A deep foundation pit risk assessment method, system, electronic device and storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a deep foundation pit risk assessment method and system, electronic equipment and storage medium, and relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering safety risk control and engineering informatization. The method comprises the following steps: a BIM three-dimensional model containing stratum, supporting structure, material attribute and construction stage information is constructed by acquiring deep foundation pit engineering data, and is bound with real-time monitoring data in time and space. A mechanical calculation model is generated based on the model to extract mechanical parameters, and is imported into finite element software for deformation and stability analysis. The monitoring data and the calculation results are compared, and when the threshold value is exceeded, the stratum or supporting parameters are corrected by inversion, and the BIM and the mechanical model are dynamically updated. The updated model is used to predict the deformation, internal force and safety factor of the next construction stage, a multi-dimensional risk assessment system is constructed, the early warning results are visually fed back to the BIM model, and risk early warning and dynamic closed-loop control are realized. The application can improve the accuracy, real-time performance and engineering application value of risk assessment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering safety risk control and engineering information technology, and in particular to a method, system, electronic device and storage medium for deep foundation pit risk assessment. Background Technology

[0002] Deep foundation pit engineering is widely used in urban underground space development, high-rise building and rail transit projects. Its construction process is affected by many factors such as complex geological conditions, support structure forms, construction procedures and surrounding environment, and has high engineering risks. Once instability or deformation exceeds the limit, it can easily cause engineering accidents and damage to the surrounding environment.

[0003] Existing methods for assessing the risk of deep foundation pits mainly include qualitative analysis methods based on engineering experience, mechanical analysis methods based on finite element numerical calculations, and early warning methods based on construction monitoring data. Among these, qualitative analysis methods are highly subjective and difficult to accurately reflect the actual state of the project; finite element analysis methods are mostly based on initial exploration parameters for static calculations, making it difficult to dynamically update them as construction progresses; and early warning methods based on monitoring data often use a single threshold judgment, failing to effectively use monitoring results to correct geological or structural models.

[0004] Furthermore, in existing technologies, BIM models, mechanical calculation models, and construction monitoring data are usually independent of each other, lacking a unified data fusion and dynamic linkage mechanism. This leads to a disconnect between risk assessment results and the actual engineering entity, making it difficult to provide intuitive, real-time, and intelligent decision support for the construction process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method, system, electronic device and storage medium for assessing the risk of deep foundation pits, in order to solve or improve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: A method for assessing the risk of deep foundation pits includes: Acquire engineering data for deep foundation pits and construct a BIM 3D model; the BIM 3D model includes at least ground information, support structure geometry information, material property information, and construction stage information; Collect monitoring data during the construction process, and associate and bind the monitoring data with the BIM 3D model in space and time to realize the dynamic visualization of data in the BIM 3D model; Mechanical parameters are extracted from the BIM 3D model after data binding, a mechanical calculation model is generated, and the model is imported into finite element software to perform deformation and stability analysis at different construction stages, and finite element calculation results are obtained. The mechanical parameters include the geometric parameters of the support structure, material parameters, and boundary conditions. The monitoring data is compared with the finite element calculation results. When the deviation exceeds a preset threshold, the formation parameters or support structure parameters are inverted and corrected. The BIM 3D model and the corrected mechanical calculation model are updated based on the corrected parameters to realize the dynamic updating of the BIM 3D model and the mechanical calculation model. Based on the updated mechanical calculation model, the deformation index, internal force distribution and stability safety factor of the foundation pit in the next construction stage are predicted. A multi-dimensional risk assessment index system is constructed for risk assessment, and the assessment results are fed back to the updated BIM 3D model in a visual manner to achieve risk warning.

[0007] Optionally, the monitoring data during the construction process includes deformation data of the support structure, surface settlement data, groundwater level change data, and deformation data of surrounding buildings; the association and binding are achieved based on the spatial coordinate information and acquisition time information of the monitoring points.

