Direct-fired incinerator water seal flame arrestor backfire prevention system and application
By employing a water-sealed flame arrestor system in a direct-fired incinerator, the problem of insufficient flame arrestor reliability is solved by using a water layer to isolate the flame and release shock waves, thus achieving effective flame blocking and safety protection.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- JIANGSU ANPON ELECTROCHEM
- Filing Date
- 2026-05-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-28
AI Technical Summary
Existing direct-fired incinerators have insufficient flame arrest reliability in the event of backfire, the filter element is easily damaged, and they cannot effectively prevent the flame from spreading back to upstream pipelines and equipment, posing an explosion risk.
A water-sealed flame arrestor system is adopted, which uses a water layer to physically isolate the flame and releases a shock wave through water pressure to prevent the flame from spreading back and the impact of the shock wave.
It effectively prevents flames from backflashing into upstream pipelines and equipment, reduces the risk of explosion, improves the reliability of backfire prevention, and ensures safety.
Smart Images
Figure CN122467668A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste gas treatment technology, and in particular to a water seal flame arrestor system for preventing backfire in a direct-fired incinerator and its application. Background Technology
[0002] A direct-fired incinerator is a highly efficient environmental protection device for waste gas treatment. With a combustion temperature reaching up to 1150 degrees Celsius, it mixes and burns waste gas with fuel in the combustion chamber, oxidizing organic pollutants into harmless substances such as water and carbon dioxide. The high-temperature combustion gases produced directly contact the waste gas, achieving complete combustion and degradation. It is suitable for treating various mixed waste gases, generally including combustible gases such as dichloroethane and methane. However, during the incineration process, if backfire occurs in the direct-fired incinerator, there is a risk of flame propagation within the furnace. Furthermore, if the LEL (Leakage Limiting Energy) concentration in the upstream waste gas pipeline is high, it can lead to a serious safety hazard, potentially causing an explosion in the upstream pipeline and related equipment.
[0003] In the event of backfire in existing direct-fired incinerators, the flame is typically extinguished by installing a dry flame arrestor on the upstream exhaust gas duct. However, this method can only extinguish typical backfires. If deflagration and backfire occur in the incinerator furnace, the reliability of the dry flame arrestor will be greatly reduced. The huge shock wave may damage the filter element in the dry flame arrestor, preventing it from extinguishing the flame and thus increasing the risk of explosion in upstream production equipment.
[0004] In summary, existing backfire prevention methods are not reliable enough when faced with deflagration or high-concentration exhaust gas impacts. They are prone to failure due to filter element damage and cannot effectively prevent flames from spreading back to upstream pipelines and devices. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a backfire prevention system and application for a water seal flame arrester in a direct-fired incinerator. This solves the technical problem that existing backfire prevention methods are not reliable enough when encountering deflagration or high-concentration exhaust gas impacts, are prone to failure due to filter element damage, and cannot effectively prevent flames from spreading back to upstream pipes and devices.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a backfire prevention system for a water-sealed flame arrester in a direct-fired incinerator, comprising an incinerator, a combined burner, an exhaust gas source, an exhaust gas fan, a water-sealed flame arrester body, a demineralized water source, a demineralized water injection component, a boundary butterfly valve, a first hand valve for the exhaust gas pipeline, a second hand valve for the exhaust gas pipeline, a third hand valve for the exhaust gas pipeline, a fourth hand valve for the exhaust gas pipeline, a combustible alarm LEL, an exhaust gas pipeline switch valve, an inlet pipe for the water-sealed flame arrester, an outlet pipe for the water-sealed flame arrester, and a rupture disc for the water-sealed flame arrester. The combined burner is installed on the incinerator. The inlet pipe and outlet pipe of the water-sealed flame arrester are both installed on the main body of the water-sealed flame arrester. The exhaust gas source is connected to the exhaust gas fan through a pipe. The exhaust gas fan is connected to the inlet pipe of the water-sealed flame arrester through the third hand valve of the exhaust gas pipe. The boundary butterfly valve, the first hand valve of the exhaust gas pipe, the second hand valve of the exhaust gas pipe, the combustible alarm LEL, and the exhaust gas pipe switch valve are all installed on the pipe between the exhaust gas source and the exhaust gas fan. The outlet pipe of the water-sealed flame arrester is connected to the incinerator through the fourth hand valve of the exhaust gas pipe. The demineralized water source is connected to the main body of the water-sealed flame arrester through the demineralized water injection component, and the bursting disc of the water-sealed flame arrester is disposed on the top of the main body of the water-sealed flame arrester.
