Method of controlling weeds

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for controlling annual weeds using a herbicidally effective amount of maleic hydrazide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for controlling weeds. More specifically, this invention relates to a method for controlling annual weeds using a herbicidal amount of maleic hydrazine.

[0002] Background Technology and Existing Technology

[0003] Weeds possess opportunistic adaptability and can be classified as annuals or perennials. Annual weeds grow in open areas and compete with crops due to their rapid growth, short lifespan, abundant seed production, and long-term viability. Annual weeds are often "pioneer" species, growing densely, establishing themselves in open habitats, and dispersing through seed dispersal. Perennial weed patches tend to be more stable than annual weed patches. Most perennial weeds found in crops disperse primarily through trophic structures rather than seeds.

[0004] Most annual weeds are classified as colonizers, which rapidly migrate to areas where the soil has been disturbed and previous vegetation has been eliminated. Under natural conditions, colonizers fill gaps in the ecosystem and are then quickly replaced by more persistent vegetation types, such as herbaceous perennials, shrubs, and / or trees. Annual weeds are adapted to grow in any soil with characteristics favorable to crop growth. The potential for seed migration makes annual weeds spread much faster than perennial weeds.

[0005] Maleic hydrazide (MH) has plant growth regulating effects and is known as a potato growth inhibitor, but its mechanism of action is not fully understood. It belongs to the pyridazine dione class. It is recommended for the temporary growth inhibition of various shrubs and grasses. In acute toxicity studies, maleic hydrazide was found to be “practically non-toxic” to birds, fish, invertebrates, and bees because it is mobile but not persistent in the environment. Use of maleamide or its salts according to the approved label does not pose an unreasonable risk or adverse impact on the environment.

[0006] Maleic hydrazine or its salts are widely used to control perennial weeds such as curly dock, butterbur, hedge bindweed, wormwood, commonsorrel, Japanese knotweed, red garlic, and dandelion. When MH or its salts are applied to perennial weeds during their growing season, i.e., spring or summer, the highest efficacy is achieved by cutting the above-ground stems or leaves approximately 7 to 10 days after the chemical treatment. In practice, MH must be applied at a high rate. It is often difficult to consistently achieve the desired control effect. Therefore, there is a lack of literature in the art providing a convenient, economical, and effective method for weed control by applying maleic hydrazine.

[0007] The purpose of this disclosure

[0008] Due to the limitations in the activity of existing herbicides in terms of their individual efficacy against weeds, there is a potential need for effective herbicides that overcome the previously known drawbacks of single active ingredients against weeds.

[0009] There remains a great need for improved control of weeds, particularly harmful dense vegetation, in pre- and post-emergence crops without adversely affecting desired plant growth, and for such improved control to reduce the amount of herbicide required to achieve acceptable weed control.

[0010] The main objective of this disclosure is to provide an effective and extremely safe weed management method for controlling a broad spectrum of weeds.

[0011] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a herbicide for effective weed control, weed suppression and eradication with reduced plant toxicity.

[0012] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a herbicide that is safe and effective and can be applied before or after weed emergence.

[0013] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling annual weeds that is primarily effective in soybean crop cultivation. Summary of the Invention

[0014] This disclosure provides an improved method for controlling weeds, particularly harmful dense annual weeds, in crops before and after emergence without adversely affecting the growth and yield of the desired crop plants.

[0015] In one aspect, this disclosure provides a method for controlling broad-spectrum annual weeds.

[0016] In one aspect, this disclosure provides a method for effectively controlling annual weeds at a site, the method comprising applying a herbicidally effective amount of maleic hydrazine at the site. In an embodiment, the method comprises applying maleic hydrazine at the site in an amount ranging from 100 g ai / ha to 3000 g ai / ha.

[0017] In one aspect, this disclosure provides a method for effectively controlling annual weeds in a site, the method comprising applying a herbicidally effective amount of maleic hydrazine to the site, wherein the maleic hydrazine is applied before or after the weeds emerge.

[0018] In the implementation plan, annual weeds are selected from the following groups: Commelina, Commelina benghalensis, Euphorbia geniculate, Brachiaria sp, Dinebra sp, Dinebra arabica, Eleusine sp, Eleusine indica, Digitaria sp, Digitaria sanguinalis, Echinochloa sp, Echinochloa crus galli, Echinochloa colona, ​​Cyperus iria, Phyllanthus niruri, Parthenium hysterophorus, Parthenium sp, Setaria sp, Setaria viridis, Setaria verticullata, Acalypha sp., Acalypha indica, Dactyloctenium sp., Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Eragrostis sp., Eragrostis capillaris, and combinations thereof.

