An oil-immersed transformer capable of automatically removing blockage and switching oil paths

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of transformer equipment technology, specifically to an oil-immersed transformer with automatic de-clogging and oil circuit switching, comprising a transformer body, an oil conservator, an oil circuit control mechanism, and a filtration and cleaning mechanism. The oil circuit control mechanism includes two oil circuit switching components. The filtration and cleaning mechanism includes a housing, an annular filter screen, a drive mechanism, a buffer distribution structure, and a scraping and slag removal structure. The inner cavity of the housing is a filtration chamber, and the annular filter screen is disposed within the filtration chamber. The drive mechanism drives the annular filter screen to circulate. The buffer distribution structure evenly distributes the oil along the width of the annular filter screen. The scraping and slag removal structure scrapes away and temporarily stores the impurities trapped by the annular filter screen and can discharge impurities during operation. This invention provides a filtration and cleaning mechanism that continuously cleans the impurities attached to the annular filter screen, thereby maintaining a low resistance to oil flow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention application relates to the field of transformer equipment technology, specifically to an oil-immersed transformer with automatic unblocking and oil circuit switching. Background Technology

[0002] In power systems, transformers are core equipment for energy conversion and transmission, and their operational stability directly affects the security of the power grid. Oil-immersed transformers are widely used in power transmission and distribution due to their excellent heat dissipation efficiency and insulation performance. However, during long-term service, the operation and maintenance management of these equipment becomes a crucial link in ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the power grid.

[0003] The patent with announcement number CN120727411B discloses an oil-immersed transformer with an oil passage cleaning function. It switches the oil flow direction through a first regulating valve group and a second regulating valve group to guide the blockage impurities in the oil passage into the oil filter for removal. At the same time, it relies on a trigger component to detect the oil passage blockage status and automatically switches the circulation path when the conduit or oil extraction pipe is blocked, so as to realize oil passage unblocking and oil filtration.

[0004] Although the above solution achieves targeted cleaning and valve group switching after oil circuit blockage, it still has obvious shortcomings: its oil filter is a static fixed structure and cannot be self-cleaned online. After long-term operation, impurities will still accumulate and block the oil, resulting in increased oil flow resistance and decreased flow rate, which affects the transformer oil circulation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, an oil-immersed transformer with automatic unblocking and oil circuit switching is provided. The filter cleaning mechanism continuously cleans impurities adhering to the annular filter screen, keeping the annular filter screen unobstructed, thereby maintaining the resistance of the filter cleaning mechanism to oil flow at a low level.

[0006] To address the problems of existing technologies, this invention provides an oil-immersed transformer with automatic unblocking and oil circuit switching, comprising a transformer body, an oil conservator, an oil circuit control mechanism, and a filtration and cleaning mechanism. The oil circuit control mechanism includes two oil circuit switching components that can switch oil circuits, with the two switching components respectively connecting the oil conservator to the filtration and cleaning mechanism and the filtration and cleaning mechanism to the transformer body. The filtration and cleaning mechanism includes a housing, an annular filter screen, a drive mechanism, a buffer fluid distribution structure, and a scraping and slag removal structure. The inner cavity of the housing is a filtration chamber, and the annular filter screen is disposed within the filtration chamber. The drive mechanism drives the annular filter screen to circulate. The buffer fluid distribution structure evenly distributes the oil along the width direction of the annular filter screen. The scraping and slag removal structure scrapes away and temporarily stores the impurities trapped by the annular filter screen and can discharge impurities during operation.

[0007] Preferably, the annular filter screen has a multi-layer composite structure, with an outer coarse filter layer and an inner fine filter layer, used for graded interception of impurities of different sizes.

[0008] Preferably, the buffer fluid distribution structure includes a gradually expanding pipe and fluid distribution fan blades; the small-diameter end of the gradually expanding pipe is connected to the oil circuit switching component, and the large-diameter end of the gradually expanding pipe is connected to the inner cavity of the housing; the fluid distribution fan blades are disposed within the gradually expanding pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the buffered liquid distribution structure further includes a buffer assembly for reducing the impact of the oil on the liquid distribution fan blades.

