Automatic rod changing device for down-the-hole drill

Abstract

The application provides an automatic rod changing device for a down-the-hole drill, and belongs to the technical field of the down-the-hole drill. The automatic rod changing device comprises a hanging arm, a driving mechanism, a lifting clamp plate, a reverse clamping mechanism and a moving and overturning mechanism. At least one group of clamping jaws is slidably arranged on the hanging arm, and each group of clamping jaws comprises two clamping jaws arranged horizontally opposite to each other. The driving mechanism is used for driving the clamping jaws in the same group to move horizontally close to or away from each other. The lifting clamp plate is slidably arranged below the clamping jaws in the vertical direction, and the lifting clamp plate has a freedom degree of moving downward on the hanging arm. The reverse clamping mechanism is arranged on the hanging arm and corresponds to each group of clamping jaws one by one. The moving and overturning mechanism is arranged on the main drill frame and connected to the hanging arm, and is used for driving the hanging arm to move and overturn to the drill rod warehouse. The application integrates the hanging arm, the clamping jaws, the driving mechanism, the lifting clamp plate, the reverse clamping mechanism and the moving and overturning mechanism, discards the complicated process of manually installing and dismounting the supporting plate in the traditional rod changing, and realizes the full-process automation of the drill rod changing of the down-the-hole drill.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of down-the-hole drilling rigs, and more specifically, relates to an automatic rod changing device for down-the-hole drilling rigs. Background Technology

[0002] Down-the-hole drills are a type of impact rotary drilling equipment. Their core is that the impactor is submerged at the bottom of the hole to directly drive the drill bit to impact and break the rock, which is different from ordinary impact drilling.

[0003] Currently, drill rods on down-the-hole drilling rigs are replaced using a rod changing device. Specifically, the main body of the rod changing device is installed on the main drill frame. The grippers on the rod changing device pick up the drill rods on the main drill frame, moving them horizontally to the drill rod magazine on one side. Then, a robotic arm in the drill rod magazine grabs a new drill rod and replaces it on the rod changing device.

[0004] Because the drill rods on the main drill frame are vertical, after the drill rod changing device initially clamps the drill rods, manual support is required. This involves placing the bottom of the support frame against the bottom of the drill rod, and then securing the top of the support frame to the drill rod changing device using multiple sets of bolts and nuts. After the new drill rod is replaced, the support frame must be manually removed. This manual operation results in insufficient automation in drill rod replacement, affecting efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide an automatic rod changing device for down-the-hole drilling rigs to solve the technical problem of insufficient automation in rod changing in the prior art, which affects the efficiency of rod changing.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is: to provide an automatic rod changing device for a down-the-hole drill rig, installed on the main drill frame, comprising: The boom is slidably provided with at least one set of grippers, each set of grippers having two grippers arranged laterally opposite each other; At least one set of drive mechanisms is provided on the boom and corresponds one-to-one with a single set of grippers. The drive mechanisms are used to drive two grippers in the same set to move laterally closer or further apart. Multiple lifting clamps, each corresponding to a single clamping jaw, are vertically slidably disposed below the clamping jaw, and the lifting clamps have the freedom to move downward on the boom; At least one set of reverse clamping mechanisms is provided on the boom, and corresponds one-to-one with a single set of grippers; and A movable tilting mechanism is installed on the main drill frame and connected to the boom. The movable tilting mechanism is used to drive the boom to move and tilt to the drill pipe magazine. When the two jaws in the same group clamp the drill rod, the two corresponding lifting plates are also clamping the drill rod; the reverse clamping mechanism is used to drive the two jaws in the same group to move closer to each other while the lifting plates move downward. In one possible implementation, based on the above technical solutions, the driving mechanism includes: The drive screw is laterally rotatable inside the boom and has two sections of threads with opposite directions of rotation. The two jaws in the same group are respectively threaded onto threads with different directions of rotation. The sliding plate is vertically slidably installed inside the boom; An adjustable drive cylinder, located within the boom, is used to drive the slide plate to slide; and A transmission component, connected between the slide plate and the drive screw, is used to drive the drive screw to rotate when the slide plate slides.

[0007] In one possible implementation, based on the above technical solutions, the transmission component includes: The transmission rack is arranged in the same direction on the slide plate; and The transmission gear is coaxially fixed on the drive screw and meshes with the transmission rack. When the adjusting drive cylinder drives the transmission rack to move toward the transmission gear via the slide plate, the drive screw drives the two grippers to move closer to each other.

[0008] In one possible implementation, in conjunction with the above technical solutions, the driving mechanism further includes: The ratchet is coaxially fixed to the drive screw; A pawl, located above and engaging with the ratchet; and A separation assembly, disposed within the boom, is used to separate the ratchet from the pawl; Wherein, the rotatable direction when the ratchet and the pawl are engaged is defined as the first direction. At this time, the drive screw can only rotate in the direction that drives the two pawls in the same group to move closer to each other. The pawl is set on the reverse clamping mechanism. When the lifting clamping plate moves down, the reverse clamping mechanism drives the pawl to push the ratchet in the first direction, so that the drive screw drives the two pawls in the same group to further clamp the drill rod.

