An unmanned aerial vehicle assisted power transmission line insulating ground wire gap switching device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on unmanned aerial vehicle auxiliary transmission line insulating ground wire gap switching device and method;Based on unmanned aerial vehicle auxiliary transmission line insulating ground wire gap switching device includes frame body, fixed contact, movable contact, transmission assembly and traction rope;Frame body is installed at the top of transmission tower, fixed contact is installed in frame body and is connected with transmission line;Transmission assembly is installed in frame body, movable contact is installed in one end of transmission assembly, and movable contact is used to connect overhead ground wire;Transmission assembly is provided with adjusting portion away from one end of movable contact;Transmission line insulating ground wire gap switching method based on unmanned aerial vehicle assistance uses the above device by unmanned aerial vehicle assistance to hang traction rope in adjusting portion, and then ground traction rope is pulled to drive transmission assembly to change the distance of movable contact and fixed contact;Operator does not need to climb tower high-altitude operation, only needs to pull traction rope on ground to change the distance between movable contact and fixed contact, improve safety and operation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power transmission line technology, and in particular to a device and method for switching the gap between the insulation ground wires of a power transmission line based on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) assistance. Background Technology

[0002] During the operation of transmission lines, the insulated ground wire is a critical component, and its connection state with the transmission line needs to be reliably switched according to the system's operating mode and seasonal environmental requirements. The switching of the gap between the transmission line and the insulated ground wire directly determines whether it can play a role in lightning protection, de-icing, or reducing line energy consumption, depending on the usage conditions. Therefore, accurate control and effective locking of the gap state are crucial to ensuring the safe and economical operation of the line.

[0003] Traditional methods for switching the gap between transmission lines and insulated ground wires primarily rely on manual tower climbing. Maintenance personnel must personally ascend the transmission tower to manually adjust and lock the gap. This approach reveals significant drawbacks in practice: tower climbing itself carries the risk of falls from heights; personal safety is difficult to guarantee when affected by inclement weather, nighttime conditions, or complex terrain; and the work efficiency is extremely low. Furthermore, the reliability of the operation highly depends on the experience and responsibility of the personnel; the manual locking status lacks independent and effective immediate verification methods, making it prone to errors such as incomplete locking due to negligence or misjudgment. Based on these problems, a new solution is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One objective of this application is to provide a drone-assisted transmission line insulation ground wire gap switching device that can solve at least one of the defects in the above-mentioned background art.

[0005] Another objective of this application is to provide a method for switching the insulation ground wire gap of a power transmission line based on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) assistance, which can solve at least one of the defects in the above-mentioned background art.

[0006] To achieve at least one of the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: a UAV-assisted transmission line insulation ground wire gap switching device, comprising a frame, a fixed contact, a moving contact, a transmission assembly, and a traction rope; the frame is installed on the top of the transmission tower, the fixed contact is installed on the frame and connected to the transmission line; the transmission assembly is installed on the frame, the moving contact is installed at one end of the transmission assembly, and the moving contact is used to connect to the overhead ground wire; an adjustment part is provided at the end of the transmission assembly away from the moving contact, and the traction rope is suspended from the adjustment part with the assistance of a UAV, thereby pulling the traction rope on the ground to drive the transmission assembly to change the distance between the moving contact and the fixed contact.

[0007] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a transmission lever, a main wheel, and a traction assembly; the main wheel is mounted on the frame, the moving contact is disposed on the transmission lever, and the adjusting part is disposed on the traction assembly; the transmission lever and the main wheel are connected through a traction structure, and the main wheel and the traction assembly are connected through a drive structure; the traction assembly drives the main wheel to rotate in one direction at all times through the drive structure; and the main wheel drives the transmission lever through the traction structure to move the moving contact closer to or away from the fixed contact.

[0008] Preferably, the traction structure is adapted to drive the moving contact to rotate away from or towards the stationary contact.

[0009] Preferably, the transmission lever includes a first rod and a second rod; the middle part of the first rod is hinged to the frame, the moving contact is disposed at the first end of the first rod, and the second end of the first rod is hinged to the eccentric position of the main wheel through the second rod to form the traction structure.

[0010] Preferably, the traction assembly includes a traction lever, a locking assembly, and an elastic element; the main wheel is mounted on the frame via a main shaft, and one end of the traction lever is sleeved on the main shaft via a one-way bearing to form the drive structure; the adjustment part is disposed at the other end of the traction lever, the elastic element is disposed between the traction lever and the frame, and the locking assembly is mounted on the frame and cooperates with the main wheel; when the traction lever rotates downward under the drive of the traction rope, the main wheel rotates in a first direction through the engagement of the one-way bearing; after the traction rope is released, the traction lever rotates upward under the elastic force of the elastic element, at which time the main wheel remains stationary with its position locked by the locking assembly.

[0011] Preferably, the locking assembly includes a ratchet and a pawl; the ratchet is fixedly connected to the main shaft, the pawl is mounted on the frame, and the pawl cooperates with the ratchet to lock in a second direction opposite to the first direction.

