Self-powered micro-current hydrogel facial mask and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a self-powered micro-current hydrogel mask and a preparation method thereof. The mask comprises a positive electrode hydrogel layer, a diaphragm hydrogel layer and a negative electrode hydrogel layer which are stacked in sequence. The positive electrode hydrogel layer contains CNT and PB. The negative electrode hydrogel layer contains CNT, AA2G and GA modified MgZn powder. The positive electrode hydrogel layer, the diaphragm hydrogel layer and the negative electrode hydrogel layer are independently composed of the same kind of hydrogel base. The mask does not need an external power supply. The positive and negative electrode materials form a primary cell on the skin surface, which can continuously output microampere direct current and produce hydrogen. Experiments show that the short-circuit current of the mask reaches 20 mu A after optimization, and the mask can continuously discharge on the isolated pig skin for more than 48 hours, significantly promotes the transdermal absorption of AA2G, and cooperatively removes active oxygen, adjusts the polarization of macrophages to an anti-inflammatory phenotype, and improves the skin photoaging of mice. The preparation process of the application is simple, convenient to use, and provides an effective self-powered home care solution for skin photoaging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of biomaterials technology, and more specifically, to a self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Skin aging includes endogenous and exogenous aging, with photoaging accounting for more than 80% of facial skin aging manifestations. Ultraviolet A (UVA, 320~400 nm) and ultraviolet B (UVB, 280~320 nm) can penetrate the epidermis and reach the dermis, inducing the large-scale generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). On the one hand, ROS activates the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) / nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway, upregulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). This leads to the breakage of type I (COL-1) and type III (COL-3) collagen fibers and abnormal deposition of elastic fibers, resulting in deeper wrinkles, sagging skin, enlarged pores, and pigmentation. On the other hand, ROS inhibits the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) / Smad signaling pathway, hindering fibroblasts from synthesizing new collagen and triggering the release of inflammatory factors (IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α), forming a vicious cycle of oxidation, inflammation, and degradation. Therefore, clearing ROS, inhibiting MMP activity, and restoring collagen synthesis are the core strategies for reversing photoaging.

[0003] Vitamin C (VC) is a classic antioxidant that can directly scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), regenerate oxidized vitamin E, and participate in collagen synthesis as an essential cofactor for prolyl hydroxylase and lysyl hydroxylase. However, VC is readily oxidized in aqueous solution, successively converting to dehydroascorbic acid and further irreversibly hydrolyzing to 2,3-diketogulonic acid, resulting in a short half-life and low bioavailability in water-based formulations. Furthermore, the ionization properties and small molecular weight of VC make it difficult to effectively penetrate the skin's stratum corneum barrier, and its acidity at high concentrations can easily cause skin irritation and barrier damage.

[0004] To overcome the instability and transdermal delivery barriers of vitamin C, hydrogels are widely used due to their three-dimensional cross-linked hydrophilic network structure. Hydrogels can encapsulate vitamin C and achieve sustained release, avoiding the burst release and degradation of active ingredients; their high water content gives them a soft feel similar to the extracellular matrix and excellent biocompatibility, allowing them to adhere well to the skin. However, traditional hydrogels still suffer from insufficient interfacial adhesion on the complex, dynamic, moist, and sebum-rich surface of the skin.

[0005] Polyphenolic compounds rich in catechol or galloyl groups can form hydrogen bonds, coordination bonds, and hydrophobic interactions with amino acid residues on the skin surface, constructing a wet adhesion mechanism similar to that of mussel byssal proteins, significantly improving the interfacial toughness and shear resistance of hydrogels in humid environments. Simultaneously, the phenolic hydroxyl groups of polyphenolic compounds endow them with excellent free radical scavenging capabilities, blocking the MAPK / NF-κB signaling pathway and directly inhibiting MMP activity. Therefore, introducing polyphenols into hydrogels holds promise for constructing a multifunctional synergistic system of "adhesion-antioxidation-anti-collagen degradation."

[0006] Recent studies have shown that microampere (μA) direct current can directionally migrate fibroblasts through electrochemoattraction and transiently open skin aquaporin-3 (AQP3), thereby increasing the transdermal penetration efficiency of vitamin C by 5 to 10 times. Specifically, the electric field enhances the interaction between cells and the matrix by activating voltage-gated calcium channels and the PI3K / Akt pathway; simultaneously, the electric field reversibly perturbs the lipid structure of the stratum corneum, driving electroosmosis and electroosmotic flow, and promoting the breakthrough of hydrated vitamin C molecules through physical barriers. In addition, microcurrents can restore mitochondrial membrane potential, upregulate the expression of PGC-1α, NRF-1, and TFAM, and increase ATP content. However, commercially available microcurrent devices usually require an external power supply, and their effectiveness is highly dependent on the operator's technique.

[0007] Therefore, developing a microcurrent hydrogel mask that requires no external power source, can be precisely applied to the face shape, and has microcurrent penetration-enhancing, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory functions is of great significance for home care of photo-aged skin. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask and its preparation method, aiming to solve the problems of existing microcurrent devices requiring external power supply and operation depending on manual techniques, as well as the poor adhesion of traditional hydrogels to moist skin surfaces, the instability of the active ingredient vitamin C (VC), and its low transdermal absorption rate. The mask comprises a positive electrode hydrogel layer, a separator hydrogel layer, and a negative electrode hydrogel layer stacked sequentially. The positive electrode hydrogel layer and the negative electrode hydrogel layer each independently contain a hydrogel substrate, which is selected from at least one of lipoic acid-silk fibroin (LA-SF) composite hydrogel or gelatin-oxidized amylopectin-silk fibroin (Gelatin-APS-SF) composite hydrogel. The positive electrode hydrogel layer also contains conductive nanomaterials and Prussian blue (PB) as the positive electrode active material. The negative electrode hydrogel layer also contains conductive nanomaterials, the antioxidant active ingredient vitamin C glucoside (AA2G), and polyphenol-modified biodegradable metal powder. The separator hydrogel layer is a hydrogel layer with ion-conducting and electronically insulating properties, and preferably uses the same type of hydrogel substrate as the positive and negative electrode layers. This facial mask requires no external power source. It spontaneously forms a galvanic cell in physiological saline using positive and negative electrode materials, continuously generating microampere-level (μA) microcurrents to drive electroosmosis and electroosmotic flow, significantly promoting the transdermal absorption of AA2G and H2. Simultaneously, polyphenols (such as gallic acid (GA)) impart wet-state adhesion to the hydrogel and synergistically enhance its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity-inhibiting effects, effectively reversing photoaging of the skin. Its preparation method involves separately formulating positive and negative electrode hydrogels, then assembling them with a membrane layer. This facial mask offers beneficial effects such as low cost, ease of use, suitability for home use, continuous and stable microcurrent generation, and improved transdermal absorption of active ingredients.

