A photovoltaic-electrochromic integrated tempered vacuum insulating glass intelligent outer facade component

Abstract

The application relates to the field of building energy saving, and particularly discloses a photovoltaic-electrochromic integrated toughened vacuum insulating glass intelligent outer facade component which comprises, from outside to inside, a first toughened glass substrate, a first PVB film, a cadmium telluride battery piece, a second PVB film, a second toughened glass substrate, a hollow layer, an EC electrochromic layer, a third toughened glass substrate, a vacuum cavity, a support column, an inner layer toughened glass substrate and a wiring module. The cadmium telluride battery piece is used for providing driving electric energy for the EC electrochromic layer, the vacuum cavity and the hollow layer form a double heat insulation structure, and the wiring module is used for realizing electric energy transmission and control signal access. The application realizes integrated integration of photovoltaic power generation, electrochromic light control and vacuum insulation functions, has the characteristics of good energy saving effect, high structural strength, excellent sealing performance and high intelligent degree, and is suitable for the field of building outer facades.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building energy conservation technology, and more specifically, to a photovoltaic-electrochromic integrated tempered vacuum insulating glass smart facade component. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demand for energy-efficient and intelligent buildings, the building facade, as a key interface for energy exchange and information interaction between the building and the outside world, directly affects the overall energy consumption level and indoor environmental quality. Existing building facade glass components generally suffer from limited functionality. While ordinary vacuum-insulated glass offers good thermal insulation, it lacks energy self-sufficiency and light control capabilities. Standalone photovoltaic modules, when integrated with the building facade, often exhibit poor overall coordination and occupy additional space. Although ordinary electrochromic glass can adjust light transmittance, it typically relies on external power supply, making it difficult to meet the development needs of low-carbon buildings.

[0003] In existing integrated technologies, the combination of photovoltaics and electrochromic glass often adopts a separate design, with the two typically connected via external wiring. This not only makes the installation process cumbersome but also results in poor overall sealing, and exposed wiring can easily affect the service life. Furthermore, some integrated components do not optimize vacuum insulation performance, leading to limited energy savings and failing to meet the comprehensive requirements of modern green buildings for energy conservation, intelligence, and high efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the aforementioned deficiencies of the prior art, this invention provides a photovoltaic-electrochromic integrated tempered vacuum insulating glass smart facade component. This component consists of, from the outside in, a first tempered glass substrate, a PVB film, a cadmium telluride solar cell, a second tempered glass substrate, a hollow layer, an EC electrochromic layer, a third tempered glass substrate, a vacuum cavity, a support column, and an inner tempered glass substrate, all connected via a wiring module. This allows the component to simultaneously perform power generation, dimming, and heat insulation functions, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A photovoltaic-electrochromic integrated tempered vacuum insulating glass smart facade component comprises, from the outside to the inside, a first tempered glass substrate, a first PVB film, a cadmium telluride solar cell, a second PVB film, a second tempered glass substrate, a hollow layer, an EC electrochromic layer, a third tempered glass substrate, a vacuum cavity, a support column, an inner tempered glass substrate, a wiring module, a super spacer, a desiccant, and a metal edge seal.

[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention, the first tempered glass substrate has a thickness of 5 mm and serves as the outermost protective structure of the component, providing impact resistance and light transmission support for the internal functional layers. The first PVB film has a thickness of 1.14 mm and is disposed inside the first tempered glass substrate, used to bond and fix the first tempered glass substrate to the cadmium telluride solar cells. The cadmium telluride solar cells are arranged in an array inside the first PVB film, used to convert light energy into electrical energy and provide driving power for the EC electrochromic layer. The second PVB film has a thickness of 1.14 mm and is disposed inside the cadmium telluride solar cells, used to bond and fix the cadmium telluride solar cells to the second tempered glass substrate. The second tempered glass substrate has a thickness of 5 mm and is disposed inside the second PVB film, used to form a separator and support between the photovoltaic composite layer and the inner functional layers.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the hollow layer is disposed inside the second tempered glass substrate, and its thickness is 6-12 mm. The hollow layer is filled with dry air or inert gas to form a double thermal insulation structure together with the subsequent vacuum cavity. The EC electrochromic layer is disposed inside the hollow layer. The EC electrochromic layer includes a transparent conductive layer, an electrochromic film layer, and an ion-conducting layer, and is powered by a cadmium telluride solar cell to achieve dynamic adjustment of light transmittance. The third tempered glass substrate has a thickness of 3.2 mm and is disposed inside the EC electrochromic layer, serving as an isolation support structure between the electrochromic layer and the vacuum cavity.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention, the vacuum cavity is disposed between the third tempered glass substrate and the inner tempered glass substrate, and the vacuum degree is not lower than that of the third tempered glass substrate and the inner tempered glass substrate. To reduce gas heat conduction and convective heat transfer, the support columns, made of zirconia ceramic, are evenly distributed within the vacuum chamber. They have a diameter of 0.1-0.3 mm and a height consistent with the thickness of the vacuum chamber, supporting the third tempered glass substrate and the inner tempered glass substrate to prevent deformation or breakage under pressure differences. The inner tempered glass substrate is 3.2 mm thick and serves as an inner protective structure for the component. The wiring module is embedded in the side of the component and electrically connected to the cadmium telluride solar cell and the EC electrochromic layer, respectively. This enables photovoltaic power transmission and control signal access for the electrochromic layer, and the wiring module features a sealed, waterproof design.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention, the array spacing of the cadmium telluride solar cells is 5-10 mm to balance power generation efficiency and overall light transmittance. Furthermore, the transparent conductive layer in the EC electrochromic layer is made of FTO material. Furthermore, the edge of the vacuum cavity is sealed with low-melting-point glass solder with a sealing width of 3-5 mm to improve the long-term sealing performance of the vacuum cavity.

