An oil fume trapping device, an oil fume trapping method and an intelligent control module

Abstract

The present application discloses a kind of oil fume trapping device, oil fume trapping method and intelligent control module, belong to kitchen oil fume purification technical field, solve the problem that existing smoke exhaust equipment is difficult to effectively control smoke in oil fume near field, oil fume is easy to diffuse escape, trapping efficiency is low.This oil fume trapping device includes oil fume enclosure component and oil fume flow guide component, rely on annular inner chamber, annular air outlet and flow guide plate form horn-shaped air outlet slit, high-speed airflow is sprayed to form cover-shaped airflow enclosure, cooperate built-in exhaust fan to form controlled backflow flow field, constrain oil fume diffusion from source.The device guarantees uniform and stable air outlet through wind structure, while supporting two working modes of external circulation and internal circulation.This device can efficiently gather and collect oil fume without simply relying on the power of lifting fan, the flow field is orderly and stable, the interference to stove flame is smaller, energy-saving and low-noise in operation, compact structure and strong adaptability, which can be widely used in various kitchen exhaust scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of kitchen fume purification technology, and relates to a fume collection device, and more particularly to a fume collection device, a fume collection method and an intelligent control module. Background Technology

[0002] Most existing kitchen fume purification equipment uses a range hood installed above the stove, relying on the negative pressure suction of the range hood to exhaust the fumes. However, in cooking scenarios such as stir-frying and deep-frying, where a large amount of fumes are generated instantly, the fumes quickly spread horizontally around the stove in the initial stage. Often, they have already escaped into the kitchen space before being effectively captured by the range hood above, resulting in low timeliness and capture rate of the fumes.

[0003] To improve the effectiveness of oil fume capture, existing technologies typically enhance suction capacity by increasing the exhaust volume and fan speed. This not only leads to a significant increase in equipment operating noise and energy consumption, but also easily disturbs the stove flame, affecting normal cooking. At the same time, existing oil fume treatment equipment lacks a structure for active containment and constraint in the near field where oil fumes are generated, making it impossible to suppress the spread of oil fumes at the source. Relying solely on long-distance negative pressure suction is insufficient to achieve efficient control of oil fumes, and the problem of oil fume escape and diffusion remains unresolved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in existing technologies by proposing an oil fume collection device, an oil fume collection method, and an intelligent control module. It solves the technical problems of existing kitchen exhaust equipment, which struggles to quickly constrain the diffusion of oil fumes in the near-field of fume generation, resulting in poor smoke control, easy escape of oil fumes, turbulent flow field, interference with stove flames, and low collection efficiency.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: An oil fume collection device is installed directly above a stove with an operating space reserved between them. The collection device includes an oil fume containment component and an oil fume diversion component. The fume containment assembly includes a shell body, with a central hole for fume collection at the center of the shell body. Inside the shell body, there is an annular inner cavity surrounding the central hole for fume collection. An annular air outlet is provided at the bottom or outer side of the annular inner cavity along its circumference. The annular inner cavity is connected to an air supply assembly for supplying air to the annular inner cavity so that the annular air outlet blows out a high-speed airflow. The annular air outlet has an upper edge and a lower edge. At the upper edge, there is a guide plate that is distributed around the annular air outlet and expands outward. The guide plate and the lower edge of the annular air outlet form a narrow opening with a small gap and an outward angle to make the high-speed airflow blown out form a hood-shaped airflow enclosure to limit the diffusion of oil fumes. The fume guiding component is located inside the central hole through which the fume is concentrated. The fume guiding component includes an exhaust fan, which is configured to exhaust air upwards to create a negative pressure inside the airflow enclosure to guide the fume upwards and to guide the airflow enclosure to form a rewind flow field.

[0006] This device, installed above the stove, creates a fume collection space in the near-field area where fumes are generated. Through the cooperation of the fume containment component and the fume guide component, the fumes are constrained and guided in the early stages of their generation, effectively inhibiting their spread and improving the timeliness and effectiveness of fume collection. The narrow opening formed by the annular air outlet and the guide plate accelerates the airflow, creating a stable, hood-like airflow containment. Combined with the upward suction provided by the fume guide component, the airflow containment and the suction flow together form a stable and orderly flow field, steadily guiding the fumes to concentrate through the central hole. This improves fume collection efficiency without significantly increasing air volume and speed, while reducing operating noise and energy consumption, and avoiding adverse effects on the stove flame.

