A waveguide polarization adjustment device for KU band transceiver channel

Abstract

This invention discloses a waveguide polarization adjustment device for a Ku-band transceiver channel, comprising a polarization adjustment rotor capable of adjusting the waveguide polarization angle of the Ku-band transceiver channel; a common waveguide with the polarization adjustment rotor rotatably mounted inside; a drive mechanism capable of driving the polarization adjustment rotor to rotate; and a positioning component capable of detecting and positioning the rotation angle of the polarization adjustment rotor. The polarization adjustment rotor includes a cylindrical waveguide channel, a first annular groove, a polarizing plate, and a second annular groove. The first annular groove is formed at one end of the polarization adjustment rotor, and the second annular groove is formed at the other end. A cylindrical waveguide channel is hollow inside the polarization adjustment rotor, and a polarizing plate is centrally mounted within the cylindrical waveguide channel. By continuously rotating the polarization adjustment rotor 360 degrees within the common waveguide channel, the polarizing plate inside the cylindrical waveguide channel deflects synchronously, achieving precise fine-tuning of the electromagnetic wave polarization angle arbitrarily from 0° to 360°.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waveguide polarization adjustment technology, specifically to a waveguide polarization adjustment device for a KU-band transceiver channel. Background Technology

[0002] The existing waveguide polarization adjustment structures used in Ku-band transceiver channels are limited by structural design and cavity configuration, and generally suffer from several substantial technical defects, such as poor polarization adjustment adaptability, degraded electrical transmission performance, low structural integration, and insufficient automated adjustment capability. These defects make it difficult to meet the actual operating conditions of high-precision, high-isolation, and miniaturized applications of satellite mobile communication, mobile telemetry and control, and high-frequency polarization multiplexed transceiver channels.

[0003] Firstly, most existing traditional polarization adjustment structures employ a fixed rectangular waveguide polarization configuration or an overall rectangular waveguide rotation adjustment structure. For example, patent CN206098620U discloses a single-channel waveguide rotary joint, comprising a first rectangular waveguide, a circular waveguide, a second rectangular waveguide, and a flange. The left end of the first rectangular waveguide is fixedly mounted on the flange, and the right end of the first rectangular waveguide has a first threaded connection portion facing upwards, connecting the first rectangular waveguide to the circular waveguide. The lower end of the second rectangular waveguide has a second threaded connection portion, connecting the second rectangular waveguide to the circular waveguide. The second rectangular waveguide and the circular waveguide are coaxially aligned, and the second rectangular waveguide is perpendicular to the first rectangular waveguide. This patent's single-channel waveguide rotary joint uses a rectangular-circular-rectangular waveguide structure, combined with a threaded connection, forming a novel "L"-shaped waveguide rotary joint. This effectively shortens the propagation path of electromagnetic waves in the waveguide channel, improves impedance matching, and reduces signal power loss.

[0004] The structure features rectangular waveguides at both ends and a short circular waveguide in the middle for transition. While the entire structure can rotate, it is limited by the flange structure, preventing continuous and smooth 360° rotation adjustment of the polarization adjustment component. It can only achieve fixed polarization angle adaptation or simple manual angle fine-tuning. It cannot perform real-time, dynamic, and continuous calibration and adjustment of the polarization angle of the Ku-band transceiver channel based on actual operating conditions such as carrier attitude deflection, spatial polarization fading, and polarization offset of the transceiver antenna. The polarization matching accuracy is low, which easily leads to transceiver polarization mismatch, directly resulting in increased channel transmission insertion loss, decreased receiver signal-to-noise ratio, and failure to meet transceiver isolation standards, seriously affecting the overall communication transmission stability. To address these issues, we propose a waveguide polarization adjustment device for Ku-band transceiver channels. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a waveguide polarization adjustment device for a KU-band transceiver channel to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a waveguide polarization adjustment device for a KU-band transceiver channel, comprising a polarization adjustment rotor, which is capable of adjusting the waveguide polarization angle of the KU-band transceiver channel; A common waveguide with a rotating polarization adjustment rotor installed inside; A drive mechanism that can drive the polarization-adjustable rotor to rotate; The positioning component is capable of detecting and positioning the rotation angle of the polarization-adjustable rotor; The polarization adjustment rotor includes a cylindrical waveguide channel, a first annular groove, a polarizing plate, and a second annular groove. The first annular groove is opened at one end of the polarization adjustment rotor, and the second annular groove is opened at the other end. The cylindrical waveguide channel is hollow inside the polarization adjustment rotor, and a polarizing plate is installed in the center of the cylindrical waveguide channel.

