A method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions during the use phase of a container crane

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of greenhouse gas emission calculation method of container crane use stage.The present application proposes to define single cycle loading and unloading operation with the most busy working condition of crane design in port as the calculation benchmark, to solve the problem that the prior art lacks unified, standardized quantitative standard.The power consumption of hoisting mechanism, trolley mechanism and car mechanism in acceleration, stabilization, deceleration stages in the calculation of the single operation is calculated, and the total power consumption of single cycle is obtained by combining the constant energy consumption of auxiliary mechanism.Further, according to the design use level of crane, the intermediate loading and unloading times are taken, and the total power consumption in use stage is calculated.Finally, according to the corresponding emission coefficient of electric energy of power supply, the total power consumption is converted into total greenhouse gas emission.The present application provides an objective, simplified and general quantitative tool for the main emission source of container terminal, which is conducive to precise emission reduction and promotes the green and low-carbon transformation of crane manufacturing industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of port machinery and cranes, specifically relating to a method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions during the use of a container crane. Background Technology

[0002] Since the Industrial Revolution, greenhouse gases emitted by human production and daily life activities have caused global warming and widespread abnormal weather changes, such as localized droughts, high temperatures, and floods, posing a significant threat to sustainable development. To effectively reduce the adverse effects of warming on the human environment, reducing global greenhouse gas emissions is the most fundamental solution; and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, it is essential to accurately quantify the main emitting activities. Container cranes (mainly including quay cranes, rubber-tired gantry cranes, and rail-mounted gantry cranes) are heavy, have a rated load of nearly 40 tons, operate frequently, and have a service life exceeding twenty years. Their greenhouse gas emissions during their service life are a major source of emissions for container terminals and represent the largest greenhouse gas emissions throughout the entire life cycle of container cranes. Therefore, accurately calculating greenhouse gas emissions during their service life is beneficial for container terminals to carry out targeted emission reduction activities, and on this basis, further promotes the green and low-carbon development of the container crane manufacturing industry.

[0003] However, since the quantitative calculation of greenhouse gas emissions is an emerging topic in recent years, there are no corresponding standards or clear instructions for the design and manufacturing process of container cranes. At the same time, for each container terminal, due to differences in cargo throughput, loading and unloading types, busyness, and equipment service life, the actual usage of the same type of crane varies greatly. Therefore, how to correctly calculate the greenhouse gas emissions of container cranes during their use has become a problem. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to propose a universal method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions during the use of container cranes, aiming to address the lack of a unified calculation standard in the prior art.

[0005] This invention proposes a method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions during the operation of a container crane, comprising the following steps: S1, taking a single cycle of operation of the container crane under the busiest working conditions as the calculation unit, determines the average horizontal distance s of the trolley mechanism, the average vertical stroke h of the hoisting mechanism, and the moving distance m of the gantry mechanism in a single operation cycle. S2, calculate the total power consumption Q for a single cycle of operation. 单 : The power consumption Q of the trolley mechanism during its round-trip operation is calculated based on the horizontal average distance s. 小车 ; The power consumption Q for the hoisting mechanism to complete one hoisting action is calculated based on the vertical average stroke h. 起升 This action includes raising and lowering under rated load as well as raising and lowering under no-load conditions; The power consumption Q of the trolley mechanism during round-trip operation is calculated based on the travel distance m. 大车 ; Q 小车 Q 起升 Q 大车 With auxiliary mechanism power consumption constant Q 辅助 Adding them together, we get the total power consumption Q for a single cycle. 单 ; S3, calculate the total power consumption Q during the usage phase. 总 Q 单 Multiplying this by the median value U of the total number of loading and unloading operations designed for the crane, we obtain the total power consumption Q during the usage phase. 总 ; S4, Calculate the total greenhouse gas emissions E during the usage phase. 总 Q 总 Multiplying by the greenhouse gas emission factor c corresponding to the power supply of the crane, we obtain the total greenhouse gas emissions E during the usage phase. 总 .

