Passive evaporative cooling and phase change energy storage collaborative composite wall system

Abstract

The application discloses a passive evaporative cooling and phase change energy storage collaborative composite wall system, and relates to the technical field of building energy saving. The wall comprises, from outside to inside, an outer decorative surface ventilation layer composed of bamboo woven boards with air gaps, an evaporative cooling core layer which is an air cavity layer and is internally provided with a capillary water absorbing fabric core body, the bottom of the core body being immersed in a water tank arranged along the bottom of the wall and being wetted from bottom to top by capillary action, and a phase change cold storage layer arranged on the inner side of the evaporative cooling core layer and closely attached to the evaporative cooling core layer. The application realizes the spatial separation and functional cooperation of "external evaporative heat dissipation" and "internal phase change cold storage" in the dry column building wall. The outer layer evaporative cooling continuously creates low temperature boundary conditions for the inner layer phase change material, the inner layer phase change material keeps solid state cold storage during the whole day and actively solidifies and releases cold at night, thus solving the dilemma of poor night effect of single evaporative cooling wall and easy overheating of single phase change wall during the day.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building energy conservation technology, specifically to a composite wall system that combines passive evaporative cooling and phase change energy storage. Background Technology

[0002] Stilt houses (also known as log cabins) are a traditional form of dwelling adapted to hot and humid climates, widely distributed in northern Guangxi, southeastern Guizhou, western Hunan, southern Yunnan, and Southeast Asia. Their elevated ground floor, lightweight wooden structure, and deep eaves are adaptive responses to the local hot and humid climate.

[0003] However, the exterior walls of traditional stilt houses are mostly single-layered fir plank or bamboo-woven mud walls, 2040mm thick, with a thermal resistance of only about 0.25m²·K / W. Strong solar radiation in summer leads to overheating indoors, and heat dissipates rapidly in winter, resulting in extremely low living comfort. Furthermore, there is a lack of efficient heat dissipation mechanisms in summer: the ventilation effect of the raised floor mainly acts on the bottom floor slab, contributing little to cooling the exterior walls and interior spaces. During windless or high-temperature periods, the interior becomes like an oven. There is also a lack of continuous cooling capacity at night: traditional stilt houses rely mainly on window ventilation for nighttime cooling; if there is calm wind outdoors or the nighttime temperature is high, residual heat from the walls cannot be dissipated in time, affecting the indoor thermal environment the next day. Moreover, existing thermal environment improvement measures for stilt houses mostly rely on active air conditioning equipment, increasing operating energy consumption and costs, and damaging the traditional architectural style. Among existing passive renovation technologies, schemes relying solely on evaporative cooling show significant attenuation at night and during calm wind periods; schemes relying solely on phase change materials are prone to premature melting during extremely hot daytime periods, losing subsequent cooling capacity.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a passive composite wall system that spatially separates the "heat dissipation" and "cold storage" functions, allowing each to operate independently and efficiently, while also being lighter in weight, more compatible with the lightweight timber structure system of stilt houses, and made from more readily available materials. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a composite wall system that combines passive evaporative cooling and phase change energy storage to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A passive evaporative cooling and phase change energy storage synergistic composite wall system comprises, from the outside to the inside: an exterior ventilated layer composed of bamboo woven panels with breathable gaps; an evaporative cooling core layer, which is an air cavity layer containing a capillary absorbent fabric core, the bottom of which is immersed in a water tank arranged along the bottom of the wall, and wetted from bottom to top by capillary action; a phase change energy storage layer disposed inside the evaporative cooling core layer and tightly bonded to it, the phase change energy storage layer containing a phase change material; and an interior veneer layer disposed inside the phase change energy storage layer; the evaporative cooling core layer has an exhaust vent at the top and an air inlet at the bottom, both of which are connected to the outdoor atmosphere and can be adjusted to open and close.

[0007] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the core of the capillary absorbent fabric is ramie fiber felt with a thickness of 10-20mm and a specific surface area ≥300m² / m³.

[0008] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the water tank is arranged along the entire length of the wall and is made of PVC half-pipe or bamboo tube. A float valve is installed in the tank to automatically control the water level. The float valve is connected to the high-level water tank of the roof rainwater collection system through a gravity flow pipeline.