[0019] In the implementation plan, the weeds are weeds growing in the locations of leguminous crops, oilseed crops, or cereal crops.

[0020] In one aspect, this disclosure provides the use of a herbicidal amount of maleic hydrazine for the effective control of annual weeds in a site.

[0021] In one aspect, this disclosure provides a method for controlling weeds by reducing the amount of herbicide required to achieve acceptable weed control.

[0022] In one aspect, this disclosure provides a method for controlling broad-spectrum weeds in soybean cultivation.

[0023] On the other hand, this disclosure provides a method for controlling broad-spectrum annual weeds in soybean cultivation.

[0024] On the other hand, this disclosure provides a method for controlling annual weeds in a site, the method comprising applying a herbicidal amount of maleic hydrazine in the site at a rate ranging from 100 g ai / ha to 3000 g ai / ha.

[0025] On the other hand, this disclosure provides a method for controlling annual weeds in soybean crop cultivation sites, the method comprising applying a herbicidally effective amount of maleic hydrazine in the site at a rate ranging from 100 g ai / ha to 3000 g ai / ha.

[0026] On the other hand, this disclosure provides the use of maleic hydrazide for the control of annual weeds.

[0027] In another aspect, this disclosure provides the use of maleic hydrazide for the control of annual weeds in soybean cultivation. Detailed Implementation

[0028] For the purposes of the following detailed description, it should be understood that the invention may take various alternative variations and sequences of steps unless expressly indicated to the contrary. Furthermore, except in any operational example, or where otherwise indicated, all figures representing the amount of material / component used, for example, in the specification, should be understood to be modified in all cases by the term “about” and are intended to cover variations of ±10%, ±5%, ±1%, ±0.5%, or even ±0.1% of the specified value, as well as the specified value itself.

[0029] Therefore, before describing this disclosure in detail, it should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the specific exemplified system or process parameters that may vary. It should also be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments of the invention only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way. Examples used anywhere in this specification (including examples of any terms discussed herein) are merely illustrative and do not limit the scope or meaning of the invention or any exemplified terminology. Similarly, the invention is not limited to the various embodiments given in this specification. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0030] It should be noted that, as used in this specification, the singular forms “a (a, an)” and “the / that” include plural references unless expressly stated otherwise. The terms “preferred” and “preferred” refer to embodiments of the invention that may provide certain benefits in certain circumstances.

[0031] As used herein, the terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” “containing,” “involving,” etc., should be understood as open-ended, meaning including but not limited to.

[0032] As used herein, the term "maleic hydrazide or its salt" means maleic hydrazide, choline maleic hydrazide, diethanolamine maleic hydrazide, sodium maleic hydrazide, and potassium maleic hydrazide.

[0033] As used herein, the term "herbicide" means an active ingredient that kills, controls, or otherwise adversely alters plant growth. As used herein, the herbicidal effective amount or vegetation control amount is the amount of active ingredient that causes a "herbicidal effect," i.e., an adverse altering effect, and includes the amount of active ingredient that deviates from natural development, kills, regulates, dehydrates, inhibits, or otherwise alters plant growth.

[0034] The terms “plant” and “vegetation” include, but are not limited to, germinating seeds, germinating seedlings, plants that germinate from vegetative propagules, and mature vegetation.

[0035] The term "weeds" refers to unwanted vegetation and includes any plant that grows where it is not desired, including pesticide-resistant plants. In its broadest sense, the term "weeds" refers to plants that grow where they are not expected. In other words, "weeds" are plants that are undesirable in the context of crops due to competition with them for water, nutrients, sunlight, soil, etc. The term can also refer to crop plants that are not desired in a particular location.

[0036] As used in this article, the terms “undesirable vegetation,” “harmful plants,” “unwanted plants,” “weeds,” and “weed species” are synonyms.

[0037] As used herein, the term “site” for crop / plant should refer to the vicinity of a desired crop in which weed control (usually selective weed control) is required. Site includes the vicinity of the desired crop plant where weed infestation has already occurred or has not yet occurred.

