A ship hull grillage structure strength test device and operating method considering load movement

Abstract

A ship hull grillage structure strength test device and operation method considering load movement, comprising a counterforce frame, a grillage test model, a vertical support module, a vertical sliding module, a vertical loading actuator, a horizontal sliding module, a horizontal loading actuator and a loading punch, the grillage test model is fixedly connected with the counterforce frame and a test site through a fixed base; the vertical support module is installed at equal intervals in front of the grillage model; the vertical sliding module is installed above the vertical support module and is driven by the vertical loading actuator; the horizontal sliding module is installed above the vertical sliding module and is driven by the horizontal loading actuator; the loading punch is installed on the side of the horizontal sliding module and is in contact with the surface of the grillage model. During the test, the vertical extrusion load is first applied by the vertical loading actuator and then kept, and then the horizontal moving load is applied by the horizontal loading actuator, so that the punch slides along the surface of the grillage, and the moving load under the working conditions such as grounding, ice collision and aircraft landing can be truly simulated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of ship hull structure strength testing devices, and in particular to a ship hull plate structure strength testing device and operating method that takes load movement into account. Background Technology

[0002] During service, the hull's local plating structure is subjected not only to out-of-plane vertical loads but also to extreme loads with significant moving characteristics. For example, when polar vessels operate in ice-covered areas, collisions with floating ice are inevitable. The ice not only exerts vertical compression on the hull plating but also creates continuous moving ice loads on the hull surface due to the relative motion between the ship and the ice, potentially causing failure of the local plating structure in extreme cases. When a ship runs aground, seabed rocks slide along the hull bottom, causing continuous moving loads on the local plating structure and even tearing damage. Furthermore, during carrier-based aircraft landings, the contact between the aircraft tires and the deck, as well as the subsequent taxiing phase, creates moving wheel imprint loads on the hull deck structure, posing a serious threat to the stability of local structures. Therefore, conducting strength tests on hull plating structures considering moving loads, and understanding the mechanical response and damage mechanisms of plating structures under moving loads, is of significant engineering importance for the optimized design and safety assessment of local hull structures.

[0003] Most existing ship hull plate structure strength testing devices employ actuators to drive a punch to apply vertical compression at a fixed point to the test model, neglecting the influence of load movement characteristics on the plate structure performance. While some devices can generate impact loads, they typically only produce transient impacts in a single direction, failing to achieve combined loading of vertical compression and lateral movement, and making it even more difficult to simulate continuous and controllable moving load conditions. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a ship hull plate structure strength testing device capable of realistically simulating the effects of moving loads. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the shortcomings of the existing production technology, the applicant provides a hull plate structure strength testing device and operation method that considers load movement, thereby enabling the application of moving loads to the hull plate structure and simulating various moving load conditions such as hull grounding, ice floe collision, and carrier-based aircraft landing.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A strength testing apparatus for a ship hull plate frame structure considering load movement, comprising: The reaction frame is fixed in the test site; The plate frame test model is fixedly connected to the reaction frame and the test site through fixed bases on all four sides. Several vertical support modules are installed at equal intervals in the test site, located in front of the plate frame test model; A vertical sliding module is installed above the vertical support module and can slide up and down along the vertical support module; A vertical loading actuator, the fixed end of which is mounted on a reaction frame, and the loading end abutting against the vertical top plate on the side of the vertical sliding module; A lateral sliding module is installed above the vertical sliding module and can slide laterally along the vertical sliding module; A lateral loading actuator, with its fixed end mounted on a reaction frame and its loading end abutting against the lateral top plate on the side of the lateral sliding module; A loading punch is installed on the side of the transverse sliding module, with its front end in contact with the surface of the plate frame test model; In the test, the device first applies and holds a vertical compressive load through a vertical loading actuator, and then applies a lateral moving load through a lateral loading actuator, causing the loading punch to slide along the surface of the plate test model.

