A double-line double-charge double-wide coaxial pulse generator and a design method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a double-line double-charge double-width coaxial pulse generator and a design method thereof, belongs to the technical field of pulse power devices, and solves the technical problem that the pulse width and energy storage of the coaxial pulse generator cannot be simultaneously increased, wherein the coaxial pulse generator comprises an outer conductor, a middle conductor, an inner conductor, a switch, an output line inner conductor and a load; the central axes of the outer conductor, the middle conductor and the inner conductor are collinear; the impedance of the outer coaxial line and the inner coaxial line is equal; the middle conductor, the switch, the output line inner conductor, the load and the outer conductor are connected in series; the inner conductor is in communication with the outer conductor; the outer coaxial line and the inner coaxial line are simultaneously charged during charging; and the inner coaxial line and the outer coaxial line are sequentially discharged to the load during discharging; the design method of the coaxial pulse generator comprises the steps of PFL diameter design, PFL length design and circuit simulation; and the application is used for coaxial pulse power devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pulse power device technology, specifically relating to a dual-wire dual-charge double-width coaxial pulse generator and its design method. Background Technology

[0002] Coaxial pulse forming lines are characterized by their low electromagnetic field leakage, making them widely used in the field of pulse power technology. Common coaxial pulse power devices are classified into single-line pulse generators and dual-line pulse generators based on the number of forming lines.

[0003] A single-wire pulse generator uses only one pulse-forming line in the pulse-forming process. Its output voltage is half the charging voltage V0, denoted as V0 / 2. The output pulse width (hereinafter referred to as pulse width) is proportional to the axial dimension of the single wire, specifically twice the electrical length, denoted as 2τ. The single-wire energy storage is denoted as W0. This type of pulse generator is widely used in the SINUS series accelerators in Russia and the TPG series and CHP series accelerators in China.

[0004] A two-wire pulse generator uses two pulse-forming lines to simultaneously participate in the pulse-forming process. A typical two-wire pulse generator is the Blumlein pulse generator (AD Blumlein, "Improvements in or relating to apparatus for generating electrical impulses." British Patent, 1941). A schematic diagram of a coaxial Blumlein pulse generator can be found... Figure 1 The pulse forming unit of this type of pulse generator consists of two nested coaxial lines 5 and 4, sharing a single conductor, referred to as the middle conductor 2 or middle cylinder; and the switch 10 and load 12 are located at opposite ends of the coaxial pulse generator. The Blumlein pulse generator is characterized by doubled output voltage, equal to the charging voltage V0; output pulse width twice the length of a single wire, denoted as 2τ; and dual-wire energy storage, denoted as 2W0. Typical coaxial Blumlein pulse generators include the Russian RANDAN series and the Chinese CKP series. The Blumlein pulse generator solves the problem of low energy storage in single-wire pulse generators by charging simultaneously with two wires; however, it does not solve the problem of widening the pulse width.

[0005] Another typical dual-line pulse generator is the double-width pulse generator. See Chinese invention patent CN104953987B, which discloses a coaxial two-stage reentry pulse forming line. A schematic diagram of its double-width coaxial pulse generator is shown below. Figure 2 Compared to Figure 1The coaxial Blummlein pulse generator, a double-width coaxial pulse generator, has its switch and load connected in series and both placed at one end of the pulse generator. This type of pulse generator features double the output pulse width (4τ), but the output voltage is only half the charging voltage (V0 / 2); it stores energy via a single wire (W0). The double-width pulse generator solves the pulse width widening problem through a re-entry line, but it doesn't solve the problem of doubling the energy storage.

[0006] A typical double-width coaxial pulse generator is the Chinese TPG1000B, see Zhang Xibo's paper ("Double-Width Pulse Forming Line", Proceedings of the 4th National Pulse Power Conference, Hailar, Inner Mongolia, 2015). The TPG1000B uses transformer oil insulation, has a pulse forming line length of 2.5m, corresponding to a single-line pulse width of 25ns, and an actual output pulse width of 45ns, almost double; the output power is 12GW, and the energy storage is 540J, which is not double the actual energy storage.

