A resource recycling and recovery treatment device and method for waste lithium ion batteries

Abstract

This invention provides a waste lithium-ion battery resource recycling and processing device, relating to the field of battery resource recycling technology. The device includes: a support frame; a discharge mechanism, which comprises a housing, a separator, a first driving component, and a conveying assembly. The housing is fixed to the support frame, the separator is fixed to the housing, and the first driving component is fixed to the housing. A method for recycling waste lithium-ion batteries includes the following steps: Step S1, pretreatment, where waste batteries are initially discharged in the waste lithium-ion battery resource recycling and processing device, followed by crushing and sorting to obtain a black substance. This allows for the selection of different discharge liquids based on battery voltage detection results, improving the repeatability of waste battery discharge and effectively reducing over-discharge or under-discharge phenomena. It also adapts to continuous discharge recycling of waste batteries, improving the discharge efficiency of waste battery recycling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery resource recycling technology, and in particular to a waste lithium-ion battery resource recycling and processing equipment and method. Background Technology

[0002] In the recycling process of spent lithium-ion batteries, discharge treatment is the primary preliminary step to ensure the safe and efficient subsequent dismantling, crushing, sorting, and material regeneration. Currently, the industry commonly uses methods such as batch immersion discharge, resistance discharge, or continuous discharge in conductive solutions to facilitate the continuous recycling and processing of spent lithium-ion batteries.

[0003] In the relevant prior art, publication number CN115566217A discloses a battery discharge device for lithium-ion battery recycling, including: a reaction box, with first fixing blocks symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the top of the reaction box; a protective plate, with a protective plate connected between the four first fixing blocks; a vent pipe, with a vent pipe connected and communicating with both the front and rear sides of the reaction box; and a placement mechanism, with a placement mechanism arranged on the right side of the reaction box.

[0004] Using existing battery discharge equipment, the same soaking time and discharge solution are used for batteries with different degrees of damage and voltage during the discharge process. This can easily lead to over-discharge and under-discharge of some waste batteries. Further research is needed on how to discharge waste batteries in batches.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a waste lithium-ion battery recycling and processing equipment to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a waste lithium-ion battery recycling and processing equipment, which solves the problem in related technologies that make it inconvenient to discharge waste batteries in batches.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a waste lithium-ion battery resource recycling and processing device, comprising:

[0008] support;

[0009] A discharge mechanism, comprising a housing, an isolation plate, a first driving member, and a conveying assembly, wherein the housing is fixed on the support, the isolation plate is fixed inside the housing, the first driving member is fixed on the housing, and the conveying assembly is connected to the driving part of the first driving member. The conveying assembly, in conjunction with the isolation plate, divides the housing into a first discharge chamber and a second discharge chamber.

[0010] A material bin is fixedly mounted on the support, and a drain pipe is fixedly connected to the box body and the material bin. A sliding hole is provided on the drain pipe.

[0011] The feeding mechanism includes a mounting frame, a belt drive component, multiple partition plates, and a second drive component. The mounting frame is fixed on the drain pipe. The belt drive component passes through the material box and is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame. The multiple partition plates are arranged around the belt drive component. When the partition plates rotate, they are inserted into the drain pipe. The second drive component is fixed on the mounting frame, and the driving part of the second drive component is fixed to the rotating part of the belt drive component.

[0012] A voltage measuring device is installed on the top of the housing. The measuring end of the voltage measuring device is provided with two conductive plates. The two conductive plates are symmetrically installed inside the drain tube. The conductive plates are elastically installed to the inner wall of the drain tube through an elastic support.

[0013] A switching mechanism is installed between the drainage tube and the housing, and the switching mechanism is used to switch the output direction of the drainage tube;

[0014] The first discharge chamber is filled with discharge liquid one, and the second discharge chamber is filled with discharge liquid two. The liquid levels of discharge liquid one and discharge liquid two are both located below the discharge port.

[0015] Preferably, the conveying assembly includes two rollers, a conveyor belt, and two rows of pushers. The two rollers are rotatably mounted inside the housing. One of the rollers is fixedly connected to the driving part of the first driving member. The conveyor belt drives the two rollers. The conveyor belt is slidably sealed to the housing and the partition plate respectively. The two rows of pushers are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the partition plate. The pushers are mounted around the conveyor belt.

[0016] The pusher has a mesh structure and is inclined on the conveyor belt. When the pusher rotates to the discharge port, the waste batteries on the pusher are automatically discharged from the discharge port.

