A feed additive for chicken and its application

Abstract

The application provides a chicken feed additive and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of feed additives.The chicken feed additive comprises the following raw materials: organic manganese, hydroxyl vitamin D, calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, sodium chloride, methionine, lysine, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin K, vitamin E, phytase, choline, baking soda, copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, potassium iodide and sodium selenite.The raw materials of the chicken feed additive are easy to obtain, can be directly added to conventional laying hen feed for use, are convenient to apply and controllable in cost.The additive can effectively relieve oxidative stress in the liver, reduce the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the liver, thereby reducing liver inflammation, and can well inhibit fat deposition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of feed additive technology, and particularly relates to a chicken feed additive and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Egg-laying hen farming plays a vital role in my country's livestock industry. After peak egg production, hen productivity gradually declines, and excessive fat accumulation occurs in the liver. In the later stages of egg production, fat deposition in laying hens is primarily concentrated in the liver, leading to fatty liver hemorrhage syndrome (FLHS), resulting in stress and increased disease incidence. For laying hens, lipoproteins synthesized and secreted by the liver transport lipids through the bloodstream. Accelerated liver fat production, accompanied by excessive fat accumulation in the liver, can cause hepatic hemorrhage, thereby reducing egg production and increasing mortality.

[0003] Excessive fat accumulation caused by impaired liver fat utilization and increased fat synthesis in the later stages of egg production is a key contributing factor to fatty liver hemorrhage syndrome and a major bottleneck restricting the profitability of late-stage egg-laying hen farming. Currently, while some conventional feeding management optimization measures or feed regulation programs exist to address this issue, they generally suffer from limited effectiveness, lack of specificity, and susceptibility to side effects, failing to fundamentally solve the problem of abnormal liver fat accumulation and the high incidence of fatty liver hemorrhage syndrome in late-stage laying hens.

[0004] Therefore, developing a chicken feed additive that can regulate liver fat metabolism in laying hens, inhibit excessive liver fat deposition, and thus improve the later-stage laying performance and increase breeding efficiency is of great practical significance and has broad application prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a chicken feed additive.

[0006] The second objective of this invention is to provide the application of the chicken feed additive in laying hen farming.

[0007] A third objective of this invention is to provide the application of the aforementioned chicken feed additive in the preparation of products for the prevention and / or treatment of fatty liver in laying hens.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A chicken feed additive, by weight per 1 kg of basal feed, comprises the following ingredients: 50-150 mg organic manganese, 55-80 μg hydroxyvitamin D, 200-220 g dicalcium phosphate, 350-400 g limestone powder, 50-60 g sodium chloride, 30-40 g methionine, 12-18 g lysine, 9000-11000 IU vitamin A, 4000-6000 IU vitamin D, 1.5-2 mg vitamin K, 10-15 IU vitamin E, 8-12 g phytase, 20-30 g choline, 30-40 g sodium bicarbonate, 0.8-1.0 g copper sulfate, 6-7 g ferrous sulfate, 5-9 g zinc sulfate, 0.8-1.2 g potassium iodide, and 0.6-1 g sodium selenite.

[0009] Preferably, the feed contains the following ingredients per 1 kg of basal feed: 75-125 mg organic manganese, 60-75 μg hydroxyvitamin D, 210-215 g dicalcium phosphate, 360-380 g limestone powder, 52-56 g sodium chloride, 35-38 g methionine, 14-16 g lysine, 9500-10500 IU vitamin A, 4500-5500 IU vitamin D, 1.6-1.9 mg vitamin K, 11-13 IU vitamin E, 9-11 g phytase, 22-28 g choline, 35-38 g sodium bicarbonate, 0.85-0.95 g copper sulfate, 6.2-6.8 g ferrous sulfate, 6-8 g zinc sulfate, 0.9-1.1 g potassium iodide, and 0.7-0.9 g sodium selenite.