[0012] Preferably, the frame and the main wheel form positioning structures at different positions along the circumference, and the positioning structures at different positions correspond to different set distances between the moving contact and the fixed contact; during the process of driving the main wheel to rotate by the traction rope, the distance between the moving contact and the fixed contact is sensed based on the different engagement order of the positioning structures.

[0013] Preferably, the positioning structure includes a positioning rod and a positioning groove that cooperate with each other. The positioning rod is disposed on the frame, and a plurality of positioning grooves are recessed along the outer contour of the main wheel; or, the positioning groove is disposed on the frame, and a plurality of positioning rods are disposed along the outer contour of the main wheel; the positioning rod and the positioning groove are inserted for positioning, and the positioning rod and the positioning groove are wedge-shaped or arc-shaped on the side along the circumferential direction.

[0014] Preferably, the end of the traction lever away from the main wheel is recessed to form the adjustment section.

[0015] A method for switching the gap between the insulation ground wires of transmission lines based on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is disclosed, wherein the aforementioned UAV-assisted method for switching the gap between the insulation ground wires of transmission lines is used at the overhead ground wires at the top of the transmission towers; the specific gap switching method is as follows: S100: Secure one end of the tow rope to the hanging ring, and hang the hanging ring on the hook of the drone; S200: A drone is used to carry a hanging ring to the top of the transmission tower and suspend the hanging ring at the adjustment unit, so that the traction rope extends to the ground; S300: Pulling the traction rope on the ground drives the transmission components to move, thereby changing the distance between the stationary and moving contacts to meet different working conditions.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: In the technical solution of this application, the power transmission line is grounded by connecting the fixed contact and the moving contact; the moving contact is connected to the transmission component, and the traction rope is suspended on the adjustment part of the transmission component with the assistance of a drone. The operator does not need to climb the tower for high-altitude work, but only needs to pull the traction rope on the ground to change the distance between the moving contact and the fixed contact, thereby achieving the distance requirements required for different working conditions such as lightning protection and de-icing. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the transmission component of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the connection structure of the transmission component of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic element structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main wheel limiting groove and limiting rod of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the first distance between the moving contact and the fixed contact of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the second distance between the moving contact and the fixed contact of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the third distance between the moving contact and the fixed contact of the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram: Frame 1, Positioning rod 110, Fixed contact 2, Moving contact 3, Transmission assembly 4, Transmission lever 410, First rod 411, Second rod 412, Main wheel 420, Positioning groove 421, One-way bearing 430, Traction lever 440, Adjustment part 441, Main shaft 450, Ratchet 460, Pad 470, Torsion spring 471, Elastic element 480, Hanging ring 5. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present application will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0027] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., which indicate the orientation and positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as limiting the specific protection scope of this application.

[0028] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0029] The terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification and claims of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such process, method, product, or device.

[0030] One aspect of this application provides a drone-assisted transmission line insulation ground wire gap switching device, such as... Figure 1-8As shown, one preferred embodiment includes a frame 1, a fixed contact 2, a moving contact 3, a transmission assembly 4, and a traction rope. The frame 1 is installed on the top of the transmission tower, the fixed contact 2 is installed on the frame 1 and connected to the transmission line, the transmission assembly 4 is installed on the frame 1, the moving contact 3 is installed at one end of the transmission assembly 4, and the moving contact 3 is used to connect to the overhead ground wire. An adjustment part 441 is provided at the end of the transmission assembly 4 away from the moving contact 3. The traction rope is suspended from the adjustment part 441 with the assistance of a drone, and then the traction rope is pulled on the ground to drive the transmission assembly 4 to drive the moving contact 3 to change the distance between it and the fixed contact 2.

[0031] Those skilled in the art should know that the operating conditions of transmission lines and overhead ground wires are divided into direct grounding conditions, lightning protection conditions, and de-icing conditions. Different operating conditions require different settings for the distance between the transmission line and the overhead ground wire. Under the requirements of different operating conditions, it is often necessary to change the working mode of the overhead ground wire and the transmission line. Since the fixed contact 2 is connected to the transmission line and the moving contact 3 is connected to the overhead ground wire, the working mode of the overhead ground wire and the transmission line can be switched by changing the gap between the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2. When the transmission line is running normally, the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2 are in close contact. At this time, the gap between the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2 is 0mm, and the transmission line is grounded through the overhead ground wire, thereby fully exerting the effect of lightning protection. When lightning strikes a transmission line, the transmission line can be directly grounded through the overhead ground wire via the 0mm gap between the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2, thus rapidly discharging the lightning current to the ground. This protects the transmission line from lightning damage and ensures the safe and stable operation of the power grid. However, a 0mm gap increases energy consumption. Therefore, during periods outside of thunderstorms, the gap between the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2 can be switched to 20mm, creating a 20mm air gap between them. Under normal operating voltage, this gap is insulating, isolating the transmission line from the overhead ground wire and significantly reducing induced current. The 20mm gap reduces power loss and improves transmission efficiency. When lightning strikes, the gap is instantly broken down, forming a circuit that allows the lightning current to be discharged smoothly into the ground. Therefore, the 20mm gap ensures both energy loss reduction under normal conditions and reliable lightning protection. In cold winter weather, when there is a risk of ice accumulation on the transmission line, DC de-icing is required. At this time, the gap between the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2 is switched to 80mm. This is to ensure that the air gap will not be accidentally broken down when the de-icing voltage is applied, thus ensuring the integrity of the de-icing circuit. The ice is melted through the thermal effect of the current.

