A device and method for testing the flame retardant performance of a flame-retardant textile fabric

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of textile fabric testing technology, and provides a device and method for testing the flame retardant performance of flame-retardant textile fabrics. The device includes a test chamber, a clamping assembly, and an igniter. It also includes: a detachment assembly for removing burned portions from the fabric sample; and a detection assembly for detecting the area of ​​the fabric sample. The detection assembly includes a light source and a photosensitive area arranged opposite each other. An array of photosensitive probes is arranged in the photosensitive area. Before testing, the detection assembly detects the initial area of ​​the fabric sample. After the fabric sample is burned, the detachment assembly removes the burned portions from the fabric sample, and then the detection assembly detects the area of ​​the fabric sample after burning. The flame retardancy of the tested fabric is defined by the difference between the initial area and the area after burning. This testing device is not affected by the blackening during the burning of the flame-retardant fabric, ensuring a true assessment of the flame retardant performance of the tested fabric. Furthermore, the overall manufacturing and maintenance costs are low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of textile fabric testing technology, specifically to a device and method for testing the flame retardant performance of flame-retardant textile fabrics. Background Technology

[0002] The evaluation of the flame retardant performance of flame-retardant textile fabrics is a key step in ensuring their safe application in high-risk protection, transportation, home decoration and other fields. At present, the industry uses the standard GB / T 8746-2009 "Determination of the flammability of vertical test specimens of textiles" to apply a standard flame source with a specific flame height, temperature and duration to specific points of the test specimen under the specified test environment. After the combustion behavior is terminated, the flame retardant level is determined by evaluating the burning damage. Among them, the damaged area is one of the core parameters for quantifying flame retardant performance.

[0003] Currently, most methods rely on machine vision and image recognition technology to automatically analyze the area of ​​damage to fabrics after burning. However, when flame-retardant textiles are exposed to fire, the flame retardants typically work at high temperatures by promoting fiber charring, dehydration and carbonization, or forming an expanded char layer. This process is often accompanied by incomplete combustion of the fiber's organic matter, producing a large amount of smoke and black char particles. These smoke and char particles deposit around the burning area, forming a blackened area on the fabric surface. This blackened area is difficult to distinguish accurately from the actual structural damage area (i.e., the area where the fabric is transformed into brittle carbon due to burning) in a visual image using algorithms. Image recognition technology will include this blackened area, resulting in a calculated "charred area" larger than the actual structural damage area, affecting the true assessment of the fabric's flame-retardant performance. Furthermore, achieving high-precision image acquisition and analysis requires high-performance industrial cameras, uniform and stable lighting systems, and complex image processing software, resulting in high hardware and software integration and maintenance costs.

[0004] Therefore, this invention proposes a flame-retardant performance testing device and method for flame-retardant textile fabrics to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device and method for testing the flame retardant properties of flame-retardant textile fabrics, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A flame-retardant performance testing device for flame-retardant textile fabrics includes a test chamber, a clamping assembly disposed within the test chamber for flattening and fixing the flame-retardant textile fabric sample, and an igniter for applying a standard flame source to the fabric sample. It also includes: A detachment assembly used to remove the burned and damaged parts from a fabric sample. A detection component for detecting the area of ​​a fabric sample includes a light source and a photosensitive area arranged opposite each other. The photosensitive area is arrayed with photosensitive probes for sensing the light emitted by the light source. A clamping component is positioned between the light source and the photosensitive area. Before the fabric sample combustion test, the initial value of the fabric sample area is detected by the detection component. After the fabric sample combustion test, the burned and damaged parts on the fabric sample are first removed by a detachment component, and then the area value of the fabric sample after combustion is detected by the detection component. The flame retardancy of the tested fabric is defined by the difference between the initial value of the fabric sample area and the area value after combustion.

[0007] In one alternative: the clamping assembly is detachably installed in the test chamber, and the clamping assembly is U-shaped as a whole, including a bottom frame and a pressure frame that snaps into the bottom frame, and the bottom frame is also provided with a lower baseline for placing the fabric sample.

[0008] In one alternative: the detachment assembly includes a U-shaped support member, two sets of fragmentation components disposed opposite each other on the support member for driving the burned and damaged parts of the fabric sample to break apart, and a displacement component for driving the support member to move so that the clamping assembly is located between the two sets of fragmentation components.