[0009] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the phase change cold storage layer is a lightweight bamboo board impregnated with phase change microcapsules, with a phase change temperature range of 24-28℃, a phase change latent heat ≥120kJ / kg, and a single board surface density ≤15kg / m².

[0010] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the inner side of the phase change cold storage layer is provided with vertical heat dissipation fins, and the upper and lower parts of the interior finishing layer are provided with horizontal ventilation slits, forming a natural convection loop with the heat dissipation fins and the interior space.

[0011] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the air inlet is connected to the ventilation path of the building's open space, introducing air from the lower part of the open space; a detachable movable baffle is provided around the open space, which is removed in summer to enhance ventilation and installed in winter for sealing and insulation.

[0012] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the exterior ventilation layer, evaporative cooling core layer, phase change cold storage layer and interior finish layer are all prefabricated as standardized modules, which are hung between the original wooden columns of the stilt house by vertical wooden keel. Flexible sealing strips are embedded in the joints of adjacent modules, and installation and disassembly are all done manually.

[0013] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: a water trough is provided on the top of the stilt house, and multiple sets of water troughs are evenly distributed along the roof of the stilt house; a water collection trough is provided at the edge of the eaves of the stilt house; a rainwater collection pipe is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the water collection trough; a rainwater filter is connected to the lower end of the rainwater collection pipe; a filter plate is provided on the inner wall of the rainwater filter; a connecting pipe is provided at one end of the inner cavity of the rainwater filter; and the end of the connecting pipe is connected to the interior of the elevated water tank.

[0014] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the exterior ventilation layer adopts a wooden grille, with a ventilation area accounting for 30%-50%.

[0015] A further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention is that it includes: During the summer daytime: Open the air inlet and exhaust outlet. Outdoor air is introduced into the evaporative cooling core layer through the air inlet and the air inlet. The wet capillary absorbent fabric core is cooled by evaporation, which cools the outer surface of the phase change cold storage layer, so that the phase change material can maintain solid cold storage. Heat and water vapor are discharged to the outside through the exhaust outlet with the airflow. Summer nights: Keep the air inlet and outlet open, and introduce outdoor cold air to continue cooling the phase change cold storage layer. The phase change material solidifies and releases cold, and natural convection through the ventilation gaps and heat dissipation fins of the interior finishing layer provides cooling for the room. Winter: Close the air inlet and outlet and drain the water tank and the moisture in the capillary absorbent fabric core, so that the evaporative cooling core layer forms a static air insulation layer, and the phase change cold storage layer absorbs solar radiation heat during the day and stores heat, and condenses and releases heat at night to provide indoor heating.

[0016] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the technical progress achieved by this invention compared to the prior art is as follows: This invention provides a composite wall system that combines passive evaporative cooling and phase change energy storage, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. Achieving spatial separation and functional synergy between "external evaporative heat dissipation" and "internal phase change cooling" in the walls of stilt houses. The outer layer of evaporative cooling continuously creates low-temperature boundary conditions for the inner layer of phase change material. The inner layer of phase change material maintains solid-state cooling storage throughout the day and actively condenses and releases cooling at night, solving the dilemma of poor nighttime performance of a single evaporative cooling wall and easy overheating of a single phase change wall during the day.

[0017] 2. Enhanced nighttime cooling capacity: By using phase change materials to condense and release cold at night, and utilizing natural indoor air convection to gradually release the cooling capacity, the duration of cooling is significantly extended compared to pure heat dissipation solutions.

[0018] 3. Lightweight assembly, compatible with timber structures: All materials are lightweight (fabric core, phase change microcapsule lightweight board, bamboo and wood panels), reducing the overall surface density of the wall by more than 60% compared to traditional rammed earth walls or block walls. The panel-type assembly structure does not change the original wooden column load-bearing system of the stilt house, and individual modules can be manually assembled and disassembled, making it suitable for areas with inconvenient transportation.

