Display substrate, preparation method thereof and display device

Abstract

This disclosure provides a display substrate and its fabrication method, as well as a display device, relating to the field of display technology. The aim is to improve the display effect of the display substrate and provide a more comfortable visual experience. The display substrate includes a substrate, a light-emitting device, and an optical modulation layer. The light-emitting device is located on one side of the substrate. The optical modulation layer is located on the side of the light-emitting device away from the substrate, and is configured to cause light emitted by the light-emitting device to form light spots. One light-emitting device corresponds to multiple light spots, including multiple first light spots. In a projected image onto the substrate, the centers of the multiple first light spots surround the center of the light-emitting device. The above-described display substrate is used to display images.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display substrate, a method for preparing the same, and a display device. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of display technology, display devices have gradually become ubiquitous in people's lives. Among them, Mini LED and Micro LED are widely used in display devices such as mobile phones, televisions, and laptops due to their many advantages, including self-illumination, high efficiency, high brightness, high reliability, energy saving, and fast response speed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the embodiments disclosed herein is to provide a display substrate and its preparation method, as well as a display device, for improving the display effect of the display substrate and providing a more comfortable visual experience.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this disclosure provide the following technical solutions:

[0005] On one hand, a display substrate is provided, comprising a substrate, a light-emitting device, and an optical modulation layer. The light-emitting device is located on one side of the substrate. The optical modulation layer is located on the side of the light-emitting device away from the substrate, and is configured to cause light emitted by the light-emitting device to form light spots through the optical modulation layer. One light-emitting device corresponds to multiple light spots, and the multiple light spots include multiple first light spots. In a normal projection onto the substrate, the centers of the multiple first light spots surround the center of the light-emitting device.

[0006] The aforementioned display substrate includes an optical modulation layer, which is configured to form light spots from the light beam emitted by the light-emitting device. Each light-emitting device corresponds to multiple light spots. In other words, the optical modulation layer can homogenize the light beam emitted by the light-emitting device into multiple light spots. On the one hand, it can ensure the brightness of the light-emitting device in the display substrate while making the brightness at the position of maximum light intensity in the first light spot less than the brightness at the position of maximum light intensity of the light-emitting device in the display substrate when the display substrate does not include the optical modulation layer. This can reduce the brightness difference between bright and dark areas in the pixel unit, thereby reducing or eliminating the problem of eye discomfort caused by the large difference between bright and dark areas (i.e., glare) observed by the human eye when viewing the display substrate. This improves the display effect of the display substrate and provides a more comfortable visual experience.

[0007] On the other hand, the brightness at the position with the maximum light intensity within the first light spot (e.g., the center of the first light spot) is relatively small, which helps to reduce the difference between the brightness at the position with the maximum light intensity within the first light spot and the brightness at the position with the minimum light intensity within the first light spot (e.g., the edge of the first light spot). This further helps to reduce or eliminate the problem of eye discomfort caused by the large difference between brightness and darkness (i.e., glare) observed by the human eye when viewing the display substrate, and further improves the display effect and visual comfort of the display substrate.

[0008] In some embodiments, one light-emitting device corresponds to at least one light spot group. In the case where one light-emitting device corresponds to multiple light spot groups, the multiple light spot groups are arranged along a first direction. Each light spot group includes at least multiple first light spots arranged along a second direction, the first and second directions intersecting, and the first and second directions being parallel to the substrate.

[0009] In some embodiments, two adjacent light spots within a light spot group overlap in the thickness direction of the substrate.

[0010] In some embodiments, the distance between the centers of any two adjacent light spots within a light spot group is equal.

[0011] In some embodiments, the plurality of light spots further includes a second light spot, with the first light spot located around the second light spot. The ratio between the brightness at the location of maximum light intensity of the first light spot and the brightness at the location of maximum light intensity of the second light spot is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 1.5.

[0012] In some embodiments, the plurality of light spots further includes a second light spot, with the first light spot located around the second light spot. Each light-emitting device corresponds to only one light spot group, which includes one second light spot and two first light spots, the two first light spots located on opposite sides of the second light spot along a second direction.

[0013] In some embodiments, one light-emitting device corresponds to multiple light spot groups.

[0014] In some embodiments, two adjacent light spot groups overlap in the thickness direction of the substrate.

[0015] In some embodiments, along the first direction, the distance between the centers of the light spots in any two adjacent light spot groups is equal.

[0016] In some embodiments, a light-emitting device corresponds to three light spot groups, and each light spot group includes three light spots. The middle light spot group within the three light spot groups includes one second light spot and two first light spots, with the two first light spots located on opposite sides of the second light spot along a second direction. The two light spot groups on either side of the three light spot groups each include three first light spots, and the three first light spots are arranged along the second direction.

[0017] In some embodiments, the plurality of light spots further includes a second light spot, with the first light spot located around the second light spot. The second light spot and the light-emitting device overlap in the thickness direction of the substrate.

[0018] In some embodiments, the display substrate further includes a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array, each pixel unit including a plurality of light-emitting devices, the plurality of light-emitting devices including a first color light-emitting device, a second color light-emitting device, and a third color light-emitting device. The optical modulation layer simultaneously covers the first color light-emitting device, the second color light-emitting device, and the third color light-emitting device.

[0019] In some embodiments, a first-color light-emitting device generates a first-color light spot, a second-color light-emitting device generates a second-color light spot, and a third-color light-emitting device generates a third-color light spot. The first-color light-emitting device and the second-color light-emitting device are arranged adjacent to each other, and the first-color light spot and the second-color light spot overlap within the same pixel unit. Similarly, the second-color light-emitting device and the third-color light-emitting device are arranged adjacent to each other, and the second-color light spot and the third-color light spot overlap within the same pixel unit.

[0020] In some embodiments, the first color light-emitting device, the second color light-emitting device, and the third color light-emitting device are arranged adjacent to each other in the same direction. The first color light spot, the second color light spot, and the third color light spot within the same pixel unit overlap each other.

[0021] In some embodiments, the display substrate further includes a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array, each pixel unit including a plurality of light-emitting devices. The light spots corresponding to the light-emitting devices in adjacent pixel units do not overlap.

[0022] In some embodiments, the optical modulation layer includes a first grating structure, which includes a one-dimensional periodic grating.

[0023] In some embodiments, the optical modulation layer includes at least two sub-optical modulation layers stacked together. Two of the at least two sub-optical modulation layers each include a first grating structure, which is a one-dimensional periodic grating. The periodic arrangement direction of the first grating structure corresponding to one sub-optical modulation layer is a first direction, and the periodic arrangement direction of the first grating structure corresponding to the other sub-optical modulation layer is a second direction. The first and second directions intersect and are parallel to the substrate.

[0024] In some embodiments, a light-emitting device corresponds to multiple light spot groups. The distance between the centers of adjacent light spots in two adjacent light spot groups in a first direction is different from the distance between the centers of two adjacent light spots in each light spot group in a second direction.

[0025] In some embodiments, the optical modulation layer includes a second grating structure, which includes a two-dimensional periodic grating.

[0026] In some embodiments, the first grating structure includes a first material layer and a second material layer stacked along a direction away from the substrate. The first material layer includes a plurality of first grooves extending along a first direction or a second direction, the plurality of first grooves being periodically arranged, the first direction and the second direction intersecting, and the first direction and the second direction being parallel to the substrate. The second material layer is at least partially located within the first grooves.

[0027] In some embodiments, the second grating structure includes a first material layer and a second material layer stacked along a direction away from the substrate. The first material layer includes a plurality of second grooves arranged in an array, the second grooves being periodically spaced from each other. The second material layer is at least partially located within the second grooves.

[0028] In some embodiments, the first material layer includes a first continuous sublayer located between the first groove and the substrate, the first continuous sublayer being continuously distributed. And / or, the second material layer includes a second continuous sublayer located on the side of the first groove away from the substrate, the second continuous sublayer being continuously distributed.

[0029] In some embodiments, each first grating structure includes a first material layer and a second material layer stacked along a direction away from the substrate. The first material layer includes a plurality of first grooves extending along a first direction or a second direction, the plurality of first grooves being periodically arranged. The second material layer is at least partially located within the first grooves. The second material layer of the sub-optical modulation layer near the substrate and the first material layer of the adjacent sub-optical modulation layer away from the substrate are in direct contact.

[0030] In some embodiments, each first grating structure includes a first material layer and a second material layer stacked along a direction away from the substrate. The first material layer includes a plurality of first grooves extending along a first or second direction, the plurality of first grooves being periodically arranged. The second material layer is at least partially located within the first grooves. The optical modulation layer also includes a spacer layer located between adjacent sub-optical modulation layers.

[0031] In some embodiments, the spacer layer includes a first spacer sublayer. The material of the first spacer sublayer includes at least one of polyethylene terephthalate and polyimide.

[0032] In some embodiments, the spacer layer further includes a second spacer sublayer located on the side of the first spacer sublayer closer to the substrate. The material of the second spacer sublayer includes at least one of epoxy resin and acrylic resin.

[0033] In some embodiments, the ratio of the distance between the centers of two adjacent first grooves to the distance between the centers of two adjacent light-emitting devices of the same color in two adjacent pixel units is greater than or equal to 1 / 10 and less than or equal to 1 / 2.

[0034] In some embodiments, along the first direction, the ratio of the distance between the centers of two adjacent first grooves to the distance between the centers of light-emitting devices of the same color in two adjacent pixel units is greater than or equal to 1 / 10 and less than or equal to 1 / 2. And / or, along the second direction, the ratio of the distance between the centers of two adjacent first grooves to the distance between the centers of light-emitting devices of the same color in two adjacent pixel units is greater than or equal to 1 / 10 and less than or equal to 1 / 2.

[0035] In some embodiments, along the first direction, the ratio of the distance between the centers of two adjacent second grooves to the distance between the centers of light-emitting devices of the same color in two adjacent pixel units is greater than or equal to 1 / 10 and less than or equal to 1 / 2. And / or, along the second direction, the ratio of the distance between the centers of two adjacent second grooves to the distance between the centers of light-emitting devices of the same color in two adjacent pixel units is greater than or equal to 1 / 10 and less than or equal to 1 / 2. Wherein, the first direction and the second direction are two array arrangement directions of the second grooves, the first direction and the second direction intersect, and the first direction and the second direction are parallel to the substrate.

[0036] In some embodiments, the distance between the centers of two adjacent first grooves is 0.6 μm-2 μm.

[0037] In some embodiments, the distance between the centers of two adjacent second grooves is 0.6 μm-2 μm along the first direction. And / or, the distance between the centers of two adjacent second grooves is 0.6 μm-2 μm along the second direction.

[0038] In some embodiments, the ratio of the distance between the surface of the light-emitting device away from the substrate and the surface of the optical modulation layer close to the substrate along the thickness direction of the substrate to the distance between the centers of light-emitting devices of the same color in two adjacent pixel units is less than or equal to 1 / 3.

[0039] In some embodiments, the display substrate further includes a first encapsulation layer. The first encapsulation layer is located between the optical modulation layer and the light-emitting device.

[0040] In some embodiments, the surface of the first encapsulation layer away from the substrate is planar.

[0041] In some embodiments, the first encapsulation layer is located between adjacent light-emitting devices and on the side of the light-emitting devices away from the substrate.

[0042] In some embodiments, the first encapsulation layer includes a light-absorbing layer.

[0043] In some embodiments, the first encapsulation layer includes a light scattering layer, which includes scattering particles.

[0044] In some embodiments, the display substrate further includes a second encapsulation layer. The second encapsulation layer is located between the optical modulation layer and the first encapsulation layer. The material of the second encapsulation layer includes at least one of polyethylene terephthalate and polyimide.

[0045] In some embodiments, the display substrate further includes a third encapsulation layer. The third encapsulation layer is located on the side of the optical modulation layer away from the substrate. The material of the third encapsulation layer includes at least one of polyethylene terephthalate and polyimide.

[0046] In some embodiments, the light-emitting device includes a sub-millimeter light-emitting diode or a micro light-emitting diode.

[0047] On the other hand, a method for fabricating a display substrate is provided. The method for fabricating the display substrate includes the following steps:

[0048] A light-emitting device is formed on one side of the substrate.

[0049] An optical modulation layer is formed.

[0050] An optical modulation layer is disposed on the side of the light-emitting device away from the substrate. The optical modulation layer is configured to cause the light emitted by the light-emitting device to form a light spot through the optical modulation layer.

[0051] In this configuration, one light-emitting device corresponds to multiple light spots, and these multiple light spots include multiple first light spots. In the orthographic projection onto the substrate, the centers of the multiple first light spots surround the center of the light-emitting device.

[0052] In some embodiments, the optical modulation layer is disposed on the side of the light-emitting device away from the substrate, including the following steps:

[0053] One side of the optical modulation layer is bonded to the adhesive layer.

[0054] The side of the adhesive layer furthest from the optical modulation layer is attached to the side of the light-emitting device furthest from the substrate.

[0055] In some embodiments, the display substrate further includes a first encapsulation layer. The first encapsulation layer is located between the optical modulation layer and the light-emitting device. The first encapsulation layer includes an adhesive layer.

[0056] In another aspect, a display device is provided. The display device includes a display substrate and a circuit board as described in any of the above embodiments. The circuit board and the display substrate are electrically connected.

[0057] The above-described method for preparing the display substrate and the display device have the same structure and beneficial technical effects as the display substrates provided in some of the above embodiments, and will not be described again here. Attached Figure Description

[0058] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in some embodiments of this disclosure will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only drawings of some embodiments of this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings. In addition, the drawings described below can be regarded as schematic diagrams and are not intended to limit the actual size of the product, the actual flow of the method, the actual timing of the signals, etc. involved in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0059] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a display device according to some embodiments;

[0060] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural view of a partial area of ​​a display device according to some embodiments;

[0061] Figure 3 This is a planar structural diagram of a display substrate according to some embodiments;

[0062] Figure 4 A cross-sectional structure of a partial region of a display substrate according to some embodiments. Figure 1 ;

[0063] Figure 5 A cross-sectional structure of a partial region of a display substrate according to some embodiments. Figure 2 ;

[0064] Figure 6 A cross-sectional structure of a partial region of a display substrate according to some embodiments. Figure 3 ;

[0065] Figure 7 This is a planar structural diagram of pixel units within a display substrate according to some embodiments;

[0066] Figure 8 This is a brightness curve diagram at different positions of the light-emitting device within a pixel unit according to some embodiments;

[0067] Figure 9A A cross-sectional structure of a partial region of a display substrate according to some embodiments. Figure 4 ;

[0068] Figure 9B A cross-sectional structure of a partial region of a display substrate according to some embodiments. Figure 5 ;

[0069] Figure 9CA cross-sectional structure of a partial region of a display substrate according to some embodiments. Figure 6 ;

[0070] Figure 10A A cross-sectional structure of a partial region of a display substrate according to some embodiments. Figure 7 ;

[0071] Figure 10B A cross-sectional structure of a partial region of a display substrate according to some embodiments. Figure 8 ;

[0072] Figure 10C Figure 9 shows a cross-sectional view of a partial area of ​​a display substrate according to some embodiments;

[0073] Figure 11A This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a partial region of a display substrate according to some embodiments.

