Weather-resistant high-rigidity polycarbonate modified alloy material and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application provides a weather-resistant high-rigidity polycarbonate modified alloy material and a preparation method and application thereof, relates to the technical field of polymer modified composite materials, and comprises the following components: 35-42% of polycarbonate, 15-20% of acrylonitrile-ethylene-styrene copolymer, 10-30% of modified wollastonite powder, 10-30% of short-cut glass fiber, 3-5% of maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin elastomer, 3-5% of methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer, 0.5-1% of silicone powder, 0.5-1% of pentaerythritol stearate, 0.3-0.8% of composite weather-resistant agent and 1-3% of low-VOC adsorbent. The weather-resistant matrix and bidirectional synergistic reinforcing system are constructed, and the interface compatible toughening agent is matched, so that the synergistic promotion of high rigidity, high toughness and excellent weather resistance of the material is realized, the problem that rigidity and toughness of the existing material are difficult to balance and weather resistance is poor is solved, and the material can replace metal and be used for weather-resistant structural parts of household appliances.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of polymer modified composite materials technology, and in particular to a weather-resistant, high-rigidity polycarbonate modified alloy material, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, weather-resistant structural components and core functional parts of home appliances are subjected to long-term high and low temperature cycles and exposure to wind and sun, placing extremely high demands on the mechanical strength, dimensional stability, weather resistance, and processability of materials. Traditional aluminum alloy structural components suffer from problems such as heavy weight, cumbersome processing procedures, high production costs, easy condensation due to heat conduction, and poor recyclability and environmental friendliness. Conventional modified polypropylene and PC / ABS alloy materials generally have defects such as insufficient mechanical strength, low flexural modulus, poor weather resistance, and easy deformation and cracking after long-term use, making it difficult to meet the long-term opening and closing, weather-resistant and durable requirements of weather-resistant structural components in home appliances. In existing technologies, PC / AS alloys and glass fiber reinforced systems have been widely used, but they have technical shortcomings such as poor interfacial compatibility, difficulty in balancing rigidity and toughness, and insufficient weather resistance. There is a market gap for high-performance plastic-based steel substitutes specifically for high-strength weather-resistant structures in home appliances. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems of poor material performance and application scenario adaptability in existing technologies, and the obvious drawbacks of easy deformation of metal substitutes, this application proposes a weather-resistant high-rigidity polycarbonate modified alloy material and its preparation method. This material achieves a synergistic improvement in high rigidity, high weather resistance, and high toughness, and can replace aluminum alloys in weather-resistant high-strength structural components for home appliances, demonstrating excellent industrial application value.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention discloses a weather-resistant, high-rigidity polycarbonate-modified alloy material, comprising the following components by mass percentage: Polycarbonate (PC) 35%–42%, Acrylonitrile-ethylene-styrene copolymer (AES) 15%–20%, Modified wollastonite powder 10%–30%, Chopped glass fiber 10%–30%, Maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin elastomer (POE-g-MAH) 3%–5%, Methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer (MBS) 3%–5%, Silicone powder 0.5%–1%, Pentaerythritol stearate (PETS) 0.5%–1%, Composite weathering agent 0.3%–0.8%, Low VOC adsorbent 1%–3%.

[0005] Preferably, the mass ratio of acrylonitrile, ethylene and styrene in the acrylonitrile-ethylene-styrene copolymer is 25:15:60.

[0006] Preferably, the polycarbonate includes polycarbonate PC-2805 and / or polycarbonate PC110, with a weight-average molecular weight of 26,000 to 30,000 g / mol.

[0007] Preferably, the POE-g-MAH grafting rate is 0.8% to 1.2%.

[0008] Preferably, the core-shell particle size of MBS is 100–200 nm.

[0009] Preferably, the modified wollastonite powder is prepared by the following method: First, dissolve the KH-550 coupling agent in a solvent. Then, place the wollastonite into a high-speed mixer and pump in the KH-550 solution while stirring. Process for 10 to 30 minutes and then dry to obtain modified wollastonite powder.

[0010] More preferably, the modified wollastonite powder is prepared by the following method: First, prepare a 25% alcohol solution of KH-550 coupling agent. Then, place wollastonite into a high-speed mixer and pump in a fine mist of KH-550 silane coupling agent solution while stirring. The amount of silane coupling agent used is about 0.5% to 1.5% of the mass of wollastonite. Treat for 20 minutes and then dry for later use.