[0007] The TPG1000L is mentioned in the following literature (S. Liu, et al, “A Tesla-type long-pulse generator with wide flat-top width based on a double-width pulse-forming line,” Laser and Particle Beams, vol. 36, pp. 115-120, 2018). The TPG1000L also uses transformer oil insulation, has a pulse-forming line length of 6m, corresponding to a single-line pulse width of 60ns, and an actual output pulse width of 120ns, which is doubled; however, its output power is 10GW, and its energy storage is 1200J, which is not doubled.

[0008] The TPG1000C is mentioned in the literature (Gang Wang, et al, "15-GW repetitive pulsed powergenerator based on Midel 7131 and double-width pulse forming line," Rev. Sci.Instrum., vol. 95, p. 114702, 2024.). The TPG1000C uses Midel 7131 oil insulation, has a pulse forming line length of 2.1m, corresponding to a single-wire pulse width of 24ns, and an actual output pulse width of 45ns, almost doubled; the output power is 15GW, and the energy storage is 675J, which is not doubled. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To overcome the shortcomings of coaxial pulse generators in simultaneously doubling pulse width and energy storage capacity, this invention proposes a dual-line, dual-charge, double-width coaxial pulse generator and its design method.

[0010] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0011] A dual-wire, dual-charge, double-width coaxial pulse generator includes an outer conductor, a middle conductor, an inner conductor, a switch, an output line inner conductor, and a load.

[0012] The middle conductor, inner conductor, switch, output line inner conductor, and load are located inside the outer conductor.

[0013] The outer conductor, middle conductor, and inner conductor are all metallic conductors. The outer conductor is a hollow cylinder; the middle conductor is a cylinder with an opening at the left end; and the inner conductor is a cylinder with its left end fixed to the outer conductor and inserted into the middle conductor.

[0014] The central axes of the outer conductor, middle conductor, and inner conductor are collinear.

[0015] The outer conductor and the middle conductor form an outer coaxial line, and the middle conductor and the inner conductor form an inner coaxial line. The outer coaxial line and the inner coaxial line have equal impedances.

[0016] The middle conductor, switch, output line inner conductor, load, and outer conductor are connected in series. The inner conductor and outer conductor are connected.

[0017] The switch, the inner conductor of the output line, and the load are located on the central axis of the outer conductor and to the right of the middle conductor.

[0018] During charging, the external and internal coaxial cables charge simultaneously; during discharging, the external and internal coaxial cables discharge to the load sequentially.

[0019] The aforementioned double-width coaxial pulse generator also includes a rearward insulation support, a forward insulation support, a load insulation support, and an internal insulation support.

[0020] The backward insulating support, forward insulating support, load insulating support, and inner insulating support are all made of insulating material and are located inside the outer conductor.

[0021] The backward insulation support, forward insulation support, and load insulation support are annular, with their outer circumference matching the inner circumference of the outer conductor and fixed inside the outer conductor, perpendicular to the central axis of the outer conductor. The inner circumference of the backward insulation support matches the outer circumference of the inner conductor to fix the inner conductor; the inner circumference of the forward insulation support matches the outer circumference of the middle conductor to fix the middle conductor; and the inner circumference of the load insulation support matches the outer circumference of the inner conductor of the output line to fix the inner conductor of the output line.

[0022] The inner insulation support is located on the central axis of the middle conductor, with its right end fixed inside the right end of the middle conductor and its left end fixed inside the right end of the inner conductor, for the purpose of fixing the middle conductor (2) and the inner conductor (3).

[0023] The aforementioned double-width coaxial pulse generator also includes a grounding inductor and a Tesla transformer.

[0024] The Tesla transformer is connected to the outer conductor and the middle conductor at both ends, respectively.

[0025] The two ends of the grounding inductor are connected to the outer conductor and the inner conductor of the output line, respectively, to isolate the pre-pulse.

[0026] A design method for a dual-wire, dual-charge, double-width coaxial pulse generator includes the following steps:

[0027] Step 1, PFL diameter design

[0028] Based on the impedance, pulse width, and power requirements of the dual-wire, dual-charge, double-width coaxial pulse generator, calculate the output voltage U. d The calculation formula is as follows:

[0029]

[0030] The specifications include output power P, pulse width, and load impedance Z. d .

[0031] The charging voltage U0 of the pulse forming line (PFL) is calculated as follows:

[0032]

[0033] In the above formula, U d For the output voltage, R s Z is the equivalent resistance of the switch. PFL The impedance of the pulse forming line is equal to the impedance of the outer coaxial line Z1 and the impedance of the inner coaxial line Z2.

