A floating module and automatic mounting mechanism

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of precision automatic assembly equipment, and discloses a floating module and an automatic mounting mechanism. The floating module comprises a fixing base with a first locking surface, a mounting seat, an elastic connecting piece and a locking block with a second locking surface. The locking block can be switched between a locking position and an unlocking position, and locking and unlocking of the mounting seat are realized respectively. The application solves the problem that the traditional floating mechanism cannot consider the rotary coating and the press assembly working conditions at the same time, and the sleeve is prone to shaking, the coating is uneven, and the press assembly precision is poor. The rigid locking positioning can be realized during the coating operation, the uniform coating is ensured, the self-adaptive floating compensation of the machining and assembly errors is realized during the press assembly operation, the sleeve assembly precision and the product yield are effectively improved, and the high-precision sleeve press assembly operation demand is adapted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of precision automated assembly equipment technology, specifically relating to a floating module and an automatic installation mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] In precision assembly operations such as workpiece sleeve pressing, it is usually necessary to apply adhesive evenly to the outer surface of the sleeve before pressing it into the workpiece's pre-set assembly position. The uniformity of the adhesive application directly determines the bonding stability and assembly accuracy of the sleeve after pressing, making it a key process to ensure product assembly quality. To achieve uniform adhesive application across the entire outer circumference of the sleeve, the conventional method is to clamp and fix the sleeve and then rotate it as a whole, ensuring that the adhesive adheres completely and evenly to the outer circumference of the sleeve.

[0003] In the press-fit assembly process of sleeves and workpieces, due to limitations in the machining process of the sleeve mounting holes, slight coaxiality deviations and positional errors are unavoidable. This makes it difficult for the centerline of the sleeve to perfectly coincide with the centerline of the workpiece mounting hole during press-fitting, easily leading to assembly misalignment. To effectively compensate for the machining accuracy errors of the workpiece mounting holes, adaptively offset assembly misalignment, and ensure stable and accurate press-fitting of the sleeve, floating assembly mechanisms are widely used in the industry to complete precision press-fitting operations.

[0004] Currently, most conventional floating assembly mechanisms on the market rely solely on a single elastic connector for passive floating compensation, resulting in a limited structural function and a general lack of dedicated locking and limiting structures. While these traditional floating mechanisms can meet the basic requirements for assembly deviation compensation during the pressing process, they are unsuitable for the rotary adhesive application operation before tubing pressing. During the tubing rotary adhesive application process, the floating mechanism lacks an effective self-locking constraint structure. When the equipment drives the tubing to rotate at a constant or high speed, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation and the internal stress generated by the structural assembly gaps will directly cause irregular deflection and swaying of the tubing and mounting base.

[0005] When the sleeve deflects, the contact distance and angle between its outer circumference and the adhesive application mechanism will deviate, leading to uneven adhesive application thickness, localized missed areas, and adhesive buildup on the outer wall of the sleeve. This makes it impossible to guarantee consistent adhesive application across the entire outer circumference of the sleeve. When the adhesive-coated sleeve is subsequently pressed into the workpiece, the uneven adhesive application will further amplify assembly errors, causing sleeve misalignment, weak adhesion, and excessive assembly clearance. This significantly reduces product assembly accuracy and yield, making it difficult to meet the process requirements of high-precision sleeve pressing, and resulting in poor overall operational adaptability and structural stability.

[0006] Existing floating mechanisms are unable to meet the needs of both working conditions. They only have the floating compensation function during press fitting and lack the self-locking capability required for the rotating adhesive application condition. They cannot lock the structural posture during adhesive application to suppress workpiece deflection, which makes the precision sleeve press fitting process always have the defect of unstable adhesive application quality, which seriously restricts the improvement of production quality of high-precision sleeve press fitting assembly. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a floating module and an automatic installation mechanism in light of the current state of the prior art.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a floating module is proposed, comprising: a fixed base, on which a first locking surface is provided; The mounting base is spaced apart from the fixed base; At least one resilient connector, wherein at least one of the resilient connectors is connected between the fixed base and the mounting base; and A locking block, movably connected to the mounting base, and having a second locking surface that mates with the first locking surface, the locking block having a locked position and an unlocked position; wherein When the locking block is in the locked position, the second locking surface abuts against the first locking surface to lock the mounting base. When the locking block is in the unlocked position, the second locking surface separates from the first locking surface to allow the mounting base to float relative to the fixed base under the action of the elastic connector.

[0009] In one of the floating modules described above, both the first locking surface and the second locking surface are inclined surfaces, and when the locking block is in the locked position, an inclined surface mating structure is formed between the first locking surface and the second locking surface.