[0011] Preferably, the modified wollastonite powder has a whiteness greater than 85, an aspect ratio of 13:1, and a silica content of 48-53%.

[0012] Preferably, the chopped glass fibers are prepared by the following method: Dissolve KH-560 coupling agent in an aqueous emulsion containing a nonionic surfactant, adjust the pH to 4.5–5.5, treat the glass fiber by spraying or impregnation, and cure at 110–120°C for 20–30 minutes to obtain chopped glass fiber.

[0013] More preferably, the chopped glass fibers are prepared by the following method: Dissolve KH-560 silane coupling agent in water to prepare a 2.0% solution. Beforehand, add 0.1% nonionic surfactant to the water to prepare an emulsion. Then add acetic acid to adjust the pH to 4.5-5.5. Then, treat the glass fiber by spraying or impregnation. After taking it out, cure it at 110-120℃ for 20-30 minutes.

[0014] Preferably, the chopped glass fibers have a diameter of 10–13 μm and a length of 3–4 mm.

[0015] Preferably, the composite weathering agent is UV-531 and the hindered amine light stabilizer HALS-944.

[0016] More preferably, the composite weathering agent is a mixture of UV-531 and hindered amine light stabilizer HALS-944 in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0017] Preferably, the low-VOC adsorbent is a porous silicate adsorbent with a pore size of 2–5 nm and a specific surface area of ​​300–500 m². 2 / g.

[0018] Secondly, the present invention also discloses a preparation method for preparing weather-resistant, high-rigidity polycarbonate-modified alloy materials, comprising the following steps: S1. Polycarbonate, acrylonitrile-ethylene-styrene copolymer, maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin elastomer, methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer and low VOC adsorbent are added to a high-speed mixer and mixed evenly before being added to the main feed port; chopped glass fiber is added through the side feed port, and modified wollastonite powder, silicone powder, pentaerythritol stearate and composite weathering agent are mixed and fed simultaneously. S2. The twin-screw extruder adopts segmented temperature control, and the weather-resistant high-rigidity polycarbonate modified alloy material is obtained after melt blending, extrusion, stranding, water cooling, air drying and pelletizing.

[0019] Preferably, the high-speed mixer has a rotation speed of 600-800 r / min and a temperature of 95-115℃.

[0020] Preferably, the main feed inlet speed is 150-200 r / min, the side feed speed is 80-120 r / min, and the auxiliary feed speed is 50-80 r / min.

[0021] Preferably, the temperature for segmented temperature control is set as follows: Zone 1 245-255℃, Zone 2 250-260℃, Zone 3 250-260℃, Zone 4 250-260℃, Zone 5 250-260℃, Zone 6 250-260℃, Zone 7 260-270℃, Zone 8 260-270℃, Zone 9 260-270℃, Zone 10 260-270℃, and the machine head 250-260℃.