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask, characterized in that the mask comprises a positive electrode hydrogel layer, a diaphragm hydrogel layer and a negative electrode hydrogel layer stacked sequentially. The positive electrode hydrogel layer, the separator hydrogel layer, and the negative electrode hydrogel layer are each independently composed of the same type of hydrogel substrate; The positive electrode hydrogel layer also contains conductive nanomaterials and positive electrode active materials; The negative electrode hydrogel layer also contains conductive nanomaterials, antioxidant active ingredients, and polyphenol-modified biodegradable metal powder.

[0010] like Figure 1As shown, this mask requires no external power source. Its self-powered microcurrent originates from the galvanic cell effect formed by the positive and negative electrode hydrogel layers on the moist skin surface: the biodegradable metal powder in the negative electrode hydrogel layer undergoes electrochemical corrosion in a saline environment, losing electrons to generate microampere-level direct current, while simultaneously generating hydrogen gas with anti-inflammatory effects; the Prussian blue in the positive electrode hydrogel layer acts as the positive electrode material, accepting electrons and forming a complete circuit with the negative electrode. The three-dimensional conductive network composed of carbon nanotubes ensures that the microcurrent is evenly distributed on the skin surface. The generated microcurrent reversibly disturbs the lipid structure of the stratum corneum through electroosmosis and electroosmotic flow effects, and instantaneously opens AQP3, driving the efficient transdermal absorption of active ingredients such as vitamin C glucoside; at the same time, polyphenols form hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions with amino acid residues on the skin surface through catechol groups, giving the hydrogel strong adhesion to moist skin, and can directly scavenge reactive oxygen species and inhibit matrix metalloproteinase activity, synergistically exerting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and collagen synthesis-promoting effects, thereby achieving the effect of reversing skin photoaging.

[0011] Preferably, the conductive nanomaterial is selected from one or more of carbon nanotubes, graphene, or metal nanowires, and is composed of a mixture of two or more in any proportion.

[0012] Preferably, the positive electrode active material is Prussian blue.

[0013] Preferably, the antioxidant active ingredient is vitamin C glucoside.

[0014] Preferably, the polyphenol-modified biodegradable metal powder is gallic acid-modified magnesium-zinc alloy powder.

[0015] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for preparing a self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask, comprising the following steps: S1: The positive electrode hydrogel layer is prepared by mixing the hydrogel substrate precursor, conductive nanomaterials and Prussian blue with physiological saline. S2: A negative electrode hydrogel layer is prepared by mixing hydrogel substrate precursor, conductive nanomaterials, antioxidant active ingredients, gallic acid, sodium hydroxide and magnesium-zinc alloy powder with physiological saline. S3: The positive electrode hydrogel layer, the diaphragm hydrogel layer and the negative electrode hydrogel layer are sequentially stacked and assembled to obtain the self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask.

[0016] Preferably, the hydrogel substrate precursor is selected from one of the following combinations: (a) Alpha-lipoic acid and silk fibroin; (b) Gelatin, oxidized amylopectin and silk fibroin.

[0017] The lipoic acid has a mass percentage concentration of 0.2% to 3.0%; the gelatin has a mass percentage concentration of 15% to 20%; the oxidized amylopectin has a mass percentage concentration of 5% to 10%; and the silk fibroin has a mass percentage concentration of 3% to 15%.

[0018] In S1, the disulfide bonds in lipoic acid molecules undergo ring-opening polymerization in the ionic environment of physiological saline. Simultaneously, silk fibroin crosslinks with lipoic acid through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions, forming a hydrogel framework with a three-dimensional network structure. Carbon nanotubes are uniformly dispersed within this network, constructing continuous electron conduction pathways. Prussian blue powder, as the positive electrode active material, is embedded in the hydrogel matrix, providing positive electrode active sites for subsequent galvanic cell reactions. In S2, sodium hydroxide adjusts the pH of the system to alkaline (approximately pH 8-9), promoting the deprotonation of the catechol groups in gallic acid molecules, thereby undergoing a coordination complexation reaction with the surface of magnesium-zinc alloy powder to form a stable gallic acid-modified layer (MgZn-PGA). This modified layer not only inhibits the rapid corrosion of the magnesium-zinc alloy, enabling it to continuously and stably release electrons and hydrogen, but also endows the negative electrode hydrogel with wet adhesion capabilities. Lipoic acid and silk fibroin also form a hydrogel network in the negative electrode, encapsulating vitamin C glucoside (AA2G) and MgZn-PGA powder. In S3, the positive electrode hydrogel layer, the separator hydrogel layer, and the negative electrode hydrogel layer are assembled sequentially. The separator layer prevents the positive and negative electrodes from being directly short-circuited, while allowing ions to pass through, thus forming a complete flexible galvanic cell structure.