[0034] outer diameter d of the middle conductor mid2 The calculation formula is as follows:

[0035]

[0036] Among them, E max Z represents the maximum insulating electric field on the outer surface of the conductor; PFL For pulse forming line impedance; ε r It represents the dielectric constant of the insulating medium filling the outer and inner coaxial lines.

[0037] Inner diameter d of outer conductor out The calculation formula is as follows:

[0038]

[0039] Based on the wall thickness of the middle conductor (2), the inner diameter d of the middle conductor can be calculated. mid1 The calculation formula is:

[0040]

[0041] Where d represents the wall thickness of the middle conductor (2).

[0042] The outer diameter d of the inner conductor (3) in The calculation formula is as follows:

[0043]

[0044] Step 2, PFL length design

[0045] Pulse forming line PFL length l PFL The calculation formula is as follows:

[0046]

[0047] In the above formula, τ is the single-wire electrical length, i.e., 1 / 4 of the output pulse width; c is the speed of light; ε r is the dielectric constant of the medium.

[0048] Step 3, Circuit Simulation

[0049] Based on the PFL diameter and PFL length obtained from the design, circuit simulation was used to verify the voltage pulse amplitude and voltage pulse width on the load of the designed dual-wire dual-charge double-width coaxial pulse generator.

[0050] The design requirements are met when the voltage pulse width and energy storage obtained from circuit simulation are doubled compared to the output pulse width and energy storage of single-wire charging.

[0051] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0052] A dual-wire dual-charge double-width coaxial pulse generator, which uses two wires to charge simultaneously, doubling both energy storage and pulse width;

[0053] A dual-wire, dual-charge, double-width coaxial pulse generator with a compact structure. Attached Figure Description

[0054] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the existing coaxial Blumlein pulse generator;

[0055] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an existing coaxial double-width line pulse generator;

[0056] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dual-wire, dual-charge, double-width coaxial pulse generator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 4This is an embodiment of the present invention: a dual-wire dual-charge double-width coaxial pulse generator: (a) a charging schematic diagram and (b) a discharging schematic diagram;

[0058] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a Tesla-type dual-wire dual-charge double-width coaxial pulse generator with positive output, as described in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 6 This is the simulated output waveform of the dual-wire dual-charge double-width coaxial pulse generator, which is an embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 7 This is the equivalent circuit diagram of the dual-wire dual-charge double-width coaxial pulse generator of the present invention, in Embodiment 3 of the present invention; wherein, (a) is the simulation circuit diagram and (b) is the voltage divider diagram;

[0061] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of two 20GW Tesla-type pulse generators in Embodiment 3 of the present invention: (a) a dual-wire dual-charge double-width coaxial pulse generator; (b) a single-wire coaxial pulse generator.

[0062] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0063] 1. Outer conductor; 2. Middle conductor; 3. Inner conductor; 4. Outer coaxial cable; 5. Inner coaxial cable; 6. Backward insulation support; 7. Forward insulation support; 8. Load insulation support; 9. Inner insulation support; 10. Switch; 11. Output line inner conductor; 12. Load; 13. Isolation inductor; 14. Tesla transformer; 15. Rear end cover. Detailed Implementation

[0064] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0065] Example 1

[0066] In order to broaden the pulse width of existing single-wire coaxial pulse generators and improve energy storage, this invention proposes a dual-wire dual-charge double-width coaxial pulse generator.

[0067] Combination Figure 3 A dual-wire, dual-charge, double-width coaxial pulse generator includes three conductors: an outer conductor 1, a middle conductor 2, and an inner conductor 3, a main switch 10, and a load 12. The outer conductor 1 and the middle conductor 2 form an outer coaxial line 4, and the middle conductor 2 and the inner conductor 3 form an inner coaxial line 5. The outer coaxial line 4 and the inner coaxial line 5 are designed with equal impedance. In addition, the inner conductor 3 is short-circuited to the outer conductor 1, and the middle conductor 2 is connected in series with the load 12 through the switch 10 and the output line inner conductor 11.

