Intelligent exhibition hall multimedia device layout method and system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of wisdom exhibition hall multimedia equipment layout method and system, it is related to wisdom exhibition hall technical field.The method includes exhibition hall space digital modeling, equipment communication link planning, multi-objective optimization layout site selection, communication protocol adaptation and collaborative debugging, layout scheme dynamic iteration optimization steps;System contains space modeling, communication planning, layout optimization, communication debugging, dynamic iteration module, forms closed loop system.Scheme is accurately mapped space characteristics by digital twin model, determines the optimal layout of equipment in combination with multi-objective optimization algorithm, collaborates communication collaborative debugging and dynamic iteration optimization, ensures that equipment communication is stable, people flow coverage is uniform and visual effect is good, solves the problem that traditional layout precision is insufficient, communication is unstable, difficult to adapt to operational changes, provides efficient and reliable equipment layout solution for wisdom exhibition hall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of smart exhibition hall technology, and in particular to a method and system for the layout of multimedia equipment in smart exhibition halls. Background Technology

[0002] With the deep penetration of digital technology into the exhibition hall sector, smart exhibition halls have transformed from traditional static displays to immersive and interactive experiences, with multimedia equipment (such as display, interactive, and audio devices) becoming the core support. However, the complex physical structure of exhibition halls (including obstructions such as walls and columns) and the significant differences in equipment functional requirements (such as high bandwidth for display devices and low packet loss for audio devices) make it difficult to accurately match spatial characteristics with equipment communication and display needs. This results in problems such as poor equipment communication stability, uneven pedestrian coverage, and unsatisfactory visual effects, hindering the smart upgrade of exhibition halls.

[0003] While some equipment layout methods exist in the industry, they mostly focus on a single optimization objective (such as focusing only on communication signals) and lack a systematic design that incorporates spatial digital modeling, multi-objective collaborative optimization, and dynamic iterative adjustments. Furthermore, the integration of equipment communication link planning with digital twin models is weak, resulting in low clock synchronization accuracy and poor efficiency in adjusting abnormal nodes during the commissioning phase. This makes it difficult to address layout adaptation issues caused by changes in visitor flow and equipment performance degradation during exhibition hall operation. Therefore, an integrated layout solution that balances spatial adaptability, communication stability, and display effectiveness is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method and system for the layout of multimedia equipment in smart exhibition halls, which solves the problems of traditional exhibition hall multimedia equipment layout optimization having a single objective, poor communication stability, and difficulty in dynamically adapting to the spatial characteristics and operational changes of exhibition halls, resulting in uneven pedestrian coverage and poor visual effects.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method for laying out multimedia equipment in a smart exhibition hall, comprising: 1.1 Digital Modeling of Exhibition Hall Space: The physical space three-dimensional geometric parameters and environmental feature parameters of the smart exhibition hall to be laid out are collected by a mobile ground three-dimensional laser scanner. After processing the collected data, a digital twin model of the exhibition hall is constructed based on the WebGL engine, and an indoor spatial positioning coordinate system of the exhibition hall is built by using the UWB-Bluetooth multi-mode fusion positioning algorithm. 1.2 Equipment Communication Link Planning: Based on the type of multimedia equipment and its corresponding functional requirements, the exhibition hall equipment communication area is divided, a star network communication topology is set, and the MQTT-SN lightweight communication algorithm is used to plan the wireless communication links between devices, and the deployment locations of the master communication node and slave communication node are determined; 1.3 Multi-objective optimization layout and site selection: Taking the equipment communication signal strength, the coverage of the exhibition hall and the visual effect of the exhibition area as optimization objectives, a multi-objective optimization function is constructed. The optimal layout coordinates of the multimedia equipment are solved by the multi-objective particle swarm optimization layout algorithm, and the layout coordinates are matched to the corresponding physical location of the digital twin model of the exhibition hall. 1.4 Communication Protocol Adaptation and Collaborative Debugging: Embed the clock synchronization calibration communication algorithm into the communication modules of all multimedia devices, complete the adaptation and deployment of the MQTT-SN communication protocol on the master and slave communication nodes, perform latency detection and packet loss rate detection on the communication links between devices, and fine-tune the position of nodes with communication abnormalities. 1.5 Dynamic Iterative Optimization of Layout Scheme: Collect communication data from actual equipment operation and visitor flow data from exhibition hall operation, establish an evaluation index system for layout scheme, and dynamically adjust the layout position and communication parameters of multimedia equipment based on the evaluation results.

[0006] Preferably, in step 1.1, the physical space three-dimensional geometric parameters and environmental feature parameters of the smart exhibition hall to be laid out are collected using a mobile ground 3D laser scanner. After processing the collected data, the specific process of constructing a digital twin model of the exhibition hall based on the WebGL engine is as follows: 2.1 Deployment of scanning equipment: Fixed ground 3D laser scanners are deployed in a grid pattern within the exhibition hall. For the blind spots of the fixed scanners, mobile ground 3D laser scanners are used for supplementary scanning. The scanners are set to panoramic scanning mode. 2.2 Data Acquisition: The three-dimensional geometric parameters and environmental characteristic parameters of the exhibition hall's physical space were simultaneously acquired using a portable scanner. The three-dimensional geometric parameters included the overall dimensions of the exhibition hall, the three-dimensional coordinates of the boundaries of each exhibition zone, the spatial location of fixed obstructions, the geometric dimensions of the fixed obstructions, the facade contour parameters of the fixed obstructions, and the spatial topology parameters of the exhibition hall. The environmental characteristic parameters included the material of the obstructions, the material type and surface roughness of the exhibition hall walls, the material type and surface roughness of the exhibition hall floor, the material type and surface roughness of the exhibition hall ceiling, and the spatial obstruction density parameters of each area of ​​the exhibition hall. 2.3 Data Processing: The collected point cloud data is imported into the point cloud processing software, and noise reduction, registration, stitching and feature extraction are performed in sequence to remove interference data in the collected data. The point cloud data scanned by multiple devices are stitched into a point cloud model of the entire exhibition hall. The feature values ​​of the three-dimensional geometric parameters and environmental feature parameters in the point cloud model of the entire exhibition hall are extracted to form a standardized parameter dataset. 2.4 Model Construction: A 3D modeling framework was built based on the WebGL engine, using Three.js as the underlying development library of the WebGL engine. The modeling coordinate system of the 3D modeling framework was set to be consistent with the actual physical space coordinate system of the exhibition hall, and the modeling scale was set to a uniform scale. The processed standardized parameter dataset was imported into the 3D modeling framework, and the 3D models of the overall spatial outline of the exhibition hall, the boundaries of each exhibition area, and fixed obstructions were constructed in sequence. The environmental feature parameters were accurately bound to each spatial area of ​​the 3D model, and corresponding parameter labels were added to each node of the 3D model to complete the construction of the digital twin model of the exhibition hall.

[0007] Preferably, in step 1.2, the specific process of dividing the exhibition hall equipment communication area according to the type of multimedia equipment and corresponding functional requirements, setting a star network communication topology, planning the wireless communication links between devices using the MQTT-SN lightweight communication algorithm, and determining the deployment locations of the master and slave communication nodes is as follows: 3.1 Equipment Classification and Function Matching: Multimedia devices are classified according to their functions, and the communication function requirements of each type of multimedia device are clarified. The communication function requirements include communication bandwidth, transmission rate, latency requirements, and packet loss rate requirements. 3.2 Communication Area Division: Based on the exhibition area layout, equipment deployment density, and communication function requirements of various multimedia devices, the exhibition hall is divided into several independent equipment communication areas. Multimedia devices within the same equipment communication area are functionally related devices of the same type or devices used in conjunction with each other. 3.3 Topology Setting: Set the star network communication topology, which includes a core layer, a relay layer, and a terminal layer. The core layer is the master communication node, the relay layer is the slave communication node, and the terminal layer is various multimedia devices. 3.4 Link Planning: Based on the MQTT-SN lightweight communication algorithm, independent wireless communication links are planned for the communication areas of each device, the communication frequency band of the wireless communication links is set, the message format of the MQTT-SN protocol is designed, the message format includes device identifier, data type, transmission address, checksum, and the transmission parameters of the wireless communication link are specified. 3.5 Determining the Node Deployment Location: The main communication node will be deployed in the central control room of the exhibition hall. The deployment location of the main communication node must meet the signal coverage requirements of all areas of the exhibition hall. Slave communication nodes will be deployed according to the communication areas of each device. One slave communication node will be deployed in the communication area of ​​a single device. The slave communication node will be deployed in the center of the corresponding device's communication area, and the deployment location of the slave communication node will avoid signal obstructions. The slave communication node must meet the signal coverage requirements of the communication area of ​​its assigned device. This completes the determination of the deployment locations of the main communication node and slave communication nodes.