[0010] In one of the floating modules described above, a plurality of elastic connectors are provided between the fixed base and the mounting base, and the plurality of elastic connectors are distributed at equal angles along the center line of the mounting base; wherein, the plurality of elastic connectors are inclinedly arranged between the fixed base and the mounting base, so as to allow the mounting base to generate a floating displacement in a direction perpendicular to the center line of the mounting base when the mounting base is subjected to deflection thrust.

[0011] In one of the floating modules described above, a fixed sleeve is connected to the mounting base, and the first end of the locking block extends into the fixed sleeve and slides with the fixed sleeve. An elastic element is provided between the first end of the locking block and the mounting base; wherein The elastic element provides the locking block with an elastic force away from the mounting base. When the locking block is in the locked position, the elastic force keeps the first locking surface and the second locking surface pressed together.

[0012] In one of the floating modules described above, the fixed base is provided with a first stepped hole, and the second end of the locking block extends into the first stepped hole and slides in cooperation with the first stepped hole; wherein, when the locking block is subjected to force away from the locking position, the second end of the locking block moves against the stepped end face of the first stepped hole to provide a limit for the locking block.

[0013] In one type of floating module described above, at least one air guide block is connected to the fixed base. One end of the at least one air guide block, facing away from the fixed base, movably abuts against the mounting base. A gas channel is provided within the at least one air guide block. The first end of the gas channel passes through the end of the air guide block facing the mounting base, and the second end of the gas channel communicates with the first stepped hole. When there is a gap between the mounting base and at least one of the air guide blocks, the airflow entering the first stepped hole is discharged through the gas channel. When the mounting base abuts against at least one of the air guide blocks, the gas passage is closed, and the air pressure in the first stepped hole increases, thereby pushing the locking block away from the locking position.

[0014] In one of the aforementioned floating modules, the locking block has a stepped shaft structure, including a first main body segment and a second main body segment. A shoulder forming the second locking surface is provided between the first main body segment and the second main body segment. A first step is provided at the end of the first main body segment facing away from the second main body segment, and a second step is provided at the end of the second main body segment facing away from the first main body segment. A second step hole is provided inside the fixing sleeve. The first step is located inside the first step hole; The second step is located inside the second step hole.

[0015] In one of the above-mentioned floating modules, an outer cover is also included. The outer cover is connected to one end of the fixed base facing the mounting base, and an opening is provided at one end of the outer cover away from the fixed base. The mounting base is located inside the outer cover, and when the mounting base abuts against at least one of the air guide blocks, the end of the mounting base away from the fixed base is outside the opening.

[0016] In one of the floating modules described above, the gap between the outer wall of the mounting base and the inner wall of the outer cover is 0.8 mm to 2.5 mm, which serves to limit the mounting base when it undergoes floating displacement.

[0017] In addition to solving the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention also proposes an automatic installation mechanism, including the aforementioned floating module.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) By setting a fixed seat with a first locking surface, an installation seat spaced apart from the fixed seat, at least one elastic connector connected between the two, and a locking block movably assembled on the installation seat with a second locking surface, the locking block has two working states: a locking position and an unlocking position. When the locking position is in the locking position, the first locking surface and the second locking surface abut against each other to lock the installation seat. When the unlocking position is in the unlocking position, the two locking surfaces separate and the installation seat can float and move by relying on the elastic connector. This solves the technical problem that the existing floating assembly mechanism does not have a dedicated locking and limiting structure, cannot take into account both the rotating glue application and pressing conditions, and is prone to sleeve deflection and shaking due to centrifugal force and assembly gap stress during glue application, resulting in uneven glue application thickness, glue leakage, and glue accumulation, which in turn amplifies assembly errors and reduces product yield. It enables precise switching of floating module working conditions. The gluing process can rigidly lock the mounting seat posture and completely suppress workpiece deflection and shaking, ensuring uniform and consistent gluing on the outer circle of the sleeve. The pressing process can adaptively float to compensate for assembly deviations, effectively taking into account the dual process requirements of high-precision gluing and precise pressing, and greatly improving the assembly accuracy and production yield of the sleeve.