[0007] Preferably, the polarization plate is mounted at a 45-degree angle in the center of the cylindrical waveguide channel.

[0008] Preferably, the axes of the polarization adjustment rotor, the cylindrical waveguide channel, the first annular groove, and the second annular groove are arranged to coincide.

[0009] Preferably, one end of a connecting pipe is fixedly connected to both ends of the common waveguide, and the other end of the connecting pipe is fixedly connected to a mounting flange. A transceiver waveguide body is fixedly installed on one of the mounting flanges.

[0010] Preferably, the transceiver waveguide body is used for transmitting and receiving KU-band channel waveguides.

[0011] Preferably, the common waveguide has connection ports at both ends, which are channels for communicating with connecting pipes. Bearings are fixedly installed on the inner sidewalls of the common waveguide at the connection ports, and the bearings are used for the rotational installation of the polarization adjustment rotor.

[0012] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a motor, a drive gear, and an external gear ring. The motor provides power for driving the polarization adjustment rotor to rotate and is fixedly installed outside the common waveguide. The output shaft of the motor rotates into the common waveguide and is fixedly sleeved with the drive gear. The drive gear meshes with the external gear ring, which is located in the first ring groove.

[0013] Preferably, the positioning component includes a reflective photoelectric sensor, a connecting line, and a code disk. The code disk is fixedly installed in the second annular groove and is used to polarize and adjust the rotation angle marking of the rotor. The reflective photoelectric sensor is used to collect the angular displacement information of the code disk, and the reflective photoelectric sensor outputs a detection signal to the outside through the connecting line.

[0014] Preferably, the code disk has a ring structure, and its end face is provided with reflective marks at uniform intervals along the circumference, which can be used in conjunction with a reflective photoelectric sensor to identify the angle of each rotation.

[0015] Preferably, the common waveguide is a hollow cylindrical structure that provides concentric and equally spaced accommodating space for the polarization adjustment rotor.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By rotating the polarization adjustment rotor continuously and infinitely within the common waveguide at 360 degrees, the polarization plate inside the cylindrical waveguide channel is driven to deflect synchronously, achieving arbitrary and precise fine-tuning of the electromagnetic wave polarization angle from 0° to 360°. This compensates for polarization offset caused by carrier attitude tilt, installation deviation, and spatial Faraday rotation, ensuring that the transceiver channel always maintains optimal polarization matching. Relying on the electromagnetic disturbance effect of the built-in single 45° polarization plate, the polarization vector deflection of Ku-band incident microwaves is achieved, enabling flexible switching between horizontal polarization, vertical polarization, and 45° oblique polarization, and compatibility with various polarization systems such as satellite communication and mobile communication. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the common waveguide in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the polarization-adjusting rotor structure in this invention; Figure 5 This is a top view of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point AA.

[0018] In the figure: polarization adjustment rotor 100, cylindrical waveguide channel 110, first annular groove 120, polarization plate 130, second annular groove 140, common waveguide 200, connecting pipe 210, mounting flange 220, bearing 230, drive mechanism 300, motor 310, drive gear 320, external gear ring 330, positioning assembly 400, reflective photoelectric sensor 410, connecting line 420, code disk 430, transceiver waveguide body 500. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 This invention provides a waveguide polarization adjustment device for a Ku-band transceiver channel, including a polarization adjustment rotor 100, which can adjust the waveguide polarization angle of the Ku-band transceiver channel. This solves the polarization mismatch problem caused by equipment attitude and installation deviation during the operation of the transceiver channel. Rotating the polarization adjustment rotor 100 can drive the polarization plate 130, which is set at a 45-degree angle, to rotate synchronously. This allows for real-time fine adjustment of the electromagnetic wave polarization angle, ensuring that the polarization of the transmitted and received signals always maintains an orthogonal optimal matching state. This significantly improves the transmission and reception isolation, avoids crosstalk between transmitted and received signals, and ensures stable Ku-band signal transmission and reception gain and meets the signal-to-noise ratio requirements. The common waveguide 200 has a hollow cylindrical interior that provides concentric and equally spaced space for the polarization adjustment rotor 100, ensuring that the polarization adjustment rotor 100 can rotate stably and that the gaps are uniform throughout, thus avoiding affecting the electromagnetic wave transmission performance.