[0008] Preferably, in step 1.3, a multi-objective optimization function is constructed with the optimization objectives of device communication signal strength, exhibition hall pedestrian coverage, and visual effect of the display area. The optimal layout coordinates of the multimedia devices are solved using a multi-objective particle swarm optimization layout algorithm, and the specific process of matching the layout coordinates to the corresponding physical location in the digital twin model of the exhibition hall is as follows: 4.1 Evaluation index calculation method: The communication signal strength index of the equipment is calculated by the logarithmic distance path loss model, the pedestrian coverage index of the exhibition hall is calculated based on the heat map data of the exhibition hall, and the visual effect index of the exhibition area is calculated based on the visual angle between the equipment and the audience. 4.2 Construction of Multi-Objective Optimization Function: Construct a multi-objective optimization function with equipment communication signal strength index, exhibition hall pedestrian coverage index, and exhibition area visual effect index as variables, and configure corresponding weight coefficients for each index; 4.3 Optimal Layout Coordinates Solution: The optimal layout coordinates of the multimedia device are solved using a multi-objective particle swarm optimization layout algorithm. The running parameters of the multi-objective particle swarm optimization layout algorithm are set, and the algorithm iteration objective is to maximize the multi-objective optimization function value. The optimal layout coordinates of the multimedia device are obtained through algorithm iteration. 4.4 Coordinate Matching: The optimal layout coordinate set obtained by solving is mapped according to the coordinate system of the digital twin model of the exhibition hall. The optimal layout coordinates of each multimedia device are matched to the physical space location corresponding to the digital twin model of the exhibition hall. Coordinate labels are added to each multimedia device to complete the visual matching of layout coordinates.

[0009] Preferably, in step 1.4, the clock synchronization calibration communication algorithm is embedded into the communication modules of all multimedia devices to complete the adaptation and deployment of the MQTT-SN communication protocol on the master and slave communication nodes. The specific process of performing latency detection and packet loss rate detection on the communication links between devices and fine-tuning the position of nodes with communication abnormalities is as follows: 5.1 Algorithm Embedding: The clock synchronization calibration communication algorithm is compiled into embeddable program code, and the program code is imported into the communication modules of all multimedia devices, master communication nodes and slave communication nodes to complete the embedded deployment of the clock synchronization calibration communication algorithm; 5.2 Protocol Adaptation: Deploy the MQTT-SN protocol server program in the master communication node and the MQTT-SN protocol client program in each slave communication node to complete the MQTT-SN communication protocol adaptation between the master and slave communication nodes and configure the running parameters of the MQTT-SN communication protocol. 5.3 Clock Synchronization Calibration: Using the system clock of the master communication node as the reference clock, the master communication node sends clock synchronization request frames to all slave communication nodes and multimedia devices; after receiving the clock synchronization request frames, the slave communication nodes and multimedia devices send clock response frames back to the master communication node; the master communication node calculates the clock deviation between the master communication node and the slave communication nodes and multimedia devices based on the time difference of frame transmission; the master communication node sends the clock deviation to each slave communication node and multimedia device, and each slave communication node and multimedia device calibrates its local clock according to the clock deviation to achieve clock synchronization of all devices; 5.4 Communication Link Detection: Perform full detection on the communication links between all devices, test the communication latency and packet loss rate of each communication link in turn, set the detection standards for communication latency and packet loss rate, and determine the nodes that do not meet the detection standards as communication abnormal nodes. 5.5 Position Fine-tuning: Fine-tune the coordinates of communication anomaly nodes. Determine the fine-tuning direction based on the communication status of the communication anomaly node. After each coordinate fine-tuning, re-detect the communication latency and packet loss rate of the corresponding communication link until the communication indicators reach the detection standard, thus completing the position fine-tuning of the communication anomaly node.

[0010] As a preferred option, step 1.5 involves collecting communication data from the actual operation of the equipment and pedestrian flow data from the exhibition hall to establish an evaluation index system for the layout scheme. Based on the evaluation results, the layout positions and communication parameters of the multimedia equipment are dynamically adjusted to form a closed-loop optimization of the layout scheme. The specific process is as follows: 6.1 Data Acquisition: Through sensors and equipment communication modules within the exhibition hall, communication data of actual equipment operation and pedestrian flow data of the exhibition hall are collected; communication data includes communication latency, packet loss rate, signal strength, and clock synchronization error; pedestrian flow data includes pedestrian density, pedestrian movement trajectory, and pedestrian dwell time in each area; the collected data is stored in the database of the main communication node; 6.2 Evaluation Index System Establishment: An evaluation index system for the layout scheme is established, which includes multiple primary indicators. Each primary indicator has corresponding secondary indicators. Scoring standards are set for each secondary indicator, and corresponding weight proportions are assigned to each primary indicator. 6.3 Scheme Evaluation: Based on the collected data and the layout scheme evaluation index system, the current layout scheme is quantitatively scored, and the layout scheme is classified into levels based on the quantitative scoring results; 6.4 Dynamic Adjustment: Based on the hierarchical classification results of the layout scheme, execute the corresponding adjustment strategy; the adjustment strategy includes maintaining the current layout scheme and communication parameters, only fine-tuning the communication parameters of the devices, adjusting the layout positions of some devices and optimizing the communication parameters, and resolving the optimal layout coordinates of the devices and comprehensively adjusting the layout positions and communication parameters; 6.5 Closed-loop optimization: Continuously execute data collection, scheme evaluation and dynamic adjustment steps, and optimize the layout scheme in real time according to the actual changes in the operation of the exhibition hall, forming a closed-loop optimization system for the layout scheme.

[0011] Preferably, the data processing in step 2.3 also includes data redundancy verification and region feature annotation: In the standardized parameter dataset, redundant check codes are added to the parameters of each region. These redundant check codes are used to detect data loss or data tampering during data transmission and storage. The point cloud model of the entire exhibition hall is labeled with regional features according to the exhibition hall's display functions. Each display partition is given a unique feature label, which includes the partition name, equipment deployment requirements, and communication function requirements.

[0012] As a preferred option, the digital twin model of the exhibition hall constructed in step 2.4 also needs to undergo lightweight optimization: A model patch simplification algorithm is used to remove redundant patches from the digital twin model of the exhibition hall. The texture of the digital twin model of the exhibition hall is compressed and the texture format is converted. The optimized digital twin model of the exhibition hall supports browser loading without plugins and supports zooming, panning, rotation and local area magnification viewing.

[0013] Preferably, the wireless communication link planned in step 3.4 based on the MQTT-SN lightweight communication algorithm also includes a link redundancy backup mechanism: For each device's communication area, a primary communication link and a backup communication link are planned, and the primary and backup communication links use different communication channels; the communication status of the primary communication link is monitored in real time, and when the primary communication link fails, the communication transmission is automatically switched to the backup communication link.

[0014] This invention also proposes a smart exhibition hall multimedia equipment layout system, which includes a spatial modeling module, a communication planning module, a layout optimization module, a communication debugging module, and a dynamic iteration module. Each module is connected to the signal in sequence to form a closed-loop system for data communication. The spatial modeling module is used to collect the physical space three-dimensional geometric parameters and environmental feature parameters of the exhibition hall through a mobile ground three-dimensional laser scanner. After processing the collected data, a digital twin model of the exhibition hall is constructed based on the WebGL engine, and an indoor spatial positioning coordinate system of the exhibition hall is built through the UWB-Bluetooth multi-mode fusion positioning algorithm. The communication planning module is used to divide the communication area of ​​the exhibition hall equipment according to the type of multimedia equipment and the corresponding functional requirements, set the star network communication topology, use the MQTT-SN lightweight communication algorithm to plan the wireless communication links between devices, and determine the deployment positions of the master communication node and the slave communication node. The layout optimization module is used to construct a multi-objective optimization function with the optimization objectives of device communication signal strength, exhibition hall pedestrian coverage, and visual effect of the display area. It solves the optimal layout coordinates of multimedia devices through a multi-objective particle swarm optimization layout algorithm and matches the layout coordinates to the corresponding physical location of the exhibition hall digital twin model. The communication debugging module is used to embed the clock synchronization calibration communication algorithm into the communication modules of all multimedia devices, complete the adaptation and deployment of the MQTT-SN communication protocol on the master communication node and slave communication node, perform latency detection and packet loss rate detection on the communication link between devices, and fine-tune the position of abnormal communication nodes. The dynamic iteration module is used to collect communication data from actual equipment operation and pedestrian flow data from exhibition hall operation, establish an evaluation index system for layout schemes, and dynamically adjust the layout positions and communication parameters of multimedia equipment based on the evaluation results to achieve closed-loop optimization of the layout scheme.