[0020] (2) By setting both the first locking surface of the fixed seat and the second locking surface of the locking block as inclined surfaces, when the locking block is in the locked position, the two inclined surfaces form a matching and fitting inclined locking structure, which solves the technical problems of poor stability, easy loosening under force, unreliable locking limit during rotational glue application, and still slight workpiece displacement and insufficient glue application consistency in the traditional floating mechanism locking structure. Utilizing the structural characteristics of inclined surfaces abutting and transmitting force, a stable radial clamping force can be continuously output when the sleeve is rotating at high speed for glue application. The locking structure fits tightly without gaps or loosening, and the reliability of locking limit is greatly improved, completely eliminating the problem of slight workpiece displacement during rotational operation. This further ensures the uniformity and flatness of glue application on the outer circle of the sleeve, laying the foundation for subsequent high-quality press-fitting and bonding.

[0021] (3) By arranging multiple elastic connectors that are equally angled along the center line of the mounting base and are inclined as a whole between the fixed base and the mounting base, the mounting base can generate an adaptive floating displacement perpendicular to its own center line when subjected to deflection thrust. This solves the technical problems of the existing floating mechanism having a single floating compensation method, limited deviation correction capability, inability to accurately offset the coaxiality and positional machining errors of the workpiece mounting hole, and difficulty in completely correcting the press-fit alignment deviation. Multiple sets of inclined elastic connectors can form differentiated elastic support forces, accurately adapt to the radial eccentricity deviation of the sleeve and the workpiece mounting hole, automatically correct the coaxiality of the two, effectively compensate for the workpiece machining error and assembly alignment error, make the sleeve press-fit process more stable and the alignment more accurate, eliminate quality defects such as press-fit offset and excessive assembly gap, and adapt to high-precision assembly operation scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a floating module according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a plan view of a floating module according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Sectional view at point AA.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a 3D view of the air guide block connected to the fixed base.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a 3D view of the locking block.

[0027] In the figure, 100 is the fixed base; 110 is the first locking surface; 120 is the first stepped hole; 200 is the mounting base; 300 is the elastic connector; 400 is the locking block; 410 is the second locking surface; 420 is the first main body section; 430 is the second main body section; 440 is the first step; 450 is the second step; 500 is the fixed sleeve; 600 is the elastic element; 700 is the air guide block; 710 is the gas channel; and 800 is the outer cover. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to further illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0029] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, this solution focuses on the specific structural composition of the floating module, the cooperation principle of each component, and its actual application conditions and operating logic in the automatic installation mechanism, providing a detailed explanation of the structural advantages and operating characteristics of the floating module.

[0031] The floating module of this solution mainly consists of eight core components: a fixed base 100, a mounting base 200, at least one elastic connector 300, a locking block 400, a fixed sleeve 500, an elastic element 600, an air guide block 700, and an outer cover 800. These components cooperate and work together to achieve the precise locking and adaptive floating functions of the module.

[0032] Specifically, the fixed base 100 is the basic support structure of the entire floating module, which bears the core role of supporting various components and transmitting power. It is also the core component for assembling and connecting the floating module with the internal drive components of the automatic installation mechanism, and can follow the drive components to complete overall displacement, rotation and other operations.

[0033] In one embodiment, the fixed base 100 is provided with a plurality of bolt through holes evenly distributed on it. The output end of the drive component in the automatic installation mechanism is provided with threaded holes that match the bolt through holes one by one. During assembly, the bolts pass through the bolt through holes of the fixed base 100 and the threaded holes of the output end of the drive component in sequence to complete the locking connection, thereby achieving a stable installation of the fixed base 100 at the output end of the drive component and ensuring the stability of power transmission. Of course, the fixing method between the fixed base 100 and the output end of the drive component is not limited to the above-mentioned threaded connection. Under different operating conditions, other conventional mechanical connection methods such as snap-fit, welding, and interference fit can also be used to adapt to different installation spaces and load requirements.

[0034] The fixed base 100 shown in the attached diagram of this solution is a disc-shaped structure. It has a regular structure and uniform force distribution, which is suitable for conventional rotation and pressing operations. However, the structure of the fixed base 100 is not limited to a disc shape. It can be flexibly designed into other regular or irregular structural shapes such as square or polygonal shapes according to the actual installation space, assembly position and force characteristics of the floating module, to adapt to diverse equipment assembly needs.

[0035] At least one elastic connector 300 is assembled between the fixed base 100 and the mounting base 200. It is the core component that breaks the rigid connection between the fixed base 100 and the mounting base 200 and enables them to float relative to each other, providing an elastic support basis for the adaptive displacement of the mounting base 200.

[0036] By arranging at least one elastic connector 300 between the fixed seat 100 and the mounting seat 200, the rigid connection state of the two components can be completely changed, so that the mounting seat 200 can generate a small adaptive floating displacement relative to the fixed seat 100 under the action of external force, thereby compensating for position deviations during the assembly process and improving the work accuracy.