[0007] The backfire prevention system of the water seal flame arrester for direct-fired incinerator also includes a water seal flame arrester level gauge and a water seal flame arrester low level switch, both of which are mounted on the main body of the water seal flame arrester.
[0008] The demineralized water injection component includes a first hand valve for the demineralized water pipeline, a demineralized water switch valve, and a second hand valve for the demineralized water pipeline. The first hand valve for the demineralized water pipeline, the demineralized water switch valve, and the second hand valve for the demineralized water pipeline are all installed on the pipeline between the demineralized water source and the water seal flame arrester. The demineralized water switch valve is located between the first hand valve and the second hand valve of the demineralized water pipeline.
[0009] The air inlet pipe of the water-sealed flame arrester is a 90-degree elbow pipe, and the outlet is located below the water surface of the main body of the water-sealed flame arrester, at a distance of 20% of the height of the cylinder of the main body of the water-sealed flame arrester.
[0010] The outlet pipe of the water-sealed flame arrester is also a 90-degree bend pipe, with the inlet located above the water surface of the main body of the water-sealed flame arrester, and the distance from the top of the main body of the water-sealed flame arrester is 15% of the height of the cylinder of the main body of the water-sealed flame arrester.
[0011] The water seal flame arrester level gauge is located on the side of the water seal flame arrester body. The distance between the upper pipe port and the bottom of the water seal flame arrester body is 25% of the height of the cylinder of the water seal flame arrester body, and the distance between the lower pipe port and the bottom of the water seal flame arrester body is 10% of the height of the cylinder of the water seal flame arrester body.
[0012] The low-level switch of the water-sealed flame arrester is located at the bottom of the main body of the water-sealed flame arrester, and the distance from the bottom of the main body of the water-sealed flame arrester is 20% of the height of the cylinder of the main body of the water-sealed flame arrester.
[0013] The application of the water-sealed flame arrestor backfire prevention system for direct-fired incinerators, as described above, in waste gas treatment. The gases processed include flammable gases, such as dichloroethane and methane.
[0014] This invention discloses a water-sealed flame arrestor system and its application for preventing backfire in a direct-fired incinerator. The water-sealed flame arrestor body prevents flame backfire within the incinerator furnace. The combined burner is used for ignition of the incinerator. The boundary butterfly valve is used for physical isolation of the entire incineration system. The first hand valve of the exhaust gas pipeline is used for isolation and maintenance of the exhaust gas pipeline switch valve. The second hand valve of the exhaust gas pipeline is used for isolation and maintenance of the exhaust gas pipeline switch valve. The third hand valve of the exhaust gas pipeline is used for isolation and maintenance of the water-sealed flame arrestor body. The fourth hand valve of the exhaust gas pipeline is used for isolation and maintenance of the water-sealed flame arrestor body. The combustible gas alarm LEL is used for online monitoring of the combustible gas concentration in the mixed exhaust gas. The exhaust gas pipeline switch valve is used for high-limit interlock shutdown of the combustible gas alarm LEL. The demineralized water source is used for water replenishment of the water-sealed flame arrestor body. This invention effectively utilizes the water layer of the water-sealed flame arrestor to physically isolate the flame when a deflagration and flashback occur in the furnace of a direct-fired incinerator. At the same time, the shock wave generated by the deflagration is released through water pressure, thereby avoiding the serious safety risk of an explosion in upstream production equipment and reducing the safety hazards to personnel and property. Attached Figure Description
[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the backfire prevention system of the water seal flame arrestor for a direct-fired incinerator according to the present invention.