[0074] Figure 11B Figure 11 shows a cross-sectional view of a partial area of ​​a display substrate according to some embodiments;

[0075] Figure 11C A cross-sectional structure of a partial region of a display substrate according to some embodiments. Figure 12 ;

[0076] Figure 11D A cross-sectional structure of a partial region of a display substrate according to some embodiments. Figure 13 ;

[0077] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing a light beam emitted by a light-emitting device in a display substrate according to some embodiments forming a light spot through an optical modulation layer;

[0078] Figure 13 The planar distribution of light spots corresponding to the light-emitting devices in the display substrate according to some embodiments. Figure 1 ;

[0079] Figure 14 The planar distribution of light spots corresponding to the light-emitting devices in the display substrate according to some embodiments. Figure 2 ;

[0080] Figure 15 The planar distribution of light spots corresponding to the light-emitting devices in the display substrate according to some embodiments. Figure 3 ;

[0081] Figure 16 The planar distribution of light spots corresponding to the light-emitting devices in the display substrate according to some embodiments. Figure 4 ;

[0082] Figure 17This is a schematic diagram showing the brightness distribution of the first and second light spots corresponding to the light-emitting devices in the display substrate according to some embodiments. Figure 1 ;

[0083] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram showing the brightness distribution of the first and second light spots corresponding to the light-emitting devices in the display substrate according to some embodiments. Figure 2 ;

[0084] Figure 19 This refers to the planar distribution of a first color light spot corresponding to a first color light spot corresponding to a second color light spot corresponding to a second color light spot corresponding to a third color light spot corresponding to a third color light spot within a pixel unit according to some embodiments. Figure 1 ;

[0085] Figure 20 This refers to the planar distribution of a first color light spot corresponding to a first color light spot corresponding to a second color light spot corresponding to a second color light spot corresponding to a third color light spot corresponding to a third color light spot within a pixel unit according to some embodiments. Figure 2 ;

[0086] Figure 21 This refers to the planar distribution of a first color light spot corresponding to a first color light spot corresponding to a second color light spot corresponding to a second color light spot corresponding to a third color light spot corresponding to a third color light spot within a plurality of pixel units according to some embodiments. Figure 1 ;

[0087] Figure 22 This refers to the planar distribution of a first color light spot corresponding to a first color light spot corresponding to a second color light spot corresponding to a second color light spot corresponding to a third color light spot corresponding to a third color light spot within a plurality of pixel units according to some embodiments. Figure 2 ;

[0088] Figure 23 A cross-sectional structure of a first grating structure within an optical modulation layer according to some embodiments. Figure 1 ;

[0089] Figure 24 A planar structure of a first grating structure within an optical modulation layer according to some embodiments Figure 1 ;

[0090] Figure 25 A cross-sectional structure of a first grating structure within an optical modulation layer according to some embodiments. Figure 2 ;

[0091] Figure 26 A planar structure of a first grating structure within an optical modulation layer according to some embodiments Figure 2 ;

[0092] Figure 27 A cross-sectional structure of a partial region of a display substrate according to some embodiments. Figure 14 ;

[0093] Figure 28 A cross-sectional structure of a partial region of a display substrate according to some embodiments. Figure 15 ;

[0094] Figure 29 This is a cross-sectional view of a second grating structure within an optical modulation layer according to some embodiments;

[0095] Figure 30 This is a planar structural diagram of the second grating structure within the optical modulation layer according to some embodiments;

[0096] Figure 31 The planar distribution of light spots corresponding to light-emitting devices within multiple pixel units according to some embodiments. Figure 1 ;

[0097] Figure 32 The planar distribution of light spots corresponding to light-emitting devices within multiple pixel units according to some embodiments. Figure 2 ;

[0098] Figure 33 A cross-sectional structure of a partial region of a display substrate according to some embodiments. Figure 16 ;

[0099] Figure 34A A cross-sectional structure of a partial region of a display substrate according to some embodiments. Figure 17 ;

[0100] Figure 34B A cross-sectional structure of a partial region of a display substrate according to some embodiments. Figure 18 ;

[0101] Figure 34C A cross-sectional structure of a partial region of a display substrate according to some embodiments. Figure 19 ;

[0102] Figure 35 This is a flowchart of a method for fabricating a display substrate according to some embodiments;

[0103] Figure 36 for Figure 35 The flowchart of the method for preparing the display substrate shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the display substrate corresponding to step S1.

[0104] Figure 37 for Figure 35 The flowchart of the method for preparing the display substrate shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the display substrate corresponding to step S2.

[0105] Figure 38 for Figure 35 The flowchart of the method for preparing the display substrate shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the display substrate corresponding to step S3.

[0106] Figure 39 This is a planar structural diagram of a portion of the film layer within a display substrate according to some embodiments;

[0107] Figure 40 for Figure 39 The cross-sectional structure of the display substrate shown along section line AA' Figure 1 ;

[0108] Figure 41 for Figure 39 The cross-sectional structure of the display substrate shown along section line AA' Figure 2 . Detailed Implementation

[0109] The technical solutions in some embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments provided in this disclosure are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0110] Unless the context otherwise requires, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprise" and its other forms, such as the third-person singular "comprises" and the present participle "comprising," are interpreted as open-ended and encompassing, meaning "including, but not limited to." In the description of the specification, terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "exemplary embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., are intended to indicate that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic associated with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this disclosure. The illustrative representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics mentioned may be included in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0111] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of embodiments of this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0112] In describing some embodiments, the terms "coupled" and "connected," and their derivative expressions, may be used. The term "connected" should be interpreted broadly; for example, a "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium. The term "coupled," for example, indicates that two or more components have direct physical or electrical contact. The term "coupled" or "communicatively coupled" may also refer to two or more components that do not have direct contact with each other but still cooperate or interact with each other. The embodiments disclosed herein are not necessarily limited to the content of this document.

[0113] "At least one of A, B and C" has the same meaning as "at least one of A, B or C", both including the following combinations of A, B and C: only A, only B, only C, combinations of A and B, combinations of A and C, combinations of B and C, and combinations of A, B and C.

[0114] "A and / or B" includes the following three combinations: A only, B only, and a combination of A and B.

[0115] As used herein, depending on the context, the term “if” may optionally be interpreted as meaning “when”, “in the event of”, “in response to determination”, or “in response to detection”. Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase “if it is determined that…” or “if [the stated condition or event] is detected” may optionally be interpreted as meaning “in the event of determination that…”, “in response to determination that…”, “when [the stated condition or event] is detected”, or “in response to the detection of [the stated condition or event]”.

[0116] The use of “applies to” or “configured to” in this article implies an open and inclusive language that does not preclude applicability to or configuration to devices that perform additional tasks or steps.

[0117] In addition, the use of “based on” implies openness and inclusivity, because processes, steps, calculations or other actions “based on” one or more of the stated conditions or values ​​may in practice be based on additional conditions or values ​​beyond those stated.

[0118] As used herein, “about,” “approximately,” or “approximately” includes the stated value and the average value within an acceptable range of deviation from the given value, wherein the acceptable range of deviation is determined by a person skilled in the art taking into account the measurement under discussion and the error associated with the measurement of the given quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system).

[0119] As used herein, “parallel,” “perpendicular,” and “equal” include the described situation and situations that are similar to the described situation, within an acceptable range of deviation, which is determined by those skilled in the art taking into account the measurement under discussion and the error associated with the measurement of a particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, “parallel” includes absolute parallelism and approximate parallelism, where an acceptable range of deviation for approximate parallelism may be, for example, within 5°; “perpendicular” includes absolute perpendicularity and approximate perpendicularity, where an acceptable range of deviation for approximate perpendicularity may also be, for example, within 5°; “equal” includes absolute equality and approximate equality, where an acceptable range of deviation for approximate equality may be, for example, a difference between the two equals being less than or equal to 5% of either one.

[0120] It should be understood that when a layer or element is referred to as being on another layer or substrate, it can mean that the layer or element is directly on the other layer or substrate, or that there is an intermediate layer between the layer or element and the other layer or substrate.

[0121] This document describes exemplary embodiments with reference to cross-sectional views and / or plan views, which are idealized exemplary drawings. In the drawings, the thickness of layers and the area of ​​regions are enlarged for clarity. Therefore, variations in shape relative to the drawings are contemplated due to, for example, manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances. Thus, exemplary embodiments should not be construed as being limited to the shapes of the regions shown herein, but rather include shape deviations due to, for example, manufacturing processes. For example, etched areas shown as rectangular would typically have curved features. Therefore, the regions shown in the drawings are schematic in nature, and their shapes are not intended to show the actual shapes of the areas of the device, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the exemplary embodiments.

[0122] It should be noted that, for example, F1 / F in the accompanying drawings of this disclosure indicates that a component can be either F or F1. For example, 3T(3) indicates that component 3T belongs to component 3. Other similar reference numerals appearing in the drawings also follow the above description.

[0123] like Figure 1 As shown, some embodiments of this disclosure provide a display device 100.

[0124] Exemplarily, the display device 100 can be any device that displays images, whether moving (e.g., video) or stationary (e.g., still images), and whether text or images. More specifically, the embodiments described are contemplated to be implemented in or associated with a variety of electronic devices, such as (but not limited to) mobile phones, wireless devices, personal data assistants (PDAs), handheld or portable computers, GPS receivers / navigators, cameras, MP4 video players, camcorders, game consoles, watches, clocks, calculators, television monitors, flat panel displays, computer monitors, automotive displays (e.g., odometer displays, etc.), navigators, cockpit controllers and / or displays, displays of camera views (e.g., displays of rearview cameras in vehicles), electronic photographs, electronic billboards or signs, projectors, architectural structures, packaging and aesthetic structures (e.g., displays of images of a piece of jewelry), etc. Figure 1 The following is an illustration using a mobile phone as an example of a display device 100.

[0125] For example, the display device 100 may be an electroluminescent display device or a photoluminescent display device. When the display device 100 is an electroluminescent display device, it may be an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display device or a quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED) display device. When the display device 100 is a photoluminescent display device, it may be a quantum dot photoluminescent display device.

[0126] The display device 100 may also be a micro light-emitting diode (Micro LED) display device or a mini light-emitting diode (Mini LED) display device.

[0127] The following uses a micro light-emitting diode (Micro LED) display device or a mini light-emitting diode (Mini LED) display device as examples to illustrate some embodiments of the present disclosure. However, the implementation of the present disclosure includes, but is not limited to, any other display device can be considered as long as the same technical concept is applied.

[0128] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2This is a cross-sectional view of a partial area of ​​a display device 100 according to some embodiments. The display device 100 includes a display substrate 10 and a circuit board 20. The circuit board 20 is electrically connected to the display substrate 10 and can be configured to drive the display substrate 10 to display an image.

[0129] For example, please continue reading Figure 2 The circuit board 20 within the display device 100 includes, but is not limited to, printed circuit boards (PCBs) and flexible printed circuit boards (FPCs).

[0130] The display substrate 10 described above will be described in detail below.

[0131] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a plan view of a display substrate 10 according to some embodiments. The display substrate 10 has a display area AA for displaying images and a peripheral area AN located on at least one side of the display area AA.

[0132] For example, a gate driver on array (GOA) and control signal lines (e.g., clock signal lines, power supply voltage signal lines, etc.) may be provided in the peripheral area AN of the display substrate 10, but the function of the peripheral area AN of the display substrate 10 includes, but is not limited to, these.

[0133] In some embodiments, please continue reading Figure 3 The display substrate 10 includes multiple pixel units Fa arranged in an array. Each pixel unit Fa includes multiple light-emitting devices F. The light-emitting devices F can be located in the display area AA of the display substrate 10, and the light-emitting device F can be the smallest light-emitting unit within the display area AA of the display substrate 10. It should be noted that the light-emitting devices F mentioned in this application are divided into independent light-emitting regions. That is, a structure that can form one light-emitting region is one light-emitting device F, and a structure that forms N light-emitting regions corresponds to N light-emitting devices F. From another perspective, each light spot realized by the display substrate 10 in the state of removing the optical modulation layer 3 corresponds one-to-one with a light-emitting device F. In some embodiments, such as in LED displays, multiple light-emitting devices F can be integrated on an epitaxial structure unit. These light-emitting devices F have a common epitaxial layer (e.g., an N-GaN layer), but their multiple quantum well layers are independent of each other, so multiple independent light-emitting regions can be formed, which are identified as multiple light-emitting devices F in this application.

[0134] For example, a pixel unit Fa within the display substrate 10 may include a light-emitting device F of one color. That is, multiple light-emitting devices F within the pixel unit Fa can emit light of the same color.

[0135] When the pixel unit Fa within the display substrate 10 includes a light-emitting device F of a single color, the display substrate 10 may further include a color filter layer (not shown in the figure) disposed on the light-emitting side of the plurality of light-emitting devices F within the pixel unit Fa. For example, the plurality of light-emitting devices F within the pixel unit Fa may all emit light of colors such as white, red, green, or blue. The colored light emitted by the light-emitting device F is emitted as the same color after passing through the color filter layer, or is converted into other colors and emitted. Thus, when the plurality of light-emitting devices F within the pixel unit Fa emit light of the same color, the display substrate 10 can achieve multi-color light emission.

[0136] Alternatively, please continue reading Figure 3 The pixel unit Fa within the display substrate 10 may include light-emitting devices F of various colors. That is, multiple light-emitting devices F within the pixel unit Fa can emit light of different colors.

[0137] For example, please continue reading Figure 3 The multiple light-emitting devices F within the pixel unit Fa may include a first-color light-emitting device F1 that emits a first-color light, a second-color light-emitting device F2 that emits a second-color light, and a third-color light-emitting device F3 that emits a third-color light, thereby realizing multi-color light emission from the display substrate 10.

[0138] Among them, the first color light-emitting device F1 can be a red light-emitting device, emitting red light. The second color light-emitting device F2 can be a green light-emitting device, emitting green light. The third color light-emitting device F3 can be a blue light-emitting device, emitting blue light.

[0139] Alternatively, the first color light-emitting device F1 can also be a green light-emitting device or a blue light-emitting device. The second color light-emitting device F2 can also be a red light-emitting device or a blue light-emitting device. The third color light-emitting device F3 can also be a red light-emitting device or a green light-emitting device.

[0140] The following describes some embodiments of the present disclosure by taking as an example that the pixel unit Fa in the display substrate 10 includes light-emitting devices F of multiple colors, that is, multiple light-emitting devices F in the pixel unit Fa emit light of different colors.

[0141] For example, please continue reading Figure 1 and Figure 3 When the display device 100 is a micro light-emitting diode display device, the display substrate 10 in the display device 100 is a micro light-emitting diode display substrate, and the light-emitting device F in the display substrate 10 may include a micro light-emitting diode.

[0142] Alternatively, please continue reading Figure 1 and Figure 3 When the display device 100 is a sub-millimeter light-emitting diode display device, the display substrate 10 inside the display device 100 is a sub-millimeter light-emitting diode display substrate, and the light-emitting device F inside the display substrate 10 may include a sub-millimeter light-emitting diode.

[0143] For example, please continue reading Figure 3 Multiple light-emitting devices F within a pixel unit Fa can be arranged in the same direction. Specifically, when the multiple light-emitting devices F within the pixel unit Fa include a first-color light-emitting device F1, a second-color light-emitting device F2, and a third-color light-emitting device F3, the first-color light-emitting device F1, the second-color light-emitting device F2, and the third-color light-emitting device F3 can be arranged sequentially adjacent to each other in the same direction.

[0144] For example, multiple light-emitting devices F within a pixel unit Fa can be arranged along a first direction X. Specifically, when the multiple light-emitting devices F within a pixel unit Fa include a first-color light-emitting device F1, a second-color light-emitting device F2, and a third-color light-emitting device F3, the first-color light-emitting device F1, the second-color light-emitting device F2, and the third-color light-emitting device F3 can be arranged adjacent to each other in the first direction X.

[0145] For example, please continue reading Figure 3 Multiple light-emitting devices F within a pixel unit Fa can be arranged along a second direction Y, which intersects with the first direction X. Specifically, when the multiple light-emitting devices F within the pixel unit Fa include a first-color light-emitting device F1, a second-color light-emitting device F2, and a third-color light-emitting device F3, the first-color light-emitting device F1, the second-color light-emitting device F2, and the third-color light-emitting device F3 can be arranged sequentially adjacent to each other in the second direction Y.

[0146] In some embodiments, please continue reading Figure 3 The pixel unit Fa within the display substrate 10 may further include multiple pixel circuits S. The pixel circuits S may be electrically connected to the light-emitting devices F within the pixel unit Fa, and are used to drive the light-emitting devices F within the pixel unit Fa to emit light.

[0147] For example, please continue reading Figure 3 The multiple pixel circuits S and multiple light-emitting devices F within a pixel unit Fa can have a one-to-one driving relationship.

[0148] Alternatively, the multiple pixel circuits S and multiple light-emitting devices F within a pixel unit Fa can have a one-to-many driving relationship. That is, one pixel circuit S within a pixel unit Fa can be electrically connected to multiple light-emitting devices F and configured to drive multiple light-emitting devices F to emit light.

[0149] The light-emitting devices F (e.g., first-color light-emitting device F1, second-color light-emitting device F2, and third-color light-emitting device F3) and pixel circuit S within the aforementioned pixel unit Fa can be disposed within the film layer structure of the display substrate 10. The film layer structure of the display substrate 10 will be described in detail below.

[0150] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 These are all cross-sectional structural views of a partial area of ​​the display substrate 10 according to some embodiments. The display substrate 10 may include a substrate 1.