[0008] Optionally, the generation process of the mechanical calculation model includes: extracting the component geometric dimensions, spatial positional relationships, stratum layering range, material property parameters and constitutive model type from the data-bound BIM three-dimensional model, constructing a three-dimensional mechanical calculation geometric model, exporting it as an intermediate geometric file in ACIS (.SAT) format, and then importing it into finite element analysis software for mesh generation, material property definition, boundary condition setting and construction stage analysis step definition.

[0009] Optionally, when the deviation exceeds a preset threshold, the step of inverting and correcting the formation parameters or support structure parameters specifically includes: When the deviation exceeds the preset threshold, the parameter inversion process is initiated. Using the measured monitoring data as constraints, the key parameters related to the current construction stage in the BIM 3D model are inverted and corrected through iterative optimization, so that the finite element calculation results generated after correction gradually approach the measured monitoring data. The key parameters include the soil elastic modulus, internal friction angle or support stiffness.

[0010] Optionally, the multi-dimensional risk assessment index system includes deformation risk assessment index, stress risk assessment index, and stability risk assessment index; wherein, the deformation risk assessment index includes the horizontal displacement of the retaining structure, the amount of ground settlement, and the amount of pit bottom heave; the stress risk assessment index includes the axial force, bending moment, or stress level of the retaining structure, internal support, and anchoring components; and the stability risk assessment index includes the heave resistance safety factor, the overturning resistance safety factor, or the sliding stability factor.

[0011] This invention also provides a deep foundation pit risk assessment system, comprising: The 3D model building module is used to acquire deep foundation pit engineering data and build a BIM 3D model; the BIM 3D model includes at least the stratum information, support structure geometric information, material property information, and construction stage information. The data dynamic visualization module is used to collect monitoring data during the construction process and to associate and bind the monitoring data with the BIM 3D model in space and time, so as to realize the dynamic visualization of the BIM 3D model data. The finite element calculation module is used to extract mechanical parameters from the data-bound BIM 3D model, generate a mechanical calculation model, and import it into the finite element calculation software to perform deformation and stability analysis at different construction stages, and obtain finite element calculation results; the mechanical parameters include the geometric parameters of the support structure, material parameters, and boundary conditions; The inversion correction module is used to compare the monitoring data with the finite element calculation results. When the deviation exceeds a preset threshold, the stratum parameters or support structure parameters are inverted and corrected. Based on the corrected parameters, the BIM 3D model and the corrected mechanical calculation model are updated to realize the dynamic updating of the BIM 3D model and the mechanical calculation model. The risk assessment module is used to predict the foundation pit deformation index, internal force distribution and stability safety factor in the next construction stage based on the updated mechanical calculation model, and to construct a multi-dimensional risk assessment index system for risk assessment. The assessment results are then fed back to the updated BIM 3D model in a visual manner to achieve risk warning.

[0012] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor runs the computer program to enable the electronic device to perform the deep foundation pit risk assessment method described above.

[0013] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the deep foundation pit risk assessment method as described above.

[0014] According to specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects: This invention discloses a method, system, electronic device, and storage medium for deep foundation pit risk assessment. The method includes constructing a BIM 3D model containing information on strata, support structure, material properties, and construction stages by acquiring deep foundation pit engineering data, and spatiotemporally linking it with real-time monitoring data to achieve dynamic visualization. Based on the model, mechanical parameters are extracted to generate a mechanical calculation model, which is then imported into finite element software for deformation and stability analysis. The monitoring data is compared with the calculation results; when thresholds are exceeded, strata or support parameters are inverted and corrected, and the BIM and mechanical models are dynamically updated. The updated model is used to predict deformation, internal forces, and safety factors in the next construction stage, constructing a multi-dimensional risk assessment system. Early warning results are visualized and fed back to the BIM model, achieving risk early warning and dynamic closed-loop control. This invention can improve the accuracy, real-time performance, and engineering application value of risk assessment. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the deep foundation pit risk assessment method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method, system, electronic device and storage medium for assessing the risk of deep foundation pits, in order to solve or improve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] As a first aspect, such as Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for risk assessment of deep foundation pits, comprising: S1. Obtain engineering data for deep foundation pits and construct a BIM 3D model; the BIM 3D model shall include at least the geological information, the geometric information of the support structure, the material property information, and the construction stage information.

