A GIS insulation test operation method and system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of insulation testing technology, specifically to a method and system for controlling insulation testing of GIS (Gas Insulation System). The method includes the following steps: acquiring the GIS under test and insulation test requirements, generating a target state queue; collecting the electrical feedback status of the GIS control cabinet to form a first criterion, collecting the actual mechanical positions of switches, disconnectors, and grounding switches to form a second criterion, and obtaining standard real-time state data through synchronous processing; constructing a GIS test state model based on the target state queue and the standard real-time state data, determining whether the current state is consistent with the target state, outputting a state adjustment command when inconsistent, and triggering a lightning impulse test, power frequency withstand voltage test, or partial discharge test when consistent and meeting the test permitting conditions; and switching to the next target state or resetting to the initial state after the test is completed. This invention improves the accuracy, efficiency, and safety of GIS insulation test state confirmation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of insulation testing technology, and specifically to an insulation testing control method and system for GIS. Background Technology

[0002] Gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear (GIS) is widely used in high-voltage, ultra-high-voltage, and extra-high-voltage power transmission and transformation fields. Before leaving the factory, it typically requires lightning impulse tests, power frequency withstand voltage tests, and partial discharge tests on the isolating contacts, circuit breaker contacts, and the entire unit to ground. Different test items correspond to different open / closed states of circuit breakers, disconnectors, grounding switches, and disconnectors, and the same equipment under test often needs to complete insulation tests sequentially according to multiple test states. In high-voltage test scenarios, the accuracy of the test states, the actual mechanical positions of switches and disconnectors, and the fulfillment of grounding requirements directly affect the correctness of the test circuit and the safety of test personnel. Therefore, how to uniformly acquire, verify, and control the target test states, electrical feedback states, actual mechanical position states, and test equipment startup conditions during the GIS factory insulation test has become a key issue for improving test efficiency and safety.

[0003] In current GIS insulation testing processes, personnel often rely on manually switching the states of circuit breakers, disconnectors, grounding switches, and disconnectors according to the test plan, and confirming the equipment status through manual observation or feedback from a single auxiliary node. This method not only requires personnel to frequently enter and exit the test hall, resulting in a lengthy test process and high operational intensity, but also easily leads to problems such as auxiliary node adhesion, control circuit malfunctions, improper transmission mechanisms, unclear mechanical indications, or incomplete state switching, making it difficult to detect discrepancies between the target state and the actual state in a timely manner. Furthermore, the current method lacks automatic generation of multiple test target states, state switching path judgment, dual state confirmation, safety interlock verification, and test process traceability records, making it difficult to ensure that lightning impulse tests, power frequency withstand voltage tests, and partial discharge tests are always performed under correct, safe, and traceable equipment conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems in the background technology that lead to low testing efficiency, high safety risks, and difficulty in status traceability during GIS insulation testing, such as the reliance on manual operation for switching and disconnector status switching, insufficient confirmation of actual equipment position, and lack of linkage verification for test permits. The invention proposes a control method and system for GIS insulation testing.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention: a method for controlling insulation testing of GIS, comprising: S1. Obtain the GIS information of the test subject and the insulation test requirements, and generate a target status queue containing the target status of the corresponding switches, disconnectors and grounding switches for each test item; S2. Collect the electrical feedback status of the GIS control cabinet to form the first criterion, and collect the actual mechanical positions of switches, disconnectors and grounding switches to form the second criterion; S3. Synchronize the first and second criteria to obtain standard real-time status data; S4. Construct a GIS test state model based on the target state queue and standard real-time state data, and determine whether the current state is consistent with the current target state; output a state adjustment command when they are inconsistent, and trigger the corresponding insulation test unit when they are consistent and the test permission conditions are met. S5. After the test is completed, switch to the next target state or reset to the initial state.

[0006] Preferably, the GIS information of the test subject and the insulation test requirements are obtained, and a target state queue is generated, including: Obtain the GIS model, rated voltage, bay number, phase, circuit breaker number, disconnector number, grounding switch number, disconnector number, test items, tested contacts, and test sequence; According to the GIS model, the corresponding test state template is called, and the isolation break test, circuit breaker break test, whole machine to ground test, lightning impulse test, power frequency withstand voltage test and partial discharge test are converted into the corresponding switch, disconnector and grounding switch target states respectively, and the target state queue is formed according to the test sequence.

[0007] Preferably, the first criterion includes the open position auxiliary node signal and the closed position auxiliary node signal of the circuit breaker, disconnector, grounding switch and knife switch, and also includes the energy storage status signal, the control circuit power supply status signal, the interlocking circuit status signal and the remote-to-local switching status signal; when the open position auxiliary node and the closed position auxiliary node of the same device are simultaneously turned on or simultaneously turned off, the first criterion of the device is marked as an electrical abnormal state.

[0008] Preferably, the second criterion is formed by collecting the actual mechanical positions of switches, disconnectors, and grounding switches, including: The visual position status is obtained by acquiring images of the opening and closing indicators, position marks, mechanism pointers, transmission crank arms or linkages of switches, disconnectors or grounding switches through a visual acquisition device, and by performing recognition area positioning, indicator component segmentation and status classification on the images; or by acquiring position, angle, magnetic field change or stroke through position sensors installed at the transmission shaft, operating mechanism crank arm, opening and closing indicator mechanism or moving linkage. A second criterion is formed based on the visual position state or the sensor position state.

[0009] Preferably, the first criterion and the second criterion are processed simultaneously, including: Each auxiliary node, each visual recognition area, and each position sensor is associated with a corresponding device number. The first and second criteria are aligned according to the collection time. Filter out auxiliary node jitter, visual occlusion, and sensor jumps; Perform mutual exclusion verification on the split and combined states of the same device; Each device status is encoded as a split bit, a merge bit, a transition bit, an abnormal bit, or an unavailable bit.

[0010] Preferably, the GIS experimental state model is constructed, including: Construct a target state model based on the target state queue; Construct a real-time state model based on standard real-time state data; A state transition model is constructed based on the primary wiring relationships of GIS, the action constraints of switches and disconnectors, and the interlocking relationships. A test permit model is constructed based on state consistency, grounding status, communication status, test equipment self-test status, and personnel safety interlock status.

[0011] Preferably, determining whether the current state is consistent with the current target state includes: Read the current target state from the target state model, and read the first criterion state and the second criterion state of the corresponding device from the real-time state model; Determine whether the first criterion state is consistent with the current target state, whether the second criterion state is consistent with the current target state, and whether the first criterion state is consistent with the second criterion state, respectively. When all devices participating in the current test meet the above criteria and there are no transition bits, abnormal bits, or unusable bits, the current state is determined to be consistent with the current target state.

[0012] Preferably, when the current state is inconsistent with the current target state, the switch, disconnector or grounding switch that needs to be activated is determined according to the state transition model, and it is judged whether the corresponding action meets the action sequence and interlocking conditions; if it meets the conditions, the opening or closing command is output to the GIS control cabinet control circuit; if it does not meet the conditions, the output of control command is prohibited and alarm information is generated; after the control command is output, the first criterion and the second criterion are collected, and the action is judged whether it is completed according to the state change process.