[0037] In one embodiment, the elastic connector 300 can adopt a composite structure of rubber and studs, preferably manufactured using an integral molding process. Specifically, during the rubber vulcanization process of the elastic connector 300, pre-made studs are precisely pre-placed inside the vulcanization mold of the elastic connector 300 and cured in one step. This integral molding structure effectively avoids the problems of loosening and displacement inherent in split structures, significantly improving the overall structural stability and stress uniformity of the elastic connector 300. The hardness of the rubber can be specifically adjusted during the vulcanization production stage according to the actual load, floating stroke, and operating frequency of the floating module to meet the elastic buffering requirements of different working conditions. The embedded studs are mainly used to achieve precise positioning and fastening assembly between the elastic connector 300 and the fixed seat 100 and mounting seat 200, ensuring reliable connection.

[0038] Of course, in another embodiment, the elastic connector 300 can also adopt a combination assembly structure of spring and bolt. The specific assembly method is as follows: a threaded hole is opened on one of the components of the fixed seat 100 and the mounting seat 200, and a matching bolt through hole is opened on the corresponding component. The stepped end of the bolt is limited and attached to the outer end face of the component, and the other end of the bolt shank passes through the bolt through hole and is threaded and locked with the threaded hole. At the same time, the spring is sleeved on the outside of the bolt shank, so that the two ends of the spring are respectively attached and clamped between the opposite end faces of the fixed seat 100 and the mounting seat 200. The elastic connection and floating reset of the two components are realized by the extension and contraction deformation of the spring.

[0039] Mounting base 200 is a dedicated fixing base for the sleeve in the automatic installation mechanism. It is the core execution component for supporting the sleeve and docking the workpiece, and directly determines the positioning accuracy and operational stability of the sleeve installation. In one embodiment, mounting base 200 can be fixedly assembled with a positioning structure or clamping structure through conventional mechanical assembly methods such as integral molding, threaded connection, welding, and snap-fit. This positioning and clamping structure can achieve precise positioning and firm clamping of the sleeve workpiece to be processed, avoiding workpiece displacement or loosening during operation.

[0040] The locking block 400 is a key functional component for realizing the self-locking of the floating module and switching of operating states. It is slidably and movable in a limited position on the mounting base 200, and achieves precise switching between the locking and unlocking states of the module by changing its own position. In this solution, the fixed base 100 is formed with a first locking surface 110, and the locking block 400 is correspondingly formed with a second locking surface 410 that is completely matched and can fit snugly together with the first locking surface 110. By the tight fit and abutment of the first locking surface 110 and the second locking surface 410 or their separation, the mounting base 200 is locked and fixed and then unlocked and floated, thus completing the switching of operating modes.

[0041] Specifically, the locking block 400 has two stable working states during operation: the locked position and the unlocked position. The two states correspond to different work procedures of the floating module, each performing its own function without interfering with the other.

[0042] When the automatic installation mechanism needs to perform external adhesive application on the fixed sleeve workpiece through the positioning or clamping structure connected to the mounting base 200, the locking block 400 is stably in the locked position. At this time, the second locking surface 410 of the locking block 400 is completely fitted and pressed against the first locking surface 110 of the fixed base 100, realizing the rigid locking and fixing of the mounting base 200. This setting can effectively limit the floating displacement of the mounting base 200 in any direction when the automatic installation mechanism drives the floating module to rotate as a whole, and then drives the sleeve workpiece to rotate synchronously to complete the adhesive application, eliminating the problem of workpiece shaking and displacement, ensuring uniform adhesive thickness and smooth coating on the outer wall of the workpiece, good subsequent demolding effect, and no residual adhesive accumulation.

[0043] When the adhesive application process is completed, and the glued sleeve needs to be precisely pressed into the corresponding workpiece mounting hole, the locking block 400 automatically switches from the locked position to the unlocked position. At this time, the second locking surface 410 and the first locking surface 110 are completely disengaged and separated, and the rigid locking state of the mounting base 200 is completely released. After unlocking, the mounting base 200 can generate an adaptive floating displacement relative to the fixed base 100 under the elastic deformation of the elastic connector 300. During the sleeve pressing and docking process, it can effectively compensate for equipment assembly errors and workpiece position deviations, and significantly improve the sleeve pressing alignment accuracy and overall assembly quality.