[0021] S2. Collect monitoring data during the construction process, and associate and bind the monitoring data with the BIM 3D model in space and time to realize the dynamic visualization of the BIM 3D model data; wherein, the monitoring data during the construction process includes support structure deformation data, surface settlement data, groundwater level change data and surrounding building deformation data; the association and binding is based on the spatial coordinate information and collection time information of the monitoring points.

[0022] S3. Based on the BIM 3D model after data binding, extract mechanical parameters, generate a mechanical calculation model, and import it into finite element calculation software to perform deformation and stability analysis at different construction stages, and obtain finite element calculation results; the mechanical parameters include the geometric parameters of the support structure, material parameters, and boundary conditions.

[0023] The generation process of the mechanical calculation model includes: extracting the component geometric dimensions, spatial positional relationships, stratigraphic layering range, material property parameters and constitutive model type from the data-bound BIM 3D model, constructing a 3D mechanical calculation geometric model, exporting it as an intermediate geometric file in ACIS (.SAT) format, and then importing it into finite element analysis software for mesh generation, material property definition, boundary condition setting and construction stage analysis step definition.

[0024] S4. Compare the monitoring data with the finite element calculation results. When the deviation exceeds the preset threshold, perform inversion correction on the stratum parameters or support structure parameters, and update the BIM three-dimensional model and the corrected mechanical calculation model based on the corrected parameters to realize the dynamic updating of the BIM three-dimensional model and the mechanical calculation model.

[0025] The process of inversion correction when the deviation exceeds a preset threshold includes: When the deviation exceeds the preset threshold, the parameter inversion process is initiated. Using the measured monitoring data as constraints, the key parameters related to the current construction stage in the BIM 3D model are inverted and corrected through iterative optimization, so that the finite element calculation results generated after correction gradually approach the measured monitoring data. The key parameters include the soil elastic modulus, internal friction angle or support stiffness.

[0026] S5. Based on the updated mechanical calculation model, predict the foundation pit deformation index, internal force distribution and stability safety factor in the next construction stage, and construct a multi-dimensional risk assessment index system for risk assessment. The assessment results are then fed back to the updated BIM 3D model in a visual manner to achieve risk warning.

[0027] The multi-dimensional risk assessment index system includes deformation risk assessment index, stress risk assessment index, and stability risk assessment index. The deformation risk assessment index includes the horizontal displacement of the retaining structure, the amount of surface settlement, and the amount of pit bottom heave. The stress risk assessment index includes the axial force, bending moment, or stress level of the retaining structure, internal support, and anchoring components. The stability risk assessment index includes the heave resistance safety factor, the overturning resistance safety factor, or the sliding stability factor.

[0028] Based on the above technical solution, the following embodiments are provided.

[0029] In the deep foundation pit engineering implementation process of this embodiment, a BIM 3D model including stratum information, support structure, and surrounding environment is first constructed based on engineering survey data, design drawings, and construction plans. Subsequently, multiple types of monitoring points are deployed during construction to collect real-time monitoring data such as support structure deformation, surface settlement, and groundwater level, and these monitoring data are spatially and temporally linked and bound to the BIM model. Based on the BIM model, geometric information, material parameters, and boundary conditions of the support structure are extracted to generate a corresponding finite element mechanical calculation model, and deformation and stability analysis is performed in finite element calculation software. The calculation results are compared with the on-site monitoring data. When the deviation exceeds a preset threshold, the stratum parameters or support structure parameters are corrected through inversion analysis, thereby achieving dynamic model updates. Finally, based on the updated model, the foundation pit deformation, internal forces, and stability indicators are calculated, a risk assessment index system is constructed, and the foundation pit risk level is automatically determined according to preset risk judgment rules. Finally, the risk assessment results are visually fed back into the BIM model, and risk warning information is output when warning conditions are met, providing support for construction safety management and decision-making.