[0017] In the diagram: 1-Incinerator, 2-Combined burner, 3-Exhaust gas source, 4-Exhaust gas fan, 5-Water seal flame arrester body, 6-Demineralized water source, 7-Boundary butterfly valve, 8-First hand valve of exhaust gas pipeline, 9-Second hand valve of exhaust gas pipeline, 10-Third hand valve of exhaust gas pipeline, 11-Fourth hand valve of exhaust gas pipeline, 12-Combustible alarm LEL, 13-Exhaust gas pipeline switch valve, 14-Inlet pipe of water seal flame arrester, 15-Outlet pipe of water seal flame arrester, 16-Rupture disc of water seal flame arrester, 17-Level gauge of water seal flame arrester, 18-Low level switch of water seal flame arrester, 19-First hand valve of demineralized water pipeline, 20-Switch valve of demineralized water pipeline, 21-Second hand valve of demineralized water pipeline. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
[0019] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the backfire prevention system of a water-sealed flame arrester for a direct-fired incinerator according to the present invention. An embodiment of the present invention provides a backfire prevention system of a water-sealed flame arrester for a direct-fired incinerator, including an incinerator 1, a combined burner 2, an exhaust gas source 3, an exhaust gas fan 4, a water-sealed flame arrester body 5, a demineralized water source 6, a demineralized water injection component, a boundary butterfly valve 7, a first hand valve for the exhaust gas pipeline 8, a second hand valve for the exhaust gas pipeline 9, a third hand valve for the exhaust gas pipeline 10, a fourth hand valve for the exhaust gas pipeline 11, a combustible alarm LEL 12, an exhaust gas pipeline switch valve 13, a water-sealed flame arrester inlet pipe 14, and a water-sealed flame arrester... The flame outlet pipe 15 and the water seal flame arrester rupture disc 16 are included; the direct-fired incinerator water seal flame arrester backfire prevention system also includes a water seal flame arrester level gauge 17 and a water seal flame arrester low level switch 18; the demineralized water injection component includes a first hand valve 19 for the demineralized water pipeline, a demineralized water switch valve 20 and a second hand valve 21 for the demineralized water pipeline. The aforementioned solution solves the technical problem that the existing backfire prevention method is not reliable enough when encountering deflagration backfire or high-concentration exhaust gas impact, is prone to failure due to filter element damage, and cannot effectively prevent the flame from spreading back to the upstream pipeline and device.
[0020] In this specific embodiment, the combined burner 2 is installed on the incinerator 1, the water seal flame arrester inlet pipe 14 and the water seal flame arrester outlet pipe 15 are both installed on the water seal flame arrester body 5, the exhaust gas source 3 is connected to the exhaust gas fan 4 through a pipe, the exhaust gas fan 4 is connected to the water seal flame arrester inlet pipe 14 through the exhaust gas pipe third hand valve 10, the boundary butterfly valve 7, the exhaust gas pipe first hand valve 8, the exhaust gas pipe second hand valve 9, the combustible alarm LEL 12 and the exhaust gas pipe switch valve 13 are all installed on the pipe between the exhaust gas source 3 and the exhaust gas fan 4, and the water seal flame arrester outlet pipe 15 is connected to the incinerator 1 through the exhaust gas pipe fourth hand valve 11; The demineralized water source 6 is connected to the water-sealed flame arrester body 5 via the demineralized water injection component, and the water-sealed flame arrester rupture disc 16 is located on the top of the water-sealed flame arrester body 5. The water-sealed flame arrester body 5 prevents flame backflow within the furnace of the incinerator 1; the combined burner 2 is used for ignition of the incinerator 1; the boundary butterfly valve 7 is used for physical isolation of the entire incineration system; the first hand valve 8 of the exhaust gas pipeline is used for isolation and maintenance of the exhaust gas pipeline switch valve 13; the second hand valve 9 of the exhaust gas pipeline is used for isolation and maintenance of the exhaust gas pipeline switch valve 13; the third hand valve 10 of the exhaust gas pipeline is used for isolation and maintenance of the water-sealed flame arrester body 5; the fourth hand valve 11 of the exhaust gas pipeline is used for isolation and maintenance of the water-sealed flame arrester body 5; the combustible gas alarm LEL12 is used for online monitoring of the combustible gas concentration in the mixed exhaust gas; the exhaust gas pipeline switch valve 13 is used for high-limit interlock shutdown of the combustible gas alarm LEL12; and the demineralized water source 6 is used for water replenishment of the water-sealed flame arrester body 5. This invention enables the effective physical isolation of the flame by utilizing the water layer of the main body 5 of the water seal flame arrester when a deflagration and backfire occur in the furnace of a direct-fired incinerator 1. At the same time, the shock wave generated by the deflagration is released by water pressure, thereby avoiding the serious safety risk of an explosion in the upstream production equipment and reducing the safety hazards to personnel and property.