[0009] In one possible implementation, based on the above technical solutions, the ratchet and the drive screw are keyed together, and the ratchet has the degree of freedom to slide on the drive screw and disengage from the pawl; the separation component includes: A separation drive cylinder is disposed within the boom, and the extension / retraction direction of the separation drive cylinder is parallel to the axial direction of the drive screw; and The connecting frame is connected at one end to the piston rod of the separation drive cylinder and at the other end to the ratchet, and the connecting frame and the ratchet are rotatably connected along the drive screw axis.

[0010] In one possible implementation, based on the above technical solutions, the slide plate has a groove for one end of the transmission rack to slide inward, and the inner sidewall of the groove has limit grooves in the same direction; the reverse clamping mechanism includes: The linkage frame corresponds one-to-one with the lifting clamp plate. The linkage frame and the lifting clamp plate are horizontally slidably connected. The linkage frame and the inner wall of the boom are vertically slidably connected. The pawl is set on the linkage frame. A linkage spring is installed inside the boom and connected to the linkage frame; when the linkage spring is in a free state, the top surface of the lifting clamp plate is in contact with the bottom surface of the gripper. An elastic element is disposed within the groove and connected to the transmission rack; and A limiting block is fixed to one side of the transmission rack and slidably disposed within the limiting groove; When the adjusting drive cylinder drives the transmission rack to move toward the transmission gear via the slide plate, the elastic element is compressed.

[0011] In one possible implementation, based on the above technical solutions, the moving and flipping mechanism includes: The fixed arm is fixed to one side of the main drilling frame; The swing arm is rotatably mounted on the fixed arm along the vertical axis; The first rotary drive component is vertically mounted on the fixed arm and is used to drive the swing arm to rotate. A flipping drive is disposed on the swing arm and connected to the boom, the flipping drive being used to flip the boom from vertical to horizontal.

[0012] In one possible implementation, based on the above technical solutions, the flipping drive includes: The lifting frame is vertically slidably mounted on the swing arm; A lifting drive cylinder is mounted on the swing arm and is used to drive the lifting frame to slide. A tilting frame, rotatably mounted on one side of the lifting frame along a transverse axis, and a boom mounted on the tilting frame; and The second rotary drive component is horizontally mounted on the lifting frame and is used to drive the tilting frame to rotate.

[0013] In one possible implementation, in conjunction with the above technical solutions, the flipping drive further includes: A rotating arm, rotatably mounted on the tilting frame along a vertical axis; and The third rotary drive component is vertically mounted on the tilting frame and is used to drive the rotary arm to rotate. The boom is located on one side of the rotating arm.

[0014] In one possible implementation, in conjunction with the above technical solutions, the moving and flipping mechanism further includes: A sliding sleeve, vertically slidably fitted onto the rotating arm and fixed to the boom; and A push drive cylinder is mounted on the rotating arm to drive the sliding sleeve to slide on the rotating arm.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the automatic rod changing device for down-the-hole drilling rigs provided in this application are as follows: Compared with the prior art, this application forms a double-layer synchronous clamping structure through the jaws and the lifting clamping plate. During initial clamping, both clamps simultaneously hold the drill rod, fixing the drill rod radially and axially. When external vibration, clamping force attenuation, or other factors cause insufficient clamping force of the jaws, the drill rod will drive the lifting clamping plate to move slightly downward. The reverse clamping mechanism will then drive the jaws to clamp further towards each other, forming a closed-loop safety mechanism from clamping loosening to automatic tightening, which greatly improves the structural stability and operational safety of the rod changing process.

[0016] By integrating the boom, grippers, drive mechanism, lifting clamping plate, reverse clamping mechanism and moving and tilting mechanism, the cumbersome process of manually installing and disassembling the base plate required for traditional rod replacement is eliminated, realizing full automation of the drill rod replacement process of down-the-hole drilling rigs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of an automatic rod changing device for a down-the-hole drill rig. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the automatic pole-changing device provided in the embodiment of this application in its initial posture; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the boom provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the connection structure between the gripper and the lifting clamping plate provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5A schematic diagram of the drive mechanism, lifting clamping plate, and reverse clamping mechanism provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 A front view of the drive mechanism, lifting clamping plate, and reverse clamping mechanism provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the limiting block and limiting groove provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic pole changing device provided in the embodiments of this application when it is in a changing posture.

[0019] The labels for the attached figures are as follows: 1. Main drilling frame; 2. Crane boom; 21. Gripper; 211. Receiving groove; 3. Drive mechanism; 31. Drive screw; 32. Slide plate; 321. Slide groove; 322. Limiting groove; 33. Adjusting drive cylinder; 34. Transmission component; 341. Transmission rack; 342. Transmission gear; 35. Ratchet; 36. Pawl; 37. Separation assembly; 371. Separation drive cylinder; 372. Connecting frame; 4. Lifting clamp; 41. Slide rod; 42. Connecting spring; 43. Elastic block; 5. Reverse clamping mechanism; 51. Linkage frame; 52. Linkage spring; 53. Elastic element; 54. Limit block; 6. Moving and flipping mechanism; 61. Fixed arm; 62. Swinging arm; 63. First rotary drive component; 64. Flipping drive component; 641. Lifting frame; 642. Lifting drive cylinder; 643. Flipping frame; 644. Second rotary drive component; 645. Rotating arm; 646. Third rotary drive component; 65. Sliding sleeve; 66. Push drive cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. The specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] It should be further noted that the accompanying drawings and embodiments of this application mainly describe the concept of this application. Based on this concept, some specific forms and arrangements of connection relationships, positional relationships, power mechanisms, power supply systems and control systems may not be fully described. However, under the premise that those skilled in the art understand the concept of this application, they can implement the above-mentioned specific forms and arrangements in a well-known manner.