[0006] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: The vertical support module includes a support plate, a vertical slide rail, a top rod, and a bottom support base. The bottom support base is fixed in the test site and has an internal thread machined on its top. The lower end of the top rod has an external thread that mates with the internal thread, and its upper end is fixedly connected to the support plate. A vertical slide rail is machined above the support plate. The overall height of the loading device can be changed by adjusting the thread engagement depth between the top rod and the bottom support base.

[0007] The bottom of the vertical sliding module is machined with a vertical groove that mates with the vertical slide rail, and a loading box is provided on the side. Multiple reinforcing round tubes are welded inside the loading box, and a transverse slide rail is machined on the top of the vertical sliding module.

[0008] The lateral sliding module includes a lateral top plate, a sliding guide rail, and a counterweight box. The lateral top plate is welded to the side of the counterweight box and cooperates with the end of the lateral loading actuator. The sliding guide rail is welded to the side of the counterweight box and cooperates with the lateral sliding groove on the vertical sliding module. The counterweight box has a reinforcing elbow plate welded inside and is provided with a round rod for installing the counterweight block.

[0009] The loading punch includes a punch body, a triaxial force sensor, and a punch base; the triaxial force sensor is installed between the punch body and the punch base to simultaneously measure the vertical and lateral loads applied to the plate test model during the test; the punch base is fixedly connected to the counterweight box by bolts.

[0010] The main body of the loading punch is a replaceable component, including a circular punch, a wheel-shaped punch, or a wedge-shaped punch; the circular punch is used to simulate general moving loads, the wheel-shaped punch is used to simulate the landing wheel imprint load of carrier-based aircraft, and the wedge-shaped punch is used to simulate the sliding load of floating ice or reefs.

[0011] The end of the vertical sliding module is provided with a lateral limiting plate to limit the stroke of the lateral sliding module; the end of the support plate of the vertical support module is provided with a vertical limiting plate to limit the stroke of the vertical sliding module.

[0012] An operating method for a hull plate frame structure strength testing device that considers load movement includes the following operating steps: Step 1: Adjust the thread fit depth between the top rod and the bottom support base in the vertical support module so that the front end of the loading punch is aligned with the predetermined loading area of ​​the plate frame test model; Step 2: Adjust the initial positions of the vertical sliding module and the horizontal sliding module so that the front end of the loading punch is in contact with the surface of the plate test model; Step 3: Activate the vertical loading actuator to push the vertical sliding module downward, so that the loading punch applies a vertical compressive load to the plate test model; Step 4: Monitor the vertical load value using a triaxial force sensor. When the predetermined load is reached, control the vertical loading actuator to maintain the load. Step 5: Activate the lateral loading actuator to push the lateral sliding module to move along the lateral slide rail, causing the loading punch to slide along the surface of the plate test model and apply a lateral moving load; Step 6: Simultaneously acquire vertical and lateral load data using a triaxial force sensor; Step 7: After the test, first unload the lateral loading actuator, then unload the vertical loading actuator.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: It also includes simulation steps for different working conditions: depending on the needs of the test conditions, the main body of the punch at the front end of the loading punch is replaced with a wheel-shaped punch to simulate the landing wheel imprint load of the carrier-based aircraft, or replaced with a wedge-shaped punch to simulate the sliding load of floating ice or reefs.

[0014] It also includes a counterweight adjustment step: according to the test load requirements, a corresponding number of counterweight iron blocks are installed on the round rod inside the counterweight box to adjust the initial contact pressure of the loading punch on the plate test model.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention can realistically simulate composite moving loads: This invention achieves the application of a composite moving load of "vertical compression + lateral movement" to the hull plate structure for the first time by using the timing coordination of the vertical loading actuator and the lateral loading actuator. The vertical loading actuator first applies and holds a vertical compressive load, and then the lateral loading actuator pushes the lateral sliding module to drive the loading punch to slide along the surface of the plate test model. This realistically reproduces the complete physical process of load movement under actual working conditions such as the sliding of reefs along the bottom of the ship when it is grounded, the sliding collision between polar ships and floating ice, and the landing roll of carrier-based aircraft. This invention overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies that can only apply fixed-point vertical loads or single-direction impact loads.