[0017] Preferably, the drainage tube has a sliding hole, and the switching mechanism includes a telescopic component, a connecting slide, and a guide plate. The two ends of the telescopic component are fixedly connected to the housing and the connecting slide. The connecting slide passes through the sliding hole and is fixedly connected to the guide plate. The guide plate is slidably installed at the outlet of the drainage tube.

[0018] Preferably, a transparent monitoring plate is integrated on the drainage tube, and two friction plates are fixed inside the drainage tube, with the two friction plates symmetrically arranged on the rotation path of the spacer plate;

[0019] The waste lithium-ion battery recycling and processing equipment also includes a visual inspection device, which is fixed on the drain pipe and has its detection range facing the monitoring board.

[0020] When the waste batteries are conveyed downward through the spacer, they rotate adaptively under the resistance of the friction plate, and the visual inspection device performs visual inspection on the rotating waste batteries.

[0021] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes a mounting frame, a belt drive component, multiple spacers, and a first gear. The mounting frame is fixed on the drain pipe. The belt drive component passes through the material box and is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame. The multiple spacers are arranged around the belt drive component. When the spacers rotate, they are inserted into the drain pipe. The first gear is fixedly connected to the rotating part of the belt drive component through a synchronous shaft.

[0022] One of the rollers has a second gear fixed to its shaft end, and the second gear meshes with the first gear.

[0023] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes a mounting frame, a belt drive component, multiple spacers, and a first gear. The mounting frame is fixed on the drain pipe. The belt drive component passes through the material box and is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame. The multiple spacers are arranged around the belt drive component. When the spacers rotate, they are inserted into the drain pipe. The first gear is fixedly connected to the rotating part of the belt drive component through a synchronous shaft.

[0024] One of the rollers has a second gear fixed to its shaft end, and the second gear meshes with the first gear.

[0025] Preferably, the bottom of the box is provided with a grid, and the waste lithium-ion battery resource recycling and processing equipment further includes a circulation box. The bottom of the circulation box is fixedly connected to the bottom of the box. The circulation box is sleeved on the bottom of the grid and is interconnected with it. The circulation box is provided with a return pipe.

[0026] There are two grids, corresponding to the first discharge chamber and the second discharge chamber respectively, and the circulation box is configured in a one-to-one correspondence with the grids;

[0027] The pusher makes sliding contact with the inner wall of the box.

[0028] Preferably, a filter plate is provided inside the circulation box, and the inlet end of the return pipe is located below the filter plate.

[0029] This invention also provides a method for the resource recycling of waste lithium-ion batteries, comprising the following steps:

[0030] Step S1, pretreatment: The waste batteries are put into the waste lithium-ion battery resource recycling and processing equipment for preliminary discharge. After discharge, they are crushed and sorted to obtain black material.

[0031] Step S2: Washing, adding deionized water to the black substance, stirring, filtering, to obtain a lithium-containing solution and residue;

[0032] Step S3: Evaporation treatment, the lithium-containing solution is evaporated and dried to obtain a solid product;

[0033] Step S4, heat recovery, involves heat treatment of the solid product to obtain a mixture of lithium fluoride and lithium phosphate; the mixture of lithium fluoride and lithium phosphate can be separated by dissolution, filtration, and evaporation crystallization.

[0034] Step S5, reduction treatment: The residue and reducing agent described in step S2 are mixed and placed in a high-temperature furnace for reduction to obtain the reduction product;

[0035] Step S6, Dissolve: Dissolve the reduction product with an appropriate amount of deionized water, filter to remove insoluble matter, and obtain filtrate;

[0036] Step S7: Purification. The filtrate is evaporated and crystallized, then cooled, precipitated, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain high-purity lithium carbonate.

[0037] Preferably, the reducing agent is anthracite.

[0038] Compared with related technologies, the waste lithium-ion battery recycling and processing equipment provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] While the waste batteries are being fed downwards through the feeding mechanism, the voltage of the waste batteries can also be measured using the conductive sheet. This allows for the selection of different discharge solutions based on the battery voltage detection results. On the one hand, this improves the repeatability of waste battery discharge, effectively reducing over-discharge or under-discharge phenomena. On the other hand, it can adapt to the continuous discharge recycling of waste batteries, thereby improving the discharge efficiency of waste battery recycling. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of a first embodiment of a waste lithium-ion battery resource recycling and processing equipment provided by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of section AA shown;

[0043] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the drainage tube section shown;

[0044] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of section BB shown;

[0045] Figure 5 for Figure 2 The top view of the box shown in the plan section;

[0046] Figure 6 A three-dimensional diagram of a second embodiment of a waste lithium-ion battery recycling and processing equipment provided by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 For the image Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the box section shown;

[0048] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The top view of the box section shown.

