Method for realizing whole process of natural caving mining and computer readable storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of natural caving method mining whole process implementation method and computer readable storage medium, it is related to ore drawing simulation technical field.The method comprises: constructing initial three-dimensional grid model, determining a plurality of ore drawing grid nodes and corresponding draw bottom grid grouping and draw bottom grouping sequence;According to initial stress state and initial three-dimensional grid model, obtain target three-dimensional grid model;The node final ore drawing quality of each ore drawing grid node, the model total available ore drawing quality of target three-dimensional grid model and the grouping planned ore drawing quality of each draw bottom grid grouping are acquired, to simulate draw bottom and simulate ore drawing to target three-dimensional grid model, obtain surface subsidence pit range and caving range.Such, by the draw bottom order of design, and based on node final ore drawing quality, model total available ore drawing quality, each grouping planned ore drawing quality complete to natural caving method mining whole process integration, high-precision simulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ore mining simulation technology, and in particular to a method for realizing the entire process of natural caving mining and a computer-readable storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] The introduction of advanced strain softening constitutive models provides a new approach for simulating natural caving, enabling the model to simulate the entire process of rock mass damage, fracturing, and granular flow. However, the practical application of advanced strain softening constitutive models in natural caving simulation still faces challenges such as difficulty in achieving control over the bottoming sequence and accurate calculation of mass, as well as automatic identification of caving range and surface subsidence. These challenges result in low simulation efficiency, limited accuracy, and insufficient engineering applicability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method for realizing the entire process of natural caving mining and a computer-readable storage medium, which is used to simulate the entire process of continuous bottom pulling and ore release in natural caving mining, and to obtain results such as surface collapse and rock movement range.

[0004] This invention provides the following technical solution: Firstly, this invention proposes a method for realizing the entire process of natural caving mining, including: An initial three-dimensional mesh model is constructed based on engineering geological parameters, and multiple ore-discharging mesh nodes and their corresponding bottom-pulling mesh groups and bottom-pulling group order are determined based on the initial three-dimensional mesh model. The initial stress state is calculated based on the rock mechanics parameters, and the target three-dimensional mesh model is obtained based on the initial stress state and the initial three-dimensional mesh model. Obtain the final ore release quality of each ore release grid node, the total ore release quality of the target 3D mesh model, and the planned ore release quality of each bottom grid group; Based on the final ore release quality of each node, the total ore release quality of the model, the planned ore release quality of each group, each ore release grid node, each bottom-pulling grid group and its corresponding bottom-pulling group sequence, the target three-dimensional grid model is simulated for bottom-pulling and ore release to obtain the surface subsidence pit range and collapse range.

[0005] In one embodiment, the engineering geological parameters include surface parameters, fault parameters, ore body parameters, and bottoming range parameters. The step of constructing an initial three-dimensional mesh model based on the engineering geological data includes: Based on the octree method, the initial three-dimensional mesh model is constructed according to the surface parameters, the fault parameters, the ore body parameters, and the pull-down range parameters.

[0006] In one embodiment, the initial stress state includes a first stress state and a second stress state. The step of calculating the initial stress state based on rock mechanics parameters and obtaining the target three-dimensional mesh model based on the initial stress state and the initial three-dimensional mesh model includes: By inputting the rock mass mechanical parameters, gravitational acceleration, and model boundary constraints into the initial three-dimensional mesh model, an initial three-dimensional mesh model in the first stress state is obtained; The first stress state is adjusted according to the burial depth of each grid cell in the initial three-dimensional mesh model under the first stress state to obtain the target three-dimensional mesh model under the second stress state.

[0007] In one embodiment, obtaining the final ore-discharge quality of each of the ore-discharge grid nodes, the total ore-dischargeable quality of the target 3D mesh model, and the planned ore-discharge quality of each of the bottom-level grid groups includes: The final ore discharge quality of each ore discharge grid node is calculated based on the rock mass density. The total available mining mass of the model is obtained by summing the final mining masses of all the nodes. The planned ore release mass for each of the aforementioned bottom grid groups is obtained based on the preset total ore release mass.