[0016] 2. The loading position of this invention is flexibly adjustable: This invention incorporates a threaded connection structure between the top rod and the bottom support base in the vertical support module. By adjusting the thread assembly depth, the overall height of the loading device can be changed, allowing the loading punch to be aligned with different loading areas of the plate test model. This enables the loading test of moving loads at different positions on the plate, significantly improving the versatility and applicability of the device.

[0017] 3. This invention is versatile and covers a wide range of working conditions: This invention employs a replaceable punch design, allowing the punch body at the front end to be replaced as needed for testing. A circular punch can simulate general moving loads, a wheel-shaped punch can simulate wheel imprint loads on the deck structure during aircraft landing, and a wedge-shaped punch can simulate sliding collision loads on the hull structure from grounding on underwater reefs or from sea ice. A single device can meet the testing requirements of various engineering conditions, significantly reducing the cost of testing equipment.

[0018] 4. The load measurement of this invention is accurate and reliable: This invention features a triaxial force sensor installed between the circular punch and the punch base, which can simultaneously and accurately measure the vertical load and lateral moving load applied to the plate frame test model during the test. This provides accurate experimental data support for the response characteristic analysis and failure evolution mechanism study of the hull plate frame structure under moving load.

[0019] 5. The structure of this invention is safe and reliable: The present invention provides a vertical limiting plate at the end of the support plate of the vertical support module, which can limit the stroke of the vertical sliding module and prevent the vertical sliding module from detaching from the slide rail due to failure or damage of the test model; at the same time, a lateral limiting plate is provided at the end of the vertical sliding module, which can limit the stroke of the lateral sliding module and ensure that the lateral sliding module is always within the loading range of the two vertical loading actuators, preventing local instability of the loading device and ensuring the safety of the test process.

[0020] 6. The experimental operation of this invention is simple and efficient: This invention adopts a modular design, with clear division of labor and assembly relationships among components, and standardized and uniform test operation procedures. Through the step-by-step control of the vertical loading actuator and the lateral loading actuator, operators can easily complete the entire test process from vertical load holding to lateral moving loading, resulting in good test repeatability and high data consistency. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the experimental device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly of the loading device of the experimental apparatus of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the test model of the test device of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed module of the experimental device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the test model and reaction frame assembly of the test device of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the vertical support module of the experimental device of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the vertical sliding module of the experimental device of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the transverse sliding module of the experimental device of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the loading punch installation of the test device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the reinforcing cover structure of the experimental device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the wheel-shaped punch in the experimental device of the present invention.

[0031] Among them: 10. Test site; 11. Reactor frame; 12. Anchor bolts; 20. Vertical loading actuator; 21. Lateral loading actuator; 22. Vertical top plate; 30. Fixed base; 31. Tighten the bolts; 40. Plate frame test model; 41. Boundary reinforcement framework; 50. Vertical support module; 51. Support plate; 52. Vertical slide rail; 53. Top rod; 54. Bottom support base; 55. Vertical limiting plate; 60. Vertical sliding module; 61. Vertical slide rail; 62. Lateral limiting plate; 63. Lateral slide rail; 64. Lateral slide rail; 65. Loading box; 651. Round tube; 66. Groove; 70. Horizontal sliding module; 71. Horizontal top plate; 72. Sliding guide rail; 73. Counterweight box; 74. Reinforcing elbow plate; 80. Load the punch; 801. Circular punch; 802. Triaxial force sensor; 803. Punch base; 804. Wheel-shaped punch; 90. Reinforced cover. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] like Figures 1-11 As shown, the hull plate frame structure strength testing device considering load movement in this embodiment includes: The reaction frame 11 is fixed in the test site 10; The plate frame test model 40 is fixedly connected to the reaction frame 11 and the test site 10 by the fixed base 30 and fastening bolts 31 on all four sides. Several vertical support modules 50 are installed at equal intervals in the test site 10, located in front of the plate frame test model 40; The vertical sliding module 60 is installed above the vertical support module 50 and can slide up and down along the vertical support module 50. The vertical loading actuator 20 has its fixed end mounted on the reaction frame 11, and its loading end abuts against the vertical top plate 22 on the side of the vertical sliding module 60. The lateral sliding module 70 is installed above the vertical sliding module 60 and can slide laterally along the vertical sliding module 60. The lateral loading actuator 21 has its fixed end mounted on the reaction frame 11, and its loading end abuts against the lateral top plate 71 on the side of the lateral sliding module 70. The loading punch 80 is installed on the side of the transverse sliding module 70, and its front end is in contact with the surface of the plate frame test model 40. In the test, the device first applies and holds a vertical compressive load through the vertical loading actuator 20, and then applies a lateral moving load through the lateral loading actuator 21, causing the loading punch 80 to slide along the surface of the plate test model 40.