[0151] For example, please continue reading Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The light-emitting device F in the display substrate 10 can be located on one side of the substrate 1.

[0152] For example, please continue reading Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The substrate 1 within the display substrate 10 may include a substrate 11.

[0153] For example, the material of substrate 11 may include inorganic materials. Specifically, the material of substrate 11 may include glass materials such as soda-lime glass, quartz glass, and sapphire glass.

[0154] Alternatively, the material of substrate 11 may also include organic materials. Specifically, the material of substrate 11 may include one or more of the following: polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylphenol, polyethersulfone, polyimide, polyamide, polyacetal, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, and polyethylene naphthalate.

[0155] Alternatively, the material of substrate 11 may include both organic and inorganic materials.

[0156] For example, please continue reading Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 and combined Figure 3 The substrate 1 within the display substrate 10 may further include a driving layer 12. The driving layer 12 may be located on one side of the substrate 11 within the substrate 1. The pixel circuit S within the display substrate 10 may be disposed within the driving layer 12.

[0157] For example, please continue reading Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6In the case where the substrate 1 in the display substrate 10 includes a substrate 11 and a driving layer 12, and the driving layer 12 is located on one side of the substrate 11, the light-emitting device F in the display substrate 10 may be located on the side of the driving layer 12 away from the substrate 11.

[0158] In some embodiments, please continue reading Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The display substrate 10 may further include a first encapsulation layer 41. The first encapsulation layer 41 may be located between adjacent light-emitting devices F and on the side of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1.

[0159] For example, please continue reading Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 When the first encapsulation layer 41 is disposed between adjacent light-emitting devices F and on the side of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1, the first encapsulation layer 41 can be squeezed by a pressing process so that part of the first encapsulation layer 41 fills between adjacent light-emitting devices F.

[0160] For example, please continue reading Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The surface 4a of the first encapsulation layer 41 away from the substrate 1 can be planar.

[0161] For example, the material of the first encapsulation layer 41 may include an adhesive.

[0162] For example, the material of the first encapsulation layer 41 may include at least one of epoxy resin and acrylic resin.

[0163] For example, please continue reading Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The first encapsulation layer 41 may include a light-absorbing layer 411.

[0164] For example, the light-absorbing layer 411 may include a black adhesive layer.

[0165] By including a black adhesive layer in the light-absorbing layer 411 within the first encapsulation layer 41, the black adhesive layer typically has a high light absorption rate, which can absorb stray light within the display substrate 10. This reduces the interference of stray light within the display substrate 10 on the image displayed on the display substrate 10, thereby improving the contrast of the image displayed on the display substrate 10 and ultimately enhancing the display effect of the display substrate 10.

[0166] When the light-absorbing layer 411 within the first encapsulation layer 41 includes a black adhesive layer, the material of the light-absorbing layer 411 may include organic materials such as resins with added light-absorbing particles (e.g., carbon black particles). Specifically, the material of the light-absorbing layer 411 may include epoxy resins and / or acrylic resins doped with light-absorbing particles (e.g., carbon black particles).

[0167] The transmittance of the light-absorbing layer 411 within the first encapsulation layer 41 can be 5%-50%. Specifically, the transmittance of the light-absorbing layer 411 can be 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, or 50%, etc.

[0168] For example, please continue reading Figure 5 and Figure 6 The first encapsulation layer 41 may include a light scattering layer 412. Scattering particles may be added to the material of the light scattering layer 412. That is, the material of the light scattering layer 412 within the first encapsulation layer 41 may include scattering particles.

[0169] Alternatively, please continue reading Figure 4 When the first encapsulation layer 41 includes a light-absorbing layer 411, scattering particles may also be added to the material of the light-absorbing layer 411. That is, the material of the light-absorbing layer 411 in the first encapsulation layer 41 may include scattering particles, so that the light-absorbing layer 411 can also serve as a light-scattering layer 412.

[0170] When the pixel unit Fa in the display substrate 10 includes a first color light-emitting device F1, a second color light-emitting device F2, and a third color light-emitting device F3, the light emitted by the first color light-emitting device F1, the second color light-emitting device F2, and the third color light-emitting device F3 may have inconsistent brightness distribution in the viewing angle space, resulting in inconsistent light pattern distribution curves (i.e., brightness distribution curves of the light emitted by the first color light-emitting device F1, the second color light-emitting device F2, and the third color light-emitting device F3 in space).

[0171] For example, when the first color light-emitting device F1 is a red light-emitting device, the second color light-emitting device F2 is a green light-emitting device, and the third color light-emitting device F3 is a blue light-emitting device, the difference between the spectral spatial brightness distribution of the second color light-emitting device F2 and the spectral spatial brightness distribution of the third color light-emitting device F3 is small, the difference between the spectral spatial brightness distribution of the second color light-emitting device F2 and the spectral spatial brightness distribution of the first color light-emitting device F1 is large, and the difference between the spectral spatial brightness distribution of the third color light-emitting device F3 and the spectral spatial brightness distribution of the first color light-emitting device F1 is also large.

[0172] When the light pattern distribution curves of the first color light-emitting device F1, the second color light-emitting device F2, and the third color light-emitting device F3 within the pixel unit Fa are not uniform, the display substrate 10 may exhibit inconsistent colors at different spatial angles when displaying a white image. This is due to the variation in the brightness ratio of the light emitted by the first color light-emitting device F1, the second color light-emitting device F2, and the third color light-emitting device F3 at different spatial angles. For example, the image displayed by the corrected display substrate 10 may appear white at a normal viewing angle, but may appear reddish or bluish at a wider viewing angle.

[0173] Based on this, by making the material of the light-absorbing layer 411 in the first encapsulation layer 41 include scattering particles, or by providing a light-scattering layer 412 in the first encapsulation layer 41 and adding scattering particles to the material of the light-scattering layer 412, when the light emitted by the first color light-emitting device F1, the second color light-emitting device F2, and the third color light-emitting device F3 in the pixel unit Fa passes through the scattering particles in the light-absorbing layer 411 or the light-scattering layer 412, due to the scattering effect of the scattering particles, the propagation direction of the light emitted by the first color light-emitting device F1, the second color light-emitting device F2, and the third color light-emitting device F3 is deflected, so that the propagation direction of the light emitted by the first color light-emitting device F1, the second color light-emitting device F2, and the third color light-emitting device F3 is changed.

[0174] After the light emitted by the first color light-emitting device F1, the second color light-emitting device F2, and the third color light-emitting device F3 passes through a large number of scattering particles, the light pattern distribution curves of the first color light-emitting device F1, the second color light-emitting device F2, and the third color light-emitting device F3 can all tend to the Lambertian scattering light pattern curves. This can improve the problem of inconsistent light pattern distribution curves of the first color light-emitting device F1, the second color light-emitting device F2, and the third color light-emitting device F3 within the pixel unit Fa, making the light pattern distribution curves of the first color light-emitting device F1, the second color light-emitting device F2, and the third color light-emitting device F3 within the pixel unit Fa more consistent. As a result, when the display substrate 10 displays a white screen, the color of the screen displayed on the display substrate 10 is basically the same at both the frontal and side viewing angles. This can improve the viewing angle distortion problem of the screen displayed on the display substrate 10 and improve the display effect of the display substrate 10.

[0175] Please continue reading. Figure 4 When the material of the light-absorbing layer 411 within the first encapsulation layer 41 includes scattering particles, the refractive index of the scattering particles is different from the refractive index of the other materials in the light-absorbing layer 411.

[0176] For example, the scattering particles within the material of the light-absorbing layer 411 may include one or more (two or more) of silicon dioxide (SiO2) particles, magnesium oxide (MgO) particles, and titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles.

[0177] Please continue reading. Figure 4 In the case where the material of the light-absorbing layer 411 within the first encapsulation layer 41 includes scattering particles, the scattering particles can be nano-sized particles or micro-sized particles.

[0178] Please continue reading. Figure 4 When the material of the light-absorbing layer 411 within the first encapsulation layer 41 includes scattering particles, the mass percentage of scattering particles in the material of the light-absorbing layer 411 can be greater than or equal to 0.1% and less than or equal to 50%.

[0179] For example, the mass percentage of scattering particles in the material of the light-absorbing layer 411 can be 0.1%, 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 30%, 40%, 45%, or 50%, etc.

[0180] Please continue reading. Figure 5 and Figure 6 In the case where the first encapsulation layer 41 includes a light scattering layer 412, the material of the light scattering layer 412 may include epoxy resin and / or acrylic resin doped with scattering particles.

[0181] Please continue reading. Figure 5 and Figure 6 When the material of the light scattering layer 412 within the first encapsulation layer 41 includes scattering particles, the refractive index of the scattering particles is different from the refractive index of other materials of the light scattering layer 412 (e.g., epoxy resin, acrylic resin).

[0182] For example, the scattering particles within the material of the light scattering layer 412 may include one or more (two or more) of silicon dioxide (SiO2) particles, magnesium oxide (MgO) particles, titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles, and polymer particles.

[0183] Please continue reading. Figure 5 and Figure 6 In the case where the material of the light scattering layer 412 within the first encapsulation layer 41 includes scattering particles, the scattering particles can be nano-sized particles or micro-sized particles.

[0184] Please continue reading. Figure 5 and Figure 6When the material of the light scattering layer 412 within the first encapsulation layer 41 includes scattering particles, the mass percentage of scattering particles within the material of the light scattering layer 412 can be greater than or equal to 0.1% and less than or equal to 50%.

[0185] For example, the mass percentage of scattering particles in the material of the light scattering layer 412 can be 0.1%, 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 30%, 40%, 45%, or 50%, etc.

[0186] For example, please continue reading Figure 5 and Figure 6 In the case where the first encapsulation layer 41 within the display substrate 10 includes a light-absorbing layer 411 and a light-scattering layer 412, the light-absorbing layer 411 may be closer to the light-emitting device F than the light-scattering layer 412. Alternatively, the light-scattering layer 412 may be closer to the light-emitting device F than the light-absorbing layer 411.

[0187] For example, please continue reading Figure 5 When the light-absorbing layer 411 is closer to the light-emitting device F than the light-scattering layer 412, the light-absorbing layer 411 can be attached to the side surface of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1 and the side surface of the light-emitting device F.

[0188] Alternatively, please continue reading Figure 6 When the light scattering layer 412 is closer to the light-emitting device F than the light-absorbing layer 411, the surface 42a of the light scattering layer 412 away from the substrate 1 can be a plane.

[0189] In some embodiments, please continue reading Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The display substrate 10 may further include a second encapsulation layer 42. The second encapsulation layer 42 may be located on the side of the first encapsulation layer 41 away from the substrate 1.

[0190] For example, the material of the second encapsulation layer 42 may include at least one of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyimide (PI).

[0191] For example, the material of the second encapsulation layer 42 may include a transparent material.

[0192] For example, please continue reading Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6When the display substrate 10 includes a first encapsulation layer 41 and a second encapsulation layer 42, and the second encapsulation layer 42 is located on the side of the first encapsulation layer 41 away from the substrate 1, when the first encapsulation layer 41 is disposed between adjacent light-emitting devices F and on the side of the light-emitting devices F away from the substrate 1, the second encapsulation layer 42 can be squeezed by a pressing process, so that the first encapsulation layers 41 can be subjected to force, thereby causing a portion of the first encapsulation layer 41 to fill between adjacent light-emitting devices F.

[0193] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 This is a planar structural diagram of a pixel unit Fa within a display substrate 10 according to some embodiments. Within the pixel unit Fa within the display substrate 10, the area where the light-emitting device F (e.g., a first-color light-emitting device F1, a second-color light-emitting device F2, and a third-color light-emitting device F3) is located is a bright area (i.e., an effective light-emitting area), and other areas are dark areas (i.e., non-light-emitting areas).

[0194] With the development of display technology, the size of the light-emitting device F within the pixel unit Fa is becoming smaller and smaller, resulting in a decreasing proportion of the bright area (i.e., the effective light-emitting area) within the pixel unit Fa. For example, when the display substrate 10 is a sub-millimeter light-emitting diode (Mini LED) display substrate, the proportion of the bright area within the pixel unit Fa is less than or equal to 10%. As another example, when the display substrate 10 is a micro light-emitting diode (Micro LED) display substrate, the proportion of the bright area within the pixel unit Fa is less than or equal to 5%.

[0195] When the proportion of the bright area (i.e., the effective light-emitting area) within the pixel unit Fa is small, the area outside the bright area within the pixel unit Fa is a dark area. To ensure the normal brightness of the display substrate 10, the luminous intensity of the light-emitting device F within the pixel unit Fa needs to be increased. When the luminous intensity of the light-emitting device F within the pixel unit Fa is large, the brightness difference between the bright and dark areas within the pixel unit Fa is large. When users view the display substrate 10, the human eye can easily observe a large difference between brightness and darkness, i.e., glare, which can easily lead to visual discomfort and thus affect visual health.

[0196] Furthermore, the brightness of the light-emitting device F within the pixel unit Fa may vary at different locations, and there may be some differences. For example, as... Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8This is a brightness curve diagram of the light-emitting device F at different positions within a pixel unit Fa according to some embodiments. The brightness is highest at the center of the light-emitting device F within the pixel unit Fa, and gradually decreases towards the edge of the light-emitting device F. When the difference between the brightness at the center and the edge of the light-emitting device F within the pixel unit Fa is large, the human eye can easily observe a large difference in brightness when viewing the display substrate 10, which is glare, easily leading to visual discomfort and thus affecting visual health.

[0197] Based on this, in some embodiments, such as Figure 9A , Figure 9B , Figure 9C , Figure 10A , Figure 10B , Figure 10C , Figure 11A , Figure 11B and Figure 11C As shown, Figure 9A , Figure 9B , Figure 9C , Figure 10A , Figure 10B , Figure 10C , Figure 11A , Figure 11B and Figure 11C These are all cross-sectional structural views of a partial area of ​​the display substrate 10 according to some embodiments. The display substrate 10 may also include an optical modulation layer 3. The optical modulation layer 3 may be located on the side of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1.

[0198] For example, the optical modulation layer 3 can be a continuous film layer disposed entirely on the substrate 1. For instance, the orthographic projection of the optical modulation layer 3 onto the substrate 1 completely covers the orthographic projection of each light-emitting device F onto the substrate 1.

[0199] For example, such as Figure 12 As shown, Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing light emitted from a light-emitting device F within a display substrate 10 according to some embodiments forming a light spot 3a via an optical modulation layer 3. The optical modulation layer 3 is configured to cause light emitted from the light-emitting device F to form a light spot 3a via the optical modulation layer 3.

[0200] like Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16These are all planar distribution diagrams of light spots 3a corresponding to light-emitting devices F within the display substrate 10 according to some embodiments. One light-emitting device F corresponds to multiple light spots 3a. The multiple light spots 3a include multiple first light spots 3ab, and in orthographic projection onto the substrate 1, the centers of the multiple first light spots 3ab surround the center of the light-emitting device F.

[0201] It should be noted that, Figure 13 , Figure 14 and Figure 15 , Figure 16 The difference is that, Figure 13 and Figure 14 The number of light spots 3a corresponding to one light-emitting device F in the middle is related to Figure 15 and Figure 16 The number of light spots 3a corresponding to a single light-emitting device F varies. For example, Figure 13 and Figure 14 The number of light spots 3a corresponding to one light-emitting device F can be 3. Figure 15 and Figure 16 The number of light spots 3a corresponding to one light-emitting device F can be nine. The number of light spots 3a corresponding to one light-emitting device F can be adjusted by changing the structure of the optical modulation layer 3 in the display substrate 10. The specific structure of the optical modulation layer 3 will be described in detail below.

