A preoperative patient position cushion quick shaping device

Abstract

The preoperative patient position pad rapid shaping device disclosed by the application comprises a vacuum negative pressure body position pad, a rack, a profiling pressing block array, a driving mechanism and a negative pressure linkage mechanism. The vacuum negative pressure body position pad is placed on a workbench top. The profiling pressing block array is composed of a plurality of pressing block units capable of independent vertical movement and is arranged above the workbench top. The driving mechanism is installed on the rack and is in transmission connection with the profiling pressing block array, and is used for driving the plurality of pressing block units to move downward to a preset position synchronously. The negative pressure linkage mechanism is arranged on the rack and is connected with the driving mechanism and a negative pressure valve of the body position pad, and is used for automatically opening the negative pressure valve when the driving mechanism moves to the preset position. The profiling pressing block array and the driving mechanism are used for realizing rapid shaping of the body position pad, and the negative pressure linkage mechanism is used for realizing automatic connection of shaping completion and negative pressure opening, so that the problems of experience dependence, low efficiency and poor standardization in manual shaping are effectively solved, and the efficiency and quality of preoperative body position preparation are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention specifically relates to a device for rapid shaping of a preoperative patient positioning pad. Background Technology

[0002] In surgeries such as spinal surgery, neurosurgery, and urology, positioning the patient appropriately is a crucial part of preoperative preparation. Especially for special surgical positions such as prone and lateral decubitus positions, specialized positioning devices are required to reliably immobilize the patient, ensuring adequate exposure of the surgical field and preventing surgical risks caused by intraoperative patient displacement.

[0003] Currently, vacuum negative pressure positioning pads are widely used in clinical practice for patient positioning. These pads are filled with high-molecular-weight microparticles, which have good plasticity when not vacuumed. During use, medical staff place the unvacuumed pad under the patient and manually press it to conform to the patient's body contours. Then, a vacuum is drawn, causing the microparticles to tightly pack together and solidify, forming a personalized positioning pad that perfectly matches the patient's body shape. These positioning pads have advantages such as good shapeability, X-ray permeability, and no pressure points, and have become a standard instrument for prone surgery.

[0004] However, the shaping process of existing vacuum negative pressure positioning pads has the following technical defects: First, the shaping effect depends heavily on the operator's experience. Currently, in clinical practice, nurses often use their palms to repeatedly press the positioning pads for shaping, and the quality of the shaping depends entirely on the operator's feel, experience, and skill. For patients with asymmetrical body shapes or complex positions, it is difficult to ensure symmetry between the left and right sides, and it is also difficult to provide precise support for key areas such as the armpit, iliac crest, and breast. Clinical studies have shown that improper positioning is one of the important causes of intraoperative pressure injuries, brachial plexus injuries, and other complications.

[0005] Secondly, the procedure is time-consuming and labor-intensive. For larger patients or those requiring special positioning, nurses need to repeatedly press and adjust the position, often requiring multiple nurses to work together, which consumes a lot of physical strength and valuable preoperative preparation time. Literature reports that in a complex prone surgery, the shaping time for the positioning pad can reach 15-20 minutes, significantly prolonging the surgical turnaround time.

[0006] Third, the shaping results lack standardization and repeatability. The shape of the positioning pad may vary significantly depending on the patient's position in different surgeries or the surgeon's skill. This uncertainty not only affects the repeatability of surgical positioning but also makes intraoperative positioning adjustments difficult, failing to meet the standardized procedures required for precision medicine.

[0007] Fourth, there is a time lag between shaping and vacuuming. In the current operating procedure, after shaping is completed, it is necessary to manually determine when shaping is finished and manually open the negative pressure valve. Due to the time delay between the completion of shaping and the opening of the negative pressure, the positioning pad will gradually rebound and deform due to the elasticity of the material, resulting in a decrease in shaping accuracy. This technical problem has not been effectively solved for a long time. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a rapid shaping device for preoperative patient positioning pads, which has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and can achieve rapid and standardized shaping.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a rapid shaping device for a preoperative patient positioning pad, comprising: Vacuum negative pressure positioning pad; A frame, on which a work surface is provided for placing a vacuum negative pressure body pad to be shaped; The contour-following pressure block array consists of multiple pressure block units that can move independently vertically. The pressure block unit array is arranged above the worktable surface and is used to press the positioning pad downwards. A drive mechanism, mounted on the frame and connected to the contoured pressing block array, is used to drive multiple pressing block units to move synchronously downward to a preset position. A negative pressure linkage mechanism is installed on the frame and connected to the drive mechanism and the negative pressure valve of the positioning pad; the negative pressure linkage mechanism is used to automatically open the negative pressure valve when the drive mechanism moves to a preset position.

[0010] Furthermore, the drive mechanism includes: A manual crank is rotatably mounted on the side of the frame; The drive shaft is rotatably mounted on the top of the frame and fixedly connected to the manual crank; Multiple cams are fixedly sleeved on the drive shaft, and each cam abuts against the upper end of at least one of the pressing block units; The outer edge profile of the cam is an involute profile, which is used to convert the rotational motion of the drive shaft into the linear motion of the pressure block unit.