[0019] 4. Complete Preservation of Style: The exterior uses traditional bamboo weaving or wooden lattice panels, while the interior retains cedar wood or bamboo mat cladding, fully integrating the traditional style of stilt houses. The seasonal dismantling and installation of the raised floor panels continues the traditional construction wisdom of stilt houses, where the ground floor changes with the seasons.

[0020] 5. Zero-energy, fully passive operation: The system has no water pumps, no fans, and consumes no electricity. Capillary water supply, gravity flow, chimney effect exhaust, and natural convection heat transfer all rely on natural driving forces.

[0021] 6. Localized materials and low cost: Modified ramie or bamboo fiber can be used to replace industrial products for the fabric core; phase change microcapsule impregnation panels can be processed from local lightweight boards; and the exterior finish can be woven by local artisans. No special industrial products are required for the core materials, resulting in low construction and maintenance costs.

[0022] 7. Anti-condensation design: The moisture generated by evaporative cooling is located outside the chamber and is continuously discharged with the airflow of the chimney. It does not come into contact with the inside of the phase change cold storage layer or the indoor air, thus preventing indoor humidification or condensation inside the walls. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a bottom-view structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the elevated water tank and rainwater collection structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rainwater filter structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the wall structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the wall in its disassembled state according to the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another side of the wall structure in its disassembled state according to the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the evaporative cooling core layer of the present invention; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Exterior vegetated surface layer; 2. Evaporative cooling core layer; 3. Phase change cold storage layer; 4. Interior vegetated surface layer; 5. Existing wooden column; 21. Core; 22. Water tank; 23. Exhaust vent; 24. Air inlet; 25. Float valve; 31. Heat dissipation fins; 41. Ventilation seam; 51. Vertical wooden joists; 52. Flexible sealing strip; 53. Water trough; 54. Water collection trough; 61. Elevated water tank; 62. Gravity flow pipeline; 63. Connecting pipe; 64. Rainwater filter; 65. Filter plate; 66. Rainwater collection pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments: Example 1, as Figures 1-9 As shown, this invention provides a passive evaporative cooling and phase change energy storage synergistic composite wall system. The wall, from the outside to the inside, includes: an exterior ventilated layer 1, made of bamboo woven board with breathable gaps; an evaporative cooling core layer 2, which is an air cavity layer with a capillary absorbent fabric core 21 inside. The bottom of the core 21 is immersed in a water tank 22 arranged along the bottom of the wall, and is wetted from bottom to top by capillary action; a phase change energy storage layer 3, which is set inside the evaporative cooling core layer 2 and the two are tightly attached. The phase change energy storage layer 3 contains a phase change material; an interior veneer layer 4, which is set inside the phase change energy storage layer 3; the evaporative cooling core layer 2 has an exhaust vent 23 at the top and an air inlet vent 24 at the bottom, both of which are connected to the outdoor atmosphere and can be adjusted to open and close.

[0026] It should be noted that: The exterior ventilation layer is made using local bamboo weaving techniques, with approximately 40% of the surface area being breathable gaps. The module size is 600mm × 2400mm, and it is reinforced with a 30mm × 40mm fir wood frame. The evaporative cooling core module is constructed with a 40mm × 60mm fir wood frame, creating a cavity with a thickness of 60mm, a width of 600mm, and a height of 2400mm. Two layers of ramie fiber felt (each 10mm thick, spaced 25mm apart) are fixed centrally within the frame. Ventilation openings are provided at the top and bottom of the frame. The phase change cooling layer is made of custom-made lightweight bamboo-board impregnated with paraffin-based phase change microcapsules (phase change temperature 26℃, latent heat 140kJ / kg), 15mm thick, with a surface density of 12kg / m². Vertically arranged 5mm thick bamboo heat dissipation fins are attached to the inner side of the board, spaced 150mm apart. Interior finishing layer: The original old cedar planks are retained, planed and heat-modified to a thickness of 28mm. The exterior ventilation layer 1 serves as the outermost layer of the wall, protecting the internal structure while allowing air circulation. The evaporative cooling core layer 2 provides space for air circulation and evaporative cooling. The capillary absorbent fabric core 21 transports moisture through capillary action, providing a medium for evaporative cooling. The water tank 22 stores water and continuously supplies water to the capillary absorbent fabric core. The phase change cold storage layer 3 uses the latent heat of phase change to store and release cold energy to regulate the indoor temperature. The interior finishing layer 4 serves as the inner decorative surface of the wall, providing a smooth and beautiful interior interface. The exhaust vent 23 is used to exhaust the hot and humid air in the evaporative cooling core layer. The air inlet 24 is used to introduce fresh outdoor air, forming a natural ventilation loop.