[0032] It should be understood that the frame 1 is installed on the transmission tower, and the frame 1 should be installed at both sides of the transmission tower corresponding to the two overhead ground wires. The fixed contact 2 is directly connected to the frame 1 and is connected to the transmission line, while the moving contact 3 is connected to the overhead ground wire. By changing the gap between the fixed contact 2 and the moving contact 3, the transmission line can switch between different operating conditions for lightning protection or de-icing. The fixed contact 2 is fixed on the frame 1, and the moving contact 3 is driven by the transmission component 4 installed on the frame 1, so that it can move away from or closer to the fixed contact 2, thereby changing the gap. The transmission component 4 should have an adjustment part 441 that applies external force. When the adjustment part 441 is subjected to external force, it drives the transmission component 4 to move, and the moving contact 3 installed on the transmission component 4 also moves accordingly, thereby changing the distance between the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2, and thus changing the switching between lightning protection and de-icing operating conditions.

[0033] It should also be known that the adjustment unit 441 can be operated by suspending the traction rope with the assistance of a drone. When the drone flies above the transmission tower, it can suspend the traction rope directly to the adjustment unit 441, or suspend the traction rope indirectly to the adjustment unit 441 through the hanging ring 5, etc. Then, the operator only needs to pull the traction rope on the ground to change the distance between the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2.

[0034] Understandably, traditional methods of switching the gap between transmission lines and overhead ground wires require manual tower climbing and adjustment using manual adjustment devices. This carries the risk of falls from heights, especially in adverse weather conditions, at night, or in complex terrain, making operator safety difficult to guarantee. Furthermore, harsh environmental conditions significantly reduce work efficiency, and poor visibility makes the reliability of gap adjustments highly dependent on operator experience, lacking effective control measures and prone to misjudgments leading to inadequate adjustments. This application utilizes a drone-assisted lanyard, allowing operators to manipulate the transmission component 4 from the ground to adjust the gap between the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2, significantly improving work efficiency and ensuring operator safety.

[0035] The structure of the transmission assembly 4 should allow the operator to perform rapid operation on the ground via a traction rope. A preferred embodiment of this application is as follows: Figure 1As shown, the transmission assembly 4 includes a transmission lever 410, a main wheel 420, and a traction assembly. The main wheel 420 is mounted on the frame 1, the moving contact 3 is disposed on the transmission lever 410, and the adjusting part 441 is disposed on the traction assembly. The transmission lever 410 and the main wheel 420 are connected through a traction structure, and the main wheel 420 and the traction assembly are connected through a drive structure. The traction assembly drives the main wheel 420 to rotate in one direction at all times through the drive structure. In turn, the main wheel 420 drives the transmission lever 410 through the traction structure to move the moving contact 3 closer to or away from the fixed contact 2.

[0036] It should be understood that the adjustment part 441 is located in the traction assembly. Therefore, when the traction rope applies an external force to the adjustment part 441, the traction assembly moves. The traction assembly is connected to the main wheel 420 through the drive structure. Therefore, the movement of the traction assembly will further drive the rotation of the main wheel 420. The transmission lever 410 is also connected to the main wheel 420 through the traction structure. When the main wheel 420 rotates, the movement is transmitted to the transmission lever 410 through the traction structure. Finally, the movement of the transmission lever 410 drives the moving contact 3 on the transmission lever 410 to move, thereby changing the distance between the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2 to achieve the switching of the distance required for different working conditions.

[0037] It should also be noted that on the ground, the operator can only press down on the adjusting part 441 by pulling the traction rope, thus only causing the main wheel 420 to rotate in one direction. When the main wheel 420 rotates in one direction, in order for the transmission lever 410 to continuously and repeatedly change the distance between the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2, the distance between the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2 can be increased to the maximum value, or the distance between the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2 can be reduced to 0mm.

[0038] Understandably, the main wheel 420 constitutes the conversion center of the entire transmission structure. The traction assembly drives the main wheel 420 to rotate, and the rotation of the main wheel 420 further drives the movement of the transmission lever 410, thereby changing the distance between the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2. The traction assembly can be rotatably mounted on the main wheel 420, driving the main wheel 420 to rotate through its own rotation, or it can be mounted on the contour of the main wheel 420, converting linear motion into rotational motion of the main wheel 420.