[0022] Thirdly, this invention also discloses the application of weather-resistant, high-rigidity polycarbonate modified alloy materials, which can be used as weather-resistant, high-strength structural components for home appliances, such as air outlet guide plates, blades, and grille components for air conditioners. These materials can replace traditional aluminum alloy materials and can also be extended to high-strength structural components for home appliances such as washing machines and refrigerators, as well as low-VOC, high-rigidity components for automotive interiors. They are particularly suitable for plastic-for-steel scenarios where high requirements are placed on weather resistance, mechanical strength, and environmental protection.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention achieves a synergistic improvement in the material's high rigidity, high weather resistance, and high toughness through matrix modification, multidimensional reinforcement, and optimization of the compound additive system. Specifically, the introduction of ethylene segments into the AES resin significantly enhances the material's weather resistance, enabling it to maintain good color stability and mechanical property retention even under long-term UV irradiation and high / low temperature cycling. Silane coupling agent-modified wollastonite powder and chopped glass fibers form an effective rigid framework support in the polycarbonate matrix. Through the synergistic effect of the spatial network of fibrous and needle-like fillers, the flexural modulus and dimensional stability of the material are greatly improved. Simultaneously, POE-g-MAH acts as a compatibilizer, effectively improving the interfacial bonding between the non-polar polyolefin elastomer and the polar polycarbonate. Furthermore, the MBS core-shell structure particles dissipate energy through crazing and shear banding mechanisms when the material is subjected to impact, achieving an excellent balance between rigidity and toughness. Furthermore, the combined use of UV-531 and hindered amine light stabilizer HALS-944 in the composite weathering agent significantly delays the photo-oxidative aging process of the material through a synergistic mechanism of ultraviolet absorption and free radical capture. The introduction of low-VOC adsorbents effectively captures volatile organic compounds released during processing and use, meeting the stringent environmental requirements of the home appliance and automotive interior industries. In terms of the preparation process, the segmented and precise feeding method of main feed, side feed, and auxiliary feed, combined with the segmented temperature control technology of the twin-screw extruder, ensures uniform dispersion and thermal history control of each component during melt blending, avoiding thermal degradation of polycarbonate at high temperatures. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional microstructure of the modified alloy material with fiber reinforcement according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0026] A weather-resistant, high-rigidity polycarbonate-modified alloy material, comprising the following components by mass percentage: Polycarbonate (PC) 35%–42%, Acrylonitrile-ethylene-styrene copolymer (AES) 15%–20%, Modified wollastonite powder 10%–30%, Chopped glass fiber 10%–30%, Maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin elastomer (POE-g-MAH) 3%–5%, Methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer (MBS) 3%–5%, Silicone powder 0.5%–1%, Pentaerythritol stearate (PETS) 0.5%–1%, Composite weathering agent 0.3%–0.8%, Low VOC adsorbent 1%–3%.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solutions, the PC matrix, as the continuous phase basis of the alloy material, provides excellent basic mechanical strength and dimensional stability. AES, as a weather-resistant modifier, is introduced into the matrix system. Unlike conventional acrylonitrile-styrene copolymers (AS) or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers (ABS), the ethylene segments in the AES molecular structure possess excellent weather resistance and resistance to UV aging. By blending AES with PC, a weather-resistant matrix is ​​constructed, solving the problem of yellowing and brittleness of traditional PC alloy materials under outdoor high and low temperature cycling conditions at the molecular structure level, significantly improving the weather resistance and anti-aging properties of the matrix resin. Chopped glass fibers, as the main reinforcing skeleton, bear the function of load transfer. During stress, chopped glass fibers can effectively transfer and disperse stress, greatly improving the tensile and flexural strength of the material. Modified wollastonite powder, as an auxiliary reinforcing filler, has a needle-like structure that can fill the gaps between the chopped glass fibers. By combining chopped glass fibers with wollastonite powder, a two-way synergistic reinforcement system was constructed. The chopped glass fibers provide the main strength, while wollastonite optimizes the internal stress distribution and improves rigidity. The synergistic effect of the two ensures high rigidity while avoiding the anisotropic shrinkage and warping deformation problems caused by single high-filling glass fibers.

[0028] Due to the polarity difference between inorganic fillers (chopped glass fibers, wollastonite powder) and organic resin matrices (PC, AES), direct blending can easily lead to weak interfacial bonding and stress concentration. The maleic anhydride groups on the POE-g-MAH molecular chain can chemically react with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the inorganic filler, forming strong chemical bonds; simultaneously, its polyolefin elastomer segments can physically entangle and fuse with the PC / AES matrix. This unique interfacial compatibility mechanism significantly improves the dispersion state and interfacial bonding of the inorganic filler in the matrix, transforming interfaces that might otherwise be defects into strong and tough interfaces capable of transmitting stress, thereby enhancing both the material's rigidity and its excellent toughness.

[0029] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of acrylonitrile, ethylene and styrene trimonomers in the acrylonitrile-ethylene-styrene copolymer is 25:15:60.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solutions, under this monomer ratio, the acrylonitrile segment imparts good chemical resistance and rigidity to the material, and ensures a suitable polarity match with polycarbonate; the ethylene segment, as a saturated aliphatic main chain, can significantly inhibit double bond breakage and yellowing under ultraviolet light irradiation, thereby providing excellent weather resistance; the styrene segment ensures the processing fluidity of the resin and the surface gloss of the product.

[0031] In some embodiments, the polycarbonate includes polycarbonate PC-2805 or polycarbonate PC110, or polycarbonate with a weight-average molecular weight of 26,000 to 31,000 g / mol.

[0032] By adopting the above technical solutions, PC resins in this molecular weight range can maintain a high rigidity base while having a moderate melt viscosity, which is beneficial for achieving uniform dispersion of chopped glass fibers and wollastonite powder in a high filler system.

[0033] In some embodiments, the POE-g-MAH grafting rate is 0.8% to 1.2%.