[0011] Furthermore, each of the pressing units includes: A guide rod, vertically arranged, is slidably inserted into a guide hole provided on the top of the frame, and the upper end of the guide rod abuts against the corresponding cam. A contouring indenter is fixedly connected to the lower end of the guide rod, and the lower end surface of the contouring indenter is an ergonomic curved surface. A reset pull member is connected between the frame and the conforming pressure head, and is used to provide an elastic force to drive the conforming pressure head to reset upward.

[0012] Furthermore, the negative pressure linkage mechanism includes: A negative pressure connector is installed on the frame and connected to the negative pressure valve of the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad; A conversion mechanism is connected between the drive shaft and the negative pressure connector, which is used to convert the rotation of the drive shaft into the horizontal forward movement of the negative pressure connector to open the negative pressure valve for inflation.

[0013] Furthermore, the conversion mechanism includes A pressure accumulation unit is further provided between each of the pressure block units and its corresponding cam, the pressure accumulation unit being used to accumulate the thrust of the cam on the pressure block unit; and A pressure accumulation threshold unlocking mechanism is connected between the negative pressure connector and the pressure accumulation unit. When the thrust of the pressure accumulation unit accumulates to a preset value, the pressure accumulation threshold unlocking mechanism drives the negative pressure connector to move and open the negative pressure valve.

[0014] Furthermore, the pressure accumulation unit includes: The upper end of the upper push rod, which is mounted on the frame and can slide up and down, abuts against the cam. The lower end of the push rod, which is mounted on the frame and can slide up and down, abuts against the upper end of the guide rod. A pressure spring is connected between the upper push rod and the lower push rod; A one-way locking mechanism is provided between the upper push rod and the lower push rod to allow the lower push rod to move downward relative to the frame and lock its position, preventing it from resetting upward.

[0015] Furthermore, the one-way locking mechanism includes: A ratchet rack is provided on the side wall of the lower push rod; A pawl is pivotally mounted on the frame and engages unidirectionally with the ratchet rack; A return spring is disposed between the pawl and the frame to drive the pawl to maintain its engagement tendency with the ratchet rack.

[0016] Furthermore, the pressure accumulation threshold unlocking mechanism includes: A trigger paddle is fixedly installed on each of the lower push rods; A push rod, which is arranged parallel to the drive shaft. A pull elastic element, connected between the push rod and the frame, is used to drive the push rod to move along its axial direction; and A plurality of blocking blocks are spaced apart on the push rod and are configured to correspond one-to-one with the trigger paddles. The end of each trigger paddle can slide up and down to abut against the blocking block.

[0017] Furthermore, the side of the blocking block facing the trigger paddle is wedge-shaped, and the wedge-shaped surface is inclined from top to bottom away from the trigger paddle.

[0018] Furthermore, the contouring pressure block array includes multiple zones, including a head zone corresponding to the human head, a shoulder and back zone corresponding to the shoulders and back, a waist zone corresponding to the waist, a hip zone corresponding to the buttocks, and a lower limb zone corresponding to the lower limbs; the lower end face of the contouring pressure head in different zones has different contouring curved surfaces that match the corresponding human body parts; and the pressure springs of the pressure accumulation units in different zones have different stiffness coefficients.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The aforementioned preoperative patient positioning pad rapid shaping device has at least the following advantages: First, this invention employs a contour-following pressure block array, composed of multiple independently movable vertical pressure block units, which synchronously press downwards onto the positioning pad under the drive of a driving mechanism. This structural design eliminates reliance on manual feel and experience in shaping the positioning pad, instead achieving uniform and controllable pressure through a mechanized pressure block array. The matrix arrangement of the pressure block units ensures uniform force distribution across all parts of the positioning pad, avoiding the uneven local pressure issues caused by manual pressing and significantly improving the shaping quality.

[0020] Secondly, traditional manual shaping requires nurses to repeatedly press and adjust the position, often requiring multiple nurses to work together for larger patients or those in complex positions, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. This invention uses a drive mechanism to drive all the pressure block units to move synchronously, completing the shaping of the entire positioning pad in one operation. This reduces the shaping time from the traditional 15-20 minutes to 1-2 minutes, greatly improving the efficiency of preoperative preparation and reducing the physical burden on medical staff.

[0021] Third, the invention incorporates a negative pressure linkage mechanism. When the drive mechanism moves to a preset position, the negative pressure valve of the positioning pad automatically opens. This design solves the technical problem of the time difference between the completion of shaping and the activation of negative pressure in traditional operations, which leads to the rebound deformation of the positioning pad. The mechanical linkage ensures that vacuuming is initiated immediately after shaping, allowing the positioning pad to solidify under optimal pressure, thus guaranteeing the stability of shaping accuracy.