[0049] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0050] 1. Bracket;

[0051] 2. Discharge mechanism; 21. Housing; 210. Discharge port; 22. Isolation plate; 23. First drive component; 24. Conveying assembly; 241. Roller; 242. Conveyor belt; 243. Pusher frame;

[0052] 100. First discharge chamber; 200. Second discharge chamber;

[0053] 3. Material bin; 31. Drain pipe; 310. Sliding hole; 311. Monitoring panel; 312. Friction plate;

[0054] 4. Feeding mechanism; 41. Mounting frame; 42. Belt drive component; 43. Partition plate; 44. Second drive component;

[0055] 5. Voltage measuring device; 51. Conductive sheet; 511. Elastic support component;

[0056] 6. Visual inspection device;

[0057] 7. Switching mechanism; 71. Telescopic component; 72. Connecting carriage; 73. Guide ramp;

[0058] 45. First gear; 451. Synchronous shaft; 2411. Second gear;

[0059] 211. Grille;

[0060] 8. Circulation box; 81. Filter plate; 82. Return pipe.

[0061] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] This invention provides a waste lithium-ion battery recycling and processing equipment.

[0064] First embodiment.

[0065] Please see Figures 1 to 4 In this invention, a waste lithium-ion battery recycling and processing device includes:

[0066] Bracket 1;

[0067] The discharge mechanism 2 includes a housing 21, an isolation plate 22, a first driving member 23, and a conveying assembly 24. The housing 21 is fixed on the support 1, the isolation plate 22 is fixed inside the housing 21, the first driving member 23 is fixed on the housing 21, and the conveying assembly 24 is connected to the driving part of the first driving member 23. The conveying assembly 24, in conjunction with the isolation plate 22, divides the interior of the housing 21 into a first discharge chamber 100 and a second discharge chamber 200.

[0068] Material box 3, the material box 3 is fixed on the bracket 1, and the drain pipe 31 is fixedly connected to the box body 21 and the material box 3. The drain pipe 31 is provided with a sliding hole 310.

[0069] The feeding mechanism 4 includes a mounting frame 41, a belt drive component 42, multiple partition plates 43, and a second drive component 44. The mounting frame 41 is fixed on the drainage pipe 31. The belt drive component 42 passes through the material box 3 and is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame 41. The multiple partition plates 43 are arranged around the belt drive component 42. When the partition plates 43 rotate, they are inserted into the drainage pipe 31. The second drive component 44 is fixed on the mounting frame 41, and the driving part of the second drive component 44 is fixed to the rotating part of the belt drive component 42.

[0070] A voltage measuring device 5 is installed on the top of the housing 21. The measuring end of the voltage measuring device 5 is provided with two conductive plates 51. The two conductive plates 51 are symmetrically installed inside the drain tube 31. The conductive plates 51 are elastically installed to the inner wall of the drain tube 31 through an elastic support member 511.

[0071] A switching mechanism 7 is installed between the drainage pipe 31 and the housing 21, and the switching mechanism 7 is used to switch the output direction of the drainage pipe 31;

[0072] The first discharge chamber 100 is filled with discharge liquid one, and the second discharge chamber 200 is filled with discharge liquid two. The liquid levels of discharge liquid one and discharge liquid two are both located below the discharge port 210.

[0073] In this embodiment, the discharge port 210 is located in the output direction of the conveying component 24, and the discharge port 210 is connected to the first discharge chamber 100 and the second discharge chamber 200 respectively, so that the waste batteries after regional discharge can be discharged and centrally discharged through the discharge port 210.

[0074] In this embodiment, the discharge liquid is stored only in the bottom region of the conveying component 24 to ensure that the discharge liquid does not flow out from the outlet 210.

[0075] In this embodiment, the discharge solution is NaCl standard discharge solution, which is suitable for immersion-type batch discharge of waste batteries (2.5V~4.2V) under normal pressure;

[0076] Discharge solution 2 uses NaCl and flame retardant, and is suitable for immersion discharge of low-voltage / aged batteries (0~2.5V).

[0077] Discharge liquid one and discharge liquid two are spaced apart by the isolation plate 22 and the conveying component 24, and their immersion discharge environments do not interfere with each other.

