Self-dredging and layered water intake system and method suitable for multi-silt river

Abstract

The application discloses a self-dredging and layered water intake system suitable for a multi-silt river water intake pump station, which comprises a pump station water intake head, a water inlet of the pump station water intake head is adjacent to water and is provided with a self-dredging and layered water intake gate which is inclined to the river bank side from bottom to top; the self-dredging and layered water intake gate is composed of a plurality of gate units, each gate unit comprises a plurality of grid bars connected with an opening and closing mechanism and a high-pressure water jet mechanism for dredging the grid bars; a first liquid level sensor is arranged on the outer side of the pump station water intake head, a second liquid level sensor is arranged in the interior, signal output ends of the first and second liquid level sensors are connected with a signal input end of a control computer, and a control output end of the control computer is connected with control input ends of the opening and closing mechanism and the high-pressure water jet mechanism respectively. The application also discloses a water intake method, which greatly reduces the silt content entering the pump station pipeline system from the source, effectively alleviates the pipeline wear and blockage problems, improves the water delivery efficiency, and guarantees the safe operation of the pump station.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of water intake facilities for preventing siltation in water conservancy projects, and in particular to a self-cleaning, stratified water intake system and method suitable for water intake pumping stations in rivers with high sediment content. Background Technology

[0002] In silty rivers and canals, water flow generally exhibits a clear vertical stratification characteristic: the bottom water flow has a lower velocity and higher sediment content, while the surface water flow has a faster velocity and lower sediment content. Currently, to meet water supply guarantee requirements, small pumping stations need their intake heads to have a certain submersion depth, and are therefore usually located near the bottom of canals or rivers. This arrangement results in the direct extraction of a large amount of high-sediment-content water from the bottom, which not only increases the sediment content entering the pumping station's pipeline system, easily causing pipeline blockage and reducing water conveyance efficiency, but also causes severe siltation at the intake head and forebay, affecting the smooth flow of water. Implementing stratified water intake would improve this situation. However, existing technologies typically use multiple gates at the intake for stratified water intake. These gates are bulky and complex in structure, making them particularly unsuitable for small pumping stations. Furthermore, the trash racks are mostly fixed structures, requiring mechanical dredging with grab buckets or manual dredging, which is inefficient and unsafe, and cannot be well integrated with stratified water intake. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a self-cleaning, stratified water intake system suitable for water intake pumping stations in rivers with high sediment loads, which combines the functions of intercepting debris and stratified water intake, and can effectively prevent or reduce siltation. It also provides a water intake method, specifically adopting the following technical solutions: The self-cleaning stratified water intake system suitable for water intake pumping stations in rivers with high sediment content, as described in this invention, includes a pumping station intake head. The inlet of the pumping station intake head is positioned near the water, and a self-cleaning stratified water intake gate that slopes upwards towards the riverbank is installed at the inlet. The self-cleaning stratified water intake gate is composed of several gate units, each of which includes multiple grid bars connected to an opening and closing mechanism and a high-pressure water jet mechanism for cleaning the grid bars. A first liquid level sensor for monitoring the river water level is installed on the outside of the pumping station intake head, and a second liquid level sensor for monitoring the water level at the intake head is installed inside the pumping station intake head. The signal output terminals of the first liquid level sensor and the second liquid level sensor are both connected to the signal input terminal of a control computer. The control output terminal of the control computer is connected to the control input terminal of the opening and closing mechanism and the control input terminal of the high-pressure water jet mechanism, respectively.

[0004] This invention avoids the accumulation of silt at the bottom plate of the water intake head by tilting the water intake. Secondly, the dirt on the grid bars can be directly flushed downstream by the water flow after being washed by the high-pressure water jet mechanism. Thirdly, each gate unit of the self-cleaning and stratified water intake gate can be controlled independently. Therefore, the water intake height and water flow rate of the water intake can be flexibly determined according to the water level, preventing silt from entering the water intake head.