[0009] In one alternative: the breaking component includes an installation component and several telescopic components for driving the installation component to reciprocate. The installation component is provided with an array of breaking protrusions. Each breaking protrusion includes a column portion and a breaking portion. The column portion and the breaking portion are slidably fitted together by a sleeve groove. The sleeve groove is also provided with an elastic element.

[0010] In one alternative: the detachment assembly further includes a slide table slidably disposed in the test chamber and a slag box disposed on the slide table for receiving carbonized fabric fragments, the igniter is disposed on the slide table, a linkage rod is provided between the carrier and the slide table, and when the clamping assembly is located between the two sets of broken parts, the slag box is located below the clamping assembly.

[0011] In one alternative: the mounting component is hollow inside and has uniformly distributed chip suction holes on one side facing the center of the carrier component, and the broken component also includes a chip suction fan and a chip collection box for creating a negative pressure inside the mounting component.

[0012] In one alternative embodiment: the displacement component includes a boss on the support member and a lead screw and a guide rod in the test chamber, the lead screw passing through the boss in a threaded engagement, the guide rod slidingly passing through the boss, and the displacement component further includes a drive member for driving the lead screw to rotate.

[0013] A method for testing the flame retardant performance of flame-retardant textile fabrics, using the flame retardant performance testing device for flame-retardant textile fabrics as described in any of the above technical solutions, includes the following steps: S1: Fix the standard-sized flame-retardant textile fabric sample flat using the clamping assembly and suspend it in the set position inside the test chamber. S2: The initial value of the fabric sample area is detected by the detection component. Specifically, the clamping component is positioned between the light source and the photosensitive area. Parallel light is generated by the light source and directed toward the clamping component. The number of photosensitive probes that can sense the light emitted by the light source is represented as the initial value of the fabric sample area. S3: Apply a standard flame source with specific flame height, temperature and duration to the test points of the fabric sample using an igniter; S4: After the burning behavior ends, the burned and damaged part of the fabric sample is detached by the detachment component. Then, the area value of the fabric sample after burning is detected by the detection component, that is, the number of photosensitive probes that can sense the light emitted by the light source after burning. The flame retardancy of the tested fabric is evaluated by the difference between the initial area value of the fabric sample and the area value after burning. The larger the difference, the larger the burned and damaged area of ​​the fabric sample under the set conditions, and the worse the flame retardancy. Conversely, the smaller the difference, the better the flame retardancy of the tested fabric.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: First, the initial area of ​​the fabric sample is detected by the detection component. Then, a standard flame source with a specific flame height, temperature, and duration is applied to the test points of the fabric sample by an igniter. After the combustion behavior ends, the burned and damaged parts of the fabric sample are detached by the detachment component. Subsequently, the area of ​​the fabric sample after combustion is detected by the detection component, that is, the number of photosensitive probes that can sense the light emitted by the light source after combustion. The flame retardancy of the tested fabric is evaluated by the difference between the initial area of ​​the fabric sample and the area after combustion. The larger the difference, the larger the burned and damaged area of ​​the fabric sample under the set conditions, and the worse the flame retardancy. Conversely, the smaller the difference, the better the flame retardancy of the tested fabric. This testing device is not affected by the blackening during the combustion of flame-retardant fabric, ensuring the true flame retardancy performance evaluation of the tested fabric. Moreover, the overall manufacturing and maintenance costs of the testing device are low.

[0015] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. Furthermore, these drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concepts of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to specific embodiments.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a partial schematic diagram showing the arrangement between the detachment component and the detection component in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the broken protrusion in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a front view of the mounting component in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0022] Figure reference numerals: 1-Test box, 2-Clamping assembly, 3-Igniter, 4-Dropout assembly, 401-Bearing component, 402-Fragmented component, 4021-Mounting component, 4022-Dust suction fan, 4023-Telescopic component, 4024-Fragmentation protrusion, 40241-Column part, 40242-Fragmentation part, 40243-Sleeve groove, 40244-Elastic component, 4025-Dust collection box, 4026-Dust suction hole, 403-Displacement component, 4031-Boss, 4032-Lead screw, 4033-Guide rod, 4034-Drive component, 404-Slide table, 405-Dust box, 406-Linkage rod, 5-Detection assembly, 501-Light source component, 502-Photosensitive probe. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0024] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 A flame-retardant performance testing device for flame-retardant textile fabrics includes a test chamber 1, a clamping assembly 2 disposed in the test chamber 1 for flattening and fixing the flame-retardant textile fabric sample, and an igniter 3 for applying a standard flame source to the fabric sample. It also includes: 4 is a detachment component used to remove the burned and damaged parts of the fabric sample. A detection component 5 for detecting the area of ​​a fabric sample includes a light source 501 and a photosensitive area arranged opposite each other. The photosensitive area is arrayed with photosensitive probes 502 for sensing the light emitted by the light source 501 (the photosensitive probes 502 have a small radial area and are densely arranged). The clamping component 2 can be located between the light source 501 and the photosensitive area. Before the fabric sample combustion test, the initial value of the fabric sample area is detected by the detection component 5. After the fabric sample combustion test, the burned and damaged part on the fabric sample is first removed by the detachment component 4, and then the area value of the fabric sample after combustion is detected by the detection component 5. The flame retardancy of the tested fabric is defined by the difference between the initial value of the fabric sample area and the area value after combustion.