[0015] Compared with related technologies, the smart exhibition hall multimedia equipment layout method and system provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This solution uses fixed and mobile 3D laser scanners to collect 3D geometric and environmental feature parameters of the exhibition hall, constructs a digital twin model based on the WebGL engine, and combines a UWB-Bluetooth multi-mode fusion positioning coordinate system to achieve accurate mapping between physical space and digital model. Then, with the equipment communication signal strength, pedestrian coverage, and visual effect as objectives, the optimal layout coordinates are solved through a multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm to ensure that the equipment layout is highly matched with the spatial characteristics and functional requirements of the exhibition hall, avoiding poor display effects and resource waste caused by insufficient space adaptation.

[0016] 2. This solution divides communication areas according to device functional requirements, sets up a star network topology, and uses the MQTT-SN lightweight communication algorithm to plan independent wireless links. It configures primary and backup dual links for each area and monitors the switching in real time to avoid channel interference. At the same time, it embeds a clock synchronization calibration algorithm to calculate and calibrate the deviation based on the clock of the primary communication node, ensuring that the clock synchronization error of all devices is controllable. Furthermore, it further reduces communication latency and packet loss rate through full link detection and fine-tuning of abnormal nodes, ensuring the stability of multi-device collaborative operation and meeting the high bandwidth and low latency communication requirements of display, interactive and other devices.

[0017] 3. This solution uses sensors and equipment communication modules to collect communication data (latency, packet loss rate, etc.) and pedestrian flow data (density, trajectory, etc.) in real time. It establishes an evaluation system that includes communication performance, coverage effect, and visual effect. The solution is classified into levels according to quantitative scores and corresponding adjustment strategies are implemented. The excellent level maintains parameters, the good level fine-tunes communication parameters, and the average or poor level adjusts the layout coordinates. It also sets an optimization cycle for continuous iteration, updating the evaluation thresholds and weights according to the actual changes in the operation of the exhibition hall, forming a closed-loop optimization system that can maintain the optimality of the layout solution without frequent manual intervention.

[0018] In summary, this solution, through a full-process design encompassing spatial digital modeling, multi-objective optimized layout, communication collaborative debugging, and dynamic iterative optimization, systematically addresses the issues of insufficient precision, unstable communication, and difficulty in responding to operational changes in traditional exhibition hall multimedia equipment layouts from three core dimensions: spatial adaptation, communication stability, and dynamic adaptation. It achieves a deep integration of equipment layout with the exhibition hall's space and functional requirements, ensuring efficient collaborative operation of multiple devices while reducing subsequent maintenance costs, thus providing reliable technical support for immersive and interactive displays in smart exhibition halls. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 A core module principle block diagram of a smart exhibition hall multimedia equipment layout system provided by the present invention; Figure 2 The internal logic block diagram of the communication planning module provided by this invention; Figure 3 The dynamic iterative optimization closed-loop block diagram provided by this invention; Figure 4 A flowchart of the communication debugging module provided by this invention; Figure 5 The data flow diagram of the spatial modeling module provided by this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] The terminology used in this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. The singular forms “group,” “class,” and “the” as used in this disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0022] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used in this disclosure to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this disclosure, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when," "when," or "in response to determination."

[0023] Please refer to the following: Figures 1-5 This invention proposes a method for the layout of multimedia equipment in a smart exhibition hall, comprising the following steps: 1.1 Digital Modeling of Exhibition Hall Space: The physical space three-dimensional geometric parameters and environmental feature parameters of the smart exhibition hall to be laid out are collected by a mobile ground three-dimensional laser scanner. After processing the collected data, a digital twin model of the exhibition hall is constructed based on the WebGL engine, and an indoor spatial positioning coordinate system of the exhibition hall is built by using the UWB-Bluetooth multi-mode fusion positioning algorithm. 1.2 Equipment Communication Link Planning: Based on the type of multimedia equipment and its corresponding functional requirements, the exhibition hall equipment communication area is divided, a star network communication topology is set, and the MQTT-SN lightweight communication algorithm is used to plan the wireless communication links between devices, and the deployment locations of the master communication node and slave communication node are determined; 1.3 Multi-objective optimization layout and site selection: Taking the equipment communication signal strength, the coverage of the exhibition hall and the visual effect of the exhibition area as optimization objectives, a multi-objective optimization function is constructed. The optimal layout coordinates of the multimedia equipment are solved by the multi-objective particle swarm optimization layout algorithm, and the layout coordinates are matched to the corresponding physical location of the digital twin model of the exhibition hall. 1.4 Communication Protocol Adaptation and Collaborative Debugging: Embed the clock synchronization calibration communication algorithm into the communication modules of all multimedia devices, complete the adaptation and deployment of the MQTT-SN communication protocol on the master and slave communication nodes, perform latency detection and packet loss rate detection on the communication links between devices, and fine-tune the position of nodes with communication abnormalities. 1.5 Dynamic Iterative Optimization of Layout Scheme: Collect communication data from actual equipment operation and visitor flow data from exhibition hall operation, establish an evaluation index system for layout scheme, and dynamically adjust the layout position and communication parameters of multimedia equipment based on the evaluation results to form a closed-loop optimization of the layout scheme.

[0024] Specifically, in step 1.1, the physical space three-dimensional geometric parameters and environmental feature parameters of the smart exhibition hall to be laid out are collected using a mobile ground-based 3D laser scanner. After processing the collected data, the specific process of constructing a digital twin model of the exhibition hall based on the WebGL engine is as follows: 2.1 Scanning equipment deployment: Fixed ground 3D laser scanners are deployed in a grid pattern within the exhibition hall. The grid spacing is determined by the size of the exhibition hall space and the effective scanning range of the scanners. For the scanning blind spots of the fixed scanners, mobile ground 3D laser scanners are used for supplementary scanning. All scanners are set to panoramic scanning mode to ensure that the scanning data covers the entire exhibition hall without omission. 2.2 Data Acquisition: Three-dimensional geometric parameters and environmental characteristic parameters of the exhibition hall's physical space are simultaneously acquired using a portable scanner. The three-dimensional geometric parameters include the overall length L, width W, and height H of the exhibition hall, as well as the three-dimensional coordinates of the boundaries of each exhibition area. (i is the vertex index of the partition boundary), fixed spatial coordinates of the occluded object. Geometric length ,width ,high The set of vertex coordinates of the facade outline of a fixed occluder ( (The sequence number of the contour vertices), the passageway orientation angle θ, and the step height in the exhibition space topology parameters. angular radius Environmental characteristic parameters include the material parameters of the obstruction. Material type parameters of the exhibition hall walls and surface roughness Material type parameters of the exhibition hall floor and surface roughness Material type parameters of the exhibition hall ceiling and surface roughness The spatial obstruction density ρ in each area of ​​the exhibition hall (the proportion of the volume occupied by obstructions per unit volume). 2.3 Data Processing: The collected point cloud data is imported into point cloud processing software, where denoising, registration, stitching, and feature extraction are performed sequentially. The denoising process uses a statistical filtering algorithm to remove data that deviates from the average point cloud distance by more than [a certain value]. ( The interference data is the standard deviation of the point cloud distance; the registration process uses the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm to achieve accurate alignment of point clouds scanned by multiple devices, and the registration error control equation is: (in For reference point cloud data, (The data to be registered is n, which is the number of registration point pairs, and k represents the number of points to be registered). The stitching process merges the point cloud data of multiple devices into a point cloud model of the entire exhibition hall based on the registration results. The feature extraction process extracts the feature values ​​of three-dimensional geometric parameters and environmental feature parameters through key point detection algorithms to form a standardized parameter dataset. 2.4 Model Construction: A 3D modeling framework was built based on the WebGL engine, using Three.js as the underlying development library. The modeling coordinate system of the 3D modeling framework was set to be consistent with the actual physical space coordinate system of the exhibition hall, and the modeling scale was set to 1:1. The processed standardized parameter dataset was imported into the 3D modeling framework, and the 3D models of the overall spatial outline of the exhibition hall, the boundaries of each display area, and fixed obstructions were constructed sequentially through geometric modeling algorithms. The model construction accuracy met the parameter reproduction requirements. The environmental feature parameters were accurately bound to each spatial region of the 3D model through data binding algorithms, and the binding relationship met the requirements. (in Bind the result to the j-th region of the model. Let j be the range of three-dimensional coordinates of the j-th region. (Set the set of environmental feature parameters for region j); add corresponding parameter labels to each node of the 3D model. The labels include the region to which the node belongs, the associated geometric parameters, and the environmental feature parameter identifiers, thus completing the construction of the digital twin model of the exhibition hall.