[0007] In the aforementioned oil fume collection device, the lower edge of the annular air outlet has a guide surface parallel to the guide plate, and the narrow opening formed by the guide surface and the guide plate is in the shape of an outwardly expanding funnel.

[0008] Setting the narrow opening into an outward-spreading funnel shape allows the ejected airflow to extend outward more evenly and smoothly, improving the continuity and airtightness of the airflow enclosure, optimizing the airflow guidance effect, reducing airflow turbulence, and further enhancing the ability to contain cooking fumes.

[0009] In the aforementioned oil fume collection device, the inner side of the guide plate is tilted outward at an angle of 30°-60°.

[0010] Setting the guide vane at an angle of 30°-60° can reasonably control the diffusion direction and coverage of the airflow, so that the airflow enclosure can effectively cover the area where the oil fume is generated, and ensure the stability of the flow field, avoiding oil fume disturbance or diffusion caused by improper angle, and improving the overall smoke control stability.

[0011] In the above-mentioned oil fume collection device, one end of the guide plate is set outside the annular air outlet to form an flared outward guide structure. After the airflow ejected from the narrow opening is guided by the guide plate, it forms a stable outward-expanding airflow enclosure area, which is more conducive to restricting the diffusion of oil fumes to the outside.

[0012] The airflow accelerated from the narrow opening forms a stable airflow enclosure under the guidance of the deflector plate. As the jet volume gradually decreases in the outer area, it forms an inward rolling flow trend under the negative pressure inducement. This enhances the enclosure strength and strengthens the gathering effect of oil fumes, making it easier for oil fumes to be guided to the central oil fume exhaust area and improving the reliability of collection.

[0013] In the aforementioned oil fume collection device, the other end of the guide plate extends inward to the inner side of the annular inner cavity to form a constricted air-gathering section. The air supply component can blow air toward the inner side wall of the annular inner cavity to make the airflow entering the narrow opening more uniform in the circumferential direction. The air-gathering section is used to guide, buffer, and equalize the airflow before it enters the narrow opening to reduce the uneven spray phenomenon caused by excessive concentration of local airflow.

[0014] An air-gathering section is set on the inner side of the deflector plate, which can regulate, guide and equalize the airflow blown in by the air supply component inside the annular inner cavity, making the circumferential air outlet more uniform, avoiding local airflow weakness or discontinuity, ensuring the overall stability and continuity of the airflow enclosure, and improving the oil fume restraint effect.

[0015] In the aforementioned oil fume collection device, the shell body has an annular structure and the solid portion of its radial cross-section has a square outline, so that the oil fumes are concentrated and pass through the central hole to form a channel structure, ensuring that the oil fumes are gathered and concentrated to pass through.

[0016] The shell body is preferably an annular square cross-section structure, which allows the oil fumes to be concentrated and form a regular and smooth flow channel through the central hole, reducing the retention and turbulence of oil fumes inside the device, and enabling the oil fumes to be discharged smoothly and centrally, thus improving the efficiency of oil fume diversion and emission.

[0017] In the aforementioned oil fume collection device, a smoke collection section is provided at the outlet position of the central hole through which the oil fumes are concentrated, for guiding the oil fumes.

[0018] A smoke collection section is installed at the outlet position where the oil fumes are concentrated through the central hole. This can further collect and guide the rising oil fumes, prevent the oil fumes from spreading outward at the outlet, increase the concentration of oil fumes entering the extraction path, and enhance the near-field capture and discharge effect.

[0019] In the above-mentioned oil fume collection device, when the collection device is an external circulation exhaust device, a range hood is installed above the collection device, the air supply component is a fan, and the side of the fan is configured to blow air into the housing body.