[0038] The term "crop" should include a large number of desired crop plants or individual crop plants growing in a particular location. This location can be weeds, an area adjacent to weeds, soil suitable for supporting weed growth, the roots of the weeds, and / or the leaves of the weeds.

[0039] As used herein, the term "g ai / L" indicates the concentration of the corresponding active ingredient in grams per liter of composition. The terms "g ai / L", "g ai / L", and "g / L" are used interchangeably.

[0040] As used herein, the term "g ai / ha" indicates the amount of the corresponding active ingredient applied in grams per hectare of farmland. The terms "g ai / ha", "g ai / ha", and "g / ha" are used interchangeably.

[0041] The "herbicides" or "herbicidal compositions" used in this invention are typically formulated as liquid or solid formulations. When forming powder formulations or powders, diatomaceous earth or talc is used as a carrier. When using liquid formulations, adjuvants are preferably incorporated into the herbicidal composition to improve penetration and diffusion properties. When using the herbicidal composition, adjuvants may be added to the herbicidal composition. From the viewpoint of effectiveness, liquid formulations are preferred.

[0042] Weed control is a crucial practice for achieving high soybean yields. Weeds are a serious problem in soybean crops, and their control is particularly necessary on the infested sides. Therefore, weed management is an integral part of soybean production. Studies have reported that the density and distribution of weed species in soybean plantations are important parameters regarding yield loss. This is attributed to competition for sunlight, water, and nutrients between weeds and crops, and, depending on the level and species of infestation, can hinder harvesting operations and impair soybean grain quality.

[0043] Therefore, the inventors felt the need to provide a method for controlling broad-spectrum weeds using maleic hydrazine. Specifically, the inventors implemented the application of maleic hydrazine for controlling annual weeds in soybean cultivation. The application of maleic hydrazine also provides a reduction in crop toxicity. There is a lack of literature in the art providing remedies for controlling annual weeds in soybean cultivation. The inventors have successfully provided a method for controlling such dense annual weeds.

[0044] The present invention provides a method for effectively controlling annual weeds in a site, the method comprising applying a herbicidal amount of maleic hydrazine to the site.

[0045] The method for weed control according to the present invention is applicable to any available crop plants, such as legumes, soybeans, grain crops, cereal root crops, oil crops, vegetables, spices, ornamental plants, durum wheat and other wheat species, oats, rye, barley, corn (including feed corn and sweet corn), oilseeds, Brassica plants, okra, cotton, sunflower, banana, rice, rapeseed, beet, beetroot, feed beet, eggplant, potato, turf, grass seeds, tomato, leek, pumpkin (pumpkin / squash), cabbage, lettuce, bell pepper, cucumber, melons, legumes, peas, garlic, onion, carrot, tobacco, grape, morning glory, geranium, geranium, pansy, etc.

[0046] In its implementation, this disclosure provides a method for effectively controlling annual weeds in leguminous crop sites, the method comprising applying a herbicidally effective amount of maleic hydrazine to the site.

[0047] In its implementation, this disclosure provides a method for effectively controlling annual weeds in soybean crop cultivation sites, the method comprising applying a herbicidally effective amount of maleic hydrazine to the site.

[0048] In its implementation plan, this disclosure provides a method for effectively controlling annual weeds growing in cereal crops.

[0049] In its implementation plan, this disclosure provides a method for effectively controlling annual weeds growing in sites of durum wheat and other wheat species, rice, oats, rye, barley, and corn.

[0050] In an implementation scheme, this disclosure provides a method for effectively controlling annual weeds growing in crop sites, the method comprising applying maleic hydrazine at a rate ranging from 100 g ai / ha to 3000 g ai / ha before or after the emergence of weeds in the site.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment, this disclosure provides a method for effectively controlling annual weeds growing in crop sites, the method comprising applying maleic hydrazine at a rate ranging from 500 g ai / ha to 2500 g ai / ha before or after the emergence of weeds in the site.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, this disclosure provides a method for effectively controlling annual weeds growing in crop sites, the method comprising applying maleic hydrazine at a rate ranging from 500 g ai / ha to 2000 g ai / ha before or after the emergence of weeds in the site.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment, this disclosure provides a method for effectively controlling annual weeds growing in crop sites, the method comprising applying maleic hydrazine at a rate ranging from 500 g ai / ha to 1500 g ai / ha before or after the weeds emerge at the site.