[0025] It should be noted that in step 1.1, a fixed laser scanner is deployed in a grid, and a mobile scanner is used to fill in blind spots. The panoramic scan collects the three-dimensional geometric and environmental feature parameters of the exhibition hall. After denoising, registration, stitching, and feature extraction, a standardized dataset is formed. Relying on the WebGL engine and Three.js library, a three-dimensional modeling framework consistent with the physical space is built according to a preset scale. The dataset is imported to construct a three-dimensional model containing the outline of the exhibition hall, partition boundaries, and fixed obstructions. Environmental feature parameters are bound and parameter labels are added. Finally, a digital twin model that accurately restores the space and environmental information of the exhibition hall is formed, providing a reliable digital carrier for subsequent equipment communication planning, multi-objective optimization layout, and visualization matching.

[0026] Specifically, in step 1.2, based on the type of multimedia equipment and its corresponding functional requirements, the communication areas of the exhibition hall equipment are divided, a star-shaped network communication topology is set, the MQTT-SN lightweight communication algorithm is used to plan the wireless communication links between devices, and the deployment locations of the master and slave communication nodes are determined as follows: 3.1 Equipment Classification and Function Matching: Multimedia devices are classified into display, interactive, audio, positioning, and communication categories according to their functions, and the communication function requirements parameters for each type of device are clearly defined; among them, the communication bandwidth requirement parameter is denoted as... (k is the device type number), the transmission rate requirement parameter is denoted as Vk, the latency requirement parameter is denoted as Tk, and the packet loss rate requirement parameter is denoted as Lk. The communication function requirements of various devices must be met. , , ( To minimize the allowed communication bandwidth, For the minimum allowed transmission rate, For the maximum allowable delay, (Maximum allowable packet loss rate); 3.2 Communication Area Division: Based on the spatial range parameters of the exhibition hall display zones (m represents the display partition number), equipment deployment density parameter D (number of devices per unit area), and communication function requirements parameters for various devices are used to determine the number and boundaries of communication areas through a region division algorithm. The division criteria are as follows: (Z represents the communication area division result); devices within the same communication area must meet the functional correlation formula. ( The number of devices associated with the function. (Total number of devices in the region) to ensure functional coordination of devices within the region; 3.3 Topology Configuration: Configure a star network communication topology, which includes a core layer, a relay layer, and a terminal layer; the core layer consists of the main communication nodes, denoted as... The relay layer consists of communication nodes, denoted as... (n is the number of communication nodes); the terminal layer consists of various multimedia devices, denoted as... (p represents the total number of terminal devices); the communication logic of the topology satisfies With all direct communication, With all within its jurisdiction Direct communication forms a hierarchical communication link; 3.4 Link Planning: Based on the MQTT-SN lightweight communication algorithm, independent wireless communication links are planned for each communication area. The link communication frequency band is set as f, and the MQTT-SN protocol message format is designed as follows: (ID is the device identifier, Type is the data type, Addr is the transmission address, Check is the checksum, and Data is the valid data); the checksum is calculated using the CRC algorithm, and the formula is... (Poly is a CRC polynomial); specify the link transmission parameters, including the heartbeat interval. Number of retransmissions K, transmission timeout And it satisfies the link transmission efficiency formula ( To effectively transmit data, (Total amount of data transmitted). 3.5 Determining the Node Deployment Location: The main communication node... Deployed in the central control room of the exhibition hall, its deployment location coordinates The signal coverage formula must be met. ( The signal coverage radius of the master node. (for signal coverage height), ensure Covering the entire exhibition hall area; deploying communication nodes according to communication areas One communication node is deployed in a single communication area. Its deployment location is the center coordinate of the corresponding area. The center coordinates are calculated using the region boundary coordinates, using the following formula: , , ,in , , These represent the maximum and minimum coordinates of the region boundary, respectively; from the communication node The deployment location must avoid signal obstructions and meet the signal coverage formula. ( To be the signal coverage radius from the node, For signal coverage height, (indicate), ensure Covering the relevant communication area, the deployment locations of the master and slave communication nodes are determined.

[0027] It should be noted that step 1.2 involves classifying multimedia devices and clarifying their communication requirements. Communication areas are then divided based on the exhibition hall's spatial layout and device deployment density to ensure functional synergy within each area. A star-shaped network topology is then established, with the core layer as the primary communication node, the relay layer as secondary communication nodes, and the terminal layer for multimedia devices. Independent wireless links are planned for each area based on the MQTT-SN algorithm, specifying frequency bands, message formats, and transmission parameters. Finally, the primary communication node is deployed in the central control room to cover the entire area, while secondary communication nodes are deployed at the center of each area, avoiding obstructions, to ensure signal coverage within their respective areas. This overall process achieves orderly planning of device communication links and rational deployment of nodes, providing a stable and reliable network foundation for multi-device collaborative communication.

[0028] Specifically, in step 1.3, a multi-objective optimization function is constructed with the optimization objectives of device communication signal strength, exhibition hall visitor coverage, and visual effect of the display area. The optimal layout coordinates of the multimedia devices are solved using a multi-objective particle swarm optimization layout algorithm. The specific process of matching the layout coordinates to the corresponding physical locations in the digital twin model of the exhibition hall is as follows: 4.1 Determination of Evaluation Index Calculation Methods: The communication signal strength index of the equipment is calculated using the logarithmic distance path loss model; the pedestrian coverage index of the exhibition hall is calculated based on the heat map data of the exhibition hall pedestrian flow; and the visual effect index of the exhibition area is calculated based on the visual angle between the equipment and the audience. 4.1.1 Calculation of Equipment Communication Signal Strength Index: Based on the logarithmic distance path loss model, the formula is as follows: ,in The signal power at the receiving end (i.e., the communication signal strength index S) is the signal power at the receiving end. The transmitting signal power, For reference distance The path loss at point d is given by n, where n is the path loss exponent and d is the communication distance between devices. For shadow fading; the signal strength normalization formula is: , For maximum received power, Minimum communicable receive power, ; 4.1.2 Calculation of Exhibition Hall Pedestrian Coverage Index: The exhibition hall area is divided into grids of number M×N, and a threshold for pedestrian density in each grid is set. ,satisfy The number of grids is K, and the pedestrian coverage index is... ,in For grid coordinates, For grid The actual population density; 4.1.3 Calculation of Visual Effect Indicators for the Display Area: The equipment installation height is set as h, and the baseline standing height for the audience is... The horizontal distance between the equipment and the audience is visual angle The optimal visual angle is Calculate visual effect metrics ,in To the maximum acceptable visual angle deviation, ; 4.2 Construction of Multi-Objective Optimization Function: Constructing the multi-objective optimization function ,in This represents the layout coordinate vector of the multimedia device. These are weighting coefficients for equipment communication signal strength, exhibition hall pedestrian coverage, and visual effects of the display area, respectively, and they satisfy... ; 4.3 Optimal layout coordinate solution: 4.3.1 Parameter settings for the multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm: Particle population size is... The particle dimension is 3 (corresponding to three-dimensional coordinates), and the maximum number of iterations is The particle velocity update formula is: Where ω is the inertia weight, , As a learning factor, , A random number in the interval [0,1]. Let be the velocity of the i-th particle in generation t. Let i be the position of the i-th particle in generation t. Let i be the optimal position for the i-th particle. The optimal position for the entire population; 4.3.2 The particle position update formula is as follows: Simultaneously set position constraints The corresponding physical space coordinate range of the exhibition hall; 4.3.3 Using multi-objective optimization functions Maximizing the value is the iteration objective, through The solution is obtained in several iterations, outputting the set of the global optimal positions of the population. (q is the number of multimedia devices), which is the optimal set of layout coordinates for multimedia devices; 4.4 Coordinate Matching: Matching each coordinate in the optimal layout coordinate set obtained from the solution. According to the coordinate system mapping relationship T of the digital twin model of the exhibition hall: Perform the conversion, where the conversion formula is: , , ,in The calibration parameters for the model coordinate system and the physical space coordinate system; the transformed coordinates Match the physical location corresponding to the digital twin model, add a label containing coordinate information to each device, and complete the visual matching of layout coordinates.

[0029] It should be noted that step 1.3 uses three evaluation indicators—device communication signal strength, pedestrian coverage, and visual effect—to quantify and normalize these indicators using a logarithmic distance path loss model, pedestrian heat map analysis, and visual angle calculation. Then, a multi-objective optimization function containing the three indicators and their corresponding weights is constructed. A particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to set parameters such as population size and iteration count, and iteratively solves the problem under the constraints of the exhibition hall's physical space coordinates to obtain the optimal layout coordinate set for the multimedia equipment. Finally, the optimal coordinates are mapped and matched to their corresponding physical locations using a digital twin model coordinate system, and coordinate labels are added for visualization. This ensures that the equipment layout considers communication, coverage, and visual effect, improving the scientific nature and accuracy of the layout.