[0020] Adopting an external circulation exhaust mode, it can form an airflow barrier by stably supplying air through the side air supply fan, and work with the external range hood to exhaust the fumes outward. At the same time, the near-field negative pressure suction formed by the exhaust fan and the airflow barrier formed by the stable air supply of the side air supply fan work together to increase the concentration of fumes entering the range hood, thereby improving the overall exhaust efficiency. It is suitable for conventional kitchen exhaust scenarios, with a simple structure, smooth exhaust, and a wide range of applications.

[0021] In the aforementioned oil fume collection device, when the collection device is an internal circulation exhaust system, the top of the shell body is provided with an upper sealing plate that concentrates the oil fumes through the central hole and seals them. The air supply component is an oil fume guiding component. The oil fume is concentrated through the central hole and has an air inlet on the inner wall near the outlet that communicates with the annular inner cavity. The oil fume is concentrated through the central hole and has a filter module near the inlet. After the airflow is filtered by the filter module, it enters the annular inner cavity from the air inlet and is finally ejected from the narrow opening.

[0022] It adopts an internal circulation smoke exhaust mode, which can purify the airflow through the filter module and return the purified gas to the annular inner chamber to form an airflow barrier again, realizing the internal circulation of air. No external smoke exhaust pipe is required, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly, and suitable for use scenarios where outdoor smoke exhaust is inconvenient.

[0023] A method for capturing oily fumes, using the aforementioned oily fume capturing device, includes the following steps: S1. A near-field fume collection area is pre-formed directly above the cooking stove, and the near-field fume collection area is set in the core area of ​​the cooking fume production area of ​​the stove. S2. By continuously injecting directional airflow through narrow openings arranged around the periphery of the near-field fume collection area, a circumferentially continuous airflow barrier is constructed around the periphery of the near-field fume collection area. S3. The airflow ejected from the narrow opening is radially deflected and guided to extend the airflow to the outside and below of the stove, thereby expanding the outer perimeter of the airflow enclosure and forming a enclosure constraint on the near-field fume collection area. S4. Control the airflow direction of the airflow enclosure so that it cooperates with the negative pressure suction formed by the fume guide component in the near-field fume collection area to form a cooperative flow field. S5. The cooking fumes are constrained by a continuous, surrounding airflow barrier, preventing them from spreading and escaping to the surroundings. The restricted fumes are then stably guided to the central hole by the airflow traction force of the coordinated flow field, and finally discharged or purified by the range hood.

[0024] This method constructs a near-field capture area above the stove and uses a high-speed airflow ejected from a narrow nozzle to form a continuous, surrounding hood-like airflow barrier. This can limit the spread of fumes in the early stages of their generation. Furthermore, by combining airflow guidance with negative pressure suction to form a synergistic flow field, the fumes are stably gathered and directed for discharge, achieving source control and efficient capture. The overall operation is stable, energy-efficient, and low-noise, significantly improving the effectiveness of fume control.

[0025] An intelligent control module for an oil fume collection device includes: The detection unit is used to acquire detection signals related to cooking fumes; The control module is configured to receive the detection signal output by the detection unit and generate control commands based on preset control logic; An air supply actuator is configured to respond to the control command by adjusting the airflow in the air supply path to form an airflow enclosure; and A suction execution unit is used to respond to the control command and adjust the suction state of the upper channel; The control module performs multi-level dynamic coordinated adjustment of the airflow state in the air supply path and the suction state in the suction path based on the changes in the detection signal, so that the airflow enclosure area is matched with the oil fume suction process.

[0026] In the intelligent control module of the aforementioned oil fume collection device, the control module is configured with at least three working levels, each level corresponding to a different combination of air supply intensity and suction intensity.

[0027] In the intelligent control module of the aforementioned oil fume collection device, the control module is equipped with a hysteresis threshold and a minimum holding time for gear switching, so as to avoid frequent switching of working state due to small fluctuations in oil fume concentration.

[0028] In the intelligent control module of the aforementioned oil fume collection device, the detection unit is a laser particulate sensor, which is used to detect the concentration of oil fume particulate matter in real time and output the corresponding concentration signal.

[0029] In the intelligent control module of the aforementioned oil fume collection device, the control module adopts a microcontroller, which stores a preset control logic program. The program defines the mapping relationship between the oil fume concentration signal and the fan power level.