[0008] In one embodiment, the step of simulating bottoming and ore release on the target three-dimensional mesh model based on the final ore release quality of each node, the total ore release quality of the model, the planned ore release quality of each group, each ore release grid node, each bottoming grid group and its corresponding bottoming group sequence, to obtain the surface subsidence pit range and collapse range, includes: Based on each of the ore-discharging grid nodes, each of the bottom-pulling grid groups and their corresponding bottom-pulling group order, the target three-dimensional mesh model is simulated for bottom-pulling and ore-discharging to obtain the total simulated ore-discharging mass of the current model. This process continues until the total simulated ore-discharging mass of the current model is equal to the total ore-discharging mass of the model, resulting in the target three-dimensional mesh model after simulated bottom-pulling and ore-discharging. The extent of the surface subsidence pit is determined based on the burial depth parameters of each grid cell in the target three-dimensional grid model after the simulated bottoming and simulated ore release, and the vertical displacement of the surface directly above. Obtain the model profile of the target three-dimensional mesh model after the simulated bottoming and simulated ore release, and determine the collapse range based on the model profile; Specifically, for each of the ore-discharging grid nodes, when the total simulated ore-discharging mass of the node corresponding to the i-th ore-discharging grid node is equal to the final ore-discharging mass of the node corresponding to the i-th ore-discharging grid node, the simulated ore-discharging for the i-th ore-discharging grid node is stopped, and the simulated ore-discharging for the (i+1)-th ore-discharging grid node is performed; 1≤i≤n-1, where n is the number of the ore-discharging grid nodes; For each of the bottom-pull grid groups, when the total simulated ore release mass of the group corresponding to the j-th bottom-pull grid group is equal to the planned ore release mass of the group corresponding to the j-th bottom-pull grid group, the simulated ore release for the j-th bottom-pull grid group is stopped, and the simulated bottom-pull and simulated ore release for the (j+1)-th bottom-pull grid group are performed; 1≤j≤m-1, where m is the number of the bottom-pull grid groups.

[0009] In one embodiment, determining the extent of the surface subsidence pit based on the burial depth parameters of each grid cell in the target three-dimensional mesh model after the simulated bottoming and simulated ore release, and the vertical displacement of the surface directly above, includes: Traverse each grid cell of the target 3D mesh model after the simulated bottoming and simulated ore release. For each grid cell, if the burial depth parameter corresponding to the grid cell is less than the vertical displacement of the ground surface directly above the grid cell, then the grid cell is a collapse zone. All the aforementioned subsidence areas are defined as the extent of the surface subsidence pit.

[0010] In one embodiment, determining the collapse range based on the model profile includes: The boundaries of the stress relaxation zone and the rock mass damage zone are obtained from the model profile. The average value of the vertical displacement value corresponding to the boundary of the stress relaxation zone and the vertical displacement value of the boundary of the rock mass damage zone is calculated to obtain the collapse index value. For each three-dimensional isosurface of the target three-dimensional mesh model after the simulated bottoming and simulated ore release, if the vertical displacement value of the three-dimensional isosurface is equal to the collapse index value, then the mesh facing the three-dimensional isosurface is the collapse zone. All the aforementioned collapse zones are defined as the collapse range.

[0011] In one embodiment, the calculation of the final ore discharge quality of each of the ore discharge grid nodes based on rock mass density includes: For each of the aforementioned mining grid nodes, obtain the node mining height and mining area of ​​the mining grid node; The final ore discharge mass of the node is calculated based on the node discharge height, the node discharge area, and the rock mass density.

[0012] In one embodiment, obtaining the node ore-laying height of the ore-laying grid node includes: Obtain the vertical distance between the top and bottom of the ore body above the ore-laying grid node; The vertical thickness of the ore body above the ore body is calculated based on the vertical distance from the ore-feeding grid node to the top and bottom of the ore body above it. The ore-feeding parameters are calculated based on the vertical thickness of the ore body above the ore-feeding grid node and the vertical distance from the ore-feeding grid node to the top of the ore body above. If the vertical thickness of the ore body above the ore-discharging grid node is not zero, and the ore-discharging parameter is greater than the preset ore-discharging quantity determination parameter, then the ore-discharging height of the node is the vertical distance from the ore-discharging grid node to the top of the ore body above.

[0013] Secondly, the present invention proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for realizing the entire process of natural caving mining as described in the first aspect.

[0014] This invention discloses a method for implementing the entire process of natural caving mining and a computer-readable storage medium. The method involves constructing an initial three-dimensional mesh model based on engineering geological parameters, and determining multiple ore-discharging mesh nodes and their corresponding bottom-pulling mesh groups and their order based on the initial three-dimensional mesh model. An initial stress state is calculated based on rock mechanics parameters, and a target three-dimensional mesh model is obtained based on the initial stress state and the initial three-dimensional mesh model. The final ore-discharging mass of each ore-discharging mesh node, the total ore-discharging mass of the target three-dimensional mesh model, and the planned ore-discharging mass of each bottom-pulling mesh group are obtained. Based on the final ore-discharging mass of each node, the total ore-discharging mass of the model, the planned ore-discharging mass of each group, each ore-discharging mesh node, each bottom-pulling mesh group, and their corresponding bottom-pulling sequence, the target three-dimensional mesh model is simulated for bottom-pulling and ore-discharging to obtain the surface subsidence pit range and the caving range. In this way, by simulating bottom pulling and ore release according to the designed bottom pulling sequence, and simulating control based on the final ore release quality of nodes, the total ore release quality of the model, and the planned ore release quality of each group, the key results such as the surface collapse range and rock mass movement law are automatically output, thereby completing the integrated and high-precision simulation of the entire process of natural caving mining. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. In the various drawings, similar components are numbered similarly.