[0034] The vertical support module 50 includes a support plate 51, a vertical slide rail 52, a top rod 53, and a bottom support base 54. The bottom support base 54 is fixed in the test site 10 and has an internal thread machined on its top. The bottom end of the top rod 53 has an external thread that mates with the internal thread, and its upper end is fixedly connected to the support plate 51. The vertical slide rail 52 is machined above the support plate 51. The overall height of the loading device can be changed by adjusting the thread engagement depth between the top rod 53 and the bottom support base 54.

[0035] The bottom of the vertical sliding module 60 is machined with a vertical sliding groove 61 that mates with the vertical slide rail 52. The side is provided with a loading box 65, and multiple reinforcing round tubes 651 are welded inside the loading box 65. A transverse slide rail 63 is machined on the top of the vertical sliding module 60.

[0036] The transverse sliding module 70 includes a transverse top plate 71, a sliding guide rail 72, and a counterweight box 73. The transverse top plate 71 is welded to the side of the counterweight box 73 and cooperates with the end of the transverse loading actuator 21. The sliding guide rail 72 is welded to the side of the counterweight box 73 and cooperates with the transverse sliding groove 64 on the vertical sliding module 60. A reinforcing elbow plate 74 is welded inside the counterweight box 73, and a round rod for installing the counterweight block is provided.

[0037] The loading punch 80 includes a punch body, a triaxial force sensor 802, and a punch base 803. The triaxial force sensor 802 is installed between the punch body and the punch base 803 and is used to simultaneously measure the vertical and lateral loads applied to the plate test model 40 during the test. The punch base 803 is fixedly connected to the counterweight box 73 by bolts.

[0038] The main body of the loading punch 80 is a replaceable component, including a circular punch 801, a wheel-shaped punch 804, or a wedge-shaped punch; the circular punch 801 is used to simulate general moving loads, the wheel-shaped punch 804 is used to simulate the landing wheel imprint load of carrier-based aircraft, and the wedge-shaped punch is used to simulate the sliding load of floating ice or reefs.

[0039] The end of the vertical sliding module 60 is provided with a horizontal limiting plate 62 to limit the stroke of the horizontal sliding module 70; the end of the support plate 51 of the vertical support module 50 is provided with a vertical limiting plate 55 to limit the stroke of the vertical sliding module 60.

[0040] The operation method of the hull plate frame structure strength testing device considering load movement in this embodiment includes the following operation steps: Step 1: Adjust the thread fit depth between the top rod 53 and the bottom support base 54 in the vertical support module 50 so that the front end of the loading punch 80 is aligned with the predetermined loading area of ​​the plate frame test model 40; Step 2: Adjust the initial positions of the vertical sliding module 60 and the horizontal sliding module 70 so that the front end of the loading punch 80 is in contact with the surface of the plate frame test model 40. Step 3: Activate the vertical loading actuator 20 to push the vertical sliding module 60 downward, so that the loading punch 80 applies a vertical compressive load to the plate frame test model 40; Step 4: Monitor the vertical load value using the triaxial force sensor 802. When the predetermined load is reached, control the vertical loading actuator 20 to maintain the load. Step 5: Activate the transverse loading actuator 21 to push the transverse sliding module 70 to move along the transverse slide rail 63, thereby driving the loading punch 80 to slide along the surface of the plate frame test model 40 and apply a transverse moving load. Step 6: Simultaneously acquire vertical and lateral load data using the triaxial force sensor 802; Step 7: After the test, first unload the lateral loading actuator 21, and then unload the vertical loading actuator 20.