[0054] In an implementation scheme, this disclosure provides a method for effectively controlling annual weeds growing in soybean crop sites, the method comprising applying maleic hydrazine at a rate ranging from 100 g ai / ha to 3000 g ai / ha before or after the emergence of weeds in the site.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment, this disclosure provides a method for effectively controlling annual weeds growing in soybean crop sites, the method comprising applying maleic hydrazine at a rate ranging from 500 g ai / ha to 2500 g ai / ha before or after the weeds emerge at the site.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, this disclosure provides a method for effectively controlling annual weeds growing in soybean crop sites, the method comprising applying maleic hydrazine at a rate ranging from 500 g ai / ha to 2000 g ai / ha before or after the weeds emerge at the site.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, this disclosure provides a method for effectively controlling goosegrass growing in soybean crop sites, the method comprising applying maleic hydrazine at a rate ranging from 500 g ai / ha to 1500 g ai / ha before or after the weed emerges at the site.

[0058] In an implementation scheme, this disclosure provides a method for effectively controlling goosegrass weeds growing in soybean crop sites, the method comprising applying maleic hydrazine at a rate ranging from 100 g ai / ha to 3000 g ai / ha before or after the weeds emerge at the site.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment, this disclosure provides a method for effectively controlling goosegrass weeds growing in soybean crop sites, the method comprising applying maleic hydrazine at a rate ranging from 500 g ai / ha to 2500 g ai / ha before or after the weeds emerge at the site.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, this disclosure provides a method for effectively controlling goosegrass weeds growing in soybean crop sites, the method comprising applying maleic hydrazine at a rate ranging from 500 g ai / ha to 2000 g ai / ha before or after the weeds emerge at the site.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment, this disclosure provides a method for effectively controlling goosegrass weeds growing in soybean crop sites, the method comprising applying maleic hydrazine at a rate ranging from 500 g ai / ha to 1500 g ai / ha before or after the weeds emerge at the site.

[0062] In an implementation scheme, this disclosure provides a method for effectively controlling annual weeds growing in crop sites, the method comprising applying maleic hydrazine at the site at a rate ranging from 1 L / ha to 10 L / ha.

[0063] In an implementation scheme, this disclosure provides a method for effectively controlling annual weeds growing in soybean crop sites, the method comprising applying maleic hydrazine at the site at a rate ranging from 1 L / ha to 10 L / ha.

[0064] In an implementation scheme, this disclosure provides a method for effectively controlling goosegrass weeds growing in soybean crop sites, the method comprising applying maleic hydrazine at the site at a rate ranging from 1 L / ha to 10 L / ha.

[0065] In the implementation scheme, maleic hydrazine may be applied together with at least one other active ingredient selected from the group consisting of herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, biological agents, plant growth activators, fertilizers, or combinations thereof.

[0066] The dosage levels of maleic hydrazide can be determined by the inherent efficacy of the compound, pest stress, soil type, weather, formulation type, and many other uncertain variables. These standard dosage levels are prescribed by regulatory agencies.

[0067] Maleamide or its salts or derivatives are used in the methods disclosed herein. Derivatives of maleic hydrazide that can be used for herbicide treatment include alkylated products of maleic hydrazide containing one or two nitrogen atoms within its six-membered ring, preferably maleic hydrazide salts. Typically, alkylated derivatives of maleic hydrazide are lower alkyl groups with a carbon chain length of one to about four carbon atoms. Salts of maleic hydrazide include, but are not limited to, sodium, potassium, lithium, magnesium, and amine salts, preferably ammonium salts. Suitable amines include tertiary amines having a lower alkyl group between one and three carbon atoms, such as triethylamine.

[0068] In embodiments, maleic hydrazide can be formulated as a premixed product or a ready-to-use product. In embodiments, the method comprises applying a composition containing maleic hydrazide once or continuously. In another embodiment, the components of the compositions disclosed herein can be mixed in a tank and applied or sprayed onto the site of weed infestation, or alternatively, they can be mixed with a surfactant and / or any other suitable agrochemical excipient and then applied.

[0069] In yet another embodiment, the components of the combination disclosed herein can be applied rapidly and continuously in any order to form the desired mixture at the site of application.

[0070] In embodiments, the components of the compositions disclosed herein can be used for foliar application, ground application, or application to plant propagation materials.