[0021] The drive mechanism 300 drives the polarization adjustment rotor 100 to rotate. The rotor 100 is driven by a motor 310 in conjunction with a gear transmission structure, enabling smooth rotation within the common waveguide 200. This transmission structure employs gear meshing, providing high transmission accuracy and fast response, meeting the real-time requirements of polarization adjustment. Simultaneously, the gear pair design ensures stable power transmission, preventing jamming or slippage during rotation and ensuring the polarization adjustment rotor 100 can achieve continuous and smooth 360° rotation, providing reliable power support for precise polarization angle adjustment.

[0022] The positioning component 400 can detect and position the rotation angle of the polarization adjustment rotor 100. The positioning component 400 collects the angular displacement information of the code disk 430 fixed in the second annular groove 140 through the reflective photoelectric sensor 410. The reflective marks evenly distributed around the end face of the code disk 430 cooperate with the sensor to identify the rotation angle of the rotor in real time. The detection signal is then output to the control system through the connecting line 420 to form a closed-loop feedback, thereby achieving precise control of the polarization adjustment angle and ensuring the accuracy and stability of polarization adjustment.

[0023] The polarization adjustment rotor 100 includes a cylindrical waveguide channel 110, a first annular groove 120, a polarizing plate 130, and a second annular groove 140. The first annular groove 120 is provided at one end of the polarization adjustment rotor 100, providing installation and transmission space for the drive gear 320 and external gear ring 330 of the drive mechanism 300. The second annular groove 140 is provided at the other end, providing installation and transmission space for the code disk 430 of the positioning assembly 400 and the probe portion of the reflective photoelectric sensor 410. The polarization adjustment rotor 100 has a hollow interior with a cylindrical waveguide channel 110. The interior of the cylindrical waveguide channel 110 is smoothly arranged and serves as a shared transmission channel for the transmitting and receiving channels. A polarization plate 130 is centrally installed within the cylindrical waveguide channel 110. The smooth inner wall of the cylindrical waveguide channel 110, combined with the centrally located single polarization plate, avoids impedance abrupt changes caused by multiple plates. It constrains the electromagnetic wave transmission mode within the waveguide, suppresses higher-order spurious modes, reduces insertion loss, improves the standing wave ratio, reduces microwave leakage, and ensures low-loss transmission of Ku-band high-frequency signals. The polarization adjustment rotor 100 uses a single cylindrical waveguide channel 110 to simultaneously perform polarization modulation on both the transmitting and receiving channels, achieving synchronous adjustment and calibration of the transmitting and receiving polarization angles. This solves the problems of asynchronous adjustment and large crosstalk between transmitting and receiving channels in existing separate adjustments, and improves the isolation between transmitting and receiving channels.

[0024] Reference Figure 6 As shown, specifically, the polarizer 130 is centrally mounted at a 45-degree angle within the cylindrical waveguide channel 110. Only the cylindrical waveguide channel 110 with its cylindrical cavity structure can ensure uniform circumferential gaps, no jamming, and no microwave leakage when the polarization adjustment rotor 100 rotates. The polarizer is designed based on the high-frequency microwave transmission characteristics of the Ku-band and has exclusive impedance matching characteristics. It can constrain the electromagnetic wave transmission mode within the waveguide cavity, suppress the generation of higher-order spurious microwave modes, reduce signal leakage and transmission loss during polarization adjustment, and optimize the VSWR index to ensure that the polarization adjustment action does not affect the overall microwave transmission performance of the transceiver channel. Relying on the electromagnetic disturbance effect of the built-in single 45° polarizer, the polarization vector of the Ku-band incident microwave is deflected. The basic horizontal and vertical polarized electromagnetic waves can be polarized and synthesized to achieve 45° oblique polarization switching of linear polarization. This meets the special working conditions of antenna oblique polarization docking in scenarios such as mobile communication and satellite communication. At the same time, the 45° The polarization transition structure is compatible with transceivers of different polarization standards, improving the versatility and adaptability of the entire polarization adjustment device.