[0013] Preferably, the test permitting conditions include: all switches, disconnectors, and grounding switches involved in the current target state have reached the target state; the first criterion is consistent with the target state; the second criterion is consistent with the target state; the first criterion is consistent with the second criterion; there are no transition positions, abnormal positions, or unavailable positions; the GIS control cabinet control circuit, interlocking circuit, communication link, and sensor link are normal; the lightning impulse test unit or power frequency withstand voltage and partial discharge test unit passes self-test; and the access control, emergency stop, fence interlock, audible and visual alarm, and personnel evacuation confirmation status of the test hall meet the test start requirements.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the above-mentioned technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: This invention converts the GIS information under test and insulation test requirements into a target state queue, enabling the automatic organization and recall of the switch, disconnector, and grounding switch states required for isolation break tests, circuit breaker break tests, whole-machine-to-ground tests, lightning impulse tests, power frequency withstand voltage tests, and partial discharge tests according to the test sequence. It collects the electrical feedback state of the GIS control cabinet through a first criterion and the actual mechanical position state through a second criterion. The two types of criteria are then time-aligned, de-jittered, mutually exclusive, and state-coded, thus eliminating the need for manual item-by-item verification of equipment status before each test. Through dual verification of electrical feedback state and actual mechanical position state, it can identify auxiliary node anomalies, control loop feedback anomalies, mechanical mechanism misalignment, visual recognition anomalies, or position sensor anomalies, ensuring that the actual state of the GIS under test is consistent with the target test state before the test is triggered, improving the accuracy of status verification and test preparation efficiency. This invention further utilizes a GIS-based test state model to uniformly manage target state, real-time state, state transition, and test permits. When the current state differs from the target state, it can generate opening or closing adjustment commands based on the state transition model, and after the action is completed, it continues to confirm the action result through the first and second criteria. Only when the states are consistent and the grounding state, communication state, insulation test unit self-inspection state, personnel safety interlock state, and anomaly elimination state all meet the requirements are the lightning impulse test unit or power frequency withstand voltage and partial discharge test unit allowed to be triggered. This reduces the number of times test personnel frequently enter the test hall for manual switching and manual confirmation, lowers the operational risks under high-voltage test environments, and records the target state, real-time criteria, action commands, permit results, test data, anomaly information, and reset confirmation results through the test process recording unit, ensuring that each insulation test has traceable evidence, facilitating factory test quality management and anomaly location. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an insulation test control method for GIS proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] Example 1, as Figure 1 As shown, the present invention proposes an insulation test control method for GIS, comprising: S1. Obtain the GIS information of the test subject and the insulation test requirements, and generate a target status queue containing the target status of the corresponding switches, disconnectors and grounding switches for each test item; S2. Collect the electrical feedback status of the GIS control cabinet to form the first criterion, and collect the actual mechanical positions of switches, disconnectors and grounding switches to form the second criterion; S3. Synchronize the first criterion and the second criterion to obtain standard real-time status data; S4. Construct a GIS test state model based on the target state queue and standard real-time state data, and determine whether the current state is consistent with the current target state; output a state adjustment command when they are inconsistent, and trigger the corresponding insulation test unit when they are consistent and the test permission conditions are met. S5. After the test is completed, switch to the next target state or reset to the initial state.

[0017] Specifically, this invention is applied to the factory insulation test scenario of gas-insulated metal-enclosed combined electrical appliances. The execution entity consists of a test operation platform located outside the test hall, and an industrial controller, PLC digital input / output module, GIS control cabinet, visual acquisition device, position sensor, lightning impulse test unit, power frequency withstand voltage and partial discharge test unit, and test process recording unit connected to the test operation platform. Before the test begins, the test personnel connect the GIS under test to the test circuit and complete the high-voltage test wiring. They then enter the GIS under test information and insulation test requirements into the test operation platform. The GIS under test information includes the GIS model, rated voltage, bay number, phase, circuit breaker number, disconnector number, grounding switch number, and disconnector number. The insulation test requirements include the test items, the tested break point, the test phase, the test sequence, the test type, the allowed insulation test units, and the reset requirements after the test. The test operation platform writes the above information into the target state configuration unit. The target state configuration unit calls a pre-established test state template according to the GIS model. The test state template is configured according to the GIS primary wiring relationship and the circuit breaker break point test... The requirements for the test include: isolation break test requirements, whole machine to ground test requirements, lightning impulse test requirements, power frequency withstand voltage test requirements, and partial discharge test requirements. Record the open, closed, or non-participating states that the circuit breaker, disconnector, grounding switch, and disconnector should be in under each test item. The test state template is generated based on the primary wiring structure of the tested GIS and the test item rules. The template fields must include at least the GIS model, bay number, equipment number, equipment type, phase of the equipment, connection position of the equipment in the primary wiring, test item number, tested object, target open / closed state, whether participation in state confirmation is required, whether action is permitted, pre-action equipment, grounding constraint relationship, and permitted insulation test unit. For each test item, the target state configuration unit first determines the circuit breakers, disconnectors, grounding switches, and disconnectors that need to participate in state confirmation based on the test object. Then, according to the test item rules, it determines the open, closed, or non-participating state that each device should be in, and performs conflict verification on the target states of the same device in the same test item. If the same device is configured as both open and closed, or the target state does not match the grounding constraint relationship, or the test item lacks the necessary test object, phase, or allowed triggering insulation test unit, the target state configuration unit will not generate a target state queue and will output the corresponding device number and conflict reason on the test operation console. If the verification passes, the target states corresponding to each test item are arranged in the test order to form a target state queue. Through the above template fields and verification rules, the target state queue is not simply dependent on manual input, but is jointly determined by the GIS primary wiring structure, test item rules, and device action constraints. The target state configuration unit converts each test item into a set of target states and generates a target state queue according to the test sequence. Each target state in the queue includes the test sequence number, test item, test phase, test object, circuit breaker target state, disconnector target state, grounding switch target state, disconnector target state, permitted insulation test unit, next target state after test completion, and reset target state. The target state set is represented by the following formula: ; in, Let represent the set of target states corresponding to the i-th test item in the target state queue, where i represents the sequential number of the test item in the target state queue. to These represent the target states of the first to nth switches, disconnectors, or grounding switches participating in the status verification in the i-th test project, respectively, where n represents the number of devices requiring status verification in the current test project. This represents the target state of the j-th switch, disconnector, or grounding switch participating in the state verification within the i-th test project. The values ​​are open, closed, non-participating, or prohibited operation states. Different insulation test items correspond to different combinations of switch, disconnector, and grounding switch states. By organizing the target states of each device into a target state set, subsequent real-time state comparison, action planning, and test permission judgment can all be based on the same target state set, avoiding omissions caused by manual item-by-item verification.