[0041] It also includes simulation steps for different working conditions: depending on the test conditions, the main body of the punch at the front end of the loading punch 80 is replaced with a wheel-shaped punch 804 to simulate the landing wheel imprint load of the carrier-based aircraft, or replaced with a wedge-shaped punch to simulate the sliding load of floating ice or reefs.

[0042] It also includes a counterweight adjustment step: according to the test load requirements, a corresponding number of counterweight iron blocks are installed on the round rod inside the counterweight box 73 to adjust the initial contact pressure of the loading punch 80 on the plate frame test model 40.

[0043] like Figures 1-2 As shown, this embodiment provides a hull plate structure strength testing device that considers load movement. Its specific structure and function are as follows: The system includes a reaction frame 11, a vertical loading actuator 20, a horizontal loading actuator 21, a fixed base 30, a plate test model 40, a vertical support module 50, a vertical sliding module 60, a horizontal sliding module 70, a counterweight box 73, and a loading punch 80. In this embodiment, the bottom of the reaction frame 11 is fixed to the test site 10 by anchor bolts 12, while the sides of the plate test model 40 are mounted on the corresponding reaction frames 11 via fixed bases 30, and the bottom of the test model is mounted in the test site 10 via two fixed bases 30, thus achieving the fixed support boundary condition of the plate test model 40. Three sets of vertical support modules 50 are arranged at equal intervals in front of the plate test model 40, and their bottoms are all mounted in the test site 10 via anchor bolts 12. The vertical sliding module 60 is installed above the three vertical support modules 50. The bottoms of the two vertical loading actuators 20 are bolted to the reaction frame 11, and the loading ends are pressed against the loading box 65 on the side of the vertical sliding module 60 to apply vertical loads during the test. The transverse sliding module 70 is installed above the vertical sliding module 60, and the loading end of the transverse loading actuator 21 is matched with the transverse top plate 71 on the side of the counterweight box 73 to apply transverse moving loads during the test. The loading punch 80 is bolted to the side of the counterweight box 73, and the top of the loading punch 80 is in contact with the surface of the plate frame test model 40. In the experiment, the initial positions of the vertical sliding module 60 and the transverse sliding module 70 were adjusted so that the loading punch 80 was in close contact with the surface of the plate frame test model 40. Then, the two vertical loading actuators 20 were used to push the vertical sliding module 60 and drive the loading punch 80 to apply a vertical compressive load to the plate frame test model 40. After that, the transverse loading actuator 21 was used to push the transverse sliding module 70 and drive the loading punch 80 to slide along the surface of the plate frame test model 40, so as to achieve effective application of the moving load.

[0044] like Figures 3-5 As shown, this embodiment of the invention targets a local structure of the hull; therefore, the perimeter of the plate frame test model 40 can be considered a fixed boundary condition relative to the entire hull structure. The plate frame test model 40 is connected to the boundary reinforcement frame 41 by welding, and threaded holes are machined at both the upper and lower ends of the side of the boundary reinforcement frame 41 for mounting the fixed base 30. The top plate of the fixed base 30 is bolted to the boundary reinforcement frame 41, and the bottom plate is fixed in the test site 10 by anchor bolts 12. A cylinder is machined between the top plate and the bottom plate, and an elbow plate is welded to enhance the structural stability of the fixed base 30. In specific implementation, two sets of fixed bases 30 are installed below the plate frame test model 40, and two sets of fixed bases 30 are installed at each end of the side, ensuring that the boundary condition of the plate frame test model 40 is completely fixed.

[0045] like Figure 6As shown, the vertical support module 50 includes a support plate 51, a vertical slide rail 52, top rods 53, and a bottom support base 54. The vertical slide rail 52 is machined on the upper part of the support plate 51 for mounting the vertical sliding module 60; additionally, a vertical limiting plate 55 is designed at the end to limit the stroke of the vertical sliding module 60 during the test. Two top rods 53 are symmetrically welded along the center line below the support plate 51, and an elbow plate is welded between the upper edge of the top rod 53 and the support plate 51 to increase the structural strength. The lower edge of the top rod 53 is threaded. The bottom support base 54 is fixed to the test site 10 by anchor bolts 12, and the upper part of the bottom support base 54 is threaded and assembled with the top rods 53. During the test, by adjusting the threaded assembly depth between the top rods 53 and the bottom support base 54, the overall height of the loading device can be changed, thereby achieving different test loading positions.