[0022] Fourth, this invention achieves precise control of the shaping process through a mechanical structure, allowing the same operating parameters to be used for multiple surgeries on the same patient, ensuring the consistency of the positioning pad's shape. This is particularly important for patients requiring multiple surgeries, ensuring the repeatability of surgical positioning and facilitating the implementation of surgical standardization and precision medicine. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the specific embodiments will be briefly described below. In all the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a front view of a preoperative patient positioning pad rapid shaping device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the preoperative patient positioning pad rapid shaping device shown; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the preoperative patient positioning pad rapid shaping device from another angle; Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 5 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram at point B in the middle; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the pressure accumulation unit in the preoperative patient positioning pad rapid shaping device shown; Figure 7 for Figure 6 The diagram shows the pressure accumulation state of the pressure accumulation unit in the preoperative patient positioning pad rapid shaping device. Figure label: 100. Vacuum negative pressure positioning pad; 200. Frame; 300. Contouring pressure block array; 310. Pressure block unit; 311. Guide rod; 312. Contouring pressure head; 313. Reset pull element; 400. Drive mechanism; 410. Manual crank; 420. Drive shaft; 430. Cam; 500. Negative pressure linkage mechanism; 510. Negative pressure connector; 520. Conversion mechanism; 521. Pressure accumulation unit; 5211. Upper push rod; 5212. Lower push rod; 5213. Pressure spring; 5214. One-way locking mechanism; 5215. Ratchet; 5216. Pawl; 5217. Reset spring; 5218. Pull rod; 522. Pressure accumulation threshold unlocking mechanism; 5221. Trigger paddle; 5222. Push rod; 5223. Pull elastic element; 5224. Block; 5225. Wedge surface. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the invention; therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0026] Please see Figures 1 to 7 The present invention provides a rapid shaping device for a preoperative patient positioning pad, comprising a vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100, a frame 200, a contouring pressure block array 300, a drive mechanism 400, and a negative pressure linkage mechanism 500.

[0027] Please see Figures 1 to 3 The vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100 is a commonly used positioning device in existing technology. It is filled with polymer microparticles, which have good plasticity when not in a vacuum state and can be shaped by external force to conform to the patient's body contours. After vacuuming, the microparticles are tightly arranged, and the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100 solidifies and sets, forming a personalized positioning pad that matches the patient's body shape. The vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100 is equipped with a negative pressure valve for connecting a negative pressure device to perform vacuuming operations.

[0028] A horizontal worktable is provided in the middle of the frame 200 for placing the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100 to be shaped. A lifting mechanism is provided between the worktable and the frame 200, which can adjust the height of the worktable according to the operator's height and operating habits, thereby improving operating comfort.

[0029] The contour-following pressure block array 300 consists of multiple independently movable vertical pressure block units 310, arranged in a matrix and positioned directly above the worktable. Each pressure block unit 310 can move independently in the vertical direction to press downwards onto the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100, creating a depression that corresponds to the contour of the human body. The number and arrangement density of the pressure block units 310 can be designed as needed.

[0030] The drive mechanism 400 is mounted on the frame 200 and is connected to the contour pressing block array 300. The drive mechanism 400 is used to generate driving force and drive multiple pressing block units 310 to move downward synchronously to a preset position.

[0031] The negative pressure linkage mechanism 500 is mounted on the frame 200 and is connected to the drive mechanism 400 and the negative pressure valve of the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100, respectively. The negative pressure linkage mechanism 500 is configured to automatically open the negative pressure valve of the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100 when the drive mechanism 400 moves to a preset position, so that the negative pressure device starts to draw a vacuum, allowing the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100 to solidify and form under pressure.

[0032] When using this device to shape the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100, medical staff first place the unvacuumed vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100 on the workbench and connect the negative pressure valve of the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100 to the negative pressure linkage mechanism 500. Then, the drive mechanism 400 is activated, which drives all the pressing block units 310 to move downwards synchronously, compressing the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100 to gradually form a depression corresponding to the contour of the human body. During this process, medical staff can judge the shaping progress by observation or touch. When the drive mechanism 400 moves to the preset position, that is, when all the pressing block units 310 have descended to the preset depth, the negative pressure linkage mechanism 500 is triggered, automatically opening the negative pressure valve of the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100. The external negative pressure device then begins to vacuum, and the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100 gradually solidifies under pressure, ultimately forming a personalized positioning pad that perfectly matches the patient's body shape. After the shaping is completed, the drive mechanism 400 moves in the opposite direction, driving the pressure block unit 310 to reset upwards. The operator can then remove the molded vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100 from the workbench for patient positioning.

[0033] This embodiment uses a drive mechanism 400 to drive the contouring pressure block array 300 to move synchronously, achieving rapid and uniform compression of the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100, significantly improving shaping efficiency and quality. The negative pressure linkage mechanism 500 automatically connects the completion of shaping with the activation of negative pressure, avoiding the rebound deformation of the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100 caused by delays in manual operation. The device has a simple overall structure and is easy to operate, greatly improving the standardization and repeatability of preoperative vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100 shaping. It addresses the problems of traditional positioning and fixation devices occupying space and affecting operation. This embodiment further defines the specific structure of the drive mechanism 400. The drive mechanism 400 includes a manual crank 410, a drive shaft 420, and multiple cams 430. The manual crank 410 is mounted on the side of the frame 200, and one end is provided with a handle for easy gripping and cranking by medical personnel. The shaft of the manual crank 410 is rotatably supported on the frame 200 by rolling bearings, ensuring flexible and smooth rotation.

[0034] The drive shaft 420 is horizontally and rotatably mounted on the top of the frame 200. One end of the drive shaft 420 is fixedly connected to the shaft of the manual crank 410 via a coupling, and the two rotate synchronously.

[0035] Multiple cams 430 are fixedly sleeved on the drive shaft 420 and arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the drive shaft 420. Each cam 430 abuts against the upper end of at least one pressure block unit 310. The outer edge profile of the cam 430 is an involute profile, that is, the radius of the cam 430 changes linearly with the rotation angle. When the drive shaft 420 rotates, the cam 430 rotates accordingly, and its contact point with the upper end of the pressure block unit 310 moves along the involute profile, thereby driving the pressure block unit 310 to move up and down in the vertical direction.