[0044] It is worth mentioning that the above-mentioned unlocking position is not a fixed and unique point, but a range of effective positions. As long as the first locking surface 110 and the second locking surface 410 are partially or completely separated, the rigid limiting constraint of the two components is released, and the mounting base 200 can freely generate a small floating displacement relative to the fixed base 100. It can be determined that the locking block 400 is in an effective unlocking position and can perform adaptive correction operations normally.

[0045] In this scheme, the core principle of the first locking surface 110 and the second locking surface 410 cooperating with each other to realize the reliable locking of the locking block 400 to the mounting base 200 lies in the fact that the first locking surface 110 and the second locking surface 410 form a mutually compatible inclined surface cooperation structure, and rigid locking is achieved by transmitting force through the inclined surface abutment.

[0046] That is, the first locking surface 110 on the fixed base 100 and the second locking surface 410 on the locking block 400 are both inclined fitting surfaces; refer to Figure 3As shown in the structure, when the locking block 400 is in the locked position, the two inclined surfaces of the first locking surface 110 and the second locking surface 410 are completely fitted together and mutually abut and limit each other. When the equipment needs to rotate the sleeve workpiece to complete the glue application operation, the fixed seat 100 can apply a radial pressing force toward the center line of the fixed seat 100 to the locking block 400 and the mounting seat 200 rigidly connected to the locking block 400 through the mutually fitted inclined surface cooperation structure. The position of the mounting seat 200 is locked by the inclined surface pressing force, which completely restricts its floating degree of freedom and achieves stable locking.

[0047] Furthermore, in this design, a number of elastic connectors 300 are uniformly assembled between the fixed base 100 and the mounting base 200. The elastic connectors 300 are arranged in a ring at equal angles along the central axis of the mounting base 200, and all the elastic connectors 300 are inclined between the opposite end faces of the fixed base 100 and the mounting base 200. This inclined arrangement structure allows the mounting base 200 to produce a slight floating displacement perpendicular to its own central axis when it is subjected to deflection load and radial load, thereby achieving coaxiality adaptive correction.

[0048] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 The sleeve is precisely fixed at the center of the mounting base 200, maintaining coaxiality with the mounting base 200; if the central axis of the sleeve is offset relative to the central axis of the workpiece mounting hole... Figure 3 On the left, the automatic installation mechanism pushes the fixing seat 100 towards... Figure 3 During the upward movement and pressing of the sleeve into the workpiece mounting hole, due to the initial eccentricity of the sleeve, the workpiece mounting hole will exert a reverse supporting force on the sleeve. This force will be directly transmitted to the mounting base 200, causing the compressive load on the elastic connector 300 on the left side of the mounting base 200 to be greater than that on the right side. Correspondingly, Figure 3 The left elastic connector 300 has a larger compression deformation, and its rebound force on the mounting base 200 is greater than that of the right elastic connector 300. Furthermore, because all elastic connectors 300 are arranged at an angle between the fixed base 100 and the mounting base 200, the component of the force exerted by the left elastic connector 300 on the mounting base 200, pointing towards the center line of the fixed base 100, is significantly greater than the component on the right in the same direction. This, in turn, drives the mounting base 200 in a direction perpendicular to the center line of the fixed base 100 (i.e.,...). Figure 3 It generates adaptive floating displacement (from left to right) to automatically correct the coaxiality deviation between the sleeve and the workpiece mounting hole, achieving precise alignment.

[0049] To ensure that the first locking surface 110 and the second locking surface 410 remain tightly pressed together when the locking block 400 is in the locked position, preventing loosening or misalignment during operation, this solution includes a fixed sleeve 500 fixedly connected to the mounting base 200. The first end of the locking block 400 extends into the fixed sleeve 500 and forms a sliding fit with the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 500, allowing it to slide smoothly along the axial direction of the fixed sleeve 500. Simultaneously, an elastic element 600 is fitted between the first end face of the locking block 400 and the corresponding mounting end face of the mounting base 200. This elastic element 600 is preferably a compression spring, which offers advantages such as stable deformation, uniform rebound, and high durability. In other embodiments, the elastic element 600 can also be a columnar elastic structure made of rubber, with one end of the elastic element 600 tightly pressed against the end face of the mounting base 200 and the other end tightly pressed against the end face of the locking block 400, continuously providing a stable elastic force.

[0050] The elastic element 600 can continuously provide the locking block 400 with an elastic pushing force away from the mounting base 200. Especially during the process of the entire floating module driving the sleeve to rotate at high speed and continuously apply glue, the constant thrust of the elastic element 600 can ensure that the first locking surface 110 and the second locking surface 410 are always in close contact and without gaps, so that the locking block 400 is stably kept in the locked position, reliably locking the mounting base 200 and eliminating the problem of position displacement during rotation.