[0078] In this embodiment, the first driving component 23 can be a motor, which is used to directly drive the conveying component 24 to operate. The conveying component 24 drives the waste batteries in the first discharge chamber 100 and the second discharge chamber 200 to be guided and conveyed.

[0079] In this embodiment, the second drive member 44 can be an independent motor structure for the separate control of the belt drive member 42.

[0080] The voltage measuring device 5 integrates the existing voltage measuring sensor and PLC control system. The voltage measuring sensor, together with the two conductive plates 51, is electrically connected to both ends of the waste battery during the transportation process, and is used to measure the voltage of the waste battery after contact.

[0081] The PLC control system is used to control the switching mechanism 7 based on the voltage measurement results.

[0082] The elastic support 511 is used to elastically connect the drain tube 31 and the conductive sheet 51, making the conductive sheet 51 more stable when in contact with the waste battery.

[0083] Only a portion of the contact surface of the conductive sheet 51 is conductive, while the remainder is insulating. Therefore, in actual use, the conductive sheet 51 allows only one waste battery to be electrically connected, ensuring the stability of waste battery voltage measurement.

[0084] While the waste batteries are being fed downwards through the feeding mechanism 4, the conductive sheet 51 can also measure the voltage of the waste batteries. Based on the battery voltage detection results, different discharge liquids can be selected. This improves the repeatability of waste battery discharge, effectively reducing over-discharge or under-discharge phenomena. At the same time, it can adapt to the continuous discharge recycling of waste batteries, improving the discharge efficiency of waste battery recycling.

[0085] Among them, the waste batteries processed in this application are a type of solid waste. The resource-based treatment and recycling of waste batteries also belong to the resource-based recycling technology of solid waste.

[0086] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 and Figure 2 The conveying assembly 24 includes two rollers 241, a conveyor belt 242, and two rows of pushers 243. The two rollers 241 are rotatably installed inside the housing 21. One of the rollers 241 is fixedly connected to the driving part of the first driving member 23. The conveyor belt 242 drives the two rollers 241. The conveyor belt 242 is slidably sealed to the housing 21 and the isolation plate 22 respectively. The two rows of pushers 243 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the isolation plate 22. The pushers 243 are mounted around the conveyor belt 242.

[0087] The pusher 243 has a mesh structure and is inclinedly arranged on the conveyor belt 242. When the pusher 243 rotates to the discharge port 210, the waste batteries on the pusher 243 are automatically discharged from the discharge port 210.

[0088] In this embodiment, the surfaces of the roller 241, the conveyor belt 242, and the pusher frame 243 are all provided with corrosion-resistant coatings to ensure the stability of equipment operation.

[0089] The two rows of push racks 243 are respectively arranged in the range of the first discharge chamber 100 and the second discharge chamber 200; to facilitate the simultaneous diversion, spacing and discharge of waste batteries in the two areas.

[0090] Preferred, such as Figure 2 As shown, there are twenty pusher racks 243 in each row, which are arranged around the surface of the conveyor belt 242 for the interval guidance and conveying of waste batteries, so as to avoid the accumulation of waste batteries.

[0091] By providing the pusher 243 on the conveyor belt 242, the pusher 243, when following the conveyor belt 242, ensures that the waste batteries are spaced apart and only pushes the waste batteries toward the discharge port 210, which facilitates the continuous discharge of the waste batteries. Furthermore, the spaced distribution of adjacent waste batteries prevents battery accumulation and ensures the efficiency of continuous discharge of the waste batteries.

[0092] In this embodiment, the first discharge chamber 100 and the second discharge chamber 200 are each provided with an independent inlet pipe for independent injection or replacement of different discharge liquids.

[0093] Please refer to the following: Figure 2 and Figure 3 The drainage pipe 31 has a sliding hole 310. The switching mechanism 7 includes a telescopic member 71, a connecting slide 72 and a guide plate 73. The two ends of the telescopic member 71 are fixedly connected to the box 21 and the connecting slide 72. The connecting slide 72 passes through the sliding hole 310 and is fixedly connected to the guide plate 73. The guide plate 73 is slidably installed at the outlet of the drainage pipe 31.

[0094] In this embodiment, the telescopic member 71 can be any one of an electric telescopic rod, a hydraulic telescopic cylinder, or a telescopic cylinder, used to directly drive the guide plate 73 to extend and retract.

[0095] The telescopic component 71 is signal-connected to the voltage measuring device 5. When the voltage measured by the voltage measuring device 5 is a normal voltage, the telescopic component 71 remains in a contracted state, and the output end of the drainage tube 31 is connected to the first discharge chamber 100.