[0025] It should be noted that the test chamber 1 is also provided with a door on the front side (not shown in the figure). The door is provided with a transparent observation window for observing the burning state of the fabric sample and a control panel for controlling the operation of the test device.

[0026] First, a standard-sized flame-retardant textile fabric sample is flattened and fixed in place by the clamping assembly 2 and suspended in a predetermined position inside the test chamber 1. Then, the initial value of the fabric sample area is detected by the detection assembly 5. Specifically, the clamping assembly 2 (i.e., the fabric sample) is positioned between the light source 501 and the photosensitive area. Parallel light is generated by the light source 501 and directed towards the clamping assembly 2. Some photosensitive probes 502 cannot detect the light emitted by the light source 501 due to the obstruction of the clamping assembly 2 and the fabric sample. The number of photosensitive probes 502 that can detect the light emitted by the light source 501 (the larger the number, the smaller the fabric sample area) represents the initial value of the fabric sample area. Then, a specific igniter 3 is used to apply a specific ignition point to the fabric sample test area. The standard flame source with flame height, temperature, and duration is used. After the combustion behavior ends, the burned and damaged parts of the fabric sample are detached by the detachment component 4. Then, the area value of the fabric sample after combustion is detected by the detection component 5, that is, the number of photosensitive probes 502 that can sense the light emitted by the light source component 501 after combustion. The flame retardancy of the tested fabric is evaluated by the difference between the initial area value and the area value after combustion. The larger the difference, the larger the burned and damaged area of ​​the fabric sample under the set conditions, and the worse the flame retardancy. Conversely, the smaller the difference, the better the flame retardancy of the tested fabric. The testing device is not affected by the blackening of the flame-retardant fabric during combustion, ensuring the true flame retardancy performance evaluation of the tested fabric. Moreover, the overall manufacturing and maintenance cost of the testing device is low.

[0027] Furthermore, the clamping component 2 is detachably (e.g., via positioning pins, buckles, etc.) installed in the test box 1, and the clamping component 2 is U-shaped in general, including a bottom frame and a pressure frame that is snapped together with the bottom frame (the pressure frame and the bottom frame can be snapped together by magnetic attraction, buckles, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment). The bottom frame is also provided with a lower baseline for placing the fabric sample (not shown in the figure). When placing the fabric sample, first remove the clamping component 2 from the test box 1 (for easy operation), then place one side of the fabric sample flush with the lower baseline and snap the upper pressure frame, and then reinstall the clamping component 2. The side of the fabric sample that is flush with the lower baseline is the lower side, and the distance between it and the igniter 3 is the set distance.

[0028] Please see Figures 1-5 In one embodiment of the present invention, the detachment component 4 includes a U-shaped support member 401, two sets of fragmentation components 402 disposed opposite to each other on the support member 401 for driving the burned and damaged parts of the fabric sample to break apart, and a displacement component 403 for driving the support member 401 to move so that the clamping component 2 is located between the two sets of fragmentation components 402. The fragmentation component 402 includes a mounting component 4021 and several telescopic components 4023 (the 4023 being an electric telescopic rod, telescopic cylinder, etc. in the prior art) for driving the mounting component 4021 to reciprocate. The mounting component 4021 is provided with an array of fragmentation protrusions 4024. Each fragmentation protrusion 4024 includes a column portion 40241 and a fragmentation portion 40242. The column portion 40241 and the fragmentation portion 40242 are slidably fitted together by a sleeve groove 40243. The sleeve groove 40243 is also provided with an elastic element 40244 (the elastic element 40244 being a spring, elastic rubber column, etc.). The displacement component 403 includes a boss 4031 on the support member 401 and a lead screw 4032 and a guide rod 4033 in the test box 1. The lead screw 4032 passes through the boss 4031 in a threaded manner, and the guide rod 4033 slides through the boss 4031. The displacement component 403 also includes a drive component 4034 for driving the lead screw 4032 to rotate (the drive component 4034 is a servo motor, stepper motor, etc. in the prior art).