[0010] Preferably, the scraping and slag removal structure includes a temporary storage cover and a scraping structure; the temporary storage cover is disposed at the lower end of the housing; the scraping structure is disposed inside the temporary storage cover and is attached to the surface of the annular filter screen.

[0011] Preferably, the scraping structure includes an elastic scraper and a second rotary drive assembly; the elastic scraper is attached to the surface of the annular filter screen; the second rotary drive assembly drives the elastic scraper to rotate and scrape away impurities.

[0012] Preferably, the temporary storage cover is provided with a collection channel, and a detachable collection component is provided inside the collection channel. The collection component is used to temporarily store impurities and prevent impurities from flowing back.

[0013] Preferably, the temporary storage hood is further provided with a pusher blade, which is connected to the second rotation drive assembly. The pusher blade rotates to push the impurities toward the collection assembly.

[0014] Preferably, the temporary storage cover is further provided with a switch assembly, which is used to control the on / off state of the collection channel.

[0015] Preferably, the drive mechanism includes an annular toothed belt, a transmission assembly, and a first rotary drive assembly; the annular toothed belt is connected to the annular filter screen; the transmission assembly is drively connected to the annular toothed belt; and the first rotary drive assembly is used to provide cyclic power to the annular toothed belt.

[0016] The advantages of this invention application compared to the prior art are: 1. This invention application includes a housing, an annular filter screen, a drive mechanism, a buffer liquid distribution structure, and a scraping slag removal structure. The transformer body and oil tank undergo regular oil circulation. When the oil circuit becomes blocked and the resistance increases, the oil circuit control mechanism guides the oil into the housing of the filtration and cleaning mechanism through two oil circuit switching components. The buffer liquid distribution structure evenly distributes the oil to the annular filter screen. The drive mechanism drives the filter screen to circulate. The scraping slag removal structure scrapes away and temporarily stores impurities. The clean oil flows back through the oil circuit switching components. The filtration and cleaning mechanism continuously cleans the impurities attached to the annular filter screen, keeping the annular filter screen continuously unobstructed, thereby keeping the resistance of the filtration and cleaning mechanism to the oil flow at a low level.

[0017] 2. This invention utilizes a multi-layered composite annular filter. When oil enters the filtration chamber and flows towards the annular filter, it first contacts the outer coarse filter layer. This outer coarse filter layer initially intercepts larger impurities in the oil. The oil, after initial filtration, continues to flow inward and then passes through the inner fine filter layer of the annular filter, where smaller impurities are intercepted a second time, achieving graded filtration. The driving mechanism drives the annular filter to continuously circulate, causing different areas of the outer coarse filter layer and the inner fine filter layer to sequentially enter the oil flow channel. This ensures continuous renewal of the graded filtration areas and their stable interception function. By employing an internal and external graded filtration structure, impurities of different sizes can be intercepted, improving filtration accuracy and efficiency.

[0018] 3. This invention application sets up a gradually expanding pipe body and a liquid distribution fan blade. The oil is transported to the buffer liquid distribution structure through the oil circuit switching component. It first enters the small diameter end of the gradually expanding pipe body. During the process of flowing through the gradually expanding pipe body, the flow channel cross section gradually expands and the oil flow velocity steadily decreases. Then the oil enters the area where the liquid distribution fan blade is located. The liquid distribution fan blade is passively rotated under the impact of the oil, which diverts, guides and disturbs the oil, so that the oil is evenly distributed along the width direction of the annular filter screen, and then slowly enters the filter chamber of the box body. This avoids high-speed oil concentrating to impact the annular filter screen, thereby achieving uniform liquid distribution across the entire width and improving the effective utilization rate of the annular filter screen. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of an oil-immersed transformer with automatic unblocking and oil circuit switching according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of a filter cleaning mechanism in an oil-immersed transformer that automatically unblocks and switches oil circuits, as described in this invention application.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a left view of the filter cleaning mechanism in an oil-immersed transformer that automatically unblocks and switches oil circuits, as described in this invention application.