[0019] When the mask comes into contact with the skin and absorbs a small amount of tissue fluid or sweat, the potential difference between the positive and negative electrodes drives electrons to migrate directionally through the carbon nanotube conductive network and the external load, generating a continuous microcurrent and achieving self-powered microcurrent output. This method, through in-situ gelation, surface modification, and three-layer assembly, simply and controllably prepares a multifunctional mask with self-powered, conductive, adhesive, and sustained-release active ingredient functions.

[0020] Preferably, in the positive electrode hydrogel layer, the mass percentage concentration of Prussian blue is 0.1% to 1.0%, and the mass percentage concentration of conductive nanomaterials is 0.1% to 1.5%.

[0021] Preferably, in the negative electrode hydrogel layer, the mass percentage concentration of gallic acid is 0.1%~1.0%, the mass percentage concentration of magnesium-zinc alloy powder is 0.1%~1.0%, the mass percentage concentration of conductive nanomaterials is 0.1%~1.5%, and the mass percentage concentration of vitamin C glucoside is 0.1%~2.0%.

[0022] Preferably, in step S2, the concentration of sodium hydroxide is 0.1 M to 0.8 M.

[0023] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask provided by the present invention does not require an external power source. It forms a galvanic cell structure on the skin surface through positive and negative electrode hydrogel layers, which can continuously generate microampere-level direct current. It can be precisely applied according to the face shape and adhered firmly, overcoming the defects of traditional microcurrent devices that rely on external power sources and operating methods, and is suitable for safe home use.

[0024] 2. This invention utilizes the microcurrent generated by the mask itself to drive electroosmosis and electroosmotic flow, reversibly disturbing the lipid structure of the stratum corneum and instantaneously opening AQP3, increasing the transdermal absorption rate of AA2G to 5%~28%, while promoting the transdermal diffusion of hydrogen gas generated by the degradation of magnesium-zinc alloy, thereby significantly improving the bioavailability of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ingredients.

[0025] 3. This invention utilizes gallic acid-modified magnesium-zinc alloy powder to provide wet adhesion, ensuring the stability of the mask's fit on moist skin. Simultaneously, the catechol groups of gallic acid directly scavenge ROS and inhibit the activity of matrix MMPs, microcurrents restore mitochondrial membrane potential and upregulate collagen synthesis-related factors, hydrogen exerts anti-inflammatory effects, and AA2G supplements collagen synthesis cofactors, forming a multi-synergistic mechanism of adhesion, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and collagen synthesis promotion, effectively reversing skin wrinkles, sagging, and pigmentation caused by photoaging. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 A mechanism diagram of the self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask provided in the embodiments of this application is shown; Figure 2 This paper presents a comparison of the short-circuit currents of self-powered microcurrent hydrogel masks with different PB concentrations provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 3 This paper presents a comparison of the short-circuit currents of self-powered microcurrent hydrogel masks with different MgZn concentrations provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 4 This paper presents a comparison diagram of the short-circuit current of a single-layer hydrogel, a membrane layer, and a fully assembled mask provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 5 The diagram shows the short-circuit current output of the self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask provided in this application embodiment on detached pig skin; Figure 6The discharge stability curve of the self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask provided in the embodiments of this application on detached pig skin for 48 hours is shown. Figure 7 This paper presents a comparison of confocal fluorescence images showing the effect of promoting AA2G penetration in isolated pig skin between the self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask (MVP battery) provided in the embodiments of this application and the MgVC hydrogel control group. Figure 8 This document shows confocal fluorescence images illustrating the effects of different treatment groups provided in the embodiments of this application on UVB-induced intracellular ROS clearance in HaCaT cells. Figure 9 Immunofluorescence images showing the effects of different treatment groups provided in the embodiments of this application on LPS-induced M1 (pro-inflammatory) and M2 (anti-inflammatory) polarization of RAW 264.7 macrophages are shown. Figure 10 The illustration shows a comparison of the improvement of back skin wrinkles in a mouse skin aging model induced by D-galactose combined with UVB in different treatment groups provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, any product that is the same as or similar to the present invention, derived by any person under the guidance of the present invention or by combining the features of the present invention with other prior art, falls within the protection scope of the present invention. Furthermore, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] Specific experimental steps or conditions are not specified in the embodiments; they can be performed according to the conventional experimental steps or conditions described in the prior art. Reagents and other instruments used, unless otherwise specified, are all commercially available conventional reagent products. Furthermore, the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative diagrams of the embodiments of the present invention and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and therefore, repeated descriptions of them will be omitted. Some block diagrams shown in the drawings are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically independent entities.

[0030] Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of this specification.

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0032] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0033] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand this application, the following embodiments are provided to illustrate in detail a self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask and its preparation method.

[0034] Example Example 1: Preparation and performance testing of a self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask. Preparation of the positive electrode hydrogel layer (SLC-PB-PB): 50 mM tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris) was dissolved in physiological saline (0.9% NaCl solution), and 2 wt% LA was added. The solution was stirred and dissolved in a 70°C water bath to obtain solution A. 15 wt% SF was dissolved in physiological saline, and 0.5 wt% carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and 3 wt% PB were added. The mixture was ultrasonically dispersed for 30 min to obtain solution B. Solution A and solution B were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1, stirred rapidly for 10 s, poured into a mold, and allowed to gel at 37°C for 1 h to obtain the positive electrode hydrogel layer (SLC-PB).

[0035] Preparation of the negative electrode hydrogel layer (GLC-PGA-MgZn): 50 mM Tris was dissolved in physiological saline, and 2 wt% LA was added. The mixture was stirred and dissolved in a 70°C water bath to obtain solution A. 15 wt% SF was dissolved in physiological saline, and 1 wt% GA, 0.05 M NaOH solution (adjusted to pH to approximately 8.5), 3 wt% magnesium zinc alloy powder (MgZn, particle size ≤50 μm), 0.5 wt% CNT, and 2 wt% AA2G were added sequentially. After each addition, the mixture was stirred for 5 min until homogeneous to obtain solution C. Solution A and solution C were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1, stirred rapidly for 10 s, poured into a mold, and allowed to gel at 37°C for 1 h to obtain the negative electrode hydrogel layer (GLC-PGA-MgZn).