[0071] The herbicidal compositions disclosed herein can be in any conventionally agriculturally useful form, such as in formulation form or in canned mixture form.

[0072] In this embodiment, the combination of the present invention can be applied before or after emergence. The advantage of this combination is its surprisingly good residual effect when applied after emergence, resulting in rapid weed control.

[0073] The composition contains at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient.

[0074] In embodiments, the compositions of the present invention may contain agriculturally acceptable excipients, including adjuvants, carriers, diluents, emulsifiers, fillers, defoamers, thickeners, antifreeze agents, refrigerants, compatibilizers, chelating agents, neutralizing agents and buffers, corrosion inhibitors, colorants, odorants, dispersants, penetration aids, fixatives, dispersants, thickeners, etc. The compositions may be solid or liquid. They may be solids, such as powders, granules, water-dispersible granules, microcapsules, or wettable powders, or liquids, such as emulsifiable concentrates, solutions, emulsions, or suspensions, ZC formulations. They may also be provided as premixes or canned mixtures.

[0075] Suitable agricultural adjuvants and carriers may include, but are not limited to, crop oil concentrates; methylated seed oils, emulsified methylated seed oils, nonylphenol ethoxylates; benzyl coconut oil alkyl dimethyl quaternary ammonium salts; blends of petroleum hydrocarbons, alkyl esters, organic acids, and anionic surfactants; C9-C 11 Alkyl polysaccharide glycosides; phosphorylated alcohol ethoxylates; natural primary alcohols (C 12 -C 16 Ethoxylated compounds; di-sec-butylphenol EO-PO block copolymers; polysiloxane-methyl-terminated compounds; nonylphenol ethoxylated compounds, urea ammonium nitrate; tridecanol (synthetic) ethoxylated compounds (8EO); tallow amine ethoxylated compounds; PEG (400) dioleate-99, alkyl sulfates, such as diethanolamine lauryl sulfate; alkyl aryl sulfonates, such as calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate; alkylphenol-epoxyalkane addition products, such as nonylphenol-C 18 Ethoxylated compounds; alcohol-epoxide addition products, such as tridecyl alcohol-C 16Ethoxylated compounds; soaps, such as sodium stearate; alkyl naphthalene sulfonates, such as sodium dibutylnaphthalene sulfonate; dialkyl esters of sulfosuccinates, such as sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate; sorbitan esters, such as sorbitan oleate; quaternary ammonium compounds, such as lauryltrimethylammonium chloride; polyethylene glycol esters of fatty acids, such as polyethylene glycol stearate; block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide; salts of monoalkyl phosphates and dialkyl phosphates; vegetable oils or seed oils, such as soybean oil, rapeseed oil / low erucic acid rapeseed oil, olive oil, castor oil, sunflower seed oil, coconut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, linseed oil, palm oil, peanut oil, safflower oil, sesame oil, tung oil, etc.; and esters of the above vegetable oils, and in some embodiments, methyl esters.

[0076] Suitable liquid carriers that can be used in the compositions of the present invention may include water or organic solvents. Organic solvents include, but are not limited to, petroleum fractions or hydrocarbons, such as mineral oil, aromatic solvents, paraffin oil, etc.; vegetable oils such as soybean oil, rapeseed oil, olive oil, castor oil, sunflower seed oil, coconut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, linseed oil, palm oil, peanut oil, safflower oil, sesame oil, tung oil, etc.; esters of the above-mentioned vegetable oils; esters of monohydric alcohols or dihydric alcohols, trihydric alcohols or other lower polyhydric alcohols (containing 4-6 hydroxyl groups), such as 2-ethylhexyl stearate, n-butyl oleate, isopropyl myristate, propylene glycol dioleate, dioctyl succinate, dibutyl adipate, dioctyl phthalate, etc.; esters of monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids and polycarboxylic acids, etc. Organic solvents include, but are not limited to, toluene, xylene, naphtha, crop oil, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, ethyl acetate, amyl acetate, butyl acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether and diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, pentanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylalkylamide, and dimethyl sulfoxide.

[0077] Solid carriers that can be used in the compositions of the present invention may include, but are not limited to, palygorskite, pyrophyllite clay, silica, kaolin, diatomaceous earth, chalk, diatomite, lime, calcium carbonate, bentonite clay, bleaching clay, talc, cottonseed hulls, wheat flour, soybean flour, pumice, wood flour, walnut shell powder, lignin, cellulose, etc.