[0022] When a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0023] The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours of each component itself. The terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0024] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "over," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "above" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways, and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0025] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, and "several" means one or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0026] The present application provides an automatic rod changing device for down-the-hole drilling rigs.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this application provides an automatic rod changing device for a down-the-hole drill rig, which is installed on the main drill frame 1 and includes a boom 2, a drive mechanism 3, a lifting clamping plate 4, a reverse clamping mechanism 5, and a moving and flipping mechanism 6.

[0028] At least one set of grippers 21 is slidably mounted on the boom 2. Each set of grippers 21 has two grippers 21 arranged laterally opposite each other. The two opposing grippers 21 are used to clamp the drill pipe. A drive mechanism 3 is mounted on the boom 2 and corresponds one-to-one with each set of grippers 21. The drive mechanism 3 is used to drive the grippers 21 in the same set to move laterally closer or further away.

[0029] The lifting clamping plate 4 corresponds one-to-one with each individual clamping jaw 21 and is vertically slidably disposed below the clamping jaw 21. The lifting clamping plate 4 has the freedom to move downward on the boom 2. The reverse clamping mechanism 5 is disposed on the boom 2 and corresponds one-to-one with each set of clamping jaws 21.

[0030] The movable tilting mechanism 6 is mounted on the main drill frame 1 and connected to the boom 2. The movable tilting mechanism 6 is used to move the boom 2 and tilt it to the drill pipe magazine.

[0031] When the jaws 21 clamp the drill rod, the two corresponding lifting plates 4 are also clamping the drill rod. The reverse clamping mechanism 5 is used to drive the jaws 21 to move closer to each other while the lifting plates 4 move downward.

[0032] This embodiment provides an automatic rod changing device for down-the-hole drilling rigs. Compared with the prior art, the jaws 21 and the lifting clamping plate 4 form a double-layer synchronous clamping structure. During initial clamping, both clamp the drill rod simultaneously, fixing it radially and axially. When external vibrations, clamping force attenuation, or other factors cause insufficient clamping force of the jaws 21, the drill rod will cause the lifting clamping plate 4 to move slightly downward. The reverse clamping mechanism 5 will then drive the jaws 21 to clamp further towards each other, forming a closed-loop safety mechanism from loosening to automatic tightening, which greatly improves the structural stability and operational safety of the rod changing process.

[0033] Meanwhile, the mobile tilting mechanism 6 can autonomously complete the translation, tilting and docking of the boom 2 with the drill rod magazine, without the need for manual assistance in adjusting the drill rod posture, significantly shortening the time for changing the rod and comprehensively improving the automation level and work efficiency of drill rod replacement for down-the-hole drilling rigs.

[0034] By integrating the boom 2, gripper 21, drive mechanism 3, lifting clamping plate 4, reverse clamping mechanism 5 and moving and flipping mechanism 6, the cumbersome process of manually installing and disassembling the base plate required for traditional rod replacement is eliminated, and the entire process of drill rod replacement on down-the-hole drilling rigs is automated.

[0035] like Figures 3 to 4 As shown, this application provides another specific implementation method based on the above-described implementation method as follows: The inner wall of the lifting clamp 4 that contacts the drill rod has multiple grooves, and each groove contains an elastic block 43. When the lifting clamp 4 clamps the drill rod, the elastic block 43 is pressed into the groove.

[0036] Grooves and elastic blocks 43 are provided on the inner wall where the lifting clamping plate 4 contacts the drill rod, which increases the friction coefficient between the lifting clamping plate 4 and the outer wall of the drill rod, avoids slippage on the smooth drill rod surface, and enhances the linkage between the drill rod descent and the lifting clamping plate 4.

[0037] like Figure 4 As shown, this application provides another specific implementation method based on the above-described implementation method as follows: The bottom surface of the gripper 21 is vertically provided with multiple receiving slots 211; the top surface of the lifting clamping plate 4 is vertically fixed with several sliding rods 41, which are slidably disposed in the corresponding receiving slots 211; and a connecting spring 42 is provided in the receiving slot 211, one end of the connecting spring 42 is connected to the inner wall of the receiving slot 211, and the other end is connected to the sliding rod 41; when the connecting spring 42 is in a free state, the bottom surface of the gripper 21 is in contact with the top surface of the lifting clamping plate 4.

[0038] The receiving groove 211 on the bottom surface of the gripper 21 and the slide rod 41 of the lifting clamp 4 form a sliding guide structure to ensure that the lifting clamp 4 is accurately raised and lowered in the vertical direction without lateral offset or jamming.