[0036] The SLC-PB and a diaphragm hydrogel layer (approximately 0.5 mm thick) prepared above were used as the diaphragm layer, and GLC-PGA-MgZn were sequentially layered and laminated. Air bubbles between the layers were removed by gentle pressing, resulting in a three-layer self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask. The adhesion strength of this self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask was measured to be 45 kPa, the short-circuit current to be 8 μA, the open-circuit voltage to be 0.85 V, and the transdermal absorption rate of AA2G reached 12%.

[0037] To investigate the effect of PB concentration on the output current of the membrane, positive electrode hydrogels with PB concentrations of 1 wt%, 3 wt%, and 5 wt% were prepared (with other components and preparation methods remaining unchanged). These were then assembled into membranes with a fixed-formulation negative electrode hydrogel (MgZn 3 wt%) and a separator. The short-circuit current of each membrane group was measured using an electrochemical workstation. Figure 2 The results show that when the PB concentration is 1 wt%, the short-circuit current is approximately 13 μA; when the PB concentration is 3 wt%, the short-circuit current is the highest, approximately 20 μA; and when the PB concentration is 5 wt%, the short-circuit current decreases to approximately 10 μA. This is because excessively high PB concentrations can lead to aggregation, affecting electron transfer efficiency. Therefore, a PB concentration of 3 wt% in the cathode hydrogel is preferred.

[0038] Anode hydrogels with MgZn concentrations of 0.25 wt%, 0.5 wt%, and 1 wt% were prepared by fixing the positive electrode hydrogel (PB 3 wt%) and the separator, respectively. Short-circuit currents were measured after assembly. Figure 3 The results show that when the MgZn concentration is 0.25 wt%, the short-circuit current is only 3 μA; when the MgZn concentration is increased to 0.5 wt% and 1 wt%, the short-circuit current reaches approximately 18 μA, and there is no significant difference between the two. Considering both cost and performance, a MgZn concentration of 0.5 wt% in the negative electrode hydrogel is preferred.

[0039] The short-circuit current of the positive electrode hydrogel, separator, negative electrode hydrogel, and the fully assembled mask were measured separately. For example... Figure 4 The results show that a single layer of hydrogel or membrane generates almost no current (<0.5 μA), while the three-layer assembled membrane can output a stable short-circuit current of about 20 μA, confirming the successful assembly and self-powered characteristics of the membrane.

[0040] Fresh, detached pigskin was taken, and the assembled mask was attached to the surface of the pigskin. The short-circuit current was measured using an electrochemical workstation. For example... Figure 5 The results show that the mask can generate a stable short-circuit current of nearly 15 μA on pig skin, indicating that the mask can still work effectively in a simulated skin environment and has the ability to output transdermal microcurrent.

[0041] The mask was applied to the surface of detached pig skin, and the short-circuit current was measured every 2 hours for 48 hours. Figure 6 The results show that the short-circuit current of the mask remained between 12 and 18 μA within 48 hours without significant decay, indicating that the self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask has a continuous discharge capability of at least 48 hours, which can meet the actual use requirements.

[0042] AA2G was added to the negative electrode hydrogel to prepare MgVC hydrogel. SLC-PB, the separator hydrogel layer and MgVC negative electrode hydrogel were assembled sequentially to obtain the MVP battery (i.e., the self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask described in this embodiment).

[0043] Fresh detached pig skin was collected, and MgVC hydrogel (without positive electrode and separator, and without self-powered microcurrent) and MVP battery were respectively attached to the surface of the pig skin. After 2 hours of application, the samples were removed, and the diffusion of AA2G in each layer of the pig skin was observed using a laser confocal microscope. Since AA2G has autofluorescence properties, its distribution can be directly determined by the fluorescence intensity.

[0044] The results are as follows Figure 7 As shown, compared with the MgVC hydrogel control group, the MVP battery-treated group exhibited stronger AA2G fluorescence signals in both the epidermis and dermis. This result indicates that the microcurrent generated by the MVP battery can effectively drive AA2G to penetrate the stratum corneum barrier, not only pushing a large amount of AA2G into the porcine epidermis but also significantly accelerating the diffusion of AA2G into the dermis. This demonstrates that the self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask of this invention can significantly improve the transdermal penetration efficiency of active ingredients.

[0045] This embodiment successfully prepared a three-layer self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask. By optimizing the concentration of PB (3 wt%) at the positive electrode and the concentration of MgZn (0.5 wt%) at the negative electrode, a short-circuit current of approximately 20 μA was obtained. This mask can stably output a microcurrent of approximately 15 μA on isolated pig skin and continue to discharge for more than 48 hours, exhibiting good self-powered performance and skin adaptability. It can be used for subsequent applications such as promoting the absorption of skin care products or skin repair using microcurrents.

[0046] Example 2: Effect of self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask on UVB-induced ROS clearance in HaCaT cells This embodiment aims to investigate the scavenging effect of the self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask (MVP battery) of the present invention on the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by UVB in human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT), and to explore the synergistic effect of AA2G and microcurrent.

[0047] HaCaT cells were seeded in culture plates and divided into the following groups: Blank control group: Normal culture, without UVB irradiation, and without the addition of any hydrogel; UVB model group: UVB irradiation for 30 min, without the addition of hydrogel; PB hydrogel group: After UVB irradiation, PB-containing hydrogel was added and co-cultured for 6 h; Mg hydrogel group: After UVB irradiation, Mg-containing hydrogel was added and co-cultured for 6 h; MgVC hydrogel group: After UVB irradiation, hydrogel containing Mg and AA2G was added and co-cultured for 6 h; MP battery pack: After UVB irradiation, an MP battery assembled from PB hydrogel (positive electrode) and Mg hydrogel (negative electrode) was added and co-cultured for 6 h; MVP battery pack: After UVB irradiation, the MVP battery of the present invention, assembled from PB hydrogel (positive electrode) and MgVC hydrogel (negative electrode), was added and co-cultured for 6 h.