[0051] Furthermore, the fixed base 100 is provided with a first stepped hole 120, and the second end of the locking block 400 extends and inserts into the first stepped hole 120, forming a sliding fit structure with the hole wall of the first stepped hole 120, allowing for smooth displacement along the axial direction of the first stepped hole 120. When the locking block 400 is subjected to force and slides away from the locking position, the end face of the second end of the locking block 400 can form a movable abutment limit with the stepped end face of the first stepped hole 120, effectively limiting the maximum sliding stroke of the locking block 400, preventing the locking block 400 from excessively displacing and separating or falling off from the fixed base 100, and ensuring the integrity of component assembly and operational safety.

[0052] In one embodiment, to meet the state switching requirements of the sleeve pressing process, i.e., to precisely control the locking block 400 to smoothly switch from the locked position to the unlocked position during the sleeve pressing process and activate the adaptive floating function of the floating module, at least one air guide block 700 is fixedly connected to the fixed base 100. The end of the at least one air guide block 700 facing away from the fixed base 100 forms a movable abutment structure with the end face of the mounting base 200, allowing it to fit and separate as the mounting base 200 moves. Simultaneously, each air guide block 700 has a through-type gas channel 710 inside. The first end of the gas channel 710 penetrates the end face of the air guide block 700 facing the mounting base 200, and the second end of the gas channel 710 communicates with the internal cavity of the first stepped hole 120 of the fixed base 100, forming a complete airflow conduction and closure loop. The operation state switching logic is as follows: When there is a gap between the mounting base 200 and the end of at least one air guide block 700, and they are not tightly fitted, the airflow introduced into the first step hole 120 by the external air source can be smoothly discharged outward through the gas channel 710 of the air guide block 700. The air pressure inside the first step hole 120 remains at normal pressure, and there is no pressure thrust output. When the mounting base 200 gradually presses against the end face of at least one air guide block 700 as the displacement stroke progresses, the outlet end of the gas channel 710 is completely sealed, and the airflow cannot be discharged outward, causing the air pressure inside the cavity of the first stepped hole 120 to rise rapidly. The pressure difference is used to generate thrust, which is used to push the locking block 400 to move in the opposite direction, so that it is released from the locked position and switched to the unlocked state.

[0053] It should be noted that, since the floating module has both rotational and linear displacement actions, the implementation scheme for introducing gas into the first stepped hole 120 is as follows: the gas supply pipeline of the external gas source is inserted and fixed to the cavity of the first stepped hole 120, and an airtight rotary seal bearing is installed at the assembly gap between the pipeline and the first stepped hole 120.

[0054] Under the premise of introducing gas into the first stepped hole 120 using the above-mentioned scheme, a stepped limiting structure is formed at the end of the first stepped hole 120 away from the locking block 400. The airtight rotary seal bearing is limited by the stepped end face to prevent axial movement of the bearing during operation. The bearing is equipped with sealing components on the outer wall of its outer ring and the inner wall of its inner hole. The outer ring seal fills the assembly gap between the bearing and the first stepped hole 120 to form a static seal, and the inner hole seal fits against the outer wall of the gas pipeline to form a dynamic seal. The double sealing structure can prevent gas from leaking out from the two mating gaps. Relying on the dynamic sealing and rotary adaptation characteristics of the bearing, when the floating module rotates, the external gas pipeline will not twist, bend, or knot with the module.

[0055] Reference Figure 3In the illustrated operating condition, during the process of the automatic installation mechanism driving the floating module to move downward and press the sleeve into the workpiece mounting hole, a small gap is maintained between the mounting base 200 and the end of the air guide block 700 before the end of the sleeve contacts the workpiece mounting hole. At this time, the gas continuously introduced into the first stepped hole 120 by the external air source can be continuously discharged through the gas channel 710 of the air guide block 700. There is no pressure accumulation inside the first stepped hole 120, and the locking block 400 remains locked under the action of the elastic element 600. When the end of the sleeve touches the end face of the workpiece mounting hole, the workpiece will generate a reverse supporting reaction force on the sleeve. This reaction force pushes the mounting base 200 to move slightly closer to the fixed base 100 until the end face of the mounting base 200 completely abuts against the end of the air guide block 700, completely sealing the outlet port of the gas channel 710. At this time, the airflow inside the first step hole 120 cannot escape, and the air pressure in the cavity continues to rise until the air pressure thrust overcomes the elastic clamping force of the elastic element 600 and pushes the locking block 400 to slide and smoothly switch to the unlocked position. The rigid locking constraint of the locking block 400 on the mounting base 200 is completely released. Under the deformation reset and adaptive adjustment of the elastic connector 300, the mounting base 200 can generate a corresponding floating displacement according to the alignment deviation between the sleeve and the workpiece, and complete the coaxiality correction and adaptive pressing.