[0039] The connecting spring 42 keeps the gripper 21 and the lifting clamping plate 4 in a constant elastic fit. During initial clamping, the two grip the drill rod simultaneously. When loosening, the lifting clamping plate 4 can smoothly move down to trigger the tightening action. The combination of sliding guide and elastic reset optimizes the smoothness of the linkage of the double-layer clamping, avoids tightening failure caused by structural jamming, and improves the smoothness of the device operation.

[0040] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, this application provides another specific implementation method based on the above-described implementation method as follows: The drive mechanism 3 includes a drive screw 31, a slide plate 32, an adjusting drive cylinder 33, and a transmission component 34.

[0041] The drive screw 31 is horizontally rotatable within the boom 2 and has two sections of threads with opposite directions of rotation. The grippers 21 in the same group are threadedly connected to threads with different directions of rotation. The slide plate 32 is vertically slidable within the boom 2.

[0042] The adjusting drive cylinder 33 is installed inside the boom 2 and is used to drive the slide plate 32 to slide. The transmission component 34 is connected between the slide plate 32 and the drive screw 31 and is used to drive the drive screw 31 to rotate when the slide plate 32 slides.

[0043] A combined drive structure consisting of a drive screw 31 with two reverse threads, a slide plate 32, an adjusting drive cylinder 33, and a transmission component 34 is adopted to achieve synchronous opposite or opposite movements of the two jaws 21 in the same group, ensuring that the jaws 21 are symmetrically stressed and aligned with the center when gripping the drill rod.

[0044] The regulating drive cylinder 33 provides stable linear power, which is converted into rotational power of the drive screw 31 through the transmission component 34. The power transmission path is simple and efficient.

[0045] The screw thread drive has a self-locking characteristic, which can keep the gripper 21 in a clamping state after initial clamping without loosening. Together with the vertically sliding slide plate 32, it can achieve precise control of power and improve the accuracy and reliability of the clamping action of the gripper 21.

[0046] like Figures 5 to 6 As shown, this application provides another specific implementation method based on the above-described implementation method as follows: The transmission component 34 includes a transmission rack 341 and a transmission gear 342. The transmission rack 341 is arranged in the same direction on the slide plate 32. The transmission gear 342 is coaxially fixed on the drive screw 31 and meshes with the transmission rack 341.

[0047] When the adjusting drive cylinder 33 drives the transmission rack 341 to move toward the transmission gear 342 via the slide plate 32, the drive screw 31 drives the two grippers 21 to move closer to each other.

[0048] In this embodiment, the transmission rack 341 and transmission gear 342 are made of alloy carburized steel.

[0049] The meshing transmission method of the transmission rack 341 and the transmission gear 342 is a rigid and precise transmission, without slippage or free stroke. It can convert the linear displacement of the adjustment drive cylinder 33 into the rotation angle of the drive screw 31, ensuring precise control of the clamping stroke of the gripper 21.

[0050] The transmission rack 341 moves in the same direction as the slide plate 32, driving the transmission gear 342 to rotate. The transmission response is fast and the action is smooth, ensuring the consistency of the two grippers 21 clamping or releasing synchronously. This avoids problems such as uneven force on the drill rod, deviation and fall off due to asynchronous clamping, and improves the synchronization and stability of the clamping action.

[0051] like Figures 5 to 6 As shown, this application provides another specific implementation method based on the above-described implementation method as follows: The drive mechanism 3 also includes a ratchet 35, a pawl 36, and a separation assembly 37. The ratchet 35 is coaxially fixed to the drive screw 31; the pawl 36 is located above the ratchet 35 and engages with it. The separation assembly 37 is disposed inside the boom 2 and is used to separate the ratchet 35 from the pawl 36.

[0052] The first direction is defined as the rotatable direction when the ratchet 35 and the pawl 36 are engaged. At this time, the drive screw 31 can only rotate in the direction that drives the pawls 21 of the same group to move closer to each other. The pawl 36 is set on the reverse clamping mechanism 5. When the lifting clamping plate 4 moves down, the reverse clamping mechanism 5 drives the pawl 36 to push the ratchet 35 in the first direction, so that the drive screw 31 drives the pawls 21 of the same group to further clamp the drill pipe.

[0053] The ratchet 35 and pawl 36 enable the unidirectional limiting rotation of the drive screw 31, allowing the pawl 21 to rotate only in the clamping direction, completely eliminating the problem of the screw reversing and loosening the pawl after clamping, thus forming a reliable mechanical self-locking anti-loosening mechanism.

[0054] The pawl 36 is integrated into the reverse clamping mechanism 5. When the lifting clamping plate 4 moves down, it can directly link the pawl 36 to push the ratchet 35, and the drive screw 31 will automatically drive the clamping pawl 21 to perform advanced clamping. No additional power source or control command is required, which realizes passive automatic tightening. The structure is simple and the response is immediate.

[0055] The separation component 37 can disengage the ratchet 35 and pawl 36 as needed, allowing the gripper 21 to be released normally, thus meeting the dual requirements of self-locking protection and regular gripper release operation.

[0056] like Figures 5 to 6 As shown, this application provides another specific implementation method based on the above-described implementation method as follows: The ratchet 35 is keyed to the drive screw 31, and the ratchet 35 has the degree of freedom to slide on the drive screw 31 and disengage from the pawl 36. The separation assembly 37 includes a separation drive cylinder 371 and a connecting bracket 372.