[0036] When medical staff crank the manual crank 410 clockwise, the manual crank 410 drives the transmission shaft 420 to rotate, and all the cams 430 fixedly mounted on the transmission shaft 420 rotate synchronously. Because the cams 430 have an involute profile, as the cams 430 rotate, their contact point with the upper end of the pressure block unit 310 gradually moves from the base circle portion to the lift portion, and the radius of the contact point gradually increases, thus pushing the pressure block unit 310 downwards against the elastic force of the return spring 5217. The larger the rotation angle of the cam 430, the larger the radius of the contact point, and the greater the downward distance of the pressure block unit 310. When the cam 430 rotates to the maximum lift position, the pressure block unit 310 descends to its maximum depth. When the manual crank 410 is cranked in the opposite direction, the cams 430 rotate in the opposite direction, and their contact point with the upper end of the pressure block unit 310 gradually moves from the lift portion to the base circle portion, and the radius of the contact point gradually decreases. The pressure block unit 310 returns to its original position under the action of the return spring 5217. The operator can control the downward depth of the pressing unit 310 by manually rotating the crank 410 or by adjusting the position indicated by the pointer.

[0037] Please see Figure 1 In this embodiment, each pressure block unit 310 includes a guide rod 311, a contour pressure head 312, and a return spring 5217.

[0038] The guide rod 311 is a cylindrical metal rod, vertically positioned, and slides up and down through a guide hole in the top of the frame 200. A self-lubricating copper sleeve or linear bearing is embedded in the guide hole to reduce frictional resistance during sliding and ensure smooth movement. The upper end of the guide rod 311 extends above the top plate of the frame 200 to abut against the corresponding cam 430. The lower end of the guide rod 311 extends downward through the top plate of the frame 200 to connect to the contouring pressure head 312.

[0039] The contouring indenter 312 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the guide rod 311. The contouring indenter 312 is made of medical-grade polymer materials, such as medical-grade silicone and polyurethane elastomer, and has good elasticity and biocompatibility. The lower end face of the contouring indenter 312 is an ergonomic curved surface, designed with different shapes according to the anatomical characteristics of different human body parts, such as an arc-shaped protrusion corresponding to the scapular region, a depression corresponding to the spinal region, and a flat curved surface corresponding to the buttocks.

[0040] The reset pull member 313 is connected to the upper end face of the frame 200 and the contouring pressure head 312. The reset spring 5217 is always in a compressed state, providing an elastic force to drive the contouring pressure head 312 to reset upwards. The stiffness coefficient of the reset pull member 313 is calculated and selected to ensure reliable reset of the pressure head when no external force is applied, without causing excessive resistance to the drive of the cam 430.

[0041] When the cam 430 rotates and pushes the guide rod 311 downward, the guide rod 311 drives the contouring pressure head 312 to simultaneously press the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100 downward. At this time, the return spring 5217 is further compressed, storing elastic potential energy. As the pressure depth increases, the reaction force of the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100 on the contouring pressure head 312 gradually increases, and this reaction force is transmitted to the cam 430 through the guide rod 311.

[0042] When the cam 430 rotates to its highest point and begins to reverse, the downward pressure of the cam 430 on the guide rod 311 gradually decreases. The reset pull member 313 begins to release the stored elastic potential energy, pulling the contouring pressure head 312 and the guide rod 311 upward, gradually restoring them to their initial position. The elastic force of the reset spring 5217 ensures that the pressure block unit 310 can automatically reset without manual intervention.

[0043] The ergonomic curved surface design of the lower end of the contouring pressure head 312 allows it to form a concave shape that matches the corresponding part of the human body when pressing the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100. For example, the contouring pressure head 312 corresponding to the shoulder and back has an arc-shaped convex surface that can form a concave shape on the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100 to accommodate the scapula; the contouring pressure head 312 corresponding to the waist has a concave surface that can form a protrusion on the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100 to support the waist.

[0044] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 In this embodiment, the negative pressure linkage mechanism 500 includes a negative pressure connector 510 and a conversion mechanism 520.

[0045] A negative pressure connector 510 is installed on the frame 200. The front end of the negative pressure connector 510 has an interface that matches the negative pressure valve of the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100. A sealing ring is provided inside the interface to ensure airtightness when connected to the negative pressure valve. The rear end of the negative pressure connector 510 is connected to the conversion mechanism 520.

[0046] The conversion mechanism 520 is connected between the drive shaft 420 and the negative pressure connector 510 to convert the rotational motion of the drive shaft 420 into the horizontal forward motion of the negative pressure connector 510, so as to open the negative pressure valve to perform vacuuming.

[0047] During the molding process, the drive shaft 420 rotates with the rotation of the manual crank 410. When the drive shaft 420 rotates to a preset angle, the drive gear fixedly mounted on the drive shaft 420 rotates accordingly. Through meshing with the rack, the rotational motion is converted into linear motion, driving the negative pressure connector 510 to slide forward along the horizontal guide rail. As the negative pressure connector 510 moves forward, its front end engages with the negative pressure valve of the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100 and continues to push forward, overcoming the spring force inside the negative pressure valve to open it. After the negative pressure valve is opened, the external negative pressure device communicates with the inside of the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100 through the channel inside the negative pressure connector 510, and begins to draw a vacuum, causing the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100 to solidify and form under pressure.