[0005] Preferably, the opening and closing mechanism is located at both ends of the long side of the grid bar. Each opening and closing mechanism includes a fixed rod and a moving rod arranged in parallel. The fixed rod is hinged to one long side of the grid bar, and the moving rod is hinged to the other long side of the grid bar. The two ends of the moving rod are movably inserted into the guide sleeve. The guide sleeve is connected to the pushing mechanism. While changing the distance between the fixed rod and the moving rod, the pushing mechanism causes the moving rod to move axially along the guide sleeve at both ends, thereby realizing the switching of the grid bar between the closed state and the open state.

[0006] The opening and closing mechanism described above is ingenious and easy to control. Through the cooperation of the pushing mechanism and the guide sleeve, the moving rod can move horizontally and vertically in two dimensions at the same time, which makes it very convenient to open and close the grid.

[0007] Preferably, the pushing mechanism includes a slider fixedly connected to the guide sleeve, the slider being provided with a guide rod and a motor-driven screw, the guide rod and the screw being perpendicular to the fixed rod and the moving rod. Using the above-described pushing mechanism, the guide sleeve connected to the slider can move smoothly and with high precision, thereby achieving precise control of the grid opening.

[0008] Preferably, the guide sleeve is a double-opening tube sleeve or a single blind-head tube sleeve that matches the outer diameter of the moving rod. The guide sleeve is used to guide the axial movement of the moving rod, and its actual length should be determined based on the installation length of the grid bars and the axial movement stroke.

[0009] Preferably, multiple grid bars are arranged from top to bottom on the rectangular frame of the gate unit, with the long side of each grid bar being horizontal. An opening and closing mechanism is provided at each of the left and right ends of the rectangular frame, and a pushing mechanism is provided at each of the four corners of the rectangular frame. This horizontal arrangement of the grid bars not only facilitates stratified water intake but also allows silt deposits in front of the gate to flow downstream with the river, preventing siltation. The arrangement of the opening and closing mechanisms and the pushing mechanisms ensures smooth opening and closing of the grid bars, avoids equipment damage, and promotes the long-term stable operation of the water intake device.

[0010] Preferably, the high-pressure water jet mechanism includes high-pressure jet nozzles connected to a water pump. Multiple high-pressure jet nozzles are arranged side-by-side on the upstream side of the rectangular frame, with each nozzle corresponding to the water-facing surface of a grid bar. This arrangement of the high-pressure jet nozzles facilitates the efficient flushing and discharge of contaminants from the grid bars.

[0011] Preferably, a rubber waterstop strip is provided on the water-facing surface of the grid bar, which connects with adjacent grid bars in the closed state. This arrangement of the rubber waterstop strip improves the sealing performance of the grid bar in the closed state.

[0012] Preferably, the self-cleaning stratified water intake gate includes multiple gate units arranged from top to bottom.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom plate of the water intake head of the pumping station is inclined downwards towards the riverbank near the water inlet, and an outlet pipe connected to the pump house is installed on the rear wall of the water intake head of the pumping station.

[0014] The water intake method described in this invention is implemented through the aforementioned self-cleaning stratified water intake system suitable for water intake pumping stations in rivers with high sediment content, and includes the following steps: S1, the control computer determines the gate unit to be opened based on the liquid level signal transmitted by the first liquid level sensor, and sends a signal to the corresponding opening and closing mechanism to open the gate bar to realize stratified water diversion; S2, During the water diversion process, the control computer receives the liquid level signals transmitted by the first liquid level sensor and the second liquid level sensor. When the difference between the two exceeds the preset value, the high-pressure water jet mechanism is activated to clean the grid bars. S3, when the pumping station's water intake cycle ends, the gate bars are closed through the opening and closing mechanism.

[0015] This invention provides a self-cleaning, stratified water intake system suitable for water intake pumping stations in rivers with high sediment content. It is compact, structurally robust, and easy to install and control, making it particularly suitable for the intake heads of small pumping stations. When using this system for water intake, the trash racks are opened gradually from high to low based on the water level outside the racks, achieving stratified water intake and maximizing the intake of the upper layer of clean water. Simultaneously, high-pressure jet nozzles can be activated based on the water level difference inside and outside the racks to clean the rack surface, reducing debris and sediment accumulation. After water intake is completed, the gate unit is closed by shutting down the racks, preventing external water from entering and avoiding head siltation during non-operational periods. This invention significantly improves the quality of the intake water, substantially reduces the sediment content entering the pumping station's pipeline system at the source, effectively alleviates pipeline wear and blockage problems, improves water delivery efficiency, and ensures the safe operation of the pumping station. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the self-cleaning and wastewater stratified water intake gate.

