Intelligent deodorization device for pig farm based on microbial decomposition

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of intelligent deodorization device of pig farm based on microbial decomposition, it is related to environmental protection equipment technical field.The present application, including pig house, the pig house is provided with multiple groups of odor collection unit on pig farm, and multiple groups of odor collection unit are connected with summary air pipe.The present application, NH3 sensor and H2S sensor are perceived nerve, real-time monitoring pig house environment;When detection value exceeds the preset threshold in PLC controller, controller automatically instructs to start odor collection unit, pretreatment unit and biological decomposition unit, and form the intelligent closed loop of perception, decision-making, execution.Simultaneously by integrating NH3 sensor and H2S sensor directly in the entrance of odor collection unit, microbial activity detection sensor is buried in filler inside, can directly reflect the metabolic activity degree of microbial community, when sensor detects that microbial activity drops to set threshold, PLC controller automatically starts second pump body and carries out bacterial agent supplement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental protection equipment technology, specifically to an intelligent deodorization device for pig farms based on microbial decomposition. Background Technology

[0002] As pig farming becomes more intensive and large-scale, the foul-smelling gases produced by the fermentation of manure in farms (mainly ammonia (NH3), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)) have become a serious source of environmental pollution. These gases not only harm the health of farmers and pigs, leading to decreased immunity and reduced weight gain in livestock and poultry, but also frequently trigger complaints from nearby residents.

[0003] Currently, the technologies for treating odorous gases from livestock farms are mainly divided into three categories: First, physical adsorption methods, such as activated carbon filtration, but these have problems such as easy saturation of adsorption materials, frequent replacement, and high operating costs; second, chemical spraying methods, which neutralize odors by spraying chemical agents, but these pose a risk of secondary pollution from the agents, and the spraying wastewater increases the load on downstream wastewater treatment; and third, biological deodorization methods, which utilize microorganisms to degrade pollutants, are relatively environmentally friendly, but existing biological deodorization technologies still have significant bottlenecks.

[0004] Traditional biological deodorization methods lack rational design and construction of functional microbial agents, and the inhibition mechanisms against specific odor-producing microorganisms in feces are unclear, leading to unstable agent efficacy and large fluctuations in deodorization efficiency. Furthermore, existing deodorization devices mostly operate continuously, failing to dynamically adjust operating parameters (such as fan speed and spray frequency) based on actual odor concentrations within the enclosure, resulting in energy waste and increased wear and tear on biological packing materials due to excessive wetting or drying. Moreover, existing systems typically connect the spray dust removal unit and the biodegradation unit in simple series, failing to form an effective resource loop. Spray wastewater is directly discharged, and the importance of dust pretreatment for protecting the microbial attachment environment and maintaining biofilm activity is neglected.

[0005] To address this, an intelligent deodorization device for pig farms based on microbial decomposition is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent deodorization device for pig farms based on microbial decomposition, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention specifically adopts the following technical solution: A smart deodorization device for pig farms based on microbial decomposition includes a pigpen. Multiple odor collection units are installed on the pigpen, and these units are connected to a central duct. A pretreatment unit is connected to the end of the central duct, and the output of the pretreatment unit is connected to a biodecomposition unit via a connecting pipe. A microbial agent dosing unit is installed at the top of the biodecomposition unit. The odor collection units are embedded with NH3 and H2S sensors to detect the concentrations of NH3 and H2S in the pigpen.

[0008] Furthermore, the pig farm pigpen includes a fence, on which a mounting frame is fixedly installed, and multiple sets of odor collection units are fixedly installed inside the mounting frame. A canopy is fixedly installed on the top of the fence, and a top cover is fixedly installed on the top surface of the canopy. A door is hingedly installed on the fence.

[0009] Furthermore, the odor collection unit includes an extraction hood fixedly installed in the mounting frame. An electric motor is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the extraction hood via a motor mounting bracket. A fan blade is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric motor. A metal mesh is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the extraction hood.

[0010] Furthermore, the NH3 sensor and H2S sensor are located inside the fume extraction hood and protected by a metal mesh at the bottom of the hood. The NH3 sensor and H2S sensor are connected to an external PLC controller.

[0011] Furthermore, the pretreatment unit includes a treatment tank fixedly installed at the end of the connecting pipe. A partition is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the treatment tank. A water curtain pipe is inserted into the treatment tank. A first pump body is installed on the water curtain pipe and fixedly installed on the treatment tank via a motor mounting bracket. A drain outlet is provided on the surface of the treatment tank for discharging wastewater.