[0057] The separation drive cylinder 371 is installed inside the boom 2, and the extension and retraction direction of the separation drive cylinder 371 is parallel to the axial direction of the drive screw 31. One end of the connecting bracket 372 is connected to the piston rod of the separation drive cylinder 371, and the other end is connected to the ratchet 35. The connecting bracket 372 and the ratchet 35 are rotatably connected along the axial direction of the drive screw 31.

[0058] The ratchet 35 and the drive screw 31 are connected by a key, which ensures that the ratchet 35 and the drive screw 31 rotate synchronously and allows the ratchet 35 to slide freely along the axis of the drive screw 31, providing a structural basis for the separation of the ratchet 35 and the pawl 36.

[0059] The separation drive cylinder 371 extends and retracts along the drive screw 31 axially, and precisely drives the ratchet 35 to slide through the connecting bracket 372, so as to completely disengage or re-engage the ratchet 35 with the pawl 36. The separation action is precise and without jamming, and the separation is thorough and without interference.

[0060] The rotating connection design between the connecting frame 372 and the ratchet 35 does not affect the normal rotation of the ratchet 35 with the screw, and the unlocking and locking actions do not interfere with each other, thus improving the reliability of the separation mechanism.

[0061] like Figures 5 to 6 As shown, this application provides another specific implementation method based on the above-described implementation method as follows: There are two sets of ratchet 35, pawl 36 and connecting bracket 372, which are respectively located at both ends of the drive screw 31. The two connecting brackets 372 are located in opposite directions of the two ratchet 35. The separation drive cylinder 371 is a bidirectional drive cylinder, which is used to simultaneously drive the two connecting brackets 372 to move closer or further away from each other, so that the two ratchet 35 can synchronously separate from or re-engage with the corresponding pawl 36.

[0062] The bidirectional separation drive cylinder 371 synchronously drives two sets of ratchet wheels 35 and pawls 36 to achieve synchronous separation and engagement of the ratchet wheels 35 at both ends of the drive screw 31, ensuring balanced force on both sides of the screw and avoiding screw overload and jamming problems caused by unilateral locking or separation.

[0063] Two sets of ratchet wheels 35 and pawls 36 provide double locking, further enhancing the one-way self-locking effect of the drive screw 31, preventing the long-stroke screw from twisting and loosening, and improving the stability and safety of the overall locking mechanism.

[0064] like Figures 5 to 7 As shown, this application provides another specific implementation method based on the above-described implementation method as follows: The slide plate 32 has a groove 321 for one end of the transmission rack 341 to slide inward, and a limiting groove 322 is formed on the inner side wall of the groove 321 in the same direction. The reverse clamping mechanism 5 includes a linkage frame 51, a linkage spring 52, an elastic element 53, and a limiting block 54. In this embodiment, the elastic element 53 can specifically be a rubber block or a silicone block.

[0065] The linkage frame 51 corresponds one-to-one with the lifting clamp 4. The linkage frame 51 and the lifting clamp 4 are horizontally slidably connected, and the linkage frame 51 is vertically slidably connected to the inner wall of the boom 2. The pawl 36 is set on the linkage frame 51.

[0066] The linkage spring 52 is installed inside the boom 2 and connected to the linkage frame 51; when the linkage spring 52 is in the free state, the top surface of the lifting clamp 4 is in contact with the bottom surface of the gripper 21.

[0067] The elastic element 53 is disposed in the slide groove 321 and fixedly connected to the top of the transmission rack 341. The limiting block 54 is fixed to one side of the transmission rack 341 and slidably disposed in the limiting groove 322.

[0068] When the adjusting drive cylinder 33 drives the transmission rack 341 to move toward the transmission gear 342 via the slide plate 32, the elastic element 53 is compressed so that the transmission rack 341 remains in a tight position with the transmission gear 342. When the reverse clamping mechanism 5 drives the drive screw 31 to rotate further, the elastic element 53 can synchronously push the transmission rack 341 to assist the transmission gear 342 and the drive screw 31 to rotate further.

[0069] In this embodiment, a torsion spring is provided between the rotating shaft of the pawl 36 and the linkage frame 51. When the torsion spring is in a free state, the pawl 36 remains engaged with the ratchet 35.

[0070] When the lifting clamp 4 moves along with the gripper 21, the linkage frame 51 does not move, and the pawl 36 remains engaged with the ratchet 35. The linkage frame 51 connects the lifting clamp 4 and the pawl 36, realizing a purely mechanical linkage where the lifting clamp 4 moves down until the pawl 36 pushes the ratchet 35. This requires no electrical or hydraulic assistance, has a fast response speed, and is reliable in operation. The linkage spring 52 ensures that the lifting clamp 4 is initially in close contact with the bottom surface of the gripper 21, ensuring the synchronicity of the double-layer clamping, and at the same time provides the lifting clamp 4 with the reset power, automatically resetting after tightening is completed.

[0071] The elastic element 53 inside the slide groove 321 can always push the transmission rack 341 to mesh with the transmission gear 342, avoiding transmission tooth disengagement and ensuring power transmission during advanced clamping; the limiting block 54 restricts the sliding stroke of the transmission rack 341, preventing the transmission rack 341 from slipping out of the slide groove 321, and further improving the operational stability of the reverse clamping mechanism 5.