[0018] After generating the target state queue, the system collects the initial state of the tested GIS and saves it as a reset state. The initial state includes the first criterion state, the second criterion state, the acquisition time, the state validity identifier, and the equipment number for each circuit breaker, disconnector, grounding switch, and disconnector. The reset state is used to generate a reset action command after all tests are completed. The first criterion acquisition unit collects electrical feedback states from the GIS control cabinet. The first criteria include circuit breaker open position auxiliary node signals, circuit breaker closed position auxiliary node signals, disconnector open position auxiliary node signals, disconnector closed position auxiliary node signals, grounding switch open position auxiliary node signals, grounding switch closed position auxiliary node signals, disconnector open position auxiliary node signals, disconnector closed position auxiliary node signals, energy storage state signals, control circuit power supply state signals, interlocking circuit state signals, remote-to-local switching state signals, and emergency stop state signals. The first criterion acquisition unit can be connected to the GIS control cabinet through a PLC digital input module, relay isolation module, industrial Ethernet communication module or fieldbus communication module. Each auxiliary node signal is bound to the device number, signal name, acquisition channel number and status meaning. The acquisition cycle can be determined according to the communication refresh cycle of the GIS control cabinet and the test control response requirements, and can be adjusted according to the stability of field communication during the commissioning stage. For the same device, if the split auxiliary node is on and the closing auxiliary node is off, the first criterion state of the device is split; if the closing auxiliary node is on and the split auxiliary node is off, the first criterion state of the device is closing; if the split auxiliary node and the closing auxiliary node are both on or both off, the first criterion state of the device is marked as an electrical abnormal state and an abnormal bit is written into it. The subsequent test permission model will not allow the device to participate in the test permission process.

[0019] The second criterion acquisition unit is used to acquire the actual mechanical position of switches, disconnectors, and grounding switches. The second criterion can be formed by a visual acquisition device, a position sensor, or a combination of both. When using a visual acquisition device, an industrial camera is placed in the mechanical position indication area of ​​the switch, disconnector, or grounding switch. The industrial camera acquires images of the opening and closing indicator, position markers, mechanism pointers, transmission crank arms, or connecting rod postures. After image acquisition, lens distortion correction and brightness equalization are performed first, and then the corresponding recognition area is called according to the equipment number. The recognition area is generated and stored during the equipment debugging phase through manual calibration or template matching. The recognition area is further segmented into indicator components. The segmentation objects include color marker blocks, pointer outlines, crank arm edges, connecting rod center lines, and position text areas. For pointer-type position markers, the angle between the pointer's main axis and a preset reference direction is extracted. For crank arm or connecting rod-type position markers, their endpoint coordinates, center line direction, and the angle between them and a fixed reference edge are extracted. For text or color-type position markers, the text direction, color area proportion, and color center position are extracted. The visual position state can be determined using the following formula: ; in, This represents the visual position state of the j-th device. Represents a visual classification function. This represents the angle of the j-th device pointer, crank arm, or link relative to the reference direction. This indicates the position of the j-th device indicator component within the identification area. This represents the recognition result of the color or text identifier of the j-th device. This represents the image recognition confidence level of the j-th device. , , and All images are derived from mechanical position images acquired by a vision acquisition device. Based on the quantile, merging, and transitional samples collected during the debugging phase, a visual classification function is established, using visually acquired images as input and quantile, merging, transitional, or visually abnormal states as output. The system employs a rule-based classification method based on calibration samples. During the equipment debugging phase, mechanical position images of the same equipment in stable split, stable merging, and transition states are collected. For each state, angle, position, color or text recognition results and image recognition confidence are extracted, and split calibration interval, merging calibration interval, and transition state reference interval are formed respectively. During the experiment, the angle, position, color, or text recognition results extracted from the current image are compared with the corresponding calibration intervals. When both the angle and position fall within the quantile calibration interval and the color or text recognition result matches the quantile marker, the output visual position state is quantile. When both the angle and position fall within the merging calibration interval and the color or text recognition result matches the merging marker, the output visual position state is merging. When the angle or position is between the quantile and merging calibration intervals and there is a continuous changing trend between adjacent frames, the output visual position state is transitional. When the image recognition confidence does not meet the effective recognition requirements, the recognition area is occluded, or there are contradictions between the angle, position, and color or text recognition results, an abnormal visual state is output. The effective recognition requirements are determined by the recognition results of clear and occluded samples during the debugging phase. The reason for adopting this calculation method is that the auxiliary nodes of the GIS control cabinet can only reflect the electrical feedback status and cannot directly prove that the mechanical mechanism is actually in place. The visual position status can verify the equipment position from the actual spatial posture of the mechanical indicator or transmission components, thereby reducing the risk of misjudgment of test permits caused by auxiliary node adhesion, false feedback or non-position of the mechanism.

[0020] When using position sensors, angle sensors, stroke sensors, Hall effect sensors, magnetic encoders, or limit sensors are installed at the drive shaft, crank arm of the operating mechanism, opening / closing indicator mechanism, or moving linkage. The position sensors collect position, angle, magnetic field change, or stroke data, and compare this data with the calibration ranges for the open / closed position and transition intervals obtained during equipment commissioning. When the sensing value is within the calibration range and remains stable, the output sensing position is open; when the sensing value is within the calibration range and remains stable, the output sensing position is closed; when the sensing value is between the calibration ranges for open and closed positions and changes continuously, the output sensing position is transitional; when the sensing value exceeds the calibration range, the data acquisition link is interrupted, or the value remains unchanged for an extended period after the control command is output, the output sensing position is in a mechanical abnormality state. The sensing position state can be determined using the following formula: ; in, This indicates the sensing position state of the j-th device. This represents the function for determining the sensor state. This represents the current value collected by the position sensor of the j-th device. This represents the quantile calibration region of the j-th device in the quantile state. This represents the alignment calibration area of ​​the j-th device in the aligned state. This represents the change in the value collected by the j-th device position sensor over time. Data is collected in real time from position sensors. and The data originates from the alignment and disassembly calibration data during the equipment installation and commissioning phase. The calibration range is calculated from the current acquired value and adjacent historical acquired values. The quantile calibration region and the merging calibration region are obtained through multiple stable operation samplings during the equipment debugging phase. Specifically, when the equipment is confirmed to be in a stable quantile state, the position sensor output values ​​are continuously acquired, and the quantile calibration region is formed based on the maximum and minimum values ​​of the stable sampled values ​​and the sampling fluctuation range. When the equipment is confirmed to be in a stable merging state, the position sensor output values ​​are continuously acquired, and the merging calibration region is formed based on the maximum and minimum values ​​of the stable sampled values ​​and the sampling fluctuation range. The continuous range of change between the quantile calibration region and the merging calibration region serves as the transition region. During the test, if the current acquired value stably falls within the quantile calibration region, it is determined to be in a quantile position; if the current acquired value stably falls within the merging calibration region, it is determined to be in a merging position; if the current acquired value is in the transition region and changes continuously with the action command, it is determined to be in a transition position; if the current acquired value exceeds the above regions, the direction of change is inconsistent with the action command, or the acquisition link is interrupted, it is determined to be a mechanical abnormality or an unusable position. The reason for adopting this calculation method is that by jointly judging the mechanical position by the current sensing value, the division calibration area, the alignment calibration area, and the change, it is possible to distinguish between stable division, stable alignment, action transition, and sensing abnormality, thus avoiding incorrect judgments based solely on instantaneous sensing values.