[0012] Furthermore, the biodegradation unit includes a microbial reaction tower fixedly installed at the end of the connecting pipe. A packing plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the microbial reaction tower. The packing plate is filled with composite biological packing material, and a specific composite microbial agent is attached to the composite biological packing material.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: NH3 and H2S sensors act as sensory nerves, monitoring the pigsty environment in real time. When the detected values ​​exceed the preset thresholds in the PLC controller, the controller automatically instructs the odor collection unit, pretreatment unit, and biodecomposition unit to start, forming an intelligent closed loop of perception, decision-making, and execution. Simultaneously, by directly integrating the NH3 and H2S sensors at the inlet of the odor collection unit, and embedding the microbial activity detection sensor inside the packing material, the metabolic activity of the microbial community can be directly reflected. When the sensor detects that the microbial activity has decreased to a set threshold, the PLC controller automatically starts the second pump to replenish the microbial agent. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fence of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the odor collection unit of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pretreatment unit and the biodegradation unit of the present invention; Figure 6 This is the present invention. Figure 5 A sectional view; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the preprocessing unit of the present invention; Attached reference numerals: 1. Pigpen in pig farm; 101. Fence; 102. Mounting frame; 103. Roof; 104. Top cover; 105. Door; 2. Odor collection unit; 201. Exhaust hood; 202. Motor; 203. Fan blade; 204. Metal mesh; 3. Centralized air duct; 4. Pretreatment unit; 401. Treatment tank; 402. Partition plate; 403. Water curtain pipe; 404. First pump body; 405. Drain outlet; 5. Connecting pipe; 6. Biodegradation unit; 601. Microbial reaction tower; 602. Packing plate; 603. Composite biological packing material; 7. Microbial agent dosing unit; 701. Sealing cover; 702. Dosing nozzle; 703. Second pump body; 704. Feeding pipe; 705. Microbial agent tank; 8. NH3 sensor; 9. H2S sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0016] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0017] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0018] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inner", "outer", "upper", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0019] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, an intelligent deodorization device for pig farms based on microbial decomposition includes a pigsty 1 in the pig farm; Specifically, the pig farm pigpen 1 includes a fence 101, a mounting frame 102 is fixedly installed on the fence 101, multiple sets of odor collection units 2 are fixedly installed inside the mounting frame 102, a canopy 103 is fixedly installed on the top of the fence 101, a top cover 104 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the canopy 103, and a door 105 is hingedly installed on the fence 101.

[0020] More specifically, the mounting frame 102 provides modular and standardized installation interfaces for multiple odor collection units 2, allowing collection points to be evenly distributed above the pigsty and facilitating the formation of a stable negative pressure airflow at the exhaust hood 201, thereby improving odor collection efficiency.

[0021] Multiple odor collection units 2 are installed on pigpen 1 in the pig farm; Specifically, the odor collection unit 2 includes an exhaust hood 201 fixedly installed in the mounting bracket 102. An electric motor 202 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the exhaust hood 201 via a motor mounting bracket. A fan blade 203 is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric motor 202. A metal mesh 204 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the exhaust hood 201.

[0022] More specifically, the motor 202 drives the fan blades 203 to rotate at high speed, forming a local negative pressure zone below the exhaust hood 201, which actively and forcibly draws the odor permeating the pigsty into the system; the metal mesh 204 acts as the first physical barrier, effectively intercepting larger particles such as pig hair and feed dust, preventing them from entering the main air duct 3 and causing blockage or wear. At the same time, by integrating the motor 202 inside the exhaust hood 201, the structure is compact, and the speed is uniformly controlled according to PLC instructions, so as to realize the air volume adjustment on demand and optimize energy consumption.

[0023] Multiple odor collection units 2 are connected to a collection duct 3, and a pretreatment unit 4 is connected to the end of the collection duct 3. Specifically, the pretreatment unit 4 includes a treatment tank 401 fixedly installed at the end of the connecting pipe 5. A partition 402 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the treatment tank 401. A water curtain pipe 403 is inserted into the treatment tank 401. A first pump body 404 is provided on the water curtain pipe 403. The first pump body 404 is fixedly installed on the treatment tank 401 via a motor mounting bracket. A drain outlet 405 is provided on the surface of the treatment tank 401 for wastewater discharge.