[0030] Specifically, in step 1.4, the clock synchronization calibration communication algorithm is embedded into the communication modules of all multimedia devices, the MQTT-SN communication protocol is adapted and deployed on the master and slave communication nodes, latency and packet loss rate are detected on the communication links between devices, and the position is fine-tuned for nodes with communication abnormalities. 5.1 Algorithm Embedding: Compiling the clock synchronization calibration communication algorithm into embeddable program code. Through the interface of the device communication module Import all multimedia devices and main communication node and from communication nodes The communication module completes the embedded deployment of the algorithm, ensuring that the hardware interface between the algorithm and the device communication module is compatible and runs stably; 5.2 Protocol Adaptation: On the main communication node Internal deployment of MQTT-SN protocol server program At each communication node (i=1,2,...,n) Deploy MQTT-SN protocol client programs Configure the MQTT-SN protocol's operating parameters, including the client identifier. Server address Keep-up time QoS level The parameter configuration must meet the protocol communication compatibility requirements to ensure normal protocol interaction between the master and slave communication nodes; 5.3 Clock Synchronization Calibration: 5.3.1 Using the main communication node system clock As the reference clock, To all communication nodes and multimedia equipment Send clock synchronization request frame Record the sending time ; 5.3.2 From the communication node and multimedia equipment take over Then, record the receiving time. and immediately to Feedback clock response frame Record the sending time ; 5.3.3 Master Communication Node take over Then, record the receiving time. Through formula Calculate the clock skew between the master communication node, slave communication nodes, and multimedia devices. ; 5.3.4 Master Communication Node clock skew Encapsulated as calibration instructions Send to each communication node and multimedia equipment Each device is based on the formula For local clock Calibration is performed to synchronize the clocks of all devices, ensuring the synchronization accuracy meets the requirements. ( (for clock synchronization tolerance) 5.4 Communication Link Detection: 5.4.1 Communication links between all devices (including and , and Perform a full inspection and send test data packets to each link. The data packet size is ; 5.4.2 Calculating Communication Delay ,in For sending At that moment, To receive feedback data packets The moment; 5.4.3 Calculate the packet loss rate ,in For sending Total quantity To receive successfully Quantity; 5.4.4 Setting Communication Delay Thresholds and packet loss rate threshold If the link detection result satisfies or If so, the terminal node corresponding to that link is determined to be a communication failure node. ; 5.5 Position fine-tuning: 5.5.1 Identifying Nodes with Communication Anomalies Current coordinates and its corresponding communication area's slave communication nodes coordinates Calculate the fine-tuning direction vector And normalize the vector. ; 5.5.2 Set the single fine-tuning step size s. The step size is determined based on the degree of deviation in the communication indicators of the abnormal node. The larger the deviation, the smaller the step size. This is done using the formula... Calculate the new coordinates after fine-tuning; 5.5.3 After deploying the node according to the new coordinates, re-execute the communication link detection in step 5.4. If the detection result still does not meet the threshold requirement, repeat the fine-tuning process until the communication delay is reduced. And packet loss rate This allows for fine-tuning of the location of nodes experiencing communication anomalies.

[0031] It should be noted that step 1.4 involves embedding the clock synchronization calibration algorithm into the communication modules of all devices and communication nodes, deploying the MQTT-SN protocol server program on the main communication node, deploying the client program on the communication nodes and configuring the protocol operating parameters; then, using the clock of the main communication node as a reference, calculating the deviation and calibrating by sending and receiving clock frames to achieve clock synchronization of all devices; subsequently, performing a full test on the communication links between all devices, calculating the latency and packet loss rate by testing data packets, and identifying abnormal communication nodes; finally, determining the fine-tuning direction based on the coordinates of the abnormal nodes and their respective regions from the communication nodes, adjusting the coordinates by setting the step size according to the degree of deviation, and repeating the test until the communication indicators meet the standards, thereby ensuring the compatibility of communication protocols between devices, clock synchronization, and link stability, and improving the reliability of multi-device collaborative operation.

[0032] Specifically, in step 1.5, the communication data of the actual operation of the equipment and the flow of people in the exhibition hall are collected to establish an evaluation index system for the layout scheme. Based on the evaluation results, the layout location and communication parameters of the multimedia equipment are dynamically adjusted to form a closed-loop optimization of the layout scheme. The specific process is as follows: 6.1 Data Acquisition: Real-time communication data of equipment operation and visitor flow data are collected via sensors and communication modules within the exhibition hall; communication data includes communication latency. (Communication delay between device i and device j), packet loss rate (Packet loss rate between device i and device j), signal strength (Received signal strength of device k), clock synchronization error (Deviation between device m and the reference clock); People flow data includes people flow density. (Time t coordinate) (Population density at the location) and pedestrian movement patterns (Location coordinate sequence of person p at time t), duration of pedestrian stay in each area) (Cumulative time spent by personnel in the corresponding area); The collected data will be sorted by timestamp. The index is stored in the database of the main communication node, and the data storage format meets the requirements. ; 6.2 Evaluation Index System Establishment: An evaluation index system for the layout scheme is established, which includes three primary indicators: communication performance (A), coverage effect (B), and visual effect (C). Each primary indicator has secondary indicators. The secondary indicators for communication performance A include latency compliance rate. Packet loss rate compliance rate Signal strength pass rate Clock synchronization accuracy The secondary indicators of coverage effect B include the uniformity of pedestrian coverage. Coverage of key areas The secondary indicators of visual effect C include the visual angle compliance rate. Equipment visibility coverage ; Set scoring criteria for each secondary indicator (idx is the secondary indicator number), the scoring range is [0, 100]; assign weight coefficients to the primary indicators. ,satisfy And all weight coefficients are greater than 0; 6.3 Scheme Evaluation: 6.3.1 Calculation of Secondary Indicator Scores: Delay Compliance Rate ( To ensure that the communication delay meets the threshold The number of links, (Total number of communication links); packet loss rate target rate ( To ensure the packet loss rate meets the threshold The number of links, (Total number of communication links); signal strength qualification rate ( For the signal strength to meet the threshold The number of devices (total number of devices); clock synchronization accuracy ( This represents the average clock synchronization error across all devices. (Maximum allowable clock synchronization error); uniformity of pedestrian coverage ( The standard deviation of human flow density (mean of human population density); coverage of key areas ( coordinates (Grid area at the location); visual angle compliance rate ( For visual angles to be within a reasonable range The number of devices inside, (Total number of devices); device visibility coverage rate ( The visible space volume of a single device. (Total exhibition space volume). 6.3.2 Calculation of Primary Indicator Scores: , , ( These are the weight coefficients of the corresponding secondary indicators, and the sum of the weight coefficients of the secondary indicators belonging to the same primary indicator is 1. 6.3.3 Comprehensive Scoring and Grading: Comprehensive Scoring of Layout Scheme Based on the comprehensive scoring results, levels are divided, and level thresholds T1, T2, and T3 (T1>T2>T3) are set. At that time, it was rated as excellent. At that time, it was a good grade. At that time, it was a general level. The current rating is relatively poor. 6.4 Dynamic Adjustment: 6.4.1 Excellent Level: Keep the current layout and communication parameters unchanged, and only record the data for subsequent optimization analysis; 6.4.2 Good Level: Only minor adjustments to the device's communication parameters are required. The formula for adjusting the communication parameters is as follows: ( These are the original communication parameters. To adjust the communication parameters, (This refers to the maximum adjustment range of the parameters), and the adjustable parameters include signal transmission power, communication frequency band, and transmission rate. 6.4.3 General Level: For areas where communication performance, coverage, or visual effects are substandard, the layout of up to 30% of the devices within the corresponding area will be fine-tuned. The fine-tuning coordinate formula is as follows: (in () represents the original coordinates of the device. To fine-tune the step size, (To fine-tune the direction vector), and at the same time optimize the communication parameters according to the parameter adjustment rules of the good level; 6.4.4 Poor Level: Re-invoke the multi-objective particle swarm optimization layout algorithm, input the updated exhibition hall operation data, solve for the new optimal layout coordinate set, adjust the equipment layout positions according to the new coordinates, and reconfigure the communication parameters; 6.5 Closed-loop optimization: Setting the optimization cycle The process involves continuous data collection, scheme evaluation, and dynamic adjustment, executed periodically, using formulas. ( This is the result of the iterth optimization. This is the result of the iter−1th optimization. To optimize the amplitude, This is the 1st comprehensive score. This is the iter−1th comprehensive score. To continuously optimize the layout scheme (with a preset full score), the evaluation index thresholds and weight coefficients are dynamically updated based on actual changes in the operation of the exhibition hall (such as adjustments to the display content and changes in visitor flow patterns), forming a closed-loop optimization system for the layout scheme.