[0027] In this embodiment, by organically combining passive evaporative cooling technology with phase change energy storage technology, and utilizing the synergistic effect of water evaporation heat absorption and latent heat storage of phase change materials, energy-free passive cooling of the interior of stilt houses is achieved, fundamentally improving the problem of insufficient heat insulation and cold storage capacity of traditional stilt houses in summer.

[0028] Example 2, as Figures 1-9As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: Preferably, the capillary absorbent fabric core 21 is ramie fiber felt with a thickness of 10-20mm and a specific surface area ≥300m² / m³. The water tank 22 is arranged along the entire length of the wall and is made of PVC half-pipes or bamboo tubes. A float valve 25 is installed in the tank to automatically control the water level. The float valve is connected to the high-level water tank 61 of the roof rainwater collection system through a gravity flow pipe 62. The phase change cold storage layer 3 is a phase change micro... The lightweight bamboo and wood panels impregnated with capsules have a phase change temperature range of 24-28℃, a latent heat of phase change ≥120kJ / kg, and a single-panel surface density ≤15kg / m². The inner surface of the phase change cold storage layer 3 is equipped with vertical heat dissipation fins 31. Horizontal ventilation seams 41 are provided at the top and bottom of the interior finishing layer 4, forming a natural convection loop with the heat dissipation fins 31 and the interior space. The air inlet 24 is connected to the ventilation path of the building's elevated floor, introducing air from the lower part of the elevated floor. The perimeter of the elevated floor is equipped with… The removable baffles can be removed in summer to enhance ventilation and installed in winter for insulation. The exterior ventilation layer 1, evaporative cooling core layer 2, phase change cold storage layer 3, and interior finish layer 4 are all prefabricated as standardized modules, which are hung between the original wooden columns 5 of the stilt house through vertical wooden joists 51. Flexible sealing strips 52 are embedded in the joints of adjacent modules. Installation and disassembly are all done manually. The top of the stilt house is equipped with a water trough 53, which is evenly distributed in multiple sets along the roof of the stilt house. A water collection trough 54 is set at the edge of the eaves of the stilt house. A rainwater collection pipe 66 is set at the bottom of the inner cavity of the water collection trough 54. The lower end of the rainwater collection pipe 66 is connected to a rainwater filter 64. A filter plate 65 is set on the inner wall of the rainwater filter 64. A connecting pipe 63 is set at one end of the inner cavity of the rainwater filter 64. The end of the connecting pipe 63 is connected to the interior of the high-level water tank 61. The exterior ventilation layer 1 uses wooden grating, with a ventilation area of ​​30%-50%.