[0072] like Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, this application provides another specific implementation method based on the above-described implementation method as follows: The movable tilting mechanism 6 includes a fixed arm 61, a swing arm 62, a first rotation drive 63, and a tilting drive 64. The fixed arm 61 is fixed to one side of the main drill frame 1; the swing arm 62 is rotatably mounted on the fixed arm 61 along the vertical axis.

[0073] The first rotation drive 63 is vertically mounted on the fixed arm 61 and is used to drive the swing arm 62 to rotate. The flip drive 64 is mounted on the swing arm 62 and connected to the boom 2. The flip drive 64 is used to flip the boom 2 from vertical to horizontal.

[0074] The fixed arm 61 provides a stable mounting base for the entire moving and tilting mechanism 6. The swing arm 62 rotates along the vertical axis under the drive of the first rotary drive 63, realizing the horizontal large-stroke translation of the boom 2 and the drill pipe, and quickly completing the position switching between the main drill frame 1 and the drill pipe magazine.

[0075] The flipping drive unit 64 can flip the boom 2 from the vertical working posture to the horizontal rod storage posture, completing the posture conversion of the drill rod. There is no need to manually adjust the drill rod angle, realizing the automated transfer and posture adaptation of the entire rod changing process, improving the spatial mobility and docking accuracy of the device.

[0076] like Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, this application provides another specific implementation method based on the above-described implementation method as follows: The tilting drive unit 64 includes a lifting frame 641, a lifting drive cylinder 642, a tilting frame 643, and a second rotation drive unit 644. The lifting frame 641 is vertically slidably mounted on the swing arm 62; the lifting drive cylinder 642 is mounted on the swing arm 62 and is used to drive the lifting frame 641 to slide.

[0077] The tilting frame 643 is rotatably mounted on one side of the lifting frame 641 along the transverse axis, and the boom 2 is mounted on the tilting frame 643. The second rotation drive 644 is transversely mounted on the lifting frame 641 and is used to drive the tilting frame 643 to rotate.

[0078] Before flipping, the lifting frame 641 is driven vertically by the lifting drive cylinder 642 to lift the drill rod off the ground, leaving sufficient space for flipping and avoiding damage to the drill rod from the ground and drill frame during the flipping process; at the same time, the initial height of the boom 2 can be adjusted according to the length and size of the drill rod to adapt to the flipping requirements of different specifications of drill rods and improve the versatility of the device.

[0079] The second rotary drive component 644 drives the tilting frame 643 to rotate, realizing the smooth tilting of the boom 2. The tilting action is smooth and without impact, protecting the drill rod and clamping structure, and improving the safety of the tilting operation.

[0080] like Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, this application provides another specific implementation method based on the above-described implementation method as follows: The tilting drive 64 also includes a rotating arm 645 and a third rotating drive 646. The rotating arm 645 is rotatably mounted on the tilting frame 643 along a vertical axis. The third rotating drive 646 is vertically mounted on the tilting frame 643 and is used to drive the rotating arm 645 to rotate. The boom 2 is located on one side of the rotating arm 645.

[0081] The third rotary drive 646 drives the rotary arm 645 to rotate along the vertical axis, completing the front-to-back repositioning adjustment of the boom 2 and the drill pipe before flipping, so that the drill pipe is precisely below the boom 2 after flipping, matching the up-and-down rod loading and unloading posture of the drill pipe magazine.

[0082] The repositioning action requires no manual intervention and automatically completes the attitude fine-tuning to ensure that the drill pipe is in the optimal position for pipe changing after flipping, simplifying subsequent pipe picking and placing operations and improving the smoothness and adaptability of the pipe changing process.

[0083] like Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, this application provides another specific implementation method based on the above-described implementation method as follows: The moving and tilting mechanism 6 also includes a sliding sleeve 65 and a push drive cylinder 66. The sliding sleeve 65 is vertically slidably fitted onto the rotating arm 645 and fixed to the boom 2. The push drive cylinder 66 is disposed on the rotating arm 645 and is used to drive the sliding sleeve 65 to slide on the rotating arm 645.

[0084] The sliding fit structure between the sliding sleeve 65 and the rotating arm 645, after the drill pipe is flipped into place, drives the boom 2 and the drill pipe to be precisely pushed to the drill pipe magazine docking position by the push drive cylinder 66, eliminating positional deviation and ensuring precise docking of the drill pipe and the drill pipe magazine.

[0085] The pushing action is linear and smooth, avoiding drill pipe deviation during the pushing process, further improving the accuracy of drill pipe replacement and docking, reducing the probability of drill pipe jamming and docking failure, and optimizing the operation effect of automated drill pipe replacement.

[0086] The first rotary drive 63, the second rotary drive 644, and the third rotary drive 646 are rotary hydraulic cylinders; the lifting drive cylinder 642 and the pushing drive cylinder 66 are linear piston hydraulic cylinders.