[0010] Preferably, the feed contains the following ingredients per 1 kg of basal feed: 100 mg organic manganese, 69 μg hydroxyvitamin D, 212.5 g dicalcium phosphate, 375 g limestone powder, 55 g sodium chloride, 37.5 g methionine, 15 g lysine, 10000 IU vitamin A, 5000 IU vitamin D, 1.8 mg vitamin K, 12 IU vitamin E, 10 g phytase, 25 g choline, 37.5 g sodium bicarbonate, 0.9 g copper sulfate, 6.5 g ferrous sulfate, 7.0 g zinc sulfate, 1.0 g potassium iodide, and 0.8 g sodium selenite.

[0011] The present invention also provides the application of the chicken feed additive in laying hen farming.

[0012] Preferably, the chicken feed additive is added to the basal feed during the later stage of egg production in laying hens.

[0013] Preferably, the late laying period is when the laying hen is ≥59 weeks old.

[0014] The present invention also provides the use of the chicken feed additive in the preparation of products for the prevention and / or treatment of fatty liver in laying hens.

[0015] Preferably, the chicken feed additive reduces the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein in chicken serum.

[0016] Preferably, the chicken feed additive alleviates oxidative stress in the liver.

[0017] Preferably, the chicken feed additive reduces the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the liver.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a chicken feed additive with readily available raw materials that can be directly added to conventional layer hen feed without requiring significant modifications to existing breeding equipment and processes. It is convenient to use and cost-effective. The additive of this invention can effectively alleviate oxidative stress in the liver, while reducing the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the liver, thereby reducing liver inflammation and effectively inhibiting fat deposition. Detailed Implementation

[0019] This invention provides a chicken feed additive, which, by weight per 1 kg of basic feed, comprises the following ingredients: 50-150 mg organic manganese, 55-80 μg hydroxyvitamin D, 200-220 g dicalcium phosphate, 350-400 g limestone powder, 50-60 g sodium chloride, 30-40 g methionine, 12-18 g lysine, 9000-11000 IU vitamin A, 4000-6000 IU vitamin D, 1.5-2 mg vitamin K, 10-15 IU vitamin E, 8-12 g phytase, 20-30 g choline, 30-40 g sodium bicarbonate, 0.8-1.0 g copper sulfate, 6-7 g ferrous sulfate, 5-9 g zinc sulfate, 0.8-1.2 g potassium iodide, and 0.6-1 g sodium selenite. Preferably, the feed contains the following ingredients per 1 kg of basal feed: 75-125 mg organic manganese, 60-75 μg hydroxyvitamin D, 210-215 g dicalcium phosphate, 360-380 g limestone powder, 52-56 g sodium chloride, 35-38 g methionine, 14-16 g lysine, 9500-10500 IU vitamin A, 4500-5500 IU vitamin D, 1.6-1.9 mg vitamin K, 11-13 IU vitamin E, 9-11 g phytase, 22-28 g choline, 35-38 g sodium bicarbonate, 0.85-0.95 g copper sulfate, 6.2-6.8 g ferrous sulfate, 6-8 g zinc sulfate, 0.9-1.1 g potassium iodide, and 0.7-0.9 g sodium selenite. More preferably, the feed contains the following ingredients per 1 kg of basal feed by weight: 100 mg organic manganese, 69 μg hydroxyvitamin D, 212.5 g dicalcium phosphate, 375 g limestone powder, 55 g sodium chloride, 37.5 g methionine, 15 g lysine, 10000 IU vitamin A, 5000 IU vitamin D, 1.8 mg vitamin K, 12 IU vitamin E, 10 g phytase, 25 g choline, 37.5 g sodium bicarbonate, 0.9 g copper sulfate, 6.5 g ferrous sulfate, 7.0 g zinc sulfate, 1.0 g potassium iodide, and 0.8 g sodium selenite.

[0020] In this invention, the organic manganese is provided by Hunan Debang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; the hydroxyvitamin D is preferably 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (HyD).

[0021] The present invention has found that adding the feed additive provided by the present invention to the diet can effectively alleviate oxidative stress in the liver, reduce the content of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the liver, thereby reducing liver inflammation and inhibiting fat deposition.