[0016] Figure 1 This embodiment shows a flowchart illustrating the entire process of the natural caving mining method proposed in this example. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional mesh model proposed in this embodiment is shown; Figure 3 This embodiment shows a schematic diagram of the grid cells and ore-discharging grid nodes within the pull-down range. Figure 4 This embodiment illustrates the bottom-pulling grid grouping and the bottom-pulling sequence of the grouping. Figure 5 This illustration shows another flowchart of the entire process of the natural caving mining method proposed in this embodiment; Figure 6 This diagram illustrates the final ore discharge quality cloud map of the ore discharge grid nodes proposed in this embodiment. Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the ore body model features proposed in this embodiment is shown; Figure 8 This diagram illustrates the visualization results of the node mining height and the current mining height proposed in this embodiment. Figure 9 This illustration shows another flowchart of the entire process of the natural caving mining method proposed in this embodiment; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the surface subsidence area proposed in this embodiment is shown; Figure 11 The typical profile vertical displacement contour lines and maximum principal stress cloud diagram proposed in this embodiment are shown. Figure 12 This embodiment shows the vertical displacement contour lines and rock mass damage cloud map of a typical profile proposed in this example; Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional collapse range proposed in this embodiment is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0018] The components of the embodiments of the invention described and illustrated herein can typically be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0019] In the following, the terms “comprising,” “having,” and their cognates, which may be used in various embodiments of the invention, are intended only to indicate a particular feature, number, step, operation, element, component, or combination thereof, and should not be construed as excluding, firstly, the presence of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof, or adding the possibility of one or more features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0020] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] Unless otherwise specified, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the various embodiments of the invention pertain. Terms (such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries) shall be interpreted as having the same meaning as in their contextual meaning in the relevant technical field and shall not be interpreted as having an idealized or overly formal meaning, unless clearly defined in the various embodiments of the invention.

[0022] Example 1 This disclosure provides a method for realizing the entire process of natural caving mining, which is used to simulate the entire process of continuous bottom pulling and ore release in natural caving mining, and to obtain results such as surface subsidence and rock movement range.

[0023] Please see Figure 1 The entire process of this natural caving mining method includes steps S101 to S104, and each step is described in detail below.

[0024] Step S101: Construct an initial three-dimensional mesh model based on engineering geological parameters, and determine multiple ore-discharging mesh nodes and their corresponding bottom-pulling mesh groups and bottom-pulling group order based on the initial three-dimensional mesh model.

[0025] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 The system is further developed using a built-in language and employs an octree method to construct an initial 3D mesh model based on surface parameters, fault parameters, orebody parameters, and pull-down range parameters. The surface parameters, fault parameters, orebody parameters, and pull-down range parameters can be the original geometric models of the surface, fault, orebody, and pull-down range, respectively.

[0026] Furthermore, the single-pull-out area is calculated based on the pull-out speed and single pull-out time. The pull-out range is divided based on the single pull-out area and direction. The pull-out mesh range is determined from the initial three-dimensional mesh model based on the pull-out range and mesh unit size. Each pull-out mesh is then grouped sequentially to obtain pull-out mesh groups and pull-out grouping order, with a total of n groups.

[0027] Furthermore, based on the elevation of the bottom surface in the bottom-pull grid group, the grid nodes within the bottom-pull range at that elevation are identified as the corresponding ore-discharge grid nodes. The grid cells and ore-discharge grid nodes within the bottom-pull range are as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the bottom grid grouping and the bottom grouping order are as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0028] Step S102: Calculate the initial stress state based on rock mechanics parameters, and obtain the target three-dimensional mesh model according to the initial stress state and the initial three-dimensional mesh model.

[0029] In this embodiment, the rock mass mechanics parameters are the corresponding mechanical parameters of the advanced strain softening constitutive model of the ore body, surrounding rock, fault, and fracture zone. The initial stress state is calculated based on the rock mass mechanics parameters, and the initial three-dimensional mesh model is placed in the real initial stress state to obtain the target three-dimensional mesh model for ore release simulation.