[0030] The oil fume collection device and method provided by this invention, through the coordinated operation of an oil fume containment component and an oil fume diversion component, achieve near-field containment and directional diversion of oil fumes at the source, and has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1. This device supplies air through the annular inner chamber inside the main body, and ejects high-speed airflow through the narrow opening formed by the annular air outlet and the guide plate, quickly constructing a hood-shaped airflow enclosure. This effectively restricts the oil fumes from spreading and escaping in all directions at the initial stage of oil fume generation, solving the problem of oil fume dispersion from the source and greatly improving the timeliness and effectiveness of oil fume capture.

[0031] 2. The narrow opening structure accelerates the high-speed airflow, which, guided by the outward-expanding baffle, forms a stable airflow enclosure around the stove. The airflow enclosure gradually decreases in the outer region as the jet flow decreases, and combined with the negative pressure induced by the exhaust fan inside the central hole where the fumes are concentrated, a controlled recirculation flow field with cohesive characteristics is formed. This allows the airflow enclosure and negative pressure to couple and form a synergistic flow field, thereby stably gathering and guiding the fumes to the central hole where they are concentrated, avoiding disordered turbulent diffusion of fumes, and significantly improving the efficiency of fume guidance and the stability of the flow field.

[0032] 3. The design of the annular inner chamber and the air-gathering part of the guide plate allows the airflow to enter the narrow opening evenly and be accelerated out, ensuring uniform airflow around the annular air outlet, continuous airflow enclosure distribution, and more stable enclosure effect; the specific tilt angle of the guide plate and the setting of the trumpet-shaped narrow opening further optimize the airflow guidance and enhance the coverage and smoke-gathering effect of the airflow enclosure.

[0033] 4. The device is positioned directly above the stove with reserved operating space, so it does not affect normal cooking operations; the annular shell body and the channel structure design that concentrates oil fumes through the central hole allow oil fumes to be gathered and concentrated, improving extraction efficiency; at the same time, it does not need to rely solely on increasing the extraction air volume to achieve capture, effectively reducing equipment operating noise and energy consumption, and avoiding disturbance to the stove flame.

[0034] 5. The device is compatible with both external and internal ventilation modes. The external ventilation mode can be used with the range hood above, while the internal ventilation mode achieves airflow circulation and purification through the filter module. It has a wide range of applications and a modular structure design, making it flexible and convenient to install and use.

[0035] 6. This oil fume capture method adopts the control logic of "first containment, then flow guidance". Through the construction of near-field capture area, the formation of airflow containment, and the coupling of synergistic flow field, it accurately controls the flow path of oil fumes and greatly improves the overall capture and purification effect of oil fumes. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is an application diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an application side view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the airflow direction in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram showing the airflow direction in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a bottom view of the shell body of the present invention; Figure 6 This invention is in Figure 3 A magnified view of the marked area; Figure 7 This is the control flowchart of the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram, 1. Stove; 2. Fume enclosure assembly; 21. Shell body; 211. Fume collection through central hole; 212. Annular inner chamber; 213. Annular air outlet; 214. Narrow opening; 215. Guide surface; 216. Smoke collection section; 217. Top sealing plate; 218. Air inlet; 22. Detection unit; 3. Fume guide assembly; 31. Exhaust fan; 4. Guide plate; 41. Air collection section; 5. Airflow enclosure; 6. Recirculating flow field; 7. Gas supply assembly; 8. Range hood; 9. Filter module. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the technical solution, purpose, and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0039] Example 1: External circulation smoke exhaust mode (preferred for conventional kitchens) like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 The embodiment shown is a preferred implementation of the oil fume collection device, mainly applicable to conventional household and commercial kitchens equipped with a shared flue or with direct exhaust ventilation. It can be used with various cooking appliances such as gas stoves and electric stoves. The oil fume collection device is installed directly above the stove 1, with sufficient space reserved between the bottom of the device and the cooking surface of the stove 1 for cooking operations. This does not affect the user's normal cooking operations such as stir-frying, adding ingredients, and flipping the pan. At the same time, the device can cover the entire oil fume generating area of ​​the stove 1, achieving oil fume control at the near-field location of the oil fume generation source.