[0068] The working process of the dual-wire, dual-charge, double-width coaxial pulse generator is as follows: During charging, the middle conductor 2 charges to +V0. Since the inner conductor 1 and outer conductor 3 are both insulated from the middle conductor 2, the coaxial lines 4 and 5 charge and store energy simultaneously, achieving double the energy storage. See [link to documentation]. Figure 4 (a) During discharge, the output voltage is V0 / 2. Coaxial lines 4 and 5 are connected in series and discharged to the load through a switch. Since the pulse width generated by a single line is twice its electrical length τ, the coaxial lines connected in series can generate 4τ electrical pulses, thus doubling the pulse width. See Figure 4 (b).

[0069] Compared to the double-width coaxial pulse generator, the dual-wire dual-charge double-width coaxial pulse generator has the same feature that both switch 10 and load 12 are placed on one side of the coaxial line, resulting in double the output pulse width, i.e., both are 4τ. The difference is that the outer conductor 1 and inner conductor 2 of the dual-wire dual-charge double-width coaxial pulse generator are short-circuited, so both lines can charge and store energy simultaneously, while the middle conductor 2 and inner conductor 3 of the double-width coaxial pulse generator are short-circuited, so only one line charges and stores energy.

[0070] Compared to the coaxial Blumlein pulse generator, the dual-wire dual-charge double-width coaxial pulse generator has the same feature of storing energy in both the inner and outer cylinders simultaneously. The difference is that the switch 10 and load 12 of the dual-wire dual-charge double-width pulse generator are both placed on one side of the coaxial line, resulting in a doubled output pulse width of 4τ, while the output pulse width of the coaxial Blumlein pulse generator is only 2τ.

[0071] In short, the pulse generator proposed in this invention is a "dual-wire dual-charge double-width pulse generator," while the double-width coaxial pulse generator is a "dual-wire single-charge double-width pulse generator," and the coaxial Blumlein pulse generator is a "dual-wire dual-charge single-width pulse generator." Therefore, the dual-wire dual-charge double-width coaxial pulse generator combines the advantages of both the double-width coaxial pulse generator and the coaxial Blumlein pulse generator.

[0072] Example 2: Circuit Simulation

[0073] Figure 5 A Tesla-type dual-wire dual-charge double-width coaxial pulse generator is presented, relative to... Figure 3 The diagram in the image, Figure 5 The grounding inductor 13 for isolation pre-pulse and the Tesla transformer 14 built into the external line 4 were added.

[0074] The parameters of the two lines in the figure are as follows:

[0075] Diameter of the inner surface of the outer conductor: d out =544 mm;

[0076] Diameter of the outer surface of the middle conductor: dmid2 =200 mm;

[0077] Diameter of the inner surface of the middle conductor: d mid1 =195 mm;

[0078] Diameter of the outer surface of the inner conductor: d in =72 mm;

[0079] Length of inner and outer coaxial lines: l1 = 3300 mm;

[0080] Transmission line length: l2 = 600mm;

[0081] Both coaxial cables are gas-insulated.

[0082] According to the following formula, the characteristic impedance, Z, of both the inner and outer coaxial lines is 60 Ω:

[0083]

[0084] Where ε r d is the dielectric constant of the gas, with a value of 1; out d mid2 d mid1 d in The definition is as before.

[0085] According to the following formula, the electric length, τ, of both the inner and outer coaxial lines is 11 ns:

[0086]

[0087] Where c is the speed of light, and its value is 3 × 10⁻⁶. 8 m / s.

[0088] In the simulation, both lines were charged to 1V, and the load impedance R was set to a matched value of 60Ω. The simulation results are shown below. Figure 6 .from Figure 6 It can be seen that the voltage pulse amplitude on the load is about 0.5V, which is half of the charging voltage and equal to the theoretical value. The theoretical value is calculated as follows:

[0089]

[0090] Where V out V0 is the output voltage amplitude; R is the charging voltage amplitude; Z is the load impedance; and Z is the impedance of the two pulse forming lines, Z=R.

[0091] The voltage pulse width is 49.86 ns, which is approximately four times the length of a single wire (11 ns). This shows that the simulation matches the theory.

[0092] Example 3: 20GW Tesla-type dual-line dual-charge double-width pulse source design

[0093] The dual-wire dual-charge double-width coaxial pulse generator is also known as the dual-wire dual-charge double-width pulse source.