[0030] Please see Figure 5 In one specific embodiment, the initial stress state includes a first stress state and a second stress state, and step S102 includes steps S1021 to S1022. Each step is described in detail below.

[0031] Step S1021: Input the rock mass mechanical parameters, gravity acceleration and model boundary constraints into the initial three-dimensional mesh model to obtain the initial three-dimensional mesh model in the first stress state.

[0032] In this embodiment, rock mechanics parameters, gravitational acceleration, and model boundary constraints are input into the initial three-dimensional mesh model. The initial three-dimensional mesh model under the first stress state and its initial stress state under self-weight conditions is obtained by using the "model solve" command in the software. The rock mechanics parameters include axial compressive strength, rock geological strength index, intact rock parameters, and density.

[0033] Step S1022: Adjust the first stress state according to the burial depth of each grid cell in the initial three-dimensional mesh model under the first stress state to obtain the target three-dimensional mesh model under the second stress state.

[0034] In this embodiment, the vertical distance from each grid cell to the ground surface in the initial three-dimensional mesh model under the first stress state is calculated using the "geom.set.raydist" function as the burial depth. Based on the relationship between ground stress and burial depth, the first stress state is adjusted according to the burial depth of each grid cell using the "zone.stress" function to obtain the target three-dimensional mesh model under the second stress state. Thus, based on the self-weight stress state, a more accurate second stress field that conforms to the actual field measurement is superimposed or modified.

[0035] Step S103: Obtain the final ore release quality of each ore release grid node, the total ore release quality of the target three-dimensional mesh model, and the planned ore release quality of each bottom grid group.

[0036] In this embodiment, the final ore release quality of each ore release grid node, the total ore release quality of the target 3D mesh model, and the planned ore release quality of each bottom grid group are obtained, thereby determining how much ore each ore release node should release, how much ore the entire mining area model should release, and how much ore each bottom grid group should release.

[0037] In one specific embodiment, step S103 includes: calculating the final ore release mass of each of the ore release grid nodes based on the rock mass density; summing up the final ore release masses of all the nodes to obtain the total ore release mass of the model; and obtaining the planned ore release mass of each of the bottom grid groups according to the preset total ore release mass.

[0038] In this embodiment, the final ore discharge mass of each ore discharge grid node is calculated based on the rock mass density, and the final ore discharge mass cloud map of the node is shown below. Figure 6 As shown; accumulate the final ore release quality of all nodes to obtain the total ore release quality of the target 3D mesh model; according to the bottom-pulling grouping order of the bottom-pulling mesh group, divide the preset total ore release quality into the grouped planned ore release quality of different bottom-pulling mesh groups.

[0039] In one specific embodiment, the step of calculating the final ore discharge quality of each ore discharge grid node based on rock mass density includes: for each ore discharge grid node, obtaining the node ore discharge height and ore discharge area of ​​the ore discharge grid node; and calculating the final ore discharge quality of the node based on the node ore discharge height, the node ore discharge area, and the rock mass density.

[0040] In this embodiment, for each ore-discharging grid node, the node ore-discharging height and ore-discharging area are obtained; the product of the node ore-discharging height, node ore-discharging area and rock mass density is used as the final ore-discharging quality of the node.

[0041] In one specific embodiment, obtaining the node ore-laying height of the ore-laying grid node includes: obtaining the vertical distance between the top and bottom of the ore body above the ore-laying grid node; calculating the vertical thickness of the ore body above the ore-laying grid node based on the vertical distance from the ore-laying grid node to the top and bottom of the ore body above it; calculating ore-laying parameters based on the vertical thickness of the ore body above the ore-laying grid node and the vertical distance from the ore-laying grid node to the top of the ore body above it; if the vertical thickness of the ore body above the ore-laying grid node is not zero, and the ore-laying parameters are greater than a preset ore-laying quantity determination parameter, then the node ore-laying height is the vertical distance from the ore-laying grid node to the top of the ore body above it.

[0042] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 7 Iterate through the ore-laying grid nodes on the bottom surface, naming the current node gppnt. Using the geom.set.raydist function, calculate the vertical distance from the ore-laying grid node gppnt to the top and bottom of the n ore bodies above it, and name it KT1. top and KT1 bottom KT2 top and KT2 tbottom ... KTn top and KTn bottom If there is no corresponding ore body above, the value is assigned to 0. When the ore-laying grid node gppnt is located inside the ore body, KTn bottom =0; Furthermore, the vertical thickness of the ore body above the ore body is calculated based on the vertical distance from the ore-discharging grid node gppnt to the top and bottom of the ore body above it, and named KT1. h KT2 h ... KTn h If there is no corresponding ore body above, the value is assigned to 0. The calculation formula is as follows: .