[0096] When the voltage measured by the voltage measuring device 5 is an undervoltage voltage, the telescopic member 71 switches to the extended state, and the output end of the drainage tube 31 is connected to the second discharge chamber 200.

[0097] When it is necessary to put the waste battery into the first discharge chamber 100, the telescopic member 71 is kept in the retracted state, and the waste battery output by the drain pipe 31 can fall directly into the range of the first discharge chamber 100.

[0098] When it is necessary to put the used battery into the second discharge chamber 200, the telescopic component 71 is activated. The telescopic component 71 drives the guide plate 73 to move to the left via the connecting slide 72 (e.g., Figure 4 (as shown in the direction), the guide plate 73 blocks the top of the first discharge chamber 100 and opens the opening of the second discharge chamber 200, so that the waste batteries output by the drain pipe 31 can fall directly into the range of the second discharge chamber 200.

[0099] Please refer to the following: Figure 2 and Figure 3 The drainage tube 31 is integrated with a transparent monitoring plate 311, and two friction plates 312 are fixed inside the drainage tube 31. The two friction plates 312 are symmetrically arranged on the rotation path of the spacer plate 43.

[0100] The waste lithium-ion battery recycling and processing equipment also includes a visual inspection device 6, which is fixed on the drain pipe 31 and the detection range of the visual inspection device 6 faces the monitoring plate 311.

[0101] When the waste battery is conveyed downward through the spacer plate 43, the waste battery rotates adaptively under the resistance of the friction plate 312, and the visual inspection device 6 performs visual inspection on the rotating waste battery.

[0102] Specifically, the visual inspection device 6 uses an existing industrial vision camera to detect surface defects of the flipped waste battery through the monitoring board 311, so as to distinguish whether the battery is broken or damaged.

[0103] If the used battery is intact and has a normal voltage, put it into the first discharge chamber 100;

[0104] If the used battery has a low voltage or is damaged, put it into the second discharge chamber 200.

[0105] During the downward conveying of waste batteries along the drain pipe 31, the surface of the waste batteries comes into contact with the surface of the friction plate 312. Under the resistance of the friction plate 312, the waste batteries rotate as they move downward. During the rotation, the visual inspection device 6 performs visual inspection on the surface defects and flaws of the waste batteries, which facilitates voltage measurement and visual inspection at the same time as the waste batteries are fed in. The waste batteries are then allocated to the corresponding discharge areas based on the voltage measurement results and the visual inspection results.

[0106] The working principle of the waste lithium-ion battery recycling and processing equipment provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0107] A1. Waste batteries are conveyed downward from the material bin 3 into the drain pipe 31. The second drive unit 44 is activated. The second drive unit 44 drives the partition plate 43 to rotate clockwise through the belt drive unit 42. The partition plate 43 separates the waste batteries and conveys them downward along the drain pipe 31. During the conveying process, both ends of the waste batteries contact the two conductive plates 51 respectively. After contact, the voltage measuring device 5 measures the voltage of the waste batteries through the two conductive plates 51.

[0108] After the waste battery is electrically measured, the waste battery is pushed down by the spacer plate 43 and its surface comes into contact with the two friction plates 312, so that the waste battery rolls adaptively while moving down. While rolling, the visual inspection device 6 performs visual inspection on the waste battery through the monitoring plate 311 to check whether the waste battery has surface damage.

[0109] A2, when the measured voltage is at the normal waste battery voltage, the switching mechanism 7 maintains the connection between the drain pipe 31 and the first discharge chamber 100, and the waste battery is fed downward into the conveying range of the first discharge chamber 100 after being guided by the guide plate 73.

[0110] A3, when the measured voltage is at the level of a depleted used battery, the telescopic component 71 is activated. The telescopic component 71 drives the guide plate 73 to extend via the connecting slide 72. The guide plate 73 controls the connection between the drain pipe 31 and the second discharge chamber 200. After being guided by the guide plate 73, the used battery is dropped into the conveying range of the second discharge chamber 200. This facilitates the separate placement and discharge of used batteries with different voltage levels according to the voltage detection results.

[0111] A4. During discharge, the first driving component 23 is activated, which drives the roller 241 to rotate. The roller 241 drives the two rows of pusher frames 243 to rotate and transport simultaneously via the conveyor belt 242. While the pusher frames 243 are rotating and transporting, they also drive the received waste batteries into the corresponding discharge liquid, which facilitates the simultaneous immersion and discharge of waste batteries from different areas.

[0112] Second embodiment.