[0021] After receiving the first and second criteria, the status data processing unit first binds each auxiliary node, each visual recognition area, and each position sensor to its corresponding device number, and then performs time alignment according to the acquisition time. For the same device, the acquisition time of the first criterion is recorded as... The second criterion collection time is recorded as The time alignment deviation is calculated using the following formula: ; in, This represents the time alignment deviation between the first and second criteria for the j-th device. This represents the acquisition time of the first criterion for the j-th device. This represents the acquisition time of the second criterion for the j-th device. The system determines the allowable alignment time window based on the PLC scan cycle, camera frame rate, sensor refresh cycle, and communication link delay. ,when Not greater than When the first criterion and the second criterion are considered as valid combinatorial states at the same state time; when Greater than When this happens, the system rereads sampled data with a closer time. If multiple consecutive sampling periods fail to meet the time alignment requirements, the device is marked as unusable. The reason for using this calculation method is that switches, disconnectors, and grounding switches have transition phases during operation. If the first criterion and the second criterion come from different state times, the normal operation process may be misjudged as inconsistent criteria. Therefore, time alignment is needed to ensure that the two criteria are comparable. After time alignment, the status data processing unit filters out auxiliary node jitter, visual occlusion, and sensor jumps. For auxiliary node signals, a stable electrical feedback state is output only when the state of the same auxiliary node remains consistent over several consecutive acquisition cycles. The number of consecutive acquisition cycles can be determined during the debugging phase based on the auxiliary node jitter time of the GIS control cabinet and the PLC scanning cycle. For visual recognition results, if the image recognition confidence level... If the visual position is below the effective recognition limit determined during the debugging phase, or if the recognition area is occluded, the previous effective visual position state is retained and the current visual sample is marked as a low-confidence sample. When low-confidence samples occur consecutively and exceed the allowable duration, the visual position state is marked as an unusable bit. For position sensor data, if the change between the current acquired value and the previous stable value exceeds the sampling change range corresponding to the maximum allowable change rate of the mechanical mechanism, and it is not within the transition period after the action command output, it is determined to be a sensor jump and the sampled value is filtered out. The status data processing unit then performs mutual exclusion verification on the split and combined positions of the same device. If the split and combined positions of the same device are both true, or if neither is true and there is no action command being executed, the device is encoded as an abnormal bit. If the device is within the allowable transition period after the action command output, and the first criterion or the second criterion shows a trend of changing from the original state to the target state, it is encoded as a transition bit. If the device state is stable and both the first and second criteria are valid, it is encoded as a split or combined position. If the acquisition link is interrupted or the criteria are missing, it is encoded as an unusable bit. This forms standard real-time status data, which includes device number, first criterion status, second criterion status, status validity identifier, timestamp, cause of anomaly, and corresponding target status number, for direct use by subsequent GIS experimental status models. When the second criterion is formed simultaneously by the visual acquisition device and the position sensor, the state data processing unit obtains the visual position state respectively. and sensor position status .like and If they are consistent, then the consistent state is used as the second criterion state. ;like and If there is an inconsistency and one party is marked as low confidence, obstructed, abrupt, or link abnormal, the other party will be placed in a pending review state. This pending review state cannot be used alone to grant a test license. and If all are valid but inconsistent, then the second criterion state will be changed. Marked as a mechanical malfunction, and prohibits the issuance of test permits. When the second criterion is formed solely by the visual acquisition device, the visual position status will be... As a second criterion When the second criterion is formed solely by the position sensor, the sensing position state will be used. As a second criterion Through the above processing, the second criterion state is achieved. The actual mechanical position state is always represented for determining test clearance, while the sensor position state is... This only indicates the mechanical position determination result obtained from the position sensor.

[0022] The GIS experimental state model construction unit builds a GIS experimental state model based on the target state queue and standard real-time state data. The GIS experimental state model includes a target state model, a real-time state model, a state transition model, and an experimental permitting model. The real-time state model is expressed by the following formula: ; in, This represents the set of real-time states of the j-th device. This represents the first criterion state of the j-th device. This indicates the second criterion state of the j-th device. This represents the status validity identifier of the j-th device. This represents the valid timestamp of the standard real-time status data corresponding to the j-th device. The data originates from the electrical feedback status of the GIS control cabinet. Derived from visual position state or sensing position status Or it may originate from the visual position state. and sensor position status Consistent fusion results This is derived from the encoding results of the state data processing unit for split bits, combined bits, transition bits, abnormal bits, and unusable bits. The reason for adopting this model is that the real-time state of each device must not only reflect electrical feedback and actual mechanical position, but also whether the state can be used for test permission judgment. Only when the first criterion, the second criterion, and the state validity are all complete can the subsequent consistency judgment have a reliable basis.

[0023] The consistency determination unit reads the current target state from the target state model. Read the real-time status of equipment related to the current test project from the real-time status model. For each device, three comparisons are performed: whether the first criterion state is consistent with the current target state, whether the second criterion state is consistent with the current target state, and whether the first criterion state is consistent with the second criterion state. The device consistency result is expressed by the following formula: ; in, This represents the consistency result of the j-th device. A value of 1 indicates that the device meets the consistency requirements of the current target state. A value of 0 indicates that the device does not meet the consistency requirements of the current target state; This indicates the consistency result between the first criterion state of the j-th device and the current target state; it is set to 1 when consistent and 0 when inconsistent. This indicates the consistency result between the second criterion state of the j-th device and the current target state; it is set to 1 when consistent and 0 when inconsistent. This indicates the consistency result between the first criterion state and the second criterion state of the j-th device; it is set to 1 when consistent and 0 when inconsistent. This represents the validity result of the j-th device status. It is set to 1 when the device is not in a transition, abnormal, or unavailable position, and to 0 when it is in a transition, abnormal, or unavailable position. The current device can only serve as a reliable basis for insulation test approval if it simultaneously meets the following conditions: correct electrical feedback, correct actual mechanical position, consistency between the two criteria, and valid status. Failure to meet any one condition will result in a failure for the device's consistency. The overall consistency result of the current test item is expressed by the following formula: ; in, This represents the overall consistency result of the i-th test item. This represents the set of equipment consisting of all switches, disconnectors, and grounding switches involved in the i-th test item. This indicates that the j-th device belongs to the device set. When all participating devices When both are 1, A value of 1 indicates that the current state is consistent with the current target state; when any participating device When it is 0, A value of 0 indicates that the current state is inconsistent with the target state. The reason for using the minimum value method is that GIS insulation testing is a high-voltage test, and any incorrect state of any critical equipment may lead to test circuit errors or safety risks. Therefore, overall consistency needs to be determined by the equipment that least meets the conditions. when When the value is 0, the action planning and control unit reads the current real-time state, the current target state, and the state transition model to identify the switches, disconnectors, or grounding switches that require action. The state transition model is constructed based on the GIS primary wiring relationship, switch and disconnector action constraints, and interlocking relationships, including the current state, target state, permitted actions, prohibited actions, action sequence, interlocking conditions, and action completion judgment conditions. Specifically, the state transition model is established in the form of an action constraint table, which includes at least the equipment number, equipment type, current state, target state, permitted action type, action prerequisites, prohibited action conditions, action output channel, action completion judgment conditions, and action failure handling method. Equipment types include circuit breakers, disconnectors, grounding switches, and knife switches; permitted action types include opening and closing; preconditions for action include normal control circuit power supply, valid remote control status, permitted interlocking circuit, relevant grounding switch status meeting test requirements, relevant switch or knife switch status meeting primary wiring safety constraints, and personnel safety interlocking being met; prohibited action conditions include equipment in abnormal position, unavailable position, communication interruption, interlocking circuit not allowed, remote / local status not meeting remote control requirements, and relevant equipment status conflicting with primary wiring safety constraints. The action output channel is the control channel in the GIS control cabinet associated with the corresponding equipment's opening or closing coil. Action completion judgment conditions are that the corresponding equipment reaches the target state within the permitted action time according to the first criterion, and the second criterion reaches the target state, and the first and second criters are consistent. Action failure handling methods include stopping subsequent actions, prohibiting test permission, maintaining the current interlocking status, recording the cause of the abnormality, and outputting alarm information. Through the action constraint table, the action planning and control unit can determine whether the action is allowed to be executed, through which control channel the action command should be output, and how to determine whether the action is completed based on the current state and the target state, thus avoiding directly outputting opening and closing commands based solely on the difference in the target state.