[0034] By adopting the above technical solutions, the grafting rate is a key parameter affecting the compatibility effect. If the grafting rate is too low, the number of maleic anhydride groups is insufficient, making it difficult to form sufficient chemical bonds with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the inorganic filler. If the grafting rate is too high, it may lead to excessive cross-linking of the elastomer itself, affecting its dispersion in the matrix.

[0035] In some embodiments, the core-shell particle size of MBS is 100–200 nm.

[0036] By adopting the above technical solutions, MBS, as a core-shell toughening agent, can further improve the low-temperature impact toughness of materials. The rubber phase of the MBS core layer can induce crazes and shear bands when subjected to impact, thereby absorbing impact energy, while its shell layer has good compatibility with the PC / AES matrix, ensuring the uniform dispersion of toughening particles in the matrix and avoiding a significant decrease in rigidity caused by the addition of toughening agents.

[0037] In some embodiments, the modified wollastonite powder is prepared by the following method: First, dissolve the KH-550 coupling agent in a solvent. Then, place the wollastonite into a high-speed mixer and pump in the KH-550 solution while stirring. Process for 10 to 30 minutes and then dry to obtain modified wollastonite powder.

[0038] Furthermore, the modified wollastonite powder is prepared by the following method: First, prepare a 25% alcohol solution of KH-550 coupling agent. Then, place wollastonite into a high-speed mixer and pump in a fine mist of KH-550 silane coupling agent solution while stirring. The amount of silane coupling agent used is about 0.5% to 1.5% of the mass of wollastonite. The treatment lasts for 20 minutes, and then the mixture is dried for later use.

[0039] The modified wollastonite powder has a whiteness greater than 85, an aspect ratio of 13:1, and a silica content of 48-53%.

[0040] By employing the above technical solution, KH-550 is used to treat the surface of wollastonite. The ethoxy groups in the KH-550 molecules hydrolyze to generate silanols, which then condense with the silanol groups on the wollastonite surface to form stable Si-O-Si chemical bonds. The amino groups at the other end are polar and reactive, capable of forming hydrogen bonds or acid-base interactions with the end groups of polycarbonate or maleic anhydride grafts. This is a prerequisite for achieving a high-strength interfacial bond between wollastonite and the polymer matrix. Untreated wollastonite, due to its hydrophilic and oleophobic surface, is prone to agglomeration during extrusion, leading to interfacial debonding and severely deteriorating the material's flexural modulus and dimensional stability. Controlling the aspect ratio of wollastonite to 13:1 maximizes the stiffening and reinforcing effect of its acicular structure.

[0041] In some embodiments, chopped glass fibers are prepared by the following method: Dissolve KH-560 coupling agent in an aqueous emulsion containing a nonionic surfactant, adjust the pH to 4.5–5.5, treat the glass fiber by spraying or impregnation, and cure at 110–120°C for 20–30 minutes to obtain chopped glass fiber.

[0042] Furthermore, chopped glass fibers are prepared by the following method: Dissolve KH-560 silane coupling agent in water to prepare a 2.0% solution. Beforehand, add 0.1% nonionic surfactant to the water to prepare an emulsion. Then add acetic acid to adjust the pH to 4.5-5.5. Then, treat the glass fiber by spraying or impregnation. After taking it out, cure it at 110-120℃ for 20-30 minutes.

[0043] Short-cut glass fibers have a diameter of 10–13 μm and a length of 3–4 mm.

[0044] By employing the above technical solutions, KH-560 treatment of chopped glass fibers allows the epoxy groups to react with the silanol groups on the surface of the chopped glass fibers to form strong chemical bonds. Simultaneously, the epoxy groups can undergo ring-opening reactions with the terminal hydroxyl / carboxyl groups of polycarbonate or the anhydride groups of POE-g-MAH during melt extrusion, thereby forming a chemical bridge between the glass fiber and the polymer matrix. Using an aqueous emulsion system containing nonionic surfactants reduces the surface tension of water, allowing the silane solution to spread uniformly on the glass fiber surface. This modification treatment is a crucial step in transforming chopped glass fibers from physical fillers to chemically reinforced fibers. Without this treatment, the interfacial bond between the glass fiber and the PC matrix is ​​weak, making it prone to interfacial debonding under stress, hindering stress transfer and significantly reducing reinforcement efficiency.

[0045] In some embodiments, the composite weathering agent is UV-531 and the hindered amine light stabilizer HALS-944.