[0024] More specifically, the baffle 402 changes the flow path of the exhaust gas in the tank, extending its contact time with the water curtain; the first pump body 404 pumps water into the water curtain pipe 403 to form a dense water curtain, which washes the exhaust gas, removing most of the dust and some water-soluble pollutants from the exhaust gas; the design of the drain outlet 405 allows the wastewater with deposited pollutants to be discharged periodically or enter the subsequent sewage treatment facilities.

[0025] The output of the pretreatment unit 4 is connected to the biodegradation unit 6 via the connecting pipe 5; Specifically, the biodegradation unit 6 includes a microbial reaction tower 601 fixedly installed at the end of the connecting pipe 5. A packing plate 602 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the microbial reaction tower 601. A composite biological packing 603 is placed on the packing plate 602, and a specific composite microbial agent is attached to the composite biological packing 603.

[0026] More specifically, the pretreated waste gas is uniformly passed through a reaction tower filled with composite biological packing 603. The huge specific surface area of ​​the packing provides an ideal place for microorganisms to attach and grow. The specific bacterial agents loaded on it are screened and compounded to target the main components of odor from pig farming (NH3, H2S, VOCs). At the same time, the layered support of the composite biological packing 603 by the packing plate 602 optimizes the airflow distribution and the three-dimensional ecological niche of the microbial community in the tower. This allows microorganisms with different needs, such as aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms, to each find their place and work synergistically to achieve efficient and stable removal of complex mixed odors.

[0027] A microbial agent dosing unit 7 is provided at the top of the biodegradation unit 6; Specifically, the microbial agent dosing unit 7 includes a sealing cover 701 fixedly installed on the top surface of the biodegradation unit 6. A dispensing nozzle 702 is inserted into the sealing cover 701, and a second pump body 703 is provided on the dispensing nozzle 702. The input end of the dispensing nozzle 702 is connected to the microbial agent tank 705 via a feeding pipe 704.

[0028] More specifically, the sealing cap 701 ensures the airtightness of the reaction tower 601, preventing odor leakage; the second pump body 703, the feed pipe 704, and the bacterial agent tank 705 constitute an independent and reliable bacterial agent replenishment system. At the same time, by placing the dispensing nozzle 702 at the top of the tower, the bacterial agent can be evenly sprayed from top to bottom onto the surface of the composite biological packing 603, achieving full-tower coverage replenishment of the bacterial solution. This is convenient to operate, simplifies the maintenance process, and ensures the long-term stability and reliability of the biological treatment system.

[0029] In some practical applications, the dispensing nozzle 702 is located above the composite biological packing material 603, and a microbial activity detection sensor is installed inside the composite biological packing material 603.

[0030] More specifically, microbial activity detection sensors (not shown separately in the figure, such as pH sensors, dissolved oxygen sensors, or specific bioelectrochemical sensors) are embedded inside the packing material, directly reflecting the metabolic activity level of the microbial community. Simultaneously, by deeply coupling the "activity detection" and "microbial agent addition" functional modules in the PLC control logic, when the sensor detects a decrease in microbial activity to a set threshold, the PLC controller automatically activates the second pump 703 to replenish the microbial agent. This ensures optimal deodorization while maximizing cost savings on microbial agents and maintaining the long-term high efficiency of the biological system.

[0031] The odor collection unit 2 is equipped with an NH3 sensor 8 and an H2S sensor 9, which are used to detect the concentrations of NH3 and H2S in the pigpen 1 of the pig farm. In some practical applications, the NH3 sensor 8 and the H2S sensor 9 are located inside the fume extraction hood 201 and protected by the metal mesh 204 at the bottom of the fume extraction hood 201. The NH3 sensor 8 and the H2S sensor 9 are connected to an external PLC controller.

[0032] More specifically, the NH3 sensor 8 and H2S sensor 9 are positioned at the forefront of the odor confluence, enabling them to capture the original gas concentration closest to the pigs' activity area in real time and monitor accurate data. The metal mesh 204 protects the sensor probes while indirectly performing preliminary gas equalization. Furthermore, by connecting the sensor signals to the PLC controller in real time, it not only enables intelligent start-up and shutdown of the system but also provides a data foundation for future big data analysis and early warning of pig herd health status (such as using abnormally high ammonia concentrations to warn of digestive tract diseases).