[0011] The technical effects and advantages of this invention, a photovoltaic-electrochromic integrated tempered vacuum insulating glass intelligent facade component, are as follows: This invention integrates three core functions—photovoltaic power generation, electrochromic light control, and vacuum insulation—into a single component, solving the problems of single function and cumbersome installation in traditional facade components, and achieving synergistic effects of power generation, light control, and energy saving. The vacuum cavity and the hollow layer form a double thermal insulation structure, which reduces the component's heat transfer coefficient, making it superior to ordinary hollow glass. Simultaneously, the cadmium telluride solar cells provide self-sufficient energy for the electrochromic layer, reducing dependence on external power supply. The electrochromic layer can also adjust its light transmittance according to environmental conditions, thereby reducing building air conditioning and lighting energy consumption. This invention uses a multi-layer tempered glass substrate and PVB film composite structure, which has good impact resistance and wind pressure resistance. The vacuum cavity uses a micro-support column and low-melting-point glass solder sealing structure, which helps to ensure long-term stability of the vacuum state, thereby improving the overall service life of the component. Electrochromic layers can be connected to building intelligent control systems via wiring modules, thereby enabling automatic sensing and adjustment of parameters such as light intensity and temperature, which helps to improve the level of building intelligence and improve the indoor lighting environment. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic-electrochromic integrated tempered vacuum insulating glass smart facade component according to the present invention.

[0013] In the figure: 1. First tempered glass substrate; 2. First PVB film; 3. Cadmium telluride solar cell; 4. Second PVB film; 5. Second tempered glass substrate; 6. Hollow layer; 7. EC electrochromic layer; 8. Third tempered glass substrate; 9. Vacuum chamber; 10. Inner tempered glass substrate; 11. Support column; 12. Wiring module; 13. Super spacer; 14. Desiccant; 15. Metal edge sealing. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] Example 1

[0016] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention discloses a photovoltaic-electrochromic integrated tempered vacuum insulating glass smart facade component, comprising, from the outside to the inside: a first tempered glass substrate 1 with a thickness of 5mm; a first PVB film 2 with a thickness of 1.14mm bonded to the inner side of the first tempered glass substrate 1; cadmium telluride solar cells 3 arranged in an array on the inner side of the first PVB film 2; a second PVB film 4 with a thickness of 1.14mm covering the inner side of the cadmium telluride solar cells 3; and a second tempered glass substrate 5 with a thickness of 5mm bonded to the inner side of the second PVB film 4, thereby forming a photovoltaic composite layer.

[0017] A 10mm thick hollow layer 6 is disposed on the inner side of the second tempered glass substrate 5. The hollow layer 6 is filled with argon gas to further improve the thermal insulation performance of the component. An EC electrochromic layer 7 is disposed on the inner side of the hollow layer 6. The EC electrochromic layer 7 includes a transparent conductive layer, an electrochromic film layer, and an ion-conducting layer. The transparent conductive layer is made of FTO material, and the electrochromic film layer is made of... The base composite membrane, the ion conduction layer adopts Doped solid electrolyte. A third tempered glass substrate 8 with a thickness of 3.2 mm is disposed on the inner side of the EC electrochromic layer 7 to serve as the outer support layer of the vacuum cavity 9.

[0018] A vacuum cavity 9 is formed between the third tempered glass substrate 8 and the inner tempered glass substrate 10, which has a thickness of 3.2 mm. The vacuum cavity 9 has a thickness of 0.5 mm, and the vacuum level is controlled at... The vacuum chamber 9 contains uniformly distributed zirconia ceramic support pillars 11 with a diameter of 0.2 mm and a spacing of 20 mm, which are used to prevent significant deformation of the glass under vacuum conditions. The edges of the vacuum chamber 9 are sealed with low-melting-point glass solder with a sealing width of 4 mm to ensure that the vacuum chamber 9 maintains a high sealing performance over a long period of time.