[0043] Furthermore, the vertical thickness of the ore body above the ore-discharging grid nodes and the vertical distance between ore bodies are calculated and named KT1. distance KT2 distance ... KTn distance If there is no corresponding ore body above, the value is assigned to 0. When n=1, KT1 distance =KT1 bottom When n≠1, the calculation formula is: .

[0044] Furthermore, input the ore discharge quantity determination parameter k import .

[0045] Furthermore, traverse the ore-releasing grid nodes gppnt on the bottom surface, and calculate the ore-releasing judgment parameter k above each node from bottom to top. Name it kn according to the ore-body number. The calculation formula for the ore-releasing parameter kn is as follows: , .

[0046] Furthermore, a loop determination program is set up, with the initial loop starting from 1, the total number of loops being the number of ore bodies n, the current loop number being m, the corresponding ore body number being KTm, the corresponding determination parameter k being km, and the initial loop parameter L being set to 0.

[0047] Furthermore, when KTm h Not equal to 0, and km ≥ k import At that time, the current mining height h of the mining grid node. final =KTm top , m = m + 1.

[0048] Furthermore, when KTm h =0, or km < k import At that time, L = L+1, m = m+1.

[0049] Furthermore, if L=n, then h final =0, calculate the final ore discharge mass m of the ore discharge grid node. final The calculation formula is m final =h final ×A gppnt ×ρ kt In the formula A gppnt ρ represents the mining area covered by the mining grid node gppnt. kt This represents the density of the ore body.

[0050] It should be further explained that the mesh cells above the elevation of the bottom surface are traversed, the pre-calculation density ρ_step_now_previous and the cell volume v_step_previous are extracted, multiplied to obtain the pre-calculation mass m_zone_step_previous of the cell, and the pre-calculation mass of the mesh cells is accumulated to obtain the initial calculation mass m_model_step_previous of the model above the bottom surface.

[0051] Further, set the number of calculation steps n_step and calculate it.

[0052] Furthermore, the mesh cells above the bottom surface are traversed, and the calculated density ρ_step_now and cell volume v_step_now are extracted. They are multiplied to obtain the current mass m_zone_now of the cell. The current masses of the mesh cells are accumulated to obtain the current mass m_model_step_now of the model above the bottom surface.

[0053] Furthermore, the ore-discharge grid nodes on the bottom surface are traversed, the number of nodes with applied traction speed n_node_product_previous is calculated, and the simulated ore-discharge mass m_node_product_now of each node is calculated using the following formula: This enables dynamic tracking and precise monitoring of the ore discharge process, allowing for real-time calculation and output of the cumulative ore discharge volume. This provides accurate support for the refined control of the production process and improves the timeliness and accuracy of ore discharge management.

[0054] Furthermore, the current simulated ore-dredging height h_now during the simulated ore-dredging process is calculated using the following formula: , where ρ_step_now_previous is the current density of the ore body.

[0055] A diagram comparing the designed mining height (node ​​mining height) with the current (simulated) mining height is shown below. Figure 8 As shown, the designed ore-draining height and the current actual ore-draining height are presented intuitively in the form of a three-dimensional bar chart, making the simulation results clear at a glance and greatly enhancing the intuitiveness of the numerical simulation results, providing a clear and direct basis for ore-draining management decisions.

[0056] Step S104: Based on the final ore release quality of each node, the total ore release quality of the model, the planned ore release quality of each group, each ore release grid node, each bottom-pulling grid group and its corresponding bottom-pulling group sequence, simulate bottom-pulling and simulate ore release of the target three-dimensional grid model to obtain the surface subsidence pit range and collapse range.

[0057] In this embodiment, based on the final ore release quality of each node, the total ore release quality of the model, the planned ore release quality of each group, each ore release grid node, each bottom-pull grid group and its corresponding bottom-pull group, the simulation bottom-pull and simulation ore release of the target three-dimensional mesh model are executed and controlled in sequence. The automatic execution through the control mechanism reduces the intensity of manual intervention and the complexity of operation required in traditional simulation methods. It effectively solves the problems of low efficiency and cumbersome operation in current numerical simulation methods. Furthermore, the surface subsidence pit range and collapse range are obtained based on the simulation ore release results, providing reliable data for a comprehensive and quantitative assessment of the safety, mining efficiency and impact on the surface of the mining scheme, breaking through the limitations of traditional empirical analogy methods.

[0058] Please see Figure 9 In one specific embodiment, step S104 includes steps S1041 to S1043, and each step is described in detail below.