[0202] like Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, and in combination Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9A , Figure 9B , Figure 9C , Figure 10A , Figure 10B , Figure 10C , Figure 11A , Figure 11B and Figure 11C , Figure 17 and Figure 18 These are schematic diagrams showing the brightness distribution of the first light spot 3ab corresponding to the light-emitting device F within the display substrate 10 according to some embodiments. It should be noted that... Figure 17 A line segment W1 extending along the second direction Y passes through multiple light spots 3a distributed along the second direction Y (for example, line segment W1 may pass through the center of multiple light spots 3a). The horizontal axis in the coordinate axis represents the distance between each position corresponding to line segment W1 in the multiple light spots 3a and the starting point of line segment W1. The vertical axis in the coordinate axis represents the brightness at each position corresponding to line segment W1 in the multiple light spots 3a. Curve Q1 represents the brightness distribution curve at multiple positions corresponding to line segment W1 in the multiple light spots 3a. Figure 18Line segments W2, W3, and W4, extending along the second direction Y, respectively pass through multiple light spots 3a distributed along the second direction Y (for example, line segments W2, W3, and W4 can pass through the center of multiple light spots 3a). The horizontal axis in the coordinate axis represents the distance between the starting point of each position in the multiple light spots 3a corresponding to line segments W2, W3, or W4 and the starting point of line segments W2, W3, or W4. The vertical axis in the coordinate axis represents the brightness at each position in the multiple light spots 3a corresponding to line segments W2, W3, or W4. Curve Q2 represents the brightness distribution curve at multiple positions in the multiple light spots 3a corresponding to line segment W2, curve Q3 represents the brightness distribution curve at multiple positions in the multiple light spots 3a corresponding to line segment W3, and curve Q4 represents the brightness distribution curve at multiple positions in the multiple light spots 3a corresponding to line segment W4.

[0203] By including an optical modulation layer 3 in the display substrate 10, the optical modulation layer 3 is configured to form light spots 3a through the light emitted by the light-emitting device F, and one light-emitting device F corresponds to multiple light spots 3a. That is, the optical modulation layer 3 can homogenize the light emitted by the light-emitting device F into multiple light spots 3a. On the one hand, while ensuring the brightness of the light-emitting device F in the display substrate 10, the brightness at the position of maximum light intensity in the first light spot 3ab is less than the brightness at the position of maximum light intensity of the light-emitting device F in the display substrate 10 when the display substrate 10 does not include the optical modulation layer 3. This can reduce the brightness difference between the bright and dark areas in the pixel unit Fa, thereby reducing or eliminating the problem of eye discomfort caused by the large difference between brightness and darkness (i.e., glare) observed by the human eye when viewing the display substrate 10. This improves the display effect of the display substrate 10 and provides a more comfortable visual experience.

[0204] On the other hand, the brightness at the position with the maximum light intensity within the first light spot 3ab (e.g., the center position of the first light spot 3ab) is relatively small, which helps to reduce the difference between the brightness at the position with the maximum light intensity within the first light spot 3ab and the brightness at the position with the minimum light intensity within the first light spot 3ab (e.g., the edge position of the first light spot 3ab). This further helps to reduce or eliminate the problem of eye discomfort caused by the large difference between brightness and darkness (i.e., glare) observed by the human eye when viewing the display substrate 10, and further improves the display effect and visual experience comfort of the display substrate 10.

[0205] It should be noted that the aforementioned light spot 3a refers to a bright spot on the display substrate 10 that can be observed by the human eye or collected by a device. Specifically, the light spot 3a can be a beam of light located at different positions on the display substrate 10 and / or with different propagation directions, generated by modulating the light emitted by the light-emitting device F through the optical modulation layer 3.

[0206] It should be noted that the light spot 3a described in this application is a light spot observed by the human eye from a normal viewing angle or collected by a device from a normal viewing angle on the display substrate 10. The normal viewing angle is the viewing angle observed or collected towards the light-emitting surface of the display substrate 10 and along the normal direction of the light-emitting surface of the display substrate 10.

[0207] It should be noted that multiple light spots can be observed within a certain range (e.g., within 60° of the angle between the light-emitting surface and the normal direction of the display substrate 10), thereby reducing or eliminating the significant differences in brightness observed by the human eye when viewing the display substrate 10 from different angles, providing a more comfortable visual experience. The distribution pattern of these light spots can be the same as or similar to the distribution pattern of light spot 3a acquired from the normal viewing angle. However, the distribution of light spots outside the normal viewing angle is not explicitly limited in this application. The light spot defined in this application, namely light spot 3a, is the light spot observed by the human eye from the normal viewing angle or acquired by the device from the normal viewing angle on the display substrate 10.

[0208] Specifically, for example, when the optical modulation layer 3 is configured to cause the light emitted by the light-emitting device F to undergo a diffraction effect through the optical modulation layer 3 (for example, the optical modulation layer 3 may include a grating structure), the light emitted by the light-emitting device F will form a diffraction spot through the optical modulation layer 3. Since the brightness of the light generated by second-order diffraction and higher-order diffraction is low, the aforementioned spot 3a refers to the diffraction spot formed by the zero-order diffraction and first-order diffraction of the light emitted by the light-emitting device F through the optical modulation layer 3.

[0209] For example, please continue reading Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 A light-emitting device F may also include a second light spot 3aa among its multiple light spots 3aa. The first light spot 3ab may be located around the second light spot 3aa.

[0210] Please continue reading. Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 and combined Figure 17 and Figure 18 By including a second light spot 3aa in the multiple light spots 3aa corresponding to a light-emitting device F in the display substrate 10, on the one hand, while ensuring the brightness of the light-emitting device F in the display substrate 10, the brightness at the position of maximum light intensity in the second light spot 3aa is less than the brightness at the position of maximum light intensity of the light-emitting device F in the display substrate 10 when the display substrate 10 does not include the optical modulation layer 3. This can reduce the brightness difference between the bright and dark areas in the pixel unit Fa, thereby alleviating or eliminating the problem of eye discomfort caused by the large difference between brightness and darkness (i.e., glare) observed by the human eye when viewing the display substrate 10, improving the display effect of the display substrate 10 and providing a more comfortable visual experience.

[0211] On the other hand, the brightness at the position of maximum light intensity within the second light spot 3aa (e.g., the center of the second light spot 3aa) is relatively small, which helps to reduce the difference between the brightness at the position of maximum light intensity within the second light spot 3aa and the brightness at the position of minimum light intensity within the second light spot 3aa (e.g., the edge of the second light spot 3aa). This further helps to reduce or eliminate the problem of eye discomfort caused by the large difference between brightness and darkness (i.e., glare) observed by the human eye when viewing the display substrate 10, and further improves the display effect and visual experience comfort of the display substrate 10.

[0212] For example, please continue reading Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 In the case where a light-emitting device F corresponds to multiple light spots 3a, including a second light spot 3aa, the second light spot 3aa can overlap with the light-emitting device F in the thickness direction (i.e., the third direction Z) of the substrate 1.

[0213] For example, please continue reading Figure 17 and Figure 18 In the case where a light-emitting device F in the display substrate 10 corresponds to multiple light spots 3a, including a first light spot 3ab and a second light spot 3aa, the ratio between the brightness at the position of maximum light intensity of the first light spot 3ab (for example, the position of maximum light intensity of the first light spot 3ab can be the center position of the first light spot 3ab) and the brightness at the position of maximum light intensity of the second light spot 3aa (for example, the position of maximum light intensity of the second light spot 3aa can be the center position of the second light spot 3aa) can be greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 1.5.

[0214] For example, please continue reading Figure 17 and Figure 18 The ratio between the brightness at the position of maximum light intensity of the first light spot 3ab and the brightness at the position of maximum light intensity of the second light spot 3aa can be 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4 or 1.5, etc.

[0215] By ensuring that the ratio between the brightness at the location of maximum light intensity of the first light spot 3ab and the brightness at the location of maximum light intensity of the second light spot 3aa is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 1.5, the difference between the brightness at the location of maximum light intensity of the first light spot 3ab and the brightness at the location of maximum light intensity of the second light spot 3aa is relatively small. This is beneficial to improving the uniform light effect of the optical modulation layer 3, and can further reduce the brightness difference between the bright and dark areas within the pixel unit Fa. This can further reduce or eliminate the problem of eye discomfort caused by the large difference between bright and dark areas (i.e., glare) observed by the human eye when viewing the display substrate 10, and further improve the display effect and visual experience comfort of the display substrate 10.

[0216] Please continue reading. Figure 17 and Figure 18 In the case where a light-emitting device F in the display substrate 10 corresponds to multiple light spots 3a, including a second light spot 3aa and multiple first light spots 3ab, the ratio between the brightness at the position of maximum light intensity of each first light spot 3ab and the brightness at the position of maximum light intensity of the second light spot 3aa can be greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 1.5.

[0217] For example, please continue reading Figure 9A , Figure 9B , Figure 9C , Figure 10A , Figure 10B , Figure 10C , Figure 11A , Figure 11B and Figure 11C When the display substrate 10 includes a first encapsulation layer 41, the first encapsulation layer 41 can be located between the optical modulation layer 3 and the light-emitting device F. That is, the first encapsulation layer 41 is closer to the light-emitting device F than the optical modulation layer 3.

[0218] For example, such as Figure 11D As shown, Figure 11D This is a cross-sectional view of a partial area of ​​a display substrate 10 according to some embodiments. In the case where the display substrate 10 includes a first encapsulation layer 41 and a second encapsulation layer 42, and the first encapsulation layer 41 is located between the optical modulation layer 3 and the light-emitting device F, the second encapsulation layer 42 may be located between the optical modulation layer 3 and the first encapsulation layer 41.

[0219] It should be noted that, Figure 11D In the case where the display substrate 10 includes a first encapsulation layer 41 and a second encapsulation layer 42, the structure of the first encapsulation layer 41 within the display substrate 10 and... Figure 11A The structure of the first encapsulation layer 41 in the display substrate 10 is the same as that of the optical modulation layer 3 in the display substrate 10. Figure 11ATaking the optical modulation layer 3 in the display substrate 10 as an example, the positional relationship between the first encapsulation layer 41 and the second encapsulation layer 42 in the display substrate 10 is schematically explained. However, when the display substrate 10 includes the first encapsulation layer 41 and the second encapsulation layer 42, the film structure of the display substrate 10 is not limited to... Figure 11D The film layer structure of the display substrate 10 shown. For example, the structure of the first encapsulation layer 41 within the display substrate 10 can also be the same as... Figure 9A , Figure 9B , Figure 9C , Figure 10A , Figure 10B , Figure 10C , Figure 11B and Figure 11C The structure of the first encapsulation layer 41 within any of the display substrates 10 shown is the same, and will not be described again here. For example, the structure of the optical modulation layer 3 within the display substrate 10 can also be the same as... Figure 9A , Figure 9B , Figure 9C , Figure 10A , Figure 10B , Figure 10C , Figure 11B and Figure 11C The optical modulation layer 3 in any of the display substrates 10 shown in the examples has the same structure, and will not be described again here.

[0220] For example, please continue reading Figure 9A , Figure 9B , Figure 9C , Figure 10A , Figure 10B , Figure 10C , Figure 11A , Figure 11B and Figure 11C When the pixel unit Fa within the display substrate 10 includes a first-color light-emitting device F1, a second-color light-emitting device F2, and a third-color light-emitting device F3, the optical modulation layer 3 within the display substrate 10 can simultaneously cover the first-color light-emitting device F1, the second-color light-emitting device F2, and the third-color light-emitting device F3. That is, the light emitted by the first-color light-emitting device F1, the second-color light-emitting device F2, and the third-color light-emitting device F3 within the pixel unit Fa can pass through the same optical modulation layer 3 to form a light spot 3a.

[0221] Among them, such as Figure 19 and Figure 20 As shown, and please refer to further reading. Figure 9A , Figure 9B , Figure 9C , Figure 10A , Figure 10B , Figure 10C , Figure 11A , Figure 11Band Figure 11C , Figure 19 and Figure 20 These are planar distribution diagrams of the first color light spot 51 corresponding to the first color light-emitting device F1, the second color light spot 52 corresponding to the second color light-emitting device F2, and the third color light spot 53 corresponding to the third color light-emitting device F3 within a pixel unit Fa, according to some embodiments. Light emitted from the first color light-emitting device F1 within the pixel unit Fa can form the first color light spot 51 after passing through the optical modulation layer 3. That is, the first color light-emitting device F1 within the pixel unit Fa can generate the first color light spot 51. Light emitted from the second color light-emitting device F2 within the pixel unit Fa can form the second color light spot 52 after passing through the optical modulation layer 3. That is, the second color light-emitting device F2 within the pixel unit Fa can generate the second color light spot 52. Light emitted from the third color light-emitting device F3 within the pixel unit Fa can form the third color light spot 53 after passing through the optical modulation layer 3. That is, the third color light-emitting device F3 within the pixel unit Fa can generate the third color light spot 53.

[0222] For example, please continue reading Figure 19 and Figure 20 The pixel unit Fa in the display substrate 10 includes a first color light-emitting device F1, a second color light-emitting device F2 and a third color light-emitting device F3. The first color light-emitting device F1 generates a first color light spot 51, the second color light-emitting device F2 generates a second color light spot 52 and the third color light-emitting device F3 generates a third color light spot 53. When the first color light-emitting device F1 and the second color light-emitting device F2 in the same pixel unit Fa are arranged adjacent to each other, the first color light spot 51 generated by the first color light-emitting device F1 and the second color light spot 52 generated by the second color light-emitting device F2 may overlap.

[0223] By creating an overlap between the first color light spot 51 generated by the first color light-emitting device F1 and the second color light spot 52 generated by the second color light-emitting device F2 within the same pixel unit Fa, a color mixing effect can be generated. This is beneficial to improving the color richness of the display substrate 10, enabling the display substrate 10 to present a more delicate and realistic color display effect. It is also beneficial to improve the brightness and contrast of the image displayed by the display substrate 10, making the image displayed by the display substrate 10 clearer and more vivid.

[0224] For example, please continue reading Figure 19 and Figure 20The pixel unit Fa within the display substrate 10 includes a first color light-emitting device F1, a second color light-emitting device F2, and a third color light-emitting device F3. The first color light-emitting device F1 generates a first color light spot 51, the second color light-emitting device F2 generates a second color light spot 52, and the third color light-emitting device F3 generates a third color light spot 53. When the second color light-emitting device F2 and the third color light-emitting device F3 within the same pixel unit Fa are arranged adjacent to each other, there may be overlap between the second color light spot 52 generated by the second color light-emitting device F2 and the third color light spot 53 generated by the third color light-emitting device F3.

[0225] By creating an overlap between the second color light spot 52 generated by the second color light-emitting device F2 and the third color light spot 53 generated by the third color light-emitting device F3 within the same pixel unit Fa, a color mixing effect can be generated. This is beneficial to improving the color richness of the display substrate 10, enabling the display substrate 10 to present a more delicate and realistic color display effect. It is also beneficial to improve the brightness and contrast of the image displayed by the display substrate 10, making the image displayed by the display substrate 10 clearer and more vivid.

[0226] For example, please continue reading Figure 19 and Figure 20 In the display substrate 10, the pixel unit Fa includes a first color light-emitting device F1, a second color light-emitting device F2, and a third color light-emitting device F3. The first color light-emitting device F1 generates a first color light spot 51, the second color light-emitting device F2 generates a second color light spot 52, and the third color light-emitting device F3 generates a third color light spot 53. When the first color light-emitting device F1, the second color light-emitting device F2, and the third color light-emitting device F3 in the same pixel unit Fa are arranged adjacent to each other in the same direction (e.g., the second direction Y), the first color light spot 51 generated by the first color light-emitting device F1, the second color light spot 52 generated by the second color light-emitting device F2, and the third color light spot 53 generated by the third color light-emitting device F3 can overlap with each other.

[0227] By having the first color light spot 51 generated by the first color light-emitting device F1, the second color light spot 52 generated by the second color light-emitting device F2, and the third color light spot 53 generated by the third color light-emitting device F3 overlap within the same pixel unit Fa, a color mixing effect can be generated. This is beneficial to further improve the color richness of the display substrate 10, enabling the display substrate 10 to present a more delicate and realistic color display effect. It is also beneficial to further improve the brightness and contrast of the image displayed by the display substrate 10, making the image displayed by the display substrate 10 clearer and more vivid.

[0228] For example, such as Figure 21 and Figure 22 As shown, Figure 21 and Figure 22 These are planar distribution diagrams of the first color light spot 51 corresponding to the first color light-emitting device F1, the second color light spot 52 corresponding to the second color light-emitting device F2, and the third color light spot 53 corresponding to the third color light-emitting device F3 within multiple pixel units Fa according to some embodiments. The light spots 3a corresponding to the light-emitting devices F in two adjacent pixel units Fa within the display substrate 10 do not overlap.

[0229] For example, please continue reading Figure 21 and Figure 22 When a pixel unit Fa in the display substrate 10 includes a first color light-emitting device F1, a second color light-emitting device F2, and a third color light-emitting device F3, in two adjacent pixel units Fa in the display substrate 10, there is no overlap between the first color light spot 51 corresponding to the first color light-emitting device F1 in one pixel unit Fa, and the first color light spot 51 generated by the first color light-emitting device F1, the second color light spot 52 generated by the second color light-emitting device F2, and the third color light spot 53 generated by the third color light-emitting device F3 in the other pixel unit Fa.