[0033] In summary: NH3 sensor 8 and H2S sensor 9 monitor the concentration of odorous gases in the pigsty in real time and transmit the signals to the PLC controller. When the concentration exceeds the set threshold, the PLC controller automatically starts the motor 202 of the odor collection unit 2, drawing the odorous gas through the collection duct 3 to the pretreatment unit 4. In the pretreatment unit 4, the waste gas is washed by a water curtain formed by spraying through the water curtain pipe 403, and most of the dust and some soluble pollutants are settled and removed. The wastewater is discharged through the drain outlet 405. The pre-purified waste gas enters the biological decomposition unit 6 through the connecting pipe 5. In the microbial reaction tower 601, the waste gas comes into full contact with the specific composite microbial agent attached to the composite biological packing 603. Through their own metabolism, the microorganisms convert the odorous gases (such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide) into odorless or low-toxic substances. Meanwhile, the microbial activity detection sensor inside the composite biological packing 603 continuously monitors the status of the microbial community. Once the activity is lower than the preset value, the PLC controller automatically starts the second pump 703 of the microbial agent dosing unit 7, and sprays the fresh microbial liquid in the microbial agent tank 705 evenly onto the surface of the packing through the dosing nozzle 702, thereby restoring and enhancing the biodegradation capacity.

[0034] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of protection claimed by the appended claims and their equivalents is defined.

Claims

1. A smart deodorization device for pig farms based on microbial decomposition, characterized in that, The system includes a pigpen (1) in a pig farm. The pigpen (1) is equipped with multiple sets of odor collection units (2), and the multiple sets of odor collection units (2) are connected to a collection duct (3). The end of the collection duct (3) is connected to a pretreatment unit (4). The output end of the pretreatment unit (4) is connected to a biodegradation unit (6) via a connecting pipe (5). The top of the biodegradation unit (6) is equipped with a microbial agent dosing unit (7). The odor collection unit (2) is embedded with an NH3 sensor (8) and an H2S sensor (9) for detecting the concentration of NH3 and H2S in the pigpen (1) in the pig farm.

2. The intelligent deodorization device for pig farms based on microbial decomposition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pig farm pigpen (1) includes a fence (101), a mounting frame (102) is fixedly installed on the fence (101), and multiple sets of odor collection units (2) are fixedly installed inside the mounting frame (102). A canopy (103) is fixedly installed on the top of the fence (101), a top cover (104) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the canopy (103), and a door (105) is hinged on the fence (101).

3. The intelligent deodorization device for pig farms based on microbial decomposition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The odor collection unit (2) includes an exhaust hood (201) fixedly installed in the mounting frame (102). An electric motor (202) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the exhaust hood (201) by a motor mounting bracket. A fan blade (203) is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric motor (202). A metal mesh (204) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the exhaust hood (201).

4. The intelligent deodorization device for pig farms based on microbial decomposition according to claim 3, characterized in that, The NH3 sensor (8) and H2S sensor (9) are located inside the fume extraction hood (201) and protected by a metal mesh (204) at the bottom of the fume extraction hood (201). The NH3 sensor (8) and H2S sensor (9) are connected to an external PLC controller.

5. The intelligent deodorization device for pig farms based on microbial decomposition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pretreatment unit (4) includes a treatment tank (401) fixedly installed at the end of the connecting pipe (5). A partition (402) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the treatment tank (401). A water curtain pipe (403) is inserted into the treatment tank (401). A first pump body (404) is provided on the water curtain pipe (403), and the first pump body (404) is fixedly installed on the treatment tank (401) via a motor mounting bracket. A drain outlet (405) is provided on the surface of the treatment tank (401) for wastewater discharge.

6. The intelligent deodorization device for pig farms based on microbial decomposition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biodegradation unit (6) includes a microbial reaction tower (601) fixedly installed at the end of the connecting pipe (5). A packing plate (602) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the microbial reaction tower (601). A composite biological packing material (603) is placed on the packing plate (602), and a specific composite microbial agent is attached to the composite biological packing material (603).

7. The intelligent deodorization device for pig farms based on microbial decomposition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microbial agent dosing unit (7) includes a sealing cover (701) fixedly installed on the top surface of the biodegradation unit (6). A dispensing nozzle (702) is inserted into the sealing cover (701), and a second pump body (703) is provided on the dispensing nozzle (702). The input end of the dispensing nozzle (702) is connected to the microbial agent tank (705) via a feeding pipe (704).

8. The intelligent deodorization device for pig farms based on microbial decomposition according to claim 7, characterized in that, The dispensing nozzle (702) is located above the composite biological packing material (603), and a microbial activity detection sensor is provided inside the composite biological packing material (603).

Images