[0024] The action planning and control unit first determines whether the equipment requiring action is in a controllable state. If the equipment is in an abnormal position, unavailable position, communication interrupted, control circuit de-energized, remote / local switching state does not meet remote control requirements, or personnel safety interlock is not met, then the output of control commands is prohibited and an alarm message is generated. If the equipment meets the controllable state, then it determines whether the action conforms to the safety sequence and interlocking conditions. For example, disconnecting switches with safety constraints on the current grounding state must not perform closing actions, grounding switches that do not match the current test circuit must not perform opening or closing actions, and equipment in a state where the interlocking circuit does not meet the requirements must not receive remote control commands. For equipment that meets the action sequence and interlocking conditions, the action planning and control unit outputs opening or closing commands to the GIS control cabinet control circuit and records the command number, equipment number, action type, output time, and target state. After the control command is output, the system continues to collect the first and second criteria and tracks whether the equipment enters the transition position from the original state and then enters the target state from the transition position. If both the first and second criteria reach the target state and are consistent within the allowed operating time, the operation is considered complete. If the equipment does not change state, remains in a transitional position for an extended period, the first and second criteria are inconsistent for a long time, or a blocking abnormality occurs during the operation, subsequent operations are stopped, the insulation test is prohibited, and the cause of the abnormality is recorded in the test process record unit. The allowed operating time is determined based on the GIS equipment type, mechanism operation time, historical operation records, on-site commissioning data, and the operating mechanism operation range provided by the manufacturer to ensure that different GIS models can be implemented. When determining the allowed operating time, the system can record the actual operation time required for multiple opening and closing operations of the same type of equipment during the commissioning phase, and combine this with the mechanism operation time range provided by the manufacturer to form an operation observation time window for the equipment. After the action command is output, if the equipment sequentially enters the original state, transition position, and target state within the action observation time window, and the final first criterion state and second criterion state are consistent with the target state, the action is considered successful. If the equipment does not change state within the action observation time window, it is considered that the command was not executed or the control loop is abnormal. If the equipment remains in the transition position for a long time, it is considered that the mechanism is not in position. If the first criterion reaches the target state but the second criterion does not reach the target state, it is considered that the electrical feedback and mechanical position are inconsistent. If the second criterion reaches the target state but the first criterion does not reach the target state, it is considered that the auxiliary node feedback or control loop feedback is abnormal. Any of the above action failure results are recorded in the test process recording unit, and the test permission result is kept in the prohibited state.

[0025] when When the value is 1, the safety interlocking unit further constructs a test permission model. This model considers state consistency, grounding status, communication status, test equipment self-test status, personnel safety interlocking status, and anomaly resolution status as permission conditions. The test permission result is expressed using the following formula: ; in, This represents the test permit result for the i-th test item. When the value is 1, the corresponding insulation test unit is allowed to be triggered. When the value is 0, the corresponding insulation test unit is prohibited from being triggered; This indicates the overall consistency results of the current test project; This indicates the grounding status verification result. A value of 1 is used when the relevant grounding switch in the current test circuit meets the test requirements, and a value of 0 is used otherwise. This indicates the communication status verification result. It is set to 1 when the communication between the test console, GIS control cabinet, sensor link and insulation test unit is normal, and 0 otherwise. This indicates the self-test result of the insulation test unit. It is set to 1 when the lightning impulse test unit or the power frequency withstand voltage and partial discharge test unit has completed the self-test and is in the allowed start-up state; otherwise, it is set to 0. This indicates the personnel safety interlock result. A value of 1 is used when the test hall access control, emergency stop, fence interlock, audible and visual alarm, and personnel evacuation confirmation status meet the test start requirements; otherwise, a value of 0 is used. This indicates the result of anomaly resolution. It is set to 1 if there are no transition bits, abnormal bits, unavailable bits, mutual exclusion errors between open and closed bits, auxiliary node anomalies, mechanical position anomalies, or communication interruptions; otherwise, it is set to 0. The reason for using this formula is that the permissible triggering of high-voltage insulation tests cannot rely solely on the consistency of the switch target state; it must also simultaneously meet the requirements of the test equipment, communication link, grounding status, and personnel safety conditions. The product structure ensures that a test permit command cannot be output if any permissible condition is not met. The grounding status verification result is also included. Based on the first criterion state, second criterion state, and target state of the grounding switch involved in the current test project, when all relevant grounding switches meet the grounding requirements corresponding to the test project, and the first criterion and the second criterion are consistent, Set the value to 1, otherwise set it to 0. Communication status verification result. The communication heartbeat, latest data timestamp, and communication error code between the test console, industrial controller, PLC digital input / output module, GIS control cabinet, visual acquisition device, position sensor, and insulation test unit are used to determine the communication status. When all communication objects return valid heartbeats within the allowed communication time window and there are no communication error codes, Select 1 otherwise select 0. Insulation test unit self-test results. The determination is based on the power supply status, trigger circuit status, boost or impulse circuit readiness status, protection circuit status, and fault self-test status fed back by the insulation test unit; when the corresponding test unit is in the allowable start-up state and there is no fault feedback. Select 1 otherwise select 0. Personnel safety interlock result. The status is determined based on the following: access control closure status, emergency stop reset status, fence interlock status, audible and visual alarm activation status, and personnel evacuation confirmation status in the test hall; if any of these safety signals is not met... Set to 0. Anomaly removal results. Based on the status validity identifiers and anomaly causes in the standard real-time status data, when all devices participating in the current test are free from transition bits, abnormal bits, unavailable bits, split / combination bit mutual exclusion errors, auxiliary node anomalies, mechanical position anomalies, and communication interruptions, the test is considered successful. Select 1 if the value is 1, otherwise select 0.