[0048] After co-culture, the ROS fluorescent probe (DCFH-DA) was added and incubated at 37°C in the dark for 30 min. After washing with PBS, the intensity of green fluorescence in the cells was observed and photographed using a laser confocal microscope to reflect the ROS level.

[0049] like Figure 8 As shown, the UVB model group cells exhibited strong green fluorescence, indicating a significant increase in ROS levels. The green fluorescence intensity of the PB hydrogel and Mg hydrogel groups was lower than that of the model group, but still relatively high. The green fluorescence intensity of the MgVC hydrogel group was further reduced. The green fluorescence intensity of the MP battery group (without AA2G) was lower than that of the single hydrogel group, indicating that the microcurrent itself has a certain ROS scavenging ability. The MVP battery group (in this invention) had the lowest green fluorescence intensity, significantly lower than the other groups. These results indicate that both AA2G and microcurrent can individually scavenge UVB-induced intracellular ROS; when the two work synergistically (MVP battery), the ROS scavenging effect is optimal. This is because the microcurrent generated by the MVP battery promotes the penetration of AA2G into the cell, and the microcurrent itself may activate the cell's own antioxidant defense system.

[0050] Example 3: Regulatory effect of self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask on LPS-induced macrophage immune polarization This embodiment aims to investigate the regulatory effect of the MVP battery of the present invention on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced immune polarization of RAW 264.7 macrophages and evaluate its effect on markers of M1 (pro-inflammatory) and M2 (anti-inflammatory) macrophages.

[0051] RAW 264.7 cells were seeded in culture plates and divided into the following groups: Blank control group: Normal culture, without LPS and hydrogel; LPS model group: LPS was added to induce an inflammatory response, but no hydrogel was added; MVP battery pack: After LPS induction, the MVP battery of the present invention is added for co-culture (specific conditions are the same as in Example 2).

[0052] In addition, control groups similar to those in Example 2 (PB, Mg, MgVC hydrogel and MP battery pack) were also set up.

[0053] After co-culture, cells were fixed and incubated with primary antibodies against M1 macrophage markers (such as iNOS or CD86) and M2 macrophage markers (such as CD206 or Arg-1), respectively, followed by labeling with fluorescent secondary antibodies. Green fluorescence (M1 marker) and red fluorescence (M2 marker) were observed and photographed using a laser confocal microscope.

[0054] like Figure 9 As shown, the LPS model group cells exhibited strong green fluorescence and weak red fluorescence, indicating that macrophages were primarily polarized to the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype. The MVP battery group provided by this invention showed the lowest green fluorescence intensity and the highest red fluorescence intensity. Other control groups fell between the model group and the MVP battery group.

[0055] The results show that the MVP battery of this invention can effectively inhibit LPS-induced macrophage polarization towards the M1 phenotype while promoting it towards the M2 phenotype. This immunomodulatory effect helps shift the inflammatory microenvironment towards a repair phenotype, which has potential therapeutic significance for skin inflammation and photoaging. The self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask of this invention can regulate macrophage immune polarization, inhibit the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype, and promote the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype, exhibiting excellent immunomodulatory activity.

[0056] Example 4: Effect of self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask on improving D-galactose-induced skin aging in mice. This embodiment uses a D-galactose combined with UVB irradiation to induce skin aging in Kunming mice, and evaluates the therapeutic effect of the MVP battery of this invention on skin photoaging.

[0057] Kunming mice were randomly divided into the following groups. After continuous treatment for a certain number of days, the condition of the skin on the back of the mice was observed and photographed, and the depth of wrinkles was assessed using a skin wrinkle analyzer.

[0058] Normal control group (Control): No aging induction or treatment was performed; Aging model group: Intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose combined with UVB irradiation of the back to induce skin aging; MVP Battery Pack: The self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask (MVP battery) of this invention was applied to the back of an aging model mouse. SC group (short-circuit control group): PB and Mg nanopowders were mixed into the same hydrogel (without positive and negative electrode layered structure, unable to generate microcurrent) and applied to the back of aging model mice; Other control groups were the same as in Example 2, including PB hydrogel, Mg hydrogel, MgVC hydrogel, and MP battery pack.

[0059] As attached Figure 10 As shown, the aging model group mice exhibited obvious signs of aging, such as deepened wrinkles and rough skin on their backs. The SC group showed virtually no improvement, similar to the model group. The mice treated with the MVP battery group of this invention showed significant improvement in skin condition, with a marked reduction in wrinkle depth, and their skin appearance was closest to the normal control group. The MP battery group showed some improvement, but the effect was weaker than that of the MVP battery group.

[0060] The SC group, due to a short circuit within the hydrogel, was unable to generate a directional microcurrent, thus failing to effectively drive AA2G to penetrate deeper into the skin, resulting in no therapeutic effect. In contrast, the MVP battery, through its layered positive and negative electrode structure, generates a stable microcurrent. This not only possesses biological effects that promote cell repair but also accelerates the transdermal penetration of active ingredients such as AA2G, thereby exerting a synergistic anti-aging effect.

[0061] This embodiment demonstrates that the self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask of the present invention can significantly improve the skin aging state induced by D-galactose combined with UVB in mice and reduce wrinkle depth. Its effect depends on the microcurrent generated by the ordered battery structure. Comparison with the short-circuit control group (SC) further confirms the crucial role of the microcurrent in promoting the penetration of active ingredients and exerting therapeutic effects.

[0062] Example 5 The allocation ratio of each group was adjusted according to the method in Example 1.