[0030] The specific steps include: S1. Construction of BIM model for deep foundation pit.

[0031] By comprehensively utilizing detailed survey data, design drawings, and construction organization plans for deep foundation pit engineering, and through digital modeling technology, a three-dimensional engineering model is established that includes information on geological strata, the geometry of the support structure, the physical and mechanical properties of materials, and the characteristics of the surrounding environment. The support structure may include typical components such as retaining piles, internal bracing, and anchor cables.

[0032] To meet the needs of subsequent construction process simulation and dynamic analysis, a time dimension attribute is introduced on the basis of the BIM model to clarify the generation sequence and state changes of each component at different construction stages, so that the model can reflect the temporal evolution characteristics of the foundation pit construction process, thereby forming a BIM engineering information model with spatiotemporal coupling characteristics.

[0033] S2. Establishment of construction monitoring system and integration of monitoring data.

[0034] Throughout the entire process of foundation pit excavation and support construction, key construction monitoring data are continuously collected through automated monitoring equipment or manual measurement. This monitoring data includes, but is not limited to: support structure deformation data (such as deep horizontal displacement), surface settlement data, groundwater level change data, and deformation data of surrounding buildings.

[0035] The collected monitoring data is associated and bound with the corresponding components and monitoring points in the BIM model based on its spatial coordinates and collection time information on site, and is mapped to the BIM 3D model in real time. This enables the dynamic expression of construction monitoring information in the digital model and provides a unified data foundation for subsequent model verification and comparative analysis.

[0036] S3. Automatic generation and numerical analysis of mechanical calculation models.

[0037] After the monitoring data is fused, the system automatically extracts key feature parameters for mechanical calculations from the BIM model through a preset data interface. These feature parameters include at least: the geometric dimensions and spatial relationships of the support structure components, the stratigraphic range and corresponding material property parameters, the constitutive model type used for each stratum, and the boundary and constraint conditions around and at the bottom of the foundation pit.

[0038] During parameter extraction, the system first identifies and classifies the engineering components in the BIM model, mapping elements such as retaining structures, internal supports, anchoring components, and soil zoning to corresponding mechanical calculation unit types. Subsequently, based on component attribute information and preset parameter mapping rules, the system converts the material information in the BIM model into the material parameter format required for finite element analysis, and assigns corresponding constitutive models for different strata and structural components.

[0039] After mapping geometric and physical parameters, the system automatically constructs a three-dimensional mechanical computational geometric model based on the extracted information and exports the model as an intermediate geometric file in ACIS (.SAT) format. This intermediate file, while maintaining the geometric integrity and spatial topological relationships of the components, is used to achieve model transfer between the BIM model and the finite element analysis software.

[0040] Subsequently, the ACIS format intermediate file is imported into the finite element analysis software ABAQUS for further processing of the mechanical calculation model within the finite element environment. Specifically, this includes: defining the element type of the imported geometric model, generating finite element meshes suitable for soil and structural components, and adjusting the mesh density and quality according to the required analysis accuracy; defining the material properties and constitutive relationships of each stratum and structural component based on the parameter information extracted from the BIM model; and simultaneously setting the boundary conditions and initial stress state of the foundation pit model.

[0041] During the simulation analysis phase, the system establishes analysis steps corresponding to each construction stage according to the construction sequence set in the construction organization plan, and performs step-by-step simulation calculations on the excavation and unloading process of the foundation pit. By applying corresponding constraints and load conditions, the mechanical response results of the foundation pit under different construction conditions are obtained, including the soil displacement field, the internal force distribution of the support structure, and related indicators of overall stability, providing basic data support for subsequent model correction and risk assessment.

[0042] S4. Parameter inversion analysis and dynamic model correction.

[0043] The system compares and analyzes real-time monitoring data collected during construction with finite element calculation results generated based on the current BIM model. The comparison includes key monitoring indicators such as support structure deformation, surface settlement, and pit bottom heave. The system calculates the degree of deviation for each indicator based on the difference between the monitoring data and the calculation results.