[0046] The composite weathering agent is a mixture of UV-531 and hindered amine light stabilizer HALS-944 in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0047] By adopting the above technical solutions, this compound system exhibits a synergistic effect. UV-531 strongly absorbs ultraviolet rays with wavelengths of 290–400 nm, converting light energy into heat energy and dissipating it, thereby protecting the matrix resin from UV damage. Meanwhile, HALS-944, as a free radical scavenger, can capture free radicals generated during the photo-oxidation process of the material, blocking the photo-aging chain reaction. The synergistic effect of both significantly improves the material's resistance to yellowing and cracking during long-term outdoor use.

[0048] In some embodiments, the low-VOC adsorbent is a porous silicate adsorbent with a pore size of 2–5 nm and a specific surface area of ​​300–500 m². 2 / g.

[0049] By employing the above technical solutions, porous silicate adsorbents possess a rich microporous structure. This porous structure can effectively capture and lock residual small-molecule volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in materials through physical adsorption, significantly reducing the VOC content of the materials and meeting the stringent environmental protection requirements of the home appliance industry. Porous silicates, rather than materials such as activated carbon, are chosen because silicate surfaces are chemically inert and will not decompose and release additional VOCs at melt extrusion temperatures above 260°C, nor will they react adversely with PC or AES. Furthermore, PC may undergo thermal degradation during high-temperature processing, producing phenolic VOCs. The adsorbent can capture these volatiles in situ in the molten state, thereby significantly reducing the total carbon emissions of the material.

[0050] A preparation method for preparing weather-resistant, high-rigidity polycarbonate-modified alloy materials includes the following steps: S1. Polycarbonate, acrylonitrile-ethylene-styrene copolymer, maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin elastomer, methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer and low VOC adsorbent are added to a high-speed mixer and mixed evenly before being added to the main feed port; chopped glass fiber is added through the side feed port, and modified wollastonite powder, silicone powder, pentaerythritol stearate and composite weathering agent are mixed and fed simultaneously. S2. The twin-screw extruder adopts segmented temperature control, and the weather-resistant high-rigidity polycarbonate modified alloy material is obtained after melt blending, extrusion, stranding, water cooling, air drying and pelletizing.

[0051] By adopting the above technical solutions, in order to protect the length of the chopped glass fibers and ensure the dispersion effect of the filler, the feeding method adopts the side feeding method to add chopped glass fibers and modified wollastonite powder, so as to avoid the fibers being excessively sheared and broken when passing through the entire screw length.

[0052] In some embodiments, the high-speed mixer operates at a speed of 600–800 r / min and a temperature of 95–115 °C.

[0053] By employing the above technical solutions, the surface of resin particles can be uniformly coated with compatibilizer, and some moisture in the raw materials can be removed. Too low a rotation speed will lead to uneven mixing, while too high a speed may cause localized softening and clumping of the resin due to shear heat. Controlling the temperature within the range of 95–115℃ effectively removes moisture while remaining below the resin's softening point, ensuring the material's fluidity.

[0054] In some embodiments, the main feed port rotation speed is 150-200 r / min, the side feed speed is 80-120 r / min, and the auxiliary feed speed is 50-80 r / min.

[0055] In some embodiments, the temperature for segmented temperature control is set as follows: Zone 1: 245–255°C; Zone 2: 250–260°C; Zone 3: 250–260°C; Zone 4: 250–260°C; Zone 5: 250–260°C; Zone 6: 250–260°C; Zone 7: 260–270°C; Zone 8: 260–270°C; Zone 9: 260–270°C; Zone 10: 260–270°C; and the machine head: 250–260°C.

[0056] By employing the above technical solutions, the processing temperature of polycarbonate is typically relatively high. If the temperature is below 245℃, the melt viscosity will be too high, leading to difficulties in glass fiber dispersion and even causing screw torque overload and shutdown. If the temperature is above 270℃, PC and AES resins are prone to thermal degradation, resulting in yellowing of the material and a decrease in mechanical properties. In particular, the ethylene segments in AES may crosslink or break, affecting weather resistance. Therefore, controlling the melting zone temperature at 250–260℃ ensures sufficient plasticization of the resin while avoiding the risk of thermal degradation.

[0057] Preparation Example Preparation Example 1-1: A modified wollastonite powder was prepared by the following method: Prepare a 25% solution of 0.1g KH-550 with ethanol. Then, place 10g of wollastonite powder into a high-speed mixer and pump in a fine mist of KH-550 silane coupling agent solution while stirring. After processing for 20 minutes and drying, a modified wollastonite powder can be obtained.