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A three-dimensional sectional view at point AA.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the buffer fluid distribution structure in an oil-immersed transformer that automatically unblocks and switches oil circuits, as described in this invention application.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the fluid distribution fan blades and buffer assembly in an oil-immersed transformer that automatically unblocks and switches oil circuits, as described in this invention application.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of a scraping and slag removal structure in an oil-immersed transformer that automatically unblocks and switches oil circuits, as described in this invention application.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the elastic scraper and the second rotary drive assembly in an oil-immersed transformer that automatically unblocks and switches oil circuits, as described in this invention application.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the temporary storage cover and collection component in an oil-immersed transformer that automatically clears blockages and switches oil circuits, as described in this invention application.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a perspective view of the temporary storage cover, second rotating shaft, and driving fan blades in an oil-immersed transformer that automatically unblocks and switches oil circuits, according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a perspective view of a switching assembly in an oil-immersed transformer that automatically clears blockages and switches oil circuits, as described in this invention application.

[0030] Figure 12 This is a perspective view of the annular filter, annular toothed belt, transmission assembly, and first rotary drive assembly in an oil-immersed transformer for automatic unblocking and switching of oil circuits according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 13 This is a perspective view of the annular toothed belt, transmission assembly, and first rotary drive assembly in an oil-immersed transformer for automatic unblocking and switching of oil circuits according to the present invention.

[0032] The diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Transformer body; 2. Oil conservator; 3. Oil circuit switching assembly; 4. Housing; 41. Filter chamber; 5. Annular filter screen; 6. Drive mechanism; 61. Annular toothed belt; 62. Transmission assembly; 621. Gear; 622. First rotating shaft; 63. First rotary drive assembly; 631. First rotary actuator; 632. Transmission belt; 7. Buffer fluid distribution structure; 71. Gradually expanding pipe; 72. Fluid distribution fan blade; 73. Buffer assembly; 731. Guide rod; 73 2. Elastic element; 8. Scraping and slag discharge structure; 81. Temporary storage cover; 811. Collection channel; 82. Scraping structure; 821. Elastic scraper; 822. Second rotary drive assembly; 8221. Second rotating shaft; 8222. Mounting bracket; 8223. Second rotary actuator; 83. Collection assembly; 831. Collection box; 832. Collection net; 84. Drive fan blade; 85. Switch assembly; 851. Sealing plate; 8511. Connecting port; 852. Third rotary actuator. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To further understand the features, technical means, and specific objectives and functions achieved by this invention application, the invention application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] Reference Figures 1 to 13 The diagram shows an oil-immersed transformer with automatic unblocking and oil circuit switching, comprising a transformer body 1, an oil conservator 2, an oil circuit control mechanism, and a filtration and cleaning mechanism. The oil circuit control mechanism includes two oil circuit switching components 3 that can switch oil circuits, with the two switching components 3 respectively connecting the oil conservator 2 to the filtration and cleaning mechanism and the filtration and cleaning mechanism to the transformer body 1. The filtration and cleaning mechanism includes a housing 4, an annular filter 5, a drive mechanism 6, a buffer fluid distribution structure 7, and a scraping and slag removal structure 8. The inner cavity of the housing 4 is a filtration chamber 41, and the annular filter 5 is disposed within the filtration chamber 41. The drive mechanism 6 drives the annular filter 5 to circulate. The buffer fluid distribution structure 7 distributes the oil evenly along the width of the annular filter 5. The scraping and slag removal structure 8 scrapes away and temporarily stores the impurities trapped by the annular filter 5 and can discharge impurities during operation.