[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 2A schematic diagram of the structure of each gate unit.

[0019] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The right view (the grid is open).

[0020] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure with the middle grid bar in a closed state.

[0021] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of part A.

[0022] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of part B.

[0023] Figure 8 yes Figure 4 Left view of the middle shifting mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation methods and specific operation processes are given. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0025] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the self-cleaning stratified water intake system suitable for water intake pumping stations in rivers with high sediment content, as described in this invention, includes a pumping station intake head 1. The inlet of the pumping station intake head 1 is located near the water, and a self-cleaning stratified water intake gate 2, inclined from bottom to top towards the riverbank, is installed at the inlet. The self-cleaning stratified water intake gate 2 is composed of several gate units, each gate unit including multiple grid bars 3 connected to an opening and closing mechanism and a high-pressure water jet mechanism for cleaning the grid bars 3. In addition, a first liquid level sensor 4 for monitoring the river water level is installed on the outside of the pumping station intake head 1, and a second liquid level sensor 5 for monitoring the water level at the intake head is installed inside the pumping station intake head 1. The signal output terminals of the first liquid level sensor 4 and the second liquid level sensor 5 are both connected to the signal input terminal of a control computer. The control output terminal of the control computer is connected to the control input terminal of the opening and closing mechanism and the control input terminal of the high-pressure water jet mechanism, respectively.

[0026] Specifically, the water inlet is located between the bottom and top plates of the pump station intake head 1. The bottom plate of the pump station intake head 1 includes an inclined section near the inlet and a horizontal section near the riverbank. The inclined section gradually slopes downwards from the river channel towards the riverbank, with its higher end level with the riverbed bottom. A water outlet pipe 11 connected to the pump house is installed on the rear wall of the pump station intake head 1. Simultaneously, a water supply pressure pipe 12 connected to the water pump is embedded in the top plate of the pump station intake head 1.

[0027] The self-cleaning, stratified water intake gate 2 is located at the inlet of the pump station's intake head 1, and it consists of multiple gate units that are inclined downwards. Unlike the traditional vertically installed gates, this self-cleaning, stratified water intake gate 2 is usually flush with the riverbank slope, which can eliminate dead zones for siltation and allow most of the silt to flow down with the water, effectively preventing silt from accumulating at the bottom of the gate.

[0028] Each gate unit includes a rectangular frame 21, on which multiple grid bars 3 are installed from top to bottom, with the long side of each grid bar 3 arranged horizontally. An opening and closing mechanism is provided at each of the left and right ends of the rectangular frame 21 (i.e., at the two ends of the long side of the grid bar 3), and a pushing mechanism is provided at each of the four corners of the rectangular frame 21.

[0029] The aforementioned opening and closing mechanism includes a fixed rod 61 and a movable rod 62 disposed on the side of the rectangular frame 21, with the fixed rod 61 and the movable rod 62 parallel to each other. Normally, the fixed rod 61 is located on the front side of the rectangular frame 21 (i.e., the water-facing side), and the movable rod 62 is located on the rear side of the rectangular frame 21 (i.e., the back side). The connection method between the same group of grid bars 3 and the fixed rod 61 and movable rod 62 is the same; that is, the fixed rod 61 is hinged to one long side end of the group of grid bars 3, and the movable rod 62 is hinged to the other long side end of the group of grid bars. Both the upper and lower ends of the movable rod 62 are inserted into the guide sleeve 63, allowing the movable rod 62 to move freely along the axial direction of the guide sleeve 63. Therefore, the minimum distance between the two guide sleeves 63 should meet the insertion requirements of the movable rod 62, i.e., be less than the length of the movable rod 62. Furthermore, the axial travel of the movable rod 62 should also be considered. When the guide sleeve 63 adopts... Figure 6 When a single blind-head sleeve is used, its length is at least the sum of the insertion length of the moving rod 62 and the one-way stroke of the axial movement. The guide sleeve 63 mentioned above can also be a double-opening sleeve. Whether it is a double-opening sleeve or a single blind-head sleeve, its inner diameter is adapted to the outer diameter of the moving rod 62.