[0058] Preparation Example 2-1: A chopped glass fiber was prepared by the following method: First, dissolve 0.1g of KH-560 silane coupling agent in water to prepare a 2.0% solution. Prepare an aqueous emulsion by adding 0.1% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether to the water, then add 10mg of acetic acid to adjust the pH to 5. Next, treat 14g of chopped glass fibers using an impregnation method. After removal, cure at 110℃ for 20 minutes to obtain a chopped glass fiber.

[0059] Example Example 1: A weather-resistant, high-rigidity polycarbonate-modified alloy material was prepared by the following method: Weigh out the following by weight percentage: 40% polycarbonate PC110 (weight average molecular weight 29570 g / mol), 20% acrylonitrile-ethylene-styrene copolymer (mass ratio of acrylonitrile, ethylene and styrene trimonomers 25:15:60), 18% modified wollastonite powder prepared in Preparation Example 1-1 (aspect ratio 13:1, silica content 52%), 12% chopped glass fiber (4 mm in length) prepared in Preparation Example 2-1, and 3% POE. -g-MAH (grafting rate 1.2%), 4% methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer MBS (particle size 200nm), 0.5% silicone powder, 1% pentaerythritol stearate PETS, 0.3% composite weathering agent (UV-531:HALS-944=1:1), 1.2% ZSM-5 hydrophobic porous silicate molecular sieve (silicon-aluminum ratio greater than 200, pore volume 0.3-0.4, pore size 3.5nm, micropore specific surface area 400m²). 2 / g); Premixing: PC110, AES, POE-g-MAH, MBS, and low-VOC adsorbent are added to a high-speed mixer according to the specified ratio. The speed is controlled at 700 r / min and the temperature at 100℃. Premix for 15 minutes until uniform. After cooling, add the mixture to the main feed port. Short-cut glass fiber is precisely added through the side feed port. Modified wollastonite powder, silicone powder, PETS, and composite weathering agent are mixed and fed simultaneously. The main feed speed is 200 r / min, the side feed speed is 120 r / min, and the auxiliary feed speed is 80 r / min. Extrusion granulation was performed using a twin-screw extruder with segmented temperature control: zone 1 245℃, zone 2 250℃, zone 3 250℃, zone 4 255℃, zone 5 260℃, zone 6 260℃, zone 7 265℃, zone 8 270℃, zone 9 270℃, zone 10 270℃, and die head 255℃; screw speed 450 r / min, melt pressure 8 MPa, vacuum degree -0.04 MPa; after melt blending, extrusion, stranding, water cooling at 30℃, traction speed 400 r / min, air drying, and pelletizing to a pellet size of 2 mm, the aforementioned weather-resistant high-rigidity polycarbonate modified alloy material was obtained.

[0060] Example 2 is a weather-resistant, high-rigidity polycarbonate-modified alloy material. The only difference from Example 1 is the adjustment of the raw material ratio, as shown below: Weigh out the following by weight percentage: 38% polycarbonate PC-2805, 20% acrylonitrile-ethylene-styrene copolymer (mass ratio of acrylonitrile, ethylene, and styrene trimonomers 25:15:60), 22% modified wollastonite powder prepared in Preparation Example 1-1 (3000 mesh), 8% chopped glass fiber prepared in Preparation Example 2-1, 3% POE-g-MAH (grafting rate 1.2%), 5% methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer MB (particle size 200nm), 0.5% silicone powder, 1% pentaerythritol stearate PETS, 0.5% composite weathering agent (UV-531:HALS-944=1:1), and 2% ZSM-5 hydrophobic porous silicate molecular sieve (silicon-aluminum ratio greater than 200, pore volume 0.3-0.4, pore size 3.5nm, micropore specific surface area 400m²). 2 / g).

[0061] Example 3 is a weather-resistant, high-rigidity polycarbonate-modified alloy material. The only difference from Example 1 is the adjustment of the raw material ratio, as detailed below: Weigh out the following by weight percentage: 40.8% polycarbonate PC110, 18% acrylonitrile-ethylene-styrene copolymer (mass ratio of acrylonitrile, ethylene, and styrene trimonomers 25:15:60), 20% modified wollastonite powder prepared in Preparation Example 1-1 (3000 mesh), 10% chopped glass fiber prepared in Preparation Example 2-1, 3% POE-g-MAH (grafting rate 1.2%), 4.5% methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer MBS (particle size 200 nm), 0.5% silicone powder, 0.5% pentaerythritol stearate PETS, 0.7% composite weathering agent (UV-531:HALS-944 = 1:1), and 2% ZSM-5 hydrophobic porous silicate molecular sieve (silicon-to-aluminum ratio greater than 200, pore volume 0.3-0.4, pore size 3.5 nm, micropore specific surface area 400 m²).2 / g).