[0094] The main specifications of the 20GW pulse source are: output power: 20GW; pulse width: 40ns; impedance: 40Ω. The impedance of both the internal and external lines is set to 40Ω. Transformer oil insulation is used, with a dielectric constant ε... r It is 2.2.

[0095] The main parameters are designed as follows:

[0096] Parameter 1, PFL diameter

[0097] The pulse forming line (PFL) includes an outer coaxial line 4 and an inner coaxial line 5. The PFL diameter design includes the inner diameter of the outer conductor 1, the inner and outer diameters of the middle conductor 2, and the outer diameter of the inner conductor 3.

[0098] Combining a 20GW output power P and a 40Ω load impedance Z d ,as well as Figure 7 (a) Equivalent circuit diagram, output voltage U d The following can be calculated:

[0099]

[0100] A single-gap gas switch is used, and its equivalent resistance R S It is 8Ω. According to... Figure 7 (b) The charging voltage U0 of the forming line PFL can be calculated as follows:

[0101]

[0102] Among them, Z PFL =Z1=Z2=40Ω. The ratio d of the inner diameter of the outer conductor to the outer diameter of the middle conductor. out / d mid2 The ratio d of the inner diameter of the middle conductor to the outer diameter of the inner conductor mid1 / d in The following can be calculated:

[0103]

[0104] Z PFL The characteristic impedance of the PFL is taken as 40Ω; ε r Let be the dielectric constant, taken as 2.2. The calculated result is d. out / d mid2 ==2.727、 d mid2 / d in =2.727.

[0105] Considering the stable operating electric field E of the transformer oil max The value is 100 kV / cm, and the outer diameter d of the middle conductor is... mid2 The following can be calculated:

[0106]

[0107] Therefore, the inner diameter d of the outer conductor out =2.727×d mid1 =1070mm. The wall thickness of the intermediate conductor is set to 25mm, therefore, the inner diameter d of the intermediate conductor is... mid1 It is 344mm (=394-25×2); therefore, the outer diameter d of the inner conductor in This can be calculated as 126 mm (=344 / 2.727). Correspondingly, the maximum electric field E on the outer surface of the inner conductor... max 'for:

[0108]

[0109] Where U0 is the charging voltage of the forming line PFL, and according to the previous calculation results, U0 = 1.968MV.

[0110] This electric field far exceeds the breakdown threshold of transformer oil (~300kV / cm). Therefore, using solid insulation polypropylene film (PP) instead of liquid insulation transformer oil, the dielectric constant of PP film is also 2.2, equal to that of transformer oil. Thus, the above calculation results remain valid.

[0111] For a multilayer PP film with a thickness of 4.5 mm, its stable operating field E op It can reach 800kV / cm. When the thickness of the multilayer PP film increases to 109mm (=(344-126) / 2), its breakdown threshold decreases. Therefore, according to the following formula, the E of the PP film with increased thickness... op Will be reduced to E op ':

[0112]

[0113] Where d0 represents the breakdown electric field of a 4.5mm PP film; d represents the breakdown electric field of a PP film with a thickness increased to 109mm. This threshold is much higher than the maximum electric field of transformer oil (311 kV / cm), therefore, the insulation margin of the PP film is sufficient.

[0114] Parameter 2, PFL length

[0115] The length of the pulse forming line PFL is equal to the length along the central axis of the middle conductor 2.

[0116] The total length of the PFL can be calculated as follows:

[0117]

[0118] Where Δt represents the pulse width, which is 40 ns; c is the speed of light, which is 0.3 m / ns; and ε r =2.2. The technology of this invention can halve the length of the PFL. Therefore, the final length of the PFL is l. PFL It is only 2 meters long. Table 1 lists the overall dimensions of this dual-line dual-charge double-width 20GW power source.

[0119] In contrast, Peng Jianchang's "Development of a 20GW / 100Hz Pulse Power Source", High Power Laser and Ion Beams, 23(11), pp.2919-2924, 2011, reported a single-wire, single-charge 20GW pulse source, which also adopted the Tesla transformer technology route, with an output pulse width of 40ns. Given that the output parameters of the two are similar, the overall parameters of the two pulse sources are compared here, as shown in Table 1. As can be seen from Table 1, the diameter of the dual-wire, dual-charge 20GW source is comparable to that of the single-wire, single-charge 20GW source, but its length is less than half that of the latter. The reason is that the former utilizes the space inside the inner conductor 5 of the latter for energy storage, doubling the energy storage without increasing the size, which is beneficial for the miniaturization of pulse rate devices.