[0039] The moving contact 3 is connected to the transmission lever 410 and can move away from or towards the fixed contact 2 through translational or rotational motion. This is a preferred embodiment of the present application, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 6-8 As shown, the traction structure is adapted to drive the moving contact 3 to rotate away from or near the stationary contact 2.

[0040] It should be understood that the change in the distance between the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2 is achieved by the transmission lever 410 driving the moving contact 3. Under the drive of the main wheel 420, the transmission lever 410 generates a basic and controllable rotational action. This basic rotation can be amplified and transmitted through the transmission lever 410, and then converted into the effective displacement of the moving contact 3. The unidirectional rotation of the main wheel 420 is achieved by the traction rope pulling the traction component, and through the drive structure between the traction component and the main wheel 420. The rotational displacement of the main wheel 420 can be further converted into the rotational displacement of the moving contact 3 through the transmission lever 410 hinged around its axis, avoiding the cumbersome process of converting the rotational displacement into translational displacement through a complex structural form. Furthermore, the rotational displacement can be precisely controlled by controlling the rotation point, significantly improving stability compared to translational motion.

[0041] Understandably, if the moving contact 3 adopts a translational motion to move away from or towards the fixed contact 2, a more precise linear guide mechanism is required to ensure accurate alignment between the fixed contact 2 and the moving contact 3. This would result in a complex structure, increased operating resistance, and reduced operator comfort. Furthermore, the rotational effect of the lever allows for adjustment and control of the operating force and stroke, achieving excellent operational comfort. Moreover, rotational motion is more resistant to external environmental factors such as vibration or wind, and has a stronger ability to maintain its state compared to translational motion.

[0042] Specifically, the structural form of the transmission lever 410, such as Figure 1 , Figure 6-8 As shown, the transmission lever 410 includes a first rod 411 and a second rod 412; the middle part of the first rod 411 is hinged to the frame 1, the moving contact 3 is disposed at the first end of the first rod 411, and the second end of the first rod 411 is hinged to the eccentric position of the main wheel 420 through the second rod 412 to form a traction structure.

[0043] It should be understood that since the rotation of the main wheel 420 is a stable unidirectional rotation around its axis, in order to both increase and decrease the distance between the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2, two structures are needed to generate positional variables. The position of the moving contact 3, which can move away from or closer to the fixed contact 2, is obtained by superimposing the positional variables generated by the two structures. Therefore, in this embodiment, a transmission lever 410 is preferably used, including a first rod 411 and a second rod 412. These two levers satisfy the bidirectional change in the position of the moving contact 3 caused by the unidirectional rotation of the main wheel 420.

[0044] The middle part of the first rod 411 is hinged to the frame 1, and the moving contact 3 is set at the first end of the first rod 411. Therefore, the moving contact 3 will rotate around this hinge point, thereby moving away from or closer to the fixed contact 2. It is necessary to make the second end of the first rod 411 also rotate around this hinge point under the drive of the unidirectional rotation of the main wheel 420. Since the rotation center of the main wheel 420 is not in the same position as this hinge point, it is necessary to hinge the second end of the first rod 411 through the second rod 412, and the other end of the second rod 412 is eccentrically connected to the main wheel 420 to achieve this. The second rod 412 is eccentrically connected to the main wheel 420. The connection point between the second rod 412 and the main wheel 420 rotates eccentrically around the main wheel 420. The length of the second rod 412 remains fixed. Therefore, the hinge position between the first rod 411 and the second rod 412 is also driven by the eccentric rotation of the main wheel 420. Through the precise design of the length and structure of the first rod 411 and the second rod 412, the eccentric rotation of the end of the second rod 412 along the main wheel 420 can be precisely converted into the circular motion of the hinge point between the first rod 411 and the second rod 412 with respect to the hinge point between the first rod 411 and the frame 1. This allows the moving contact 3 to rotate away from or near the fixed contact 2.

[0045] Understandably, the second end of the first rod 411 is hinged to the eccentric position of the main wheel 420 via the second rod 412 to form a traction structure. The main wheel 420, through this traction structure, drives the first rod 411 to rotate around the hinge point between the first rod 411 and the frame 1, thereby causing the moving contact 3 to move away from or towards the fixed contact 2. The core of this traction structure lies in precisely converting the stable unidirectional rotational motion of the main wheel 420 into the reciprocating oscillation of the moving contact 3. The eccentricity of the main wheel 420, the length of the second rod 412, and the distance between the lever arms at both ends of the first rod 411 should all be precisely designed. Furthermore, a specific structure should be in place to ensure that the moving contact 3 can stop at preset positions, such as 0mm, 20mm, and 80mm, and maintain sufficient stability to meet the operational requirements of different working conditions.