[0063] Preparation of SLC-PB: 20 ​​mM Tris was dissolved in physiological saline, and 0.5 wt% LA was added. The solution was stirred and dissolved in a 70℃ water bath to obtain solution A. 5 wt% SF was dissolved in physiological saline, and 1.5 wt% CNT and 5 wt% PB were added. The mixture was ultrasonically dispersed to obtain solution B. Solution A and solution B were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1, stirred rapidly for 10 s, poured into a mold, and allowed to gel at 37℃ for 1 h to obtain SLC-PB.

[0064] Preparation of GLC-PGA-MgZn: 20 mM Tris was dissolved in physiological saline, and 0.5 wt% LA was added. The solution was stirred and dissolved in a 70℃ water bath to obtain solution A. 5 wt% SF was dissolved in physiological saline, and 0.5 wt% GA, 0.02 M NaOH solution, 5 wt% MgZn, 1.5 wt% CNT, and 1 wt% AA2G were added sequentially. After each addition, the mixture was stirred for 5 min until homogeneous to obtain solution C. Solution A and solution C were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1, stirred rapidly for 10 s, poured into a mold, and allowed to gel at 37℃ for 1 h to obtain GLC-PGA-MgZn.

[0065] A microcurrent hydrogel mask was prepared by sequentially stacking a positive electrode hydrogel layer, a separator hydrogel layer, and a negative electrode hydrogel layer. Tests showed that the mask had an adhesion strength of 8 kPa, a short-circuit current of 35 μA, an open-circuit voltage of 1.2 V, and a transdermal absorption rate of AA2G of 18%.

[0066] Example 6 The allocation ratio of each group was adjusted according to the method in Example 1.

[0067] Preparation of LC-PB: 30 mM Tris was dissolved in physiological saline, and 1 wt% LA was added. The solution was stirred and dissolved in a 70℃ water bath to obtain solution A. 8 wt% SF was dissolved in physiological saline, and 0.3 wt% CNT and 2 wt% PB were added. The mixture was ultrasonically dispersed to obtain solution B. Solution A and solution B were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1, stirred rapidly for 10 s, poured into a mold, and allowed to gel at 37℃ for 1 h to obtain SLC-PB.

[0068] Preparation of GLC-PGA-MgZn: 30 mM Tris was dissolved in physiological saline, and 1 wt% LA was added. The solution was stirred and dissolved in a 70℃ water bath to obtain solution A. 8 wt% SF was dissolved in physiological saline, and 2 wt% GA, 0.08 M NaOH, 2 wt% MgZn, 0.3 wt% CNT, and 5 wt% AA2G were added sequentially. After each addition, the mixture was stirred for 5 min until homogeneous to obtain solution C. Solution A and solution C were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1, stirred rapidly for 10 s, poured into a mold, and allowed to gel at 37℃ for 1 h to obtain GLC-PGA-MgZn.

[0069] A microcurrent hydrogel mask was prepared by sequentially laminating SLC-PB, a diaphragm hydrogel layer, and GLC-PGA-MgZn. Testing showed that the mask had an adhesion strength of 22 kPa, a short-circuit current of 6 μA, an open-circuit voltage of 0.65 V, and an AA2G transdermal absorption rate of 28%.

[0070] Example 7 The allocation ratio of each group was adjusted according to the method in Example 1.

[0071] Preparation of SLC-PB: 40 mM Tris was dissolved in physiological saline, and 3 wt% LA was added. The solution was stirred and dissolved in a 70℃ water bath to obtain solution A. 6 wt% SF was dissolved in physiological saline, and 0.4 wt% CNT and 2.5 wt% PB were added. The mixture was ultrasonically dispersed to obtain solution B. Solution A and solution B were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1, stirred rapidly for 10 s, poured into a mold, and allowed to gel at 37℃ for 1 h to obtain SLC-PB.

[0072] Preparation of GLC-PGA-MgZn: 40 mM Tris was dissolved in physiological saline, and 3 wt% LA was added. The solution was stirred and dissolved in a 70℃ water bath to obtain solution A. 6 wt% SF was dissolved in physiological saline, and 4 wt% GA, 0.06 M NaOH, 2.5 wt% MgZn, 0.4 wt% CNT, and 1.5 wt% AA2G were added sequentially. After each addition, the mixture was stirred for 5 min until homogeneous to obtain solution C. Solution A and solution C were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1, stirred rapidly for 10 s, poured into a mold, and allowed to gel at 37℃ for 1 h to obtain GLC-PGA-MgZn.

[0073] A microcurrent hydrogel mask was prepared by sequentially laminating SLC-PB, a diaphragm hydrogel layer, and GLC-PGA-MgZn. Testing showed that the mask had an adhesion strength of 52 kPa, a short-circuit current of 9 μA, an open-circuit voltage of 0.75 V, and an AA2G transdermal absorption rate of 15%.

[0074] Example 8 The allocation ratio of each group was adjusted according to the method in Example 1.

[0075] Preparation of SLC-PB: 25 mM Tris was dissolved in physiological saline, and 0.8 wt% LA was added. The solution was stirred and dissolved in a 70°C water bath to obtain solution A. 4 wt% SF was dissolved in physiological saline, and 0.8 wt% CNT and 8 wt% PB were added. The mixture was ultrasonically dispersed to obtain solution B. Solution A and solution B were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1, stirred rapidly for 10 s, poured into a mold, and allowed to gel at 37°C for 1 h to obtain SLC-PB.

[0076] Preparation of GLC-PGA-MgZn: 25 mM Tris was dissolved in physiological saline, and 0.8 wt% LA was added. The solution was stirred and dissolved in a 70℃ water bath to obtain solution A. 4 wt% SF was dissolved in physiological saline, and 0.8 wt% GA, 0.03 M NaOH, 8 wt% MgZn, 0.8 wt% CNT, and 0.8 wt% AA2G were added sequentially. After each addition, the mixture was stirred for 5 min until homogeneous to obtain solution C. Solution A and solution C were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1, stirred rapidly for 10 s, poured into a mold, and allowed to gel at 37℃ for 1 h to obtain GLC-PGA-MgZn.