[0046] like Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the bottom of the vertical sliding module 60 is machined with three vertical sliding grooves 61, and the two ends of the bottom are also machined with grooves 66, which are used to assemble the vertical slide rails 52 and support plates 51 on the vertical support module 50, respectively. The side of the vertical sliding module 60 is machined with a loading box 65, and multiple round tubes 651 are welded inside the loading box 65 to enhance the overall rigidity of the structure. The side of the loading box 65 is also welded with two transverse sliding grooves 64. The top of the vertical sliding module 60 is machined with two transverse slide rails 63 for mounting the transverse sliding module 70, and the ends of the transverse slide rails 63 are designed with transverse limiting plates 62 to control the stroke of the transverse sliding module 70.

[0047] like Figure 8 As shown, the transverse sliding module 70 includes a transverse top plate 71, sliding guide rails 72, and a counterweight box 73. The transverse top plate 71 is welded to the central area of ​​the side of the counterweight box 73 and can be matched with the loading end of the transverse loading actuator 21 for applying transverse moving loads during the test. Two sliding guide rails 72 are symmetrically arranged on the side of the counterweight box 73 and are assembled in the transverse sliding groove 64 inside the vertical sliding module 60, and the center height of the two guide rails is consistent with the height of the loading punch 80. The other side of the counterweight box 73 is fixedly connected to the loading punch 80 by bolts, and a reinforcing cover 90 is installed at the end of the loading punch 80 to enhance the shear strength of the end. A reinforcing elbow plate 74 is welded inside the counterweight box 73 to enhance the rigidity of the structure, and a round rod is also machined inside, so that corresponding iron blocks can be installed according to the counterweight requirements during the test.

[0048] like Figures 9-10As shown, the loading punch 80 includes a circular punch 801, a triaxial force sensor 802, and a punch base 803. The triaxial force sensor 802 is installed between the circular punch 801 and the punch base 803 by means of hexagon socket bolts, and is used to accurately measure the vertical load and lateral movement load applied to the plate test model 40 during the test loading process; the punch base 803 is fixedly connected to the counterweight box 73 by bolts, and the reinforcing cover 90 is installed on the outside of the punch base 803 to enhance the shear resistance of the end of the loading punch 80.

[0049] like Figure 11 As shown, for different experimental research purposes, the circular punch 801 on the front side of the loading punch 80 can be replaced. If it is replaced with a wheel-shaped punch 804, the wheel imprint load on the local plate frame structure of the deck during the landing of the carrier-based aircraft can be simulated. Similarly, by replacing other punches, the moving collision load of seabed reefs or the moving ice load of sea ice can be simulated.

[0050] This device achieves load loading on different areas of the test model through the design of the vertical support module 50; at the same time, the vertical loading actuator 20 pushes the vertical sliding module 60 and drives the loading punch 80 to apply a vertical compressive load to the test model. Then, the lateral loading actuator 21 pushes the lateral sliding module 70 to apply a lateral moving load to the test model, and finally achieves the effect of applying a moving load to the plate test model 40. Before the test begins, the initial height of the loading device can be adjusted to match the loading position of the test model by adjusting the vertical support module 50. Then, the initial positions of the vertical sliding module 60 and the horizontal sliding module 70 are adjusted so that the loading punch 80 is close to the loading point of the test model. During the test, the two vertical loading actuators 20 are first controlled to push the vertical sliding module 60, which in turn drives the loading punch 80 to apply a vertical compressive load to the plate frame test model 40. The output parameters of the triaxial force sensor 802 are read. When the vertical load reaches the specified value, the vertical loading actuator 20 maintains the load. Then, the horizontal loading actuator 21 is driven to push the horizontal sliding module 70, which in turn drives the loading punch 80 to move laterally. At the same time, the moving load acting on the test model is obtained through the triaxial force sensor 802, which is used to analyze the response characteristics of the local plate frame structure of the hull under the moving load. After the test, the horizontal loading actuator 21 unloads first, and then the vertical loading actuator 20 unloads.