[0022] This invention also provides the application of the chicken feed additive in laying hen farming, preferably in the later stages of egg production, by adding the chicken feed additive to the basal feed; the later stages of egg production are preferably in laying hens aged ≥59 weeks. Laying hens are prone to fat metabolism imbalance in the later stages of egg production, specifically manifested as excessive fat accumulation in the liver tissue. This abnormal accumulation not only damages the normal physiological structure and function of the liver but may also lead to liver hemorrhage, ultimately causing a significant decrease in egg production and a significant increase in mortality, resulting in severe economic losses to the laying hen farming industry. The additive provided by this invention, when applied to laying hen farming, can effectively solve the problem of abnormal fat accumulation in the liver of laying hens in the later stages of egg production, reduce secondary diseases caused by fatty liver, improve the health status of laying hens, reduce mortality, and can increase the egg production rate of laying hens in the later stages of egg production, extending the laying cycle.

[0023] The present invention also provides the application of the chicken feed additive in the preparation of products for the prevention and / or treatment of fatty liver in laying hens; the chicken feed additive preferably reduces the content of total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein in chicken serum; the chicken feed additive preferably alleviates oxidative stress in the liver; the chicken feed additive preferably reduces the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the liver.

[0024] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1 A chicken feed additive, with the following ingredients per 1 kg of basal feed: 75mg organic manganese, 69μg HyD, 212.5g dicalcium phosphate, 375g limestone powder, 55g sodium chloride, 37.5g methionine, 15g lysine, 10000 IU vitamin A, 5000 IU vitamin D, 1.8 mg vitamin K, 12 IU vitamin E, 10g phytase, 25g choline, 37.5g sodium bicarbonate, 0.9g copper sulfate, 6.5g ferrous sulfate, 7.0g zinc sulfate, 1.0g potassium iodide, 0.8g sodium selenite.

[0026] Example 2 The difference from Example 1 is that the organic manganese content is 100mg per 1kg of basic feed.

[0027] Example 3 The difference from Example 1 is that the organic manganese content is 125 mg per 1 kg of basic feed.

[0028] Comparative Example 1 The difference from Example 1 is that HyD was not added.

[0029] Comparative Example 2 The difference from Example 2 is that HyD was not added.

[0030] Comparative Example 3 The difference from Example 3 is that HyD was not added.

[0031] Comparative Example 4 The difference from Example 1 is that no organic manganese was added.

[0032] Comparative Example 5 The difference from Example 1 is that no organic manganese was added, and no HyD was added.

[0033] Example 4 The effects of different chicken feed additives on laying hens.

[0034] The experiment selected 1,536 64-week-old, healthy laying hens of the Nongda No. 5 variety with similar weight and egg production rate in the late laying stage. They were randomly divided into 8 treatment groups, with 6 replicates for each treatment and 32 hens for each replicate.

[0035] Eight treatment groups were fed basal diets supplemented with the chicken feed additives provided in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5, respectively. The treatment group fed basal diets supplemented with feed additive from Comparative Example 5 served as a blank control group. Sampling and testing were conducted at week 8 of the experiment.

[0036] The basic feed, by weight, consists of: 65 parts corn, 22 parts soybean meal, 0.5 parts soybean oil, and 8.5 parts coarse stone powder.

[0037] 1. Effects of different additives on lipid metabolism in laying hens in the later stages: As shown in Table 3, the presence or absence of HyD in the diet and different levels of organic manganese had an interactive effect on the levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the serum of laying hens in the later stages. Specifically, in the treatment without HyD supplementation, the effect on LDL was lowest at an organic manganese level of 125 mg / kg. However, when HyD was added, the effect on HDL was highest at an organic manganese level of 100 mg / kg, while the effect on LDL was lowest at an organic manganese level of 125 mg / kg.