[0078] On the other hand, the composition may also include the application of at least one adjuvant or at least one safety agent.

[0079] In one aspect, the compositions of the present invention may be in the form of multi-packaged weed control products or as a multi-part kit for treating target weeds.

[0080] In the implementation plan, this disclosure provides the use of maleic hydrazide for weed control.

[0081] In the implementation plan, this disclosure provides the use of maleic hydrazide for controlling annual weeds before or after emergence.

[0082] In the implementation plan, this disclosure provides the use of maleic hydrazide for the effective control of annual weeds in crop sites.

[0083] In the implementation plan, this disclosure provides the use of maleic hydrazine for the effective control of annual weeds in soybean crop sites.

[0084] In its implementation, this disclosure provides the use of maleic hydrazide for the effective control of annual weeds in cereal crop sites.

[0085] In the implementation plan, this disclosure provides the use of maleic hydrazide for the effective control of annual weeds in oilseed crop sites.

[0086] In another embodiment, the present invention provides the use of maleic hydrazine for the control of herbicide-resistant annual weeds, thereby providing resistance management and effective control of weeds. The present invention also provides the use of a method for achieving complete weed control, increasing crop yield, and simultaneously targeting resistance management.

[0087] In the implementation plan, this disclosure provides control of annual weeds in soybean cultivation, including Commelina communis, Commelina rotundifolia, Euphorbia tirucalli, Commelina scabra, Commelina argentea, Commelina arabicans, Echinochloa crus-galli, Crataegus pinnatifida, Crataegus pinnatifida, Barnyardgrass, Barnyardgrass, Barnyardgrass, Cyperus rotundus ... and other annual weeds.

[0088] In view of the foregoing, several advantages of this disclosure have been achieved, and other advantageous results have been obtained. Although this disclosure has been fully disclosed, it should be understood that many additional modifications and variations can be made thereto without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Embodiments can be combined to better understand this disclosure without departing from its scope.

[0089] In another embodiment, the alternatives or multiple embodiments of this disclosure disclosed herein should not be construed as limiting. Each embodiment may be mentioned and claimed individually or in any combination with other embodiments of this disclosure. One or more embodiments of this disclosure may be combined together to illustrate the teachings of the invention without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0090] The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the following embodiments. While the foregoing written description of the invention enables those skilled in the art to prepare and use what is presently considered to be the best mode thereof, those skilled in the art will understand and recognize the existence of variations, combinations, and equivalents of the specific embodiments, methods, and examples herein. Therefore, the invention should not be limited to the foregoing embodiments, methods, and the following examples, but should be limited to all embodiments and methods within the scope and spirit of the invention.

[0091] Example :

[0092] Example 1: Weed control of goosegrass (Eleusine indica)

[0093] Goosegrass is an annual weed observed in soybean cultivation. Weed control percentage (%) was observed at 21 DAA and 28 DAA (several days after application). The percentage of weed control was determined using a 180 g / L maleic hydrazine SL (soluble concentrate) formulation. Weed control was evaluated based on visual observation.

[0094]

[0095] The observed weed control rate was high.

Claims

1. A method for effectively controlling annual weeds in a site, the method comprising applying a herbicidal amount of maleic hydrazine to the site.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises applying maleic hydrazide at the site in an amount ranging from 100 g ai / ha to 3000 g ai / ha.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein maleic hydrazine is applied before or after weed emergence.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the annual weed is selected from the group consisting of: *Commelina communis*, *Commelina rotundifolia*, *Euphorbia tirucalli*, *Euphorbia tirucalli*, *Euphorbia tirucalli*, *Euphorbia tirucalli*, *Eleusine*, *Digitaria*, *Digitaria*, *Echinochloa*, *Echinochloa chinensis*, *Echinochloa crus-galli*, *Echinochloa chinensis ... and combinations thereof.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the weeds are weeds growing in the presence of leguminous crops, oilseed crops, or cereal crops.

6. The method according to any one of claims 4 or 5, wherein the weed is goosegrass.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein maleic hydrazide is applied as a foliar spray, as a terrestrial spray, or as an application to plant propagation material.

8. The use of herbicidal effective amounts of maleic hydrazine for the effective control of annual weeds in the field.

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