[0026] when When the value is 1 and the current test type is lightning impulse test, the test control panel outputs a test permission command to the lightning impulse test unit. The lightning impulse test unit then sequentially performs charging status check, impulse voltage parameter reading, trigger discharge, waveform acquisition, waveform validity judgment, test result recording, and data upload. The test permission command is a start-up signal output from the safety interlock unit to the insulation test unit's start-up circuit or control interface. When the value is 0, the safety interlocking unit keeps the insulation test unit's starting circuit in a prohibited triggering state. Even if the test control panel receives a manual start operation, it will not output a valid start command to the corresponding insulation test unit. When the signal changes from 1 to 0, the safety interlock unit cancels the start-up permission signal and outputs control commands to stop triggering, prohibit further voltage increase, or execute voltage reduction protection according to the current test stage. This permission output method ensures that the high-voltage test process will not begin if the state is inconsistent, the interlock is abnormal, or the safety conditions are not met. The impulse voltage parameters are entered into the test operation console or imported from the test management system according to the insulation test requirements, the rated voltage of the tested GIS, and the corresponding test procedure requirements. In this embodiment, the specific voltage value is not limited to a single fixed value, but is selected by the test personnel according to the tested GIS model and test standard. During the lightning impulse test, the status data processing unit continuously collects the first and second criteria. The safety interlock unit continuously monitors the status of the test hall access control, emergency stop, fence interlock, audible and visual alarms, and communication links. If any equipment status change, inconsistency between the first and second criteria, communication abnormality, personnel safety interlock abnormality, or the lightning impulse test unit's self-test status fails, the subsequent triggering process is immediately stopped, alarm information is output, and the time of the abnormality, the abnormal equipment number, the abnormality criterion type, and the test stage are written into the test process record unit.

[0027] when When the current test type is either power frequency withstand voltage test or partial discharge test, the test control console outputs a test permission command to the power frequency withstand voltage and partial discharge test unit. The power frequency withstand voltage and partial discharge test unit then sequentially executes the following steps: pre-boost check, boost control, withstand voltage holding, partial discharge data acquisition, buck control, discharge confirmation, result judgment, and data upload. During the boost process, the system continuously compares the standard real-time status data with the current target status. If any switch, disconnector, or grounding switch participating in the current test exhibits a transition position, abnormal position, unusable position, inconsistency between the first and second criteria, or inconsistency with the target status, the power frequency withstand voltage and partial discharge test unit stops boosting and executes buck protection. During the withstand voltage holding phase, the system records the withstand voltage start time, withstand voltage holding time, test voltage, partial discharge acquisition data, status consistency results, and lockout status. After the buck is completed, the system confirms the discharge completion status and the test unit's return to a safe state, and then writes the test results into the test process recording unit. Partial discharge data is collected and uploaded by the power frequency withstand voltage and partial discharge test units themselves. The GIS-based insulation test control method only performs linkage control at the test permission, status monitoring, and abnormal interlocking levels, without changing the measurement principle of the partial discharge measuring equipment itself. During the execution of the power frequency withstand voltage test or partial discharge test, the safety interlocking unit continuously reads the standard real-time status data and the operating status of the insulation test unit according to the preset monitoring cycle. When the value is kept at 1, the power frequency withstand voltage and partial discharge test unit is allowed to continue performing voltage boost, withstand voltage holding, or partial discharge acquisition; when If the voltage drops to 0, or if any device participating in the current test exhibits an inconsistency between the first and second criteria, inconsistency with the target state, a transition bit, an abnormal bit, or an unavailable bit, the safety interlock unit outputs a command to the power frequency withstand voltage and partial discharge test unit to prohibit further voltage increase. If the test is already in the voltage increase or withstand voltage holding phase, a voltage reduction protection command is further output, and the time of the abnormality, the abnormal device number, the abnormality criterion type, the current test voltage stage, and the interlock trigger reason are written into the test process record unit. This continuous monitoring method ensures that the test permission is not only established before the test starts but also remains valid throughout the test.

[0028] After the insulation test corresponding to the current target state is completed, the target state configuration unit determines whether there is a next target state in the target state queue. If there is a next target state, the system uses the next target state as the new current target state and re-executes the first criterion acquisition, second criterion acquisition, synchronization processing, real-time state model update, consistency judgment, action planning, test permission judgment, and test triggering process. If there is no next target state, the system enters the reset process. In the reset process, the target state configuration unit reads the initial state saved before the test starts, converts the initial state into the reset target state, and the action planning and control unit generates a reset action command according to the state transition model. After each reset action, it continues to acquire the first and second criteria for reset confirmation. The conditions for successful reset confirmation are that the first criterion state of all circuit breakers, disconnectors, grounding switches, and disconnectors that need to be reset is consistent with the reset target state, the second criterion state is consistent with the reset target state, the first criterion state is consistent with the second criterion state, and there are no transition bits, abnormal bits, or unusable bits. After successful reset confirmation, the test process recording unit generates a test end record. This record includes the tested GIS information, insulation test requirements, target state queue, initial state, each state switching command, first criterion data, second criterion data, consistency judgment result, test permission result, insulation test parameters, test results, abnormal alarm information, and final reset confirmation result. If reset confirmation fails, the system prohibits termination of confirmation and prompts manual inspection of the corresponding equipment number, criterion type, and cause of the abnormality. The test process report generated by the test process recording unit includes at least the following: basic test information table, target state queue list, equipment real-time status table, action command table, state consistency judgment table, test permission judgment table, insulation test result table, abnormal event table, and reset confirmation table. The basic test information table records the tested GIS model, rated voltage, bay number, phase, test item, and tested fault; the target state list records the target state set corresponding to each test sequence number; the real-time equipment status table records the first criterion status, second criterion status, time alignment deviation, and status validity identifier of each device; the action command table records the device number, action type, output time, and completion result of each opening or closing command; the status consistency judgment table records... and The values ​​and reasons for failure; the test approval form records... as well as , , , , The values ​​of the parameters are recorded in the following tables: the abnormal event table records the time of occurrence of the abnormality, the type of abnormality, the number of the abnormal device, the handling action, and the recovery result; the reset confirmation table records the reset target state, the first criterion state after reset, the second criterion state, and the reset confirmation result. Through these recorded fields, it is possible to trace whether each insulation test was performed under the conditions of consistent target state, consistent dual criteria, and satisfied safety interlocking.