[0030] The aforementioned movable rod 62 moves freely along the axial direction of the guide sleeve 63, which is achieved by the movement of the guide sleeve 63 perpendicular to the axial direction. To achieve this, the guide sleeve 63 is connected to a pushing mechanism. The pushing mechanism includes a slider 71 fixedly connected to the guide sleeve 63. The slider 71 is equipped with a guide rod 72 and a screw 74 driven by a motor 73. The guide rod 72 and the screw 74 are perpendicular to the fixed rod 61 and the movable rod 62. When the motor 73 rotates in the forward direction, the screw 74 rotates accordingly, driving the slider 71, the guide sleeve 63, and the movable rod 62 to move closer to the fixed rod 61. During this process, the movable rod 62 moves downward along the guide sleeve 63 (see...). Figure 5The grid bars 3 connected to the fixed rod 61 and the movable rod 62 rotate around their respective hinge axes, eventually causing adjacent grid bars 3 to stack sequentially in a closed state, thus achieving the purpose of closing the gate. Conversely, the motor 73 rotates in the opposite direction, and the screw 74 rotates accordingly, driving the slider 71, guide sleeve 63, and movable rod 62 to move away from the fixed rod 61. During this process, the movable rod 62 moves upward along the guide sleeve 63, and the grid bars 3 connected to the fixed rod 61 and the movable rod 62 rotate around their respective hinge axes, eventually causing adjacent grid bars 3 to stack sequentially in an open state, thus achieving the purpose of opening the gate. Preferably, a rubber waterstop strip 31 is installed on the water-facing surface of each grid bar 3, which connects with the adjacent grid bar 3 in the closed state, to improve the sealing performance of the grid bars 3 in the closed state.

[0031] Since the opening and closing of the gate bars 3 of each gate unit can be controlled individually, the corresponding gate unit can be controlled to open and draw water according to the water level height monitored by the first liquid level sensor 4, thereby realizing stratified water intake.

[0032] If the difference between the internal and external liquid levels detected by the first liquid level sensor 4 and the second liquid level sensor 5 is low during water intake, the high-pressure water jetting mechanism needs to be activated for cleaning. The high-pressure water jetting mechanism includes high-pressure jet nozzles 8 connected to the water supply pressure pipeline 12. Multiple high-pressure jet nozzles 8 are arranged side-by-side on the upstream side of each rectangular frame 21, and each high-pressure jet nozzle 8 is correspondingly positioned on the water-facing surface of a grid bar 3. When the water pump is turned on, high-pressure water is sprayed onto the grid bar 3 through the high-pressure jet nozzles 8. When the wastewater reaches the water surface, it flows downstream with the water flow, preventing siltation in front of the gate.

[0033] The water intake method described in this invention is implemented through the aforementioned self-cleaning stratified water intake system suitable for water intake pumping stations in rivers with high sediment content, and includes the following steps: S1, the control computer determines the gate unit that needs to be opened based on the liquid level signal transmitted by the first liquid level sensor 4, sends a signal to the corresponding motor 73, and opens the gate bar 3 of the gate unit through the pushing mechanism and the opening and closing mechanism to realize the stratified water diversion; S2, during the water diversion process, the control computer receives the liquid level signals transmitted by the first liquid level sensor 4 and the second liquid level sensor 5. When the difference between the two exceeds the preset value, the high-pressure water jet mechanism is activated to clean the grid bars 3. S3, when the pumping station's water intake cycle ends, the grid bar 3 is closed by the pushing mechanism and the opening and closing mechanism.