[0006] In one embodiment, the busiest operating condition is: the crane continuously performs cyclic loading and unloading operations of containers under the gantry at the same trolley position until completion, and then the trolley moves to a new position to continue the operation.

[0007] In one embodiment, in step S1: Point A is the container landing point on the truck lane, point B is the highest position that the spreader can reach, and point C is the target container stacking point in the stacking area under the gantry. Point C is located at the horizontal center of the entire working area under the gantry, which is composed of the truck lane and all the stacking columns. The average horizontal distance s is taken as the horizontal distance between point A and point C; The average vertical travel distance h is taken as: h=(h1+h2) / 2, where h1 is the distance from point A to point B vertically, and h2 is the distance from point B to point C vertically. The travel distance m is taken as an empirical or simulation constant based on the crane type and dock layout.

[0008] In one embodiment, the value of the moving distance m specifically includes: For quayside container cranes, the value is ignored as zero; For both rubber-tired gantry cranes and rail-mounted gantry cranes, select a range of 10 to 50 meters.

[0009] In one embodiment, in step S2, the power consumption Q of the trolley mechanism during its round-trip operation is... 小车 The calculation method is: Q 小车 =(Q1+Q2+Q3)×2, where Q1, Q2, and Q3 are the power consumption for the car's acceleration distance s1, stable running distance s2, and deceleration distance s3, respectively, and s1+s2+s3=s.

[0010] In one embodiment, in step S2, the power consumption Q of the lifting mechanism is... 起升 The calculation method is: Q 起升 =Q 满载 +Q 空载 ; Among them, Q 满载 Q is the sum of the power consumption for lifting and lowering under rated load. 空载 It is the sum of the power consumption during the rise and fall under no-load conditions. Both the rise and fall under rated load and no-load conditions include the power consumption of the rise acceleration segment, the rise stabilization segment, the rise deceleration segment, the fall acceleration segment, the fall stabilization segment, and the fall deceleration segment. The sum of the distances of the rise acceleration segment, the rise stabilization segment, and the rise deceleration segment is h, and the sum of the distances of the fall acceleration segment, the fall stabilization segment, and the fall deceleration segment is also h.

[0011] In one embodiment, in step S2, the power consumption Q of the trolley mechanism during its round-trip operation is... 大车 The calculation method is: Q 大车 =(Q16+Q17+Q18)×2, where Q16, Q17, and Q18 are the power consumption for the acceleration distance m1, stable running distance m2, and deceleration distance m3 of the vehicle, respectively, and m1+m2+m3=m.

[0012] In one embodiment, in step S3, the intermediate value U of the total number of loading and unloading operations is determined by taking the intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range of the total number of loading and unloading operations corresponding to the crane's design and usage level.

[0013] In one embodiment, the container crane is a quay crane, a rubber-tired gantry crane, or a rail-mounted gantry crane.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Provides a standardized method: It fills the technical gap in the quantitative calculation of greenhouse gas emissions during the use of container cranes. The calculation can be completed based on the crane's own design parameters, without relying on actual terminal operation data. It is applicable to various types of cranes such as quay cranes, rubber-tired gantry cranes, and rail-mounted gantry cranes, and has strong versatility, providing the industry with a unified and standardized calculation standard.

[0015] 2. Objective and comparable results: Calculations based on crane design parameters avoid data discrepancies caused by differences in actual terminal operations, and the results can be used for horizontal comparisons and industry evaluations.

[0016] 3. Simple and easy to calculate: By taking intermediate values ​​for the running distance and constant values ​​for auxiliary energy consumption, the calculation complexity and data collection difficulty are reduced, making it easier to promote and apply.