[0056] In this design, the locking block 400 is configured as a stepped shaft structure with a regular overall structure and strong sliding stability. Specifically, it includes a first main body section 420 and a second main body section 430. The connection position between the first main body section 420 and the second main body section 430 is formed with a shoulder structure. The inclined end face of the shoulder is the second locking surface 410 that matches and cooperates with the first locking surface 110. Meanwhile, the first main body segment 420 has a first step 440 formed at the end opposite to the second main body segment 430, and the second main body segment 430 has a second step 450 formed at the end opposite to the first main body segment 420. The fixed sleeve 500 has a corresponding second step hole that matches the locking block 400. The first step 440 of the locking block 400 is located inside the first step hole 120, and the projection of the first step 440 toward the small end of the first step hole 120 can completely cover the small end diameter of the first step hole 120, which can effectively limit the maximum downward stroke of the locking block 400 and provide precise limit for the reciprocating movement of the locking block 400. The second step 450 is correspondingly assembled inside the second step hole to realize the nested sliding assembly of the locking block 400 and the fixed sleeve 500.

[0057] The nested fit structure of the second step hole inside the fixed sleeve 500 and the steps at both ends of the locking block 400 enables precise movable connection and bidirectional limiting between the locking block 400 and the fixed sleeve 500. This ensures that the locking block 400 can slide smoothly along the axial direction and switch working positions smoothly, while also preventing radial shaking and axial detachment of the locking block 400, thus greatly improving the stability and reliability of the locking block 400 operation.

[0058] The floating module of this solution also includes an outer cover 800 component. The outer cover 800 is fixedly connected to the end face of the fixed base 100 facing the mounting base 200. The end of the outer cover 800 away from the fixed base 100 has an open structure. The mounting base 200 is nested inside the outer cover 800. When the mounting base 200 is displaced to the limit position where it is completely pressed against at least one air guide block 700, the end of the mounting base 200 away from the fixed base 100 can extend out from the opening of the outer cover 800 and be located outside the outer cover 800.

[0059] The outer cover 800 is a dustproof and protective component for the floating module. It primarily creates a relatively enclosed working space for core precision components such as the mounting base 200, air guide block 700, and elastic connector 300. This effectively isolates the module from external dust, debris, oil, and other impurities, preventing their accumulation from affecting the sliding, elastic deformation, and locking precision of the components, thus ensuring long-term stable operation. The design limiting the mounting base 200 to its maximum tightness state, with its end extending beyond the opening of the outer cover 800, effectively avoids structural interference between the surrounding components of the automatic installation mechanism and the outer cover 800, ensuring smooth pressing operations.

[0060] Furthermore, a uniform gap of 0.8mm to 2.5mm is reserved between the outer circumferential wall of the mounting base 200 and the inner wall of the outer cover 800. This gap is the maximum floating stroke range of the mounting base 200. When the mounting base 200 generates adaptive floating displacement, the radial floating amplitude of the mounting base 200 can be precisely limited to avoid excessive floating displacement causing overload deformation of the elastic connector 300 and damage to components due to collisions. At the same time, it ensures that the floating correction accuracy is within a reasonable range.

[0061] The overall floating process of the mounting base 200 relies on the elastic deformation of the elastic connector 300 and the timing of air pressure unlocking. The entire process is an adaptive, non-interventional, and precise correction process. The specific floating process is as follows: During the glue application stage, the locking block 400 remains locked, and the first locking surface 110 and the second locking surface 410 are rigidly attached. The degrees of freedom of the mounting base 200 are completely locked, with no floating displacement, ensuring the stability of the rotating glue application. When the process switches to the sleeve pressing operation, after the sleeve contacts the workpiece, it is pushed upward by the reverse force, which closes the gas channel 710 of the air guide block 700. The air pressure of the first step hole 120 increases, pushing the locking block 400 to unlock, and the rigid constraint of the mounting base 200 is completely released. At this time, several inclined elastic connectors 300 can produce differentiated elastic deformation according to the coaxiality deviation between the sleeve and the workpiece mounting hole: if there is a radial eccentricity deviation, the elastic connector 300 on the deviation side will have increased compression deformation and enhanced rebound force, while the elastic connector 300 on the other side will have decreased deformation and weakened force. The difference in the component forces of the two elastic connectors 300 will drive the mounting base 200 to float slightly in the opposite direction of the eccentricity, gradually offsetting the alignment deviation. During the floating correction process, the mounting base 200 always moves within the gap limit range of the inner wall of the outer cover 800 to avoid overtravel shaking until the sleeve and the workpiece mounting hole are completely coaxially aligned. After the pressing operation is completed and the equipment is reset, the mounting base 200 is released from the reaction force of the workpiece and separates from the air guide block 700. The gas channel 710 is reopened, the first step hole 120 is reset by air pressure, the locking block 400 is reset and locked under the action of the elastic element 600, the elastic connecting element 300 returns to its initial state, and the mounting base 200 is reset and fixed accordingly, completing a complete floating correction operation. The entire process dynamically adapts to assembly errors, effectively improving assembly accuracy and yield.