[0034] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, terms such as "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer" indicating orientation or positional relationships are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

Claims

1. A self-cleaning, stratified water intake system suitable for water intake pumping stations in rivers with high sediment content, characterized in that: The system includes a pumping station intake head, with its inlet located near the water. A self-cleaning, stratified water intake gate, sloping upwards towards the riverbank, is installed at the inlet. The gate consists of several gate units, each including multiple gate bars connected to an opening / closing mechanism and a high-pressure water jet mechanism for cleaning the gate bars. A first level sensor for monitoring the river water level is installed on the outside of the pumping station intake head, and a second level sensor for monitoring the water level inside the intake head is installed. The signal outputs of both the first and second level sensors are connected to the signal input of a control computer. The control output of the control computer is connected to the control input of the opening / closing mechanism and the control input of the high-pressure water jet mechanism, respectively.

2. The self-cleaning, stratified water intake system suitable for water intake pumping stations in rivers with high sediment loads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening and closing mechanism is located at both ends of the long side of the grid bar. Each opening and closing mechanism includes a fixed rod and a moving rod arranged in parallel. The fixed rod is hinged to one long side of the grid bar, and the moving rod is hinged to the other long side of the grid bar. The two ends of the moving rod are movably inserted into the guide sleeve. The guide sleeve is connected to the pushing mechanism. While changing the distance between the fixed rod and the moving rod, the pushing mechanism causes the moving rod to move axially along the guide sleeve at both ends, thereby realizing the switching of the grid bar between the closed state and the open state.

3. The self-cleaning, stratified water intake system suitable for water intake pumping stations in rivers with high sediment loads according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pushing mechanism includes a slider fixedly connected to the guide sleeve. The slider is provided with a guide rod and a motor-driven screw. The guide rod and the screw are perpendicular to the fixed rod and the moving rod.

4. The self-cleaning, stratified water intake system suitable for water intake pumping stations in rivers with high sediment loads according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide sleeve is a double-opening tube sleeve or a single blind-head tube sleeve that is adapted to the outer diameter of the moving rod.

5. The self-cleaning, stratified water intake system suitable for water intake pumping stations in rivers with high sediment loads according to claim 2, characterized in that: Multiple grid bars are arranged from top to bottom on the rectangular frame of the gate unit, and the long side of each grid bar is arranged horizontally; an opening and closing mechanism is provided at the left and right ends of the rectangular frame, and a pushing mechanism is provided at each of the four corners of the rectangular frame.

6. The self-cleaning, stratified water intake system suitable for water intake pumping stations in rivers with high sediment loads according to claim 5, characterized in that: The high-pressure water jet mechanism includes a high-pressure jet nozzle connected to a water pump. Multiple high-pressure jet nozzles are arranged side by side on the upstream side of the rectangular frame, and each high-pressure jet nozzle is correspondingly arranged on the water-facing surface of a grid bar.

7. The self-cleaning, stratified water intake system suitable for water intake pumping stations in rivers with high sediment loads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-facing surface of the grid bar is provided with a rubber waterstop strip that connects with the adjacent grid bar in the closed state.

8. The self-cleaning stratified water intake system suitable for water intake pumping stations in rivers with high sediment loads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-cleaning and stratified water intake gate includes multiple gate units arranged from top to bottom.

9. The self-cleaning, stratified water intake system suitable for water intake pumping stations in rivers with high sediment loads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate of the water intake head of the pumping station is inclined downwards towards the riverbank near the water inlet, and an outlet pipe connected to the pump house is installed on the rear wall of the water intake head.

10. A water intake method for a self-cleaning, stratified water intake system suitable for water intake pumping stations in rivers with high sediment loads, as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, the control computer determines the gate unit to be opened based on the liquid level signal transmitted by the first liquid level sensor, and sends a signal to the corresponding opening and closing mechanism to open the gate bar to realize stratified water diversion; S2, During the water diversion process, the control computer receives the liquid level signals transmitted by the first liquid level sensor and the second liquid level sensor. When the difference between the two exceeds the preset value, the high-pressure water jet mechanism is activated to clean the grid bars. S3, when the pumping station's water intake cycle ends, the gate bars are closed through the opening and closing mechanism.

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