[0017] 4. Supporting precise emission reduction: Quantifying the carbon footprint of major emission sources helps ports identify energy consumption bottlenecks, take targeted emission reduction measures, and provide clear indicators for green design in the crane manufacturing industry. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions during the use of a container crane according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the busiest working condition of the rubber-tired gantry crane according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0020] The basic principle of container crane design is to meet the busiest operating conditions at the terminal. This condition involves the crane continuously loading and unloading containers under the gantry while stationary at the same trolley position until all containers are unloaded. Afterward, the crane moves to a new trolley position and continues this similar continuous loading and unloading cycle. For example, consider a rubber-tired gantry crane: Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the operation of a rubber-tired crane under its busiest conditions. The crane's gantry span is designed for one truck lane and six rows of containers, with a height designed to allow for a maximum stacking height of six layers per row. In this mode, the hoisting and trolley mechanisms operate in a cyclical manner. In unloading mode, containers are placed one by one from the trucks into the stacking area until it is full. In loading mode, the containers in the stacking area under the gantry are loaded one by one onto trucks and transported away until the stacking area is empty. The rubber-tired crane then moves the trolley to a new position and restarts the similar loading and unloading process.

[0021] Correspondingly, the greenhouse gas emissions during the operation of container cranes should be calculated based on the design conditions of the busiest operations at the terminal. First, the energy consumption of the crane during a single cycle of operation should be calculated. Since the crane's working mechanisms are all electrically driven, it is necessary to calculate the power consumption of the hoisting, trolley, and crane mechanisms under this condition, and then add the power consumption of the crane's auxiliary mechanisms (generally taken as a constant value). This gives the total power consumption for a single operation. Then, an intermediate value is taken based on the crane's design service level (for example, if the crane's service level is U7, the corresponding total design loading and unloading cycles are 1×10⁻⁶). 6 ~2×10 6 We'll take the middle value, 1.5 × 10. 6 Multiplying this intermediate value by the total power consumption of a single operation yields the total power consumption during the crane's operation. Finally, based on the crane's power supply (usually a diesel generator set or mains power), the corresponding energy emission coefficient is selected to convert the total power consumption during the crane's operation into total greenhouse gas emissions. Since the travel distance of the hoisting and trolley mechanisms is different each time they cycle through loading and unloading operations at the same trolley position, to simplify the calculation, the median value of the multiple travel distances of the hoisting and trolley mechanisms can be taken. Since the number of trolley travels is relatively small compared to the hoisting and trolley mechanisms, its travel distance can be taken as a suitable constant value based on the model of the container crane and the actual layout of the terminal, using empirical or simulation values.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention proposes a method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions during the use of container cranes, comprising the following steps: S1, taking a single cycle of operation of the container crane under the busiest working conditions as the calculation unit, determines the average horizontal distance s of the trolley mechanism, the average vertical stroke h of the hoisting mechanism, and the moving distance m of the gantry mechanism in a single operation cycle.

[0023] Point A is the container landing point on the truck lane, point B is the highest position that the spreader can reach, and point C is the target container stacking point in the stacking area under the gantry. Point C is located at the horizontal center of the entire working area under the gantry. The entire working area under the gantry is composed of the truck lane and all the stacked container rows.

[0024] The average horizontal distance s is taken as the horizontal distance between points A and C. The average vertical distance h is taken as: h=(h1+h2) / 2, where h1 is the distance from point A to point B vertically, and h2 is the distance from point B to point C vertically. The travel distance m is taken as an empirical or simulation constant based on the crane type and dock layout.

[0025] The specific values ​​for the travel distance m include: for quayside container cranes, it is ignored as zero; for rubber-tired gantry cranes and rail-mounted gantry cranes, it is selected within the range of 10 meters to 50 meters.

[0026] S2, calculate the total power consumption Q for a single cycle of operation. 单 : The power consumption Q of the trolley mechanism during its round trip is calculated based on the average horizontal distance s. 小车 ; The power consumption Q for the hoisting mechanism to complete one hoisting motion is calculated based on the vertical average stroke h. 起升 This action includes raising and lowering under rated load as well as raising and lowering under no-load conditions; The power consumption Q of the trolley mechanism during round-trip operation is calculated based on the travel distance m. 大车 ; Q 小车 Q 起升 Q 大车 With auxiliary mechanism power consumption constant Q 辅助 Adding them together, we get the total power consumption Q for a single cycle. 单 .