[0019] A wiring module 12 is embedded on the right side of the component. The input end of the wiring module 12 is connected to the electrode of the cadmium telluride solar cell 3, and the output end is connected to the transparent conductive layer of the EC electrochromic layer 7. An interface for connection to a building intelligent control system is also provided to enable automatic and manual control of the EC electrochromic layer 7. The cadmium telluride solar cell 3 generates electrical energy when exposed to light. This energy can be directly used to drive the state switching of the EC electrochromic layer 7, allowing it to switch between a transparent and a shaded state, thereby adjusting the light transmittance according to external lighting conditions and indoor usage requirements. The vacuum cavity 9 and the hollow layer 6 together reduce heat transfer to the component, improving its thermal insulation capabilities.

[0020] The super spacer 13 is positioned around the hollow layer 6 and serves to space and support the adjacent structures on both sides of the hollow layer 6, enabling the hollow layer 6 to maintain its predetermined thickness and ensuring the formation and stability of the hollow layer 6 within the component.

[0021] The desiccant 14, in conjunction with the sealing of the hollow layer 6, keeps the internal environment dry, preventing the edge area from getting damp and affecting the stability and heat insulation effect of the hollow layer 6.

[0022] The metal sealing edge 15 is used to encapsulate and seal the edge area of ​​the component, so that the super spacer strip 13 and desiccant 14 at the edge of the hollow layer 6 can be fixed and isolated from the outside, thereby improving the overall sealing performance.

[0023] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0024] In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic-electrochromic integrated tempered vacuum insulating glass intelligent exterior facade component, characterized in that, From the outside to the inside, the components include a first tempered glass substrate (1), a first PVB film (2), a cadmium telluride solar cell (3), a second PVB film (4), a second tempered glass substrate (5), a hollow layer (6), an EC electrochromic layer (7), a third tempered glass, a vacuum cavity (9), a support column (11), an inner tempered glass substrate (10), and a wiring module (12). The wiring module (12) is embedded on the side of the component and is electrically connected to the cadmium telluride solar cell (3) and the EC electrochromic layer (7) respectively. The cadmium telluride solar cell (3) is used to provide driving power to the EC electrochromic layer (7). The vacuum cavity (9) and the hollow layer (6) together form a double heat insulation structure.

2. The photovoltaic-electrochromic integrated tempered vacuum insulating glass intelligent exterior facade component according to claim 1, characterized in that The EC electrochromic layer (7) is disposed inside the hollow layer (6). The EC electrochromic layer (7) includes a transparent conductive layer, an electrochromic film layer and an ion-conducting layer. The EC electrochromic layer (7) dynamically adjusts its light transmittance under the driving power provided by the cadmium telluride solar cell (3) and switches between a transparent state and a light-blocking state.

3. The photovoltaic-electrochromic integrated tempered vacuum insulating glass intelligent exterior facade component according to claim 2, characterized in that The input end of the wiring module (12) is connected to the electrode of the cadmium telluride battery cell (3), and the output end of the wiring module (12) is connected to the transparent conductive layer of the EC electrochromic layer (7). The wiring module (12) also has a reserved interface for connection with the building intelligent control system.

4. The photovoltaic-electrochromic integrated tempered vacuum insulating glass smart facade component according to claim 3, characterized in that, The vacuum cavity (9) is arranged between the third tempered glass substrate (8) and the inner layer tempered glass substrate (10), the support columns (11) are uniformly distributed in the vacuum cavity (9) and used for supporting the third tempered glass substrate (8) and the inner layer tempered glass substrate (10), and the vacuum degree of the vacuum cavity (9) is not less than .

5. The photovoltaic-electrochromic integrated tempered vacuum insulating glass smart facade component according to claim 4, characterized in that... The thickness of the hollow layer (6) is 6-12 mm, and the hollow layer (6) is filled with dry air or inert gas.

6. The photovoltaic-electrochromic integrated tempered vacuum insulating glass smart facade component according to claim 4, characterized in that... The support column (11) is made of zirconium oxide ceramic material. The diameter of the support column (11) is 0.1-0.3mm. The height of the support column (11) is the same as the thickness of the vacuum cavity (9).

7. The photovoltaic-electrochromic integrated tempered vacuum insulating glass smart facade component according to claim 4, characterized in that... The edge of the vacuum chamber (9) is sealed with low melting point glass solder, and the sealing width is 3-5mm.

8. The photovoltaic-electrochromic integrated tempered vacuum insulating glass smart facade component according to claim 1, characterized in that... The cadmium telluride solar cells (3) are arranged in an array, and the array spacing of the cadmium telluride solar cells (3) is 5-10 mm.

9. The photovoltaic-electrochromic integrated tempered vacuum insulating glass smart facade component according to claim 2, characterized in that... The transparent conductive layer is made of FTO material, and the electrochromic film layer is made of... The base composite membrane, wherein the ion-conducting layer is Doped solid electrolyte.

10. The photovoltaic-electrochromic integrated tempered vacuum insulating glass smart facade component according to claim 1, characterized in that... The first PVB film (2) and the second PVB film (4) are respectively disposed on both sides of the cadmium telluride battery cell (3), and the cadmium telluride battery cell (3) is fixed between the first tempered glass substrate (1) and the second tempered glass substrate (5) to form a symmetrical bonding structure. The wiring module (12) adopts a sealed and waterproof design.

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