[0029] It should be noted that: vertical wooden joists (60mm×40mm fir wood squares) are fixed to the outside of the original wooden pillars, without the need for metal bolts to penetrate, and each layer of modules is hung sequentially. A 5mm thick felt sealing strip is embedded in the joints between adjacent modules. The exterior ventilation layer is connected to the wooden joists using traditional wooden dowels or concealed hooks, resulting in a complete bamboo woven facade. A 200L ceramic elevated water tank is installed on the crossbeams of the elevated floor, collecting rainwater through the roof gutters. The water supply pipeline runs along the inner side of the wooden pillar to a water tank at the bottom of the wall. The water tank is made of PVC half-pipes and has a small float valve inside. Ramie fiber felt has excellent capillary water absorption and air permeability, resulting in high evaporation efficiency. The float valve 25 automatically controls the water level in the water tank, keeping the capillary absorbent fabric core continuously moist. The elevated water tank 61 stores rainwater to provide a water source for the evaporative cooling system. The gravity-fed pipeline 62 transports water from the elevated water tank to the water tank by gravity, requiring no additional power. The phase change microcapsule impregnation of lightweight bamboo board combines phase change materials with traditional bamboo, possessing both cold storage capacity and structural strength. The vertical heat dissipation fins 31 increase the contact area between the phase change cold storage layer and the air, enhancing the heat exchange effect. The horizontal ventilation seam 41 allows indoor ventilation to continue. Air undergoes convective heat exchange with the surface of the phase change cold storage layer; removable baffles adjust the ventilation of the elevated layer according to the season; vertical wooden joists 51 provide installation support for the modular walls; the original wooden columns 5 are the original structure of the stilt house and do not need to be damaged; flexible sealing strips 52 seal the joints of the modules to prevent air leakage; a drainage channel 53 guides rainwater from the roof into a collection trough; the collection trough 54 collects rainwater from the roof; a rainwater collection pipe 66 transports the rainwater in the collection trough to a rainwater filter; the rainwater filter 64 filters impurities in the rainwater; a filter plate 65 intercepts mud, sand, and debris in the rainwater; a connecting pipe 63 transports the filtered rainwater to an elevated water tank; the wooden grating uses local traditional materials, which are coordinated and unified with the stilt house architectural style.

[0030] In this embodiment, by using locally abundant ramie, bamboo, and other native materials, construction costs are reduced while maintaining the traditional architectural style. An integrated roof rainwater collection system achieves self-sufficiency in evaporative cooling water, eliminating the need for an external water source. The natural convection loop formed by vertical heat dissipation fins and horizontal ventilation seams significantly improves the cooling efficiency of the phase change cold storage layer. The modular, hook-and-loop installation structure achieves zero damage to the original stilt house wooden structure system, facilitating easy installation and disassembly, maintenance, and replacement, making it highly suitable for energy-saving renovations of traditional stilt houses.

[0031] Example 3, as Figures 1-9As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: Preferably, during the summer daytime: the air inlet 24 and the exhaust vent 23 are opened, and outdoor air is introduced into the evaporative cooling core layer 2 through the overhead layer and the air inlet. The air flowing through the wetted capillary absorbent fabric core 21 is evaporated and cooled, cooling the outer surface of the phase change cold storage layer 3, so that the phase change material remains in a solid state for cold storage. Heat and water vapor are discharged to the outside through the exhaust vent 23 with the airflow. During the summer nighttime: the air inlet 24 and the exhaust vent 23 are kept open, and outdoor cold air is introduced to continue cooling the phase change cold storage layer 3. The phase change material solidifies and releases heat, and natural convection through the ventilation seam 41 and heat dissipation fins 31 of the indoor decorative layer 4 provides indoor cooling. During the winter: the air inlet 24 and the exhaust vent 23 are closed and the water tank 22 and the water in the capillary absorbent fabric core 21 are drained, so that the evaporative cooling core layer 2 forms a static air insulation layer. The phase change cold storage layer 3 absorbs solar radiation heat during the day and solidifies and releases heat at night to provide indoor heating.

[0032] It should be noted that: the daytime operation mode in summer uses evaporative cooling to lower the temperature of the phase change cold storage layer, while blocking outdoor heat from entering the room; the nighttime operation mode in summer uses the cold air at night to cool the phase change cold storage layer, causing it to condense and store cold, and release the cold energy into the room; the winter operation mode transforms the evaporative cooling core layer into an air insulation layer, while utilizing the heat storage and release characteristics of the phase change material to achieve indoor heat preservation and heating.

[0033] In this embodiment, by formulating an adaptive thermal environment control strategy that varies by season and time period, the system achieves year-round zero-energy operation: in summer, the indoor temperature is reduced by the synergistic effect of evaporative cooling and phase change cold storage; in winter, the heat preservation and heating are achieved by using a static air layer and phase change heat storage. No electricity or fossil fuels are required, and the system relies entirely on natural energy sources such as solar and wind power. This significantly improves indoor thermal comfort while achieving zero-carbon operation of the building.

[0034] The working principle of this passive evaporative cooling and phase change energy storage synergistic composite wall system will be explained in detail below.