[0044] When the deviation of any key monitoring indicator exceeds a preset threshold, it is determined that the geological or structural parameters used in the current BIM model fail to accurately reflect the actual engineering conditions, and the system initiates a parameter inversion analysis process. The preset threshold is set according to engineering design requirements or relevant specifications.

[0045] During the parameter inversion process, the system uses measured monitoring data as constraints to invert and correct key parameters in the BIM model that are relevant to the current construction stage. Through iterative optimization, these parameters are adjusted so that the finite element calculation results generated by the corrected parameters gradually approximate the measured monitoring data.

[0046] Through the above parameter inversion analysis and BIM model dynamic correction process, the BIM model parameters are continuously updated with the construction process, so that the BIM model always reflects the actual state of the project, thereby improving the reliability and consistency of subsequent analysis and risk assessment results.

[0047] S5, Intelligent Risk Assessment Method.

[0048] After completing the dynamic correction of the model, an intelligent risk assessment process is executed based on the corrected high-fidelity mechanical model. The system uses the updated model parameters to perform simulation analysis on the subsequent construction stages, calculate the deformation response, stress state, and overall stability level of the foundation pit under different working conditions, and identify potential construction risks accordingly.

[0049] Specifically, the risk assessment includes at least the following: (1) Deformation risk assessment: Based on the numerical calculation results, key deformation indicators such as horizontal displacement of the retaining structure, ground settlement, and pit bottom heave are obtained and compared with design control values ​​and specification limits to determine whether the foundation pit deformation is in a safe, warning, or dangerous state. (2) Stress risk assessment: Calculate the internal force response indices of the enclosure structure, internal bracing and anchorage components, including axial force, bending moment or stress level, and compare them with the load-bearing capacity or design allowable value of the components to identify the risk of structural overload or failure. (3) Stability risk assessment: Calculate relevant indicators of overall stability of the foundation pit, including the anti-heave safety factor, anti-overturning safety factor, or anti-sliding stability factor, to assess the overall safety reserve level of the foundation pit under current and subsequent working conditions.

[0050] Based on the above calculations, the system constructs a multi-dimensional risk assessment index system, including deformation, stress, and stability indices, in accordance with relevant design specifications and engineering management requirements. For each type of index, corresponding safety threshold ranges and risk level classification standards are pre-set, and the risk level of each individual index is determined through preset discrimination rules.

[0051] Furthermore, the system comprehensively analyzes the results of each individual risk assessment to form the overall risk level of the current construction stage of the foundation pit, and feeds the assessment results back into the BIM model in a visual form. Through color coding, 3D deformation cloud maps, or risk markers, the system achieves an intuitive correspondence between risk level, risk location, and engineering spatial information.

[0052] When the overall risk level or any key indicator reaches the preset warning conditions, the system automatically triggers the risk warning mechanism, outputs the corresponding warning information and risk prompts, and provides timely and intuitive decision support for on-site management personnel, thereby achieving proactive risk control and safety control in the deep foundation pit construction process.

[0053] In summary, the present invention achieves the following effects: 1. In current engineering practice, BIM models emphasize geometric representation, while finite element models focus on mechanical analysis. This often requires repeated manual modeling, leading to a disconnect between geometric and physical information, and data loss or distortion during transmission. This invention establishes automated parsing and mapping rules to directly extract geological layering information, support structure geometric features, and material property parameters from the BIM model and automatically convert them into the finite element model input data required for mechanical calculations, achieving seamless integration between the BIM model and the mechanical model. This ensures a high degree of consistency between the numerical calculation basis data and the engineering entity, significantly reducing manual modeling errors and improving modeling efficiency and result reliability.