[0046] The structure of the traction assembly is key to enabling the main wheel 420 to rotate stably in one direction during the downward pull of the traction rope. A preferred embodiment of this application is as follows: Figure 1-5As shown, the traction assembly includes a traction lever 440, a locking assembly, and an elastic element 480; the main wheel 420 is mounted on the frame 1 via a main shaft 450, and one end of the traction lever 440 is sleeved on the main shaft 450 via a one-way bearing 430 to form a drive structure; an adjustment part 441 is provided at the other end of the traction lever 440, the elastic element 480 is provided between the traction lever 440 and the frame 1, and the locking assembly is installed on the frame 1 and cooperates with the main wheel 420; when the traction lever 440 rotates downward under the drive of the traction rope, the main wheel 420 rotates in the first direction through the engagement of the one-way bearing 430; after the traction rope is released, the traction lever 440 rotates upward under the elastic force of the elastic element 480, at which time the main wheel 420 remains stationary with its position locked by the locking assembly.

[0047] It should be understood that the two ends of the main wheel 420 are mounted on the frame 1 via the main shaft 450. The main shaft 450 can rotate freely between the frames 1 along with the main wheel 420. Therefore, controlling the main wheel 420 to rotate stably in one direction requires the combined action of the drive structure and the locking component. One end of the traction lever 440 is sleeved onto the main shaft 450 via a one-way bearing 430 to form a drive structure. This drives the main shaft 450 to rotate, thereby causing the main wheel 420, which is concentrically positioned with the main shaft 450, to rotate. The one-way bearing 430 engages with the main shaft 450 when the traction lever 440 rotates in the first direction (i.e., when the traction lever 440 rotates downwards under the pull of the traction rope). Under the rotation of the traction lever 440, the one-way bearing 430 engages with the main shaft 450, causing the main shaft 450 to rotate simultaneously. This causes the main wheel 420 to rotate along with the main shaft 450, completing a certain distance rotation of the main wheel 420 in the first direction. However, due to factors such as lever arm and stroke, the complete conversion of the distance between the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2 cannot be completed in a single pull of the traction rope. At this point, the traction rope has already pulled the traction lever 440 to its lowest position, and the entire structure will be unable to continue moving.

[0048] Understandably, for the main wheel 420 to maintain stable rotation in the first direction, the traction lever 440 needs to continuously rotate in the first direction to drive the main wheel 420 to rotate stably in the first direction. Therefore, through the action of the one-way bearing 430, when the traction lever 440 returns to its original position, that is, when the traction lever 440 rotates in the second direction opposite to the first direction, the traction lever 440 will not transmit power to the main wheel 420 through the one-way bearing 430, and the main wheel 420 will remain in its original position. When the traction lever 440 returns to its initial position, the next pull of the traction rope can once again drive the main wheel 420 to rotate in the first direction through the traction lever 440.

[0049] With the drone-assisted lanyard attached to the adjustment unit 441, ground operators can only change the state of the device by pulling the traction rope. Pulling the traction rope alone cannot restore the traction lever 440 to its original position for the next pulling action. Therefore, an elastic element 480 is installed between the traction lever 440 and the frame 1. The function of the elastic element 480 is to accumulate elastic potential energy during the process of the traction rope pulling the traction lever 440. After the traction rope pulls the traction lever 440 to its lowest position, the traction rope will release the external force. At this time, the elastic potential energy stored in the elastic element 480 is released, causing the traction lever 440 to rotate in the second direction, thereby resetting to the initial state, at which point the traction rope can be pulled again. The elastic element 480 can be disposed on the traction lever 440 at a position corresponding to the adjusting part 441 on the same side of the main shaft 450. In this case, when the traction lever 440 rotates in the first direction, the elastic element 480 is compressed. Alternatively, the elastic element 480 can be disposed on the traction lever 440 at a position corresponding to the adjusting part 441 on both sides of the main shaft 450. In this case, when the traction lever rotates in the first direction, the elastic element 480 is stretched. This embodiment preferably adopts the second method, which stretches the elastic element 480. Because both ends of the elastic element 480 are disposed on the frame 1 and the traction lever 440, and because the traction lever 440 will rotate, the elastic element 480 will also rotate to a certain extent as a whole under axial tension and compression. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, when the two ends of the elastic element 480 are connected to the frame 1 and the connecting plate with round holes on the traction lever 440 by hooks, the two ends of the elastic element 480 can rotate to a certain extent when the elastic element 480 is in elastic tension, so as to adapt to the rotation of the traction lever 440, and so that the elastic element 480 can better play its reset function.

[0050] It should also be noted that during the reset process of the traction lever 440, the main shaft 450 may still rotate to a certain extent, causing the main wheel 420 to rotate as well. This results in the distance between the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2 not precisely reaching the set value. Therefore, when the traction lever 440 rotates upward under the elastic force of the elastic element 480, the main wheel 420 remains stationary in a locked position through the locking component. This allows the main wheel 420 to achieve unidirectional rotation through double protection. The first protection is the function of the one-way bearing 430, which ensures that the traction lever 440 can only transmit power to the main shaft 450 when rotating in the first direction, thereby driving the main wheel 420 to rotate in the first direction. The second protection is the function of the locking component, which restricts the movement of the main wheel 420 when it tends to move in the second direction.