[0025] Reference Figure 4As shown, specifically, the axes of the polarization adjustment rotor 100, the cylindrical waveguide channel 110, the first annular groove 120, and the second annular groove 140 are arranged to coincide. The coaxial arrangement ensures that the cylindrical waveguide channel 110 remains concentric and aligned during the rotation of the polarization adjustment rotor 100, avoiding uneven transmission impedance and increased insertion loss caused by axis offset, and ensuring stable electrical transmission performance throughout the adjustment process.

[0026] Reference Figure 3 , 6 As shown, specifically, the two ends of the common waveguide 200 are respectively fixedly connected to one end of the connecting pipe 210, and the other end of the connecting pipe 210 is respectively fixedly connected to the mounting flange 220. The transceiver waveguide body 500 is fixedly installed on one of the mounting flanges 220. The overall structure can be quickly connected and installed through the mounting flange 220 to adapt to different channel installation conditions.

[0027] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the transceiver waveguide body 500 is used for transmitting and receiving KU-band channel waveguides. It is equipped with a transmit port, a receive port, and a common terminal. The transmit port is used to connect to the transmitter waveguide; the receive port is used to connect to the receiver waveguide; and the common terminal is used to connect to the antenna feed.

[0028] Reference Figure 6 As shown, the common waveguide 200 is further provided with connection ports 240 at both ends. The connection ports 240 are channels for communicating with the connecting pipe 210. Bearings 230 are fixedly installed on the inner sidewall of the common waveguide 200 at the connection ports 240. The bearings 230 are used for the rotational installation of the polarization adjustment rotor 100 to ensure that the polarization adjustment rotor can rotate smoothly and stably and avoid shaking and jamming during rotation.

[0029] Reference Figure 2 , 3As shown, specifically, the drive mechanism 300 includes a motor 310, a drive gear 320, and an external gear ring 330. The motor 310 provides power for rotating the polarization adjustment rotor 100. The motor 310 is fixedly installed outside the common waveguide 200. The output shaft of the motor 310 rotates into the common waveguide 200 and is located in the first annular groove 120 of the polarization adjustment rotor 100. The output shaft of the motor 310 does not penetrate into the cylindrical waveguide channel 110 opened in the polarization adjustment rotor 100. Electromagnetic waves are transmitted only in the cylindrical waveguide channel 110. The first annular grooves are opened at both ends of the polarization adjustment rotor 100. The first annular groove 120 and the second annular groove 140 have no electromagnetic wave distribution. They only cooperate with the inner wall of the common waveguide 200 to form a mechanical installation cavity. The through hole of the output shaft of the motor 310 is opened on the top wall of the common waveguide 200. The through hole position is not connected to the electromagnetic wave transmission area. Therefore, there is no need to set a dynamic seal and electromagnetic shielding seal structure between the output shaft and the opening of the common waveguide 200. The gap formed by the output shaft passing through will not cause electromagnetic wave leakage. The output shaft of the motor 310 is fixedly sleeved with a drive gear 320. The drive gear 320 meshes with the outer gear ring 330. The outer gear ring 330 is located in the first annular groove 120.

[0030] The motor 310 drives the drive gear 320 to rotate. The drive gear 320 meshes with the external gear ring 330 fixed in the first annular groove 120 of the polarization adjustment rotor 100, transmitting the power of the motor 310 to the polarization adjustment rotor 100, enabling its smooth rotation within the common waveguide 200. This transmission structure uses a gear meshing method, which has high transmission accuracy and fast response speed, meeting the real-time requirements of polarization adjustment. At the same time, the design of the gear pair ensures the stability of power transmission, avoiding jamming or slippage during rotation, ensuring that the polarization adjustment rotor 100 can achieve 360° continuous and smooth rotation, providing reliable power support for precise adjustment of the polarization angle, realizing automated drive adjustment without manual adjustment, and meeting the needs of real-time dynamic adjustment.