[0038] Main effects analysis showed that, compared with no HyD supplementation, the levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood were significantly reduced after adding HyD (P<0.05). Organic manganese significantly affected total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Further regression analysis showed that in the treatment without HyD supplementation, the level of LDL in the serum of laying hens in the later stages of the diet showed a linear trend with increasing dosage. In the group with added HyD, the levels of HDL and LDL in the serum of laying hens in the later stages of the diet showed a quadratic trend.

[0039] Table 3. Effects of different additives on lipid metabolism in laying hens in the later stages.

[0040] 2. Effects of different additives on the antioxidant capacity of late-laying hen livers: As shown in Table 4, the addition of HyD to the diet and different levels of organic manganese had an interactive effect on the MDA content in the liver of laying hens in the later stages. In the case of no HyD addition, 125 mg / kg organic manganese significantly reduced the liver MDA content; in the treatment with added HyD, 75 mg / kg organic manganese was sufficient to reduce the liver MDA content (P<0.05).

[0041] Main effect analysis showed that, compared with the treatment without HyD supplementation, the MDA content in the liver was significantly reduced after adding HyD (P<0.05). Further regression analysis showed that, in the treatment without HyD supplementation, the MDA content in the liver of laying hens in the later stages showed a quadratic trend with increasing manganese dosage; in the treatment with HyD supplementation, the MDA content in the liver of laying hens in the later stages also showed a quadratic trend with increasing manganese dosage.

[0042] Table 4. Effects of different additives on the antioxidant capacity of liver in late-stage laying hens

[0043] 3. Effects of different additives on liver-related genes in late-stage laying hens: As shown in Table 5, the presence or absence of HyD in the diet and different levels of organic manganese had interactive effects on the oxidative stress genes CuZnSOD, Mn-SOD, NOX2, and Nrf2 in the liver of late-laying hens. No significant difference in NOX2 expression was observed among the groups without HyD supplementation, while 125 mg / kg organic manganese significantly reduced Nrf2 expression compared to the control group, and 75–100 mg / kg organic manganese significantly increased Mn-SOD and CuZnSOD expression compared to the control group. With HyD supplementation, 75 mg / kg organic manganese significantly increased Mn-SOD and CuZnSOD expression in the liver compared to the control group (P<0.05), and significantly reduced NOX2 expression in the liver compared to the control group (P<0.05). Main effect analysis showed that dietary HyD supplementation significantly reduced Mn-SOD and CuZnSOD expression, and organic manganese significantly affected Mn-SOD and NOX2 expression.

[0044] The presence or absence of HyD in the diet and different levels of organic manganese had interactive effects on the inflammatory genes NF-κB, TNF-α, and IL-10 in the liver of late-laying hens. There were no significant differences in IL-10 and TLR-4 expression levels among the groups without HyD supplementation, while 100 and 125 mg / kg organic manganese significantly reduced NF-κB and TNF-α expression levels compared to the control group. When HyD was added to the diet, 75 mg / kg organic manganese significantly reduced liver NF-κB expression levels compared to the control group (P<0.05), and 100 mg / kg organic manganese significantly reduced liver TNF-α levels compared to the control group (P<0.05). Furthermore, 75 mg / kg organic manganese significantly increased liver IL-10 expression levels compared to the control group (P<0.05). Main effect analysis showed that dietary HyD supplementation significantly reduced NF-κB expression levels, and organic manganese significantly affected the expression levels of NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-10, and TLR-4.

[0045] The presence or absence of HyD in the diet and different levels of organic manganese had an interaction effect on the Apo-VLDLⅡ gene in the liver of late-laying hens. Without HyD, there was no significant difference in the expression level of Apo-VLDLⅡ in the liver among the different manganese levels. However, with HyD, the expression level of Apo-VLDLⅡ in the liver was significantly increased by 125 mg / kg organic manganese compared to 100 mg / kg. Main effect analysis showed that organic manganese significantly affected the expression levels of Apo-VLDLⅡ and FAS (P = 0.06).