[0051] Specifically, the end of the traction lever 440 furthest from the main wheel 420 is recessed to form an adjustment section 441; the design of the adjustment section 441 fully considers the convenience and reliability of the drone's tethering operation, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the drone can connect one end of the tow rope to the hanging ring 5. By carrying the hanging ring 5 on the drone and attaching it to the adjustment part 441, the ground operator can apply external force to the adjustment part 441 through the tow rope. However, if the tow lever 440 is straight, it would be difficult for the hanging ring 5 to make a reliable connection on the tow lever 440. Therefore, the end of the tow lever 440 away from the main wheel 420 is recessed to form the adjustment part 441. Firstly, this increases the lever arm and reduces the external force required by the ground operator. Secondly, due to the recessed design, the hanging ring 5 carried by the drone can be more easily and stably suspended on the adjustment part 441.

[0052] The locking component should have a simple and reliable structure, remaining movable in a first direction and locked in a second direction. A preferred embodiment of this application is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the locking assembly includes a ratchet 460 and a pawl 470; the ratchet 460 is fixedly connected to the spindle 450, and the pawl 470 is mounted on the frame 1. The pawl 470 cooperates with the ratchet 460 to lock in the second direction.

[0053] It should be understood that the ratchet 460 and the main shaft 450 are fixedly connected, and the ratchet 460, main wheel 420 and main shaft 450 can always rotate synchronously through interference fit or welding. At the same time, the pawl 470 is hinged to the frame 1 by a pin or shaft and has a reset component at its end that enables the pawl 470 and ratchet 460 to mechanically interlock. In this embodiment, the reset component is a torsion spring 471, and the pawl 470 engages with the ratchet 460 through the torsion spring 471. In the first direction, the ratchet 460 presses the pawl 470, causing the torsion spring 471 to elastically deform, so that the pawl 470 rotates in the first direction, and thus the ratchet 460 can rotate smoothly in the first direction. In the second direction, the pawl 470 resets under the elastic force of the torsion spring 471, and its end engages in the tooth groove of the ratchet 460, forming a mechanical interlock, so that the ratchet 460 is locked in the second direction.

[0054] Understandably, when the main wheel 420 rebounds due to external factors or movement, i.e., it tends to rotate in the second direction, the pawl 470 will quickly engage with the tooth groove of the ratchet 460 to lock it, thereby effectively preventing any possibility of the main wheel 420 rotating in the opposite direction. This one-way locking mechanism ensures the positional stability of the main wheel 420 during the reset process of the traction lever 440. Furthermore, it effectively improves the precise control of the distance between the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2. When the set distance is reached between the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2, the locking effect of the ratchet 460 and the pawl 470 keeps the distance between them stable, thus better meeting the needs of different working conditions such as lightning protection and de-icing. Moreover, the ratchet 460 and the pawl 470 have a simple and reliable structure and require no additional power source, making them very suitable for long-term stable use in various environments.

[0055] The rotation of the main wheel 420 is to ensure that the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2 maintain a suitable distance to meet working conditions such as de-icing and lightning protection, as mentioned above (0mm, 20mm, 80mm). To ensure that the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2 can be stably positioned at these three distances, without an effective positioning structure, if the operator pulls the traction rope on the ground to rotate the main wheel 420, it is impossible to determine whether the distance between the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2 meets the working requirements. Therefore, a positioning structure is needed so that the operator on the ground can effectively know whether the positions of the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2 have been adjusted to the correct position. A preferred embodiment of this application is as follows... Figure 5-8 As shown, the frame 1 and the main wheel 420 form positioning structures at different positions along the circumference. The positioning structures at different positions correspond to different set distances between the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2. During the process of driving the main wheel 420 to rotate by the traction rope, the distance between the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2 is sensed based on the different coordination order of the positioning structures.

[0056] It should be understood that multiple positioning structures are set between the main wheel 420 and the frame 1, and these multiple positioning structures correspond to different set distances between the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2. For example, if three distances between the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2 are used: 0mm, 20mm, and 80mm, then there are at least three positioning structures, corresponding to the positioning states of 0mm, 20mm, and 80mm respectively. When the operator on the ground pulls the traction rope, the main wheel 420 rotates, and the positioning structure produces a certain positioning effect on the main wheel 420. The positioning effect is that after reaching the positioning position, the positioning structure increases the resistance when the operator on the ground pulls the traction rope. When the operator on the ground finds that the resistance when pulling the traction rope increases, it proves that it has been locked into a positioning structure and has been adjusted to a certain distance state for positioning.

[0057] Understandably, the core function of the positioning structure is to provide ground operators with clear and perceptible positioning feedback, thereby overcoming the difficulty of visually observing whether the distance between the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2 has reached the set distance. It can also add an audible prompt device by connecting an external circuit as an auditory signal transmission. Through the combination of sound and tactile feedback, operators can more accurately determine on the ground whether the position of the moving contact 3 has been adjusted to the set position, which greatly improves the reliability and predictability of the operation.