[0027] Specifically, the power consumption Q of the trolley mechanism during its round-trip operation. 小车 The calculation method is as follows: Q 小车 =(Q1+Q2+Q3)×2, where Q1, Q2, and Q3 are the power consumption for the car's acceleration distance s1, stable running distance s2, and deceleration distance s3, respectively, and s1+s2+s3=s.

[0028] Power consumption Q of lifting mechanism 起升 The calculation method is as follows: Q 起升 =Q 满载 +Q 空载 ; Q 满载 =Q4+Q5+Q6+Q7+Q8+Q9; Q 空载 =Q10+Q11+Q12+Q13+Q14+Q15.

[0029] Wherein, Q4 is the power consumption for the lifting acceleration distance h11 under rated load, Q5 is the power consumption for the lifting stable operating distance h12 under rated load, Q6 is the power consumption for the lifting deceleration distance h13 under rated load; Q7 is the power consumption for the lifting and lowering acceleration distance h21 under rated load, Q8 is the power consumption for the lifting and lowering stable operating distance h22 under rated load, and Q9 is the power consumption for the lifting and lowering deceleration distance h23 under rated load. Q10 is the power consumption for the lifting acceleration distance h31 under no-load, Q11 is the power consumption for the lifting stable operating distance h32 under no-load, Q12 is the power consumption for the lifting deceleration distance h33 under no-load; Q13 is the power consumption for the lifting acceleration distance h41 under no-load, Q14 is the power consumption for the lifting stable operating distance h42 under no-load, and Q15 is the power consumption for the lifting deceleration distance h43 under no-load. Here, h11+h12+h13=h, h21+h22+h23=h, h31+h32+h33=h, h41+h42+h43=h.

[0030] The power consumption Q of the trolley mechanism during round trip 大车 The calculation method is as follows: Q 大车 =(Q16+Q17+Q18)×2, where Q16, Q17, and Q18 are the power consumption for the acceleration distance m1, stable operating distance m2, and deceleration distance m3 of the trolley, respectively, and m1+m2+m3=m. m is taken as a suitable constant value based on the actual situation of the dock, either empirically or through simulation.

[0031] S3, calculate the total power consumption Q during the usage phase. 总 : Q 总 =Q 单 ×U, where U is the median value of the total number of loading and unloading operations designed for the crane. Specifically, the median value U of the total number of loading and unloading operations is determined as follows: based on the range of total loading and unloading operations corresponding to the crane's design service level, the median value between the upper and lower limits of that range is taken. For example, when the crane's design service level is U7, the range of total loading and unloading operations is 1 × 10. 6 Up to 2×10 6 Next, the median value U is taken as 1.5 × 10. 6 Second-rate.

[0032] S4, Calculate the total greenhouse gas emissions E during the usage phase. 总 : E 总 =Q 总 ×c, where c is the greenhouse gas emission coefficient of the power supply for the crane.

[0033] Multiply Q_total by the greenhouse gas emission coefficient c corresponding to the power supply of the crane to obtain the total greenhouse gas emissions E_total during the usage phase.

[0034] In this application, the container crane is a quay crane, a rubber-tired gantry crane, or a rail-mounted gantry crane.

[0035] Figure 2 This diagram illustrates the operation of a rubber-tired gantry crane under peak conditions. The crane's gantry span is designed for one truck lane and six rows of containers, with a maximum stacking height of six layers. In the diagram, point A is the container landing point on the truck, point B is the highest position the spreader can reach, and point C is horizontally located at the midpoint between the truck lane and the six rows of containers, specifically the midpoint of the third row. Vertically, point C is located midway between the top of the six-layer stack and the highest point of spreader movement, point B. The busiest operating condition is defined as follows: the crane continuously completes cyclic loading and unloading of containers under the gantry at the same trolley position until the stacking area at that position is completely empty (or full), then the trolley moves to a new position and continues a similar cyclical operation.