[0062] Comparative Example Comparative Example 1: A polycarbonate material, using pure PC110, was added to a high-speed mixer, with the speed controlled at 700 r / min and the temperature at 100℃, and stirred for 15 min. After cooling, it was added to the main feed port. Extrusion granulation: The twin-screw extruder uses segmented temperature control: Zone 1 245℃, Zone 2 250℃, Zone 3 250℃, Zone 4 255℃, Zone 5 260℃, Zone 6 260℃, Zone 7 265℃, Zone 8 270℃, Zone 9 270℃, Zone 10 270℃, and die head 255℃; screw speed 450r / min, melt pressure 8MPa, vacuum degree -0.04MPa; after melt blending, extrusion, stranding, water cooling temperature 30℃, traction speed 400r / min, air drying, and pelletizing, the pellet size is 2mm.

[0063] Comparative Example 2 is a polycarbonate material, which differs from Example 1 only in that the AES in Example 1 is replaced with the same mass of ABS.

[0064] Comparative Example 3 is a polycarbonate material that differs from Example 1 only in that the AES of Example 1 is replaced with the same mass of AS.

[0065] Comparative Example 4: A polycarbonate material consisting of 70% PC and 30% unmodified KH-560 chopped glass fibers.

[0066] Comparative Example 5 is a polycarbonate material that differs from Example 1 only in that it does not contain chopped glass fibers and is replaced with PC in equal amounts.

[0067] Comparative Example 6 is a polycarbonate material that differs from Example 1 only in that it does not contain wollastonite powder and is replaced with PC in equal amounts.

[0068] Comparative Example 7 is a polycarbonate material that differs from Example 1 only in that the same mass of AS-g-MAH is used instead of POE-g-MAH in Example 1.

[0069] Comparative Example 8 is a polycarbonate material that differs from Example 1 only in that no composite weathering agent is added.

[0070] Performance testing The following performance tests were performed on the materials prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 8: 1. Tensile strength, tested according to GB / T 1040.1-2018; 2. Flexural modulus, tested according to GB / T 1041-2008; 3. Impact strength of simply supported beams, tested according to GB / T 1043.1-2008; 4. Weathering resistance test, conducted according to GB / T 16422.2-2022, with xenon lamp aging conditions of irradiance 0.51 W / (m²). 2 (·nm@340nm), black standard temperature 65℃, 102min photocycle and 18min photo-water cycle, performance retention rate after aging ≥90%; 5. VOC content: Tested according to GB / T 37884-2019, it meets the environmental protection standards for household appliance materials; 6. Yellowing index, test reference GB / T 39822-2021.

[0071] The results of the above performance tests are listed in Table 1; Table 1

[0072] According to Table 1, and in conjunction with Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, although the mechanical properties of Comparative Example 2, after replacing AES with ABS, were still acceptable, the aging retention rate decreased and the yellowing index was as high as ≥5. This is because the unsaturated double bonds of the polybutadiene segments in ABS are prone to oxidative breakage and yellowing under ultraviolet light irradiation, fully verifying the key contribution of the saturated ethylene segments in AES to weather resistance. In Comparative Example 3, after replacing AES with AS, the impact strength dropped sharply, and the aging retention rate was only 80%, indicating that although AS does not have butadiene double bonds, it still lacks the weather resistance advantage of the ethylene segments in AES, and AS... The rigidity of the glass fiber cannot provide the necessary toughness reserve, leading to a significant increase in material brittleness. In Comparative Example 4, the tensile strength, flexural modulus, and impact strength all decreased when using unmodified glass fiber. In Comparative Example 5, without the addition of chopped glass fiber, the tensile strength and flexural modulus decreased significantly. Both examples demonstrate that surface coupling agent treatment of the glass fiber is crucial for its transformation from physical filling to chemical reinforcement. Unmodified glass fiber exhibits significant interface defects with the PC matrix, resulting in low stress transfer efficiency. This not only significantly reduces the rigidity reinforcement effect but also causes a sharp decline in impact performance due to interface debonding. The situation worsened drastically. In Comparative Example 6, the flexural modulus and tensile strength decreased without the addition of wollastonite powder, indicating that wollastonite powder not only plays an auxiliary reinforcing role through its needle-like structure, but more importantly, its filling of the gaps between glass fibers optimizes stress distribution and inhibits anisotropic shrinkage, forming a significant hybrid synergistic reinforcing effect with glass fibers. In Comparative Example 7, the impact strength decreased after replacing POE-g-MAH with AS-g-MAH. This is because although AS-g-MAH, as a rigid compatibilizer, can improve interfacial adhesion, it lacks the energy dissipation capacity of POE elastomer segments and cannot achieve the same effect as silver. The texturing and shear banding mechanisms absorb impact energy, leading to a severe disruption of the rigidity-toughness balance. Simultaneously, the aging retention rate drops to 81%, indicating that the flexible segments of POE-g-MAH play an irreplaceable role in alleviating interfacial stress concentration and delaying crack propagation. Comparative Example 8, without the addition of the composite weathering agent, exhibits mechanical properties close to those of the examples, but its aging retention rate is only 78% and its yellowing index is ≥5.0. This fully demonstrates that the synergistic mechanism of UV absorption and free radical capture, achieved by the 1:1 compounding of UV-531 and HALS-944, plays a decisive role in inhibiting photo-oxidative aging.