[0059] Step S1041: Perform simulated bottom pulling and simulated ore release on the target three-dimensional mesh model according to each bottom pulling mesh group and its corresponding bottom pulling group order, and obtain the total simulated ore release mass of the current model until the total simulated ore release mass of the current model is equal to the total ore release mass of the model, and obtain the target three-dimensional mesh model after simulated bottom pulling and simulated ore release.

[0060] In this embodiment, according to the bottom-pulling grouping order, the bottom-pulling and ore-discharge simulations are performed on each ore-discharge grid node and each bottom-pulling grid group in the target three-dimensional mesh model to obtain the current model simulated ore-discharge total mass in the simulated bottom-pulling and simulated ore-discharge. The simulation bottom-pulling and simulated ore-discharge are stopped when the current model simulated ore-discharge total mass equals the model's total ore-dischargeable mass, and the target three-dimensional mesh model after the simulated bottom-pulling and simulated ore-discharge are obtained.

[0061] Specifically, for each ore-discharging grid node, when the total simulated ore-discharging mass of the node corresponding to the i-th ore-discharging grid node is equal to the final ore-discharging mass of the node corresponding to the i-th ore-discharging grid node, the simulated ore-discharging for the i-th ore-discharging grid node is stopped, and the simulated ore-discharging for the (i+1)-th ore-discharging grid node is performed; 1≤i≤n-1, where n is the number of ore-discharging grid nodes; For each bottom-pull grid group, when the total simulated ore release mass of the group corresponding to the j-th bottom-pull grid group is equal to the planned ore release mass of the group corresponding to the j-th bottom-pull grid group, the simulated ore release for the j-th bottom-pull grid group is stopped, and the simulated bottom-pull and simulated ore release for the (j+1)-th bottom-pull grid group are performed; 1≤j≤m-1, where m is the number of bottom-pull grid groups.

[0062] Step S1042: Determine the extent of the surface subsidence pit based on the burial depth parameters of each grid cell in the target three-dimensional grid model after the simulated bottoming and simulated ore release, and the vertical displacement of the surface directly above.

[0063] In this embodiment, for each grid cell in the target three-dimensional mesh model after simulated bottoming and simulated ore release, the vertical displacement of the ground surface directly above it represents the settlement amount, which serves as the core standard for delineating the subsidence pit range. The rationality of the subsidence mode is verified in conjunction with the burial depth parameter, and the range of the surface subsidence pit is obtained through analysis.

[0064] In one specific embodiment, step S1042 includes: traversing each grid cell of the target three-dimensional grid model after the simulated bottoming and simulated ore release; for each grid cell, if the burial depth parameter corresponding to the grid cell is less than the vertical displacement of the ground surface directly above the grid cell, then the grid cell is a subsidence area; and taking all the subsidence areas as the range of the surface subsidence pit.

[0065] In this embodiment, each grid cell of the target 3D mesh model after simulated bottoming and simulated ore release is traversed. For each grid cell, if the burial depth parameter corresponding to the grid cell is less than the vertical displacement of the ground surface directly above the grid cell, it indicates that the area where the cell is located has been filled by overlying subsidence material, and therefore the grid cell is a subsidence area. All subsidence areas are taken as the surface subsidence pit range, and the range of the surface subsidence pit is as follows: Figure 10 As shown.

[0066] Step S1043: Obtain the model profile of the target three-dimensional mesh model after the simulated bottoming and simulated ore release, and determine the collapse range based on the model profile.

[0067] In this embodiment, the model profiles of the target three-dimensional mesh model after simulated bottoming and simulated ore release are obtained, transforming the complex three-dimensional problem into a two-dimensional profile problem. Through the model profiles, key phenomena characterizing collapse, such as whether the rock mass has collapsed, whether the displacement is continuous, and whether there are voids, can be directly observed, thereby determining the collapse range.

[0068] In one specific embodiment, step S1043 includes: obtaining the boundary of the stress relaxation zone and the boundary of the rock mass damage zone based on the model profile; calculating the average value of the vertical displacement value corresponding to the boundary of the stress relaxation zone and the vertical displacement value of the boundary of the rock mass damage zone to obtain the collapse index value; for each three-dimensional isosurface of the target three-dimensional mesh model after the simulated bottoming and simulated ore release, if the vertical displacement value of the three-dimensional isosurface is equal to the collapse index value, then the mesh corresponding to the three-dimensional isosurface is the collapse zone; and taking all the collapse zones as the collapse range.