[0062] It should be noted that in this invention, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "a" is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified. The terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two elements or the interaction between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly specified. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0063] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible for those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0064] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A floating module, characterized in that, include: A fixed base, on which a first locking surface is provided; The mounting base is spaced apart from the fixed base; At least one resilient connector, wherein at least one of the resilient connectors is connected between the fixed base and the mounting base; as well as A locking block, movably connected to the mounting base, and having a second locking surface that mates with the first locking surface, the locking block having a locked position and an unlocked position; wherein When the locking block is in the locked position, the second locking surface abuts against the first locking surface to lock the mounting base. When the locking block is in the unlocked position, the second locking surface separates from the first locking surface to allow the mounting base to float relative to the fixed base under the action of the elastic connector.

2. The floating module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first locking surface and the second locking surface are inclined surfaces, and when the locking block is in the locked position, an inclined surface mating structure is formed between the first locking surface and the second locking surface.

3. The floating module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of elastic connectors are provided between the fixed base and the mounting base, and the plurality of elastic connectors are distributed at equal angles along the center line of the mounting base; wherein, the plurality of elastic connectors are inclinedly arranged between the fixed base and the mounting base, so as to allow the mounting base to generate floating displacement in a direction perpendicular to the center line of the mounting base when the mounting base is subjected to deflection thrust.

4. The floating module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A fixing sleeve is connected to the mounting base, and the first end of the locking block extends into the fixing sleeve and slides with the fixing sleeve. An elastic element is provided between the first end of the locking block and the mounting base; wherein The elastic element provides the locking block with an elastic force away from the mounting base. When the locking block is in the locked position, the elastic force keeps the first locking surface and the second locking surface pressed together.

5. The floating module as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The fixed base is provided with a first stepped hole, and the second end of the locking block extends into the first stepped hole and slides in cooperation with the first stepped hole; wherein, when the locking block is subjected to force away from the locking position, the second end of the locking block moves against the stepped end face of the first stepped hole to provide a limit for the locking block.

6. The floating module as described in claim 5, characterized in that, At least one air guide block is connected to the fixed base. One end of the air guide block opposite to the fixed base movably abuts against the mounting base. A gas channel is provided within the at least one air guide block. The first end of the gas channel passes through the end of the air guide block facing the mounting base, and the second end of the gas channel communicates with the first stepped hole. When there is a gap between the mounting base and at least one of the air guide blocks, the airflow entering the first stepped hole is discharged through the gas channel. When the mounting base abuts against at least one of the air guide blocks, the gas passage is closed, and the air pressure in the first stepped hole increases, thereby pushing the locking block away from the locking position.

7. The floating module as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The locking block has a stepped shaft structure, including a first main body segment and a second main body segment. A shoulder forming the second locking surface is provided between the first main body segment and the second main body segment. A first step is provided at the end of the first main body segment opposite to the second main body segment, and a second step is provided at the end of the second main body segment opposite to the first main body segment. A second step hole is provided inside the fixing sleeve. The first step is located inside the first step hole; The second step is located inside the second step hole.

8. The floating module as described in claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes an outer cover, which is connected to the end of the fixed base facing the mounting base, and the end of the outer cover opposite to the fixed base is provided with an opening; wherein, the mounting base is located inside the outer cover, and when the mounting base abuts against at least one of the air guide blocks, the end of the mounting base opposite to the fixed base is outside the opening.

9. The floating module as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The gap between the outer wall of the mounting base and the inner wall of the outer cover is 0.8 mm to 2.5 mm, which is used to limit the mounting base when it undergoes floating displacement.

10. An automatic installation mechanism, characterized in that, Includes the floating module as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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