[0073] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely a few specific examples of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any variations that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A weather-resistant, high-rigidity polycarbonate-modified alloy material, characterized in that, By mass percentage, it includes the following components: Polycarbonate 35%–42%, acrylonitrile-ethylene-styrene copolymer 15%–20%, modified wollastonite powder 10%–30%, chopped glass fiber 10%–30%, maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin elastomer 3%–5%, methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer 3%–5%, silicone powder 0.5%–1%, pentaerythritol stearate 0.5%–1%, composite weathering agent 0.3%–0.8%, low VOC adsorbent 1%–3%.

2. The weather-resistant, high-rigidity polycarbonate-modified alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of acrylonitrile, ethylene and styrene in the acrylonitrile-ethylene-styrene copolymer is 25:15:

60.

3. The weather-resistant, high-rigidity polycarbonate-modified alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polycarbonate includes polycarbonate PC-2805 and / or polycarbonate PC110, with a weight-average molecular weight of 26,000 to 30,000 g / mol.

4. The weather-resistant, high-rigidity polycarbonate-modified alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modified wollastonite powder was prepared by the following method: First, dissolve the KH-550 coupling agent in a solvent. Then, place the wollastonite into a high-speed mixer and pump in the KH-550 solution while stirring. Process for 10 to 30 minutes and then dry to obtain modified wollastonite powder.

5. The weather-resistant, high-rigidity polycarbonate-modified alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chopped glass fibers are prepared by the following method: Dissolve KH-560 coupling agent in an aqueous emulsion containing a nonionic surfactant, adjust the pH to 4.5–5.5, treat the glass fiber by spraying or impregnation, and cure at 110–120°C for 20–30 minutes to obtain chopped glass fiber.

6. The weather-resistant, high-rigidity polycarbonate-modified alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite weathering agent is UV-531 and hindered amine light stabilizer HALS-944.

7. The weather-resistant, high-rigidity polycarbonate-modified alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-VOC adsorbent is a porous silicate adsorbent with a pore size of 2–5 nm and a specific surface area of ​​300–500 m². 2 / g.

8. A preparation method for preparing the weather-resistant, high-rigidity polycarbonate-modified alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Polycarbonate, acrylonitrile-ethylene-styrene copolymer, maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin elastomer, methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer and low VOC adsorbent are added to a high-speed mixer and mixed evenly before being added to the main feed port; chopped glass fiber is added through the side feed port, and modified wollastonite powder, silicone powder, pentaerythritol stearate and composite weathering agent are mixed and fed simultaneously. S2. The twin-screw extruder adopts segmented temperature control, and the weather-resistant high-rigidity polycarbonate modified alloy material is obtained after melt blending, extrusion, stranding, water cooling, air drying and pelletizing.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The temperature settings for the segmented temperature control are: Zone 1 245-255℃, Zone 2 250-260℃, Zone 3 250-260℃, Zone 4 250-260℃, Zone 5 250-260℃, Zone 6 250-260℃, Zone 7 260-270℃, Zone 8 260-270℃, Zone 9 260-270℃, Zone 10 260-270℃, and Machine Head 250-260℃.

10. A weather-resistant, high-strength structural component suitable for household appliances, characterized in that: The material includes any one of the weather-resistant, high-rigidity polycarbonate-modified alloys according to claims 1 to 7.

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