[0029] In this embodiment, the drive member 4034 drives the lead screw 4032 to rotate, thereby causing the bearing member 401 to move laterally, which in turn causes the two sets of fragmented parts 402 to move accordingly. After the combustion behavior ends, the two sets of fragmented parts 402 move laterally to a position directly opposite to the clamping assembly 2. The telescopic member 4023 cyclically extends and retracts to set the stroke, causing the mounting member 4021 to move closer to / away from the fabric sample cyclically. This causes the broken protrusion 4024 to continuously impact and contact the fabric sample, causing the burned and damaged parts of the fabric sample to fall off (the burned and damaged area of ​​the flame-retardant textile fabric is carbonized and brittle, and it breaks and pulverizes under the impact of the broken protrusion 4024). The broken part 40242 in the broken protrusion 4024 that is in contact with the intact part of the fabric sample can adaptively shrink, so as not to cause a large resistance force on the intact part of the fabric sample, thereby avoiding the fabric sample being stretched and deformed, which would affect the test accuracy.

[0030] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the detachment component 4 further includes a slide table 404 slidably disposed in the test chamber 1 and a slag box 405 disposed on the slide table 404 for receiving carbonized fabric fragments. The igniter 3 is disposed on the slide table 404. A linkage rod 406 is provided between the support member 401 and the slide table 404. When the clamping component 2 is located between the two sets of fragmented components 402, the slag box 405 is located below the clamping component 2. The mounting member 4021 is hollow inside and faces the center of the support member 401. The side of the component is evenly provided with dust collection holes 4026. The broken component 402 also includes a dust collection fan 4022 for creating a negative pressure inside the mounting component 4021 and a dust collection box 4025. During the process of the broken protrusion 4024 repeatedly hitting the carbonized and damaged part of the fabric sample, a certain amount of dust (i.e., fine particles produced by the pulverization phenomenon) will be generated. The dust is absorbed by the negative pressure adsorption effect generated by the dust collection fan 4022 and temporarily stored in the dust collection box 4025, thereby avoiding dust dispersion and pollution.

[0031] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the detection component 5 is disposed on the carrier 401, and its position is adjusted as the carrier 401 moves, thereby enabling the clamping component 2 to be located between the light source 501 and the photosensitive area.

[0032] This invention also provides a method for testing the flame retardant performance of flame-retardant textile fabrics, using the flame retardant performance testing device for flame-retardant textile fabrics described in any of the above technical solutions, comprising the following steps: S1: The standard-sized flame-retardant textile fabric sample is flattened and fixed in place by the clamping component 2 and suspended in the set position inside the test chamber 1. S2: The initial value of the fabric sample area is detected by the detection component 5. Specifically, the clamping component 2 is positioned between the light source 501 and the photosensitive area. Parallel light is generated by the light source 501 towards the clamping component 2. The number of photosensitive probes 502 that can sense the light emitted by the light source 501 is represented as the initial value of the fabric sample area. S3: Apply a standard flame source with specific flame height, temperature and duration to the test points of the fabric sample through igniter 3; S4: After the burning behavior ends, the burned and damaged part of the fabric sample is detached by the detachment component 4. Then, the area value of the fabric sample after burning is detected by the detection component 5, that is, the number of photosensitive probes 502 that can sense the light emitted by the light source component 501 after burning. The flame retardancy of the tested fabric is evaluated by the difference between the initial value of the fabric sample area and the area value after burning. The larger the difference, the larger the burned and damaged area of ​​the fabric sample under the set conditions, and the worse the flame retardancy. Conversely, the smaller the difference, the better the flame retardancy of the tested fabric.