[0040] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the fume collection device consists of two main parts: a fume containment assembly 2 and a fume guide assembly 3. The fume containment assembly 2, as the core structure for fume restraint, includes an annular shell body 21. The radial cross-section of the shell body 21 has a square outline, making it structurally regular and easy to process and assemble. A central fume collection hole 211 is coaxially formed at the center of the shell body 21, forming a regular channel structure that runs vertically through the shell body, used to guide the restrained fume to the upper exhaust path. Inside the shell body 21, surrounding the central fume collection hole 211, is a sealed annular inner chamber 212. The annular inner chamber 212 serves as an airflow stabilization and distribution chamber, capable of circumferentially equalizing and buffering the incoming high-speed airflow, ensuring the uniformity of the circumferentially discharged air. The bottom or outer side of the annular inner chamber 212 is provided with a continuous and uninterrupted annular air outlet 213 along the whole circumference. A high-speed fan is fixedly installed on the side of the shell body 21 as an air supply component 7. The air outlet of the high-speed fan blows air towards the inner side wall of the annular inner chamber 212, so that the airflow is evenly filled into the interior of the annular inner chamber 212 along the circumference, providing a continuous and stable high-pressure air source for the annular air outlet 213.

[0041] like Figure 3 and Figure 6 The annular air outlet 213 shown has an upper edge and a lower edge. The lower edge has an integrally formed guide surface 215 parallel to the guide plate 4. The upper edge is fixedly provided with a guide plate 4 that is continuously distributed around the circumference of the annular air outlet 213 and is outwardly flared. The inner side of the guide plate 4 is inclined outward at an angle of 30°. The 60° angle range allows the jet airflow to form the optimal coverage area and flow field stability. The guide plate 4 and the guide surface 215 at the lower edge of the annular outlet 213 cooperate to form narrow openings 214 with a small spacing and an overall outward-facing angle. These openings 214 are continuously arranged circumferentially and have an outward-spreading funnel shape. When the high-speed airflow exits through the openings 214, it forms an accelerated flow, thus providing the power basis for the formation of the airflow enclosure 5. One end of the guide plate 4 extends outward to the outer side of the annular outlet 213, forming a flared structure. Under the guidance of this structure, the high-speed airflow exiting the openings 214 forms an outward-expanding airflow enclosure 5. Simultaneously, the jet airflow forms an adhering flow along the surface of the guide plate 4, exhibiting a Coanda-like flow characteristic, which helps improve the stability of the airflow enclosure 5 and the concentration and confinement effect on the oil fumes. The other end of the guide plate 4 extends inward to the inner side of the annular inner chamber 212, forming a constricted air-gathering part 41. The air-gathering part 41 can guide, gather, and equalize the airflow blown in by the high-speed fan, so that the airflow enters the narrow opening 214 more smoothly and evenly, effectively eliminating problems such as uneven circumferential airflow and local airflow attenuation in the annular air outlet 213, ensuring that the airflow ejected from the narrow opening 214 forms a hood-shaped airflow enclosure 5 that is continuously distributed circumferentially, forcibly constraining the lateral diffusion of oil fumes at the initial stage of oil fume generation, and preventing oil fumes from escaping into the kitchen space.

[0042] The fume guiding component 3 is integrated into the inner area of ​​the central hole 211 through which the fumes are concentrated. Its core includes an exhaust fan 31, which is configured for upward directional exhaust. During operation, it forms a stable negative pressure suction area within the inner area of ​​the airflow enclosure 5. This negative pressure area couples with the outer hood-shaped airflow enclosure 5, forming a controlled recirculation flow field 6 in the near-field capture space above the cooktop 1. This effectively avoids the disordered turbulence and secondary diffusion of fumes caused by the free recirculation of high-speed airflow. Furthermore, the high-speed airflow ejected from the narrow opening 214 is guided along the guide plate 4 to form an outwardly and downwardly extending airflow enclosure 5. As the airflow enclosure 5 approaches the outer area, its jet volume gradually decreases. Under the negative pressure induced by the fume guiding component 3, its terminal area forms an inward recirculation flow trend, thereby forming a controlled recirculation flow field 6 with cohesive characteristics within the near-field capture area. Under the combined action of negative pressure traction and controlled rewind flow field 6, the oil fumes constrained by the airflow enclosure 5 are stably guided upwards and precisely converge into the oil fume concentration passage central hole 211. A smoke collection section 216 is also provided at the outlet of the oil fume concentration passage central hole 211 to further collect and guide the upward-flowing oil fumes, further increasing the concentration of oil fumes entering the upper exhaust path and preventing the oil fumes from diffusing and escaping at the outlet.