[0120] Table 1 Comparison of two 20GW Tesla-type pulse sources

[0121]

[0122] Example 4

[0123] A dual-wire, dual-charge, double-width coaxial pulse generator, such as Figure 3 As shown, it includes an outer conductor 1, a middle conductor 2, an inner conductor 3, a switch 10, an output line inner conductor 11, and a load 12.

[0124] The middle conductor 2, inner conductor 3, switch 10, output line inner conductor 11, and load 12 are located inside the outer conductor 1.

[0125] The outer conductor 1, middle conductor 2, and inner conductor 3 are all metallic conductors. The outer conductor 1 is a hollow cylinder; the middle conductor 2 is a cylinder with an opening at the left end; and the inner conductor 3 is a cylinder with its left end fixed to the outer conductor 1 and inserted into the middle conductor 2.

[0126] The central axes of the outer conductor 1, middle conductor 2, and inner conductor 3 are collinear.

[0127] The outer conductor 1 and the middle conductor 2 form an outer coaxial line 4, and the middle conductor 2 and the inner conductor 3 form an inner coaxial line 5. The outer coaxial line 4 and the inner coaxial line 5 have equal impedances.

[0128] The middle conductor 2, switch 10, inner conductor 11 of the output line, load 12, and outer conductor 1 are connected in series. The inner conductor 3 is connected to the outer conductor 1.

[0129] Switch 10, inner conductor 11 of the output line, and load 12 are located on the central axis of outer conductor 1, to the right of middle conductor 2.

[0130] During charging, the outer coaxial cable 4 and the inner coaxial cable 5 are charged simultaneously; during discharging, the inner coaxial cable 5 and the outer coaxial cable 4 discharge to the load in sequence.

[0131] Preferably, it also includes a rearward insulating support 6, a forward insulating support 7, a load insulating support 8, and an inner insulating support 9.

[0132] The rearward insulating support 6, the forward insulating support 7, the load insulating support 8, and the inner insulating support 9 are all made of insulating material and are located inside the outer conductor 1.

[0133] The backward insulation support 6, forward insulation support 7, and load insulation support 8 are annular, with their outer circumference matching the inner circumference of the outer conductor 1, fixed inside the outer conductor 1, and perpendicular to the central axis of the outer conductor 1. The inner circumference of the backward insulation support 6 matches the outer circumference of the inner conductor 3, used to fix the inner conductor 3; the inner circumference of the forward insulation support 7 matches the outer circumference of the middle conductor 2, used to fix the middle conductor 2; and the inner circumference of the load insulation support 8 matches the outer circumference of the inner conductor 11 of the output line, used to fix the inner conductor 11 of the output line.

[0134] The inner insulating support 9 is located on the central axis of the middle conductor 2, with its left end fixed inside the right end of the middle conductor 2 and its right end fixed to the right end of the inner conductor 3, thereby fixing the middle conductor 2 and the inner conductor 3.

[0135] Preferred, such as Figure 5 As shown, it also includes a grounding inductor 13 and a Tesla transformer 14.

[0136] The Tesla transformer 14 is connected at both ends to the outer conductor 1 and the middle conductor 2, respectively.

[0137] The two ends of the grounding inductor 13 are connected to the outer conductor 1 and the inner conductor 11 of the output line, respectively, to isolate the pre-pulse.