[0048] After shaping, medical staff crank the manual crank 410 in the opposite direction, causing the transmission shaft 420 to rotate in the opposite direction. This drives the negative pressure connector 510 to return to its original position, disengaging it from the negative pressure valve. The negative pressure valve then automatically closes under the action of its internal spring, maintaining the vacuum state of the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100.

[0049] Specifically, the conversion mechanism 520 includes a pressure accumulation unit 521 and a pressure accumulation threshold unlocking mechanism 522.

[0050] A pressure accumulation unit 521 is disposed between each pressure block unit 310 and the corresponding cam 430 to accumulate the thrust of the cam 430 on the pressure block unit 310. The pressure accumulation unit 521 can sense the pressure on the pressure block unit 310 and temporarily store the pressure energy. When the pressure block unit 310 presses the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100, the reaction force of the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100 is transmitted to the cam 430 through the pressure accumulation unit 521, and the elastic element in the pressure accumulation unit 521 is compressed, storing the pressure energy.

[0051] The pressure accumulation threshold unlocking mechanism 522 is connected between the negative pressure connector 510 and the pressure accumulation unit 521. When the accumulated thrust of the pressure accumulation unit 521 reaches a preset threshold, the pressure accumulation threshold unlocking mechanism 522 is triggered, driving the negative pressure connector 510 to move forward and open the negative pressure valve. The pressure accumulation threshold unlocking mechanism 522 logically combines the pressure states of multiple pressure accumulation units 521, and only triggers the negative pressure opening when all or a preset number of pressure accumulation units 521 reach the pressure threshold.

[0052] This embodiment employs a pressure-triggered linkage method. During the shaping process, the cam 430 pushes the pressure block unit 310 downwards to compress the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100. As the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100 is gradually compressed, its reaction force gradually increases, and the pressure accumulation unit 521 senses and accumulates this pressure. Each pressure accumulation unit 521 independently monitors the pressure borne by its corresponding pressure block unit 310.

[0053] The pressure accumulation threshold unlocking mechanism 522 is only triggered when the pressure borne by all pressure accumulation units 521 reaches the preset threshold, that is, when all parts of the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100 are compressed to the ideal pressure state. This triggers the negative pressure connector 510 to move forward and open the negative pressure valve. If one or more pressure block units 310 fail to reach the threshold pressure due to shallow local indentation of the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100, the corresponding pressure accumulation unit 521 will not be triggered, the pressure accumulation threshold unlocking mechanism 522 will remain locked, and the negative pressure valve will not open.

[0054] This design ensures that the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100 only starts to cure after all key parts have reached the ideal compression pressure, thus avoiding incomplete shaping caused by insufficient local compression.

[0055] This method has the following advantages: First, it ensures that negative pressure curing is only initiated after all key parts of the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100 have been compressed to the ideal pressure state, avoiding incomplete shaping due to insufficient local compression; Second, the pressure accumulation unit 521 can temporarily store pressure energy, so even if the operator shakes the handle at an uneven speed, it will not affect the triggering accuracy; Third, the triggering method based on pressure thresholds is more in line with the physical nature of the shaping of the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100, that is, the core of shaping is to achieve sufficient compression pressure, rather than to achieve a fixed downward depth; Fourth, the pressure accumulation threshold unlocking mechanism 522 realizes multi-point logic and control, ensuring the consistency and standardization of shaping.

[0056] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 In this embodiment, the pressure accumulation unit 521 includes an upper push rod 5211, a lower push rod 5212, a pressure spring 5213, and a one-way locking mechanism 5214.

[0057] The upper push rod 5211 is mounted on the frame 200 and can slide up and down, with its upper end abutting against the cam 430. The upper push rod 5211 is used to receive the downward pressure applied by the cam 430 and transmit it to the pressure spring 5213.

[0058] The lower push rod 5212 is mounted on the frame 200 and can slide up and down, with its lower end abutting against the upper end of the guide rod 311. The lower push rod 5212 is used to transmit the elastic force of the pressure spring 5213 to the pressure block unit 310, pushing the pressure block unit 310 downward to press the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100.

[0059] A compression spring 5213 is connected between the upper push rod 5211 and the lower push rod 5212. Specifically, the upper end of the compression spring 5213 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper push rod 5211, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the upper end of the lower push rod 5212. In the initial state, the compression spring 5213 is in a free state or a slightly compressed state. When the upper push rod 5211 and the lower push rod 5212 move relative to each other, the compression spring 5213 is compressed or stretched, storing elastic potential energy.

[0060] A one-way locking mechanism 5214 is disposed between the upper push rod 5211 and the lower push rod 5212, which allows the lower push rod 5212 to move downward relative to the upper frame 200 and lock its position, preventing it from returning to its original position. The function of the one-way locking mechanism 5214 is to maintain the current position of the lower push rod 5212 after the pressure spring 5213 is compressed, preventing the pressure spring 5213 from rebounding, thereby storing the pressure energy in the pressure spring 5213.

[0061] When the cam 430 pushes the upper push rod 5211 downward, the upper push rod 5211 transmits force to the lower push rod 5212 through the pressure spring 5213, which in turn pushes the pressure block unit 310 downward to press the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100. As the reaction force of the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100 increases, the pressure spring 5213 is gradually compressed, and the distance between the upper push rod 5211 and the lower push rod 5212 gradually decreases. At this time, the one-way locking mechanism 5214 allows the lower push rod 5212 to move downward relative to the frame 200, but prevents it from returning to its original position.