[0069] In this embodiment, the boundaries of the stress relaxation zone and the rock mass damage zone are obtained based on the model profile. The boundary of the stress relaxation zone is as follows: Figure 11 As shown, the boundary of the rock mass damage zone is as follows: Figure 12 As shown; the average value is calculated based on the vertical displacement values ​​corresponding to the boundary of the stress relaxation zone and the boundary of the rock mass damage zone, and this average value is used as the collapse index value; for each three-dimensional isosurface of the target three-dimensional mesh model after simulated bottoming and simulated ore discharge, if the vertical displacement value of the three-dimensional isosurface is equal to the collapse index value, then the mesh corresponding to the three-dimensional isosurface is determined as the collapse zone; all collapse zones are taken as the collapse range, and the collapse range is as follows. Figure 13 As shown, the vertical displacement values ​​of the stress relaxation zone boundary, the rock mass damage zone boundary, and the vertical displacement values ​​of the three-dimensional isosurface are used to analyze the ore-breaking range and improve the accuracy of the analysis.

[0070] The natural caving mining method proposed in this embodiment involves constructing an initial three-dimensional mesh model based on engineering geological parameters, and determining multiple ore-discharging mesh nodes and their corresponding bottom-pulling mesh groups and bottom-pulling group order based on the initial three-dimensional mesh model; calculating the initial stress state based on rock mechanics parameters, and obtaining a target three-dimensional mesh model based on the initial stress state and the initial three-dimensional mesh model; obtaining the final ore-discharging mass of each ore-discharging mesh node, the total ore-discharging mass of the target three-dimensional mesh model, and the planned ore-discharging mass of each bottom-pulling mesh group; and simulating bottom-pulling and ore-discharging on the target three-dimensional mesh model based on the final ore-discharging mass of each node, the total ore-discharging mass of the model, the planned ore-discharging mass of each group, each ore-discharging mesh node, each bottom-pulling mesh group, and their corresponding bottom-pulling group order to obtain the surface subsidence pit range and the caving range. In this way, by simulating bottom pulling and ore release according to the designed bottom pulling sequence, and simulating control based on the final ore release quality of nodes, the total ore release quality of the model, and the planned ore release quality of each group, the key results such as the surface collapse range and rock mass movement law are automatically output, thereby completing the integrated and high-precision simulation of the entire process of natural caving mining.

[0071] Example 2 This disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the natural caving mining process described in Embodiment 1.

[0072] In this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium may be a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, etc.

[0073] The computer-readable storage medium provided in this embodiment can implement the entire process of natural caving mining provided in Embodiment 1. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0074] In all examples shown and described herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations; therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0075] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0076] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for realizing the entire process of natural caving mining, characterized in that, include: An initial three-dimensional mesh model is constructed based on engineering geological parameters, and multiple ore-discharging mesh nodes and their corresponding bottom-pulling mesh groups and bottom-pulling group order are determined based on the initial three-dimensional mesh model. The initial stress state is calculated based on the rock mechanics parameters, and the target three-dimensional mesh model is obtained based on the initial stress state and the initial three-dimensional mesh model. Obtain the final ore release quality of each ore release grid node, the total ore release quality of the target 3D mesh model, and the planned ore release quality of each bottom grid group; Based on the final ore release quality of each node, the total ore release quality of the model, the planned ore release quality of each group, each ore release grid node, each bottom-pulling grid group and its corresponding bottom-pulling group sequence, the target three-dimensional grid model is simulated for bottom-pulling and ore release to obtain the surface subsidence pit range and collapse range.

2. The method for realizing the entire process of natural caving mining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The engineering geological parameters include surface parameters, fault parameters, ore body parameters, and pull-down range parameters. The construction of the initial three-dimensional mesh model based on the engineering geological data includes: Based on the octree method, the initial three-dimensional mesh model is constructed according to the surface parameters, the fault parameters, the ore body parameters, and the pull-down range parameters.

3. The method for realizing the entire process of natural caving mining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The initial stress state includes a first stress state and a second stress state. The calculation of the initial stress state based on rock mechanics parameters, and the generation of the target three-dimensional mesh model based on the initial stress state and the initial three-dimensional mesh model, includes: By inputting the rock mass mechanical parameters, gravitational acceleration, and model boundary constraints into the initial three-dimensional mesh model, an initial three-dimensional mesh model in the first stress state is obtained; The first stress state is adjusted according to the burial depth of each grid cell in the initial three-dimensional mesh model under the first stress state to obtain the target three-dimensional mesh model under the second stress state.

4. The method for realizing the entire process of natural caving mining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the final ore-discharging quality of each of the ore-discharging grid nodes, the total ore-discharging quality of the target 3D mesh model, and the planned ore-discharging quality of each of the bottom-level grid groups includes: The final ore discharge quality of each ore discharge grid node is calculated based on the rock mass density. The total available mining mass of the model is obtained by summing the final mining masses of all the nodes. The planned ore release mass for each of the aforementioned bottom grid groups is obtained based on the preset total ore release mass.