[0036] Based on the above operating conditions, in a specific embodiment, the method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions includes the following steps.

[0037] The average horizontal distance *s* of the trolley mechanism is 8.52 meters, the average vertical stroke *h* of the hoisting mechanism is 12.5 meters, the average travel distance *m* of the gantry mechanism is taken as an empirical value of 20 meters, and the power consumption constant *Q* of the auxiliary mechanism is... 辅助 Each operation uses 2 kWh. The tire crane is rated U7, and the midpoint of the total designed loading and unloading cycles is taken as 1.5 × 10. 6 The main power supply is AC mains electricity, and the greenhouse gas emission factor c is 0.58 kgCO2e / kWh. The calculation steps are as follows: I. Calculate the power consumption for a single operation: 1) The power consumption of the trolley mechanism is Q. 小车 =0.04 2 = 0.08 kWh. See Table 1 below for specific parameters.

[0038] Table 1. Specific parameters of power consumption of the trolley mechanism.

[0039] 2) The power consumption of the hoisting mechanism is Q. 起升 =0.48kWh. See Table 2 below for specific parameters.

[0040] Table 2. Specific parameters of power consumption of the hoisting mechanism

[0041] 3) The power consumption of the trolley mechanism is Q.大车 =1.5 2 = 3 kWh. See Table 3 below for specific parameters.

[0042] Table 3. Specific parameters of power consumption of the trolley mechanism

[0043] 4) The power consumption per charge is Q_single: Q 单 =Q 小车 +Q 起升 +Q 大车 +Q 辅助 =0.08+0.48+3+2=5.56kWh; II. Calculate the total power consumption during the operation of the tire crane: Q 总 =Q 单 ×U = 5.56 × 1.5 × 10 6 =8336473kWh; III. Calculate the total emissions during the use of the tire crane: E 总 =Q 总 ×c = 4835154kgCO2e.

[0044] For quayside container cranes, the trolley movement is minimal, so its travel distance *m* can be taken as 0. For rail-mounted gantry cranes, *m* can be selected within the range of 10–50 meters, depending on the actual span of the yard. When calculating the power consumption of each mechanism, simply substitute the specific parameters of the equipment, such as mass, speed, acceleration, and efficiency, into the same piecewise algorithm to obtain the power consumption for a single cycle. Then, combining this with the median value *U* for the corresponding usage level and the emission coefficient *c*, the total greenhouse gas emissions for the crane during its usage phase can be calculated.

[0045] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Provides a standardized method: It fills the technical gap in the quantitative calculation of greenhouse gas emissions during the use of container cranes. The calculation can be completed based on the crane's own design parameters, without relying on actual terminal operation data. It is applicable to various types of cranes such as quay cranes, rubber-tired gantry cranes, and rail-mounted gantry cranes, and has strong versatility, providing the industry with a unified and standardized calculation standard.

[0046] 2. Objective and comparable results: Calculations based on crane design parameters avoid data discrepancies caused by differences in actual terminal operations, and the results can be used for horizontal comparisons and industry evaluations.

[0047] 3. Simple and easy to calculate: By taking intermediate values ​​for the running distance and constant values ​​for auxiliary energy consumption, the calculation complexity and data collection difficulty are reduced, making it easier to promote and apply.

[0048] 4. Supporting precise emission reduction: Quantifying the carbon footprint of major emission sources helps ports identify energy consumption bottlenecks, take targeted emission reduction measures, and provide clear indicators for green design in the crane manufacturing industry.