[0062] Therefore, even if the cam 430 continues to move downwards, the lower push rod 5212 will remain in its current position, the compression of the pressure spring 5213 will be locked, and the pressure energy will be stored in the pressure spring 5213. This process continues until the compression of the pressure spring 5213 reaches a preset value, that is, the pressure reaches a preset threshold.

[0063] When the cam 430 moves in the reverse direction, the upper push rod 5211 moves upward, but the lower push rod 5212 remains stationary under the action of the one-way locking mechanism 5214, and the pressure spring 5213 continues to be compressed. Only when the one-way locking mechanism 5214 is unlocked can the pressure spring 5213 release its energy and push the lower push rod 5212 to return to its original position.

[0064] The pressure accumulation unit 521 in this embodiment has the following advantages: First, pressure energy is stored through the pressure spring 5213 to achieve pressure accumulation and sensing, and the structure is simple and reliable; Second, the position of the lower push rod 5212 is locked by the one-way locking mechanism 5214 to ensure that the pressure energy is stably maintained and will not fluctuate due to the movement of the cam 430, thereby improving the stability of pressure sensing; Third, the separate design of the upper push rod 5211 and the lower push rod 5212 allows the pressure accumulation unit 521 to sense pressure independently, unaffected by the movement trajectory of the cam 430; Fourth, the compression of the pressure spring 5213 is linearly related to the pressure magnitude, making it easy to design a preset pressure threshold through spring parameters.

[0065] This embodiment further defines the specific structure of the one-way locking mechanism 5214. The one-way locking mechanism 5214 includes a ratchet rack 5215, a pawl 5216, and a return spring 5217.

[0066] A ratchet rack 5215 is disposed on the side wall of the lower push rod 5212 and extends vertically. The ratchet rack 5215 has multiple unidirectional ratchet teeth, each ratchet tooth having an inclined guide surface and an upward locking surface.

[0067] The pawl 5216 is oscillatingly mounted on the frame 200 via a pivot. The lower end face of the pawl 5216 abuts against the locking surface, and the oscillation direction of the pawl 5216 is horizontal.

[0068] A return spring 5217 is disposed between the pawl 5216 and the frame 200 to drive the pawl 5216 to maintain its engagement tendency with the ratchet rack 5215.

[0069] When the upper push rod 5211 pushes the lower push rod 5212 together, the inclined surface of the ratchet teeth of the ratchet rack 5215 pushes the pawl 5216 to swing outward against the elastic force of the return spring 5217, causing the pawl 5216 to slide on the ratchet teeth. Since the guide surface of the ratchet teeth is inclined, the pawl 5216 can slide smoothly, allowing the lower push rod 5212 to move downward.

[0070] When the thrust of the upper push rod 5211 disappears or decreases, the lower push rod 5212 remains stationary due to the action of the pawl 5216, thus achieving one-way locking of the lower push rod 5212.

[0071] When unlocking is required, an external force is applied to push the actuating part of the pawl 5216, causing the pawl 5216 to swing in the opposite direction against the elastic force of the return spring 5217, disengaging from the ratchet rack 5215. At this time, the lower push rod 5212 loses its constraint and can be reset upward under the action of the pressure spring 5213.

[0072] In practical implementation, a lever 5218 can be installed on the pawl 5216, and the pawl 5216 can be unlocked by driving the lever 5218.

[0073] In this embodiment, the pressure accumulation threshold unlocking mechanism 522 includes a trigger paddle 5221, a push rod 5222, a pull elastic element 5223, and a stop block 5224.

[0074] The trigger lever 5221 is a horizontally positioned plate-shaped component, and one trigger lever 5221 is fixedly mounted on each lower push rod 5212. The trigger lever 5221 moves up and down synchronously with the lower push rod 5212. One end of the trigger lever 5221 extends towards the push rod 5222 for sliding contact with the stop block 5224.

[0075] The push rod 5222 is arranged parallel to the drive shaft 420 and can be slidably mounted on the frame 200 along the axial direction. One end of the push rod 5222 is connected to the negative pressure connector 510 and is used to drive the negative pressure connector 510 to move. The length direction of the push rod 5222 is parallel to the drive shaft 420 and extends in the horizontal direction.

[0076] A pull elastic element 5223 is connected between the push rod 5222 and the frame 200. The pull elastic element 5223 can be a tension spring, which is always in a stretched state, and is used to provide a pulling force to drive the push rod 5222 to move along its axis toward the negative pressure connector 510. The elastic force of the pull elastic element 5223 is calculated and selected to ensure that the push rod 5222 can move reliably after unlocking, but is not too large to affect the trigger sensitivity.

[0077] Multiple stop blocks 5224 are spaced apart on the push rod 5222, corresponding one-to-one with the trigger paddles 5221. The position of each stop block 5224 corresponds to the corresponding trigger paddle 5221. The end of each trigger paddle 5221 can slide up and down to abut against the corresponding stop block 5224. The stop blocks 5224 are used to block the movement of the push rod 5222. The push rod 5222 can only be released when all trigger paddles 5221 have moved to the point of disengaging from the stop blocks 5224.