[0035] The oil circulates normally between the transformer body 1 and the oil conservator 2. When the oil circuit becomes blocked due to the accumulation of impurities and the flow resistance increases, the oil circuit control mechanism performs an oil circuit switching action through two oil circuit switching components 3, directing the circulating oil into the housing 4 of the filtration and cleaning mechanism. After entering the housing 4, the oil is first evenly diffused by the buffer distribution structure 7 and smoothly distributed on the annular filter screen 5 along the width direction, avoiding local impact and flow deviation. The oil passes through the annular filter screen 5 to complete impurity separation and filtration. The drive mechanism 6 continuously drives the annular filter screen 5 to circulate, causing the filter screen area that adsorbs and traps impurities to circulate to the location of the scraping and slag removal structure 8. The scraping and slag removal structure 8 continuously scrapes away the impurities and collects them temporarily. After cleaning and filtration, the oil flows back to the transformer body 1 or the oil conservator 2 through the oil circuit switching component 3 to re-enter normal circulation, realizing automatic unblocking and stable oil circuit switching without stopping the machine. The filter cleaning mechanism continuously cleans the impurities attached to the annular filter screen 5, keeping the annular filter screen 5 unobstructed, thereby keeping the resistance of the filter cleaning mechanism to the flow of oil at a low level.

[0036] Reference Figure 4 As shown: The annular filter 5 has a multi-layer composite structure, with an outer coarse filter layer and an inner fine filter layer, used to intercept impurities of different sizes in stages.

[0037] When the oil enters the filter chamber 41 and flows to the annular filter screen 5, it first contacts the outer coarse filter layer of the annular filter screen 5, where larger impurities in the oil are initially intercepted. The oil, after this initial filtration, continues to flow inward and passes through the inner fine filter layer of the annular filter screen 5, where smaller impurities are further intercepted, achieving graded filtration. The drive mechanism 6 continuously circulates the annular filter screen 5, causing different areas of the outer coarse filter layer and the inner fine filter layer to sequentially enter the oil flow channel, ensuring continuous renewal of the graded filtration areas and their stable interception function. By employing an internal and external graded filtration structure, impurities of different sizes are intercepted, improving filtration accuracy and efficiency.

[0038] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown: The buffer liquid distribution structure 7 includes a gradually expanding pipe body 71 and a liquid distribution fan blade 72; the small diameter end of the gradually expanding pipe body 71 is connected to the oil circuit switching component 3, and the large diameter end of the gradually expanding pipe body 71 is connected to the inner cavity of the box body 4; the liquid distribution fan blade 72 is disposed inside the gradually expanding pipe body 71.

[0039] The oil is transported to the buffer distribution structure 7 via the oil circuit switching component 3. It first enters the small diameter end of the gradually expanding pipe 71. During the flow through the gradually expanding pipe 71, the cross-section of the flow channel gradually expands and the oil flow rate decreases steadily. Then the oil enters the area where the distribution fan blade 72 is located. The distribution fan blade 72 is passively rotated under the impact of the oil, which diverts, guides and disturbs the oil, so that the oil is evenly distributed along the width direction of the annular filter screen 5, and then smoothly enters the filter chamber 41 of the housing 4. This avoids the high-speed oil from concentrating and impacting the annular filter screen 5, thereby achieving uniform distribution across the entire width and improving the effective utilization rate of the annular filter screen 5.

[0040] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown: The buffer liquid distribution structure 7 further includes a buffer component 73, which is used to reduce the impact of oil on the liquid distribution fan blade 72.

[0041] Specifically, the buffer assembly 73 includes a guide rod 731 and an elastic element 732. The guide rod 731 is coaxial with and slidably connected to the gradually expanding tube body 71, and the lower end of the guide rod 731 is connected to the liquid distribution fan blade 72. The elastic element 732 is used to provide a force to the guide rod 731 away from the annular filter screen 5.