[0113] Please see Figure 6Based on the waste lithium-ion battery recycling and processing equipment provided in the first embodiment of the present invention, the second embodiment of the present invention proposes another waste lithium-ion battery recycling and processing equipment. The second embodiment is merely a preferred embodiment of the first embodiment, and the implementation of the second embodiment will not affect the separate implementation of the first embodiment.

[0114] Specifically, the difference in the waste lithium-ion battery resource recycling and processing equipment provided in the second embodiment of the present invention is that the feeding mechanism 4 may not include the second driving component 44.

[0115] The feeding mechanism 4 includes a mounting frame 41, a belt drive component 42, multiple spacers 43, and a first gear 45. The mounting frame 41 is fixed on the drain pipe 31. The belt drive component 42 passes through the material box 3 and is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame 41. The multiple spacers 43 are arranged around the belt drive component 42. When the spacers 43 rotate, they are inserted into the drain pipe 31. The first gear 45 is fixedly connected to the rotating part of the belt drive component 42 through a synchronous shaft 451.

[0116] One of the rollers 241 has a second gear 2411 fixed at its shaft end, and the second gear 2411 meshes with the first gear 45.

[0117] The roller 241 is connected to the belt drive 42 through the second gear 2411 and the first gear 45, so that while the first drive member 23 drives the roller 241 to rotate, the roller 241 also drives the belt drive 42 to rotate; so that while the waste batteries in the box 21 are being pushed and discharged, the downward feeding of the waste batteries in the drain pipe 31 is also being controlled simultaneously.

[0118] Ultimately, under the control of the first driving component 23, the horizontal discharge of waste batteries and the vertical placement of waste batteries are realized simultaneously. At the same time as placement, the voltage of waste batteries is measured and visually inspected to facilitate safe discharge of waste batteries before recycling.

[0119] Please refer to the following: Figures 6 to 7 to Figure 8 The bottom of the box 21 is provided with a grid 211. The waste lithium-ion battery resource recycling and processing equipment also includes a circulation box 8. The bottom of the circulation box 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the box 21. The circulation box 8 is sleeved on the bottom of the grid 211 and is interconnected with it. The circulation box 8 is provided with a return pipe 82.

[0120] Two grids 211 are provided, corresponding to the first discharge chamber 100 and the second discharge chamber 200 respectively, and the circulation box 8 is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the grids 211;

[0121] The pusher 243 slides in contact with the inner wall of the box 21.

[0122] In this embodiment, the two circulation tanks 8 are pre-filled with corresponding discharge fluid. A corresponding solenoid valve is installed on the return pipe 82 to facilitate its opening and closing.

[0123] While the conveyor belt 242 drives the pusher 243 to transport waste batteries in the box 21, the pusher 243 can push the slag at the bottom of the box 21 to move simultaneously, so that the slag can move into the range of the grid 211. After passing through the grid 211, the slag can fall into the interior of the circulation box 8 for centralized collection, while the waste batteries can continue to be pushed above the grid 211, avoiding the accumulation of slag in the box 21 and affecting the subsequent discharge of waste batteries.

[0124] Preferably, the circulation box 8 is provided with a filter plate 81 inside, and the input end of the return pipe 82 is located below the filter plate 81.

[0125] This allows the slag to be filtered directly through the filter plate 81 after falling into the circulation box 8, thus completing the filtration and collection of the slag inside the circulation box 8.

[0126] This embodiment provides the synchronization principle of a waste lithium-ion battery recycling and processing equipment:

[0127] When the equipment is started, the first drive unit 23 is activated, which drives the roller 241 to rotate. The roller 241 drives the pusher 243 to rotate and push through the conveyor belt 242.

[0128] The pusher 243 is used to guide and transport the waste batteries entering the housing 21 when it moves; while the roller 241 rotates, the first gear 45 is driven to rotate by the second gear 2411, the first gear 45 drives the belt drive 42 to rotate by the synchronous shaft 451, and the belt drive 42 drives the partition plate 43 to rotate in the drainage pipe 31, which is used to separate and vertically transport the waste batteries entering the drainage pipe 31.

[0129] When the pusher 243 moves, it is also used to horizontally push the slag in the box 21, so that the slag falls into the interior of the circulation box 8 after passing through the grid 211 for centralized collection.

[0130] Ultimately, under the driving action of the first driving component 23, the system simultaneously achieves horizontal pushing and discharging of waste batteries, centralized collection of slag, vertical feeding of waste batteries, voltage measurement, rotation, and visual inspection of waste batteries. This facilitates the continuous recycling and processing of waste batteries.