[0043] like Figure 3The embodiment shown adopts an external circulation exhaust mode. A conventional kitchen range hood 8 is installed directly above the fume collection device. The range hood 8 and the device form a collaborative working system of near-field confinement and far-field extraction. The fumes, which are directed upwards, are first initially gathered and guided by the airflow enclosure 5 and the rewind flow field 6 of the device, and then efficiently captured by the range hood 8 above and transported to the outside or a public flue through the exhaust pipe, achieving complete exhaust of the fumes.

[0044] like Figures 1-7 The diagram illustrates the intelligence level and operational adaptability of the enhancement device. This embodiment also integrates an intelligent control module. This intelligent control module mainly consists of a detection unit 22, a control module, an air supply execution unit, and a suction execution unit. The detection unit 22 uses a PM5003 laser particulate sensor, which is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the main body 21. It can continuously collect the concentration of oil fume particles in the area above the stove in real time and output a real-time concentration detection signal in μg / m³, achieving accurate quantitative monitoring of oil fume concentration.

[0045] In this embodiment, the control module uses an STM32 microcontroller as the core control chip. The microcontroller has a preset intelligent control logic program pre-stored and embedded inside. The control module receives the oil fume concentration signal transmitted by the detection unit 22 in real time, and performs multi-level dynamic coordinated adjustment of the power of the air supply fan and the power of the exhaust fan 31 of the suction execution unit according to the different oil fume concentration values, so as to realize the automatic matching and switching of the equipment's working level.

[0046] The specific gear control logic is set to three working levels: when the detected oil fume particulate matter concentration C is less than 100 μg / m³, the equipment operates in low-level working mode, at which time the air supply fan outputs 30% of its rated power and the exhaust fan 31 outputs 40% of its rated power; when the detected oil fume particulate matter concentration meets the condition 100 μg / m³ ≤ C < 300 μg / m³, the equipment switches to medium-level working mode, with the air supply fan operating at 60% of its rated power and the exhaust fan 31 operating at 70% of its rated power; when the detected oil fume particulate matter concentration C is greater than or equal to 300 μg / m³, the equipment switches to high-level working mode, with the air supply fan operating at 90% of its rated power and the exhaust fan 31 operating at 100% of its rated power in full-load coordinated operation.

[0047] To avoid frequent gear shifts and unstable operation caused by small fluctuations in fume concentration, this control logic incorporates a hysteresis threshold strategy and a minimum operating time mechanism. Specifically, differentiated gear shift thresholds are set: the shift threshold from low to medium is set to 100 μg / m³, while the shift threshold from medium to low is set to 80 μg / m³. This hysteresis range effectively eliminates frequent switching caused by minor concentration disturbances. Furthermore, this solution sets a minimum gear holding time of 2 minutes. Once the equipment triggers a shift up, this gear state must be maintained for at least 2 minutes. Before the minimum holding time expires, the control module does not respond to shift down commands due to concentration drops, further ensuring stable operation of the fume collection device, improving the coupling stability of the airflow enclosure and fume extraction flow field, and continuously maintaining the coverage, constraint, and efficient collection and discharge of the fume area. When a rapid increase in oil fume concentration is detected, or when the stove is in a high-oil-fume condition such as stir-frying, the control module automatically increases the air supply and suction power, strengthens the airflow enclosure 5 and negative pressure traction, and copes with the instantaneous oil fume peak. When the oil fume concentration decreases to a low-oil-fume condition, the control module automatically lowers the operating level, reducing equipment operating noise and energy consumption while ensuring the oil fume capture effect, and at the same time avoiding high-speed airflow from disturbing the flame of the stove 1, thus ensuring cooking safety and user experience.