[0021] The water seal flame arrester level gauge 17 and the water seal flame arrester low level switch 18 are both mounted on the water seal flame arrester body 5. The water seal flame arrester level gauge 17 is located on the side of the water seal flame arrester body 5, with the upper inlet at a distance of 25% of the cylinder height of the water seal flame arrester body 5 from the bottom, and the lower inlet at a distance of 10% of the cylinder height of the water seal flame arrester body 5 from the bottom. The water seal flame arrester low level switch 18 is located at the bottom of the water seal flame arrester body 5, at a distance of 20% of the cylinder height of the water seal flame arrester body 5 from the bottom.
[0022] Secondly, the first hand valve 19 of the demineralized water pipeline, the demineralized water switch valve 20, and the second hand valve 21 of the demineralized water pipeline are all installed on the pipeline between the demineralized water source 6 and the water seal flame arrester body 5; The demineralized water switch valve 20 is located between the first hand valve 19 and the second hand valve 21 of the demineralized water pipeline; the first hand valve 19 is located between the demineralized water source 6 and the demineralized water pipeline switch valve 20, and is used for the isolation and maintenance of the demineralized water pipeline switch valve 20; the demineralized water switch valve 20 is used for interlocking control of the water seal flame arrester body 5 for water replenishment; the second hand valve 21 of the demineralized water pipeline is used for the isolation and maintenance of the demineralized water pipeline switch valve 20.
[0023] Meanwhile, the air inlet pipe 14 of the water seal flame arrester is a 90-degree bend pipe, and the outlet is located below the water surface of the water seal flame arrester body 5, at a distance of 20% of the cylinder height of the water seal flame arrester body 5 from the bottom of the water seal flame arrester body 5.
[0024] The outlet pipe 15 of the water seal flame arrester is also a 90-degree elbow pipe. The inlet is located above the water surface of the main body 5 of the water seal flame arrester, and the distance from the top of the main body 5 of the water seal flame arrester is 15% of the height of the cylinder of the main body 5 of the water seal flame arrester.
[0025] Furthermore, the water-sealed flame arrester rupture disc 16 is disposed on the top of the water-sealed flame arrester body 5 and is used to vent backfire during deflagration in the incinerator 1.
[0026] When the level of the water seal flame arrester level gauge 17 reaches 60% of its range, the demineralized water switch valve 20 is interlocked open to automatically replenish water. When the level of the water seal flame arrester level gauge 17 reaches 80% of its range, the demineralized water switch valve 20 is interlocked closed. When the low-level switch 18 of the water-sealed flame arrester is triggered, the combined burner 2 is interlocked to shut down.
[0027] Working Principle: The incineration system of this invention adopts a process route of: gas supply + incineration + [waste heat recovery + quenching + alkaline scrubbing + SCR denitrification + chimney emission], wherein the waste heat recovery + quenching + alkaline scrubbing + SCR denitrification + chimney emission is not shown in this presentation. Upstream, a mixed waste gas containing combustible gas is introduced into the incinerator 1 via the waste gas fan 4 and the water-sealed flame arrester body 5 for incineration. The high-temperature flue gas after incineration utilizes waste heat through a boiler and flue gas heat exchanger, and then passes through a quenching tower for cooling, using quenching to suppress dioxin formation. The quenched flue gas undergoes alkaline scrubbing and acid removal in an alkaline scrubbing tower. The discharged flue gas is then heated by a heat exchanger and a pipe burner before entering the subsequent SCR denitrification unit. The purified flue gas undergoes further waste heat utilization through an air preheater, and then is emitted through a chimney. During normal operation of the incinerator 1, waste gas enters the incinerator 1 through the waste gas pipeline, the waste gas fan 4, and the water-sealed flame arrester body 5 for complete combustion. The waste gas inlet of the incinerator 1 is under positive pressure, preventing backfire. After passing through the downstream treatment system, the treated clean gas is led to the chimney by the induced draft fan for high-altitude emission in compliance with standards. In the event of a deflagration in abnormal operation of the incinerator 1, the flame pipeline in the incinerator 1 connects to the water-sealed flame arrester body 5. The water seal of the water-sealed flame arrester body 5 effectively prevents backfire flames from spreading to upstream pipelines and upstream production equipment. At the same time, the water seal of the water-sealed flame arrester body 5 and the pressure relief of the water-sealed flame arrester rupture disc 16 effectively prevent the impact of a huge shock wave on the upstream, thereby avoiding the serious safety risk of an explosion in the upstream production equipment and reducing the safety hazards to personnel and property.