[0131] This invention also provides a method for the resource recycling of waste lithium-ion batteries.

[0132] A method for recycling spent lithium-ion batteries includes the following steps:

[0133] Step S1, pretreatment: The waste batteries are put into the waste lithium-ion battery resource recycling and processing equipment for preliminary discharge. After discharge, they are crushed and sorted to obtain black material.

[0134] Step S2: Washing, adding deionized water to the black substance, stirring, filtering, to obtain a lithium-containing solution and residue;

[0135] Step S3: Evaporation treatment, the lithium-containing solution is evaporated and dried to obtain a solid product;

[0136] Step S4, heat recovery, involves heat treatment of the solid product to obtain a mixture of lithium fluoride and lithium phosphate; the mixture of lithium fluoride and lithium phosphate can be separated by dissolution, filtration, and evaporation crystallization.

[0137] Step S5, reduction treatment: The residue and reducing agent described in step S2 are mixed and placed in a high-temperature furnace for reduction to obtain the reduction product;

[0138] Step S6, Dissolve: Dissolve the reduction product with an appropriate amount of deionized water, filter to remove insoluble matter, and obtain filtrate;

[0139] Step S7: Purification. The filtrate is evaporated and crystallized, then cooled, precipitated, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain high-purity lithium carbonate.

[0140] Specifically, the reducing agent is one of anthracite, carbon black, or fluid coke.

[0141] Technical effects:

[0142] The use of a fluorine-free process avoids the use of harmful substances such as hydrofluoric acid, reducing environmental pollution. Simultaneously, the carbothermic reduction process utilizes a solid carbonaceous reducing agent, lowering energy consumption. Compared to traditional recycling methods, the process is shorter, simpler to operate, and reduces production costs.

[0143] Case 1.

[0144] S1. The waste battery is put into the waste lithium-ion battery resource recycling and processing equipment for initial discharge. After discharge, it is crushed and sorted to obtain black material.

[0145] S2. Add deionized water to the black substance, mix at a ratio of 200g / L, stir for 1 hour, filter, and obtain a lithium-containing solution and residue.

[0146] S3. Evaporate and dry the lithium-containing solution to obtain a solid product;

[0147] S4. The solid product is heat-treated under a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature of 700°C for 3 hours to obtain a mixture of lithium fluoride and lithium phosphate; the mixture of lithium fluoride and lithium phosphate can be separated by dissolution, filtration, and evaporation crystallization.

[0148] S5. Mix the residue described in S2 with 15% carbon black, and place it in a high-temperature furnace at 700°C for 2 hours to reduce it and obtain the reduction product.

[0149] S6. Dissolve the reduction product in an appropriate amount of deionized water, filter to remove insoluble matter, and obtain filtrate.

[0150] S7. Evaporate the filtrate at 80°C to crystallize it, cool it naturally, precipitate, filter, wash, and dry to obtain high-purity lithium carbonate.

[0151] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made under the concept of the present invention using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste lithium-ion battery resource recycling and processing equipment, characterized in that, include: support; A discharge mechanism, comprising a housing, an isolation plate, a first driving member, and a conveying assembly, wherein the housing is fixed on the support, the isolation plate is fixed inside the housing, the first driving member is fixed on the housing, and the conveying assembly is connected to the driving part of the first driving member. The conveying assembly, in conjunction with the isolation plate, divides the housing into a first discharge chamber and a second discharge chamber. A material bin is fixedly mounted on the support, and a drain pipe is fixedly connected to the box body and the material bin. A sliding hole is provided on the drain pipe. The feeding mechanism includes a mounting frame, a belt drive component, multiple partition plates, and a second drive component. The mounting frame is fixed on the drain pipe. The belt drive component passes through the material box and is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame. The multiple partition plates are arranged around the belt drive component. When the partition plates rotate, they are inserted into the drain pipe. The second drive component is fixed on the mounting frame, and the driving part of the second drive component is fixed to the rotating part of the belt drive component. A voltage measuring device is installed on the top of the housing. The measuring end of the voltage measuring device is provided with two conductive plates. The two conductive plates are symmetrically installed inside the drain tube. The conductive plates are elastically installed to the inner wall of the drain tube through an elastic support. A switching mechanism is installed between the drainage tube and the housing, and the switching mechanism is used to switch the output direction of the drainage tube; The first discharge chamber is filled with discharge liquid one, and the second discharge chamber is filled with discharge liquid two. The liquid levels of discharge liquid one and discharge liquid two are both located below the discharge port.