[0033] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A flame-retardant performance testing device for flame-retardant textile fabrics, comprising a test chamber (1), a clamping assembly (2) disposed in the test chamber (1) for flattening and fixing flame-retardant textile fabric samples, and an igniter (3) for applying a standard flame source to the fabric samples, characterized in that, Also includes: A detachment assembly (4) used to remove the burned and damaged parts from the fabric sample. The detection component (5) for detecting the area of ​​the fabric sample includes a light source (501) and a photosensitive area arranged opposite each other. The photosensitive area is arrayed with photosensitive probes (502) for sensing the light emitted by the light source (501). The clamping component (2) can be located between the light source (501) and the photosensitive area. Before the fabric sample combustion test, the initial value of the fabric sample area is detected by the detection component (5). After the fabric sample combustion test, the burned and damaged part on the fabric sample is first removed by the detachment component (4), and then the area value of the fabric sample after combustion is detected by the detection component (5). The flame retardancy of the tested fabric is defined by the difference between the initial value of the fabric sample area and the area value after combustion.

2. The flame-retardant performance testing device for flame-retardant textile fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping assembly (2) is detachably installed in the test box (1), and the clamping assembly (2) is U-shaped in whole, including a bottom frame and a pressure frame that is fastened to the bottom frame. The bottom frame is also provided with a lower baseline for placing the fabric sample.

3. The flame-retardant performance testing device for flame-retardant textile fabrics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detachment assembly (4) includes a U-shaped support member (401), two sets of fragmentation components (402) disposed opposite to each other on the support member (401) for driving the fabric sample to burn and break the damaged part, and a displacement component (403) for driving the support member (401) to move so that the clamping assembly (2) is located between the two sets of fragmentation components (402).

4. The flame-retardant performance testing device for flame-retardant textile fabrics according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fragmentation component (402) includes a mounting component (4021) and several telescopic components (4023) for driving the mounting component (4021) to reciprocate. The mounting component (4021) is provided with an array of fragmentation protrusions (4024). Each fragmentation protrusion (4024) includes a column portion (40241) and a fragmentation portion (40242). The column portion (40241) and the fragmentation portion (40242) are slidably fitted together by a sleeve groove (40243). An elastic element (40244) is also provided in the sleeve groove (40243).

5. The flame-retardant performance testing device for flame-retardant textile fabrics according to claim 3, characterized in that, The shedding assembly (4) also includes a slide (404) slidably disposed in the test chamber (1) and a slag box (405) disposed on the slide (404) for receiving carbonized fabric fragments. The igniter (3) is disposed on the slide (404). A linkage rod (406) is provided between the carrier (401) and the slide (404). When the clamping assembly (2) is located between the two sets of broken parts (402), the slag box (405) is located below the clamping assembly (2).

6. The flame-retardant performance testing device for flame-retardant textile fabrics according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mounting component (4021) is hollow inside and has uniformly distributed chip suction holes (4026) on one side facing the center of the support component (401). The broken component (402) also includes a chip suction fan (4022) for creating a negative pressure inside the mounting component (4021) and a chip collection box (4025).

7. The flame-retardant performance testing device for flame-retardant textile fabrics according to claim 3, characterized in that, The displacement component (403) includes a boss (4031) on the support member (401) and a lead screw (4032) and a guide rod (4033) in the test box (1). The lead screw (4032) passes through the boss (4031) in a threaded manner, and the guide rod (4033) slides through the boss (4031). The displacement component (403) also includes a drive member (4034) for driving the lead screw (4032) to rotate.

8. A method for testing the flame retardant performance of flame-retardant textile fabrics, using the flame retardant performance testing device for flame-retardant textile fabrics as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Fix the standard-sized flame-retardant textile fabric sample flat and hang it in the test chamber (1) at the set position using the clamping assembly (2); S2: The initial value of the fabric sample area is detected by the detection component (5), specifically: the clamping component (2) is positioned between the light source (501) and the photosensitive area, and parallel light is generated by the light source (501) toward the clamping component (2). The number of photosensitive probes (502) that can sense the light emitted by the light source (501) is expressed as the initial value of the fabric sample area. S3: Apply a standard flame source with a specific flame height, temperature and duration to the test point of the fabric sample through the igniter (3); S4: After the burning behavior is terminated, the burned and damaged part of the fabric sample is removed by the detachment component (4). Then, the area value of the fabric sample after burning is detected by the detection component (5), that is, the number of photosensitive probes (502) that can sense the light emitted by the light source component (501) after burning. The flame retardancy of the tested fabric is evaluated by the difference between the initial value of the fabric sample area and the area value after burning. The larger the difference, the larger the burned and damaged area of ​​the fabric sample under the set conditions, and the worse the flame retardancy. Conversely, the smaller the difference, the better the flame retardancy of the tested fabric.

Images