[0077] A microcurrent hydrogel mask was prepared by sequentially laminating SLC-PB, a diaphragm hydrogel layer, and GLC-PGA-MgZn. Testing showed that the mask had an adhesion strength of 6 kPa, a short-circuit current of 42 μA, an open-circuit voltage of 1.35 V, and an AA2G transdermal absorption rate of 16%.

[0078] Example 9 The allocation ratio of each group was adjusted according to the method in Example 1.

[0079] Preparation of SLC-PB: 10 mM Tris was dissolved in physiological saline, and 0.2 wt% LA was added. The solution was stirred and dissolved in a 70℃ water bath to obtain solution A. 3 wt% SF was dissolved in physiological saline, and 0.1 wt% CNT and 1 wt% PB were added. The mixture was ultrasonically dispersed to obtain solution B. Solution A and solution B were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1, stirred rapidly for 10 s, poured into a mold, and allowed to gel at 37℃ for 1 h to obtain SLC-PB.

[0080] Preparation of GLC-PGA-MgZn: 10 mM Tris was dissolved in physiological saline, and 0.2 wt% LA was added. The solution was stirred and dissolved in a 70℃ water bath to obtain solution A. 3 wt% SF was dissolved in physiological saline, and 0.2 wt% GA, 0.01 M NaOH, 1 wt% MgZn, 0.1 wt% CNT, and 0.5 wt% AA2G were added sequentially. After each addition, the mixture was stirred for 5 min until homogeneous to obtain solution C. Solution A and solution C were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1, stirred rapidly for 10 s, poured into a mold, and allowed to gel at 37℃ for 1 h to obtain GLC-PGA-MgZn.

[0081] A microcurrent hydrogel mask was prepared by sequentially laminating SLC-PB, a diaphragm hydrogel layer, and GLC-PGA-MgZn. Testing showed that the mask had an adhesion strength of 3 kPa, a short-circuit current of 2 μA, an open-circuit voltage of 0.35 V, and an AA2G transdermal absorption rate of 5%.

[0082] Example 10 The allocation ratio of each group was adjusted according to the method in Example 1.

[0083] Preparation of SLC-PB: 60 mM Tris was dissolved in physiological saline, and 1.5 wt% LA was added. The solution was stirred and dissolved in a 70℃ water bath to obtain solution A. 4 wt% SF was dissolved in physiological saline, and 0.2 wt% CNT and 1.5 wt% PB were added. The mixture was ultrasonically dispersed to obtain solution B. Solution A and solution B were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1, stirred rapidly for 10 s, poured into a mold, and allowed to gel at 37℃ for 1 h to obtain SLC-PB.

[0084] Preparation of GLC-PGA-MgZn: 60 mM Tris was dissolved in physiological saline, and 1.5 wt% LA was added. The solution was stirred and dissolved in a 70℃ water bath to obtain solution A. 4 wt% SF was dissolved in physiological saline, and 3 wt% GA, 0.04 M NaOH, 1.5 wt% MgZn, 0.2 wt% CNT, and 3 wt% AA2G were added sequentially. After each addition, the mixture was stirred for 5 min until homogeneous to obtain solution C. Solution A and solution C were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1, stirred rapidly for 10 s, poured into a mold, and allowed to gel at 37℃ for 1 h to obtain GLC-PGA-MgZn.

[0085] A microcurrent hydrogel mask was prepared by sequentially laminating SLC-PB, a diaphragm hydrogel layer, and GLC-PGA-MgZn. Testing showed that the mask had an adhesion strength of 38 kPa, a short-circuit current of 4 μA, an open-circuit voltage of 0.55 V, and an AA2G transdermal absorption rate of 22%.

[0086] Example 11 The allocation ratio of each group was adjusted according to the method in Example 1.

[0087] Preparation of SLC-PB: 35 mM Tris was dissolved in physiological saline, and 1.2 wt% LA was added. The solution was stirred and dissolved in a 70℃ water bath to obtain solution A. 10 wt% SF was dissolved in physiological saline, and 0.6 wt% CNT and 4 wt% PB were added. The mixture was ultrasonically dispersed to obtain solution B. Solution A and solution B were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1, stirred rapidly for 10 s, poured into a mold, and allowed to gel at 37℃ for 1 h to obtain SLC-PB.

[0088] Preparation of GLC-PGA-MgZn: 35 mM Tris was dissolved in physiological saline, and 1.2 wt% LA was added. The solution was stirred and dissolved in a 70℃ water bath to obtain solution A. 10 wt% SF was dissolved in physiological saline, and 1.5 wt% GA, 0.05 M NaOH, 4 wt% MgZn, 0.6 wt% CNT, and 2.5 wt% AA2G were added sequentially. After each addition, the mixture was stirred for 5 min until homogeneous to obtain solution C. Solution A and solution C were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1, stirred rapidly for 10 s, poured into a mold, and allowed to gel at 37℃ for 1 h to obtain GLC-PGA-MgZn.

[0089] A microcurrent hydrogel mask was prepared by sequentially laminating SLC-PB, a diaphragm hydrogel layer, and GLC-PGA-MgZn. Testing showed that the mask had an adhesion strength of 35 kPa, a short-circuit current of 15 μA, an open-circuit voltage of 0.95 V, and an AA2G transdermal absorption rate of 20%.

[0090] Example 12 The allocation ratio of each group was adjusted according to the method in Example 1.