[0031] Reference Figure 2 , 3 As shown, specifically, the positioning component 400 includes a reflective photoelectric sensor 410, a connecting line 420, and an encoder 430. The encoder 430 is fixedly installed in the second annular groove 140 and is used to mark the rotation angle of the polarization adjustment rotor 100. The reflective photoelectric sensor 410 is used to collect the angular displacement information of the encoder 430. The reflective photoelectric sensor 410 outputs a detection signal to the outside through the connecting line 420. The rotation angle of the polarization adjustment rotor 100 is accurately controlled by the detected angular displacement information.

[0032] Reference Figure 3 , 4As shown, the code disk 430 is a ring structure with reflective marks evenly spaced along its end face in the circumference. It can work with the reflective photoelectric sensor 410 to identify the angle of each rotation, ensuring the accuracy of angle detection and thus improving the precision of polarization adjustment.

[0033] The positioning component 400 collects the angular displacement information of the code disk 430 fixed in the second annular groove 140 through a reflective photoelectric sensor 410. The reflective marks evenly distributed circumferentially on the end face of the code disk 430 cooperate with the sensor to identify the rotation angle of the rotor in real time. The detection signal is then output to the control system through the connecting line 420 to form a closed-loop feedback, realizing precise control of the polarization adjustment angle and ensuring the accuracy and stability of polarization adjustment. The entire device has a compact structure and high integration. Through the coordinated work of the drive mechanism 300 and the positioning component 400, it effectively solves the problems of poor adaptability and low adjustment accuracy of traditional polarization adjustment devices, meets the high precision and automation requirements of Ku-band transceiver channels for polarization adjustment, and thus achieves accurate calibration of the polarization angle, meeting the needs of unattended operation, automated maintenance, and dynamic polarization calibration of mobile communication equipment.

[0034] Reference Figure 2 , 3 As shown, specifically, the common waveguide 200 is a hollow cylindrical structure that provides concentric and equally spaced accommodation space for the polarization adjustment rotor 100, ensuring that the polarization adjustment rotor 100 can rotate stably, while ensuring that the gaps are uniform throughout to avoid affecting the electromagnetic wave transmission performance.

[0035] In use, when the polarization angle needs to be adjusted according to actual working conditions to optimize communication performance, the operator starts the motor 310 of the drive mechanism 300. This motor is a high-precision servo motor with an angle control accuracy of 0.1°. It uses PWM pulse width modulation technology to achieve smooth speed adjustment, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the polarization adjustment process. After the motor 310 starts running, it drives the drive gear 320 to rotate precisely. The drive gear 320 drives the external gear ring 330 through meshing transmission. The gear pair is precision ground, achieving a transmission accuracy of ±0.05° and high transmission efficiency. With a power efficiency exceeding 98%, the power transmission is highly efficient and accurate, driving the entire polarization adjustment rotor 100 to rotate within the common waveguide 200. The polarization adjustment rotor 100 is stably supported by two bearings 230. These bearings 230 are high-precision angular contact ball bearings with a preload structure to eliminate axial clearance and a lifetime lubrication design. Under normal operating conditions, the maintenance cycle can reach 50,000 hours, ensuring smooth 360° continuous rotation within the waveguide and preventing misalignment or jamming. During rotation, the key component of the positioning assembly 400—the reflective photoelectric sensor—is activated. Sensor 410 works in conjunction with a preset reflective mark on the code disk 430. The reflective photoelectric sensor employs an integrated infrared transmitter and receiver design with a response time of less than 1ms. The code disk uses a 2048-line high-precision etching process, achieving an angular resolution of 0.176°. It detects and acquires the precise rotation angle of the polarization adjustment rotor 100 in real time. The acquired angle data is transmitted as an electrical signal via connection line 420 using the RS485 industrial bus protocol and output to the PLC-based control system. This system uses a PID closed-loop control algorithm with a control cycle of 10ms. By achieving precise monitoring and feedback adjustment of the rotation angle through this closed-loop control mechanism, the system can gradually adjust until the polarizer 130 is aligned with the target angle, with an angle control accuracy of ±0.1°. This completes real-time dynamic calibration and adjustment, ensuring that the polarization state of the transmitting and receiving channels always maintains optimal matching, effectively reducing insertion loss during signal transmission. Typical insertion loss can be controlled within 0.5dB, while improving the receiving signal-to-noise ratio by 3-5dB and improving the transmitting and receiving isolation to over 40dB, ultimately ensuring the high stability and reliability of the entire communication transmission system.