[0054] 2. Considering the significant nonlinearity, spatial variability, and evolutionary characteristics of soil and rock materials, static finite element models established solely based on initial exploration parameters are insufficient to accurately predict deformation and stress states during construction. This invention utilizes real-time access to foundation pit construction monitoring data to perform inversion analysis and dynamic correction of stratum and structural parameters. When the deviation between monitoring and calculation results exceeds a preset threshold, the system automatically identifies the source of the deviation and adjusts key parameters, ensuring the calculation model continuously approximates the actual engineering state. This forms a closed-loop update mechanism of "measurement-calculation-correction," overcoming the problems of lagging model updates and large deviations in analysis results in traditional methods, significantly improving the simulation accuracy and reliability of numerical simulation.

[0055] 3. To address the issues of lagging risk identification and limited early warning methods in existing foundation pit safety management, this invention constructs an intelligent risk assessment and hierarchical early warning system based on a high-fidelity model, effectively enhancing the safety control capabilities during construction. By building a risk assessment system that includes multi-dimensional parameters such as deformation indicators, internal force indicators, and stability indicators, the system can automatically determine the risk level of the foundation pit, realizing a shift from "post-event response" to "pre-event early warning." This avoids the limitations of traditional safety assessments that rely on experience or single monitoring thresholds, providing a more scientific and proactive basis for construction safety management.

[0056] 4. Traditional finite element method (FEM) calculation results are typically presented in the form of data tables or two-dimensional graphics, making them difficult for non-professionals to quickly understand and apply. This invention directly maps risk assessment results, deformation cloud maps, and early warning information into the BIM 3D model, displaying the risk location, risk level, and its evolution process in an intuitive and visual way, achieving a precise correspondence between risk information and spatial location. This method significantly lowers the information comprehension threshold, providing a clear and real-time decision support platform for construction units, design units, and construction management personnel, thereby effectively improving the overall information management level and construction safety assurance capabilities of deep foundation pit projects.

[0057] As a second aspect, the present invention also provides a deep foundation pit risk assessment system, comprising: The 3D model building module is used to acquire deep foundation pit engineering data and build a BIM 3D model; the BIM 3D model includes at least the stratum information, support structure geometric information, material property information, and construction stage information. The data dynamic visualization module is used to collect monitoring data during the construction process and to associate and bind the monitoring data with the BIM 3D model in space and time, so as to realize the dynamic visualization of the BIM 3D model data. The finite element calculation module is used to extract mechanical parameters from the data-bound BIM 3D model, generate a mechanical calculation model, and import it into the finite element calculation software to perform deformation and stability analysis at different construction stages, and obtain finite element calculation results; the mechanical parameters include the geometric parameters of the support structure, material parameters, and boundary conditions; The inversion correction module is used to compare the monitoring data with the finite element calculation results. When the deviation exceeds a preset threshold, the stratum parameters or support structure parameters are inverted and corrected. Based on the corrected parameters, the BIM 3D model and the corrected mechanical calculation model are updated to realize the dynamic updating of the BIM 3D model and the mechanical calculation model. The risk assessment module is used to predict the foundation pit deformation index, internal force distribution and stability safety factor in the next construction stage based on the updated mechanical calculation model, and to construct a multi-dimensional risk assessment index system for risk assessment. The assessment results are then fed back to the updated BIM 3D model in a visual manner to achieve risk warning.

[0058] As a third aspect, the present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, the memory for storing a computer program, the processor for running the computer program to cause the electronic device to perform the deep foundation pit risk assessment method described above.

[0059] As a fourth aspect, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the deep foundation pit risk assessment method as described above.

[0060] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0061] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for risk assessment of deep foundation pits, characterized in that, include: Acquire engineering data for deep foundation pits and construct a BIM 3D model; The BIM 3D model includes at least the geological information, the geometric information of the support structure, the material property information, and the construction stage information; Collect monitoring data during the construction process, and associate and bind the monitoring data with the BIM 3D model in space and time to realize the dynamic visualization of data in the BIM 3D model; Mechanical parameters are extracted from the BIM 3D model after data binding, a mechanical calculation model is generated, and the model is imported into finite element software to perform deformation and stability analysis at different construction stages, and finite element calculation results are obtained. The mechanical parameters include the geometric parameters of the support structure, material parameters, and boundary conditions. The monitoring data is compared with the finite element calculation results. When the deviation exceeds a preset threshold, the formation parameters or support structure parameters are inverted and corrected. The BIM 3D model and the corrected mechanical calculation model are updated based on the corrected parameters to realize the dynamic updating of the BIM 3D model and the mechanical calculation model. Based on the updated mechanical calculation model, the deformation index, internal force distribution and stability safety factor of the foundation pit in the next construction stage are predicted. A multi-dimensional risk assessment index system is constructed for risk assessment, and the assessment results are fed back to the updated BIM 3D model in a visual manner to achieve risk warning.