[0091] Preparation of SLC-PB: 45 mM Tris was dissolved in physiological saline, and 2.5 wt% LA was added. The solution was stirred and dissolved in a 70℃ water bath to obtain solution A. 12 wt% SF was dissolved in physiological saline, and 1.2 wt% CNT and 6 wt% PB were added. The mixture was ultrasonically dispersed to obtain solution B. Solution A and solution B were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1, stirred rapidly for 10 s, poured into a mold, and allowed to gel at 37℃ for 1 h to obtain SLC-PB.

[0092] Preparation of GLC-PGA-MgZn: 45 mM Tris was dissolved in physiological saline, and 2.5 wt% LA was added. The solution was stirred and dissolved in a 70℃ water bath to obtain solution A. 12 wt% SF was dissolved in physiological saline, and 2.5 wt% GA, 0.07 M NaOH, 6 wt% MgZn, 1.2 wt% CNT, and 3.5 wt% AA2G were added sequentially. After each addition, the mixture was stirred for 5 min until homogeneous to obtain solution C. Solution A and solution C were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1, stirred rapidly for 10 s, poured into a mold, and allowed to gel at 37℃ for 1 h to obtain GLC-PGA-MgZn.

[0093] A microcurrent hydrogel mask was prepared by sequentially laminating SLC-PB, a diaphragm hydrogel layer, and GLC-PGA-MgZn. Testing showed that the mask had an adhesion strength of 40 kPa, a short-circuit current of 28 μA, an open-circuit voltage of 1.15 V, and an AA2G transdermal absorption rate of 25%.

[0094] In summary, this invention provides a self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask and its preparation method. The mask employs a three-layer structure: the positive electrode hydrogel layer contains a hydrogel substrate (selected from LA-SF or Gelatin-APS-SF), CNTs, and PB; the negative electrode hydrogel layer contains the same type of hydrogel substrate, CNTs, AA2G, and GA-modified MgZn powder; and the intermediate separator layer is a hydrogel layer with the same substrate as the positive and negative electrodes. This mask requires no external power source and continuously outputs μA-level direct current through the galvanic cell effect formed on the skin surface by the positive and negative electrode materials, while the negative electrode MgZn degrades to produce H2. This invention possesses self-powered, penetration-enhancing, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory synergistic effects, providing an effective solution for home care of photoaging skin.

[0095] Experiments showed that the optimized ratio (3 wt% PB concentration at the positive electrode and 0.5 wt% MgZn concentration at the negative electrode) resulted in a short-circuit current of approximately 20 μA for the facial mask, with a stable output of approximately 15 μA on isolated pig skin for over 48 hours. This microcurrent significantly promoted the transdermal absorption of vitamin C glucoside (transdermal absorption rate reached 5%–28%) and synergized with the wet adhesion, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects of gallic acid. It effectively scavenged UVB-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species, regulated macrophage polarization towards the anti-inflammatory M2 type, and improved the skin aging state induced by D-galactose combined with UVB in mice.

[0096] The present invention has a simple preparation process, low cost and convenient use, and provides a safe and efficient new strategy for home care of photoaging of the skin with self-powered microcurrent.

[0097] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0098] Although preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0099] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or terminal device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal device that includes said element.

[0100] The above provides a detailed description of a self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask and its preparation method. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask, characterized in that, The mask comprises a positive electrode hydrogel layer, a diaphragm hydrogel layer, and a negative electrode hydrogel layer stacked sequentially. The positive electrode hydrogel layer, the separator hydrogel layer, and the negative electrode hydrogel layer are each independently composed of the same type of hydrogel substrate; The positive electrode hydrogel layer also contains conductive nanomaterials and positive electrode active materials; The negative electrode hydrogel layer also contains conductive nanomaterials, antioxidant active ingredients, and polyphenol-modified biodegradable metal powder.

2. The self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive nanomaterial is selected from one or more of carbon nanotubes, graphene, or metal nanowires, and is composed of a mixture of two or more in any proportion.

3. The self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positive electrode active material is Prussian blue.

4. The self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antioxidant active ingredient is vitamin C glucoside.

5. The self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polyphenol-modified biodegradable metal powder is gallic acid-modified magnesium-zinc alloy powder.

6. A method for preparing a self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The positive electrode hydrogel layer is prepared by mixing the hydrogel substrate precursor, conductive nanomaterials and Prussian blue with physiological saline. S2: A negative electrode hydrogel layer is prepared by mixing hydrogel substrate precursor, conductive nanomaterials, antioxidant active ingredients, gallic acid, sodium hydroxide and magnesium-zinc alloy powder with physiological saline. S3: The positive electrode hydrogel layer, the diaphragm hydrogel layer and the negative electrode hydrogel layer are sequentially stacked and assembled to obtain the self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask.

7. The method for preparing a self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask according to claim 6, characterized in that, The hydrogel substrate precursor is selected from one of the following combinations: (a) Alpha-lipoic acid and silk fibroin; (b) Gelatin, oxidized amylopectin and silk fibroin. The lipoic acid has a mass percentage concentration of 0.2% to 3.0%; the gelatin has a mass percentage concentration of 15% to 20%; the oxidized amylopectin has a mass percentage concentration of 5% to 10%; and the silk fibroin has a mass percentage concentration of 3% to 15%.

8. The method for preparing a self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the positive electrode hydrogel layer, the mass percentage concentration of Prussian blue is 0.1%~1.0%, and the mass percentage concentration of conductive nanomaterials is 0.1%~1.5%.

9. The method for preparing a self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the negative electrode hydrogel layer, the mass percentage concentration of gallic acid is 0.1%~1.0%, the mass percentage concentration of magnesium-zinc alloy powder is 0.1%~1.0%, the mass percentage concentration of conductive nanomaterials is 0.1%~1.5%, and the mass percentage concentration of vitamin C glucoside is 0.1%~2.0%.

10. The method for preparing a self-powered microcurrent hydrogel mask according to claim 6, characterized in that, In S2, the concentration of sodium hydroxide is 0.1 M to 0.8 M.

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