[0042] When oil flows into the expanding pipe 71 and impacts the distribution fan blades 72, it generates an instantaneous impact force on the distribution fan blades 72. The force on the distribution fan blades 72 pushes the guide rod 731 to slide coaxially along the axis of the expanding pipe 71. During this sliding process, the guide rod 731 compresses the elastic element 732, which generates a force opposite to the impact force. This absorbs and counteracts the impact load from the oil, reducing the force and vibration on the distribution fan blades 72, thus ensuring stable operation and continuously and evenly guiding the oil to the annular filter screen 5. The cooperation between the guide rod 731 and the elastic element 732 absorbs the oil impact, significantly reducing the vibration of the distribution fan blades 72, thereby improving the operational stability of the buffer distribution structure 7.

[0043] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown: The scraping and slag removal structure 8 includes a temporary storage cover 81 and a scraping structure 82; the temporary storage cover 81 is disposed at the lower end of the housing 4; the scraping structure 82 is disposed inside the temporary storage cover 81 and is attached to the surface of the annular filter screen 5.

[0044] The drive mechanism 6 drives the annular filter screen 5 to continuously circulate. When the filter screen area that traps impurities moves to the temporary storage cover 81 area at the lower end of the housing 4, the scraping structure 82 located inside the temporary storage cover 81 always closely adheres to the surface of the annular filter screen 5, continuously scraping off the impurities attached to the filter screen surface. The scraped-off impurities fall into the temporary storage cover 81 below under their own gravity and the action of oil flow, thus realizing the online scraping of sludge and the immediate temporary storage of impurities on the annular filter screen 5, continuously keeping the annular filter screen 5 unobstructed, and avoiding the annular filter screen 5 from clogging and causing an increase in oil flow resistance.

[0045] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown: The scraping structure 82 includes an elastic scraper 821 and a second rotary drive assembly 822; the elastic scraper 821 is attached to the surface of the annular filter screen 5; the second rotary drive assembly 822 drives the elastic scraper 821 to rotate and scrape away impurities.

[0046] Specifically, the second rotary drive assembly 822 includes a second rotating shaft 8221, a mounting bracket 8222, and a second rotary driver 8223. The second rotating shaft 8221 is coaxially disposed inside the temporary storage cover 81. The mounting bracket 8222 is disposed at the upper end of the second rotating shaft 8221. An elastic scraper 821 is disposed on the mounting bracket 8222. The second rotary driver 8223 is used to drive the second rotating shaft 8221 to rotate.

[0047] The second rotary driver 8223 drives the second rotating shaft 8221 to rotate, and the second rotating shaft 8221 drives the mounting bracket 8222 to rotate synchronously, which in turn drives the elastic scraper 821 on the mounting bracket 8222 to rotate around the axis. The elastic scraper 821 always elastically adheres to the surface of the annular filter screen 5, scraping off the impurities attached to the surface of the annular filter screen 5. The scraped-off impurities fall into the temporary storage cover 81 under the action of gravity and oil flow. When encountering impurities that are difficult to scrape off, the elastic scraper 821 is subjected to force and moves slightly downward and briefly separates from the annular filter screen 5, thereby avoiding rigid pulling and damage to the annular filter screen 5.

[0048] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 9 As shown: The temporary storage cover 81 is provided with a collection channel 811, and a detachable collection component 83 is provided inside the collection channel 811. The collection component 83 is used to temporarily store impurities and prevent impurities from flowing back.

[0049] Specifically, the collection component 83 includes a collection box 831 and a collection net 832. The collection box 831 is plugged into the collection channel 811, and the collection net 832 is inclinedly disposed in the collection box 831. The collection net 832 is used to prevent impurities from flowing back.

[0050] Impurities scraped off from the annular filter screen 5 by the scraping structure 82 enter the temporary storage cover 81. Under the combined action of gravity and oil flow, they enter the collection assembly 83 through the collection channel 811 on the temporary storage cover 81. The oil carrying impurities flows into the collection box 831 inserted into the collection channel 811. The inclined collection net 832 intercepts and retains the impurities in the collection box 831 for temporary storage, while the oil continues to circulate through the collection net 832. The inclined collection net 832 also prevents impurities from flowing back up to the filter chamber 41, avoiding secondary pollution. After the collection box 831 is full of impurities, it can be pulled out from the collection channel 811 to complete the impurity cleaning and reset, thereby realizing impurity collection and blocking backflow.

