfall from entering the chamber from the exhaust vent direction, thus fully ensuring the waterproof safety of the louver during heavy rain.
[0064] Under this operating condition, the valve plate can adjust its opening according to the temperature difference between indoors and outdoors. When the temperature difference between indoors and outdoors is small, the valve plate opening should be reduced appropriately to prevent a large amount of cold and humid air from entering the room, so as to maintain the thermal comfort of the room. When the heat generation in the room is large and heat dissipation needs to be strengthened, the valve plate opening should be increased appropriately to increase the ventilation frequency.
[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various combinations, modifications, or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention and should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A side-suction ventilation louver with a thermo-pressure enhancement effect, comprising end caps disposed at both ends, characterized in that, Also includes: truss; The first protective plate structure is arranged laterally outward at the lower part of the truss; A canopy structure covers the top of the truss; the canopy structure includes a light-transmitting panel inclinedly disposed on the top of the truss, and a second panel structure disposed on the outer side of the truss and connected to the edge of the light-transmitting panel; the second panel structure is fixedly connected to the first panel structure by a transverse connector; the canopy structure and the first panel structure enclose a ventilation chamber extending longitudinally or laterally. A drainage guard structure is provided at the bottom of the first guard structure and extends into the projection coverage area of the second guard structure, for collecting and draining rainwater from the top of the ventilation louver; The drainage guard structure is V-shaped and is similar to the first guard structure.
2. The side-suction ventilation louver according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lateral connector is fixed laterally to the first protective plate structure; the second protective plate structure includes an inclined surface and a vertical surface that is bent inward at a certain angle from the inclined surface; the vertical surface is fixedly connected to the lateral connector to form a cantilever structure that shields the exhaust vent.
3. The side-suction ventilation louver according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ceiling structure, the first protective plate structure, and the drainage protective plate structure define a streamlined ventilation channel inside the side-suction ventilation louver; the streamlined ventilation channel includes an air inlet and an air outlet, and the cross-sectional area of the middle section of the streamlined ventilation channel is smaller than the cross-sectional areas of the air inlet and the air outlet.
4. The side-suction ventilation louver according to claim 3, characterized in that, The streamlined ventilation channel is equipped with an insect-proof net, which is arranged in a wave-like undulation to create a pressure difference on both sides of the net surface.
5. The side-suction ventilation louver according to claim 4, characterized in that, The surface of the insect-proof net is coated with a heat-absorbing coating.
6. The side-suction ventilation louver according to claim 5, characterized in that, The heat-absorbing coating is a black paint layer, and the surface of the truss is also provided with a heat-absorbing coating.
7. The side-suction ventilation louver according to claim 3, characterized in that, The side-suction ventilation louver is also equipped with a valve plate for adjusting the air volume, and the valve plate is located at the air outlet.
8. The side-suction ventilation louver according to claim 3, characterized in that, The narrowest part of the streamlined ventilation channel forms a Venturi throat, and the exhaust port is located in the downstream expansion section of the Venturi throat.
9. The side-suction ventilation louver according to claim 8, characterized in that, The throat cross-sectional area of the streamlined ventilation duct is less than half the cross-sectional area of the ventilation chamber, so as to increase the exhaust velocity through the Venturi effect.
10. The side-suction ventilation louver according to claim 1, characterized in that, The truss includes: a base plate, a first vertical column and staggered diagonal braces disposed on the base plate, a second vertical column, one end of the second vertical column being fixed to the first protective plate structure, and the other end being connected to the end of the staggered diagonal braces; the height of the apex of the vertical column is higher than the height of the apex of the staggered diagonal braces.