[0230] There is no overlap between the second color light spot 52 corresponding to the second color light-emitting device F2 in one pixel unit Fa and the first color light spot 51 generated by the first color light-emitting device F1, the second color light spot 52 generated by the second color light-emitting device F2, and the third color light spot 53 generated by the third color light-emitting device F3 in another pixel unit Fa.

[0231] There is no overlap between the third color light spot 53 corresponding to the third color light-emitting device F3 in one pixel unit Fa and the first color light spot 51 generated by the first color light-emitting device F1, the second color light spot 52 generated by the second color light-emitting device F2, and the third color light spot 53 generated by the third color light-emitting device F3 in another pixel unit Fa.

[0232] By ensuring that the light spots 3a corresponding to the light-emitting devices F in two adjacent pixel units Fa within the display substrate 10 do not overlap, each pixel unit Fa within the display substrate 10 can independently control its light-emitting area, thus avoiding mutual interference between the light emitted by two adjacent pixel units Fa. When displaying an image on the display substrate 10, each pixel unit Fa within the display substrate 10 can exhibit clear edges, making the image displayed by the display substrate 10 more delicate and realistic.

[0233] In some embodiments, please continue reading Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16One light-emitting device F can correspond to at least one light spot group 3m. Each light spot group 3m includes multiple light spots 3a arranged along the second direction Y, which is parallel to the substrate 1.

[0234] For example, please continue reading Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 Each spot group 3m includes at least a plurality of first spots 3ab arranged along the second direction Y.

[0235] For example, please continue reading Figure 13 and Figure 15 Multiple light spots 3a within a 3m light spot group can be arranged at intervals along the second direction Y. That is, among the multiple light spots 3a within a 3m light spot group, there is no contact between two adjacent light spots 3a.

[0236] Or, such as Figure 14 and Figure 16 As shown, two adjacent light spots 3a within the light spot group 3m can overlap in the third direction (i.e., the thickness direction of the substrate 1) Z.

[0237] For example, please continue reading Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 The distance d1 between the centers of any two adjacent light spots 3a within a light spot group of 3m can be equal.

[0238] In some embodiments, please continue reading Figure 13 and Figure 14 One light-emitting device F in the display substrate 10 can correspond to one light spot group 3m.

[0239] For example, please continue reading Figure 13 and Figure 14 In the case where a light-emitting device F in the display substrate 10 corresponds to only one light spot group 3m, the light spot group 3m corresponding to the light-emitting device F may include a second light spot 3aa and two first light spots 3ab, and the two first light spots 3ab are located on opposite sides of the second light spot 3aa along the second direction Y.

[0240] For example, please continue reading Figure 14 In the light spot group 3m corresponding to the light-emitting device F, there is a second light spot 3aa and two first light spots 3ab. The two first light spots 3ab are located on opposite sides of the second light spot 3aa along the second direction Y. When two adjacent light spots 3a in the light spot group 3m overlap in the third direction Z, there is no obvious connection interface between the two adjacent light spots 3a in the light spot group 3m. Multiple light spots 3a in the light spot group 3m can jointly form a bright spot with a large area.

[0241] In other embodiments, please continue to refer to Figure 15 and Figure 16 One light-emitting device F within the display substrate 10 can correspond to multiple light spot groups 3m.

[0242] For example, please continue reading Figure 15 and Figure 16 In the case where a light-emitting device F corresponds to multiple light spot groups 3m, the multiple light spot groups 3m can be arranged along the first direction X, the first direction X intersects with the second direction Y, and the first direction X is parallel to the substrate 1.

[0243] For example, the first direction X can be perpendicular to the second direction Y.

[0244] For example, please continue reading Figure 15 In the case where one light-emitting device F corresponds to multiple light spot groups 3m within the display substrate 10, the multiple light spot groups 3m corresponding to one light-emitting device F can be arranged at intervals along the first direction X. That is, in the multiple light spot groups 3m corresponding to one light-emitting device F, there is no contact between two adjacent light spot groups 3m along the first direction X. Specifically, in the multiple light spot groups 3m corresponding to one light-emitting device F, there is no contact between the light spots 3a in two adjacent light spot groups 3m along the first direction X.

[0245] Alternatively, please continue reading Figure 16 In a light-emitting device F, among multiple light spot groups 3m, two adjacent light spot groups 3m can overlap in the third direction (i.e., the thickness direction of the substrate 1) Z.

[0246] For example, please continue reading Figure 16 In a light-emitting device F, there are multiple light spot groups 3m, and two adjacent light spot groups 3m overlap in the third direction Z. When two adjacent light spots 3a within a light spot group 3m overlap in the third direction Z, there is no obvious connection interface between the two adjacent light spot groups 3m and between the two adjacent light spots 3a within a light spot group 3m. The multiple light spots 3a within the multiple light spot groups 3m corresponding to a light-emitting device F can jointly form a bright spot with a large area.

[0247] For example, please continue reading Figure 15 and Figure 16 In a light-emitting device F, among multiple light spot groups 3m, along the first direction X, the distance d2 between the centers of any two adjacent light spot groups 3m can be equal.

[0248] For example, please continue reading Figure 15 and Figure 16In a light-emitting device F, the distance d2 between the centers of adjacent light spots 3a in two adjacent light spot groups 3m in the first direction X can be different from the distance d1 between the centers of two adjacent light spots 3a in each light spot group 3m in the second direction Y.

[0249] Alternatively, in a plurality of light spot groups 3m corresponding to a light-emitting device F, the distance d2 between the centers of adjacent light spots 3a in two adjacent light spot groups 3m in the first direction X can be the same as the distance d1 between the centers of two adjacent light spots 3a in each light spot group 3m in the second direction Y.

[0250] For example, please continue reading Figure 15 and Figure 16 In the case where one light-emitting device F within the display substrate 10 corresponds to multiple light spot groups 3m, one light-emitting device F can correspond to three light spot groups 3m, and each light spot group 3m can include three light spots 3a. The middle light spot group 3m within the three light spot groups 3m can include one second light spot 3aa and two first light spots 3ab, with the first light spots 3ab located on opposite sides of the second light spot 3aa along the second direction Y. The light spot groups 3m on both sides within the three light spot groups 3m can each include three first light spots 3ab, and the three first light spots 3ab can be arranged along the second direction Y.

[0251] The following embodiments may include a detailed description of the optical modulation layer 3 described above.

[0252] In some embodiments, such as Figure 23 , Figure 24 , Figure 25 and Figure 26 As shown, Figure 23 and Figure 25 All of these are cross-sectional structural diagrams of the first grating structure 31 within the optical modulation layer 3 according to some embodiments. Figure 24 and Figure 26 These are all planar structural diagrams of the first grating structure 31 within the optical modulation layer 3 according to some embodiments. The optical modulation layer 3 within the display substrate 10 may include the first grating structure 31.

[0253] For example, the first grating structure 31 can be a continuously distributed structure arranged in the whole layer. For example, the orthographic projection of the first grating structure 31 on the substrate 1 completely covers the orthographic projection of each light-emitting device F on the substrate 1.

[0254] For example, the first grating structure 31 may include a one-dimensional periodic grating.

[0255] For example, please continue reading Figure 23 , Figure 24 , Figure 25 and Figure 26The first grating structure 31 within the optical modulation layer 3 may include a first material layer 311 and a second material layer 312 stacked along a direction away from the substrate 1. The first material layer 311 may include a plurality of first grooves 311a extending along a first direction X or a second direction Y, the plurality of first grooves 311a being periodically arranged, and the second material layer 312 being at least partially located within the first grooves 311a.

[0256] For example, please continue reading Figure 25 and Figure 26 and combined Figure 9A , Figure 10A and Figure 11A The optical modulation layer 3 within the display substrate 10 may include a sub-optical modulation layer 3T, which includes a first grating structure 31. The first grating structure 31 may include a first material layer 311 and a second material layer 312 sequentially stacked along a direction away from the substrate 1. The first material layer 311 may include a plurality of first grooves 311a extending along a first direction X, and the plurality of first grooves 311a may be periodically arranged along a second direction Y. The second material layer 312 is at least partially located within the first grooves 311a.

[0257] Please continue reading. Figure 25 and Figure 26 and combined Figure 9A , Figure 10A , Figure 11A , Figure 13 and Figure 14 The optical modulation layer 3 within the display substrate 10 includes a sub-optical modulation layer 3T. The sub-optical modulation layer 3T includes a first grating structure 31, and the first material layer 311 within the first grating structure 31 includes a plurality of first grooves 311a extending along the second direction Y. The plurality of first grooves 311a are periodically arranged along the first direction X. When the second material layer 312 is at least partially located within the first grooves 311a, light emitted by a light-emitting device F within the display substrate 10 is transmitted through the optical modulation layer 3 to form a light spot group 3m. That is, one light-emitting device F within the display substrate 10 corresponds to one light spot group 3m.

[0258] For details, please continue reading Figure 13 and Figure 14 The light spot group 3m corresponding to the light-emitting device F may include a second light spot 3aa and two first light spots 3ab. The two first light spots 3ab may be located on opposite sides of the second light spot 3aa along the second direction Y.

[0259] For example, please continue reading Figure 23 , Figure 24 , Figure 25 and Figure 26 and combined Figure 9B , Figure 9C , Figure 10B , Figure 10C , Figure 11B and Figure 11C The optical modulation layer 3 within the display substrate 10 may include at least two sub-optical modulation layers 3T stacked together. Two of the at least two sub-optical modulation layers 3T each include a first grating structure 31, which comprises a one-dimensional periodic grating. The periodic arrangement direction of the first grating structure 31 corresponding to one of the two sub-optical modulation layers 3T may be a first direction X, and the periodic arrangement direction of the first grating structure 31 corresponding to the other sub-optical modulation layer 3T may be a second direction Y.

[0260] For details, please continue reading Figure 23 and Figure 24 and combined Figure 9B , Figure 9C , Figure 10B , Figure 10C , Figure 11B and Figure 11C The first grating structure 31 within one of the two sub-optical modulation layers 3T may include a first material layer 311 and a second material layer 312 sequentially stacked along a direction away from the substrate 1. The first material layer 311 may include a plurality of first grooves 311a extending along a second direction Y, and the plurality of first grooves 311a may be periodically arranged along a first direction X. The second material layer 312 is at least partially located within the first grooves 311a.

[0261] Please continue reading. Figure 25 and Figure 26 and combined Figure 9B , Figure 9C , Figure 10B , Figure 10C , Figure 11B and Figure 11C The first grating structure 31 within the other of the two sub-optical modulation layers 3T may include a first material layer 311 and a second material layer 312 sequentially stacked along a direction away from the substrate 1. The first material layer 311 may include a plurality of first grooves 311a extending along a first direction X, and the plurality of first grooves 311a may be periodically arranged along a second direction Y. The second material layer 312 is at least partially located within the first grooves 311a.

[0262] Please continue reading. Figure 23 , Figure 24 , Figure 25 and Figure 26 and combined Figure 9B , Figure 9C , Figure 10B , Figure 10C , Figure 11B , Figure 11C , Figure 15 and Figure 16 In the display substrate 10, each of the two sub-optical modulation layers 3T in the optical modulation layer 3 includes a first grating structure 31. If the periodic arrangement direction of the first grating structure 31 corresponding to one of the sub-optical modulation layers 3T is the first direction X, and the periodic arrangement direction of the first grating structure 31 corresponding to the other sub-optical modulation layer 3T is the second direction Y, then the light emitted by one light-emitting device F in the display substrate 10 forms multiple light spot groups 3m through the optical modulation layer 3. That is, one light-emitting device F in the display substrate 10 corresponds to multiple light spot groups 3m.

[0263] For details, please continue reading Figure 15 and Figure 16 One light-emitting device F can correspond to three light spot groups 3m, and each light spot group 3m can include three light spots 3a. The middle light spot group 3m within the three light spot groups 3m can include one second light spot 3aa and two first light spots 3ab, with the first light spots 3ab located on opposite sides of the second light spot 3aa along the second direction Y. The two light spot groups 3m on both sides within the three light spot groups 3m can each include three first light spots 3ab, and the three first light spots 3ab can be arranged along the second direction Y.

[0264] For example, please continue reading Figure 23 , Figure 24 , Figure 25 and Figure 26 When the first grating structure 31 in the optical modulation layer 3 includes a first material layer 311 and a second material layer 312, the refractive index of the material of the first material layer 311 and the refractive index of the material of the second material layer 312 in the first grating structure 31 are different.

[0265] For example, please continue reading Figure 23 and Figure 25 and combined Figure 7 The ratio of the distance d3 between the centers of two adjacent first grooves 311a and the distance L1 between the centers of two adjacent pixel units Fa and light-emitting devices F of the same color can be greater than or equal to 1 / 10 and less than or equal to 1 / 2.

[0266] For example, please continue reading Figure 23 and combined Figure 7The first material layer 311 within the first grating structure 31 includes a plurality of first grooves 311a extending along the second direction Y. When the plurality of first grooves 311a are periodically arranged along the first direction X, the ratio of the distance d3 between the centers of two adjacent first grooves 311a and the distance L1 between the centers of two adjacent pixel units Fa with the same color light-emitting devices F can be greater than or equal to 1 / 10 and less than or equal to 1 / 2.

[0267] For details, please continue reading Figure 23 and combined Figure 7 Along the first direction X, the ratio of the distance d3 between the centers of two adjacent first grooves 311a and the distance L1 between the centers of two adjacent pixel units Fa with the same color light-emitting devices F can be 1 / 10, 1 / 5, 3 / 10, 2 / 5 or 1 / 2, etc.

[0268] For example, please continue reading Figure 25 and combined Figure 7 The first material layer 311 within the first grating structure 31 includes a plurality of first grooves 311a extending along the first direction X. When the plurality of first grooves 311a are periodically arranged along the second direction Y, the ratio of the distance d3 between the centers of two adjacent first grooves 311a and the distance L1 between the centers of light-emitting devices F of the same color in two adjacent pixel units Fa along the second direction Y can be greater than or equal to 1 / 10 and less than or equal to 1 / 2.

[0269] For details, please continue reading Figure 25 and combined Figure 7 Along the second direction Y, the ratio of the distance d3 between the centers of two adjacent first grooves 311a and the distance L1 between the centers of two adjacent pixel units Fa with the same color light-emitting devices F can be 1 / 10, 1 / 5, 3 / 10, 2 / 5 or 1 / 2, etc.

[0270] For example, please continue reading Figure 23 and Figure 25 The distance d3 between the centers of two adjacent first grooves 311a can be 0.6μm-2μm.

[0271] For example, please continue reading Figure 23 The first material layer 311 within the first grating structure 31 includes a plurality of first grooves 311a extending along the second direction Y. When the plurality of first grooves 311a are periodically arranged along the first direction X, the spacing d3 between the centers of two adjacent first grooves 311a along the first direction X can be 0.6μm-2μm.

[0272] For details, please continue reading Figure 23Along the first direction X, the distance d3 between the centers of two adjacent first grooves 311a can be 0.6μm, 0.8μm, 1μm, 1.2μm, 1.5μm, 1.8μm or 2μm, etc.

[0273] For example, please continue reading Figure 25 The first material layer 311 within the first grating structure 31 includes a plurality of first grooves 311a extending along the first direction X. When the plurality of first grooves 311a are periodically arranged along the second direction Y, the spacing d3 between the centers of two adjacent first grooves 311a along the second direction Y can be 0.6μm-2μm.

[0274] For details, please continue reading Figure 25 Along the second direction Y, the distance d3 between the centers of two adjacent first grooves 311a can be 0.6μm, 0.8μm, 1μm, 1.2μm, 1.5μm, 1.8μm or 2μm, etc.

[0275] For example, please continue reading Figure 23 and Figure 25 In the case where the first grating structure 31 within the optical modulation layer 3 includes a first material layer 311, the first material layer 311 may further include a first continuous sublayer 3112 located between the first groove 311a and the substrate 1. The first continuous sublayer 3112 is continuously distributed.

[0276] For example, please continue reading Figure 23 and Figure 25 In the case where the optical modulation layer 3 within the display substrate 10 includes a second material layer 312, the second material layer 312 may further include a second continuous sublayer 3121 located on the side of the first groove 311a away from the substrate 1. The second continuous sublayer 3121 is continuously distributed.