[0051] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 10 As shown: The temporary storage cover 81 is also provided with a pusher blade 84, which is connected to the second rotation drive assembly 822. The pusher blade 84 rotates to push the impurities to the collection assembly 83.

[0052] The pusher blade 84 is connected to the second rotating shaft 8221 of the rotary drive assembly. When the second rotary driver 8223 drives the second rotating shaft 8221 to rotate, it synchronously drives the pusher blade 84 inside the temporary storage cover 81 to rotate. During the rotation, the pusher blade 84 generates a directional thrust on the oil containing impurities in the temporary storage cover 81, continuously pushing the impurities toward the direction of the collection channel 811 and the collection assembly 83, so that the impurities can quickly and smoothly enter the collection area, avoiding the impurities from lingering and accumulating inside the temporary storage cover 81. By actively pushing the impurities into the collection assembly 83, it effectively prevents the accumulation of slag and blockage in the temporary storage cover 81, and ensures the long-term stable operation of the scraping and slag discharge structure 8.

[0053] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 11 As shown: A switch assembly 85 is also provided inside the temporary storage cover 81, which is used to control the on / off state of the collection channel 811.

[0054] Specifically, the switch assembly 85 includes a sealing plate 851 and a third rotary driver 852. The sealing plate 851 has a communication port 8511. The third rotary driver 852 is used to drive the sealing plate 851 to rotate around the inner wall of the temporary storage cover 81. When the communication port 8511 on the sealing plate 851 is connected to the collection channel 811, the collection channel 811 is opened.

[0055] The third rotary actuator 852 drives the sealing plate 851 to rotate along the inner wall of the temporary storage cover 81. By changing the circumferential position of the sealing plate 851, the opening and closing of the collection channel 811 is controlled. When collecting impurities, the connecting port 8511 on the sealing plate 851 is aligned with the collection channel 811, the collection channel 811 is opened, and impurities can enter the collection assembly 83. When disassembling the collection box 831, the sealing plate 851 rotates to make the connecting port 8511 misaligned with the collection channel 811, the sealing plate 851 closes the collection channel 811, and blocks the passage between oil and impurities. By controlling the opening and closing of the collection channel 811, the oil circuit is closed during disassembly and maintenance to prevent oil leakage and impurity backflow.

[0056] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown: The drive mechanism 6 includes an annular toothed belt 61, a transmission assembly 62, and a first rotary drive assembly 63; the annular toothed belt 61 is connected to the annular filter screen 5; the transmission assembly 62 is drively connected to the annular toothed belt 61; the first rotary drive assembly 63 is used to provide cyclic power to the annular toothed belt 61.

[0057] Specifically, the transmission assembly 62 includes a gear 621 and a first rotating shaft 622. The gear 621 meshes with an annular toothed belt 61, and the first rotating shaft 622 is connected to the gear 621. The first rotary drive assembly 63 includes a first rotary driver 631 and a transmission belt 632. The two ends of the transmission belt 632 are respectively connected to the output ends of the first rotating shaft 622 and the first rotary driver 631.

[0058] The first rotary driver 631 operates and drives the transmission belt 632 to rotate. The transmission belt 632 then drives the first rotating shaft 622 to rotate synchronously with the gear 621. The gear 621 meshes with the annular toothed belt 61 and transmits power to the annular toothed belt 61. The annular toothed belt 61 drives the annular filter screen 5 connected to it to continuously perform cyclical motion, so that different areas of the annular filter screen 5 enter the filter chamber 41 and the slag scraping area in sequence, thereby realizing continuous cyclical operation.