Claims

1. A dual-wire, dual-charge, double-width coaxial pulse generator, characterized in that, Includes outer conductor (1), middle conductor (2), inner conductor (3), switch (10), output line inner conductor (11), and load (12); The middle conductor (2), inner conductor (3), switch (10), output line inner conductor (11), and load (12) are located inside the outer conductor (1); The outer conductor (1), middle conductor (2), and inner conductor (3) are metal conductors. The outer conductor (1) is a hollow cylinder; the middle conductor (2) is a cylinder with an opening at the left end; and the inner conductor (3) is a cylinder with its left end fixed inside the outer conductor (1) and inserted into the middle conductor (2). The central axes of the outer conductor (1), middle conductor (2), and inner conductor (3) are collinear; The outer conductor (1) and the middle conductor (2) form an outer coaxial line (4), and the middle conductor (2) and the inner conductor (3) form an inner coaxial line (5). The outer coaxial line (4) and the inner coaxial line (5) have equal impedances. The middle conductor (2), switch (10), inner conductor (11) of the output line, load (12), and outer conductor (1) are connected in series in sequence; the inner conductor (3) and the outer conductor (1) are electrically connected. The switch (10), the inner conductor (11) of the output line, and the load (12) are located on the central axis of the outer conductor (1) and on the right side of the middle conductor (2); During charging, the outer coaxial line (4) and the inner coaxial line (5) are charged simultaneously; during discharging, the outer coaxial line (4) and the inner coaxial line (5) discharge to the load in sequence.

2. The dual-wire dual-charge double-width coaxial pulse generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes rearward insulation support (6), forward insulation support (7), load insulation support (8), and inner insulation support (9). The rearward insulating support (6), the forward insulating support (7), the load insulating support (8), and the inner insulating support (9) are all made of insulating material and are located inside the outer conductor (1); The rearward insulation support (6), the forward insulation support (7), and the load insulation support (8) are annular, with their outer circumference matching the inner circumference of the outer conductor (1) and fixed inside the outer conductor (1), perpendicular to the central axis of the outer conductor (1); the inner circumference of the rearward insulation support (6) matches the outer circumference of the inner conductor (3) and is used to fix the inner conductor (3); the inner circumference of the forward insulation support (7) matches the outer circumference of the middle conductor (2) and is used to fix the middle conductor (2); the inner circumference of the load insulation support (8) matches the outer circumference of the inner conductor (11) of the output line and is used to fix the inner conductor (11) of the output line. The inner insulation support (9) is located on the central axis of the middle conductor (2), with its right end fixed inside the right end of the middle conductor (2) and its left end fixed inside the right end of the inner conductor (3), in order to achieve the fixation between the middle conductor (2) and the inner conductor (3).

3. The dual-wire dual-charge double-width coaxial pulse generator according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes grounding inductor (13) and Tesla transformer (15); The Tesla transformer (15) is connected at both ends to the outer conductor (1) and the middle conductor (2), respectively; The two ends of the grounding inductor (13) are connected to the outer conductor (1) and the inner conductor (11) of the output line, respectively, for isolating the pre-pulse.

4. A design method for a dual-wire, dual-charge, double-width coaxial pulse generator according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1, PFL diameter design; Based on the impedance, pulse width, and power requirements of the dual-wire, dual-charge, double-width coaxial pulse generator, calculate the output voltage U. d The calculation formula is as follows: ； Where P represents output power, Z represents output power. d Indicates the load impedance; The charging voltage U0 of the pulse forming line (PFL) is calculated as follows: ； In the above formula, U d For the output voltage, R s Z is the equivalent resistance of the switch. PFL The pulse forming line impedance is equal to the outer coaxial line impedance Z1 and the inner coaxial line impedance Z2; outer diameter d of the middle conductor mid2 The calculation formula is as follows: ； Among them, E max Z represents the maximum insulating electric field on the outer surface of the conductor. PFL For pulse forming line impedance; ε r The dielectric constant of the insulating medium filling the outer and inner coaxial lines; Inner diameter d of outer conductor out The calculation formula is as follows: ； By combining the wall thickness of the middle conductor, the inner diameter d of the middle conductor can be calculated. mid1 The calculation formula is: ； Where d represents the wall thickness of the intermediate conductor; Inner conductor outer diameter d in The calculation formula is as follows: ； Step 2, PFL length design; Pulse forming line PFL length l PFL The calculation formula is as follows: ； In the above formula, τ is the single-wire electrical length, i.e., 1 / 4 of the output pulse width; c is the speed of light; ε r The dielectric constant of the medium; Step 3, Circuit Simulation Based on the PFL diameter and PFL length obtained from the design, circuit simulation was used to verify the voltage pulse amplitude and voltage pulse width on the load of the designed dual-wire dual-charge double-width coaxial pulse generator. When the voltage pulse width and energy storage obtained from the circuit simulation results are doubled compared to the output pulse width and energy storage of single-wire charging, the design requirements are met.

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