[0087] The implementation principle of an automatic rod changing device for a down-the-hole drill rig according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: Initial clamping and double-layer synchronous clamping: After the jaws 21 are aligned with the drill pipe, the adjusting drive cylinder 33 drives the slide plate 32 to slide vertically. The transmission rack 341 on the slide plate 32 meshes with the transmission gear 342 on the drive screw 31, driving the drive screw 31 with reverse threads to rotate, causing the two jaws 21 in the same group to move synchronously towards each other along the lateral side of the boom 2. At the same time, the lifting clamping plate 4 below the jaws 21 is in contact with the bottom surface of the jaws 21 under the action of the linkage spring 52, and moves synchronously with the jaws 21. Finally, the jaws 21 and the lifting clamping plate 4 form a double-layer synchronous clamping, holding the vertical drill pipe on the main drill frame 1 tightly. At this time, the ratchet 35 meshes with the pawl 36, and the drive screw 31 can only rotate in the clamping direction, realizing the mechanical self-locking of the initial clamping and preventing the jaws from loosening.

[0088] Automatic tightening safety protection: During the rod changing and transfer process, if the clamping force of the chuck 21 is insufficient due to drilling machine vibration and clamping force attenuation, the drill rod will be driven by gravity to move the lifting chuck 4 vertically and slightly downward along the slide bar 41; the lifting chuck 4 drives the pawl 36 to move downward synchronously through the linkage frame 51, the pawl 36 pushes the ratchet 35 to rotate in the first direction, thereby driving the screw 31 to rotate further, driving the chuck 21 to automatically advance and clamp the drill rod; the elastic element 53 in the slide groove 321 always pushes the transmission rack 341 to mesh with the transmission gear 342, ensuring smooth transmission of tightening power, completing the passive safety protection from loosening to tightening, until the clamping force returns to stability.

[0089] Movement and height adjustment: After clamping is completed, the first rotary drive 63 on the fixed arm 61 drives the swing arm 62 to rotate along the vertical axis, and moves the boom 2 and the drill rod to the side of the main drill frame 1; then the lifting drive cylinder 642 on the swing arm 62 drives the lifting frame 641 to slide vertically, lift the drill rod off the ground, and leave room for flipping.

[0090] Posture flipping and front-to-back repositioning: The third rotary drive 646 on the lifting frame 641 drives the rotating arm 645 to rotate along the vertical axis, completing the front-to-back repositioning of the boom 2 and the drill pipe; then the second rotary drive 644 drives the flipping frame 643 to rotate along the horizontal axis, flipping the boom 2 from the vertical working posture to the horizontal rod storage posture, so that the drill pipe is below the boom 2, matching the rod retrieval and placement posture of the drill pipe magazine.

[0091] Precise pushing and drill pipe replacement: The push drive cylinder 66 on the rotating arm 645 drives the sliding sleeve 65 to slide vertically along the rotating arm 645, precisely pushing the boom 2 and the drill pipe to the docking position of the drill pipe magazine; the drill pipe magazine robotic arm completes the replacement operation of removing the old rod and clamping the new rod. During the replacement process, the double-layer clamping and automatic tightening mechanism continuously ensure the clamping safety of the new drill pipe.

[0092] Reset the pawl and return to the working position: After the rod replacement is completed, the push drive cylinder 66 drives the boom 2 to reset. The second rotary drive component 644 and the third rotary drive component 646 move in sequence to flip the boom 2 back to the vertical position. The first rotary drive component 63 drives the swing arm 62 to reset and transfer the new drill rod to the working position of the main drill frame 1. Finally, the separation drive cylinder 371 drives the ratchet 35 to slide along the drive screw 31 axially through the connecting frame 372, disengaging the pawl 36 and releasing the one-way self-locking. The adjustment drive cylinder 33 moves in the opposite direction, and the drive screw 31 reverses to drive the pawl 21 to release from the lifting clamp 4, completing the installation of the new drill rod. The device returns to the standby state, waiting for the next rod replacement command.

[0093] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

[0094] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0095] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

Claims

1. An automatic rod changing device for a down-the-hole drill rig, installed on the main drill frame (1), characterized in that, include: The boom (2) is slidably provided with at least one set of grippers (21), each set of grippers (21) having two grippers arranged laterally opposite each other; At least one set of drive mechanisms (3) is provided on the boom (2) and corresponds one-to-one with a single set of grippers (21). The drive mechanism (3) is used to drive the two grippers (21) in the same set to move laterally closer or further away. Multiple lifting clamps (4) correspond one-to-one with a single clamp (21) and are vertically slidably disposed below the clamp (21). The lifting clamps (4) have the freedom to move downward on the boom (2). At least one set of reverse clamping mechanisms (5) is provided on the boom (2) and corresponds one-to-one with a single set of grippers (21); as well as A movable flipping mechanism (6) is installed on the main drilling frame (1) and connected to the boom (2). The movable flipping mechanism (6) is used to drive the boom (2) to move and flip to the drill pipe magazine. When the two jaws (21) in the same group clamp the drill rod, the two corresponding lifting plates (4) are also clamping the drill rod. The reverse clamping mechanism (5) is used to drive the two jaws (21) in the same group to move closer to each other while the lifting plates (4) move downward.