[0048] This embodiment achieves forward capture of oil fumes by synergistically combining near-field airflow enclosure 5 and central negative pressure guidance, thus suppressing the spread of oil fumes at the source. It can achieve efficient oil fume capture without relying on simply increasing the exhaust volume. It has advantages such as high capture efficiency, low operating noise, low energy consumption, no disturbance to the flame, and strong adaptability, and fully meets the oil fume purification needs of conventional kitchens.

[0049] Example 2: Internal Circulation Smoke Exhaust Mode like Figure 4 The main structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that it adopts an internal circulation smoke exhaust mode, which is suitable for use scenarios where there is no public flue and smoke cannot be exhausted to the outside. The top of the shell body 21 is provided with an upper sealing plate 217, which completely seals the outlet of the oil fume concentrated through the central hole 211, blocking the path of smoke exhaust to the outside. A filter module 9 is installed near the inlet of the oil fume concentrated through the central hole 211. The filter module 9 includes an oil screen and a filter element, which can realize oil mist separation and odor purification; an air inlet 218 connected to the annular inner cavity 212 is opened on the inner wall of the central hole near the outlet. When the device is working, the exhaust fan 31 exhausts air upwards. The oil fumes flow upwards under the constraint of the airflow enclosure 5 and the negative pressure traction and pass through the filter module 9 to complete the purification. The purified airflow flows back to the annular inner chamber 212 through the air inlet 218, and then is ejected at high speed through the narrow opening 214 to form a continuous airflow enclosure 5, realizing the closed-loop utilization of airflow inside the device. There is no need for external exhaust pipes and external range hoods 8. The structure is compact, energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0050] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. At the same time, the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this invention have been shown and described above, which should be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A fume collection device, positioned directly above a stove (1) with an operating space reserved between it and the stove (1), characterized in that, This fume collection device includes an oil fume containment assembly (2) and an oil fume diversion assembly (3). The fume containment assembly (2) includes a shell body (21), with a central hole (211) for fume concentration at the center of the shell body (21). The shell body (21) has an annular inner chamber (212) surrounding the central hole (211). An annular air outlet (213) is provided at the bottom or outer side of the annular inner chamber (212) along its circumference. The annular inner chamber (212) is connected to an air supply assembly (7) for supplying air to the annular inner chamber (212) so that the annular air outlet (213) blows out a high-speed airflow. The annular air outlet (213) has an upper edge and a lower edge. A guide plate (4) is provided at the upper edge, which is distributed circumferentially around the annular air outlet (213) and is outwardly oriented. A narrow opening (214) with a small gap is formed between the guide plate (4) and the lower edge of the annular air outlet (213) and is oriented obliquely outward, so as to make the high-speed airflow blown out form a hood-shaped airflow enclosure (5) to limit the diffusion of oil fumes. The fume guiding component (3) is located inside the central hole (211) through which the fume is concentrated. The fume guiding component (3) includes an exhaust fan (31). The exhaust fan (31) is configured to exhaust air upwards to create a negative pressure inside the airflow enclosure (5) to guide the fume to flow upwards and to guide the airflow enclosure (5) to form a rewind flow field (6).

2. The oil fume collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower edge of the annular air outlet (213) has a guide surface (215) parallel to the guide plate (4), and the narrow opening (214) formed by the guide surface (215) and the guide plate (4) is in the shape of an outwardly expanding funnel.

3. The oil fume collection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner side of the guide plate (4) is tilted outward at an angle of 30°-60°.

4. The oil fume collection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, One end of the guide plate (4) is set outside the annular air outlet (213) to form an outwardly expanding guide structure. After the airflow ejected from the narrow opening (214) is guided by the guide plate (4), it forms a stable outwardly expanding airflow enclosure area, which is more conducive to restricting the spread of oil fumes to the outside.