[0078] In the initial state, all the lower push rods 5212 are in the upper position, and the trigger lever 5221 is in contact with the stop block 5224. The push rod 5222 tends to move towards the negative pressure connector 510 under the action of pulling the elastic element 5223, but is blocked by the stop block 5224 and cannot move.

[0079] As the molding process proceeds, each lower push rod 5212 gradually moves downward, causing the trigger plates 5221 to move downward synchronously. When a lower push rod 5212 reaches a preset position, its trigger plate 5221 disengages from the corresponding stop block 5224, releasing the horizontal constraint on the stop block 5224. Only when all the trigger plates 5221 are completely released from the constraint on the stop block 5224, under the action of the pulling elastic element 5223, the push rod 5222 moves axially, simultaneously causing the negative pressure connector 510 to move forward, opening the negative pressure valve and initiating vacuuming.

[0080] This method has the following advantages: First, by cooperating with the trigger paddle 5221 and the stop block 5224, the vertical movement of multiple downward push rods 5212 is converted into the horizontal movement of the push rod 5222, realizing multi-point logic and control; Second, the push rod 5222 can only move when all trigger paddles 5221 reach the preset position, ensuring that negative pressure is only activated after all pressure accumulation units 521 reach the pressure threshold; Third, the pulling elastic element 5223 provides driving force, eliminating the need for manual operation and achieving automatic triggering; Fourth, the contact method between the stop block 5224 and the trigger paddle 5221 is simple, reliable, and not prone to failure.

[0081] This embodiment further defines the specific structure of the blocking block 5224. The side of the blocking block 5224 facing the trigger paddle 5221 is a wedge-shaped surface 5225, which is inclined from top to bottom toward the side away from the trigger paddle 5221.

[0082] Specifically, the tilt angle of the wedge surface 5225 can be designed as needed, typically between 15 and 45 degrees. The starting point of the wedge surface 5225, i.e., the upper end, is closer to the horizontal distance of the trigger lever 5221; the ending point of the wedge surface 5225, i.e., the lower end, is farther from the horizontal distance of the trigger lever 5221, and the trigger lever 5221 slides along the wedge surface 5225.

[0083] It should be noted that in this application, the contouring block array 300 includes multiple partitions, including a head area corresponding to the human head, a shoulder and back area corresponding to the shoulders and back, a waist area corresponding to the waist, a buttock area corresponding to the buttocks, and a lower limb area corresponding to the lower limbs.

[0084] The contouring indenter 312 in different zones has different contouring surfaces to match the anatomical features of the corresponding human body parts: The lower end of the contoured pressure head in the head area is curved and concave to accommodate the back of the head, avoiding pressure on sensitive organs such as the eyes and ears. The radius of curvature of the concave shape is designed based on the average size of an adult head to ensure that the head and neck are in a neutral position.

[0085] The contoured pressure head for the shoulder and back area features a curved convex lower surface to support the scapular region, while a recessed area along the midline avoids the spinous processes of the spine. The height and position of the convexity have been determined through ergonomic research to ensure even pressure distribution in the shoulder and back area.

[0086] The lower end of the contoured pressure head in the lumbar region is concave to avoid the spinous processes of the spine while supporting the muscles on both sides of the lumbar region. The depth of the concavity is designed according to the physiological curvature of the lumbar spine to keep the lumbar spine in a functional position.

[0087] The lower end of the contoured pressure head in the buttock area is wide and flat, designed to support the buttocks and sacrum and distribute pressure. This area is relatively large, and the flat design ensures even pressure distribution and avoids excessive localized pressure.

[0088] The lower end of the contoured pressure head in the lower limb area is shaped like an arc-shaped groove to accommodate the thigh and calf, avoiding compression of blood vessels and nerves in the lower limb. The width and depth of the groove are designed according to the anatomical characteristics of the lower limb to ensure that the lower limb is in a comfortable position.

[0089] The pressure springs 5213 of the pressure accumulation unit 521 in different zones have different stiffness coefficients to achieve zone-specific pressure thresholds: For bony prominences such as the scapular region and the hip region, the stiffness coefficient of the compression spring 5213 is relatively large. This is because bony prominences require greater support force to ensure stable body positioning, and the soft tissue in these areas is relatively thin, requiring greater pressure to achieve the ideal compression state.

[0090] For areas with abundant soft tissue, such as the lumbar region, the stiffness coefficient of the compression spring 5213 is relatively small. This is because the lumbar region has abundant soft tissue, and a smaller pressure can achieve an ideal compression state; excessive pressure may lead to tissue damage.

[0091] For sensitive areas such as the head region, the stiffness coefficient of the pressure spring 5213 is moderate, ensuring both effective fixation and avoiding excessive pressure. The head contains vital organs such as the eyes and ears, requiring special protection; therefore, the pressure threshold has been carefully designed.

[0092] When using a vacuum negative pressure positioning pad (100mm), different parts of the body have different tolerances and requirements for pressure. Bony protrusions require strong support to prevent displacement, but excessive pressure can easily lead to skin injuries; areas rich in soft tissue need to distribute pressure evenly to avoid excessive local pressure; sensitive areas require special protection to avoid compressing vital organs.

[0093] By designing contoured pressure heads 312 in different shapes for different areas, the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100 can form a support surface that precisely matches various parts of the human body after shaping. Each pressure head is designed according to the anatomical characteristics of the corresponding part, ensuring that the shaped vacuum negative pressure positioning pad 100 can provide ergonomic support.