[0029] Example 2: This example provides a one-button control system for GIS insulation testing corresponding to the above method. The system includes a test control console, a target state configuration unit, a first criterion acquisition unit, a second criterion acquisition unit, a state data processing unit, a GIS test state model construction unit, a consistency judgment unit, an action planning and control unit, a safety interlocking unit, an insulation test unit, and a test process recording unit. The test control console is located outside the test hall and is used to input the GIS model, rated voltage, bay number, phase, circuit breaker number, disconnector number, grounding switch number, disconnector number, test item, tested break point, and test sequence. It is also used to display the target state, first criterion state, second criterion state, state consistency result, action command, test permission state, insulation test unit status, and alarm information. The target state configuration unit stores test state templates corresponding to different GIS models and generates a target state queue based on the GIS information under test and insulation test requirements input from the test operation console. The first criterion acquisition unit is connected to the GIS control cabinet through a PLC digital input module, relay isolation module, industrial Ethernet communication module, or fieldbus communication module. It is used to acquire the open position auxiliary node signals, closed position auxiliary node signals, energy storage status signals, control circuit power supply status signals, interlocking circuit status signals, and remote / local switching status signals of circuit breakers, disconnectors, grounding switches, and disconnectors, and forms the first criterion with the acquisition results. The second criterion acquisition unit includes at least one of a visual acquisition device and a position sensor. The visual acquisition device is used to acquire images of the opening and closing indicator, position marker, mechanism pointer, transmission crank arm or linkage posture, and output the visual position status. Position sensors are used to collect position, angle, magnetic field change, or stroke data at points such as drive shafts, operating mechanism crank arms, opening / closing indicator mechanisms, or moving links, and output the sensor position status. The second criterion acquisition unit is based on the visual position status. or sensing position status Forming a second criterion state When the second criterion acquisition unit includes both a visual acquisition device and a position sensor, the state data processing unit obtains the visual position state respectively. and sensor position status ;like and If they are consistent, then the consistent state is used as the second criterion state. ;like and If there is an inconsistency and one party is marked as low confidence, obstructed, abrupt, or link abnormal, the other party will be placed in a pending review state. This pending review state cannot be used alone to grant a test license. and If all are valid but inconsistent, then the second criterion state will be changed. Mark it as a mechanical malfunction and prohibit the issuance of test permits; The status data processing unit binds each auxiliary node, each visual recognition area, and each position sensor to its corresponding device number. It then performs time alignment, jitter filtering, visual occlusion processing, sensor jump filtering, position exclusivity verification, and status encoding on the first and second criteria to obtain standard real-time status data. The GIS test status model construction unit constructs a target status model based on the target status queue, a real-time status model based on the standard real-time status data, a status transition model based on the GIS primary wiring relationships, switch and disconnector action constraints, and interlocking relationships, and a test permit model based on status consistency, grounding status, communication status, test equipment self-test status, and personnel safety interlocking status. The consistency determination unit is used to read the current target state from the target state model and the first criterion state of the corresponding device from the real-time state model. Second criterion state The system determines whether the first criterion state, the second criterion state, and the first criterion state are consistent with the current target state. The action planning and control unit, when the current state is inconsistent with the current target state, determines the switches, disconnectors, or grounding switches that need to be activated based on the state transition model, and determines whether the corresponding actions meet the action sequence and interlocking conditions. If they do, it outputs a tripping or closing command to the GIS control cabinet control circuit; if not, it prohibits the output of control commands and generates an alarm message. The safety interlocking unit determines the test permitting conditions, which include: all switches, disconnectors, and grounding switches involved in the current target state have reached the target state; the first criterion is consistent with the target state; the second criterion is consistent with the target state; the first criterion is consistent with the second criterion; there are no transition positions, abnormal positions, or unavailable positions; the GIS control cabinet control circuit, interlocking circuit, communication link, and sensor link are normal; the insulation test unit self-test has passed; and the test hall access control, emergency stop, fence interlock, audible and visual alarm, and personnel evacuation confirmation states meet the test start requirements. The insulation test unit includes at least one of a lightning impulse test unit, a power frequency withstand voltage test unit, and a partial discharge test unit, used to perform the corresponding insulation test when the test permit conditions are met. The test process recording unit is used to record the test subject GIS information, target state queue, initial state, first criterion, second criterion, standard real-time state data, state adjustment instructions, interlock judgment results, test permit results, insulation test data, alarm information, and reset confirmation results, thereby realizing a complete closed loop from target state configuration, dual state confirmation, automatic adjustment, test triggering, safety interlocking to test traceability.

[0030] In an alternative implementation, the second criterion acquisition unit uses only visual acquisition, suitable for scenarios where GIS equipment already has clear mechanical position indicators, open / close markings, mechanism pointers, and visible windows displaying the posture of transmission cranks or linkages. Specifically, an industrial camera is installed outside each switch, disconnector, or grounding switch whose actual mechanical position needs to be confirmed. The camera's installation position ensures the mechanical position indication area is within a stable field of view. During the commissioning phase, samples of the open / closed state, transitional position, and occlusion are collected. The system establishes an identification area, open / closed template, and transitional position template for each device number. During testing, the industrial camera acquires images at a set frame rate. The status data processing unit first calls the identification area by device number, then extracts the color markings, text direction, pointer angle, crank direction, or linkage posture from the identification area. The extracted results are then matched with the corresponding templates to output the open / closed, transitional, or visually abnormal state. If a reflection, occlusion, blurriness, or insufficient recognition confidence appears in the image, the system will not directly use the result of that frame for test permission. Instead, it will continue to read subsequent images. Only when consecutive valid images all point to the same mechanical position state will that mechanical position state be written into the second criterion state. When no effective visual recognition result can be obtained in multiple consecutive sampling cycles, the second criterion state will be changed. Mark as unavailable. This method does not require changes to the internal structure of the GIS mechanism, is suitable for factory testing scenarios with clear existing position indication structures, and can independently verify the mechanical position of the GIS control cabinet auxiliary nodes.

[0031] In an alternative implementation, the second criterion acquisition unit uses only a position sensor, suitable for GIS equipment in situations with complex lighting, significant visual obstruction, or where imaging of mechanically indicated areas is inconvenient. Specifically, angle sensors, Hall effect sensors, magnetic encoders, or travel sensors are installed on the drive shaft, operating mechanism crank arm, opening / closing indicator mechanism, or moving linkage of the circuit breaker, disconnector, grounding switch, or knife switch. During the commissioning phase, the sensor values ​​are recorded when the equipment is in a stable open and stable closed position, and a position calibration area is formed based on multiple action data. , and the calibration area and transition region; during the test, the position sensor outputs position, angle, magnetic field change, or travel value according to a set cycle, and the status data processing unit compares the current collected value with the quantization calibration area. Heju position calibration area In comparison, when the collected values ​​stably fall within the quantile calibration region... The output quantile is displayed when the collected value stably falls into the quantile calibration area. The output is synchronized when the collected value is within the quantile calibration area. Heju position calibration area The system outputs a transition bit when the acquired value changes continuously with the action command. It outputs a mechanical abnormality or unavailable bit when the acquired value changes abruptly, remains unchanged for a long period, exceeds the calibration range, or the acquisition link is interrupted. This method can provide continuous mechanical position data even under poor visual conditions and assists in determining whether the mechanism has actually completed its movement by observing the changing trends during the action.

[0032] In Example 5, in another alternative implementation, the second criterion acquisition unit simultaneously employs a visual acquisition device and a position sensor, and the state data processing unit first obtains the visual position state respectively. and sensor position status Then, a consistency check is performed between the two. If the visual position state With sensing position status If they are consistent, then the consistent state is used as the second criterion state. If visual position state With sensing position status If there is inconsistency, but one of the criteria is marked as low confidence, obstructed, abrupt, or link abnormal, the trusted criterion is retained as a temporary second criterion, and the device status is marked as requiring verification. The temporary second criterion cannot trigger test permission alone; if the visual location status... With sensing position status If all are valid but inconsistent, then the second criterion state will be changed. Marked as a mechanical anomaly, and prohibits the issuance of test permits. Dual-source verification via vision and sensors enables a higher level of cross-validation between auxiliary nodes, image recognition, and position sensing, making it suitable for GIS insulation testing scenarios with high voltage levels, high test risks, or more stringent requirements for critical break conditions.

[0033] In Example Six, an alternative implementation, the target state queue can be automatically generated by the test control panel based on the GIS model, or imported by the test personnel from the test plan file. The imported test plan file includes at least the test sequence number, test item, tested contact, test phase, circuit breaker target state, disconnector target state, grounding switch target state, disconnector target state, allowed insulation test units, and the next target state after the test is completed. After import, the target state configuration unit performs an integrity check on the test plan file. If there are missing equipment numbers, undefined target states, conflicting states of the same equipment in the same test item, or interrupted test sequence, the generation of the target state queue is prohibited, and a modification prompt is given. If the check passes, the imported content is converted into a target state queue and matched with the GIS primary wiring relationship and state transition model to confirm that each group of target states in the target state queue has an executable state switching path. This alternative method facilitates rapid switching between different test plans, and avoids manual import errors from directly entering the test process through integrity and state transition checks.