[0058] Specifically, as a preferred embodiment, the positioning structure adopted in this embodiment includes mutually cooperating positioning rods 110 and positioning grooves 421. The positioning rods 110 are disposed on the frame 1, and multiple positioning grooves 421 are recessed along the outer contour of the main wheel 420; or, the positioning grooves 421 are disposed on the frame 1, and multiple positioning rods 110 are disposed along the outer contour of the main wheel 420; the positioning rods 110 and positioning grooves 421 are inserted for positioning, and the positioning rods 110 and positioning grooves 421 are wedge-shaped or arc-shaped on the side along the circumferential direction; the first setting method will be described in detail below.

[0059] It should be understood that the positioning rod 110 is installed on the frame 1 and can move retractably through a telescopic structure such as a spring. The roller or ball end at its end can always be pressed against the outer contour surface of the main wheel 420. The positioning groove 421 is machined at the corresponding position on the outer contour of the main wheel 420 after precise calculation of the required rotation angle of the main wheel 420 according to the different set distances of the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2, such as 0mm, 20mm, and 80mm. When the main wheel 420 rotates under the drive of the traction lever 440, when the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2 reach the set distance, the positioning rod 110 will be engaged in the positioning groove 421 at the corresponding set distance under the action of the telescopic structure. Since the positioning rod 110 is engaged in the positioning groove 421, a certain mechanical lock is formed. The main wheel 420 needs more additional force to disengage from the positioning rod 110 again. Therefore, the operator on the ground can also judge that a set distance has been reached by increasing the force of pulling the traction rope. The principle of the second setting method is the same as that of the first setting method, but the setting positions of the positioning rod 110 and the positioning groove 421 are changed.

[0060] It is understandable that the positioning groove 421 should adopt an arc-shaped or wedge-shaped surface so that the end of the positioning rod 110 can smoothly enter or leave the positioning groove 421 while always sticking to the outer contour of the main wheel 420; when the positioning rod 110 is in the positioning groove 421, it can still be moved out of the positioning groove 421 by a large force, instead of being tightly locked.

[0061] It is also understandable that the positioning structure works well with the aforementioned ratchet 460 and pawl 470. The ratchet 460 and pawl 470 ensure the unidirectional rotation of the main wheel 420, preventing any reverse rotation. Meanwhile, the positioning rod 110 and positioning groove 421 provide precise position control, offering several clear and stable working positions for the continuous unidirectional rotation of the main wheel 420. When the operator on the ground pulls the traction rope, it experiences a cycle of low resistance, a sudden increase in resistance, and then a decrease in resistance. This significant change in resistance allows the operator to accurately judge whether the operation is in place based solely on touch and hearing, without needing to visually observe the device high above, greatly improving the reliability and intuitiveness of the operation.

[0062] Another aspect of this application provides a method for switching the gap between the insulation ground wires of a power transmission line based on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) assistance, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 6-8 As shown, the above-mentioned UAV-assisted transmission line insulation ground wire gap switching device is used at the overhead ground wire at the top of the transmission tower. The specific interval switching method is as follows: S100: Secure one end of the traction rope to the hanging ring 5, and hang the hanging ring 5 on the hook of the drone; S200: Use a drone to carry the hanging ring 5 to the top of the transmission tower, and suspend the hanging ring 5 on the adjustment part 441 so that the traction rope extends to the ground; S300: Pulling the traction rope on the ground drives the transmission component 4 to move, thereby changing the distance between the fixed contact 2 and the moving contact 3 to meet different working conditions.

[0063] It should be understood that securing one end of the traction rope to the hanging ring 5 is the first and crucial step in the operation, and this connection must be absolutely reliable; for example... Figure 1 As shown, a small annular hole is provided at the bottom of the hanging ring 5. A high-strength anti-slip knot or a special metal buckle is used to securely fix the traction rope in this annular hole, ensuring that the drone will not detach from the hanging ring 5 during flight, or under wind swaying or repeated pulling by the operator. The hanging ring 5 should be made of a sufficiently strong and smooth metal ring, effectively reducing friction after the drone is suspended from the adjustment part 441, ensuring a smooth and unobstructed adjustment process.

[0064] Understandably, when the drone carrying the hanging ring 5 flies to the top of the transmission tower and suspends the hanging ring 5 on the adjustment part 441, the other end of the traction rope is always kept under the control of the ground operator so that the operator can change the distance between the moving contact 3 and the fixed contact 2 at any time and quickly through the traction rope.