[0277] For example, please continue reading Figure 9B , Figure 10B and Figure 11B In the case where the optical modulation layer 3 in the display substrate 10 includes at least two sub-optical modulation layers 3T stacked together, the at least two sub-optical modulation layers 3T in the optical modulation layer 3 can be in contact with each other.

[0278] For example, such as Figure 27 As shown, Figure 27This is a cross-sectional view of a partial region of a display substrate 10 according to some embodiments. Each first grating structure 31 within a sub-optical modulation layer 3T of the optical modulation layer 3 includes a first material layer 311 and a second material layer 312 stacked along a direction away from the substrate 1. The first material layer 311 includes a plurality of first grooves 311a extending along a first direction X or a second direction Y. The plurality of first grooves 311a are periodically arranged. When the second material layer 312 is at least partially located within the first grooves 311a, the second material layer 312 of the sub-optical modulation layer 3T near the substrate 1 can directly contact the first material layer 311 of the adjacent sub-optical modulation layer 3T away from the substrate 1.

[0279] Alternatively, please continue reading Figure 9C , Figure 10C and Figure 11C In the case where the optical modulation layer 3 within the display substrate 10 comprises at least two stacked sub-optical modulation layers 3T, the display substrate 10 may further include a spacer layer 6. The spacer layer 6 is located between two adjacent sub-optical modulation layers 3T.

[0280] Specifically, such as Figure 28 As shown, Figure 28 This is a cross-sectional view of a partial area of ​​the display substrate 10 according to some embodiments. Each sub-optical modulation layer 3T within the optical modulation layer 3 includes a first material layer 311 and a second material layer 312 stacked along a direction away from the substrate 1. The first material layer 311 includes a plurality of first grooves 311a extending along a first direction X or a second direction Y. The plurality of first grooves 311a are periodically arranged. When the second material layer 312 is at least partially located within the first grooves 311a, the spacer layer 6 may be located between two adjacent sub-optical modulation layers 3T.

[0281] For example, please continue reading Figure 28 When the display substrate 10 includes a spacer layer 6, the spacer layer 6 may include a first spacer sublayer 61. The material of the first spacer sublayer 61 may include at least one of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyimide (PI).

[0282] For example, the material of the first spacer sublayer 61 within the spacer layer 6 may include polyethylene terephthalate and polyimide, etc.

[0283] For example, the material of the first spacer sublayer 61 within the spacer layer 6 may include multiple (two or more) of polyethylene terephthalate and polyimide.

[0284] For example, please continue reading Figure 28 In the case where the display substrate 10 includes a spacer layer 6, and the spacer layer 6 includes a first spacer sublayer 61, the spacer layer 6 may further include a second spacer sublayer 62. The second spacer sublayer 62 may be located on the side of the first spacer sublayer 61 closer to the substrate 1. The material of the second spacer sublayer 62 may include at least one of epoxy resin and acrylic resin.

[0285] For example, the material of the second spacer sublayer 62 within the spacer layer 6 may include one of epoxy resin and acrylic resin, etc.

[0286] For example, the material of the second spacer sublayer 62 within the spacer layer 6 may include multiple (two or more) of epoxy resin and acrylic resin.

[0287] In other embodiments, such as Figure 29 and Figure 30 As shown, Figure 29 This is a cross-sectional view of the second grating structure 32 within the optical modulation layer 3 according to some embodiments. Figure 30 This is a plan view of the second grating structure 32 within the optical modulation layer 3 according to some embodiments. The optical modulation layer 3 within the display substrate 10 may include the second grating structure 32.

[0288] For example, the second grating structure 32 can be a continuously distributed structure arranged throughout the entire layer. For instance, the orthographic projection of the second grating structure 32 onto the substrate 1 completely covers the orthographic projection of each light-emitting device F onto the substrate 1.

[0289] For example, the second grating structure 32 may include a two-dimensional periodic grating.

[0290] For example, please continue reading Figure 29 and Figure 30 and combined Figure 9A , Figure 10A and Figure 11A In the case where the optical modulation layer 3 within the display substrate 10 includes a second grating structure 32, and the second grating structure 32 includes a two-dimensional periodic grating, the second grating structure 32 may include a first material layer 311 and a second material layer 312 stacked along a direction away from the substrate 1. The first material layer 311 may include a plurality of second grooves 312a arranged in an array, the second grooves 312a being periodically spaced from each other, and the second material layer 312 may be at least partially located within the second grooves 312a.

[0291] For example, the first direction X and the second direction Y can be two array arrangement directions of the second groove 312a in the first material layer 311, the first direction X and the second direction Y intersect, and the first direction X and the second direction Y are parallel to the substrate 1.

[0292] Please continue reading. Figure 29 and Figure 30 and combined Figure 9A , Figure 10A , Figure 11A , Figure 15 and Figure 16 The optical modulation layer 3 within the display substrate 10 includes a second grating structure 32, which comprises a two-dimensional periodic grating. The first material layer 311 within the second grating structure 32 includes a plurality of second grooves 312a arranged in an array. The second grooves 312a are periodically spaced apart from each other. When the second material layer 312 is at least partially located within the second grooves 312a, light emitted from a light-emitting device F within the display substrate 10 can form multiple light spot groups 3m via the optical modulation layer 3. That is, one light-emitting device F within the display substrate 10 corresponds to multiple light spot groups 3m.

[0293] For example, please continue reading Figure 15 and Figure 16 One light-emitting device F can correspond to three light spot groups 3m, and each light spot group 3m can include three light spots 3a. The middle light spot group 3m within the three light spot groups 3m can include one second light spot 3aa and two first light spots 3ab, with the first light spots 3ab located on opposite sides of the second light spot 3aa along the second direction Y. The two light spot groups 3m on both sides within the three light spot groups 3m can each include three first light spots 3ab, and the three first light spots 3ab can be arranged along the second direction Y.

[0294] For example, please continue reading Figure 29 and Figure 30 When the optical modulation layer 3 in the display substrate 10 includes a first material layer 311 and a second material layer 312, the refractive index of the material of the first material layer 311 and the refractive index of the material of the second material layer 312 in the optical modulation layer 3 are different.

[0295] For example, please continue reading Figure 29 and combined Figure 7 When the first direction X and the second direction Y are the two array arrangement directions of the second groove 312a in the first material layer 311, along the first direction X, the ratio of the distance d4 between the centers of two adjacent second grooves 312a and the distance L1 between the centers of the same color light-emitting devices F in two adjacent pixel units Fa can be greater than or equal to 1 / 10 and less than or equal to 1 / 2.

[0296] For example, please continue reading Figure 29 and combined Figure 7Along the first direction X, the ratio of the distance d4 between the centers of two adjacent second grooves 312a and the distance L1 between the centers of two adjacent pixel units Fa with the same color light-emitting devices F can be 1 / 10, 1 / 5, 3 / 10, 2 / 5 or 1 / 2, etc.

[0297] For example, please continue reading Figure 30 and combined Figure 7 When the first direction X and the second direction Y are the two array arrangement directions of the second groove 312a in the first material layer 311, along the second direction Y, the ratio of the distance d5 between the centers of two adjacent second grooves 312a and the distance L1 between the centers of the same color light-emitting devices F in two adjacent pixel units Fa can be greater than or equal to 1 / 10 and less than or equal to 1 / 2.

[0298] For example, please continue reading Figure 30 and combined Figure 7 Along the second direction Y, the ratio of the distance d4 between the centers of two adjacent second grooves 312a and the distance L1 between the centers of two adjacent pixel units Fa with the same color light-emitting devices F can be 1 / 10, 1 / 5, 3 / 10, 2 / 5 or 1 / 2, etc.

[0299] For example, please continue reading Figure 29 When the first direction X and the second direction Y are the two array arrangement directions of the second groove 312a in the first material layer 311, the distance d4 between the centers of two adjacent second grooves 312a can be 0.6μm-2μm along the first direction X.

[0300] For example, please continue reading Figure 29 Along the first direction X, the distance d4 between the centers of two adjacent second grooves 312a can be 0.6μm, 0.8μm, 1μm, 1.2μm, 1.5μm, 1.8μm or 2μm, etc.

[0301] For example, please continue reading Figure 30 When the first direction X and the second direction Y are the two array arrangement directions of the second groove 312a in the first material layer 311, the spacing d5 between the centers of two adjacent second grooves 312a along the second direction Y can be 0.6μm-2μm.

[0302] For example, please continue reading Figure 30 Along the second direction Y, the distance d5 between the centers of two adjacent second grooves 312a can be 0.6μm, 0.8μm, 1μm, 1.2μm, 1.5μm, 1.8μm or 2μm, etc.

[0303] For example, please continue reading Figure 29 In the case where the optical modulation layer 3 in the display substrate 10 includes a first material layer 311, the first material layer 311 may further include a first continuous sublayer 3112 located between the second groove 312a and the substrate 1. The first continuous sublayer 3112 is continuously distributed.

[0304] For example, please continue reading Figure 29 In the case where the optical modulation layer 3 in the display substrate 10 includes a second material layer 312, the second material layer 312 may further include a second continuous sublayer 3121 located on the side of the second groove 312a away from the substrate 1. The first continuous sublayer 3121 is continuously distributed.

[0305] In some other embodiments, such as Figure 39 , Figure 40 , Figure 41 As shown, Figure 39 This is a planar structural diagram of the optical modulation layer 3 within the display substrate 10 according to some embodiments. Figure 40 and Figure 41 All Figure 39 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the display substrate 10 along section line AA'. The display substrate 10 includes an optical modulation layer 3. The optical modulation layer 3 includes a light-shielding layer G with a light-transmitting opening E.

[0306] For example, please continue reading Figure 39 , Figure 40 and Figure 41 The light-shielding layer G can be a continuously distributed structure that is set throughout the entire layer. For example, the orthographic projection of the light-shielding layer G on the substrate 1 can completely cover the orthographic projection of each light-emitting device F on the substrate 1.

[0307] Please continue reading. Figure 39 , Figure 40 and Figure 41 and combined Figure 15 The light-shielding layer G modulates the light emitted by the light-emitting element F into multiple light-transmitting openings E, thereby forming multiple light spots 3a. Each of the multiple first-type openings E1 corresponds to a multiple first light spot 3ab. In the orthographic projection onto the substrate 1, the centers of the multiple first-type openings E1 surround the center of the light-emitting device F. Therefore, the centers of the multiple first light spots 3ab surround the center of the light-emitting device F, which helps reduce the brightness of the light spot 3a at the center position. This, in turn, helps to alleviate or eliminate the problem of extreme brightness differences (i.e., glare) observed by the human eye when viewing the display substrate 10, thus reducing eye discomfort and improving the display effect of the display substrate 10, providing a more comfortable visual experience.

[0308] For example, please continue reading Figure 39In the orthographic projection onto substrate 1, the orthographic projections of multiple first-type openings E1 onto substrate 1 do not overlap with the orthographic projections of the light-emitting device F onto substrate 1.

[0309] For example, please continue reading Figure 39 The area of ​​the first type of opening E1 is smaller than the light-emitting area of ​​a light-emitting device F.

[0310] For example, please continue reading Figure 39 The light-transmitting opening E also includes a second type of opening E2. In the orthographic projection onto the substrate 1, the center of the second type of opening E2 is located within the light-emitting area of ​​the light-emitting device F.

[0311] For example, please continue reading Figure 39 In the orthographic projection onto the substrate 1, the center of the second type of opening E2 coincides with the center of the light-emitting area of ​​the light-emitting device F.

[0312] For example, please continue reading Figure 39 The area of ​​the second type of opening E2 can be smaller than the light-emitting area of ​​a single light-emitting element F, which helps to reduce the brightness of the light spot 3a at the middle position and provides a more comfortable visual experience.

[0313] For example, please continue reading Figure 39 Multiple light-transmitting openings are arranged in an E-array.

[0314] For example, the material of the light-shielding layer G may include a resin doped with a black dye. For instance, the black dye may include carbon black.

[0315] For example, the material of the light-shielding layer G may include a molybdenum metal layer.

[0316] refer to Figure 40 and Figure 41 To improve the utilization rate of light emitted by the light-emitting device F, the light-shielding layer G includes a first reflective layer G1. The first reflective layer G1 can reflect light that does not exit through the light-transmitting opening E, so that it can be recycled again through the substrate 1 side. The reflective material carried on the substrate 1 is, for example, at least one of white ink, a metal layer in the driving layer 12, or a DBR structure in the light-emitting device. This application does not impose any limitation, as long as the reflective effect can be achieved.

[0317] Preferably, the display substrate 10 includes a second reflective layer G2 located on the side of the driving layer 12 away from the substrate 1. The second reflective layer G2 is disposed away from the light-emitting device F. The material of the second reflective layer G2 can be metal or white ink; this application does not impose any limiting provisions, as long as the reflective effect can be achieved. For example, the second reflective layer G2 can be a continuously distributed structure. The first reflective layer G1 and the second reflective layer G2 cooperate with each other, allowing light to be reflected multiple times between them until it exits from the light-transmitting opening E, thus further improving the utilization rate of light.

[0318] For example, refer to Figure 40 The light-shielding layer G is composed of a first reflective layer G1, which serves to block light at a location other than the light-transmitting opening E. The first reflective layer G1 includes a first opening G11, which is the light-transmitting opening E.

[0319] For example, the material of the first reflective layer G1 can be reflective metal or white ink. This application does not impose any limiting provisions, as long as the reflective effect can be achieved.

[0320] For example, refer to Figure 41 The light-shielding layer G also includes an auxiliary light-shielding layer GF located on the side of the first reflective layer G1 away from the substrate 1. The auxiliary light-shielding layer GF includes a second opening G12. The orthographic projection of the first opening G11 onto the substrate 1 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the second opening G12 onto the substrate 1, and the overlapping portion forms a light-transmitting opening E. Since the auxiliary light-shielding layer GF cannot transmit light, when the human eye observes the display substrate 10, the reflection from the first reflective layer G1 will not be observed, providing a more comfortable visual experience. For example, the auxiliary light-shielding layer GF appears black.

[0321] For example, refer to Figure 40 and Figure 41 The display substrate 10 also includes a first light-absorbing layer R1 located on the side of the optical modulation layer 3 away from the substrate 1. The first light-absorbing layer R1 can absorb some of the light emitted from the light-transmitting opening E without changing the color of the light emitted from the light-transmitting opening E. The first light-absorbing layer R1 can be understood as a semi-transparent film layer. Thus, when the human eye observes the display substrate 10, especially when the display substrate 10 is not lit, the display substrate 10 appears uniformly black, providing a better visual experience. For example, the first light-absorbing layer R1 may appear black or dark gray.

[0322] For example, refer to Figure 40 and Figure 41 The display substrate 10 also includes a spacer layer G3 located between the substrate 1 and the optical modulation layer 3, the spacer layer G3 surrounding one or more light-emitting devices F. For example, the spacer layer G3 can serve a supporting function, providing space for light propagation between the optical modulation layer 3 and the light-emitting devices F. For example, see reference... Figure 39 The spacer dam layer G3 may include multiple spacer dam units G31 that are independently arranged around the corresponding light-emitting device F. It is understood that the spacer dam units G31 may not be independently arranged; for example, the spacer dam layer G3 between adjacent light-emitting devices F may be shared.

[0323] For example, the material of the spacer dam layer G3 may include at least one of light-absorbing material, reflective material, and light-scattering material. Preferably, the material of the spacer dam layer G3 includes a reflective material or a light-scattering material, so that the spacer dam layer G3, in conjunction with at least one of the first reflective layer G1 and the second reflective layer G2, further improves the utilization rate of light.

[0324] For example, the space formed between the optical modulation layer 3 and the light-emitting device F can be filled with air or a transparent material, such as a transparent resin. For instance, the transparent material can be doped with a light-scattering material, such as silica particles, titanium dioxide particles, or organic microspheres.

[0325] Exemplarily, the display substrate 10 further includes a substrate layer 81, located on the side of the optical modulation layer 3 away from the substrate 1. For example, the material of the substrate layer 81 includes at least one of polyethylene terephthalate and polyimide. For example, the substrate layer 81 can be a cover plate, and when the substrate layer 51 is used as a cover plate, the material of the substrate layer 81 can be glass.