2. The waste lithium-ion battery resource recycling and processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying assembly includes two rollers, a conveyor belt, and two rows of pushers. The two rollers are rotatably mounted inside the housing. One of the rollers is fixedly connected to the drive unit of the first drive component. The conveyor belt drives the two rollers. The conveyor belt slides and seals with the housing and the partition plate respectively. The two rows of pushers are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the partition plate. The pushers are mounted around the conveyor belt. The pusher has a mesh structure and is inclined on the conveyor belt. When the pusher rotates to the discharge port, the waste batteries on the pusher are automatically discharged from the discharge port.

3. The waste lithium-ion battery resource recycling and processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage tube has a sliding hole. The switching mechanism includes a telescopic component, a connecting slide, and a guide plate. The two ends of the telescopic component are fixedly connected to the housing and the connecting slide. The connecting slide passes through the sliding hole and is fixedly connected to the guide plate. The guide plate is slidably installed at the outlet of the drainage tube.

4. The waste lithium-ion battery resource recycling and processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, A transparent monitoring plate is integrated on the drainage tube, and two friction plates are fixed inside the drainage tube. The two friction plates are symmetrically arranged on the rotation path of the spacer plate. The waste lithium-ion battery recycling and processing equipment also includes a visual inspection device, which is fixed on the drain pipe and has its detection range facing the monitoring board. When the waste batteries are conveyed downward through the spacer, they rotate adaptively under the resistance of the friction plate, and the visual inspection device performs visual inspection on the rotating waste batteries.

5. The waste lithium-ion battery resource recycling and processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism includes a mounting frame, a belt drive component, multiple partition plates, and a first gear. The mounting frame is fixed on the drain pipe. The belt drive component passes through the material box and is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame. The multiple partition plates are arranged around the belt drive component. When the partition plates rotate, they are inserted into the drain pipe. The first gear is fixedly connected to the rotating part of the belt drive component through a synchronous shaft. One of the rollers has a second gear fixed to its shaft end, and the second gear meshes with the first gear.

6. The waste lithium-ion battery resource recycling and processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism includes a mounting frame, a belt drive component, multiple partition plates, and a first gear. The mounting frame is fixed on the drain pipe. The belt drive component passes through the material box and is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame. The multiple partition plates are arranged around the belt drive component. When the partition plates rotate, they are inserted into the drain pipe. The first gear is fixedly connected to the rotating part of the belt drive component through a synchronous shaft. One of the rollers has a second gear fixed to its shaft end, and the second gear meshes with the first gear.

7. The waste lithium-ion battery resource recycling and processing equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bottom of the box is provided with a grid. The waste lithium-ion battery resource recycling and processing equipment also includes a circulation box. The bottom of the circulation box is fixedly connected to the bottom of the box. The circulation box is sleeved on the bottom of the grid and is interconnected with it. The circulation box is provided with a return pipe. There are two grids, corresponding to the first discharge chamber and the second discharge chamber respectively, and the circulation box is configured in a one-to-one correspondence with the grids; The pusher makes sliding contact with the inner wall of the box.

8. The waste lithium-ion battery resource recycling and processing equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The circulation box is equipped with a filter plate inside, and the inlet end of the return pipe is located below the filter plate.

9. A method for the resource recycling of waste lithium-ion batteries, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1, pretreatment: the waste batteries are put into the waste lithium-ion battery resource recycling and processing equipment as described in any one of claims 1-8 for preliminary discharge, and after discharge, they are crushed and sorted to obtain black material; Step S2: Washing, adding deionized water to the black substance, stirring, filtering, to obtain a lithium-containing solution and residue; Step S3: Evaporation treatment, the lithium-containing solution is evaporated and dried to obtain a solid product; Step S4, heat recovery, involves heat treatment of the solid product to obtain a mixture of lithium fluoride and lithium phosphate; the mixture of lithium fluoride and lithium phosphate can be separated by dissolution, filtration, and evaporation crystallization. Step S5, reduction treatment: The residue and reducing agent described in step S2 are mixed and placed in a high-temperature furnace for reduction to obtain the reduction product; Step S6, Dissolve: Dissolve the reduction product with an appropriate amount of deionized water, filter to remove insoluble matter, and obtain filtrate; Step S7: Purification. The filtrate is evaporated and crystallized, then cooled, precipitated, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain high-purity lithium carbonate.

10. A method for resource recovery of waste lithium-ion batteries according to claim 9, characterized in that, The reducing agent is anthracite.

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