[0065] It is also understandable that by using a drone to carry a traction rope suspended to the adjustment unit 441, operators can pull the traction rope from the ground to change the distance between the fixed contact 2 and the moving contact 3 to meet the needs of different working conditions. This avoids the need for operators to climb towers for high-altitude operations, greatly improving operational safety. Furthermore, compared to manual adjustment by climbing towers, the operation process using a drone to carry the traction rope is significantly more efficient. After completing the distance adjustment work for the moving contact 3 and fixed contact 2 of one transmission tower, there is no need to disassemble the drone, hanging ring 5, and traction rope; after repositioning, the distance adjustment work for the moving contact 3 and fixed contact 2 of the next transmission tower can be carried out, further improving operational efficiency. The above describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely the principles of this application. Various changes and modifications can be made to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of this application as claimed. The scope of protection claimed in this application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A UAV-assisted transmission line insulation ground wire gap switching device, characterized in that: The system includes a frame, a fixed contact, a moving contact, a transmission assembly, and a traction rope. The frame is installed on top of the transmission tower, and the fixed contact is installed on the frame and connected to the transmission line. The transmission assembly is installed on the frame, and the moving contact is installed at one end of the transmission assembly. The moving contact is used to connect to the overhead ground wire. An adjustment part is provided at the end of the transmission assembly away from the moving contact. With the assistance of a drone, the traction rope is suspended from the adjustment part, and then the traction rope is pulled on the ground to drive the transmission assembly to change the distance between the moving contact and the fixed contact.

2. The UAV-assisted transmission line insulation ground wire gap switching device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission assembly includes a transmission lever, a main wheel, and a traction assembly; the main wheel is mounted on the frame, the moving contact is disposed on the transmission lever, and the adjustment part is disposed on the traction assembly; the transmission lever and the main wheel are connected through a traction structure, and the main wheel and the traction assembly are connected through a drive structure; the traction assembly drives the main wheel to rotate in one direction at all times through the drive structure; and the main wheel drives the transmission lever through the traction structure to move the moving contact closer to or away from the fixed contact.

3. The UAV-assisted transmission line insulation ground wire gap switching device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The traction structure is adapted to drive the moving contact to rotate away from or towards the stationary contact.

4. The UAV-assisted transmission line insulation ground wire gap switching device as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The transmission lever includes a first rod and a second rod; the middle part of the first rod is hinged to the frame, the moving contact is disposed at the first end of the first rod, and the second end of the first rod is hinged to the eccentric position of the main wheel through the second rod to form the traction structure.

5. The UAV-assisted transmission line insulation ground wire gap switching device as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The traction assembly includes a traction lever, a locking assembly, and an elastic element; the main wheel is mounted on the frame via a main shaft, and one end of the traction lever is sleeved on the main shaft via a one-way bearing to form the drive structure; the adjustment part is disposed at the other end of the traction lever, the elastic element is disposed between the traction lever and the frame, and the locking assembly is mounted on the frame and cooperates with the main wheel; when the traction lever rotates downward under the drive of the traction rope, the main wheel rotates in a first direction through the engagement of the one-way bearing; after the traction rope is released, the traction lever rotates upward under the elastic force of the elastic element, at which time the main wheel remains stationary with its position locked by the locking assembly.

6. The UAV-assisted transmission line insulation ground wire gap switching device as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The locking assembly includes a ratchet and a pawl; the ratchet is fixedly connected to the main shaft, and the pawl is mounted on the frame. The pawl cooperates with the ratchet to lock in a second direction opposite to the first direction.

7. The UAV-assisted transmission line insulation ground wire gap switching device as described in any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that: The frame and the main wheel form positioning structures at different positions along the circumference. The positioning structures at different positions correspond to different set distances between the moving contact and the fixed contact. During the process of driving the main wheel to rotate by the traction rope, the distance between the moving contact and the fixed contact is sensed based on the different coordination order of the positioning structures.

8. The UAV-assisted transmission line insulation ground wire gap switching device as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The positioning structure includes a positioning rod and a positioning groove that cooperate with each other. The positioning rod is disposed on the frame, and a plurality of positioning grooves are recessed along the outer contour of the main wheel; or, the positioning groove is disposed on the frame, and a plurality of positioning rods are disposed along the outer contour of the main wheel; the positioning rod and the positioning groove are inserted for positioning, and the positioning rod and the positioning groove are wedge-shaped or arc-shaped on the side along the circumferential direction.

9. The UAV-assisted transmission line insulation ground wire gap switching device as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The adjustment section is formed by a recess at the end of the traction lever away from the main wheel.

10. A method for switching the gap between the insulation ground wires of a transmission line based on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) assistance, characterized in that: At the overhead ground wire at the top of the transmission tower, a UAV-assisted transmission line insulation ground wire gap switching device as described in any one of claims 1-9 is used; the specific gap switching method is as follows: S100: Secure one end of the tow rope to the hanging ring, and hang the hanging ring on the hook of the drone; S200: A drone is used to carry a hanging ring to the top of the transmission tower and suspend the hanging ring at the adjustment unit, so that the traction rope extends to the ground; S300: Pulling the traction rope on the ground drives the transmission components to move, thereby changing the distance between the stationary and moving contacts to meet different working conditions.

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