[0051] In this embodiment, by machining threads on the lower end of the push rod 53 and machining threaded holes on the upper end of the bottom support base 54, the push rod 53 and the bottom support base 54 are fitted together. At the same time, by adjusting the assembly depth of the threads, the initial height of the entire loading punch 80 can be changed.

[0052] In this embodiment, the end of the support plate 51 in the vertical support module 50 is provided with a vertical limiting plate 55, which can limit the stroke of the vertical sliding module 60 and prevent the vertical sliding module 60 from disengaging from the slide rail due to the failure or damage of the test model.

[0053] In this embodiment, the end of the vertical sliding module 60 is also machined with a lateral limiting plate 62, which is used to limit the stroke of the lateral sliding module 70, ensuring that the lateral sliding module 70 is always within the loading range of the two vertical loading actuators 20, and preventing the loading device from becoming locally unstable.

[0054] In a further optimization, in this embodiment, a reinforcing cover 90 is installed at the end of the loading punch 80 to enhance the overall shear strength of the end and prevent shear failure of the end of the loading punch 80 due to excessive load during the test.

[0055] In this embodiment, a triaxial force sensor 802 is installed between the circular punch 801 and the punch base 803, which can accurately obtain the moving load acting on the test model during the loading process; at the same time, different moving load conditions can be simulated by changing the circular punch 801.

[0056] This experimental device, through the design of the vertical support module 50, allows the height of the loading device to be freely adjusted, enabling load loading on different areas of the test plate model. Simultaneously, two vertical loading actuators 20 push the vertical sliding module 60, which in turn drives the loading punch 80 to apply a vertical compressive load to the plate model. Then, a transverse loading actuator 21 pushes the transverse sliding module 70, which in turn drives the loading punch 80 to apply a transverse moving load to the plate model, ultimately achieving the application of a moving load to the plate test model 40.

[0057] This test apparatus can apply different types of moving loads by changing the shape of the loading punch 80, including moving reef grounding, moving ice collision, and wheel mark load.

[0058] This test apparatus has a simple structure, high test accuracy, reliable operation, and high safety.

[0059] The above description is an explanation of the present invention and not a limitation thereof. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Within the scope of protection of the present invention, any form of modification may be made.

Claims

1. A test apparatus for the strength of a ship hull plate structure considering load movement, characterized in that, include: The reaction frame (11) is fixed in the test site (10); The plate frame test model (40) is fixedly connected to the reaction frame (11) and the test site (10) around its perimeter by a fixed base (30); Several vertical support modules (50) are installed at equal intervals in the test site (10), located in front of the plate frame test model (40); A vertical sliding module (60) is installed above the vertical support module (50) and can slide up and down along the vertical support module (50); The vertical loading actuator (20) has its fixed end mounted on the reaction frame (11), and its loading end abuts against the vertical top plate (22) on the side of the vertical sliding module (60); A lateral sliding module (70) is installed above the vertical sliding module (60) and can slide laterally along the vertical sliding module (60); A lateral loading actuator (21) has its fixed end mounted on a reaction frame (11), and its loading end abuts against the lateral top plate (71) on the side of the lateral sliding module (70). A loading punch (80) is installed on the side of the transverse sliding module (70), and its front end contacts the surface of the plate frame test model (40); In the test, the device first applies a vertical compressive load through the vertical loading actuator (20) and holds it, and then applies a lateral moving load through the lateral loading actuator (21) so that the loading punch (80) slides along the surface of the plate test model (40).