[0028] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely one or more preferred embodiments of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes for implementing the above embodiments and equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of this application still fall within the scope of this application.
Claims
1. A backfire prevention system for a water-sealed flame arrestor in a direct-fired incinerator, characterized in that, Includes incinerator, combined burner, exhaust gas source, exhaust gas fan, water seal flame arrester body, demineralized water source, demineralized water injection component, boundary butterfly valve, first hand valve of exhaust gas pipeline, second hand valve of exhaust gas pipeline, third hand valve of exhaust gas pipeline, fourth hand valve of exhaust gas pipeline, combustible alarm LEL, exhaust gas pipeline switch valve, water seal flame arrester inlet pipe, water seal flame arrester outlet pipe and water seal flame arrester rupture disc; The combined burner is installed on the incinerator. The inlet pipe and outlet pipe of the water-sealed flame arrester are both installed on the main body of the water-sealed flame arrester. The exhaust gas source is connected to the exhaust gas fan through a pipe. The exhaust gas fan is connected to the inlet pipe of the water-sealed flame arrester through the third hand valve of the exhaust gas pipe. The boundary butterfly valve, the first hand valve of the exhaust gas pipe, the second hand valve of the exhaust gas pipe, the combustible alarm LEL, and the exhaust gas pipe switch valve are all installed on the pipe between the exhaust gas source and the exhaust gas fan. The outlet pipe of the water-sealed flame arrester is connected to the incinerator through the fourth hand valve of the exhaust gas pipe. The demineralized water source is connected to the main body of the water-sealed flame arrester through the demineralized water injection component, and the bursting disc of the water-sealed flame arrester is disposed on the top of the main body of the water-sealed flame arrester.
2. The backfire prevention system for a water-sealed flame arrestor in a direct-fired incinerator as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The backfire prevention system of the water seal flame arrester for direct-fired incinerator also includes a water seal flame arrester level gauge and a water seal flame arrester low level switch, both of which are installed on the main body of the water seal flame arrester.
3. The backfire prevention system of the water seal flame arrestor for a direct-fired incinerator as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The demineralized water injection component includes a first hand valve for the demineralized water pipeline, a demineralized water switch valve, and a second hand valve for the demineralized water pipeline. The first hand valve for the demineralized water pipeline, the demineralized water switch valve, and the second hand valve for the demineralized water pipeline are all installed on the pipeline between the demineralized water source and the water seal flame arrester. The demineralized water switch valve is located between the first hand valve and the second hand valve of the demineralized water pipeline.
4. The backfire prevention system of the water seal flame arrestor for a direct-fired incinerator as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The air inlet pipe of the water-sealed flame arrester is a 90-degree elbow pipe, and the outlet is located below the water surface of the main body of the water-sealed flame arrester, at a distance of 20% of the height of the cylinder of the main body of the water-sealed flame arrester.
5. The backfire prevention system of the water seal flame arrester for a direct-fired incinerator as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The outlet pipe of the water-sealed flame arrester is also a 90-degree elbow pipe, with the inlet located above the water surface of the main body of the water-sealed flame arrester, and the distance from the top of the main body of the water-sealed flame arrester is 15% of the height of the cylinder of the main body of the water-sealed flame arrester.
6. The backfire prevention system of the water seal flame arrester for a direct-fired incinerator as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The water seal flame arrester level gauge is installed on the side of the water seal flame arrester body. The distance between the upper pipe port and the bottom of the water seal flame arrester body is 25% of the height of the cylinder of the water seal flame arrester body, and the distance between the lower pipe port and the bottom of the water seal flame arrester body is 10% of the height of the cylinder of the water seal flame arrester body.
7. The backfire prevention system of the water seal flame arrestor for a direct-fired incinerator as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The low liquid level switch of the water seal flame arrester is located at the bottom of the water seal flame arrester body, and the distance from the bottom of the water seal flame arrester body is 20% of the cylinder height of the water seal flame arrester body.
8. The application of the water seal flame arrestor backfire prevention system for a direct-fired incinerator as described in claim 7 in waste gas treatment, characterized in that, The gases processed include flammable gases, such as dichloroethane and methane.