5. The method for realizing the entire process of natural caving mining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method involves simulating bottoming and ore release on the target 3D mesh model based on the final ore release quality of each node, the total ore release quality of the model, the planned ore release quality of each group, each ore release grid node, each bottoming grid group and its corresponding bottoming group sequence, to obtain the surface subsidence pit range and collapse range, including: Based on each of the ore-discharging grid nodes, each of the bottom-pulling grid groups and their corresponding bottom-pulling group order, the target three-dimensional mesh model is simulated for bottom-pulling and ore-discharging to obtain the total simulated ore-discharging mass of the current model. This process continues until the total simulated ore-discharging mass of the current model is equal to the total ore-discharging mass of the model, resulting in the target three-dimensional mesh model after simulated bottom-pulling and ore-discharging. The extent of the surface subsidence pit is determined based on the burial depth parameters of each grid cell in the target three-dimensional grid model after the simulated bottoming and simulated ore release, and the vertical displacement of the surface directly above. Obtain the model profile of the target three-dimensional mesh model after the simulated bottoming and simulated ore release, and determine the collapse range based on the model profile; Specifically, for each of the ore-discharging grid nodes, when the total simulated ore-discharging mass of the node corresponding to the i-th ore-discharging grid node is equal to the final ore-discharging mass of the node corresponding to the i-th ore-discharging grid node, the simulated ore-discharging for the i-th ore-discharging grid node is stopped, and the simulated ore-discharging for the (i+1)-th ore-discharging grid node is performed; 1≤i≤n-1, where n is the number of the ore-discharging grid nodes; For each of the bottom-pull grid groups, when the total simulated ore release mass of the group corresponding to the j-th bottom-pull grid group is equal to the planned ore release mass of the group corresponding to the j-th bottom-pull grid group, the simulated ore release for the j-th bottom-pull grid group is stopped, and the simulated bottom-pull and simulated ore release for the (j+1)-th bottom-pull grid group are performed; 1≤j≤m-1, where m is the number of the bottom-pull grid groups.

6. The method for implementing the entire process of natural caving mining according to claim 5, characterized in that, The determination of the surface subsidence pit range based on the burial depth parameters of each grid cell in the target 3D mesh model after the simulated bottoming and simulated ore release, and the vertical displacement of the surface directly above, includes: Traverse each grid cell of the target 3D mesh model after the simulated bottoming and simulated ore release. For each grid cell, if the burial depth parameter corresponding to the grid cell is less than the vertical displacement of the ground surface directly above the grid cell, then the grid cell is a collapse zone. All the aforementioned subsidence areas are defined as the extent of the surface subsidence pit.

7. The method for realizing the entire process of natural caving mining according to claim 5, characterized in that, Determining the collapse range based on the model profile includes: The boundaries of the stress relaxation zone and the rock mass damage zone are obtained from the model profile. The average value of the vertical displacement value corresponding to the boundary of the stress relaxation zone and the vertical displacement value of the boundary of the rock mass damage zone is calculated to obtain the collapse index value. For each three-dimensional isosurface of the target three-dimensional mesh model after the simulated bottoming and simulated ore release, if the vertical displacement value of the three-dimensional isosurface is equal to the collapse index value, then the mesh facing the three-dimensional isosurface is the collapse zone. All the aforementioned collapse zones are defined as the collapse range.

8. The method for realizing the entire process of natural caving mining according to claim 4, characterized in that, The calculation of the final ore discharge quality of each ore discharge grid node based on rock mass density includes: For each of the aforementioned mining grid nodes, obtain the node mining height and mining area of ​​the mining grid node; The final ore discharge mass of the node is calculated based on the node discharge height, the node discharge area, and the rock mass density.

9. The method for realizing the entire process of natural caving mining according to claim 8, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the mining height of the mining grid node includes: Obtain the vertical distance between the top and bottom of the ore body above the ore-laying grid node; The vertical thickness of the ore body above the ore body is calculated based on the vertical distance from the ore-feeding grid node to the top and bottom of the ore body above it. The ore-feeding parameters are calculated based on the vertical thickness of the ore body above the ore-feeding grid node and the vertical distance from the ore-feeding grid node to the top of the ore body above. If the vertical thickness of the ore body above the ore-discharging grid node is not zero, and the ore-discharging parameter is greater than the preset ore-discharging quantity determination parameter, then the ore-discharging height of the node is the vertical distance from the ore-discharging grid node to the top of the ore body above.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for the entire process of natural caving mining as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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