2. The deep foundation pit risk assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring data during the construction process includes deformation data of the support structure, surface settlement data, groundwater level change data, and deformation data of surrounding buildings; the association and binding are achieved based on the spatial coordinate information and collection time information of the monitoring points.

3. The deep foundation pit risk assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The generation process of the mechanical calculation model includes: extracting the component geometric dimensions, spatial positional relationships, stratigraphic layering range, material property parameters and constitutive model type from the data-bound BIM 3D model, constructing a 3D mechanical calculation geometric model, exporting it as an intermediate geometric file in ACIS (.SAT) format, and then importing it into finite element analysis software for mesh generation, material property definition, boundary condition setting and construction stage analysis step definition.

4. The deep foundation pit risk assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the deviation exceeds a preset threshold, the formation parameters or support structure parameters are inverted and corrected, specifically including: When the deviation exceeds the preset threshold, the parameter inversion process is initiated. Using the measured monitoring data as constraints, the key parameters related to the current construction stage in the BIM 3D model are inverted and corrected through iterative optimization, so that the finite element calculation results generated after correction gradually approach the measured monitoring data. The key parameters include the soil elastic modulus, internal friction angle or support stiffness.

5. The deep foundation pit risk assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-dimensional risk assessment index system includes deformation risk assessment index, stress risk assessment index, and stability risk assessment index; wherein, the deformation risk assessment index includes the horizontal displacement of the retaining structure, the amount of ground settlement, and the amount of pit bottom heave; the stress risk assessment index includes the axial force, bending moment, or stress level of the retaining structure, internal support, and anchoring components; and the stability risk assessment index includes the anti-heave safety factor, the anti-overturning safety factor, or the anti-sliding stability factor.

6. A deep foundation pit risk assessment system, characterized in that, include: The 3D model building module is used to acquire engineering data for deep foundation pits and build BIM 3D models. The BIM 3D model includes at least the geological information, the geometric information of the support structure, the material property information, and the construction stage information; The data dynamic visualization module is used to collect monitoring data during the construction process and to associate and bind the monitoring data with the BIM 3D model in space and time, so as to realize the dynamic visualization of the BIM 3D model data. The finite element calculation module is used to extract mechanical parameters from the data-bound BIM 3D model, generate a mechanical calculation model, and import it into the finite element calculation software to perform deformation and stability analysis at different construction stages, and obtain finite element calculation results; the mechanical parameters include the geometric parameters of the support structure, material parameters, and boundary conditions; The inversion correction module is used to compare the monitoring data with the finite element calculation results. When the deviation exceeds a preset threshold, the stratum parameters or support structure parameters are inverted and corrected. Based on the corrected parameters, the BIM 3D model and the corrected mechanical calculation model are updated to realize the dynamic updating of the BIM 3D model and the mechanical calculation model. The risk assessment module is used to predict the foundation pit deformation index, internal force distribution and stability safety factor in the next construction stage based on the updated mechanical calculation model, and to construct a multi-dimensional risk assessment index system for risk assessment. The assessment results are then fed back to the updated BIM 3D model in a visual manner to achieve risk warning.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that, The device includes a memory and a processor, the memory being used to store a computer program, and the processor running the computer program to cause the electronic device to perform the deep foundation pit risk assessment method according to any one of claims 1-5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the deep foundation pit risk assessment method as described in any one of claims 1-5.

Images