[0035] like Figures 1-9 As shown, the rainwater harvesting and water supply process During rainfall, rainwater from the roof is collected in the roof gutters 53 and then in the eaves collection troughs 54. It then flows through the rainwater collection pipe 66 into the rainwater filter 64. After being filtered by the filter plate 65 to remove sediment and debris, the rainwater flows through the connecting pipe 63 into the elevated water tank 61 for storage. The water in the elevated water tank 61 is transported to the water troughs 22 at the bottom of each wall via gravity-fed pipes 62. A float valve 25 automatically controls the water level in the water troughs 22, automatically replenishing water when the level drops. This ensures that the bottom of the capillary absorbent fabric core 21 is always submerged in water, relying on capillary action to transport water from bottom to top to the entire surface of the core, providing a continuous and stable water source for evaporative cooling.

[0036] Summer operation process Summer Daytime: Remove the removable baffles around the outer perimeter of the stilt house and open the air inlet 24 and exhaust vent 23. Hot outdoor air first enters the stilt house's ground floor and is then introduced into the evaporative cooling core layer 2 through the air inlet 24. As the air flows over the surface of the moistened ramie fiber felt, the moisture evaporates, absorbing a large amount of latent heat and lowering the air temperature by 3-5°C. The cooled air then flows over the outer surface of the phase change cooling layer 3, maintaining its temperature below the phase change temperature, keeping the phase change material solid and storing cold energy. Simultaneously, the water vapor generated by evaporation and the absorbed heat are exhausted outdoors through the exhaust vent 23 with the hot airflow. At this time, the phase change cooling layer 3 acts as a cold barrier, effectively preventing outdoor heat from transferring indoors and maintaining the indoor temperature within a comfortable range of 26-28°C.

[0037] Summer nighttime: As outdoor temperatures drop, air inlets 24 and exhaust vents 23 remain open. At night, cold air enters the evaporative cooling core layer 2, continuing to cool the phase change energy storage layer 3. When the temperature of the phase change energy storage layer 3 falls below the phase change temperature, the phase change material begins to solidify, releasing stored latent heat. The released cooling energy is enhanced through heat exchange via the vertical heat dissipation fins 31 on the inner side of the phase change energy storage layer 3, and naturally convections with indoor air entering through the horizontal ventilation seams 41 of the interior finishing layer 4, evenly releasing the cooling energy into the room. This maintains the indoor temperature at 24-26℃ at night, providing residents with a comfortable sleeping environment.

[0038] Winter operation process In winter, removable baffles are installed around the elevated floor to seal it off. Air inlets 24 and outlets 23 are closed, and water in the water tank 22 and the capillary absorbent fabric core 21 is drained. At this time, the air inside the evaporative cooling core layer 2 is static, forming an air insulation layer with a thermal resistance of approximately 0.5 (m²・K) / W, effectively preventing heat loss from the room. During the day, solar radiation shines through the wooden grille of the exterior ventilation layer 1 onto the phase change heat storage layer 3. The phase change material absorbs solar radiation heat and melts, storing the heat. At night, when the indoor temperature drops, the phase change material solidifies and releases heat, which is released into the room through the vertical heat dissipation fins 31 and horizontal ventilation seams 41, maintaining a stable indoor temperature of 18-20℃, thus achieving passive heating.

[0039] The system automatically switches operating modes throughout the year based on seasonal and diurnal temperature variations, requiring no manual intervention or additional energy consumption. While preserving the traditional stilt house architectural style, it significantly improves indoor thermal comfort and substantially reduces building operating energy consumption.

[0040] The present invention has been described in detail above. However, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, any modifications or improvements that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite wall system combining passive evaporative cooling and phase change energy storage, characterized in that: The wall, from the outside to the inside, includes: The exterior ventilation layer (1) is made of bamboo woven board with breathable gaps; The evaporative cooling core layer (2) is an air cavity layer, and a capillary absorbent fabric core (21) is provided inside it. The bottom of the core (21) is immersed in a water tank (22) arranged along the bottom of the wall, and is wetted from bottom to top by capillary action. A phase change cold storage layer (3) is disposed inside the evaporative cooling core layer (2) and the two are tightly bonded together. The phase change cold storage layer (3) contains a phase change material. The interior finishing layer (4) is located inside the phase change cold storage layer (3); The evaporative cooling core layer (2) is provided with an exhaust port (23) at the top and an air inlet (24) at the bottom, both of which are connected to the outdoor atmosphere and can be adjusted to open and close.