2. The hull plate frame structure strength testing device considering load movement as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical support module (50) includes a support plate (51), a vertical slide rail (52), a top rod (53), and a bottom support base (54). The bottom support base (54) is fixed in the test site (10) and has an internal thread on its top. The bottom end of the top rod (53) has an external thread that mates with the internal thread, and its upper end is fixedly connected to the support plate (51). The vertical slide rail (52) is machined above the support plate (51). The overall height of the loading device can be changed by adjusting the thread engagement depth between the top rod (53) and the bottom support base (54).

3. The hull plate frame structure strength testing device considering load movement as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the vertical sliding module (60) is machined with a vertical sliding groove (61) that cooperates with the vertical slide rail (52), and a loading box (65) is provided on the side. Multiple reinforcing round tubes (651) are welded inside the loading box (65), and a transverse slide rail (63) is machined on the top of the vertical sliding module (60).

4. The hull plate frame structure strength testing device considering load movement as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The transverse sliding module (70) includes a transverse top plate (71), a sliding guide rail (72), and a counterweight box (73). The transverse top plate (71) is welded to the side of the counterweight box (73) and cooperates with the end of the transverse loading actuator (21). The sliding guide rail (72) is welded to the side of the counterweight box (73) and cooperates with the transverse sliding groove (64) on the vertical sliding module (60). The counterweight box (73) has a reinforcing elbow plate (74) welded inside and is provided with a round rod for installing the counterweight block.

5. The hull plate frame structure strength testing device considering load movement as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The loading punch (80) includes a punch body, a triaxial force sensor (802) and a punch base (803); the triaxial force sensor (802) is installed between the punch body and the punch base (803) and is used to simultaneously measure the vertical load and lateral load applied to the plate test model (40) during the test; the punch base (803) is fixedly connected to the counterweight box (73) by bolts.

6. The hull plate structure strength testing device considering load movement as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The main body of the loading punch (80) is a replaceable component, including a circular punch (801), a wheel-shaped punch (804), or a wedge-shaped punch; the circular punch (801) is used to simulate general moving loads, the wheel-shaped punch (804) is used to simulate the landing wheel imprint load of carrier-based aircraft, and the wedge-shaped punch is used to simulate the sliding load of floating ice or reefs.

7. The hull plate frame structure strength testing device considering load movement as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the vertical sliding module (60) is provided with a horizontal limiting plate (62) to limit the stroke of the horizontal sliding module (70); the end of the support plate (51) of the vertical support module (50) is provided with a vertical limiting plate (55) to limit the stroke of the vertical sliding module (60).

8. A method for operating the hull plate structure strength testing device considering load movement as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The following steps are included: Step 1: Adjust the thread fit depth between the top rod (53) in the vertical support module (50) and the bottom support base (54) so ​​that the front end of the loading punch (80) is aligned with the predetermined loading area of ​​the plate frame test model (40); Step 2: Adjust the initial positions of the vertical sliding module (60) and the horizontal sliding module (70) so that the front end of the loading punch (80) fits against the surface of the plate test model (40); Step 3: Start the vertical loading actuator (20) to push the vertical sliding module (60) downward, so that the loading punch (80) applies a vertical compressive load to the plate test model (40); Step 4: Monitor the vertical load value using a triaxial force sensor (802), and when the predetermined load is reached, control the vertical loading actuator (20) to maintain the load; Step 5: Activate the transverse loading actuator (21) to push the transverse sliding module (70) to move along the transverse slide rail (63), thereby driving the loading punch (80) to slide along the surface of the plate frame test model (40) and apply a transverse moving load; Step 6: Simultaneously acquire vertical and lateral load data using a triaxial force sensor (802); Step 7: After the test, first unload the lateral loading actuator (21), and then unload the vertical loading actuator (20).

9. The operating method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes different working condition simulation steps: depending on the test working condition, the main body of the punch at the front end of the loading punch (80) is replaced with a wheel-shaped punch (804) to simulate the landing wheel imprint load of the carrier-based aircraft, or replaced with a wedge-shaped punch to simulate the sliding load of floating ice or reef.

10. The operating method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a counterweight adjustment step: according to the test load requirements, a corresponding number of counterweight iron blocks are installed on the round rod inside the counterweight box (73) to adjust the initial contact pressure of the loading punch (80) on the plate frame test model (40).

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