[0033] It should be noted that step 1.5 establishes an evaluation system by collecting real-time device communication data and pedestrian flow data and storing them by timestamp, including three primary indicators: communication performance, coverage effect, and visual effect, as well as corresponding secondary indicators. Scoring standards and weighting coefficients are set. A comprehensive score is obtained by quantitatively calculating the scores of each indicator, classifying the scores into four levels: excellent, good, average, and poor, and implementing corresponding adjustment strategies. For excellent levels, parameters are maintained; for good levels, communication parameters are fine-tuned; for average levels, some device layouts and communication parameters are fine-tuned; and for poor levels, the optimal coordinates are recalculated and comprehensively adjusted. An optimization cycle is set for continuous iteration, dynamically updating the evaluation thresholds and weights to form a closed-loop optimization system. This ensures that the layout scheme continuously adapts to changes in exhibition hall operations, maintaining the optimal state of communication, coverage, and visual effects.

[0034] Specifically, the data processing in step 2.3 also includes data redundancy verification and regional feature annotation, the specific process of which is as follows: 7.1 Data Redundancy Verification: In the standardized parameter dataset, a unique area identifier is assigned to each parameter data block corresponding to each area, based on the exhibition hall's regional division. For the parameter data of each area, a redundancy verification algorithm is used to generate a unique redundancy check code. This check code is bound and stored with the corresponding area's parameter data and area identifier, forming a complete data unit with verification. After subsequent data transmission or storage operations, the check code is recalculated using the same verification algorithm. The newly generated check code is compared with the originally bound check code to determine whether the data has been lost or tampered with during transmission or storage. If the check codes do not match, a data error correction or re-acquisition mechanism is triggered.

[0035] 7.2 Regional Feature Labeling: Based on the pre-defined display function categories of the exhibition hall, the entire point cloud model of the exhibition hall is divided into corresponding regions, and a unique partition identifier is assigned to each display partition. A unique feature label is created for each display partition, clearly recording the partition name and detailing the equipment deployment requirements for that partition, including the permitted equipment types, space limitations for equipment installation, and the communication function requirements that the equipment within that partition must meet, covering core requirements such as communication bandwidth and transmission stability.

[0036] 7.3 Association and Retrieval Optimization: A mapping relationship is established between the partition identifier of the display partition and the area identifier in the corresponding area parameter data unit, so that each display partition is accurately associated with the corresponding standardized parameter dataset. A dual query index is built based on the partition identifier and partition name. When it is necessary to retrieve relevant data of a certain display partition, the corresponding parameter dataset, equipment deployment requirements and communication function requirements can be quickly located by entering the partition identifier or partition name, without having to traverse all the data, which greatly improves the efficiency and accuracy of data retrieval.

[0037] It should be noted that step 2.3 involves configuring unique identifiers and dedicated redundant check codes for each region's parameters in the standardized parameter dataset and binding and storing them. The integrity and security of data transmission and storage are ensured through check code comparison. The exhibition hall's full-area point cloud model is divided according to the display function and assigned partition identifiers. Feature tags containing partition names, equipment deployment requirements, and communication function requirements are added to each partition. A mapping relationship between partition identifiers and parameter data units is established, and a dual query index is constructed to achieve rapid and accurate retrieval of relevant data, providing secure, standardized, and efficient data support for subsequent equipment layout planning.

[0038] Specifically, the digital twin model of the exhibition hall constructed in step 2.4 still needs to undergo lightweight optimization. The specific process is as follows: 8.1 Model Facet Simplification: A model facet simplification algorithm based on quadratic error measurement is used to filter and remove triangular faces from the digital twin model of the exhibition hall. First, a facet simplification threshold is set, representing the upper limit of the allowable geometric error of the model. Then, for each triangular facet in the model, its corresponding quadratic error is calculated. The calculation logic is based on the facet vertex coordinates and the matrix and vector parameters related to the quadratic error, accumulating the error contribution of each vertex. The calculated quadratic error is compared with the set threshold: if the quadratic error of a triangular facet is greater than the threshold, it indicates that it plays an important role in restoring the spatial structure of the model, and the facet is retained; if the quadratic error does not exceed the threshold, it is determined to be a redundant facet and is removed. This operation reduces the number of faces in the model while ensuring that the geometric error of the simplified model does not exceed the preset threshold.

[0039] 8.2 Texture Compression Optimization: Compression processing is performed on the texture images associated with the model. First, the original texture file format is converted to a more efficient compression format. Then, the compression ratio is calculated using a texture compression algorithm; the compression ratio is the ratio of the original texture file size to the compressed texture file size. A minimum compression ratio threshold is also set, ensuring that the actual compression ratio does not fall below this threshold during the compression process. This reduces the storage space occupied by texture files while maintaining no significant distortion in the texture's visual effect, and also shortens the time consumed during texture loading and transmission.

[0040] 8.3 Optimization Effect Verification: The optimized digital twin model of the exhibition hall must meet the loading performance requirements, meaning the model's loading time should not exceed the preset maximum allowable loading time threshold. Simultaneously, the model must support smooth loading in a browser without additional plugins and possess complete interactive operation functions, including zooming, panning, rotating, and magnifying any local area. When magnifying a local area, the magnified view must clearly present the spatial details of that area, the outline of fixed obstructions, and the parameter label information corresponding to the model nodes. This provides a clear and usable digital carrier for subsequent visualization planning, coordinate matching, and scheme adjustment of multimedia equipment layout, fully meeting the visualization operation requirements of the entire equipment layout process.

[0041] It should be noted that step 2.4 uses an algorithm based on quadratic error measurement to filter and remove redundant patches, simplifying the model structure while controlling geometric errors; the texture image is converted and compressed according to threshold requirements to reduce storage usage and loading / transmission time; the optimized model supports smooth loading in browsers without plugins, and has scaling, translation, rotation, and local magnification functions, which can clearly present spatial details and parameter labels. This not only improves the ease of use and running efficiency of the model, but also provides a high-quality digital carrier for the subsequent visualization planning, coordinate matching, and scheme adjustment of equipment layout, ensuring the accuracy and efficiency of layout operations.

[0042] Specifically, in step 3.4, the wireless communication link planned based on the MQTT-SN lightweight communication algorithm also sets up a link redundancy backup mechanism. The specific process is as follows: 9.1 Redundant Link Planning: A primary communication link and a backup communication link are planned for each device's communication area. The primary and backup links use different communication channels with different frequencies to avoid interference. The primary communication link is responsible for data transmission under normal conditions, while the backup communication link is in a standby state and only activates data transmission when the primary communication link fails.

[0043] 9.2 Communication Status Monitoring: A dedicated link status monitoring module continuously collects communication parameters of the main communication link, including communication latency, packet loss rate, and signal strength. Simultaneously, fault determination thresholds are set, including the maximum allowable communication latency, the maximum allowable packet loss rate, and the minimum allowable signal strength. Based on these parameters and thresholds, link fault determination rules are constructed: when any one of the following occurs: the main communication link's latency exceeds the maximum allowable value, the packet loss rate exceeds the maximum allowable value, or the signal strength falls below the minimum allowable value, a communication fault is determined to have occurred in the main communication link.

[0044] 9.3 Automatic Link Switching: When a failure is detected in the primary communication link, a link switching mechanism is immediately triggered. The trigger time for link switching consists of two parts: the fault detection time and the link synchronization time. Through a link switching control algorithm, communication transmission is switched from the primary communication link to the backup communication link. During the switching process, a data caching mechanism is used to temporarily store the data to be transmitted. The amount of cached data must not exceed the product of the backup link's communication bandwidth and the switching trigger time to avoid data loss.

[0045] 9.4 Post-Switchover Verification and Switchback: After the link switchover is completed, the communication parameters of the backup communication link are continuously monitored, including its communication latency, packet loss rate, and signal strength. The communication validity of the backup link is verified using verification rules: the switchover is confirmed as successful and the backup link is used continuously only when all three conditions are met simultaneously: the latency of the backup link does not exceed the maximum allowable value, the packet loss rate does not exceed the maximum allowable value, and the signal strength is not lower than the minimum allowable value. After the fault of the primary communication link is cleared, the communication parameters of the primary link must be allowed to continuously meet the normal threshold standards for a preset stable duration before the communication transmission is switched back to the primary communication link using a switchback algorithm, thereby ensuring the continuity and stability of the communication links between devices.

[0046] It should be noted that step 3.4 involves planning primary and backup communication links with different channels for each device's communication area. The primary link handles normal data transmission, while the backup link is on standby in real time. A dedicated module continuously collects the primary link's latency, packet loss rate, and signal strength and compares them with preset thresholds. If any parameter fails to meet the standard, a fault is determined. Upon triggering a fault, link switching is immediately initiated, and a data caching mechanism is used to prevent transmission loss. After switching, the effectiveness of the backup link's communication is verified. Once the primary link fault is resolved and the parameters are stable and meet the standards, automatic reconnection is performed. This ensures continuous and stable communication links between devices throughout the process, improving the reliability and anti-interference capability of multi-device collaborative communication.