2. The passive evaporative cooling and phase change energy storage synergistic composite wall system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capillary absorbent fabric core (21) is ramie fiber felt with a thickness of 10-20 mm and a specific surface area of ​​≥300 m² / m³.

3. The passive evaporative cooling and phase change energy storage synergistic composite wall system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water tank (22) is arranged along the wall and is made of PVC half pipe or bamboo tube. A float valve (25) is installed in the tank to automatically control the water level. The float valve is connected to the high-level water tank (61) of the roof rainwater collection system through gravity flow pipe (62).

4. The passive evaporative cooling and phase change energy storage synergistic composite wall system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase change cold storage layer (3) is a lightweight bamboo board impregnated with phase change microcapsules, with a phase change temperature range of 24-28℃, a phase change latent heat ≥120kJ / kg, and a single board surface density ≤15kg / m².

5. The passive evaporative cooling and phase change energy storage synergistic composite wall system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the phase change cold storage layer (3) is provided with vertical heat dissipation fins (31), and the upper and lower parts of the interior finishing layer (4) are provided with horizontal ventilation seams (41), forming a natural convection loop with the heat dissipation fins (31) and the interior space.

6. The passive evaporative cooling and phase change energy storage synergistic composite wall system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet (24) is connected to the ventilation path of the building's open space, introducing air from the lower part of the open space; the outer perimeter of the open space is provided with a detachable movable baffle, which is removed in summer to enhance ventilation and installed in winter for sealing and insulation.

7. The passive evaporative cooling and phase change energy storage synergistic composite wall system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exterior ventilation layer (1), evaporative cooling core layer (2), phase change cold storage layer (3), and interior finish layer (4) are all prefabricated as standardized modules, which are hung between the original wooden columns (5) of the stilt house by vertical wooden keel (51). Flexible sealing strips (52) are embedded in the joints of adjacent modules. Installation and disassembly are all done manually.

8. The passive evaporative cooling and phase change energy storage synergistic composite wall system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The stilt house is provided with a water trough (53) on the top. Multiple sets of water troughs (53) are evenly distributed along the roof of the stilt house. A water collection trough (54) is provided at the edge of the eaves of the stilt house. A rainwater collection pipe (66) is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the water collection trough (54). A rainwater filter (64) is connected to the lower end of the rainwater collection pipe (66). A filter plate (65) is provided on the inner wall of the rainwater filter (64). A connecting pipe (63) is provided at one end of the inner cavity of the rainwater filter (64). The end of the connecting pipe (63) is connected to the interior of the high-level water tank (61).

9. The passive evaporative cooling and phase change energy storage synergistic composite wall system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exterior ventilation layer (1) uses wooden grilles, with a ventilation area of ​​30%-50%.

10. The passive evaporative cooling and phase change energy storage synergistic composite wall system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following working statuses are included: During summer daytime: Open the air inlet (24) and the air outlet (23). Outdoor air is introduced into the evaporative cooling core layer (2) through the overhead layer and the air inlet. The air flows through the wetted capillary absorbent fabric core (21) and is cooled by evaporation. This cools the outer surface of the phase change cold storage layer (3) so that the phase change material can maintain solid cold storage. Heat and water vapor are discharged to the outside through the air outlet (23) with the airflow. Summer nights: The air inlet (24) and the air outlet (23) remain open, and the outdoor cold air is introduced to continue cooling the phase change cold storage layer (3). The phase change material solidifies and releases cold, and natural convection through the ventilation seam (41) and heat dissipation fins (31) of the indoor finishing layer (4) provides indoor cooling. Winter: Close the air inlet (24) and the air outlet (23) and drain the water tank (22) and the moisture in the capillary absorbent fabric core (21) so that the evaporative cooling core layer (2) forms a static air insulation layer. The phase change cold storage layer (3) absorbs solar radiation heat during the day and stores heat, and condenses and releases heat at night to provide indoor heating.

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