[0094] By setting pressure springs 5213 with different stiffnesses in different zones, negative pressure activation is triggered only after each zone reaches its ideal pressure threshold. The pressure springs 5213 in bony prominence areas have higher stiffness, requiring greater pressure to reach the preset compression amount; the pressure springs 5213 in soft tissue areas have lower stiffness, requiring only less pressure to reach the preset compression amount. In this way, during the shaping process, each zone will gradually reach its trigger condition according to its ideal pressure threshold, ensuring that all zones complete curing under ideal pressure.

[0095] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid shaping device for a preoperative patient positioning pad, characterized in that, include: Vacuum negative pressure positioning pad; A frame, wherein a work surface is provided on the frame for placing the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad to be shaped; The contour-following pressure block array consists of multiple pressure block units that can move independently vertically. The pressure block unit array is arranged above the worktable surface and is used to press the positioning pad downwards. A drive mechanism, mounted on the frame and connected to the contoured pressing block array, is used to drive multiple pressing block units to move synchronously downward to a preset position. A negative pressure linkage mechanism is installed on the frame and connected to the drive mechanism and the negative pressure valve of the positioning pad; the negative pressure linkage mechanism is used to automatically open the negative pressure valve when the drive mechanism moves to a preset position.

2. The rapid shaping device for preoperative patient positioning pads according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes: A manual crank is rotatably mounted on the side of the frame; The drive shaft is rotatably mounted on the top of the frame and fixedly connected to the manual crank; Multiple cams are fixedly sleeved on the drive shaft, and each cam abuts against the upper end of at least one of the pressing block units; The outer edge profile of the cam is an involute profile, which is used to convert the rotational motion of the drive shaft into the linear motion of the pressure block unit.

3. The rapid shaping device for preoperative patient positioning pads according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the pressing units includes: A guide rod, vertically arranged, is slidably inserted into a guide hole provided on the top of the frame, and the upper end of the guide rod abuts against the corresponding cam. A contouring indenter is fixedly connected to the lower end of the guide rod, and the lower end surface of the contouring indenter is an ergonomic curved surface. A reset pull member is connected between the frame and the conforming pressure head, and is used to provide an elastic force to drive the conforming pressure head to reset upward.

4. The rapid shaping device for preoperative patient positioning pads according to claim 3, characterized in that, The negative pressure linkage mechanism includes: A negative pressure connector is installed on the frame and connected to the negative pressure valve of the vacuum negative pressure positioning pad; A conversion mechanism is connected between the drive shaft and the negative pressure connector, which is used to convert the rotation of the drive shaft into the horizontal forward movement of the negative pressure connector to open the negative pressure valve for inflation.

5. The rapid shaping device for preoperative patient positioning pads according to claim 4, characterized in that, The conversion mechanism includes A pressure accumulation unit is provided between each of the pressure block units and the corresponding cam, the pressure accumulation unit being used to accumulate the thrust of the cam on the pressure block unit; and A pressure accumulation threshold unlocking mechanism is connected between the negative pressure connector and the pressure accumulation unit. When the thrust of the pressure accumulation unit accumulates to a preset value, the pressure accumulation threshold unlocking mechanism drives the negative pressure connector to move and open the negative pressure valve.

6. The rapid shaping device for preoperative patient positioning pads according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pressure accumulation unit includes: The upper end of the upper push rod, which is mounted on the frame and can slide up and down, abuts against the cam. The lower end of the push rod, which is mounted on the frame and can slide up and down, abuts against the upper end of the guide rod. A pressure spring is connected between the upper push rod and the lower push rod; A one-way locking mechanism is provided between the upper push rod and the lower push rod to allow the lower push rod to move downward relative to the frame and lock its position, preventing it from resetting upward.

7. The rapid shaping device for preoperative patient positioning pads according to claim 6, characterized in that, The one-way locking mechanism includes: A ratchet rack is provided on the side wall of the lower push rod; A pawl is pivotally mounted on the frame and engages unidirectionally with the ratchet rack; A return spring is disposed between the pawl and the frame to drive the pawl to maintain its engagement tendency with the ratchet rack.

8. The rapid shaping device for preoperative patient positioning pads according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pressure accumulation threshold unlocking mechanism includes: A trigger paddle is fixedly installed on each of the lower push rods; A push rod, which is arranged parallel to the drive shaft. A pull elastic element, connected between the push rod and the frame, is used to drive the push rod to move along its axial direction; and A plurality of blocking blocks are spaced apart on the push rod and are configured to correspond one-to-one with the trigger paddles. The end of each trigger paddle can slide up and down to abut against the blocking block.

9. The rapid shaping device for preoperative patient positioning pads according to claim 8, characterized in that, The blocking block has a wedge-shaped surface facing the trigger paddle, and the wedge-shaped surface is inclined from top to bottom away from the trigger paddle.

10. The rapid shaping device for preoperative patient positioning pads according to claim 5, characterized in that, The contouring pressure block array includes multiple zones, including a head zone corresponding to the human head, a shoulder and back zone corresponding to the shoulders and back, a waist zone corresponding to the waist, a hip zone corresponding to the buttocks, and a lower limb zone corresponding to the lower limbs. The lower end face of the contouring pressure head in different zones has different contouring curved surfaces that match the corresponding human body parts. Furthermore, the pressure springs of the pressure accumulation units in different zones have different stiffness coefficients.

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