[0046] The presence or absence of HyD in the diet and different levels of organic manganese had an interaction effect on the expression of the HyD hydroxylase gene CYP2R1 in the liver of late-stage laying hens. Specifically, without HyD supplementation, 125 mg / kg organic manganese significantly reduced the expression level of CYP2R1 in the liver compared to the control group (P<0.05), while with HyD supplementation, 75 mg / kg organic manganese significantly increased the expression level of CYP2R1 in the liver compared to the control group (P<0.05). Main effect analysis showed that organic manganese significantly affected the expression level of CYP2R1 (P = 0.004). Further regression analysis showed that in the HyD-supplemented diet group, the expression levels of NOX2, IL-10, CYP2R1, and Apo-VLDLⅡ in the liver of late-stage laying hens showed a quadratic trend with increasing dosage, while the expression levels of CuZnSOD, Mn-SOD, NF-κB, and TNF-α showed a linear trend with increasing dosage.

[0047] Table 5. Effects of different additives on liver-related genes in late-stage laying hens.

[0048] Based on the above results, it can be seen that the chicken feed additive provided by the present invention can effectively alleviate oxidative stress in the liver, reduce the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the liver, thereby reducing liver inflammation and effectively inhibiting fat deposition.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A chicken feed additive, characterized in that, The following ingredients are added per 1 kg of basic feed: 50-150 mg organic manganese, 55-80 μg hydroxyvitamin D, 200-220 g dicalcium phosphate, 350-400 g limestone powder, 50-60 g sodium chloride, 30-40 g methionine, 12-18 g lysine, 9000-11000 IU vitamin A, 4000-6000 IU vitamin D, 1.5-2 mg vitamin K, 10-15 IU vitamin E, 8-12 g phytase, 20-30 g choline, 30-40 g sodium bicarbonate, 0.8-1.0 g copper sulfate, 6-7 g ferrous sulfate, 5-9 g zinc sulfate, 0.8-1.2 g potassium iodide, and 0.6-1 g sodium selenite.

2. The chicken feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The following ingredients are added per 1 kg of basic feed: 75-125 mg organic manganese, 60-75 μg hydroxyvitamin D, 210-215 g dicalcium phosphate, 360-380 g limestone powder, 52-56 g sodium chloride, 35-38 g methionine, 14-16 g lysine, 9500-10500 IU vitamin A, 4500-5500 IU vitamin D, 1.6-1.9 mg vitamin K, 11-13 IU vitamin E, 9-11 g phytase, 22-28 g choline, 35-38 g sodium bicarbonate, 0.85-0.95 g copper sulfate, 6.2-6.8 g ferrous sulfate, 6-8 g zinc sulfate, 0.9-1.1 g potassium iodide, and 0.7-0.9 g sodium selenite.

3. The chicken feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The following ingredients are added per 1 kg of basic feed: 100 mg organic manganese, 69 μg hydroxyvitamin D, 212.5 g dicalcium phosphate, 375 g limestone powder, 55 g sodium chloride, 37.5 g methionine, 15 g lysine, 10000 IU vitamin A, 5000 IU vitamin D, 1.8 mg vitamin K, 12 IU vitamin E, 10 g phytase, 25 g choline, 37.5 g sodium bicarbonate, 0.9 g copper sulfate, 6.5 g ferrous sulfate, 7.0 g zinc sulfate, 1.0 g potassium iodide, and 0.8 g sodium selenite.

4. The chicken feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is used in laying hen farming.

5. The application according to claim 4, characterized in that, During the later stages of egg production in laying hens, the chicken feed additive is added to the basal feed for feeding.

6. The application according to claim 5, characterized in that, The late laying period refers to laying hens that are ≥59 weeks old.

7. The use of the chicken feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in the preparation of products for the prevention and / or treatment of fatty liver in laying hens.

8. The application according to claim 7, characterized in that, The chicken feed additive reduces the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein in chicken serum.

9. The application according to claim 7, characterized in that, The chicken feed additive alleviates oxidative stress in the liver.

10. The application according to claim 7, characterized in that, The chicken feed additive reduces the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the liver.

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