[0326] For example, the substrate layer 81 is a cover plate, and the spacer dam layer G3 and the cover plate cooperate to form a space between the optical modulation layer 3 and the light-emitting device F. The optical modulation layer 3 can be fabricated on the substrate layer 81 and then mated with the substrate 1 side, supported by the spacer dam layer G3, thereby forming the display substrate 10. Specifically, before mating, the spacer dam layer G3 can be fabricated on the substrate 1 side or on the substrate layer 81 side.

[0327] For example, the surface treatment layer 82 can be obtained by processing the surface of the substrate layer 81 through processes such as roller embossing and etching.

[0328] For example, the material of the substrate layer 81 may also include at least one of polyethylene terephthalate and polyimide.

[0329] In some embodiments, please continue reading Figure 9A , Figure 9B , Figure 9C , Figure 10A , Figure 10B , Figure 10C , Figure 11A , Figure 11B and Figure 11C and combined Figure 7 Along the thickness direction of the substrate 1 (i.e., the third direction Z), the ratio of the distance h1 between the side surface of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1 and the side surface of the optical modulation layer 3 close to the substrate 1, and the distance L1 between the centers of the light-emitting devices F of the same color in two adjacent pixel units Fa can be less than or equal to 1 / 3.

[0330] When the display device 100 is a splicing display device, the display device 100 includes a plurality of spliced ​​display substrates 10. By making the ratio of the distance h1 between the side surface of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1 and the side surface of the optical modulation layer 3 close to the substrate 1 along the thickness direction of the substrate 1, and the distance L1 between the centers of the same color light-emitting devices F in two adjacent pixel units Fa less than or equal to 1 / 3, the distance h1 between the side surface of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1 and the side surface of the optical modulation layer 3 close to the substrate 1 along the thickness direction of the substrate 1 is smaller. This helps to reduce the probability of light leakage at the seam of two adjacent display substrates 10, thereby improving the display effect of the display substrates 10, and thus improving the display effect of the display device 100.

[0331] For example, please continue reading Figure 9A , Figure 9B , Figure 9C , Figure 10A , Figure 10B , Figure 10C , Figure 11A , Figure 11B and Figure 11C and combined Figure 7 Along the thickness direction of the substrate 1, the ratio of the distance h1 between the side surface of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1 and the side surface of the optical modulation layer 3 close to the substrate 1, and the distance L1 between the centers of the same color light-emitting devices F in two adjacent pixel units Fa can be 1 / 3, 1 / 4, 1 / 5 or 1 / 6, etc.

[0332] For example, please continue reading Figure 9A , Figure 9B , Figure 9C , Figure 10A , Figure 10B , Figure 10C , Figure 11A , Figure 11B and Figure 11C and combined Figure 7 When the distance L1 between the centers of the same color light-emitting devices F in two adjacent pixel units Fa is 1.25 mm, along the thickness direction of the substrate 1, the distance h1 between the side surface of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1 and the side surface of the optical modulation layer 3 close to the substrate 1 can be greater than or equal to 100 μm and less than or equal to 300 μm.

[0333] For example, please continue reading Figure 9B , Figure 9C , Figure 10B , Figure 10C , Figure 11B and Figure 11C and combined Figure 7In the case where the optical modulation layer 3 in the display substrate 10 includes at least two sub-optical modulation layers 3T stacked together, along the thickness direction of the substrate 1 (i.e., the third direction Z), the ratio of the distance h1 between the side surface of each sub-optical modulation layer 3T close to the substrate 1 and the side surface of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1, and the distance L1 between the centers of the light-emitting devices F of the same color in two adjacent pixel units Fa, can be less than or equal to 1 / 3.

[0334] When the display device 100 includes a plurality of display substrates 10 spliced ​​together, by making the ratio of the distance h1 between the side surface of each sub-optical modulation layer 3T in the optical modulation layer 3 near the substrate 1 and the side surface of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1 along the thickness direction of the substrate 1, and the distance L1 between the centers of the same color light-emitting devices F in two adjacent pixel units Fa less than or equal to 1 / 3, the distance h1 between the side surface of each sub-optical modulation layer 3T in the optical modulation layer 3 near the substrate 1 and the side surface of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1 along the thickness direction of the substrate 1 is smaller. This is beneficial to further reduce the probability of light leakage at the seam of two adjacent display substrates 10, thereby further improving the display effect of the display substrates 10, and thus further improving the display effect of the display device 100.

[0335] For example, please continue reading Figure 9A , Figure 9B , Figure 9C , Figure 10A , Figure 10B , Figure 10C , Figure 11A , Figure 11B and Figure 11C Along the thickness direction of the substrate 1 (i.e., the third direction Z), the distance h1 between the surface of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1 and the surface of the optical modulation layer 3 close to the substrate 1 can be greater than or equal to 100 μm and less than or equal to 900 μm.

[0336] For example, please continue reading Figure 9A , Figure 9B , Figure 9C , Figure 10A , Figure 10B , Figure 10C , Figure 11A , Figure 11B and Figure 11C Along the thickness direction of the substrate 1 (i.e., the third direction Z), the spacing h1 between the surface of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1 and the surface of the optical modulation layer 3 close to the substrate 1 can be 100μm, 200μm, 300μm, 400μm, 500μm, 600μm, 700μm, 800μm or 900μm, etc.

[0337] Please continue reading. Figure 9B , Figure 9C , Figure 10B , Figure 10C , Figure 11B and Figure 11C and combined Figure 7 In the case where the optical modulation layer 3 in the display substrate 10 includes at least two sub-optical modulation layers 3T stacked together, along the thickness direction of the substrate 1 (i.e., the third direction Z), the distance h1 between the side surface of each sub-optical modulation layer 3T close to the substrate 1 and the side surface of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1 can be greater than or equal to 100 μm and less than or equal to 900 μm.

[0338] Please continue reading. Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 The distance d1 between the centers of any two adjacent light spots 3a within a light spot group 3m corresponding to the light-emitting device F, and the distance d2 between the centers of any two adjacent light spots 3a within a light spot group 3m along the first direction X in the case of multiple light spot groups 3m corresponding to one light-emitting device F, are both related to the parameters of the optical modulation layer 3 in the display substrate 10. The following explanation uses the relationship between the distance d1 between the centers of any two adjacent light spots 3a within a light spot group 3m corresponding to the light-emitting device F and the parameters of the optical modulation layer 3 as an example.

[0339] In some embodiments, such as Figure 31 As shown, and in combination Figure 9A , Figure 10A , Figure 11A , Figure 12 , Figure 25 and Figure 26 , Figure 31 This is a planar distribution diagram of the light-emitting devices F within multiple pixel units Fa according to some embodiments, corresponding to light spots 3a. The calculation method for the distance d1 between the centers of any two adjacent light spots 3a within the light spot group 3m is as follows:

[0340] d1 = h1 × tanθ

[0341] sinθ=k×λ÷d3

[0342] Where θ represents the angle of light, k represents the diffraction order, λ represents the wavelength, and d3 represents the distance between the centers of two adjacent first grooves 311a (e.g., in...). Figure 25 In the embodiment shown, d3 represents the distance between the centers of two adjacent first grooves 311a along the second direction Y.

[0343] For example, taking a wavelength λ of 530nm as an example, the correspondence between the spacing d3 between the centers of two adjacent first grooves 311a, the spacing h1 between the surface of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1 and the surface of the optical modulation layer 3 close to the substrate 1 along the thickness direction of the substrate 1 (i.e., the third direction Z), and the spacing d1 between the centers of any two adjacent light spots 3a within the light spot group 3m can be shown in the table below.

[0344]

[0345]

[0346] For example, please continue reading Figure 31 When the light spot group 3m corresponding to the light-emitting device F includes three light spots 3a, when the ratio of the distance d1 between the centers of any two adjacent light spots 3a in the light spot group 3m to the distance L1 between the centers of the same color light-emitting devices F in two adjacent pixel units Fa along the second direction Y is 1 / 3, the ratio of the minimum distance L2 between the centers of the light spots 3a corresponding to the same color light-emitting devices F in two adjacent pixel units Fa along the second direction Y to the distance L1 between the centers of the same color light-emitting devices F in two adjacent pixel units Fa along the second direction Y is also 1 / 3. In this case, the distribution of the light spots 3a corresponding to each light-emitting device F is relatively uniform, which is beneficial for optimizing the moiré pattern when displaying a pure color image on the display substrate 10, thereby improving the display effect of the display substrate 10.

[0347] When the ratio of the minimum distance L2 between the centers of light spots 3a of the same color in two adjacent pixel units Fa along the second direction Y to the distance L1 between the centers of light spots F of the same color in two adjacent pixel units Fa along the second direction Y is greater than 1 / 3, the ratio of the distance d1 between the centers of any two adjacent light spots 3a in the light spot group 3m to the distance L1 between the centers of light spots F of the same color in two adjacent pixel units Fa along the second direction Y is less than 1 / 3. At this time, the brightness of the light spot 3a at the middle position in the light spot group 3m is... The brightness may be high. In order to reduce the brightness of the light spot 3a in the middle position within the light spot group 3m, the distance d1 between the centers of any two adjacent light spots 3a within the light spot group 3m can be made greater than the size of the light-emitting device F. This allows multiple light spots 3a within the light spot group 3m to be arranged at intervals, which helps to reduce the brightness of the light spot 3a in the middle position within the light spot group 3m. This, in turn, helps to reduce or eliminate the problem of eye discomfort caused by the large difference between brightness and darkness (i.e., glare) observed by the human eye when viewing the display substrate 10, thus improving the display effect of the display substrate 10 and providing a more comfortable visual experience.

[0348] For example, such as Figure 32 As shown, and in combination Figure 9B , Figure 9C , Figure 10B , Figure 10C , Figure 11B , Figure 11C , Figure 23 , Figure 24 , Figure 25 and Figure 26 As shown, Figure 32 This is a planar distribution diagram of the light spot 3a corresponding to the light-emitting device F in multiple pixel units Fa according to some embodiments. When the optical modulation layer 3 in the display substrate 10 includes two sub-optical modulation layers 3T, and each of the two sub-optical modulation layers 3T includes a first grating structure 31, the distance h1 between the surface of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1 and the surface of the sub-optical modulation layer 3T that is relatively close to the substrate 1 is smaller than the distance h1 between the surface of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1 and the surface of the sub-optical modulation layer 3T that is relatively far from the substrate 1 and is close to the substrate 1.

[0349] For example, the first grating structure 31 included in each of the two sub-optical modulation layers 3T is a continuous distribution structure set throughout the entire layer; for example, the orthographic projection of the first grating structure 31 included in each of the two sub-optical modulation layers 3T on the substrate 1 completely covers the orthographic projection of each light-emitting device F on the substrate 1.

[0350] For example, please continue reading Figure 23 , Figure 24 , Figure 25 and Figure 26 and combined Figure 32The first grating structure 31 in the sub-optical modulation layer 3T that is relatively far from the substrate 1 includes a first material layer 311 and a second material layer 312 stacked sequentially along the direction away from the substrate 1. The first material layer 311 includes a plurality of first grooves 311a extending along the second direction Y. The plurality of first grooves 311a can be periodically arranged along the first direction X. The second material layer 312 is at least partially located within the first grooves 311a. The first grating structure 31 in the sub-optical modulation layer 3T that is relatively close to the substrate 1 includes a first material layer 311 and a second material layer 312 stacked sequentially along the direction away from the substrate 1. The first material layer 311 includes a plurality of first grooves 311a extending along the first direction X. The plurality of first grooves 311a can be periodically arranged along the second direction Y. The second material layer 312 is at least partially located within the first grooves 311a. In the case of the first groove 311a, since the distance h1 between the surface of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1 and the surface of the sub-optical modulation layer 3T that is relatively close to the substrate 1 in the sub-optical modulation layer 3 is smaller than the distance h1 between the surface of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1 and the surface of the sub-optical modulation layer 3T that is relatively close to the substrate 1 in the sub-optical modulation layer 3, when other parameters of the two sub-optical modulation layers 3T (such as the material of the first material layer 311, the material of the second material layer 312, the grating period, etc., and may also include the thickness of the first material layer 311 and the thickness of the second material layer 312) are the same, along the second direction Y, the distance d1 between the centers of any two adjacent light spots 3a in the light spot group 3m is smaller than the distance d2 between the centers of any two adjacent light spots 3a in the light spot group 3m along the first direction X. That is, in multiple light spot groups 3m corresponding to a light-emitting device F, the distance d2 between the centers of adjacent light spots 3a in two adjacent light spot groups 3m in the first direction X can be different from the distance d1 between the centers of two adjacent light spots 3a in each light spot group 3m in the second direction Y.

[0351] Similarly, please continue reading Figure 29 and Figure 30 and combined Figure 32 The optical modulation layer 3 in the display substrate 10 includes a second grating structure 32, and the first material layer 311 in the second grating structure 32 includes a plurality of second grooves 312a arranged in an array. The second grooves 312a are periodically spaced from each other. When the second material layer 312 is at least partially located in the second grooves 312a, the distance d1 between the centers of any two adjacent light spots 3a in the light spot group 3m along the second direction Y can be equal to the distance d2 between the centers of any two adjacent light spots 3a in the light spot group 3m along the first direction X.

[0352] In some embodiments, such as Figure 33and Figure 34A As shown, Figure 33 and Figure 34A All are cross-sectional views of partial areas of the display substrate 10 according to some embodiments. The display substrate 10 also includes a third encapsulation layer 8. The third encapsulation layer 8 may be located on the side of the optical modulation layer 3 within the display substrate 10 away from the substrate 1.

[0353] For example, the third encapsulation layer 8 within the display substrate 10 may include an anti-reflection (AR) film layer and / or an anti-glare (AG) film layer.

[0354] By including an anti-reflective coating layer in the third encapsulation layer 8 within the display substrate 10, the reflection of light on the surface of the display substrate 10 can be reduced, which helps to improve the visual clarity of the display substrate 10 and thus improve the display effect of the display substrate 10.

[0355] By including an anti-glare film layer in the third encapsulation layer 8 within the display substrate 10, interference from strong external light on the display substrate 10 can be reduced or eliminated, thereby improving the user's visual experience and enhancing the display effect of the display substrate 10.

[0356] For example, please continue reading Figure 33 and Figure 34A The third encapsulation layer 8 within the display substrate 10 may include a substrate layer 81. For example, the third encapsulation layer 8 may also include a surface treatment layer 82, and the substrate layer 81 may be closer to the optical modulation layer 3 within the display substrate 10 than the surface treatment layer 82.

[0357] For example, the material of the substrate layer 81 may include at least one of polyethylene terephthalate and polyimide.

[0358] For example, the surface treatment layer 82 can be obtained by processing the surface of the substrate layer 81 through processes such as roller embossing and etching.

[0359] In some embodiments, such as Figure 34B and Figure 34C As shown, Figure 34B and Figure 34C All are cross-sectional views of partial areas of the display substrate 10 according to some embodiments. The display substrate 10 may also include a first adhesive layer S1. The first adhesive layer S1 may be located between the first encapsulation layer 41 and the optical modulation layer 3.

[0360] For example, please continue reading Figure 34B and Figure 34CWhen the display substrate 10 includes a second encapsulation layer 42 and the second encapsulation layer 42 is located between the first encapsulation layer 41 and the optical modulation layer 3, the first adhesive layer S1 may be located between the second encapsulation layer 42 and the optical modulation layer 3.

[0361] For example, the material of the first adhesive layer S1 may include one or more of epoxy resin and acrylic resin.

[0362] In some embodiments, please continue reading Figure 34C In the case where the optical modulation layer 3 within the display substrate 10 comprises at least two stacked sub-optical modulation layers 3T, the display substrate 10 may further include a second adhesive layer S2. The second adhesive layer S2 may be located between two adjacent sub-optical modulation layers 3T.

[0363] For example, the material of the second adhesive layer S2 may include one or more of epoxy resin and acrylic resin.

[0364] In some embodiments, please continue reading Figure 34B and Figure 34C The display substrate 10 may further include a third adhesive layer S3. The third adhesive layer S3 may be located between the third encapsulation layer 8 and the optical modulation layer 3.

[0365] For example, the material of the third adhesive layer S3 may include one or more of epoxy resin and acrylic resin.

[0366] The following provides a detailed description of the preparation method of the above-mentioned display substrate 10.

[0367] In some embodiments, such as Figure 35 As shown, Figure 35 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for fabricating a display substrate 10 according to some embodiments. It should be noted that... Figure 35 The method for fabricating the display substrate 10 shown is not exclusive and can also be used in other ways. Figure 35 Other steps are performed before, after, or between any step in the fabrication method of the display substrate 10 shown. The fabrication method of the display substrate 10 includes steps S1 to S3.