5. The oil fume collection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The other end of the guide plate (4) extends inward to the inner side of the annular inner chamber (212) to form a constricted air-gathering part (41). The air supply component (7) can blow air toward the inner side wall of the annular inner chamber (212) to make the airflow entering the narrow opening (214) more uniform in the circumferential direction. The air-gathering part (41) is used to guide, buffer and equalize the airflow before entering the narrow opening (214) to reduce the uneven jet phenomenon caused by excessive local airflow concentration.

6. An oil fume collection device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The shell body (21) has an annular structure and its radial cross-section has a square outline, so that the oil fumes are concentrated and pass through the central hole (211) to form a channel structure, ensuring that the oil fumes are gathered and concentrated to pass through.

7. The oil fume collection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The oil fumes are concentrated at the outlet position of the central hole (211) and a smoke collection part (216) is provided to guide the oil fumes.

8. The oil fume collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the collection device is an external circulation exhaust device, a range hood (8) is installed above the collection device, and the air supply component (7) is a fan. The side of the fan is mounted on the housing body (21) and is configured to blow air into the housing body (21).

9. The oil fume collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the collection device is an internal circulation exhaust device, the top of the shell body (21) is provided with an upper sealing plate (217) that concentrates the oil fumes through the central hole (211) and seals them. The air supply component (7) is an oil fume guide component (3). The oil fume concentrates through the central hole (211) and has an air inlet (218) on the inner wall near the outlet that communicates with the annular inner chamber (212). The oil fume concentrates through the central hole (211) and has a filter module (9) near the inlet. After the airflow is filtered by the filter module (9), it enters the annular inner chamber (212) from the air inlet (218) and finally sprays out from the narrow opening (214).

10. A method for collecting oily fumes, using the oily fume collecting device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. A near-field fume collection area is pre-formed directly above the cooking stove (1), and the near-field fume collection area is set in the core area of ​​the cooking fume production area of ​​the stove (1). S2. By continuously injecting directional airflow through the narrow opening (214) arranged around the periphery of the near-field fume collection area, a circumferentially continuous airflow enclosure (5) is constructed around the periphery of the near-field fume collection area. S3. Radial deflection and guidance treatment is applied to the airflow ejected from the narrow opening (214) so ​​that the airflow extends to the outside and below of the stove (1) to realize the expansion of the outer perimeter of the airflow enclosure (5) and form an enclosure constraint on the near-field fume collection area. S4. Control the airflow direction of the airflow enclosure (5) so that it can cooperate with the negative pressure suction formed by the fume guide assembly (3) in the near-field fume collection area to form a cooperative flow field. S5. The cooking fumes are constrained by the continuous surrounding airflow barrier (5), preventing the fumes from spreading and escaping to the surroundings. The restricted fumes are stably guided to the central hole (211) by the airflow traction force of the coordinated flow field, and finally discharged or purified by the range hood (8).

11. An intelligent control module for an oil fume collection device, characterized in that, include: The detection unit (22) is used to acquire oil fume-related detection signals; The control module is configured to receive the detection signal output by the detection unit (22) and generate control commands based on preset control logic; An air supply execution unit is used to respond to the control command and adjust the air flow in the air supply path to form an airflow enclosure. as well as A suction execution unit is used to respond to the control command and adjust the suction state of the upper channel; The control module performs multi-level dynamic coordinated adjustment of the airflow state in the air supply path and the suction state in the suction path based on the changes in the detection signal, so that the airflow enclosure area is matched with the oil fume suction process.

12. The intelligent control module of the oil fume collection device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The control module is configured with at least three working levels, each level corresponding to a different combination of air supply and suction intensity.

13. The intelligent control module of the oil fume collection device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The control module is equipped with a hysteresis threshold and a minimum hold time for gear switching to avoid frequent switching of working states due to small fluctuations in oil fume concentration.

14. The intelligent control module of the oil fume collection device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The detection unit (22) is a laser particulate sensor, which is used to detect the concentration of oil fume particulate matter in real time and output the corresponding concentration signal.

15. The intelligent control module of the oil fume collection device according to any one of claims 11-14, characterized in that, The control module uses a microcontroller, which stores a preset control logic program that defines the mapping relationship between the oil fume concentration signal and the fan power level.

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