2. The automatic rod changing device for a down-the-hole drill rig as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (3) includes: The drive screw (31) is rotatably mounted inside the boom (2) and has two threads with opposite directions of rotation. The two jaws (21) in the same group are threadedly connected to threads with different directions of rotation. The sliding plate (32) is vertically slidably disposed within the boom (2); Adjustable drive cylinder (33), located inside the boom (2), is used to drive the slide plate (32) to slide; and A transmission component (34) is connected between the slide plate (32) and the drive screw (31) for rotating the drive screw (31) when the slide plate (32) slides.

3. The automatic rod changing device for a down-the-hole drill rig as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission component (34) includes: A transmission rack (341) is arranged in the same direction on the slide plate (32); and The transmission gear (342) is coaxially fixed on the drive screw (31) and meshes with the transmission rack (341); When the adjusting drive cylinder (33) drives the transmission rack (341) to move toward the transmission gear (342) via the slide plate (32), the drive screw (31) drives the two grippers (21) to move closer to each other.

4. The automatic rod changing device for a down-the-hole drill rig as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (3) further includes: The ratchet (35) is coaxially fixed on the drive screw (31); A pawl (36) is located above the ratchet (35) and engages with the ratchet (35); and A separation assembly (37) is disposed inside the boom (2) for separating the ratchet (35) from the pawl (36). Wherein, the rotatable direction when the ratchet (35) and the pawl (36) are engaged is defined as the first direction. At this time, the drive screw (31) can only rotate in the direction that drives the two jaws (21) in the same group to move closer to each other. The pawl (36) is set on the reverse clamping mechanism (5). When the lifting clamp (4) moves down, the reverse clamping mechanism (5) drives the pawl (36) to push the ratchet (35) in the first direction so that the drive screw (31) drives the two jaws (21) in the same group to further clamp the drill rod.

5. The automatic rod changing device for a down-the-hole drill rig as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The ratchet (35) is keyed to the drive screw (31), and the ratchet (35) has the degree of freedom to slide on the drive screw (31) and disengage from the pawl (36); the separation assembly (37) includes: A separation drive cylinder (371) is disposed within the boom (2), and the extension and retraction direction of the separation drive cylinder (371) is parallel to the axial direction of the drive screw (31); and The connecting frame (372) is connected at one end to the piston rod of the separation drive cylinder (371) and at the other end to the ratchet (35), and the connecting frame (372) and the ratchet (35) are rotatably connected along the drive screw (31).

6. The automatic rod changing device for a down-the-hole drill rig as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The slide plate (32) has a groove (321) for one end of the transmission rack (341) to slide inward, and a limit groove (322) is formed on the inner side wall of the groove (321) in the same direction; the reverse clamping mechanism (5) includes: The linkage frame (51) corresponds one-to-one with the lifting clamp (4). The linkage frame (51) and the lifting clamp (4) are horizontally slidably connected. The linkage frame (51) and the inner wall of the boom (2) are vertically slidably connected. The pawl (36) is set on the linkage frame (51). A linkage spring (52) is installed inside the boom (2) and connected to the linkage frame (51); when the linkage spring (52) is in a free state, the top surface of the lifting clamp (4) is in contact with the bottom surface of the gripper (21); An elastic element (53) is disposed within the groove (321) and connected to the transmission rack (341); and The limiting block (54) is fixed to one side of the transmission rack (341) and slidably disposed in the limiting groove (322); When the adjusting drive cylinder (33) drives the transmission rack (341) to move toward the transmission gear (342) via the slide plate (32), the elastic element (53) is compressed.

7. The automatic rod changing device for a down-the-hole drill rig as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The moving and flipping mechanism (6) includes: Fixed arm (61) is fixed to one side of the main drilling frame (1); The swing arm (62) is rotatably mounted on the fixed arm (61) along the vertical axis; The first rotary drive (63) is vertically arranged on the fixed arm (61) and is used to drive the swing arm (62) to rotate; A flipping drive (64) is disposed on the swing arm (62) and connected to the boom (2). The flipping drive (64) is used to flip the boom (2) from vertical to horizontal.

8. The automatic rod changing device for a down-the-hole drill rig as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The flipping drive (64) includes: The lifting frame (641) is vertically slidably mounted on the swing arm (62); A lifting drive cylinder (642) is mounted on the swing arm (62) and is used to drive the lifting frame (641) to slide. A tilting frame (643) is rotatably mounted on one side of the lifting frame (641) along a transverse axis, and the boom (2) is mounted on the tilting frame (643); and The second rotary drive (644) is arranged laterally on the lifting frame (641) and is used to drive the tilting frame (643) to rotate.

9. An automatic rod changing device for a down-the-hole drill rig as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The flipping drive (64) also includes: A rotating arm (645) is rotatably mounted on the tilting frame (643) along a vertical axis; and The third rotary drive (646) is vertically mounted on the tilting frame (643) and is used to drive the rotary arm (645) to rotate. The boom (2) is located on one side of the rotating arm (645).

10. An automatic rod changing device for a down-the-hole drill rig as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The moving and flipping mechanism (6) also includes: A sliding sleeve (65) is vertically slidably fitted onto the rotating arm (645) and fixed to the boom (2); and A push drive cylinder (66) is mounted on the rotating arm (645) to drive the sliding sleeve (65) to slide on the rotating arm (645).

Images