[0059] The above embodiments only illustrate one or more implementation methods of this invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of this invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An oil-immersed transformer with automatic unblocking and oil circuit switching, characterized in that, Includes transformer body (1), oil conservator (2), oil circuit control mechanism and filter cleaning mechanism; The oil circuit control mechanism includes two switchable oil circuit switching components (3), and the two oil circuit switching components (3) are respectively connected to the oil tank (2) and the filter cleaning mechanism, and the filter cleaning mechanism and the transformer body (1). The filtration and cleaning mechanism includes a housing (4), an annular filter screen (5), a drive mechanism (6), a buffer liquid distribution structure (7), and a scraping slag discharge structure (8). The inner cavity of the housing (4) is a filtration chamber (41). The annular filter screen (5) is installed in the filtration chamber (41). The drive mechanism (6) is used to drive the annular filter screen (5) to circulate. The buffer liquid distribution structure (7) makes the oil evenly distributed on the annular filter screen (5) along the width direction. The scraping slag discharge structure (8) is used to scrape off and temporarily store the impurities trapped by the annular filter screen (5), and can discharge impurities during operation.

2. The oil-immersed transformer with automatic unblocking and oil circuit switching according to claim 1, characterized in that, The annular filter (5) has a multi-layer composite structure, with an outer coarse filter layer and an inner fine filter layer, which is used to intercept impurities of different sizes in stages.

3. The oil-immersed transformer with automatic unblocking and oil circuit switching according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer liquid distribution structure (7) includes a gradually expanding tube (71) and liquid distribution fan blades (72). The small-diameter end of the gradually expanding pipe (71) is connected to the oil circuit switching assembly (3), and the large-diameter end of the gradually expanding pipe (71) is connected to the inner cavity of the box (4). The liquid distribution fan blade (72) is disposed inside the gradually expanding tube body (71).

4. The oil-immersed transformer with automatic unblocking and oil circuit switching according to claim 3, characterized in that, The buffered liquid distribution structure (7) further includes a buffer component (73) for reducing the impact of the oil on the liquid distribution fan blades (72).

5. An oil-immersed transformer with automatic unblocking and oil circuit switching according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scraping and slag removal structure (8) includes a temporary storage cover (81) and a scraping structure (82); The temporary storage cover (81) is located at the lower end of the box (4); The scraping structure (82) is disposed inside the temporary storage cover (81) and the scraping structure (82) is attached to the surface of the annular filter (5).

6. An oil-immersed transformer with automatic unblocking and oil circuit switching according to claim 5, characterized in that, The scraping structure (82) includes an elastic scraper (821) and a second rotary drive assembly (822); The elastic scraper (821) is attached to the surface of the annular filter screen (5); The second rotary drive assembly (822) drives the elastic scraper (821) to rotate and scrape away impurities.

7. An oil-immersed transformer with automatic unblocking and oil circuit switching according to claim 5, characterized in that, The temporary storage cover (81) is provided with a collection channel (811), and a detachable collection component (83) is provided inside the collection channel (811). The collection component (83) is used to temporarily store impurities and prevent impurities from flowing back.

8. An oil-immersed transformer with automatic unblocking and oil circuit switching according to claim 7, characterized in that, The temporary storage cover (81) is also provided with a pusher blade (84), which is connected to the second rotary drive assembly (822). The pusher blade (84) rotates to push the impurities to the collection assembly (83).

9. An oil-immersed transformer with automatic unblocking and oil circuit switching according to claim 8, characterized in that, The temporary storage cover (81) is also provided with a switch assembly (85), which is used to control the opening and closing of the collection channel (811).

10. An oil-immersed transformer with automatic unblocking and oil circuit switching according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (6) includes an annular toothed belt (61), a transmission assembly (62), and a first rotary drive assembly (63). The annular toothed belt (61) is connected to the annular filter screen (5); The transmission assembly (62) is connected to the annular toothed belt (61) in a transmission connection; The first rotary drive assembly (63) is used to provide cyclic power to the annular toothed belt (61).

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