[0047] A smart exhibition hall multimedia equipment layout system includes a spatial modeling module, a communication planning module, a layout optimization module, a communication debugging module, and a dynamic iteration module. Each module is connected to the signal in sequence to form a closed-loop system for data communication. The spatial modeling module is used to collect the physical space three-dimensional geometric parameters and environmental feature parameters of the exhibition hall through a mobile ground three-dimensional laser scanner. After processing the collected data, a digital twin model of the exhibition hall is built based on the WebGL engine, and an indoor spatial positioning coordinate system of the exhibition hall is built through the UWB-Bluetooth multi-mode fusion positioning algorithm. The communication planning module is used to divide the communication areas of the exhibition hall equipment according to the type of multimedia equipment and corresponding functional requirements, set the star network communication topology, use the MQTT-SN lightweight communication algorithm to plan the wireless communication links between devices, and determine the deployment positions of the master communication node and the slave communication node. The layout optimization module is used to construct a multi-objective optimization function with the optimization objectives of device communication signal strength, exhibition hall pedestrian coverage, and visual effect of the display area. It solves the optimal layout coordinates of multimedia devices through a multi-objective particle swarm optimization layout algorithm and matches the layout coordinates to the corresponding physical location of the exhibition hall digital twin model. The communication debugging module is used to embed the clock synchronization calibration communication algorithm into the communication modules of all multimedia devices, complete the adaptation and deployment of the MQTT-SN communication protocol on the master and slave communication nodes, perform latency detection and packet loss rate detection on the communication links between devices, and fine-tune the position of abnormal communication nodes. The dynamic iteration module is used to collect communication data from actual equipment operation and visitor flow data from exhibition hall operation, establish an evaluation index system for layout schemes, and dynamically adjust the layout positions and communication parameters of multimedia equipment based on the evaluation results to achieve closed-loop optimization of the layout scheme.

[0048] Other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the invention are indicated by the following claims.

[0049] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for laying out multimedia equipment in a smart exhibition hall, characterized by comprising the following steps: 1.1 Digital Modeling of Exhibition Hall Space: The physical space three-dimensional geometric parameters and environmental feature parameters of the smart exhibition hall to be laid out are collected by a mobile ground three-dimensional laser scanner. After processing the collected data, a digital twin model of the exhibition hall is constructed based on the WebGL engine, and an indoor spatial positioning coordinate system of the exhibition hall is built by using the UWB-Bluetooth multi-mode fusion positioning algorithm. 1.2 Equipment Communication Link Planning: Based on the type of multimedia equipment and its corresponding functional requirements, the exhibition hall equipment communication area is divided, a star network communication topology is set, and the MQTT-SN lightweight communication algorithm is used to plan the wireless communication links between devices, and the deployment locations of the master communication node and slave communication node are determined; 1.3 Multi-objective optimization layout and site selection: Taking the equipment communication signal strength, the coverage of the exhibition hall and the visual effect of the exhibition area as optimization objectives, a multi-objective optimization function is constructed. The optimal layout coordinates of the multimedia equipment are solved by the multi-objective particle swarm optimization layout algorithm, and the layout coordinates are matched to the corresponding physical location of the digital twin model of the exhibition hall. 1.4 Communication Protocol Adaptation and Collaborative Debugging: Embed the clock synchronization calibration communication algorithm into the communication modules of all multimedia devices, complete the adaptation and deployment of the MQTT-SN communication protocol on the master and slave communication nodes, perform latency detection and packet loss rate detection on the communication links between devices, and fine-tune the position of nodes with communication abnormalities. 1.5 Dynamic Iterative Optimization of Layout Scheme: Collect communication data from actual equipment operation and visitor flow data from exhibition hall operation, establish an evaluation index system for layout scheme, and dynamically adjust the layout position and communication parameters of multimedia equipment based on the evaluation results.

2. The method for arranging multimedia equipment in a smart exhibition hall according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 1.1 involves collecting the physical space 3D geometric parameters and environmental feature parameters of the smart exhibition hall to be laid out using a mobile terrestrial 3D laser scanner. After processing the collected data, the specific process of constructing a digital twin model of the exhibition hall based on the WebGL engine is as follows: 2.1 Deployment of scanning equipment: Fixed ground 3D laser scanners are deployed in a grid pattern within the exhibition hall. For the blind spots of the fixed scanners, mobile ground 3D laser scanners are used for supplementary scanning. The scanners are set to panoramic scanning mode. 2.2 Data Acquisition: The three-dimensional geometric parameters and environmental characteristic parameters of the exhibition hall's physical space were simultaneously acquired using a portable scanner. The three-dimensional geometric parameters included the overall dimensions of the exhibition hall, the three-dimensional coordinates of the boundaries of each exhibition zone, the spatial location of fixed obstructions, the geometric dimensions of the fixed obstructions, the facade contour parameters of the fixed obstructions, and the spatial topology parameters of the exhibition hall. The environmental characteristic parameters included the material of the obstructions, the material type and surface roughness of the exhibition hall walls, the material type and surface roughness of the exhibition hall floor, the material type and surface roughness of the exhibition hall ceiling, and the spatial obstruction density parameters of each area of ​​the exhibition hall. 2.3 Data Processing: The collected point cloud data is imported into the point cloud processing software, and noise reduction, registration, stitching and feature extraction are performed in sequence to remove interference data in the collected data. The point cloud data scanned by multiple devices are stitched into a point cloud model of the entire exhibition hall. The feature values ​​of the three-dimensional geometric parameters and environmental feature parameters in the point cloud model of the entire exhibition hall are extracted to form a standardized parameter dataset. 2.4 Model Construction: A 3D modeling framework was built based on the WebGL engine, using Three.js as the underlying development library of the WebGL engine. The modeling coordinate system of the 3D modeling framework was set to be consistent with the actual physical space coordinate system of the exhibition hall, and the modeling scale was set to a uniform scale. The processed standardized parameter dataset was imported into the 3D modeling framework, and the 3D models of the overall spatial outline of the exhibition hall, the boundaries of each exhibition area, and fixed obstructions were constructed in sequence. The environmental feature parameters were accurately bound to each spatial area of ​​the 3D model, and corresponding parameter labels were added to each node of the 3D model to complete the construction of the digital twin model of the exhibition hall.

3. The method for arranging multimedia equipment in a smart exhibition hall according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 1.2 involves dividing the exhibition hall's equipment communication areas according to the type and corresponding functional requirements of the multimedia devices, setting a star-shaped network communication topology, using the MQTT-SN lightweight communication algorithm to plan the wireless communication links between devices, and determining the deployment locations of the master and slave communication nodes. The specific process is as follows: 3.1 Equipment Classification and Function Matching: Multimedia devices are classified according to their functions, and the communication function requirements of each type of multimedia device are clarified. The communication function requirements include communication bandwidth, transmission rate, latency requirements, and packet loss rate requirements. 3.2 Communication Area Division: Based on the exhibition area layout, equipment deployment density, and communication function requirements of various multimedia devices, the exhibition hall is divided into several independent equipment communication areas. Multimedia devices within the same equipment communication area are functionally related devices of the same type or devices used in conjunction with each other. 3.3 Topology Setting: Set the star network communication topology, which includes a core layer, a relay layer, and a terminal layer. The core layer is the master communication node, the relay layer is the slave communication node, and the terminal layer is various multimedia devices. 3.4 Link Planning: Based on the MQTT-SN lightweight communication algorithm, independent wireless communication links are planned for the communication areas of each device, the communication frequency band of the wireless communication links is set, the message format of the MQTT-SN protocol is designed, the message format includes device identifier, data type, transmission address, checksum, and the transmission parameters of the wireless communication link are specified. 3.5 Determining the Node Deployment Location: The main communication node will be deployed in the central control room of the exhibition hall. The deployment location of the main communication node must meet the signal coverage requirements of all areas of the exhibition hall. Slave communication nodes will be deployed according to the communication areas of each device. One slave communication node will be deployed in the communication area of ​​a single device. The slave communication node will be deployed in the center of the corresponding device's communication area, and the deployment location of the slave communication node will avoid signal obstructions. The slave communication node must meet the signal coverage requirements of the communication area of ​​its assigned device. This completes the determination of the deployment locations of the main communication node and slave communication nodes.