[0036] It should be noted that the above-mentioned electrical and mechanical components are all existing technology products. They are selected, installed and debugged by those skilled in the art according to the needs of use to ensure that all electrical appliances can work normally. The components are all general standard parts or components known to those skilled in the art. Their structure and principle can be known by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or conventional experimental methods. The applicant does not impose specific restrictions here, so it will not be described in detail.

[0037] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A waveguide polarization adjustment device for a Ku-band transceiver channel, characterized in that, include: The polarization adjustment rotor (100) is capable of adjusting the waveguide polarization angle of the Ku-band transceiver channel; A common waveguide (200) with a polarization adjustment rotor (100) rotatably mounted inside it. A drive mechanism (300) is capable of driving the polarization-adjusting rotor (100) to rotate; Positioning component (400) is capable of detecting and positioning the rotation angle of polarization adjustment rotor (100); The polarization adjustment rotor (100) includes a cylindrical waveguide channel (110), a first annular groove (120), a polarizing plate (130), and a second annular groove (140). The first annular groove (120) is provided at one end of the polarization adjustment rotor (100), and the second annular groove (140) is provided at the other end. The cylindrical waveguide channel (110) is hollow inside the polarization adjustment rotor (100), and a polarizing plate (130) is installed in the center of the cylindrical waveguide channel (110).

2. The waveguide polarization adjustment device for a Ku-band transceiver channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polarizer (130) is mounted at a 45-degree angle in the center of the cylindrical waveguide channel (110).

3. The waveguide polarization adjustment device for a Ku-band transceiver channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axes of the polarization adjustment rotor (100), the cylindrical waveguide channel (110), the first annular groove (120), and the second annular groove (140) are arranged to coincide.

4. The waveguide polarization adjustment device for a Ku-band transceiver channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the common waveguide (200) are respectively fixedly connected to one end of the connecting pipe (210), and the other end of the connecting pipe (210) is respectively fixedly connected to the mounting flange (220). A transceiver waveguide body (500) is fixedly installed on one of the mounting flanges (220).

5. A waveguide polarization adjustment device for a Ku-band transceiver channel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transceiver waveguide body (500) is used for transmitting and receiving Ku-band channel waveguides.

6. A waveguide polarization adjustment device for a Ku-band transceiver channel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The common waveguide (200) has connection ports (240) at both ends. The connection ports (240) are channels for communicating with the connecting pipe (210). Bearings (230) are fixedly installed on the inner sidewall of the common waveguide (200) at the connection ports (240). The bearings (230) are used for the rotational installation of the polarization adjustment rotor (100).

7. The waveguide polarization adjustment device for a Ku-band transceiver channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive mechanism (300) includes a motor (310), a drive gear (320), and an external gear ring (330). The motor (310) provides power for driving the polarization adjustment rotor (100) to rotate. It is fixedly installed outside the common waveguide (200). The output shaft of the motor (310) rotates into the common waveguide (200) and is fixedly sleeved with the drive gear (320). The drive gear (320) meshes with the external gear ring (330), which is located in the first ring groove (120).

8. A waveguide polarization adjustment device for a Ku-band transceiver channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning component (400) includes a reflective photoelectric sensor (410), a connecting line (420), and a code disk (430). The code disk (430) is fixedly installed in the second annular groove (140) and is used to mark the rotation angle of the polarization adjustment rotor (100). The reflective photoelectric sensor (410) is used to collect the angular displacement information of the code disk (430). The reflective photoelectric sensor (410) outputs a detection signal to the outside through the connecting line (420).

9. A waveguide polarization adjustment device for a Ku-band transceiver channel according to claim 8, characterized in that: The code disk (430) has a ring structure, and its end face is evenly spaced with reflective marks along the circumference, which can be used in conjunction with the reflective photoelectric sensor (410) to identify the angle of each rotation.

10. A waveguide polarization adjustment device for a Ku-band transceiver channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The common waveguide (200) is a hollow cylindrical structure that provides a concentric, equally spaced accommodating space for the polarization adjustment rotor (100).

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