[0049] The embodiments described above are merely further illustrations of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any other way. The present invention may have many other embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding modifications and changes based on the present invention, but all such modifications and changes should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions during the use of a container crane, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, taking a single cycle of operation of the container crane under the busiest working conditions as the calculation unit, determines the average horizontal distance s of the trolley mechanism, the average vertical stroke h of the hoisting mechanism, and the moving distance m of the gantry mechanism in a single operation cycle. S2, calculate the total power consumption Q for a single cycle of operation. 单 : The power consumption Q of the trolley mechanism during its round-trip operation is calculated based on the horizontal average distance s. 小车 ; The power consumption Q for the hoisting mechanism to complete one hoisting action is calculated based on the vertical average stroke h. 起升 This action includes raising and lowering under rated load as well as raising and lowering under no-load conditions; The power consumption Q of the trolley mechanism during round-trip operation is calculated based on the travel distance m. 大车 ; Q 小车 Q 起升 Q 大车 With auxiliary mechanism power consumption constant Q 辅助 Adding them together, we get the total power consumption Q for a single cycle. 单 ; S3, calculate the total power consumption Q during the usage phase. 总 Q 单 Multiplying this by the median value U of the total number of loading and unloading operations designed for the crane, we obtain the total power consumption Q during the usage phase. 总 ; S4, Calculate the total greenhouse gas emissions E during the usage phase. 总 Q 总 Multiplying by the greenhouse gas emission factor c corresponding to the power supply of the crane, we obtain the total greenhouse gas emissions E during the usage phase. 总 .

2. The method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions during the use of a container crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The busiest operating condition is when the crane continuously loads and unloads containers under the gantry at the same trolley position until completion, and then the trolley moves to a new position to continue the operation.

3. The method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions during the use of a container crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1: Point A is the container landing point on the truck lane, point B is the highest position that the spreader can reach, and point C is the target container stacking point in the stacking area under the gantry. Point C is located at the horizontal center of the entire working area under the gantry, which is composed of the truck lane and all the stacking columns. The average horizontal distance s is taken as the horizontal distance between point A and point C; The average vertical travel distance h is taken as: h=(h1+h2) / 2, where h1 is the distance from point A to point B vertically, and h2 is the distance from point B to point C vertically. The travel distance m is taken as an empirical or simulation constant based on the crane type and dock layout.

4. The method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions during the use phase of a container crane according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific values ​​of the moving distance m include: For quayside container cranes, the value is ignored as zero; For both rubber-tired gantry cranes and rail-mounted gantry cranes, select a range of 10 to 50 meters.

5. The method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions during the use phase of a container crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the power consumption Q of the trolley mechanism during its round-trip operation is... 小车 The calculation method is: Q 小车 =(Q1+Q2+Q3)×2, where Q1, Q2, and Q3 are the power consumption for the car's acceleration distance s1, stable running distance s2, and deceleration distance s3, respectively, and s1+s2+s3=s.

6. The method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions during the use phase of a container crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the power consumption Q of the lifting mechanism 起升 The calculation method is: Q 起升 =Q 满载 +Q 空载 ; Among them, Q 满载 Q is the sum of the power consumption for lifting and lowering under rated load. 空载 It is the sum of the power consumption during the rise and fall under no-load conditions. Both the rise and fall under rated load and no-load conditions include the power consumption of the rise acceleration segment, the rise stabilization segment, the rise deceleration segment, the fall acceleration segment, the fall stabilization segment, and the fall deceleration segment. The sum of the distances of the rise acceleration segment, the rise stabilization segment, and the rise deceleration segment is h, and the sum of the distances of the fall acceleration segment, the fall stabilization segment, and the fall deceleration segment is also h.

7. The method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions during the use phase of a container crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the power consumption Q of the trolley mechanism during its round-trip operation is... 大车 The calculation method is: Q 大车 =(Q16+Q17+Q18)×2, where Q16, Q17, and Q18 are the power consumption for the acceleration distance m1, stable running distance m2, and deceleration distance m3 of the vehicle, respectively, and m1+m2+m3=m.

8. The method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions during the use phase of a container crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the intermediate value U of the total number of loading and unloading operations is determined by taking the intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range of the total number of loading and unloading operations corresponding to the design and use level of the crane.

9. The method for calculating greenhouse gas emissions during the use phase of a container crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The container crane is a quay crane, a rubber-tired gantry crane, or a rail-mounted gantry crane.

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