[0034] In Example 7, another alternative implementation uses a local database, a test management server, or an enterprise quality traceability system for data storage. The test process recording unit establishes a record index according to the test sequence number, writing the target state queue, the first criterion state and second criterion state of each device, time alignment deviation, state validity identifier, consistency judgment result, action adjustment command, interlock verification result, test permission time, insulation test unit startup status, test parameters, test results, abnormal alarm information, and reset confirmation result into the record table. For action failures, criterion inconsistencies, interlock abnormalities, communication interruptions, sensor unavailability, or test unit abnormalities, the test process recording unit saves standard real-time state data and control commands before and after the abnormality occurs for subsequent abnormality location. After the test, the test process recording unit generates a test process report based on the record table. The report can trace whether each insulation test was started in the correct target state, whether each state adjustment conforms to the state transition model, and whether each test permission meets the dual criterion consistency and safety interlock conditions, thereby meeting the factory insulation test quality traceability requirements.

[0035] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling insulation testing in GIS, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Obtain the GIS information of the test subject and the insulation test requirements, and generate a target status queue containing the target status of the corresponding switches, disconnectors and grounding switches for each test item; S2. Collect the electrical feedback status of the GIS control cabinet to form the first criterion, and collect the actual mechanical positions of switches, disconnectors and grounding switches to form the second criterion; S3. Synchronize the first criterion and the second criterion to obtain standard real-time status data; S4. Construct a GIS test state model based on the target state queue and standard real-time state data, and determine whether the current state is consistent with the current target state; output a state adjustment command when they are inconsistent, and trigger the corresponding insulation test unit when they are consistent and the test permission conditions are met. S5. After the test is completed, switch to the next target state or reset to the initial state.

2. The insulation test control method for GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtain the subject's GIS information and insulation test requirements, and generate a target state queue, including: Obtain the GIS model, rated voltage, bay number, phase, circuit breaker number, disconnector number, grounding switch number, disconnector number, test items, tested contacts, and test sequence; According to the GIS model, the corresponding test state template is called, and the isolation break test, circuit breaker break test, whole machine to ground test, lightning impulse test, power frequency withstand voltage test and partial discharge test are converted into the corresponding switch, disconnector and grounding switch target states respectively, and the target state queue is formed according to the test sequence.

3. The insulation test control method for GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first criterion includes the open position auxiliary node signal and the close position auxiliary node signal of the circuit breaker, disconnector, grounding switch and knife switch, as well as the energy storage status signal, the control circuit power supply status signal, the interlocking circuit status signal and the remote-to-local switching status signal; when the open position auxiliary node and the close position auxiliary node of the same device are simultaneously turned on or simultaneously turned off, the first criterion of the device is marked as an electrical abnormal state.

4. The insulation test control method for GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second criterion is formed by collecting the actual mechanical positions of switches, disconnectors, and grounding switches, including: The visual position status is obtained by acquiring images of the opening and closing indicators, position marks, mechanism pointers, transmission crank arms or linkages of switches, disconnectors or grounding switches through a visual acquisition device, and by performing recognition area positioning, indicator component segmentation and status classification on the images; or by acquiring position, angle, magnetic field change or stroke through position sensors installed at the transmission shaft, operating mechanism crank arm, opening and closing indicator mechanism or moving linkage. A second criterion is formed based on the visual position state or the sensor position state.

5. The insulation test control method for GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first and second criteria are processed simultaneously, including: Each auxiliary node, each visual recognition area, and each position sensor is associated with a corresponding device number. The first and second criteria are aligned according to the collection time. Filter out auxiliary node jitter, visual occlusion, and sensor jumps; Perform mutual exclusion verification on the split and combined states of the same device; Each device status is encoded as a split bit, a merge bit, a transition bit, an abnormal bit, or an unavailable bit.

6. The insulation test control method for GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that, Constructing a GIS experimental state model, including: Construct a target state model based on the target state queue; Construct a real-time state model based on standard real-time state data; A state transition model is constructed based on the primary wiring relationships of GIS, the action constraints of switches and disconnectors, and the interlocking relationships. A test permit model is constructed based on state consistency, grounding status, communication status, test equipment self-test status, and personnel safety interlock status.

7. The insulation test control method for GIS according to claim 6, characterized in that, Determine whether the current state is consistent with the current target state, including: Read the current target state from the target state model, and read the first criterion state and the second criterion state of the corresponding device from the real-time state model; Determine whether the first criterion state is consistent with the current target state, whether the second criterion state is consistent with the current target state, and whether the first criterion state is consistent with the second criterion state, respectively. When all devices participating in the current test meet the above criteria and there are no transition bits, abnormal bits, or unusable bits, the current state is determined to be consistent with the current target state.

8. The insulation test control method for GIS according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the current state is inconsistent with the current target state, the switch, disconnector or grounding switch that needs to be activated is determined according to the state transition model, and it is judged whether the corresponding action meets the action sequence and interlocking conditions. If it meets the conditions, the opening or closing command is output to the GIS control cabinet control circuit. If it does not meet the conditions, the output of control command is prohibited and an alarm message is generated. After the control command is output, the first criterion and the second criterion are collected, and the action is judged as completed according to the state change process.

9. The insulation test control method for GIS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test permitting conditions include: all switches, disconnectors, and grounding switches involved in the current target state have reached the target state; the first criterion is consistent with the target state; the second criterion is consistent with the target state; the first criterion is consistent with the second criterion; there are no transition positions, abnormal positions, or unavailable positions; the GIS control cabinet control circuit, interlocking circuit, communication link, and sensor link are normal; the lightning impulse test unit or power frequency withstand voltage and partial discharge test unit has passed self-test; and the access control, emergency stop, fence interlock, audible and visual alarm, and personnel evacuation confirmation status of the test hall meet the test start requirements.

10. An insulation test control system for GIS, characterized in that, The system includes a test operation platform, a target state configuration unit, a first criterion acquisition unit, a second criterion acquisition unit, a state data processing unit, a GIS test state model construction unit, a consistency judgment unit, an action planning and control unit, a safety interlocking unit, an insulation test unit, and a test process recording unit. The test operation platform is used to acquire the GIS information of the test subject and the insulation test requirements. The target state configuration unit is used to generate a target state queue. The first criterion acquisition unit is used to acquire electrical feedback states to form a first criterion. The second criterion acquisition unit is used to acquire the actual mechanical position to form a second criterion. The state data processing unit is used to obtain standard real-time state data. The GIS test state model construction unit is used to construct a GIS test state model. The consistency judgment unit is used to determine whether the current state is consistent with the current target state. The action planning and control unit is used to generate state adjustment instructions. The safety interlocking unit is used to determine test permitting conditions. The insulation test unit is used to perform lightning impulse tests, power frequency withstand voltage tests, or partial discharge tests when the test permitting conditions are met. The test process recording unit is used to record test process data.

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