[0368] S1: As Figure 36 As shown, Figure 36 for Figure 35 The flowchart of the method for fabricating the display substrate 10 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the display substrate 10 corresponding to step S1. A light-emitting device F is formed on one side of the substrate 1.

[0369] S2: As Figure 37 As shown, Figure 37 for Figure 35The flowchart of the fabrication method of the display substrate 10 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the display substrate 10 corresponding to step S2. An optical modulation layer 3 is formed.

[0370] S3; as Figure 38 As shown, and in combination Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 , Figure 38 for Figure 35 The flowchart of the method for fabricating the display substrate 10 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the display substrate 10 corresponding to step S3. An optical modulation layer 3 is disposed on the side of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1. The optical modulation layer 3 is configured such that light emitted from the light-emitting device F passes through the optical modulation layer 3 to form a light spot 3a.

[0371] Please continue reading. Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 One light-emitting device F corresponds to multiple light spots 3a. The multiple light spots 3a include multiple first light spots 3ab, and in the orthographic projection onto the substrate 1, the centers of the multiple first light spots 3ab surround the center of the light-emitting device F.

[0372] By including an optical modulation layer 3 in the display substrate 10, the optical modulation layer 3 is configured to form light spots 3a through the light emitted by the light-emitting device F, and one light-emitting device F corresponds to multiple light spots 3a. That is, the optical modulation layer 3 can homogenize the light emitted by the light-emitting device F into multiple light spots 3a. On the one hand, while ensuring the brightness of the light-emitting device F in the display substrate 10, the brightness at the position of maximum light intensity in the first light spot 3ab is less than the brightness at the position of maximum light intensity of the light-emitting device F in the display substrate 10 when the display substrate 10 does not include the optical modulation layer 3. This can reduce the brightness difference between the bright and dark areas in the pixel unit Fa, thereby reducing or eliminating the problem of eye discomfort caused by the large difference between brightness and darkness (i.e., glare) observed by the human eye when viewing the display substrate 10. This improves the display effect of the display substrate 10 and provides a more comfortable visual experience.

[0373] On the other hand, the brightness at the position with the maximum light intensity within the first light spot 3ab (e.g., the center position of the first light spot 3ab) is relatively small, which helps to reduce the difference between the brightness at the position with the maximum light intensity within the first light spot 3ab and the brightness at the position with the minimum light intensity within the first light spot 3ab (e.g., the edge position of the first light spot 3ab). This further helps to reduce or eliminate the problem of eye discomfort caused by the large difference between brightness and darkness (i.e., glare) observed by the human eye when viewing the display substrate 10, and further improves the display effect and visual experience comfort of the display substrate 10.

[0374] For example, step S3 (i.e., disposing the optical modulation layer 3 on the side of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1) in the method for preparing the display substrate 10 may include steps S31-S32.

[0375] S31: Please continue reading Figure 38 One side of the optical modulation layer 3 is bonded to the adhesive layer 9.

[0376] S32: Please continue reading Figure 38 The adhesive layer 9 is attached to the side of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1, away from the side of the optical modulation layer 3.

[0377] For example, please continue reading Figure 38 In the case where the display substrate 10 includes a first encapsulation layer 41 and the first encapsulation layer 41 is located between the optical modulation layer 3 and the light-emitting device F, the first encapsulation layer 41 may include an adhesive layer 9.

[0378] For example, please continue reading Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 38 The adhesive layer 9 can be the light-absorbing layer 411 within the first encapsulation layer 41.

[0379] For example, please continue reading Figure 6 and Figure 38 The adhesive layer 9 can be the light scattering layer 412 within the first encapsulation layer 41.

[0380] In some embodiments, when the display substrate 10 includes other film layers (e.g., first encapsulation layer 41, second encapsulation layer 42, optical modulation layer 3, and third encapsulation layer 8) located on the side of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1, the first encapsulation layer 41, second encapsulation layer 42, optical modulation layer 3, and third encapsulation layer 8 can be bonded together to form a composite film layer, and then the composite film layer can be bonded to the side of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1.

[0381] For example, when the composite film layer is attached to the side of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1, the composite film layer can be squeezed by a pressing process, so that the first encapsulation layers 41 are subjected to force, thereby causing a portion of the first encapsulation layers 41 to fill the space between adjacent light-emitting devices F.

[0382] In other embodiments, when the display substrate 10 includes other film layers (e.g., the first encapsulation layer 41, the second encapsulation layer 42, the optical modulation layer 3, and the third encapsulation layer 8) located on the side of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1, the first encapsulation layer 41 and the second encapsulation layer 42 can be bonded first, and then the first encapsulation layer 41 and the second encapsulation layer 42 can be bonded together to the side of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1. Finally, the other film layers in the display substrate 10 (e.g., the optical modulation layer 3 and the third encapsulation layer 8) can be bonded together to the side of the second encapsulation layer 42 away from the substrate 1.

[0383] For example, when the first encapsulation layer 41 and the second encapsulation layer 42 are bonded together to the side of the light-emitting device F away from the substrate 1, the second encapsulation layer 42 can be squeezed by a pressing process, so that the first encapsulation layers 41 can be subjected to force, thereby causing a portion of the first encapsulation layer 41 to fill between adjacent light-emitting devices F.

[0384] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A display substrate, characterized in that, include: Base; A light-emitting device is located on one side of the substrate; An optical modulation layer is located on the side of the light-emitting device away from the substrate; The optical modulation layer is configured to cause the light emitted by the light-emitting device to form a light spot through the optical modulation layer; One of the light-emitting devices corresponds to multiple light spots, the multiple light spots including multiple first light spots; in the orthographic projection onto the substrate, the centers of the multiple first light spots surround the center of the light-emitting device.

2. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, One of the light-emitting devices corresponds to at least one light spot group; when one of the light-emitting devices corresponds to multiple light spot groups, the multiple light spot groups are arranged along a first direction; Each of the light spot groups includes at least a plurality of the first light spots arranged along the second direction; the first direction and the second direction intersect, and the first direction and the second direction are parallel to the substrate.

3. The display substrate according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two adjacent light spots within the light spot group overlap in the thickness direction of the substrate.

4. The display substrate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The distance between the centers of any two adjacent light spots in the light spot group is equal.

5. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of light spots also includes a second light spot, wherein the first light spot is located around the second light spot; The ratio between the brightness at the position of maximum light intensity of the first light spot and the brightness at the position of maximum light intensity of the second light spot is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 1.

5.

6. The display substrate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The plurality of light spots also includes a second light spot, wherein the first light spot is located around the second light spot; Each light-emitting device corresponds to only one light spot group; the light spot group includes one second light spot and two first light spots, with the two first light spots located on opposite sides of the second light spot along the second direction.

7. The display substrate according to claim 2, characterized in that, One of the light-emitting devices corresponds to multiple groups of light spots.

8. The display substrate according to claim 7, characterized in that, Two adjacent light spot groups overlap in the thickness direction of the substrate.

9. The display substrate according to claim 7, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the distance between the centers of the light spots in any two adjacent light spot groups is equal.

10. The display substrate according to claim 7, characterized in that, One of the light-emitting devices corresponds to three light spot groups, and each light spot group includes three light spots; The middle spot group among the three spot groups includes one second spot and two first spots, with the two first spots located on opposite sides of the second spot along the second direction; Each of the three light spot groups includes three first light spots on both sides, and the three first light spots are arranged along the second direction.

11. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of light spots also includes a second light spot, wherein the first light spot is located around the second light spot; The second light spot and the light-emitting device overlap in the thickness direction of the substrate.

12. The display substrate according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The display substrate further includes multiple pixel units arranged in an array, each pixel unit including multiple light-emitting devices, the multiple light-emitting devices including a first color light-emitting device, a second color light-emitting device and a third color light-emitting device; The optical modulation layer simultaneously covers the first color light-emitting device, the second color light-emitting device, and the third color light-emitting device.

13. The display substrate according to claim 12, characterized in that, The first color light-emitting device generates a first color light spot, the second color light-emitting device generates a second color light spot, and the third color light-emitting device generates a third color light spot; The first color light-emitting device and the second color light-emitting device are arranged adjacent to each other, and the first color light spot and the second color light spot overlap within the same pixel unit; The second color light-emitting device and the third color light-emitting device are arranged adjacent to each other, and the second color light spot and the third color light spot overlap within the same pixel unit.

14. The display substrate according to claim 13, characterized in that, The first color light-emitting device, the second color light-emitting device, and the third color light-emitting device are arranged adjacent to each other in the same direction; The first color spot, the second color spot, and the third color spot within the same pixel unit overlap each other.

15. The display substrate according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The display substrate further includes multiple pixel units arranged in an array, and each pixel unit includes multiple light-emitting devices; In particular, the light spots corresponding to the light-emitting devices in two adjacent pixel units do not overlap.

16. The display substrate according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The optical modulation layer includes a first grating structure, which includes a one-dimensional periodic grating.

17. The display substrate according to any one of claims 1-5 and 7-11, characterized in that, The optical modulation layer includes at least two sub-optical modulation layers stacked together, and two of the at least two sub-optical modulation layers each include a first grating structure, the first grating structure including a one-dimensional periodic grating. Wherein, the periodic arrangement direction of the first grating structure corresponding to one of the sub-optical modulation layers is the first direction, and the periodic arrangement direction of the first grating structure corresponding to the other sub-optical modulation layer is the second direction; the first direction and the second direction intersect, and the first direction and the second direction are parallel to the substrate.

18. The display substrate according to claim 17, characterized in that, One light-emitting device corresponds to multiple light spot groups; The distance between the centers of adjacent light spots in two adjacent light spot groups in the first direction is different from the distance between the centers of adjacent light spots in each light spot group in the second direction.

19. The display substrate according to any one of claims 1-5 and 7-11, characterized in that, The optical modulation layer includes a second grating structure, which includes a two-dimensional periodic grating.

20. The display substrate according to claim 16, characterized in that, The first grating structure includes a first material layer and a second material layer stacked along a direction away from the substrate; The first material layer includes a plurality of first grooves extending along a first direction or a second direction, the plurality of first grooves being periodically arranged, the first direction and the second direction intersecting, and the first direction and the second direction being parallel to the substrate; The second material layer is at least partially located within the first groove.

21. The display substrate according to claim 19, characterized in that, The second grating structure includes a first material layer and a second material layer stacked along a direction away from the substrate; The first material layer includes a plurality of second grooves arranged in an array, the second grooves being periodically spaced apart from each other; The second material layer is at least partially located within the second groove.

22. The display substrate according to claim 20, characterized in that, The first material layer includes a first continuous sublayer located between the first groove and the substrate, the first continuous sublayer being continuously distributed; and / or, The second material layer includes a second continuous sublayer located on the side of the first groove away from the substrate, and the second continuous sublayer is continuously distributed.

23. The display substrate according to claim 17, characterized in that, Each of the first grating structures includes a first material layer and a second material layer stacked along a direction away from the substrate; the first material layer includes a plurality of first grooves extending along a first direction or a second direction, the plurality of first grooves being periodically arranged; the second material layer is at least partially located within the first grooves; The second material layer of the sub-optical modulation layer, which is close to the substrate, and the first material layer of the sub-optical modulation layer, which is adjacent to it and far from the substrate, are in direct contact.

24. The display substrate according to claim 17, characterized in that, Each of the first grating structures includes a first material layer and a second material layer stacked along a direction away from the substrate; the first material layer includes a plurality of first grooves extending along a first direction or a second direction, the plurality of first grooves being periodically arranged; the second material layer is at least partially located within the first grooves; The optical modulation layer also includes a spacer layer located between two adjacent sub-optical modulation layers.

25. The display substrate according to claim 24, characterized in that, The spacer layer includes a first spacer sublayer; the material of the first spacer sublayer includes at least one of polyethylene terephthalate and polyimide.

26. The display substrate according to claim 25, characterized in that, The spacer layer further includes a second spacer sublayer; the second spacer sublayer is located on the side of the first spacer sublayer closer to the substrate; The material of the second spacer layer includes at least one of epoxy resin and acrylic resin.

27. The display substrate according to claim 16, characterized in that, The ratio of the distance between the centers of two adjacent first grooves to the distance between the centers of two adjacent light-emitting devices of the same color in two adjacent pixel units is greater than or equal to 1 / 10 and less than or equal to 1 / 2.

28. The display substrate according to claim 17, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the ratio of the distance between the centers of two adjacent first grooves to the distance between the centers of two adjacent light-emitting devices of the same color within a pixel unit is greater than or equal to 1 / 10 and less than or equal to 1 / 2; and / or, Along the second direction, the ratio of the distance between the centers of two adjacent first grooves to the distance between the centers of two adjacent light-emitting devices of the same color in the same pixel unit is greater than or equal to 1 / 10 and less than or equal to 1 / 2.

29. The display substrate according to claim 21, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the ratio of the distance between the centers of two adjacent second grooves to the distance between the centers of two adjacent light-emitting devices of the same color within a pixel unit is greater than or equal to 1 / 10 and less than or equal to 1 / 2; and / or, Along the second direction, the ratio of the distance between the centers of two adjacent second grooves to the distance between the centers of two adjacent light-emitting devices of the same color in the same pixel unit is greater than or equal to 1 / 10 and less than or equal to 1 / 2. Wherein, the first direction and the second direction are two array arrangement directions of the second groove, the first direction and the second direction intersect, and the first direction and the second direction are parallel to the substrate.

30. The display substrate according to claim 27 or 28, characterized in that, The distance between the centers of two adjacent first grooves is 0.6μm-2μm.

31. The display substrate according to claim 29, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the distance between the centers of two adjacent second grooves is 0.6μm-2μm; and / or, along the second direction, the distance between the centers of two adjacent second grooves is 0.6μm-2μm.

32. The display substrate according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that, Along the thickness direction of the substrate, the ratio of the distance between the side surface of the light-emitting device away from the substrate and the side surface of the optical modulation layer close to the substrate to the distance between the centers of the light-emitting devices of the same color in two adjacent pixel units is less than or equal to 1 / 3.

33. The display substrate according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The display substrate further includes a first encapsulation layer located between the optical modulation layer and the light-emitting device.

34. The display substrate according to claim 33, characterized in that, The surface of the first encapsulation layer away from the substrate is planar.

35. The display substrate according to claim 33, characterized in that, The first encapsulation layer is located between adjacent light-emitting devices and on the side of the light-emitting devices away from the substrate.

36. The display substrate according to claim 33, characterized in that, The first encapsulation layer includes a light-absorbing layer.

37. The display substrate according to claim 33, characterized in that, The first encapsulation layer includes a light scattering layer, which includes scattering particles.

38. The display substrate according to claim 33, characterized in that, The display substrate further includes a second encapsulation layer located between the optical modulation layer and the first encapsulation layer; The material of the second encapsulation layer includes at least one of polyethylene terephthalate and polyimide.

39. The display substrate according to claim 33, characterized in that, The display substrate further includes a third encapsulation layer located on the side of the optical modulation layer away from the substrate; The material of the third encapsulation layer includes at least one of polyethylene terephthalate and polyimide.

40. The display substrate according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The light-emitting device includes sub-millimeter light-emitting diodes or micro light-emitting diodes.

41. A method for preparing a display substrate, characterized in that, include: A light-emitting device is formed on one side of the substrate; Form an optical modulation layer; The optical modulation layer is disposed on the side of the light-emitting device away from the substrate; The optical modulation layer is configured to cause the light emitted by the light-emitting device to form a light spot through the optical modulation layer; In this embodiment, one light-emitting device corresponds to multiple light spots, and the multiple light spots include multiple first light spots; in the orthographic projection onto the substrate, the centers of the multiple first light spots surround the center of the light-emitting device.

42. The method for preparing a display substrate according to claim 41, characterized in that, The step of disposing the optical modulation layer on the side of the light-emitting device away from the substrate includes: One side of the optical modulation layer is bonded to the adhesive layer; The adhesive layer is attached to the side of the light-emitting device away from the substrate on the side away from the optical modulation layer.

43. The method for preparing a display substrate according to claim 42, characterized in that, The display substrate further includes a first encapsulation layer located between the optical modulation layer and the light-emitting device; The first encapsulation layer includes an adhesive layer.

44. A display device, characterized in that, include: The display substrate as described in any one of claims 1-40; And the circuit board, which is electrically connected to the display substrate.

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