4. The method for arranging multimedia equipment in a smart exhibition hall according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 1.3 uses the device communication signal strength, exhibition hall visitor coverage, and visual effect of the display area as optimization objectives to construct a multi-objective optimization function. The optimal layout coordinates of the multimedia devices are then solved using a multi-objective particle swarm optimization layout algorithm. The specific process of matching these layout coordinates to the corresponding physical locations in the exhibition hall's digital twin model is as follows: 4.1 Evaluation index calculation method: The communication signal strength index of the equipment is calculated by the logarithmic distance path loss model, the pedestrian coverage index of the exhibition hall is calculated based on the heat map data of the exhibition hall, and the visual effect index of the exhibition area is calculated based on the visual angle between the equipment and the audience. 4.2 Construction of Multi-Objective Optimization Function: Construct a multi-objective optimization function with equipment communication signal strength index, exhibition hall pedestrian coverage index, and exhibition area visual effect index as variables, and configure corresponding weight coefficients for each index; 4.3 Optimal Layout Coordinates Solution: The optimal layout coordinates of the multimedia device are solved using a multi-objective particle swarm optimization layout algorithm. The running parameters of the multi-objective particle swarm optimization layout algorithm are set, and the algorithm iteration objective is to maximize the multi-objective optimization function value. The optimal layout coordinates of the multimedia device are obtained through algorithm iteration. 4.4 Coordinate Matching: The optimal layout coordinate set obtained by solving is mapped according to the coordinate system of the digital twin model of the exhibition hall. The optimal layout coordinates of each multimedia device are matched to the physical space location corresponding to the digital twin model of the exhibition hall. Coordinate labels are added to each multimedia device to complete the visual matching of layout coordinates.

5. The method for arranging multimedia equipment in a smart exhibition hall according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 1.4 embeds the clock synchronization calibration communication algorithm into the communication modules of all multimedia devices, completes the adaptation and deployment of the MQTT-SN communication protocol on the master and slave communication nodes, performs latency and packet loss rate detection on the inter-device communication links, and fine-tunes the positions of nodes with communication anomalies. The specific process is as follows: 5.1 Algorithm Embedding: The clock synchronization calibration communication algorithm is compiled into embeddable program code, and the program code is imported into the communication modules of all multimedia devices, master communication nodes and slave communication nodes to complete the embedded deployment of the clock synchronization calibration communication algorithm; 5.2 Protocol Adaptation: Deploy the MQTT-SN protocol server program in the master communication node and the MQTT-SN protocol client program in each slave communication node to complete the MQTT-SN communication protocol adaptation between the master and slave communication nodes and configure the running parameters of the MQTT-SN communication protocol. 5.3 Clock Synchronization Calibration: Using the system clock of the master communication node as the reference clock, the master communication node sends clock synchronization request frames to all slave communication nodes and multimedia devices; After receiving a clock synchronization request frame from a communication node and a multimedia device, the communication node sends a clock response frame back to the master communication node. The master communication node calculates the clock deviation between the master communication node and the slave communication nodes and multimedia devices based on the time difference of the frame transmission. The master communication node sends the clock deviation to each slave communication node and multimedia device, and each slave communication node and multimedia device calibrates its local clock based on the clock deviation to achieve clock synchronization of all devices. 5.4 Communication Link Detection: Perform full detection on the communication links between all devices, test the communication latency and packet loss rate of each communication link in turn, set the detection standards for communication latency and packet loss rate, and determine the nodes that do not meet the detection standards as communication abnormal nodes. 5.5 Position Fine-tuning: Fine-tune the coordinates of communication anomaly nodes. Determine the fine-tuning direction based on the communication status of the communication anomaly node. After each coordinate fine-tuning, re-detect the communication latency and packet loss rate of the corresponding communication link until the communication indicators reach the detection standard, thus completing the position fine-tuning of the communication anomaly node.

6. The method for laying out multimedia equipment in a smart exhibition hall according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 1.5 involves collecting communication data from the actual operation of the equipment and pedestrian flow data from the exhibition hall, establishing an evaluation index system for the layout scheme, and dynamically adjusting the layout location and communication parameters of the multimedia equipment based on the evaluation results to form a closed-loop optimization of the layout scheme. The specific process is as follows: 6.1 Data Acquisition: Through sensors and equipment communication modules within the exhibition hall, communication data of actual equipment operation and pedestrian flow data of the exhibition hall operation are collected; communication data includes communication latency, packet loss rate, signal strength, and clock synchronization error; pedestrian flow data includes pedestrian density, pedestrian movement trajectory, and pedestrian dwell time in each area; The collected data is stored in the database of the main communication node; 6.2 Evaluation Index System Establishment: An evaluation index system for the layout scheme is established, which includes multiple primary indicators. Each primary indicator has corresponding secondary indicators. Scoring standards are set for each secondary indicator, and corresponding weight proportions are assigned to each primary indicator. 6.3 Scheme Evaluation: Based on the collected data and the layout scheme evaluation index system, the current layout scheme is quantitatively scored, and the layout scheme is classified into grades based on the quantitative scoring results; 6.4 Dynamic Adjustment: Based on the hierarchical classification results of the layout scheme, execute the corresponding adjustment strategy; the adjustment strategy includes maintaining the current layout scheme and communication parameters, only fine-tuning the communication parameters of the devices, adjusting the layout positions of some devices and optimizing the communication parameters, and resolving the optimal layout coordinates of the devices and comprehensively adjusting the layout positions and communication parameters; 6.5 Closed-loop optimization: Continuously execute data collection, scheme evaluation and dynamic adjustment steps, and optimize the layout scheme in real time according to the actual changes in the operation of the exhibition hall, forming a closed-loop optimization system for the layout scheme.

7. The method for arranging multimedia equipment in a smart exhibition hall according to claim 2, characterized in that, The data processing in step 2.3 also includes data redundancy verification and region feature annotation: In the standardized parameter dataset, redundant check codes are added to the parameters of each region. These redundant check codes are used to detect data loss or data tampering during data transmission and storage. The point cloud model of the entire exhibition hall is labeled with regional features according to the exhibition hall's display functions. Each display partition is given a unique feature label, which includes the partition name, equipment deployment requirements, and communication function requirements.

8. The method for arranging multimedia equipment in a smart exhibition hall according to claim 2, characterized in that, The digital twin model of the exhibition hall constructed in step 2.4 still needs to undergo lightweight optimization: A model patch simplification algorithm is used to remove redundant patches from the digital twin model of the exhibition hall. The texture of the digital twin model of the exhibition hall is compressed and the texture format is converted. The optimized digital twin model of the exhibition hall supports browser loading without plugins and supports zooming, panning, rotation and local area magnification viewing.

9. The method for arranging multimedia equipment in a smart exhibition hall according to claim 3, characterized in that, The wireless communication link planned in step 3.4 based on the MQTT-SN lightweight communication algorithm also includes a link redundancy backup mechanism: For each device's communication area, a primary communication link and a backup communication link are planned, and the primary and backup communication links use different communication channels; the communication status of the primary communication link is monitored in real time, and when the primary communication link fails, the communication transmission is automatically switched to the backup communication link.

10. A smart exhibition hall multimedia equipment layout system, characterized in that, The system applied to the layout method of multimedia equipment in a smart exhibition hall according to any one of claims 1-9 includes a spatial modeling module, a communication planning module, a layout optimization module, a communication debugging module, and a dynamic iteration module. Each module is sequentially connected to form a closed-loop system for data communication. The spatial modeling module is used to collect the physical space three-dimensional geometric parameters and environmental feature parameters of the exhibition hall through a mobile ground three-dimensional laser scanner. After processing the collected data, a digital twin model of the exhibition hall is constructed based on the WebGL engine, and an indoor spatial positioning coordinate system of the exhibition hall is built through the UWB-Bluetooth multi-mode fusion positioning algorithm. The communication planning module is used to divide the communication area of ​​the exhibition hall equipment according to the type of multimedia equipment and the corresponding functional requirements, set the star network communication topology, use the MQTT-SN lightweight communication algorithm to plan the wireless communication links between devices, and determine the deployment positions of the master communication node and the slave communication node. The layout optimization module is used to construct a multi-objective optimization function with the optimization objectives of device communication signal strength, exhibition hall pedestrian coverage, and visual effect of the display area. It solves the optimal layout coordinates of multimedia devices through a multi-objective particle swarm optimization layout algorithm and matches the layout coordinates to the corresponding physical location of the exhibition hall digital twin model. The communication debugging module is used to embed the clock synchronization calibration communication algorithm into the communication modules of all multimedia devices, complete the adaptation and deployment of the MQTT-SN communication protocol on the master communication node and slave communication node, perform latency detection and packet loss rate detection on the communication link between devices, and fine-tune the position of abnormal communication nodes. The dynamic iteration module is used to collect communication data from actual equipment operation and pedestrian flow data from exhibition hall operation, establish an evaluation index system for layout schemes, and dynamically adjust the layout positions and communication parameters of multimedia equipment based on the evaluation results to achieve closed-loop optimization of the layout scheme.

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